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Molloy"}, {"name": "Vera Klontza"}, {"name": "Sue Bridgford"}, {"name": "Joanna Day"}, {"name": "Barbara Hayden"}, {"name": "Matěj Pavlacký"}, {"name": "Chloë N. Duckworth"}, {"name": "Sylvia Desmond"}, {"name": "Ellinor Larsson"}, {"name": "William Megarry"}, {"name": "Mariusz Wiśniewski"}, {"name": "Marina Milić"}, {"name": "Katarzyna Zeman-Wiśniewska"}], "yearPublished": "2015", "creators": [{"name": "Frank Lynam"}], "editorialNote": "Periodization used in Molloy, B., & Duckworth, C. (Eds). (2014). A Cretan Landscape through Time : Priniatikos Pyrgos and Environs. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports., as defined by members of the field project and with reference to external published period definitions."}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0mn2nd", "editorialNote": "Periodization for Priniatikos Pyrgos as applied in Molloy, B., & Duckworth, C. (Eds). (2014). A Cretan Landscape through Time : Priniatikos Pyrgos and Environs. 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"localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ptolemaic"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0303"}, "label": "304 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Ptolemaic", "editorialNote": "UEE notes that this chronology will be replaced/improved as the project goes forward, so may be outdated at some point in the near future -- but in use by contributors and DAI database, so useful to maintain a record of.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qk76zzcdj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qk76zzcdj", "url": "http://uee.ucla.edu/chronology/", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Palaeolithic"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-699999"}, "label": "700000 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Lower Palaeolithic", "editorialNote": "UEE notes that this chronology will be replaced/improved as the project goes forward, so may be outdated at some point in the near future -- but in use by contributors and DAI database, so useful to maintain a record of.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-174999"}, "label": "175000 BCE "}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0323gx": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "The energy expansions of evolution", "contributors": [], "yearPublished": "2017-04-28", "id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0138", "creators": [{"name": "Olivia P. Judson", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/olivia-p-judson-1f8gw1hy7tyjn"}]}, "locator": "Fig. 1 (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-017-0138/figures/1)"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0323gx", "editorialNote": "Judson, O. P. The energy expansions of evolution. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 1, 0138 (2017).", "periods": {"p0323gxds6f": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-40000", "earliestYear": "-1500000"}, "label": "From 1.5 Ma to 0.4 Ma"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2017"}, "label": "today"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Energy epoch five: fire"]}, "editorialNote": "The current epoch has no real end date, since this source of energy has not yet been superceded by another.", "id": "p0323gxds6f", "label": "Energy epoch five: fire", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "note": "Source identifies two phases, the earliest of which begins with \"the evolution of a fire creature... [that] began to control the use of fire, deliberately setting fires alight and using fire for cooking,\" and the later of which might be given a beginning at a number of key points (\"the burning of fossil fuels such as coal to generate heat and light\", \"the invention of the internal combustion engine\", or \"the discovery of the Haber-Bosch process for fixing nitrogen\").", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}]}, "p0323gxrm53": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0323gxrm53", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Energy epoch three: oxygen"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-575000000"}, "label": "575 Ma"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-2320000000", "earliestYear": "-2450000000"}, "label": "Between 2.45 and 2.32 Ga (The Great Oxidation Event)"}, "label": "Energy epoch three: oxygen", "editorialNote": "The source notes that these epochs are agglomerative: that is, the geochemical epoch does not stop when the sunlight epoch begins, but continues to the present. For the sake of clarity, however, I have marked an end where a given form of energy generation ceases to be the predominant one. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}]}, "p0323gxcztt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3700000000"}, "label": "3.7 Ga"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-2320000000", "earliestYear": "-2450000000"}, "label": "2.45 Ga to 2.32 Ga"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Energy epoch two: sunlight"]}, "editorialNote": "The source notes that these epochs are agglomerative: that is, the geochemical epoch does not stop when the sunlight epoch begins, but continues to the present. For the sake of clarity, however, I have marked an end where a given form of energy generation ceases to be the predominant one. The end of this epoch is given as the range of the Great Oxidation Event.", "id": "p0323gxcztt", "label": "Energy epoch two: sunlight", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "note": "\"For [the start of this epoch] I have taken the earliest date for which there is evidence consistent with photosynthesis\", citing Rosing, M. 13C-depleted carbon microparticles in >3700-Ma sea-floor sedimentary rocks from west Greenland. Science 283, 674–676 (1999); Pecoits, E. et al. Atmospheric hydrogen peroxide and Eoarchean iron formations. Geobiology 13, 1–14 (2015); Nutman, A. P., Bennett, V. C., Friend, C. R. L., Van Kranendonk, M. J. & Chivas, A. R. Rapid emergence of life shown by discovery of 3,700-million-year-old microbial structures. Nature 537, 535–538 (2016).", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}]}, "p0323gxv8wc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0323gxv8wc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Energy epoch four: flesh"]}, "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-400000", "earliestYear": "-1500000"}, "label": "From 1.5 Ma to 0.4 Ma"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-575000000"}, "label": "575 Ma"}, "label": "Energy epoch four: flesh", "editorialNote": "The source notes that these epochs are agglomerative: that is, the geochemical epoch does not stop when the sunlight epoch begins, but continues to the present. For the sake of clarity, however, I have marked an end where a given form of energy generation ceases to be the predominant one. The end of this epoch is given as the range of estimates for the human use of fire for cooking.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}]}, "p0323gx5nk4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4560000000"}, "label": "4.1 Ga"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3700000000"}, "label": "3.7 Ga"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Energy epoch one: geochemical energy"]}, "editorialNote": "The source notes that these epochs are agglomerative: that is, the geochemical epoch does not stop when the sunlight epoch begins, but continues to the present. For the sake of clarity, however, I have marked an end where a given form of energy generation ceases to be the predominant one.", "id": "p0323gx5nk4", "label": "Energy epoch one: geochemical energy", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "note": "\"For [the start of this epoch] I have taken the earliest date for which there is evidence consistent with life\", citing Bell, E. A., Boehnke, P., Harrison, T. M. & Mao, W. L. Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 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"Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2333"}, "label": "2334 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhm96xw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhm96xw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neo-Babylonian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xix"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Neo-Babylonian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhmjvmc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0549"}, "label": "550 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhmjvmc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Achaemenid"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xviii"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Achaemenid", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Elam", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "300 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhm6724": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhm6724", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Elamite"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xviii"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Middle Elamite", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Elam", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhmd9qk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhmd9qk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Uruk"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xix"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Uruk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhm6zwb": {"id": "p047fhm6zwb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Susa I archaeological period", "editorialNote": "GeoDia listed the two archaeological periods of Susa I (4200-3700 B.C.) and Susa II (3700-3500 B.C.).", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Susa I archaeological period", "Susa I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xviii"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Elam", "note": "This period designates prehistoric Susa and corresponds to Ubaid period in Mesopotamia.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhmz25b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhmz25b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kassite"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xix"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Kassite", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhmj72p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2099"}, "label": "2100 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhmj72p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ur III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xix"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Ur III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhmk34f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1799"}, "label": "1800 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhmk34f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Old Babylonian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xix"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Old Babylonian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhm2cdk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhm2cdk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jamdat Nasr"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xix"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Jamdat Nasr", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhmcj3d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhmcj3d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Prehistoric"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xviii"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Prehistoric", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Elam", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhmdzd7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhmdzd7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neo-Elamite I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xviii"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Neo-Elamite I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Elam", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhmn3c9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhmn3c9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neo-Assyrian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xix"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Neo-Assyrian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhm2753": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhm2753", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Uruk"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xix"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Uruk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhmtmw2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhmtmw2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Dynastic I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xix"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Dynastic I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2749"}, "label": "2750 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p047fhm3bjv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p047fhm3bjv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Old Elamite"]}, "editorialNote": "unsure why GeoDia listed this twice, both inaccurate to the text (2400-2200 B.C. & 2200-2000 B.C.).", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26257582", "locator": "page xviii"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Old Elamite", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Elam", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0vpm8v": {"source": {"title": "Sicily before history : an archaeological survey from the Palaeolithic to the Iron Age", "yearPublished": 1999, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "creators": [{"name": "Leighton, Robert, 1958-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/66623296"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0vpm8v", "periods": {"p0vpm8v5dkv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8v5dkv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Early Bronze Age II", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8vs8b2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8vs8b2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Thapsos"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Thapsos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8vs28k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8vs28k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Middle Bronze Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8v4wff": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8v4wff", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pantalica North"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Pantalica North", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8vp7qm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8vp7qm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Castelluccian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Castelluccian", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8v5tz4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8v5tz4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Copper Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Late Copper Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8v8c6p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Table 1 lists more phase names by sites", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cassabile"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0733"}, "label": "734 B.C."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Cassabile", "id": "p0vpm8v8c6p", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8vctxb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0733"}, "label": "734 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8vctxb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Finocchito"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "pages 219, 233"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Finocchito", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0649"}, "label": "650 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8v6dk5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8v6dk5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Early Bronze Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8v5gds": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0733"}, "label": "734 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8v5gds", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Iron Age II", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8v7f92": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8v7f92", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Late Bronze Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8vx992": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8vx992", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Early Bronze Age I", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vpm8v82h2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vpm8v82h2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age (I)", "Early Iron Age", "Iron Age I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "locator": "page 269"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Early Iron Age (I)", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0733"}, "label": "734 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0fh3zc": {"source": {"url": "http://www.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_4/lorrio_zapatero_6_4.html", "title": "The Celts in Iberia: An Overview", "yearPublished": 2005, "creators": [{"name": "Alberto J. Lorrio"}, {"name": "Gonzalo Ruiz Zapatero"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0fh3zc", "periods": {"p0fh3zcg927": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0fh3zcg927", "url": "http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_4/lorrio_zapatero_6_4.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Iron Age"]}, "label": "Late Iron Age", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}], "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "100 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fh3zcqs6h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0fh3zcqs6h", "url": "http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_4/lorrio_zapatero_6_4.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age"]}, "label": "Early Iron Age", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}], "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0r2jnt": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Archaeology of the land of the Bible. Volume III, Alexander to Constantine", "contributors": [{"name": "Chancey, Mark A.", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/1122844604#Person/chancey_mark_a"}], "yearPublished": 2012, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/797975268", "creators": [{"name": "Meyers, Eric M.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/297544012"}]}, "locator": "page 26"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0r2jnt", "periods": {"p0r2jntpjfd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0r2jntpjfd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hasmonean"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0063"}, "label": "64 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0164"}, "label": "165 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}], "label": "Hasmonean", "editorialNote": "see also Mazar, 1992", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Near East", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0hrtx5": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Los celtas : Hispania y Europa", "contributors": [{"name": "Almagro Gorbea, Martín.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/93157757"}, {"name": "Ruiz Zapatero, Gonzalo.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/17380574"}, {"name": "Universidad Complutense de Madrid.", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/480057549#Organization/universidad_complutense_de_madrid"}], "yearPublished": 1993, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/34151102"}, "locator": "page 77"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0hrtx5", "periods": {"p0hrtx5dm4p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p0hrtx5dm4p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt-culture"], "es": ["Cultura de Hallstatt"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 a.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 a.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Cultura de Hallstatt", "editorialNote": "Come back later to this source to mine / match to formal p.175-222 & Celtic art periods p.431-450 (SB scanned) though the latter is mainly references to other writers.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Suroeste de Alemania", "languageTag": "es"}}}, "p08h8hs": {"source": {"partOf": {"dateAccessed": "2014-06-13", "title": "The Greek Neolithic: A New Review", "abstract": "The Greek Neolithic, here divided into five phases, is the oldest in Europe. Geographically, it is the closest to the Near East and has thus long been seen as an impoverished derivative of the latter. However, recent research has tended to emphasize the autochthonous nature of Neolithic development in Europe, including Greece. The Greek Neolithic economy, which was based almost entirely on domesticates, and its densely packed, long-lived villages strongly recall the Near East, as do also the early emphasis on fine, decorated, nonculinary pottery and the wealth of figurines. On the other hand, the evolution of stylistic patterns is specifically Greek, although generally related to trends in the Balkans. Originality in the development of the Greek Neolithic is also seen in its latest phase, with apparent decreases, rather than increases, in site density, social differentiation, and, to some extent, long-distance trade. At the same time, however, the dichotomy became much sharper between the rich agricultural plains of northern Greece and the more pastoral(?) regions of the Peloponnese and Cycladic Islands; this presages similar contrasts during the Bronze Age.", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25800637", "yearPublished": 1993, "creators": [{"name": "Jean-Paul Demoule"}, {"name": "Catherine Perlès"}]}, "locator": "page 366"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p08h8hs", "periods": {"p08h8hsj4h8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5299"}, "label": "5300 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic"]}, "id": "p08h8hsj4h8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Late Neolithic", "note": "Applies to \"Mainland Greece in general\", including Thessaly and the Peloponnese.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08h8hstvzv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5799"}, "label": "5800 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5299"}, "label": "5300 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic"]}, "id": "p08h8hstvzv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Middle Neolithic", "note": "Applies to \"Mainland Greece in general\", including Thessaly and the Peloponnese.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08h8hs24xm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3199"}, "label": "3200 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Neolithic"]}, "id": "p08h8hs24xm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Final Neolithic", "note": "Applies to \"Mainland Greece in general\", including Thessaly and the Peloponnese.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p064v7m": {"source": {"title": "The Oxford handbook of Mesoamerican archeology", "contributors": [{"name": "Christopher A. Pool", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/58240411"}, {"name": "Deborah L. Nichols", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/1044966074#Person/nichols_deborah_l_1952"}], "yearPublished": "2012", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "creators": []}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p064v7m", "periods": {"p064v7m6whj": {"id": "p064v7m6whj", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "CA. 600 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Early Classic", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0250"}, "label": "CA. 250 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Classic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 121"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Early Classic Period (CA. 250-600 AD)\", page 121.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7mzs4d": {"id": "p064v7mzs4d", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "CA. 300 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Middle to Late Formative", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "CA. 600 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle to Late Formative"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 119"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Middle to Late Formative Period (CA. 600-300 BC)\", page 119.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7mj95d": {"id": "p064v7mj95d", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "CA. 900 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Early Formative", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "CA. 1200 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Formative"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 118"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Early Formative Period (CA. 1200-CA. 900 BC) Early Mesoamerican Civilization Begins\", page 118.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7m6cvm": {"id": "p064v7m6cvm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0250"}, "label": "250 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Formative period", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Formative period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 116"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Widespread evidence for sedentism marked the start of the Formative period 1000 BC-250 AD\", page 116.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7mwqds": {"id": "p064v7mwqds", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "CA. 1521 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Late Postclassic", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "CA. 1400 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Postclassic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 125"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Late Postclassic Period (CA. 1400-1521 AD)\", page 125.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7m2kbt": {"id": "p064v7m2kbt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Late Archaic", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 116"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"The Late Archaic Period (4000-2000 BC)\", page 116.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7m9xx2": {"id": "p064v7m9xx2", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "CA. 900 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Late Classic", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "CA. 600 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Classic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 122"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Late Classic Period (CA. 600-900 AD)\", page 122.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7mgsjt": {"id": "p064v7mgsjt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "CA. 1 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Late Formative", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.\n", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "CA. 300 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Formative"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 120"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Late Formative Period (CA. 300 BC-1 AD)\", page 120.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7msxx5": {"id": "p064v7msxx5", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "CA. 600 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Middle Formative", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "CA. 900 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Formative"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 118"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Middle Formative Period (CA. 900-CA. 600 BC)\", page 118.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7mvqnn": {"id": "p064v7mvqnn", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0250"}, "label": "CA. 250 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Terminal Formative", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "CA. 1 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Terminal Formative"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 121"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Terminal Formative Period (CA. 1-250 AD)\", page 121.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7mcjsf": {"id": "p064v7mcjsf", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "CA. 1400"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Middle Postclassic", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\\\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "CA. 1200"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Postclassic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 124"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Middle Postclassic Period (CA. 1200-1400)\", page 124.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7mmjt9": {"id": "p064v7mmjt9", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Initial Formative", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\n\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Initial Formative"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 116"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Initial Formative (Preclassic) Period (2000-1200 BCE): Early Mesoamerica\", page 116.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p064v7m4ggp": {"id": "p064v7m4ggp", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "CA. 1200 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q242", "label": "Belize"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q783", "label": "Honduras"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q792", "label": "El Salvador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Epiclassic and Early Postclassic", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage determined by map (figure 8.1) on page 115.\nSpatial coverage should include Costa Rica.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "CA. 750 AD."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epiclassic and Early Postclassic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827706625", "locator": "page 124"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica", "note": "\"Epiclassic and Early Postclassic Periods (CA. 750-1200 AD)\", page 124.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0kgptq": {"source": {"title": "Biblical archaeology today : proceedings of the International Congress on Biblical Archaeology, Jerusalem, April 1984.", "contributors": [{"name": "Ḥevrah la-ḥaḳirat Erets-Yiśraʼel ṿe-ʻatiḳoteha.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/154357191"}, {"name": "American Schools of Oriental Research.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/122713072"}, {"name": "Aḳademyah ha-leʼumit ha-Yiśreʼelit le-madaʻim.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/128585828"}], "yearPublished": 1985, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13184915", "creators": [{"name": "International Congress on Biblical Archaeology (1984 : Jerusalem)", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/138612704#Meeting/international_congress_on_biblical_archaeology_1984_jerusalem"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0kgptq", "periods": {"p0kgptqv6b3": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1666", "earliestYear": "-1999"}, "label": "beginning of the second millennium B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kgptqv6b3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Canaanite Age", "pre-Israelite"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_label per page 139 quote, \"Therefore, 'the archaeology of the Land of Israel is preferable.'\" Also on page 141: \"the author proposes...the other two terms, 'Canaanite Age' and 'Israelite Age' to replace 'Bronze Age' and 'Iron Age.'\" Sourced from Mazar, 1992, page 29 note 14: \"M. Dothan in BAT, pp. 136-41.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13184915", "locator": "pages 140-141"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "label": "Canaanite Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Land of Israel", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kgptqfs5b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kgptqfs5b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Israelite Age", "Iron Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_label per page 139 quote, \"Therefore, 'the archaeology of the Land of Israel is preferable.'\" Also on page 141: \"the author proposes...the other two terms, 'Canaanite Age' and 'Israelite Age' to replace 'Bronze Age' and 'Iron Age.'\" Sourced from Mazar, 1992, page 29 note 14: \"M. Dothan in BAT, pp. 136-41.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13184915", "locator": "pages 140-141"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "label": "Israelite Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Land of Israel", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0585"}, "label": "586 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kgptqgcs2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3249"}, "label": "3250 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kgptqgcs2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Canaanite Age", "Early Bronze Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_label per page 139 quote, \"Therefore, 'the archaeology of the Land of Israel is preferable.'\" Also on page 141: \"the author proposes...the other two terms, 'Canaanite Age' and 'Israelite Age' to replace 'Bronze Age' and 'Iron Age.'\" Sourced from Mazar, 1992, page 29 note 14: \"M. Dothan in BAT, pp. 136-41.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13184915", "locator": "page 138"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "label": "Early Canaanite Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Land of Israel", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kgptq9qvc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kgptq9qvc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Canaanite Age", "Middle Bronze Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_label per page 139 quote, \"Therefore, 'the archaeology of the Land of Israel is preferable.'\" Also on page 141: \"the author proposes...the other two terms, 'Canaanite Age' and 'Israelite Age' to replace 'Bronze Age' and 'Iron Age.'\" Sourced from Mazar, 1992, page 29 note 14: \"M. Dothan in BAT, pp. 136-41.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13184915", "locator": "page 138"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "label": "Middle Canaanite Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Land of Israel", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1249"}, "label": "1250 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0kh9ds": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period", "dateAccessed": "2014-10-06", "title": "Historic England Periods", "yearPublished": 2014, "creators": [{"name": "Historic England"}], "contributors": []}, "id": "p0kh9ds", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period", "periods": {"p0kh9dsxp46": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsxp46", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/VIC", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/VIC", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837 CE"}, "note": "Dating to the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 CE to 1901 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Victorian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Victorian", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsctsj", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds6t9k": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "7000 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds6t9k", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EME", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EME", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-9999"}, "label": "10000 BCE"}, "note": "The earliest subdivision of the Mesolithic, or Middle Stone Age. Circa -10000 BCE to -7000 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Earlier Mesolithic", "Early Mesolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Early Mesolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dskb4m", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds785r": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds785r", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LPR", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LPR", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BCE"}, "note": "For monuments that can be identified only to a date range from Neolithic to Iron Age. Circa -4000 BCE to 43 CE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Prehistory", "Late Prehistoric", "Later Prehistoric"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Later Prehistoric", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dst7t7", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsw3zv": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1910"}, "label": "1910 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsw3zv", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EDW", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EDW", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1902"}, "label": "1902 CE"}, "note": "The period covering the reign of Edward VII (1902 CE to 1910 CE). Do not use for the reigns of Edwards I-VI.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edwardian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Edwardian", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dstffb", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsj33x": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsj33x", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/IA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/IA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 BCE"}, "note": "This period follows on from the Bronze Age and is characterized by the use of iron for making tools and monuments such as hillforts and oppida. The Iron Age is taken to end with the Roman invasion. Circa -800 BCE to 43 CE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Iron Age", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9ds785r", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsmf3f": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsmf3f", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EM", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EM", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "410 CE"}, "note": "This dates from the breakdown of Roman rule in Britain (c. 410) to the Norman invasion in 1066 and is to be used for monuments of post Roman, Saxon and Viking date.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Mediaeval", "Dark Age", "Early Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Early Medieval", "languageTag": "en", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds3whd": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1625"}, "label": "1625 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds3whd", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/JAC", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/JAC", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603 CE"}, "note": "Dating to the reign of James I of England (VI of Scotland). 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Use more specific period where known.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post Mediaeval", "Post-Mediaeval", "Post-Medieval", "Post Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Post Medieval", "languageTag": "en", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsk4zt": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1966"}, "label": "1966 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsk4zt", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/M20", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/M20", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1933"}, "label": "1933 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 20th Century of the common era (1933 CE to 1966 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Twentieth Century", "Mid 20th Century"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Mid 20th Century", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dstg2x", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dstffb": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1932"}, "label": "1932 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dstffb", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/E20", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/E20", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 20th century of the common era (1901 CE to 1932 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Twentieth Century", "Early 20th Century"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Early 20th Century", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dstg2x", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsnrhc": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-39999"}, "label": "40000 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsnrhc", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MPA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MPA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-149999"}, "label": "150000 BCE"}, "note": "The second subdivision of the Palaeolithic or Old Stone Age. Characterized by the fine flake tools of the Mousterian tradition and economically by a hunter gatherer society. Circa -150000 BCE to -40000 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic", "Mid Palaeolithic", "Mid Paleolithic", "Middle Palaeolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Middle Palaeolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsqfgv", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dszskn": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "300 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dszskn", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EIA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EIA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 BCE"}, "note": "The earliest subdivision of the Iron Age. Circa -800 BCE to -300 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Earlier Iron Age", "Early Iron Age"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Early Iron Age", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsj33x", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dst3vc": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dst3vc", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/GEO", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/GEO", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714 CE"}, "note": "Dating to or characteristic of the reigns of any of the first four kings of Great Britain called George (1714 CE to 1830 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Georgian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Georgian", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsvcdn", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dscbkd": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1540"}, "label": "1540 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dscbkd", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MD", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MD", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066 CE"}, "note": "The Medieval period or Middle Ages begins with the Norman invasion (1066) and ends with the dissolution of the monasteries (c.1540).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Ages", "Mediaeval", "Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Medieval", "languageTag": "en", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds7q8m": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds7q8m", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/BA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/BA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2599"}, "label": "2600 BCE"}, "note": "This period follows on from the Neolithic and is characterized by the increasing use of Bronzework. It is subdivided in the Early, Middle and Late Bronze Age. Circa -2600 BCE to -700 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Bronze Age", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9ds785r", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dstr3n": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dstr3n", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LIZ", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LIZ", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1558"}, "label": "1558 CE"}, "note": "Dating to the reign of Elizabeth I of England (1558 CE to 1603 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Elizabethan"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Elizabethan", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9ds7jvs", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsbd33": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1991"}, "label": "1991 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsbd33", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/WW3", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/WW3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1946"}, "label": "1946 CE"}, "note": "The period of political and military opposition between the major Superpowers (USA and USSR) and their allies. Known as the Cold War as there were no direct military conflicts between the two main protagonists (1946 CE to 1991 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cold War"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Cold War", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dstg2x", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds2pnp": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds2pnp", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/L20", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/L20", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1967"}, "label": "1967 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 20th century of the common era (1967 CE to 2000 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Twentieth Century", "Late 20th Century"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Late 20th Century", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dstg2x", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsqpzm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsqpzm", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MBA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MBA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BCE"}, "note": "The second subdivision of the Bronze Age. Circa -1600 BCE to -1200 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Bronze Age", "Middle Bronze Age"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Middle Bronze Age", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9ds7q8m", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dskb4m": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dskb4m", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ME", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ME", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-9999"}, "label": "10000 BCE"}, "note": "The Middle Stone Age, falling between the Palaeolithic and the Neolithic; marks the beginning of a move from a hunter gatherer society towards food producing society. Circa -10000 BCE to -4000 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Stone Age", "Mesolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Mesolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsdf5j", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dszj78": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dszj78", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C21", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C21", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "2001"}, "label": "2001 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 21st Century of the common era (2001 CE to 2100 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Twenty-First Century", "Twenty First Century", "21st Century"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "21st Century", "languageTag": "en", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsqkbq": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsqkbq", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LBA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LBA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BCE"}, "note": "The third and latest subdivision of the Bronze Age. Circa -1200 BCE to -700 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Bronze Age", "Late Bronze Age"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Late Bronze Age", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9ds7q8m", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds6f4n": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds6f4n", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/STU", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/STU", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603 CE"}, "note": "Dating to the reign of the Stuart kings of England including the Commonwealth inter-regnum (1603 CE to 1714 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stuart"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Stuart", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsctsj", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsts5m": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-9999"}, "label": "10000 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsts5m", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/UPA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/UPA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-39999"}, "label": "40000 BCE"}, "note": "The third and last subdivision of the Palaeolithic or Old Stone Age; characterized by the development of projectile points made from bony materials and the development of fine blade flint tools. Circa -40000 BCE to -10000 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic", "Upper Palaeolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Upper Palaeolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsqfgv", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsbnzg": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsbnzg", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ENE", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ENE", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BCE"}, "note": "The earliest subdivision of the Neolithic, or New Stone Age. Circa -4000 BCE to -3300 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Earlier Neolithic", "Early Neolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Early Neolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsbz2g", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsbz2g": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsbz2g", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/NE", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/NE", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BCE"}, "note": "The New Stone Age, this period follows on from the Palaeolithic and the Mesolithic and is itself succeeded by the Bronze Age. This period is characterized by the practice of a farming economy and extensive monumental constructions. Circa -4000 BCE to -2200 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New Stone Age", "Neolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Neolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9ds785r", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsqx6c": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "100 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsqx6c", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MIA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MIA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "300 BCE"}, "note": "The second subdivision of the Iron Age. Circa -300 BCE to -100 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Iron Age", "Middle Iron Age"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Middle Iron Age", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsj33x"}, "p0kh9dsdf5j": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsdf5j", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EPR", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EPR", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-999999"}, "label": "1000000 BCE"}, "note": "For monuments which are characteristic of the Palaeolithic to Mesolithic but cannot be specifically assigned. Circa -1000000 BCE to -4000 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Prehistory", "Early Prehistoric"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Early Prehistoric", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dst7t7", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds4hjq": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds4hjq", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LNE", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LNE", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 BCE"}, "note": "The third and latest subdivision of the Neolithic, or New Stone Age. Circa -2900 BCE to -2200 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Neolithic", "Late Neolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Late Neolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsbz2g", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsbm2h": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsbm2h", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MNE", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MNE", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 BCE"}, "note": "The second subdivision of the Neolithic, or New Stone Age. Circa -3300 BCE to -2900 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Neolithic", "Middle Neolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Middle Neolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsbz2g", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds3566": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds3566", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/WW1", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/WW1", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914 CE"}, "note": "Used to record buildings, defensive monuments and sites dating to, and associated with, the First World War (1914 CE to 1918 CE). For other types of building, such as houses, built during this period use Early 20th Century.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["World War 1", "World War I", "WW1", "WWI", "First World War"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "First World War", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dstffb", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds9nsj": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "410 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds9nsj", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/RO", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/RO", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 CE"}, "note": "The Roman period traditionally begins with the Roman invasion in 43AD and ends with the emperor Honorius directing Britain to see to it's own defence in 410AD. Circa 43 CE to 410 CE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Romano-British", "Romano British", "Roman"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Roman", "languageTag": "en", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dst7t7": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dst7t7", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/PR", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/PR", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-999999"}, "label": "1000000 BCE"}, "note": "For monuments that can be identified only to a date range from Palaeolithic to Iron Age. Circa -1000000 BCE to 43 CE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Prehistory", "Prehistoric"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Prehistoric", "languageTag": "en", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dscmjf": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dscmjf", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LME", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LME", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "7000 BCE"}, "note": "The latest subdivision of the Mesolithic, or Middle Stone Age. Circa -7000 BCE to -4000 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Mesolithic", "Late Mesolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Late Mesolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dskb4m", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsvcdn": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsvcdn", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/HAN", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/HAN", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714 CE"}, "note": "Dating to the reign of the monarchs of the House of Hanover (1714 CE to 1837 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hanoverian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Hanoverian", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsctsj", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dshs59": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dshs59", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EBA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EBA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2599"}, "label": "2600 BCE"}, "note": "The earliest subdivision of the Bronze Age. Circa -2600 BCE to -1600 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Earlier Bronze Age", "Early Bronze Age"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Early Bronze Age", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9ds7q8m", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dstmtg": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-149999"}, "label": "150000 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dstmtg", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LPA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LPA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-999999"}, "label": "1000000 BCE"}, "note": "The earliest subdivision of the Palaeolithic, or Old Stone Age; when the earliest use of flint tools appears in the current archaeological record. A hunter gatherer society is a defining characteristic. Circa -1000000 BCE to -150000 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic", "Lower Palaeolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Lower Palaeolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsqfgv", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds7jvs": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds7jvs", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/TUD", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/TUD", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485 CE"}, "note": "Dating to the reign of the Tudor monarchs. (1485 CE to 1603 CE).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tudor"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Tudor", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsctsj", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsqfgv": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-9999"}, "label": "10000 BCE"}, "id": "p0kh9dsqfgv", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/PA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/PA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-999999"}, "label": "1000000 BCE"}, "note": "The period once referred to as the Old Stone Age. It is defined by the practice of hunting and gathering and the use of chipped flint tools. This period is usually divided up into the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. Circa -1000000 BCE to -10000 BCE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleolithic", "Old Stone Age", "Palaeolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Palaeolithic", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsdf5j", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dstg2x": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9dstg2x", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C20", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C20", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 20th Century of the common era (1901 CE to 2000 CE). Previously recorded as 'Modern'.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Twentieth Century", "20th Century"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "20th Century", "languageTag": "en", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds5x8v": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds5x8v", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/WW2", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/WW2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939 CE"}, "note": "Used to record buildings, defensive monuments and sites dating to, and associated with, the Second World War (1939 CE to 1945 CE). For other types of building, such as houses, built during this period use Mid 20th Century.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["World War 2", "World War II", "WW2", "WWII", "Second World War"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Second World War", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsk4zt", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds8p8k": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 CE"}, "id": "p0kh9ds8p8k", "sameAs": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LIA", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LIA", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "100 BCE"}, "note": "The third and latest subdivision of the Iron Age. Circa -100 BCE to 43 CE.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Iron Age", "Late Iron Age"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Late Iron Age", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0kh9dsj33x", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - revisions to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dskb4p": {"id": "p0kh9dskb4p", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/CH", "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Copper Age", "Eneolithic", "Chalcolithic"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dshs59", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200 BCE"}, "note": "The transitional period at the end of the Neolithic when metal is first used to make tools and weapons. New burial rites and artefacts appear at the same time as these copper implements appear. Circa -2500 BCE to -2200 BCE.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsc5fq": {"id": "p0kh9dsc5fq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ROFL", "label": "Flavian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Flavian"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9nsj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "96 CE"}, "note": "Referring to the reigns of the emperors Vespasian (69-79 ), Titus (79-81 CE), and Domitian (81-96 CE), that coincided with the dynasty established after the death of Nero in 69 CE. Circa 69 CE to 96 CE.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dskxbv": {"id": "p0kh9dskxbv", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ROHA", "label": "Hadrianic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hadrianic"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9nsj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "117 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0138"}, "label": "138 CE"}, "note": "Referring to the reign of Hadrian, 117 to 138 CE.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds4j9t": {"id": "p0kh9ds4j9t", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ROAN", "label": "Antonine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antonine"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9nsj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0138"}, "label": "138 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0192"}, "label": "192 CE"}, "note": "Referring to the reign of the Roman emperor Antoninus Pius and his successors (from 138 CE) until the late 2nd century. Circa 138 CE to 192 CE.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dszs9z": {"id": "p0kh9dszs9z", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ROSE", "label": "Severan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Severan"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9nsj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "193 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235 CE"}, "note": "Referring to the Severan dynasty who were Emperors of Rome in 193-235 C.E.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024\n"}, "p0kh9ds8htw": {"id": "p0kh9ds8htw", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/AS", "label": "Anglo-Saxon", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo Saxon", "Anglo-Saxon"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsmf3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "410 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066 CE"}, "note": "Both a political and cultural term: applied to the distinctive culture and artistic styles that evolved from the merging of native traditions with those of Germanic tribes who had migrated from northern Europe.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds3qf4": {"id": "p0kh9ds3qf4", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EAS", "label": "Early Anglo-Saxon", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Migration period", "Early Anglo-Saxon"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds8htw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "410 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0660"}, "label": "660 CE"}, "note": "The first part of the period which saw the arrival of Anglo-Saxon culture (circa 410 CE to 660 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dszgss": {"id": "p0kh9dszgss", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MAS", "label": "Mid Anglo-Saxon", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Anglo-Saxon"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds8htw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0660"}, "label": "660 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0899"}, "label": "899 CE"}, "note": "The middle part of the Anglo-Saxon period which saw the development of the Seven Kingdoms - the Heptarchy (circa 660 CE to 899 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dscbcf": {"id": "p0kh9dscbcf", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LAS", "label": "Late Anglo-Saxon", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Anglo-Saxon"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds8htw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0899"}, "label": "899 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066 CE"}, "note": "The final part of the Anglo-Saxon period which began with the reign of Edward the Elder and ended with the Norman Conquest(circa 899 CE to 1066 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds4thp": {"id": "p0kh9ds4thp", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/E21", "label": "Early 21st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Twenty-First Century", "Early 21st Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dszj78", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "2001"}, "label": "2001 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2032"}, "label": "2032 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 21st century of the common era (2001 CE to 2032 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsn2jm": {"id": "p0kh9dsn2jm", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/M21", "label": "Mid 21st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Twenty-First Century", "Mid 21st Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dszj78", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "2033"}, "label": "2033 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2066"}, "label": "2066 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 21st Century of the common era (2033 CE to 2066 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsj2b6": {"id": "p0kh9dsj2b6", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/L21", "label": "Late 21st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Twenty-First Century", "Late 21st Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dszj78", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "2067"}, "label": "2067 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 21st century of the common era (2067 CE to 2100 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dssmz7": {"id": "p0kh9dssmz7", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/RUSH", "label": "Solar Federation", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Solar Federation"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsn2jm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "2062"}, "label": "2062 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2112"}, "label": "2112 CE"}, "note": "The period of the 21st Century when the surviving planets banded together under the Red Star of the Solar Federation (2062 CE to 2112 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds8z33": {"id": "p0kh9ds8z33", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C01", "label": "1st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Century", "1st Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 1nd Century of the common era (1 CE to 100 CE)", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds4x3w": {"id": "p0kh9ds4x3w", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC01", "label": "Early 1st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early First Century", "Early 1st Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds8z33", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0032"}, "label": "32 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 1st Century of the common era. (1 CE to 32 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dssr3t": {"id": "p0kh9dssr3t", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC01", "label": "Mid 1st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid First Century", "Mid 1st Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds8z33", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0033"}, "label": "33 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0066"}, "label": "66 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 1st Century of the common era (33 CE to 66 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds42n6": {"id": "p0kh9ds42n6", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC01", "label": "Late 1st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late First Century", "Late 1st Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds8z33", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0067"}, "label": "67 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 1st Century. (67 CE to 100 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsj8h7": {"id": "p0kh9dsj8h7", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C02", "label": "2nd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Century", "2nd Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0101"}, "label": "101 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 2nd Century of the common era (101 CE to 200 CE)", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024", "narrower": ["p0kh9dspqt5", "p0kh9ds3ggk", "p0kh9dsrvj8"]}, "p0kh9dspqt5": {"id": "p0kh9dspqt5", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC02", "label": "Early 2nd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Second Century", "Early 2nd Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsj8h7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0101"}, "label": "101 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0132"}, "label": "132 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 2nd Century of the common era (101 CE to 132 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds3ggk": {"id": "p0kh9ds3ggk", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC02", "label": "Mid 2nd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Second Century", "Mid 2nd Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsj8h7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0133"}, "label": "133 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0166"}, "label": "166 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 2nd Century of the common era (133 CE to 166 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsrvj8": {"id": "p0kh9dsrvj8", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC02", "label": "Late 2nd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Second Century", "Late 2nd Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsj8h7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0167"}, "label": "167 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 2nd Century of the common era (167 CE to 200 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dscjcz": {"id": "p0kh9dscjcz", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C03", "label": "3rd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Century", "3rd Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "201 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 3rd Century of the common era (201 CE to 300 CE)", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsfrm3": {"id": "p0kh9dsfrm3", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC03", "label": "Early 3rd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Third Century", "Early 3rd Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dscjcz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "201 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0232"}, "label": "232 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 3rd Century of the common era (201 CE to 232 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsqsv6": {"id": "p0kh9dsqsv6", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC03", "label": "Mid 3rd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Third Century", "Mid 3rd Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dscjcz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0233"}, "label": "233 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0266"}, "label": "266 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 3rd Century of the common era (233 CE to 266 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dscd7r": {"id": "p0kh9dscd7r", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC03", "label": "Late 3rd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Third Century", "Late 3rd Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dscjcz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0267"}, "label": "267 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 3rd Century of the common era (267 CE to 300 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsf6vz": {"id": "p0kh9dsf6vz", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C04", "label": "4th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fourth Century", "4th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0301"}, "label": "301 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 4th Century of the common era (301 CE to 400 CE)", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dssksg": {"id": "p0kh9dssksg", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC04", "label": "Early 4th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Fourth Century", "Early 4th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsf6vz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0301"}, "label": "301 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0332"}, "label": "332 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 4th Century of the common era (301 CE to 332 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds67hq": {"id": "p0kh9ds67hq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC04", "label": "Mid 4th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Fourth Century", "Mid 4th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsf6vz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0333"}, "label": "333 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0366"}, "label": "366 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 4th Century of the common era (333 CE to 366 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsrs5g": {"id": "p0kh9dsrs5g", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC04", "label": "Late 4th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Fourth Century", "Late 4th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsf6vz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0367"}, "label": "367 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 4th Century of the common era (367 CE to 400 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsbx5t": {"id": "p0kh9dsbx5t", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C05", "label": "5th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fifth Century", "5th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0401"}, "label": "401 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 5th Century of the common era (401 CE to 500 CE)", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsd4xt": {"id": "p0kh9dsd4xt", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC05", "label": "Early 5th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Fifth Century", "Early 5th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsbx5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0401"}, "label": "401 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0432"}, "label": "432 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 5th Century of the common era (401 CE to 432 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsp3bb": {"id": "p0kh9dsp3bb", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC05", "label": "Mid 5th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Fifth Century", "Mid 5th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsbx5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0433"}, "label": "433 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0466"}, "label": "466 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 5th Century of the common era (433 CE to 466 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsxv3h": {"id": "p0kh9dsxv3h", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC05", "label": "Late 5th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Fifth Century", "Late 5th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsbx5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0467"}, "label": "467 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 5th Century of the common era (467 CE to 500 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds4w7t": {"id": "p0kh9ds4w7t", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C06", "label": "6th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sixth Century", "6th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0501"}, "label": "501 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 6th Century of the common era (501 CE to 600 CE)", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds57pz": {"id": "p0kh9ds57pz", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC06", "label": "Early 6th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Sixth Century", "Early 6th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds4w7t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0501"}, "label": "501 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0532"}, "label": "532 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 6th Century of the common era (501 CE to 532 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024", "narrower": []}, "p0kh9dspwmn": {"id": "p0kh9dspwmn", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC06", "label": "Mid 6th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Sixth Century", "Mid 6th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds4w7t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0533"}, "label": "533 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0566"}, "label": "566 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 6th Century of the common era (533 CE to 566 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds5w5g": {"id": "p0kh9ds5w5g", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC06", "label": "Late 6th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Sixth Century", "Late 6th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds4w7t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0567"}, "label": "567 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 6th Century of the common era (567 CE to 600 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds9n8f": {"id": "p0kh9ds9n8f", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C07", "label": "7th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seventh Century", "7th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0601"}, "label": "601 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 7th Century of the common era (601 CE to 700 CE)", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsf23f": {"id": "p0kh9dsf23f", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC07", "label": "Early 7th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Seventh Century", "Early 7th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9n8f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0601"}, "label": "601 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0632"}, "label": "632 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 7th Century of the common era (601 CE to 632 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024\n"}, "p0kh9ds9fzs": {"id": "p0kh9ds9fzs", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC07", "label": "Mid 7th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Seventh Century", "Mid 7th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9n8f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0633"}, "label": "633 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0666"}, "label": "666 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 7th Century of the common era (633 CE to 666 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds8xq5": {"id": "p0kh9ds8xq5", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC07", "label": "Late 7th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Seventh Century", "Late 7th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9n8f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0667"}, "label": "667 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 7th Century of the common era (667 CE to 700 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds483z": {"id": "p0kh9ds483z", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C08", "label": "8th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eighth Century", "8th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0701"}, "label": "701 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 8th Century of the common era (701 CE to 800 CE)", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds2c4m": {"id": "p0kh9ds2c4m", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC08", "label": "Early 8th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Eighth Century", "Early 8th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds483z", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0701"}, "label": "701 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0732"}, "label": "732 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 8th Century of the common era (701 CE to 732 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds724d": {"id": "p0kh9ds724d", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC08", "label": "Mid 8th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Eighth Century", "Mid 8th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds483z", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0733"}, "label": "733 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0766"}, "label": "766 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 8th Century of the common era (733 CE to 766 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds7t44": {"id": "p0kh9ds7t44", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC08", "label": "Late 8th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Eighth Century", "Late 8th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds483z", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0767"}, "label": "767 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 8th Century of the common era (767 CE to 800 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024\n"}, "p0kh9dsfv8v": {"id": "p0kh9dsfv8v", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C09", "label": "9th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ninth Century", "9th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0801"}, "label": "801 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 9th Century of the common era (801 CE to 900 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsnfnc": {"id": "p0kh9dsnfnc", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC09", "label": "Early 9th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Ninth Century", "Early 9th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsfv8v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0801"}, "label": "801 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0832"}, "label": "832 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 9th Century of the common era (801 CE to 832 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dszxtg": {"id": "p0kh9dszxtg", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC09", "label": "Mid 9th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Ninth Century", "Mid 9th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsfv8v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0833"}, "label": "833 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0866"}, "label": "866 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 9th Century of the common era (833 CE to 866 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsh6mc": {"id": "p0kh9dsh6mc", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC09", "label": "Late 9th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Ninth Century", "Late 9th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsfv8v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0867"}, "label": "867 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 9th Century of the common era (867 CE to 900 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds55hz": {"id": "p0kh9ds55hz", "type": "Period", "label": "10th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tenth Century", "10th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0901"}, "label": "901 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 10th Century of the common era (901 CE to 1000 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsbk4x": {"id": "p0kh9dsbk4x", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC10", "label": "Early 10th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Tenth Century", "Early 10th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds55hz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0901"}, "label": "901 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0932"}, "label": "932 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 10th Century of the common era (901 CE to 932 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds7n7p": {"id": "p0kh9ds7n7p", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC10", "label": "Mid 10th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Tenth Century", "Mid 10th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds55hz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0933"}, "label": "933 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0966"}, "label": "966 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 10th Century of the common era (933 CE to 966 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsxvzw": {"id": "p0kh9dsxvzw", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC10", "label": "Late 10th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Tenth Century", "Late 10th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds55hz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0967"}, "label": "967 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 10th Century of the common era (967 CE to 1000 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsssf3": {"id": "p0kh9dsssf3", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C11", "label": "11th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eleventh Century", "11th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1001"}, "label": "1001 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 11th Century of the common era (1001 CE to 1100 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsqfcf": {"id": "p0kh9dsqfcf", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC11", "label": "Early 11th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Eleventh Century", "Early 11th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsssf3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1001"}, "label": "1001 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1032"}, "label": "1032 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 11th Century of the common era (1001 CE to 1032 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsd4ng": {"id": "p0kh9dsd4ng", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC11", "label": "Mid 11th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Eleventh Century", "Mid 11th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsssf3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1033"}, "label": "1033 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 11th Century of the common era (1033 CE to 1066 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsr54h": {"id": "p0kh9dsr54h", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC11", "label": "Late 11th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Eleventh Century", "Late 11th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsssf3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1067"}, "label": "1067 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 11th Century of the common era (1067 CE to 1100 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds6x4n": {"id": "p0kh9ds6x4n", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C12", "label": "12th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Twelfth Century", "12th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1101"}, "label": "1101 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 12th Century of the common era (1101 CE to 1200 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsprj2": {"id": "p0kh9dsprj2", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC12", "label": "Early 12th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Twelfth Century", "Early 12th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds6x4n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1101"}, "label": "1101 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1132"}, "label": "1132 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 12th Century of the common era (1101 CE to 1132 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsbg9n": {"id": "p0kh9dsbg9n", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC12", "label": "Mid 12th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Twelfth Century", "Mid 12th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds6x4n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1133"}, "label": "1133 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1166"}, "label": "1166 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 12th Century of the common era (1133 CE to 1166 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dssw73": {"id": "p0kh9dssw73", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC12", "label": "Late 12th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Twelfth Century", "Late 12th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds6x4n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1167"}, "label": "1167 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 12th Century of the common era (1167 CE to 1200 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dstnf8": {"id": "p0kh9dstnf8", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C13", "label": "13th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Thirteenth Century", "13th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1201"}, "label": "1201 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "1300 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 13th Century of the common era (1201 CE to 1300 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsb7gb": {"id": "p0kh9dsb7gb", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC13", "label": "Early 13th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Thirteenth Century", "Early 13th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dstnf8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1201"}, "label": "1201 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1232"}, "label": "1232 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 13th Century of the common era (1201 CE to 1232 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsd2tf": {"id": "p0kh9dsd2tf", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC13", "label": "Mid 13th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Thirteenth Century", "Mid 13th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dstnf8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1233"}, "label": "1233 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1266"}, "label": "1266 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 13th Century of the common era (1233 CE to 1266 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsg9mw": {"id": "p0kh9dsg9mw", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC13", "label": "Late 13th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Thirteenth Century", "Late 13th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dstnf8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1267"}, "label": "1267 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "1300 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 13th Century of the common era (1267 CE to 1300 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds63s3": {"id": "p0kh9ds63s3", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C14", "label": "14th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fourteenth Century", "14th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1301"}, "label": "1301 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 14th Century of the common era (1301 CE to 1400 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsd3tp": {"id": "p0kh9dsd3tp", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC14", "label": "Early 14th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Fourteenth Century", "Early 14th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds63s3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1301"}, "label": "1301 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1332"}, "label": "1332 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 14th Century of the common era (1301 CE to 1332 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsfrsj": {"id": "p0kh9dsfrsj", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC14", "label": "Mid 14th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Fourteenth Century", "Mid 14th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds63s3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1333"}, "label": "1333 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1366"}, "label": "1366 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 14th Century of the common era (1333 CE to 1366 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dshbg7": {"id": "p0kh9dshbg7", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC14", "label": "Late 14th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Fourteenth Century", "Late 14th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds63s3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1367"}, "label": "1367 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 14th Century of the common era (1367 CE to 1400 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds95n3": {"id": "p0kh9ds95n3", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C15", "label": "15th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fifteenth Century", "15th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1401"}, "label": "1401 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 15th Century of the common era (1401 CE to 1500 CE). For sites and buildings constructed in the Tudor period, double-index with Tudor.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dshr8j": {"id": "p0kh9dshr8j", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC15", "label": "Early 15th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Fifteenth Century", "Early 15th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds95n3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1401"}, "label": "1401 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1432"}, "label": "1432 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 15th Century of the common era (1401 CE to 1432 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dshkfq": {"id": "p0kh9dshkfq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC15", "label": "Mid 15th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Fifteenth Century", "Mid 15th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds95n3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1433"}, "label": "1433 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1466"}, "label": "1466 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 15th Century of the common era (1433 CE to 1466 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dss436": {"id": "p0kh9dss436", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC15", "label": "Late 15th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Fifteenth Century", "Late 15th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds95n3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1467"}, "label": "1467 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 15th Century of the common era (1467 CE to 1500 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dscvsv": {"id": "p0kh9dscvsv", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C16", "label": "16th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sixteenth Century", "16th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1501"}, "label": "1501 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 16th Century of the common era (1501 CE to 1600 CE). For sites and buildings constructed in the Tudor style double-index with Tudor or Elizabethan.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsn32q": {"id": "p0kh9dsn32q", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC16", "label": "Early 16th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Sixteenth Century", "Early 16th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dscvsv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1501"}, "label": "1501 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1532"}, "label": "1532 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 16th Century of the common era (1501 CE to 1532 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsm255": {"id": "p0kh9dsm255", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC16", "label": "Mid 16th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Sixteenth Century", "Mid 16th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dscvsv", "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1533"}, "label": "1533 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1566"}, "label": "1566 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 16th Century of the common era (1533 CE to 1566 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}]}, "p0kh9ds8fx9": {"id": "p0kh9ds8fx9", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC16", "label": "Late 16th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Sixteenth Century", "Late 16th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dscvsv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 16th Century of the common era (1567 CE to 1600 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsn8dz": {"id": "p0kh9dsn8dz", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C17", "label": "17th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seventeenth Century", "17th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1601"}, "label": "1601 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 17th Century of the common era (1601 CE to 1700 CE). For sites and buildings constructed in the Elizabthan, Stuart or Jacobean Style double-index with the appropriate term.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dss45r": {"id": "p0kh9dss45r", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC17", "label": "Early 17th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Seventeenth Century", "Early 17th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsn8dz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1601"}, "label": "1601 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1632"}, "label": "1632 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 17th Century of the common era (1601 CE to 1632 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsdd9k": {"id": "p0kh9dsdd9k", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC17", "label": "Mid 17th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Seventeenth Century", "Mid 17th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsn8dz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1633"}, "label": "1633 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1666"}, "label": "1666 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 17th Century of the common era (1633 CE to 1666 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsbzmx": {"id": "p0kh9dsbzmx", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC17", "label": "Late 17th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Seventeenth Century", "Late 17th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsn8dz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1667"}, "label": "1667 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 17th Century of the common era (1667 CE to 1700 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsx6jf": {"id": "p0kh9dsx6jf", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C18", "label": "18th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eighteenth Century", "18th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1701"}, "label": "1701 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 18th Century of the common era (1701 CE to 1800 CE). For sites and buildings constructed in the Stuart or Georgian periods double-index with the appropriate term.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsbhnv": {"id": "p0kh9dsbhnv", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC18", "label": "Early 18th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Eighteenth Century", "Early 18th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsx6jf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1701"}, "label": "1701 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1732"}, "label": "1732 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 18th Century of the common era (1701 CE to 1732 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsfqfb": {"id": "p0kh9dsfqfb", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC18", "label": "Mid 18th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Eighteenth Century", "Mid 18th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsx6jf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1733"}, "label": "1733 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1766"}, "label": "1766 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 18th Century of the common era (1733 CE to 1766 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsm4f2": {"id": "p0kh9dsm4f2", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC18", "label": "Late 18th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Eighteenth Century", "Late 18th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsx6jf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1767"}, "label": "1767 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 18th Century of the common era (1767 CE to 1800 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9ds4xhg": {"id": "p0kh9ds4xhg", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/C19", "label": "19th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nineteenth Century", "19th Century"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900 CE"}, "note": "Use for phases and events dating to the 19th Century of the common era (1801 CE to 1900 CE). For sites and buildings constructed in the Georgian or Victorian periods double-index with the appropriate term.", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsxxjv": {"id": "p0kh9dsxxjv", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/EC19", "label": "Early 19th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Nineteenth Century", "Early 19th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds4xhg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1832"}, "label": "1832 CE"}, "note": "The first third of the 19th Century of the common era (1801 CE to 1832 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsv8h7": {"id": "p0kh9dsv8h7", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MC19", "label": "Mid 19th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Nineteenth Century", "Mid 19th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds4xhg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1833"}, "label": "1833 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1866"}, "label": "1866 CE"}, "note": "The second third of the 19th Century of the common era (1833 CE to 1866 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsnhb7": {"id": "p0kh9dsnhb7", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LC19", "label": "Late 19th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Nineteenth Century", "Late 19th Century"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds4xhg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1867"}, "label": "1867 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900 CE"}, "note": "The final third of the 19th Century of the common era (1867 CE to 1900 CE).", "editorialNote": "September 2024 - new period to reflect latest data as published May 2024"}, "p0kh9dsjg9z": {"id": "p0kh9dsjg9z", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/CAR", "label": "Caroline", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Caroline"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds6f4n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1625"}, "label": "1625 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1649"}, "label": "1649 CE"}, "note": "Dating to the reign of King Charles I (1625 CE to 1649 CE).", "editorialNote": "Added to existing vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9ds6kz6": {"id": "p0kh9ds6kz6", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/GCEN", "label": "Cenozoic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cenozoic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "-64999999"}, "label": "65000000 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2026"}, "label": "2026 CE"}, "note": "The youngest era of the Phanerozoic. It follows the Mesozoic, extending from about 65 million years ago to the present. During the Cenozoic, flora and fauna evolved toward their present state and the continents assumed their modern configuration. The Cenozoic comprises two periods: the Tertiary (with its five epochs) and the Quaternary.", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11", "broader": "p0kh9ds2nxh"}, "p0kh9ds2nxh": {"id": "p0kh9ds2nxh", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/GPHA", "label": "Phanerozoic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phanerozoic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "-541999999"}, "label": "542000000 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2026"}, "label": "2026 CE"}, "note": "The Phanerozoic is the current eon in the geologic time scale. It extends from approximately 542 million years ago until the present and is marked by the rapid expansion and evolution of life forms allowed by the development of plants carrying out photosynthesis, thus releasing oxygen into the atmosphere. It contains the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras.", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9ds7wqn": {"id": "p0kh9ds7wqn", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ERO", "label": "Early Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Earlier Roman", "Early Roman"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9nsj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0138"}, "label": "138 CE"}, "note": "The first subdivision of the Roman period corresponding roughly with the period between the Roman Invasion (43CE) and the end of the Hadrianic period (138CE).", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9dsjzbw": {"id": "p0kh9dsjzbw", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/ECW", "label": "English Civil War", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Civil War"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsdd9k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1642"}, "label": "1642 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1651"}, "label": "1651 CE"}, "note": "The period of the mid 17th Century which saw a series of civil wars between Royalists and Parliamentarians (1642 CE to 1651 CE).", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9dsh5z3": {"id": "p0kh9dsh5z3", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/HMD", "label": "High Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Mediaeval", "High Middle Ages", "High Medieval"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dscbkd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1001"}, "label": "1001 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400 CE"}, "note": "The period of European history that lasted from the 11th to the 14th Century (1001 CE to 1400 CE)", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9dstb75": {"id": "p0kh9dstb75", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/QHOL", "label": "Holocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Holocene"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "-11999"}, "label": "12000 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2026"}, "label": "2026 CE"}, "note": "The second epoch of the Quaternary and the most recent geologic interval of time. It extends from about 12,000 BCE to the present. It coincides with the late and post-Stone Age history of the human species.", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11", "broader": "p0kh9ds7vns"}, "p0kh9ds7w94": {"id": "p0kh9ds7w94", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/COM", "label": "Interregnum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Commonwealth", "Protectorate", "Interregnum"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsdd9k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1649"}, "label": "1649 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660 CE"}, "note": "The period between the execution of Charles I and the restoration of the monarchy in 1660. During this time the monarchy was replaced by a political structure known as the Commonwealth led by the Lord Protector, Oliver Cromwell (1649 CE to 1660 CE).", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9dsmqsd": {"id": "p0kh9dsmqsd", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/INTER", "label": "Interwar", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interwar"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dstffb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939 CE"}, "note": "The period of the 20th Century that begins with the end of the FIrst World War and ends with the start of the Second World War (1919 CE to 1939 CE).", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9dsx8hn": {"id": "p0kh9dsx8hn", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LMD", "label": "Late Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mediaeval", "Late Middle Ages", "Late Medieval"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dscbkd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1333"}, "label": "1333 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1565"}, "label": "1565 CE"}, "note": "The period of European history that lasted from the 14th to the Mid 16th Century (1333 CE to 1565 CE).", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9ds8hkt": {"id": "p0kh9ds8hkt", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/LRO", "label": "Late Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Roman", "Late Antique", "Late Roman"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9nsj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "410 CE"}, "note": "The final subdivision of the Roman period corresponding to the period between the end of the Severan Period and 410 CE (Circa. 235 CE to 410 CE)", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9dsf9zn": {"id": "p0kh9dsf9zn", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/MRO", "label": "Mid Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Roman"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds9nsj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0138"}, "label": "138 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235 CE"}, "note": "The second subdivision of the Roman period corresponding to the period between the start of the Antonine period (138CE) and the end of the Severan period (235CE).", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9dsxshj": {"id": "p0kh9dsxshj", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/QPLE", "label": "Pleistocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pleistocene"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2599999"}, "label": "2600000 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9999"}, "label": "10000 BCE"}, "note": "On the geologic time scale the earlier and longer epoch of the Quaternary. The Pleistocene extends from about 2.6 million years ago to 10,000 BCE. It is best known as the time when Earth entered its most recent period of glaciation.", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11", "broader": "p0kh9ds7vns"}, "p0kh9ds7vns": {"id": "p0kh9ds7vns", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/QUA", "label": "Quaternary", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Quaternary"]}, "broader": "p0kh9ds6kz6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2599999"}, "label": "2600000 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2026"}, "label": "2026 CE"}, "note": "The Quaternary is the second major division of geologic time in the Cenozoic era, following the Tertiary period. It extends from about 2.6 million years ago to the present. It is divided into Pleistocene and Holocene epochs.", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9dsgc8g": {"id": "p0kh9dsgc8g", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/REG", "label": "Regency", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Regency"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dst3vc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1811"}, "label": "1811 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1820"}, "label": "1820 CE"}, "note": "The period between 1811 and 1820, following the relapse of George III, when his son George, Prince of Wales, was appointed Prince Regent to discharge royal functions.", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9ds9kmv": {"id": "p0kh9ds9kmv", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/REST", "label": "Restoration", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Restoration"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsbzmx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1685"}, "label": "1685 CE"}, "note": "The period following the reinstatement of the Stuart Monarchy in 1660. Often used to refer to the reign of Charles II (1660 CE to 1685 CE).", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}, "p0kh9dswcc2": {"id": "p0kh9dswcc2", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period/concepts/VIK", "label": "Viking", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Viking"]}, "broader": "p0kh9dsmf3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "1050 CE"}, "note": "Defined as the period of initial settlement following on from a period of Viking (raiding) activities and initial contact. (800CE to 1050 CE).", "editorialNote": "Added to original vocabulary 2026-02-11"}}, "editorialNote": "Historic England Periods is a key guide for dating Britain's historic sites and monuments. The list is made available via the Forum on Information Standards in Heritage (FISH - see https://heritage-standards.org.uk/chronology/). The data has subsequently been converted to SKOS RDF format and published as Linked Open Data at http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_period\nTwo significant updates to the originally published list (May 2024 and February 2026) have been reflected in this dataset."}, "p0swbsk": {"source": {"title": "The Hittites and their contemporaries in Asia Minor", "yearPublished": 1986, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14372285", "creators": [{"name": "Macqueen, J. G. (James G.)", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/2384353#Person/macqueen_j_g_james_g"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0swbsk", "periods": {"p0swbsk732x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0swbsk732x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neo-Hittite"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14372285", "locator": "page 154"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Neo-Hittite", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Middle East", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0swbskg2hs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2599"}, "label": "c. 2600 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0swbskg2hs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14372285", "locator": "page 18"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Bronze Age II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Middle East", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0kc8t6": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Discovering the royal tombs at Ur.", "contributors": [{"name": "Glubok, Shirley,", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/266831006"}], "yearPublished": 1969, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/31307", "creators": [{"name": "Woolley, Leonard, 1880-1960.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/88797443"}]}, "locator": "page 10"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0kc8t6", "periods": {"p0kc8t6g2xc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kc8t6g2xc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uruk (Warka) Period", "Uruk Period", "Warka Period"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "ca. 3500 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Uruk (Warka) Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kc8t6vm8m": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kc8t6vm8m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neo-Babylonian Period"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0625"}, "label": "626 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Neo-Babylonian Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0538"}, "label": "539 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kc8t6fk57": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kc8t6fk57", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neo-Sumerian Period"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2112"}, "label": "ca. 2113 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Neo-Sumerian Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2005"}, "label": "2006 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kc8t6hzwz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kc8t6hzwz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ubaid Period"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Ubaid Period", "editorialNote": "Neo-Assyrian 717-612 B.C. was listed in GeoDia but not found in the book on page 20.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kc8t6cw6p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kc8t6cw6p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Dynastic Period"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "ca. 2900 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Early Dynastic Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2369"}, "label": "2370 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kc8t67rhg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kc8t67rhg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jemdet Nasr Period"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "ca. 3100 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Jemdet Nasr Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kc8t6d2b6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kc8t6d2b6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Isin-Larsa Period"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2019"}, "label": "ca. 2020 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Isin-Larsa Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kc8t6n8fr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kc8t6n8fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Akkad Period"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2369"}, "label": "ca. 2370 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Akkad Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2229"}, "label": "2230 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p05krdx": {"source": {"title": "Sandy Pylos : an archaeological history from Nestor to Navarino", "contributors": [{"name": "Alcock, Susan E.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/14872681"}, {"name": "Davis, Jack L.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/34515705"}], "yearPublished": 1998, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p05krdx", "periods": {"p05krdx2s4g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "ca. 3100 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdx2s4g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 307"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Early Helladic I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2649"}, "label": "ca. 2650 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdx596r": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "ca. 700 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdx596r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic Period", "Archaic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 308"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Archaic Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "480 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdxx73v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "31 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdxx73v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Period", "Roman"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 308"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Roman Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "ca. 400 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdxjwvz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdxjwvz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dark Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 308"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Dark Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdxwgcc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdxwgcc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Modern Era"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 309"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Early Modern Era", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1950"}, "label": "1950 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdxp8np": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "ca. 2200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdxp8np", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 307"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Early Helladic III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2049"}, "label": "2050 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdx9f8n": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204 A.D. "}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdx9f8n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frankish Period", "Frankish"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 309"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Frankish Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1430"}, "label": "1430 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdxb9jd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "ca. 6000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdxb9jd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 307"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Neolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdxcxzz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2649"}, "label": "ca. 2650 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdxcxzz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 307"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Early Helladic II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdxzxzd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "c. 1400 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdxzxzd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic IIIA"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 307"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Late Helladic IIIA", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdxmbs4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1715"}, "label": "1715 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdxmbs4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Ottoman Period", "Second Ottoman"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "pages 247, 261, 309"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1247159", "label": "Messenia"}], "label": "Second Ottoman Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Pylos", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1827"}, "label": "1827 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05krdxxt2k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "c. 1600 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05krdxxt2k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37663433", "locator": "page 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"editorialNote": "check map references", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46858003", "locator": "page 210"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}], "label": "La Tène Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "La Tène (north-west Switzerland), Bohemia, Marne-Champagne, Mosel-Rhineland", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0049"}, "label": "50 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ff3dtsspk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "c.1200 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ff3dtsspk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt Iron Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46858003", "locator": "page 210"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Hallstatt Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "west-central Austria", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "480 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ff3dtxq82": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ff3dtxq82", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène B"]}, "editorialNote": "check map references", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46858003", "locator": "page 210"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}], "label": "La Tène B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "La Tène (north-west Switzerland), Bohemia, Marne-Champagne, Mosel-Rhineland", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0249"}, "label": "250 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0z3skm": {"source": {"title": "Archaeology of the land of the Bible, 10,000-586 B.C.E", "yearPublished": 1992, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "creators": [{"name": "Mazar, Amihai, (1942- ).,", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/111847595"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0z3skm", "periods": {"p0z3skm4b3s": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1749", "earliestYear": "-1799"}, "label": "1800/1750 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skm4b3s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze IIB-C"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Middle Bronze IIB-C", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "1550 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmq3t5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1149"}, "label": "1150 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmq3t5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron IB"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Iron IB", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmtsgh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-8499"}, "label": "ca. 8500 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmtsgh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic A"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic A", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7499"}, "label": "7500 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skm9z24": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skm9z24", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron I"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Iron I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skm32t6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4299"}, "label": "4300 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skm32t6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chalcolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Chalcolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmn58v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmn58v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron IA"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Iron IA", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1149"}, "label": "1150 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmksbc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0721"}, "label": "722 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmksbc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron IIC"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Iron IIC", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0585"}, "label": "586 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skm3tsc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skm3tsc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze IIA-B"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Late Bronze IIA-B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmxq8p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmxq8p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze I"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Early Bronze I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3049"}, "label": "3050 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmqqqg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4999"}, "label": "5000 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmqqqg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pottery Neolithic B"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Pottery Neolithic B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4299"}, "label": "4300 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skm9xgs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skm9xgs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze IV/Middle Bronze I"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Early Bronze IV/Middle Bronze I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skm5c7p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skm5c7p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze", "Middle Bronze Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Middle Bronze", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "1550 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmcbfx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "1550 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmcbfx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze I"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Late Bronze I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmhvm4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "1550 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmhvm4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze", "Late Bronze Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Late Bronze", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmkqhf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmkqhf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze", "Early Bronze Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Early Bronze", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmvv5c": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1899"}, "label": "1900 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmvv5c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Canaanite culture", "Canaanite"]}, "editorialNote": "removed Neo-Assyrian (722-586 B.C.) and Neo-Babylonian (586-539 B.C.) since not explicit, and added new sources Amitai, Barton, Savage, King/Stager, and Richard. ", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 174"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}], "label": "Canaanite culture", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine, Egypt, Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmhhzg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-7499"}, "label": "7500 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmhhzg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic B"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "6000 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmgf99": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmgf99", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron", "Iron Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Iron", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0585"}, "label": "586 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmnss7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmnss7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze", "Bronze Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Bronze", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmxw56": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3049"}, "label": "3050 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmxw56", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze II-III"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Early Bronze II-III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skm2r46": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skm2r46", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron IIA"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Iron IIA", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0924"}, "label": "925 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmt4t7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmt4t7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron II"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Iron II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0585"}, "label": "586 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skm7q76": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skm7q76", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phoenician culture", "Phoenician"]}, "editorialNote": "removed Neo-Assyrian (722-586 B.C.) and Neo-Babylonian (586-539 B.C.) since not explicit, and added new sources Amitai, Barton, Savage, King/Stager, and Richard. ", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 356-357"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}], "label": "Phoenician culture", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Israel, Phoenicia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmsqwn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmsqwn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze IIA"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Middle Bronze IIA", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1749", "earliestYear": "-1799"}, "label": "1800/1750 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmxsjx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "6000 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmxsjx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pottery Neolithic A"]}, "editorialNote": "Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Pottery Neolithic A", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4999"}, "label": "5000 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z3skmzq39": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0924"}, "label": "925 B.C.E."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z3skmzq39", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron IIB"]}, "editorialNote": "Rows 637-658 were previously incorrectly attributed to Winks and Mattern-Parkes, 2004 in GeoDia, and thus also in Krueger, 2013, pp.43-44. Spatial_coverage_name per n.1 page 33: \"Like the editors of IEJ, I find the name 'Palestine' the most suitable geographical term denoting the modern states of Israel and Jordan.\"1992, page 30.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489888536", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "label": "Iron IIB", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0721"}, "label": "722 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0trc5r": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Colorado prehistory : a context for the Southern Colorado River Basin", "contributors": [{"name": "Varien, Mark.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/19970435"}, {"name": "Colorado Council of Professional Archaeologists.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/152717948"}, {"name": "Crow Canyon Archaeological Center.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/150216555"}, {"name": "Lipe, William D.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/267694985"}, {"name": "Wilshusen, Richard H.", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/906131235#Person/wilshusen_richard_h"}], "yearPublished": "1999", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43853631", "creators": []}, "locator": "vii–ix"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0trc5r", "editorialNote": "These are the primary Pecos periods (Basketmaker II – Pueblo III) as derived from the 1999 Colorado \"context document.\" Being part of the Colorado contexts, these periods are specific to southwestern Colorado; however, they have been generally applied across the Four Corners region and broader San Juan basin. Period definitions are given at the title of each chapter of the Contexts; the \"locator within source\" points to the table of contents.", "periods": {"p0trc5r775r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0trc5r775r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo III", "P III", "PIII"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1150"}, "label": "AD 1150"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southwestern Colorado / San Juan Basin", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "AD 1300"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0trc5r9m26": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0trc5r9m26", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Basketmaker II", "BM II", "BMII"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Basketmaker II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southwestern Colorado / San Juan Basin", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "AD 500"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0trc5rrvgf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0trc5rrvgf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Basketmaker III", "BM III", "BMIII"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "AD 500"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Basketmaker III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southwestern Colorado / San Juan Basin", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "AD 750"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0trc5rmnng": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0trc5rmnng", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo II", "P II", "PII"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "AD 900"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southwestern Colorado / San Juan Basin", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1150"}, "label": "AD 1150"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0trc5rr9b4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0trc5rr9b4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo I", "P I", "PI"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "AD 750"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southwestern Colorado / San Juan Basin", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "AD 900"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0244q7": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "The Oxford classical dictionary.", "contributors": [{"name": "Hornblower, Simon.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/66565783"}, {"name": "Spawforth, Antony (Antony J.S.)", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/29582600"}], "yearPublished": 2003, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783109160"}, "locator": "page 561"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0244q7", "periods": {"p0244q7v2hf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0244q7v2hf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Etruscan"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0508"}, "label": "509 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0615"}, "label": "616 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Etruscan", "editorialNote": "\"Etruscans\" entry.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "pre-Roman Italy", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p03tcss": {"source": {"url": "https://www.betamasaheft.uni-hamburg.de/en.html", "title": "Beta maṣāḥǝft: Manuscripts of Ethiopia and Eritrea", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "yearPublished": "2017", "creators": [{"name": "Alessandro Bausi"}, {"name": "Pietro Maria Liuzzo"}, {"name": "Denis Nosnitsin"}, {"name": "Dorothea Reule"}, {"name": "Eugenia Sokolinski"}, {"name": "Solomon Gebreyes Beyene"}, {"name": "Massimo Villa"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p03tcss", "editorialNote": "The project Beta maṣāḥǝft: Manuscripts of Ethiopia and Eritrea (Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens: eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung) is a long-term project funded within the framework of the Academies' Programme (coordinated by the Union of the German Academies of Sciences and Humanities) under survey of the Akademie der Wissenschaften in Hamburg. The funding will be provided for 25 years, from 2016–2040. The project is hosted by the Hiob Ludolf Centre for Ethiopian Studies at the University of Hamburg. It aims at creating a virtual research environment that shall manage complex data related to predominantly Christian manuscript tradition of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Highlands.\n\nThe periods list is based on the traditional subdivision of Ethiopian history as it appears in E. Cerulli, La letteratura etiopica (Florence: Sansoni, 1968).", "periods": {"p03tcss4qvv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300 CE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700 CE"}, "url": "http://betamasaheft.aai.uni-hamburg.de/authority-files/Aks", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Aksumite"]}, "id": "p03tcss4qvv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986", "label": "Eritrea"}], "label": "Aksumite", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia and Eritrea", "note": "Derived from Cerulli 1968.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03tcssrjvk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200 CE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1433"}, "label": "1433 CE"}, "url": "http://betamasaheft.aai.uni-hamburg.de/authority-files/Paks1", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Postaksumite I"]}, "id": "p03tcssrjvk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986", "label": "Eritrea"}], "label": "Postaksumite I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia and Eritrea", "note": "Derived from Cerulli 1968.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03tcssvm7f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1434"}, "label": "1434 CE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1632"}, "label": "1632 CE"}, "url": "http://betamasaheft.aai.uni-hamburg.de/authority-files/Paks2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Postaksumite II"]}, "id": "p03tcssvm7f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986", "label": "Eritrea"}], "label": "Postaksumite II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia and Eritrea", "note": "Derived from Cerulli 1968.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03tcssvtwm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1769"}, "label": "1769 CE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1855"}, "label": "1855 CE"}, "url": "http://betamasaheft.aai.uni-hamburg.de/authority-files/ZaMa", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zamana Masāfǝnt"]}, "id": "p03tcssvtwm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986", "label": "Eritrea"}], "label": "Zamana Masāfǝnt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia and Eritrea", "note": "Derived from Cerulli 1968.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03tcssfc3r": {"id": "p03tcssfc3r", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1974"}, "label": "1974 CE"}, "url": "http://betamasaheft.aai.uni-hamburg.de/authority-files/MoPe", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986", "label": "Eritrea"}], "editorialNote": "\n\n", "start": {"in": {"year": "1855"}, "label": "1855 CE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern Period"]}, "label": "Modern Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia and Eritrea", "note": "Derived from Cerulli 1968.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03tcssdh3k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1632"}, "label": "1632 CE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1769"}, "label": "1769 CE"}, "url": "http://betamasaheft.aai.uni-hamburg.de/authority-files/Gon", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gondarine"]}, "id": "p03tcssdh3k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986", "label": "Eritrea"}], "label": "Gondarine", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia and Eritrea", "note": "Derived from Cerulli 1968.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03tcsst5z3": {"stop": {"label": "1 BCE", "in": {"year": "0000"}}, "start": {"label": "1000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986", "label": "Eritrea"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia and Eritrea", "note": "This definition was not derived from Cerulli 1968, but provided directly by Bausi.", "label": "South-Arabian, Pre-Aksumite and Proto-Aksumite", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Added at the request of project participant Pietro Liuzzo per email communication.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["South-Arabian, Pre-Aksumite and Proto-Aksumite"]}, "id": "p03tcsst5z3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03tcsstdn7": {"stop": {"label": "300 CE", "in": {"year": "0300"}}, "start": {"label": "1 CE", "in": {"year": "0001"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986", "label": "Eritrea"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia and Eritrea", "note": "This definition was not derived from Cerulli 1968, but provided directly by Bausi.", "label": "Early Aksumite", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Added at the request of project participant Pietro Liuzzo per email communication.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Aksumite"]}, "id": "p03tcsstdn7", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0v28d2": {"source": {"title": "The complete Pompeii", "yearPublished": 2007, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/141380307", "creators": [{"name": "Berry, Joanne, 1971-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/116074325"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0v28d2", "periods": {"p0v28d2jq3m": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0v28d2jq3m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0849"}, "label": "850 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43332", "label": "Pompeii"}], "label": "Early Iron Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p089gcf": {"source": {"title": "The neolithic revolution in the Near East : transforming the human landscape", "contributors": [], "yearPublished": "2007", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70174909", "creators": [{"name": "Alan H. Simmons", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/41874275"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p089gcf", "editorialNote": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (Table 6.1); Cypriot Neolithic (Table 9.1).", "periods": {"p089gcf9dmc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6350"}, "label": "8300 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Based on Kuijt and Goring-Morris (2002: 366). Foraging, Farming, and Social Complexity in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of the Southern Levant: A Review and Synthesis. Journal of World Prehistory 16: 361-440.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5950"}, "label": "7900 BP"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 124"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Near East; Southwest Asia; Levant", "id": "p089gcf9dmc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcfjm4b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-7550"}, "label": "9500 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Based on Kuijt and Goring-Morris (2002: 366). Foraging, Farming, and Social Complexity in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of the Southern Levant: A Review and Synthesis. Journal of World Prehistory 16: 361-440.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7350"}, "label": "9300 BP"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 124"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Near East; Southwest Asia; Levant", "id": "p089gcfjm4b", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcfwdc3": {"id": "p089gcfwdc3", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7150"}, "label": "9100 BP"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Early Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "editorialNote": "Start date has ?.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-7550"}, "label": "9500 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "Early CPPNB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 234"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "note": "Compiled from several sources, including Bolger (2003: 214)[1]; Hood (personal communication 2004); Peltenberg (2003b: 99)[2]; and Peltenburg et al. (2001a: 65)[3]. Table includes conventional (uncalibrated) and calibrated equivalents, which are rounded and approximate. [1]Gender in Ancient Cyprus: Narratives of Social Change on a Mediterranean Island. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, CA. [2]Conclusions: Mylouthkia I and the Early Colonists of Cyprus. In Edgar Peltenburg (ed.), The Colonisation and Settlement of Cyprus. Investigations at Kissonerga-Mylouthkia, 1976-1996. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology vol. 70:4. Paul Astroms Forlag, Savedalen, pp. 83-103. [3]Well-Established Colonists: Mylouthkia I and the Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B. In Stuart Swiny (ed.), The Earliest Prehistory of Cyprus: From Colonization to Exploitation. Archaeological Reports No. 5, American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, pp. 61-93.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcf54zc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6050"}, "label": "8000 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Compiled from several sources, including Bolger (2003: 214)[1]; Hood (personal communication 2004); Peltenberg (2003b: 99)[2]; and Peltenburg et al. (2001a: 65)[3]. Table includes conventional (uncalibrated) and calibrated equivalents, which are rounded and approximate. [1]Gender in Ancient Cyprus: Narratives of Social Change on a Mediterranean Island. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, CA. [2]Conclusions: Mylouthkia I and the Early Colonists of Cyprus. In Edgar Peltenburg (ed.), The Colonisation and Settlement of Cyprus. Investigations at Kissonerga-Mylouthkia, 1976-1996. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology vol. 70:4. Paul Astroms Forlag, Savedalen, pp. 83-103. [3]Well-Established Colonists: Mylouthkia I and the Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B. In Stuart Swiny (ed.), The Earliest Prehistory of Cyprus: From Colonization to Exploitation. Archaeological Reports No. 5, American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, pp. 61-93.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Khirokitia Culture"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4550"}, "label": "6500 BP"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 234"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Khirokitia Culture", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "id": "p089gcf54zc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcf3c8s": {"id": "p089gcf3c8s", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8250"}, "label": "10,200 BP"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Akrotiri Phase", "editorialNote": "Start date has ?.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-8850"}, "label": "10,800 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Akrotiri Phase"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 234"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "note": "Compiled from several sources, including Bolger (2003: 214)[1]; Hood (personal communication 2004); Peltenberg (2003b: 99)[2]; and Peltenburg et al. (2001a: 65)[3]. Table includes conventional (uncalibrated) and calibrated equivalents, which are rounded and approximate. [1]Gender in Ancient Cyprus: Narratives of Social Change on a Mediterranean Island. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, CA. [2]Conclusions: Mylouthkia I and the Early Colonists of Cyprus. In Edgar Peltenburg (ed.), The Colonisation and Settlement of Cyprus. Investigations at Kissonerga-Mylouthkia, 1976-1996. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology vol. 70:4. Paul Astroms Forlag, Savedalen, pp. 83-103. [3]Well-Established Colonists: Mylouthkia I and the Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B. In Stuart Swiny (ed.), The Earliest Prehistory of Cyprus: From Colonization to Exploitation. Archaeological Reports No. 5, American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, pp. 61-93.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcfhjgj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-7150"}, "label": "9100 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Compiled from several sources, including Bolger (2003: 214)[1]; Hood (personal communication 2004); Peltenberg (2003b: 99)[2]; and Peltenburg et al. (2001a: 65)[3]. Table includes conventional (uncalibrated) and calibrated equivalents, which are rounded and approximate. [1]Gender in Ancient Cyprus: Narratives of Social Change on a Mediterranean Island. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, CA. [2]Conclusions: Mylouthkia I and the Early Colonists of Cyprus. In Edgar Peltenburg (ed.), The Colonisation and Settlement of Cyprus. Investigations at Kissonerga-Mylouthkia, 1976-1996. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology vol. 70:4. Paul Astroms Forlag, Savedalen, pp. 83-103. [3]Well-Established Colonists: Mylouthkia I and the Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B. In Stuart Swiny (ed.), The Earliest Prehistory of Cyprus: From Colonization to Exploitation. Archaeological Reports No. 5, American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, pp. 61-93.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "Middle CPPNB"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6550"}, "label": "8500 BP"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 234"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Middle Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "id": "p089gcfhjgj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcf5b27": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5950"}, "label": "7900 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Based on Kuijt and Goring-Morris (2002: 366). Foraging, Farming, and Social Complexity in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of the Southern Levant: A Review and Synthesis. Journal of World Prehistory 16: 361-440.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic C"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5550"}, "label": "7500 BP"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 124"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic C", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Near East; Southwest Asia; Levant", "id": "p089gcf5b27", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcffn57": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4150"}, "label": "6100 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Compiled from several sources, including Bolger (2003: 214)[1]; Hood (personal communication 2004); Peltenberg (2003b: 99)[2]; and Peltenburg et al. (2001a: 65)[3]. Table includes conventional (uncalibrated) and calibrated equivalents, which are rounded and approximate. [1]Gender in Ancient Cyprus: Narratives of Social Change on a Mediterranean Island. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, CA. [2]Conclusions: Mylouthkia I and the Early Colonists of Cyprus. In Edgar Peltenburg (ed.), The Colonisation and Settlement of Cyprus. Investigations at Kissonerga-Mylouthkia, 1976-1996. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology vol. 70:4. Paul Astroms Forlag, Savedalen, pp. 83-103. [3]Well-Established Colonists: Mylouthkia I and the Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B. In Stuart Swiny (ed.), The Earliest Prehistory of Cyprus: From Colonization to Exploitation. Archaeological Reports No. 5, American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, pp. 61-93.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sotira Culture"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3050"}, "label": "5000 BP"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 234"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Sotira Culture", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "id": "p089gcffn57", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcfhrm9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6550"}, "label": "8500 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Compiled from several sources, including Bolger (2003: 214)[1]; Hood (personal communication 2004); Peltenberg (2003b: 99)[2]; and Peltenburg et al. (2001a: 65)[3]. Table includes conventional (uncalibrated) and calibrated equivalents, which are rounded and approximate. [1]Gender in Ancient Cyprus: Narratives of Social Change on a Mediterranean Island. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, CA. [2]Conclusions: Mylouthkia I and the Early Colonists of Cyprus. In Edgar Peltenburg (ed.), The Colonisation and Settlement of Cyprus. Investigations at Kissonerga-Mylouthkia, 1976-1996. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology vol. 70:4. Paul Astroms Forlag, Savedalen, pp. 83-103. [3]Well-Established Colonists: Mylouthkia I and the Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B. In Stuart Swiny (ed.), The Earliest Prehistory of Cyprus: From Colonization to Exploitation. Archaeological Reports No. 5, American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, pp. 61-93.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "Late CPPNB"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6050"}, "label": "8000 BP"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 234"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Late Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "id": "p089gcfhrm9", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcfd5g2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-7350"}, "label": "9300 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Based on Kuijt and Goring-Morris (2002: 366). Foraging, Farming, and Social Complexity in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of the Southern Levant: A Review and Synthesis. Journal of World Prehistory 16: 361-440.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Pre-Pottery Neolithic B"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6350"}, "label": "8300 BP"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 124"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Middle Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Near East; Southwest Asia; Levant", "id": "p089gcfd5g2", "languageTag": "en"}, "p089gcfch8m": {"id": "p089gcfch8m", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7550"}, "label": "9500 BP"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Possible Pre-Pottery Neolithic A", "editorialNote": "Start date, Label, and Alternate Label have ?.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-8250"}, "label": "10,200 BP"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Possible Pre-Pottery Neolithic A", "Possible PPNA"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802058017", "locator": "page 234"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "note": "Compiled from several sources, including Bolger (2003: 214)[1]; Hood (personal communication 2004); Peltenberg (2003b: 99)[2]; and Peltenburg et al. (2001a: 65)[3]. Table includes conventional (uncalibrated) and calibrated equivalents, which are rounded and approximate. [1]Gender in Ancient Cyprus: Narratives of Social Change on a Mediterranean Island. AltaMira, Walnut Creek, CA. [2]Conclusions: Mylouthkia I and the Early Colonists of Cyprus. In Edgar Peltenburg (ed.), The Colonisation and Settlement of Cyprus. Investigations at Kissonerga-Mylouthkia, 1976-1996. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology vol. 70:4. Paul Astroms Forlag, Savedalen, pp. 83-103. [3]Well-Established Colonists: Mylouthkia I and the Cypro-Pre-Pottery Neolithic B. In Stuart Swiny (ed.), The Earliest Prehistory of Cyprus: From Colonization to Exploitation. Archaeological Reports No. 5, American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, pp. 61-93.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0qhb66": {"source": {"citation": "ARIADNE Consortium. \"ARIADNE Data Collection\". 2015. http://www.ariadne-infrastructure.eu/Resources/PeriodO/documentation.", "title": "ARIADNE Data Collection", "url": "http://www.ariadne-infrastructure.eu/Resources/PeriodO/documentation", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "yearPublished": "2015", "creators": [{"name": "ARIADNE Consortium"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0qhb66", "editorialNote": "Periodizations gathered from ARIADNE partners on the national level in a series of EU countries, as well as periodizations from some non-EU Fasti Online contributors. Some of the definitions are derived from other PeriodO collections; where this is the case, a note has been included with the PeriodO URI of the definition from which it is derived.", "periods": {"p0qhb666z72": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb666z72", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"], "sr-Cyrl": ["римски"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0564"}, "label": "1436 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0168"}, "label": "2168 BP (2000)"}, "label": "римски", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl"}, "p0qhb66tmdw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3500"}, "label": "5500 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1051"}, "label": "3051 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Epoca Bronzului"], "en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "editorialNote": "This period is derived from the aggregation of three periods in the 2004 Fasti Periodization: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w44sk7, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4k8xg, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w47d2q.", "id": "p0qhb66tmdw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Epoca Bronzului", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro"}, "p0qhb66hjjk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0012"}, "label": "2012 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "1931 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Vroeg Romeinse Tijd"], "en": ["Early Roman"]}, "id": "p0qhb66hjjk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Vroeg Romeinse Tijd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/2afb3dea-241c-47a7-9f5b-1ce0163a114d", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptc2r8x"], "broader": "p0qhb66gj99"}, "p0qhb66sqrf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6600"}, "label": "8600 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5001"}, "label": "7001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolitic", "Neolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66sqrf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Neolitic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4c45d"]}, "p0qhb669f3m": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "340 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "0 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}, "id": "p0qhb669f3m", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Modern", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g88v93"]}, "p0qhb66hskp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-35000"}, "label": "37000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-18001"}, "label": "20001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Laat Paleolithicum A"], "en": ["Late Paleolithic A"]}, "id": "p0qhb66hskp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Laat Paleolithicum A", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/141b0f09-eaba-48a2-8963-bad3ac5146e3", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptcppjp"], "broader": "p0qhb66wsb3"}, "p0qhb66rdj4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0100"}, "label": "2100 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0042"}, "label": "1958 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66rdj4", "label": "Late Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Britain", "note": "English Heritage Periods List", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0kh9ds8p8k"]}, "p0qhb6667kj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0450"}, "label": "2450 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0001"}, "label": "2001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Jüngere Eisenzeit"], "en": ["Late Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb6667kj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Jüngere Eisenzeit", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "note": "Austrian Academy of Sciences", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66twxf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4800"}, "label": "6800 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4251"}, "label": "6251 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Mittel Neolithikum"], "en": ["Middle Neolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66twxf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Mittel Neolithikum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "note": "Austrian Academy of Sciences", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66drqx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "100 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "0 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}, "id": "p0qhb66drqx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q189", "label": "Iceland"}], "label": "Modern", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iceland", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g8p57k"]}, "p0qhb66wzxd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0750"}, "label": "2750 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0031"}, "label": "2031 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["železna doba"], "en": ["Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66wzxd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "železna doba", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w464hf"]}, "p0qhb66c638": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb66c638", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"], "it": ["Mesolitico"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5001"}, "label": "7001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "12000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Mesolitico", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy less Sicily, Sardinia, Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "it", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4z7d2"]}, "p0qhb663wv6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-40000"}, "label": "42000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10001"}, 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"mk", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4zmbm"]}, "p0qhb666h98": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0270"}, "label": "1730 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0449"}, "label": "1551 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Laat Romeinse Tijd"], "en": ["Late Roman"]}, "id": "p0qhb666h98", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Laat Romeinse Tijd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/15eaccb6-0739-4571-b518-88e5c081f74c", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptcctbj"], "broader": "p0qhb66gj99"}, "p0qhb664686": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3900"}, "label": "5900 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1701"}, "label": "3701 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb664686", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Neolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g8zpn4"]}, "p0qhb66w6bn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0450"}, "label": "2450 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0261"}, "label": "2261 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La Tène I"], "en": ["La Tène I"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from INRAP, but no match in the 2007 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66w6bn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "La Tène I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0qhb66ngdr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-36000"}, "label": "38000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/hu", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10001"}, "label": "12001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Palaeolithic"], "hu": ["felső paleolitikum"]}, "id": "p0qhb66ngdr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "felső paleolitikum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "note": "Hungarian National Museum", "languageTag": "hu"}, "p0qhb66dd6w": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-8200"}, "label": "10200 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4501"}, "label": "6501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66dd6w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Mesolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g8h995"]}, "p0qhb66q653": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb66q653", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Ältere Kupferzeit"], "en": ["Early Copper Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3401"}, "label": "5401 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4250"}, "label": "6250 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Ältere Kupferzeit", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66s9kt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb66s9kt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Crusader", "Crusader"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1488"}, "label": "512 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1191"}, "label": "809 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Crusader", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qhb666858": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-350000"}, "label": "352000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/hu", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-100001"}, "label": "102001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"], "hu": ["alsó paleolitikum"]}, "id": "p0qhb666858", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "alsó paleolitikum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "note": "Hungarian National Museum", "languageTag": "hu"}, "p0qhb66mjvw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb66mjvw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"], "sr-Cyrl": ["бронзано доба"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1101"}, "label": "3101 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2100"}, "label": "4100 BP (2000)"}, "label": "бронзано доба", "editorialNote": "This period is derived from the aggregation of three periods in the 2004 Fasti Periodization: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4d6hk, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4f2wb, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4z929.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl"}, "p0qhb66r7sv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4900"}, "label": "6900 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/bg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4601"}, "label": "6601 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Eneolithic"], "bg": ["ранен eнеолит"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66r7sv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "ранен eнеолит", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "note": "National Institute of Archaeology with Museum, Automated Information System \"Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\"", "languageTag": "bg"}, "p0qhb66xg5g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb66xg5g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republican"], "sr-Cyrl": ["републиканац"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0001"}, "label": "2001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0168"}, "label": "2168 BP (2000)"}, "label": "републиканац", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4wq7z"]}, "p0qhb668f69": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb668f69", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Mesolithikum"], "en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5601"}, "label": "7601 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-9550"}, "label": "11550 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Mesolithikum", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66pqs3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1540"}, "label": "460 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "100 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb66pqs3", "label": "Post Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Britain", "note": "English Heritage Periods List", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0kh9dsctsj"]}, "p0qhb66v2mr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6300"}, "label": "8300 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/bg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5501"}, "label": "7501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic"], "bg": ["ранен неолит"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66v2mr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "ранен неолит", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "note": "National Institute of Archaeology with Museum, Automated Information System \"Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\"", "languageTag": "bg"}, "p0qhb66wrtx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1187"}, "label": "813 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/bg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1395"}, "label": "605 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Medieval"], "bg": ["зряло средновековие"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66wrtx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "зряло средновековие", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "note": "National Institute of Archaeology with Museum, Automated Information System \"Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\"", "languageTag": "bg"}, "p0qhb662dz7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "950 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1536"}, "label": "464 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb662dz7", "label": "Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g8qpxx"]}, "p0qhb66c5vh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0976"}, "label": "1024 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1249"}, "label": "751 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Hochmittelalter"], "en": ["High Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb66c5vh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Hochmittelalter", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "note": "Austrian Academy of Sciences", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66hvdq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4400"}, "label": "6400 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/bg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3801"}, "label": "5801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Eneolithic"], "bg": ["късен eнеолит"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66hvdq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "късен eнеолит", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "note": "National Institute of Archaeology with Museum, Automated Information System \"Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\"", "languageTag": "bg"}, "p0qhb66cqgd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0375"}, "label": "1625 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0599"}, "label": "1401 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb66cqgd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Early Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g8w7zq"]}, "p0qhb66rmq5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66rmq5", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Maglemosekulturen"], "en": ["Maglemosian culture"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-7500"}, "label": "9500 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Maglemosekulturen", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6000"}, "label": "8000 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66gtm2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "2050 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0199"}, "label": "1801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Roman"], "es": ["Alto Romano"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66gtm2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": 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"p0qhb66rsmj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2000"}, "label": "4000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0801"}, "label": "2801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Bronstijd"], "en": ["Bronze age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66rsmj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Bronstijd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/8072a357-c9aa-4cd8-b8ba-c06a8e176431", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptchk66"], "broader": "p0qhb66qx5h"}, "p0qhb66f3nn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1000000"}, "label": "1002000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8801"}, "label": "10801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Paleolithicum"], "en": ["Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66f3nn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": 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{"en": ["Late Bronze Age", "Nuragic II"], "it": ["Tarda Età del Bronzo"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66pmfb", "label": "Tarda Età del Bronzo", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175286417", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66xjj8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-33000"}, "label": "35000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8201"}, "label": "10201 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Ανώτερη Παλαιολιθική"], "en": ["Late Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66xjj8", "label": "Ανώτερη Παλαιολιθική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece except Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el", "derivedFrom": ["p0339m9sqsd"]}, "p0qhb6644wz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "3100 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/bg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "1986 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"], "bg": ["желязна епоха"]}, "editorialNote": "This period is derived from the aggregation of two periods in the 2004 Fasti Periodization: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w45j9q, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4bf8s.", "id": "p0qhb6644wz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "желязна епоха", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "note": "National Institute of Archaeology with Museum, Automated Information System \"Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\"", "languageTag": "bg"}, "p0qhb66mvjk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb66mvjk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republican"], "it": ["Romano Repubblicano"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0028"}, "label": "2028 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0350"}, "label": "2350 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Romano Repubblicano", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy less Sicily, Sardinia, Tuscany, 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"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0001"}, "label": "2001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Förromersk järnålder"], "en": ["Pre-Roman Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66crw7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Förromersk järnålder", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "note": "SND", "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66kpmn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66kpmn", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Kongemosekulturen"], "en": ["Kongemose culture"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-6000"}, "label": "8000 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Kongemosekulturen", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5200"}, "label": "7200 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66vc85": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1250"}, "label": "3250 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1001"}, "label": "3001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["mlajša bronasta doba"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66vc85", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "mlajša bronasta doba", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl"}, "p0qhb669hgd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "2800 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0042"}, "label": "1958 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb669hgd", "label": "Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Britain", "note": "English Heritage Periods List", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0kh9dsj33x"]}, "p0qhb66kfr2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "163 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "100 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Victorian"]}, "id": "p0qhb66kfr2", "label": "Victorian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Britain", "note": "English Heritage Periods List", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0kh9dsxp46"]}, "p0qhb662trj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-350000"}, "label": "352000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-100001"}, "label": "102001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Κατώτερη Παλαιολιθική"], "en": ["Lower Paleolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Foundation of the Hellenic World, but no match in the 2000 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb662trj", "label": "Κατώτερη Παλαιολιθική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0qhb66b22p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "99 BP 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"p0qhb666x4v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb666x4v", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Älteres Jungpaläolithikum"], "en": ["Early Upper Paleolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-32501"}, "label": "34501 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-41500"}, "label": "43500 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Älteres Jungpaläolithikum", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66q8zd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb66q8zd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1499"}, "label": 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"http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1299"}, "label": "701 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Evul Mediu Timpuriu"], "en": ["Early Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb66pmd2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Evul Mediu Timpuriu", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4g2pk"]}, "p0qhb66zkft": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb66zkft", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Spätpaläolithikum"], "en": ["Late Palaeolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9551"}, "label": "11551 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-11950"}, "label": "13950 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": 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"editorialNote": "This period is derived from the aggregation of three periods in the 2000 Foundation of the Hellenic World Periodization: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0339m9bg43, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0339m9gzkf, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0339m9mwwg.", "id": "p0qhb66s75r", "label": "Πρωτομινωική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0qhb66z499": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0760"}, "label": "2760 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0701"}, "label": "2701 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Ύστερη Γεωμετρική"], "en": ["Late Geometric"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Foundation of the Hellenic World, but no match in the 2000 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66z499", "label": "Ύστερη Γεωμετρική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0qhb66wxzf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb66wxzf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze age"], "it": ["Età del Bronzo"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1001"}, "label": "3001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2300"}, "label": "4300 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Età del Bronzo", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy less Sicily, Sardinia, Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "it", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4kqqb"]}, "p0qhb66b95d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "1400 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1499"}, "label": "501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["srednji vek"], "en": ["Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb66b95d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "srednji vek", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4sdnj"]}, "p0qhb66wh74": {"start": {"in": {"year": 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{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "La Tène D", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46858003", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0ff3dt2w3c"]}, "p0qhb665tzz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb665tzz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical"], "it": ["Classico"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0351"}, "label": "2351 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0480"}, "label": "2480 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Classico", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy less Sicily, Sardinia, Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "it", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4kg5w"]}, "p0qhb66n99k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-800000"}, "label": "802000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12501"}, "label": "14501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Paléolithique"], "en": ["Paleolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "This period is derived from the aggregation of three periods in the 2007 INRAP Periodization: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0rrjd9g4b5, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0rrjd9492t, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0rrjd94vgj.", "id": "p0qhb66n99k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Paléolithique", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0qhb66nc3b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66nc3b", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Äldre bronsålder"], "en": ["Early Bronze Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1800"}, "label": "3800 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Äldre bronsålder", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "3100 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66xsnx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "4200 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0851"}, "label": "2851 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"], "it": ["Età del Bronzo"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66xsnx", "label": "Età del Bronzo", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175286417", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb662n84": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "200 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "0 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["époque contemporaine"], "en": ["Contemporary"]}, "id": "p0qhb662n84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "époque contemporaine", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr", "derivedFrom": ["p0rrjd9q9k3"]}, "p0qhb6628nh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-98000"}, "label": "100000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-33001"}, "label": "35001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Μέση Παλαιολιθική"], "en": ["Middle Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb6628nh", "label": "Μέση Παλαιολιθική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece except Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el", "derivedFrom": ["p0339m9pqg3"]}, "p0qhb6666wx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "2800 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "2051 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"], "es": ["Edad del Hierro"]}, "id": "p0qhb6666wx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Edad del Hierro", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "note": "Institute of Heritage Sciences, Spanish National Research Council 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{"year": "-0150"}, "label": "2150 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "2051 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La Tène finale"], "en": ["Final La Tène "]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from INRAP, but no match in the 2007 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb664gxv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "La Tène finale", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0qhb66tkg8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "150 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "0 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Zeitgeschichte"], "en": ["Contemporary"]}, "id": "p0qhb66tkg8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Zeitgeschichte", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "note": "Austrian 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(2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1499"}, "label": "501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post Medieval", "Post-Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb665b9q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Post Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g86hfw"]}, "p0qhb663nc7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-300000"}, "label": "302000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-40001"}, "label": "42001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Paléolithique moyen"], "en": ["Middle Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb663nc7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Paléolithique moyen", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr", "derivedFrom": ["p0rrjd9492t"]}, 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["p0339m9vnzs"]}, "p0qhb66w2n9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "150 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "56 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Nieuwe Tijd Laat"], "en": ["Late Modern period"]}, "id": "p0qhb66w2n9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Nieuwe Tijd Laat", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/ab1eb6b7-ecda-407a-a4ba-aaa3b6c66ec5", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptcmc4h"], "broader": "p0qhb66w8x7"}, "p0qhb66gn5v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb66gn5v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Venetian"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1571"}, "label": "429 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1489"}, "label": "511 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Venetian", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qhb66s4gn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "3100 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0701"}, "label": "2701 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Εποχή Σιδήρου"], "en": ["Iron age"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Foundation of the Hellenic World, but no match in the 2000 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66s4gn", "label": "Εποχή Σιδήρου", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece except Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0qhb66sxn4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0270"}, "label": "1730 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0349"}, "label": "1651 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Laat Romeinse Tijd A"], "en": ["Late Roman 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http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/91330b66-c511-4800-be87-4e262b367e97", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptcqkgd"]}, "p0qhb667pws": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1750"}, "label": "3750 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0751"}, "label": "2751 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["bronasta doba"], "en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb667pws", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "bronasta doba", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4gxzn"]}, "p0qhb66kbkr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "950 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1499"}, "label": "501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Late Middeleeuwen"], "en": ["Late Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb66kbkr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Late Middeleeuwen", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/ee2993b8-96d0-43cf-a350-a055476d2707", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptc7s5j"], "broader": "p0qhb664bxt"}, "p0qhb66357d": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb66357d", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Bronz i hershëm"], "en": ["Early Bronze Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1801"}, "label": "3801 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2100"}, "label": "4100 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Bronz i hershëm", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4bnsk"]}, "p0qhb66bs8w": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb66bs8w", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Mittelpaläolithikum"], "en": ["Middle Paleolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-41501"}, "label": "43501 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Mittelpaläolithikum", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66zbns": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4000"}, "label": "6000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3501"}, "label": "5501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["srednji neolitik"], "en": ["Middle Neolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no 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(2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "287 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stuart"]}, "id": "p0qhb66gdsd", "label": "Stuart", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Britain", "note": "English Heritage Periods List", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0kh9ds6f4n"]}, "p0qhb667n7w": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb667n7w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Imperial"], "it": ["Romano Imperiale"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0399"}, "label": "1601 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0027"}, "label": "2027 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Romano Imperiale", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy less Sicily, Sardinia, Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "it", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w43gnx"]}, "p0qhb666x6g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb666x6g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Orientalizing"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0581"}, "label": "2581 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0750"}, "label": "2750 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Orientalizing", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w45852"]}, "p0qhb66jfkb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66jfkb", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Äldre stenålder", "Mesoliticum"], "en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-8200"}, "label": "10200 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Äldre stenålder", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4200"}, "label": "6200 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb662md2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb662md2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Imperial"], "sr-Cyrl": ["Касно Империал"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0564"}, "label": "1436 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "1700 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Касно Империал", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4xcwm"]}, "p0qhb6648kc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-8000"}, "label": "10000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5001"}, "label": "7001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["mezolitik"], "en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb6648kc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "mezolitik", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4qcqd"]}, "p0qhb66h9px": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "286 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1836"}, "label": "164 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Georgian"]}, "id": "p0qhb66h9px", "label": "Georgian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Britain", "note": "English Heritage Periods List", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0kh9dst3vc"]}, "p0qhb665nn2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb665nn2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Akrotiri"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8801"}, "label": "10801 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-9300"}, "label": "11300 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Akrotiri", "editorialNote": "Not noted in source, but ultimately derived from work of Alan Simmons at Akrotiri Aetokremnos.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qhb66gdff": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66gdff", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Vasatiden"], "en": ["Vasa Dynasty"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "479 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Vasatiden", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1654"}, "label": "346 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66qtnv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5300"}, "label": "7300 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4501"}, "label": "6501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Néolithique moyen"], "en": ["Middle Neolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from INRAP, but no match in the 2007 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66qtnv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Néolithique moyen", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0qhb667qw3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4500"}, "label": "6500 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2201"}, "label": "4201 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Néolitique récent", "Néolithique final"], "en": ["Late Neolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from INRAP, but no match in the 2001 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb667qw3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Néolitique récent", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0qhb66d9cm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/mk", "id": "p0qhb66d9cm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic"], "mk": ["Доцна во архајскиот период"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0501"}, "label": "2501 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "2600 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "Republic of Macedonia"}], "label": "Доцна во архајскиот период", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Macedonia", "languageTag": "mk", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w477w8"]}, "p0qhb66w5bd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-800000"}, "label": 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"label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Römische", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66f2tv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66f2tv", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Erteböllekulturen"], "en": ["Ertebølle culture"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-5200"}, "label": "7200 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Erteböllekulturen", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4000"}, "label": "6000 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66fw9n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb66fw9n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleolithic"], "sr-Cyrl": ["Палеолит"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10001"}, "label": "12001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-600000"}, "label": "602000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Палеолит", "editorialNote": "This period is derived from the aggregation of three periods in the 2004 Fasti Periodization: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w45wr2, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w42chg, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4mj94.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl"}, "p0qhb66wsb3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-35000"}, "label": "37000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8801"}, "label": "10801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Laat Paleolithicum"], "en": ["Late Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66wsb3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Laat Paleolithicum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed 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"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Paläolithikum", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb665ztt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb665ztt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic"], "it": ["Paleolitico superiore"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10001"}, "label": "12001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-40000"}, "label": "42000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Paleolitico superiore", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66qqd2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb66qqd2", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Späte Bronzezeit"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "2800 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1300"}, "label": "3300 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Späte Bronzezeit", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66b6b4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb66b6b4", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Späte Römische"], "en": ["Late Roman"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0374"}, "label": "1626 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0180"}, "label": "1820 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Späte Römische", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb6639xc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb6639xc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10001"}, "label": "12001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-40000"}, "label": "42000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Upper Paleolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4mwsq"]}, "p0qhb66ns52": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4600"}, "label": "6600 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3801"}, "label": "5801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Eneolitic Dezvoltat"], "en": ["Upper Eneolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4),\n but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66ns52", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Eneolitic Dezvoltat", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro"}, "p0qhb66tkjt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb66tkjt", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Osmane"], "en": ["Ottoman"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "151 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1389"}, "label": "611 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Osmane", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4x58t"]}, "p0qhb66sqt2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-9550"}, "label": "11550 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5601"}, "label": "7601 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Mesolithikum"], "en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66sqt2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Mesolithikum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "note": "Austrian Academy of Sciences", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66wwv9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4250"}, "label": "6250 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3401"}, "label": "5401 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Ältere Kupferzeit"], "en": ["Early Copper Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66wwv9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Ältere Kupferzeit", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "note": "Austrian Academy of Sciences", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66dvbg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1299"}, "label": "701 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["visoki srednji vek"], "en": ["High Medieval"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66dvbg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "visoki srednji vek", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl"}, "p0qhb66r8ck": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66r8ck", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Mellanneolitisk tid B"], "en": ["Middle Neolithic B"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2800"}, "label": "4800 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Mellanneolitisk tid B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2400"}, "label": "4400 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66r49x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "1800 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0399"}, "label": "1601 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Roman"], "es": ["Bajo Romano"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66r49x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Bajo Romano", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "note": "Institute of Heritage Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC Incipit)", "languageTag": "es"}, "p0qhb66brtd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb66brtd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Villanovan"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0701"}, "label": "2701 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0900"}, "label": "2900 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Villanovan", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qhb66svkz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66svkz", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Bronsålder"], "en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1800"}, "label": "3800 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Bronsålder", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "2500 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66wp2w": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-528000"}, "label": "530000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-50001"}, "label": "52001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Palaeolithic"], "es": ["Paleolítico"]}, "id": "p0qhb66wp2w", "label": "Paleolítico", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia, Asturias, Castilla y Leon", "note": "Institute of Heritage Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC Incipit)", "languageTag": "es", "derivedFrom": ["p07h9k69b54"]}, "p0qhb66csm4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0150"}, "label": "1850 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0269"}, "label": "1731 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Midden Romeinse Tijd B"], "en": ["Middle Roman B"]}, "id": "p0qhb66csm4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Midden Romeinse Tijd B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/d5c6eaee-a772-4c62-95fe-6a793765b93a", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptcnbbg"], "broader": "p0qhb66szgv"}, "p0qhb66bsd4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb66bsd4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic"], "sr-Cyrl": ["хеленистички"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0169"}, "label": "2169 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0336"}, "label": "2336 BP (2000)"}, "label": "хеленистички", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4mqnw"]}, "p0qhb66tg2w": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2500"}, "label": "4500 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2201"}, "label": "4201 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["srednja bakrena doba"], "en": ["Middle Copper Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66tg2w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "srednja bakrena doba", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl"}, "p0qhb66rncf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb66rncf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"], "it": ["Paleolitico Inferiore"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-150001"}, "label": "152001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-600000"}, "label": "602000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Paleolitico Inferiore", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66ksmf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0700"}, "label": "2700 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/hu", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0451"}, "label": "2451 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Iron Age"], "hu": ["középső vaskor"]}, "id": "p0qhb66ksmf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "középső vaskor", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "note": "Hungarian National Museum", "languageTag": "hu"}, "p0qhb665crt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0374"}, "label": "1626 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0799"}, "label": "1201 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Epoca Migraţiilor"], "en": ["Migrations"]}, "id": "p0qhb665crt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Epoca Migraţiilor", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4k7fh"]}, "p0qhb66hsr6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0275"}, "label": "1725 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0373"}, "label": "1627 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Epoca Post Romană"], "en": ["Post Roman"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66hsr6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Epoca Post Romană", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro"}, "p0qhb66s5gw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "2050 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0028"}, "label": "2028 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["République romaine", "ép tardo-républicaine"], "en": ["Roman Republican"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from INRAP, but no match in the 2007 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66s5gw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "République romaine", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0qhb66596k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5000"}, "label": "7000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4601"}, "label": "6601 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Eneolitic Timpuriu"], "en": ["Lower Eneolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4),\n but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66596k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Eneolitic Timpuriu", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro"}, "p0qhb664g3r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb664g3r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Antique"], "it": ["tardoantico"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0599"}, "label": "1401 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "1600 BP (2000)"}, "label": "tardoantico", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66p94b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb66p94b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Etruscan"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0351"}, "label": "2351 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0700"}, "label": "2700 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Etruscan", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qhb66t6ch": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0480"}, "label": "2480 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0401"}, "label": "2401 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène A"]}, "id": "p0qhb66t6ch", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "La Tène A", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46858003", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0ff3dtw9p7"]}, "p0qhb66jdnn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb66jdnn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10001"}, "label": "12001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-600000"}, "label": "602000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Paleolithic", "editorialNote": "This period is derived from the aggregation of three periods in the 2004 Fasti Periodization: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4brkg, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w43hwk, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4mwsq.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qhb66j25w": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1500"}, "label": "3500 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1101"}, "label": "3101 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Midden Bronstijd B"], "en": ["Middle Bronze age B"]}, "id": "p0qhb66j25w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Midden Bronstijd B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/bb71782d-72ed-4f57-9736-424747358be5", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptcqq2k"], "broader": "p0qhb66mf9d"}, "p0qhb66m3vj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-9600"}, "label": "11600 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5501"}, "label": "7501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Mesolithique"], "en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66m3vj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Mesolithique", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr", "derivedFrom": ["p0rrjd95br8"]}, "p0qhb6626cm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb6626cm", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Hekur i zhvilluar"], "en": ["Late Iron Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0601"}, "label": "2601 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "2800 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Hekur i zhvilluar", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4sm9z"]}, "p0qhb66d849": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "55 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "0 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Recent"], "en": ["Contemporary"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Rijksdienst, but no match in the dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66d849", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Recent", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/697d935b-1d84-4145-86ce-1dcd2185a705", "languageTag": "nl"}, "p0qhb667ddk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb667ddk", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Bronz"], "en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1101"}, "label": "3101 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2100"}, "label": "4100 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Bronz", "editorialNote": "This period is derived from the aggregation of three periods in the 2004 Fasti Periodization: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w47jcw, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4vck4, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4bnsk.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq"}, "p0qhb66r4x9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb66r4x9", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Bronz i mesëm"], "en": ["Middle Bronze Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1501"}, "label": "3501 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1800"}, "label": "3800 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Bronz i mesëm", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4vck4"]}, "p0qhb66fw73": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0450"}, "label": "2450 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "2051 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["second âge du Fer"], "en": ["Late Iron age", "La Tène"]}, "id": "p0qhb66fw73", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "second âge du Fer", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr", "derivedFrom": ["p0rrjd9pw4d"]}, "p0qhb66v534": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0324"}, "label": "1676 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0609"}, "label": "1391 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Πρωτοβυζαντινή"], "en": ["Early Byzantine"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Foundation of the Hellenic World, but no match in the 2000 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66v534", "label": "Πρωτοβυζαντινή", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0qhb669pgp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb669pgp", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Neuzeit"], "en": ["Modern"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "151 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "500 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Neuzeit", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb669k7t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1200"}, "label": "3200 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0801"}, "label": "2801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"], "es": ["Edad del Bronce Final"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb669k7t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Edad del Bronce Final", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "note": "Institute of Heritage Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC Incipit)", "languageTag": "es"}, "p0qhb665v45": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-12500"}, "label": "14500 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9001"}, "label": "11001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Palaeolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb665v45", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Palaeolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g886nr"]}, "p0qhb66x7jw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "2500 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1049"}, "label": "951 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66x7jw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g8rr45"]}, "p0qhb66p85c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66p85c", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Folkungatiden"], "en": ["Folkunga Dynasty"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1250"}, "label": "750 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Folkungatiden", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1363"}, "label": "637 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66xdn4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0900"}, "label": "2900 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/hu", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0701"}, "label": "2701 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age"], "hu": ["kora vaskor"]}, "id": "p0qhb66xdn4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "kora vaskor", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "note": "Hungarian National Museum", "languageTag": "hu"}, "p0qhb66nkmb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-8800"}, "label": "10800 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6001"}, "label": "8001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Proto-Neolithic", "Pre pottery-Neolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66nkmb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Proto-Neolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "note": "Jamieson, 2007 (Ian Potter Museum exhibition)", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0jtbzwrxbm"]}, "p0qhb66f4vp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb66f4vp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Contemporary"], "it": ["contemporaneo"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "0 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1788"}, "label": "212 BP (2000)"}, "label": "contemporaneo", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sicily", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66sfrc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3200"}, "label": "5200 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2201"}, "label": "4201 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eneolithic", "Copper Age"], "it": ["Eneolitico"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66sfrc", "label": "Eneolitico", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175286417", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66s4n5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1800"}, "label": "3800 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1501"}, "label": "3501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Midden Bronstijd A"], "en": ["Middle Bronze age A"]}, "id": "p0qhb66s4n5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Midden Bronstijd A", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/efbd65be-d4bd-4a74-84a9-41f9b60e77e5", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptch5g9"], "broader": "p0qhb66mf9d"}, "p0qhb66wk52": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb66wk52", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Frühe Bronzezeit"], "en": ["Early Bronze Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1601"}, "label": "3601 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "4200 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Frühe Bronzezeit", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66fgnh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1600"}, "label": "3600 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1401"}, "label": "3401 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["âge du Bronze moyen"], "en": ["Middle Bronze age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66fgnh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "âge du Bronze moyen", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr", "derivedFrom": ["p0rrjd95hrj"]}, "p0qhb66v3wd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66v3wd", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Äldre järnålder"], "en": ["Early Iron Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "2500 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Äldre järnålder", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "1600 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66kdzj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0150"}, "label": "2150 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "2051 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic II"]}, "id": "p0qhb66kdzj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Hellenistic II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "note": "Jamieson, 2007 (Ian Potter Museum exhibition)", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0jtbzww6pr"]}, "p0qhb66tb9x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66tb9x", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Senneolitikum"], "en": ["Late Neolithic"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2400"}, "label": "4400 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Senneolitikum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1800"}, "label": "3800 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66jzqd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb66jzqd", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Republikane"], "en": ["Republican"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0168"}, "label": "2168 BP 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{"in": {"year": "-1000"}, "label": "3000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4z9mm"]}, "p0qhb66qfcn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4600"}, "label": "6600 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/bg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4401"}, "label": "6401 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Eneolithic"], "bg": ["среден eнеолит"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66qfcn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "среден eнеолит", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "note": "National Institute of Archaeology with Museum, Automated Information System \"Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\"", "languageTag": "bg"}, "p0qhb66mrpz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/mk", "id": "p0qhb66mrpz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eneolithic", "Copper Age"], "mk": ["енеолитот"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2201"}, "label": "4201 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4500"}, "label": "6500 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "Republic of Macedonia"}], "label": "енеолитот", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Macedonia", "languageTag": "mk", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4hk6m"]}, "p0qhb66knvg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1396"}, "label": "604 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/bg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1761"}, "label": "239 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Medieval", "Ottoman"], "bg": ["късно средновековие", "османски период"]}, "id": "p0qhb66knvg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "късно средновековие", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "note": "National Institute of Archaeology with Museum, Automated Information System \"Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\"", "languageTag": "bg", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4v3h3"]}, "p0qhb66ws5k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0260"}, "label": "2260 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0151"}, "label": "2151 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La Tène II"], "en": ["La Tène II"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from INRAP, but no match in the 2007 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66ws5k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "La Tène II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0qhb66bbcf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb66bbcf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic Illyrian", "Protourban illyrian"], "sr-Cyrl": ["архаичан Илирски"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0481"}, "label": "2481 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "2600 BP (2000)"}, "label": "архаичан Илирски", "spatialCoverageDescription": 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"p0qhb665dff", "label": "Πρώιμη εποχή του Χαλκού", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0qhb66stgt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2450"}, "label": "4450 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2001"}, "label": "4001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Laat Neolithicum B"], "en": ["Late Neolithic B"]}, "id": "p0qhb66stgt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Laat Neolithicum B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/282e4b83-22c6-4df2-84d1-ef7d68bd3d5d", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptck7qq"], "broader": "p0qhb66bdpm"}, "p0qhb66358p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1800"}, "label": "3800 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0501"}, "label": "2501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66358p", "label": "Bronze Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g877vs"]}, "p0qhb6643mc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-98001"}, "label": "100001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Κατώτερη Παλαιολιθική"], "en": ["Lower Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb6643mc", "label": "Κατώτερη Παλαιολιθική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece except Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el", "derivedFrom": ["p0339m9n7g7"]}, "p0qhb668fqq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5500"}, "label": "7500 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5001"}, "label": "7001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Neolitic 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"http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2501"}, "label": "4501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["zgodnja bakrena doba"], "en": ["Early Copper Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66vvpb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "zgodnja bakrena doba", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl"}, "p0qhb66kf24": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb66kf24", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"], "sr-Cyrl": ["Касно бронзано доба"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1101"}, "label": "3101 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1500"}, "label": "3500 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Касно бронзано доба", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4z929"]}, 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["p0rrjd9ccmn"]}, "p0qhb66bs4q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0012"}, "label": "2012 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0024"}, "label": "1976 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Vroeg Romeinse Tijd A"], "en": ["Early Roman A"]}, "id": "p0qhb66bs4q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Vroeg Romeinse Tijd A", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/d08febfe-53a5-4053-a332-c4372b2bfe12", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptchpfd"], "broader": "p0qhb66hjjk"}, "p0qhb66wng7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb66wng7", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Mittel Neolithikum"], "en": ["Middle Neolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4251"}, "label": "6251 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4800"}, "label": "6800 BP 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"languageTag": "el", "derivedFrom": ["p0339m9dzc7"]}, "p0qhb66szh6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1821"}, "label": "179 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "0 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Σύγχρονη"], "en": ["Modern"]}, "id": "p0qhb66szh6", "label": "Σύγχρονη", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece except Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el", "derivedFrom": ["p0339m9w5x4"]}, "p0qhb66bfq6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb66bfq6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-150001"}, "label": "152001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-600000"}, "label": "602000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4brkg"]}, "p0qhb66h546": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb66h546", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval"], "it": ["Medievale"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1349"}, "label": "651 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "1400 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Medievale", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy less Sicily, Sardinia, Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "it", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4z4ng"]}, "p0qhb66scck": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0400"}, "label": "2400 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "2051 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Iron Age"], "es": ["Segunda Edad del Hierro"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66scck", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Segunda Edad del Hierro", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "note": "Institute of Heritage Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC Incipit)", "languageTag": "es"}, "p0qhb66sn2z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb66sn2z", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Frühe Römische"], "en": ["Early Roman"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0179"}, "label": "1821 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Frühe Römische", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb6689s9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "4200 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1801"}, "label": "3801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["pozna bakrena doba"], "en": ["Late Copper Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb6689s9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "pozna bakrena doba", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl"}, "p0qhb66w4gb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "2030 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0599"}, "label": "1401 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["rimska doba"], "en": ["Roman "]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66w4gb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "rimska doba", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl"}, "p0qhb66dpx7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb66dpx7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Imperial"], "sr-Cyrl": ["Рано Империал"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0099"}, "label": "1901 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Рано Империал", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w498hd"]}, "p0qhb665b6t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5000"}, "label": "7000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4001"}, "label": "6001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"sl": ["starejši neolitik"], "en": ["Early Neolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb665b6t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "starejši neolitik", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "note": "ZRC SAZU, Institute of Archaeology", "languageTag": "sl"}, "p0qhb66tqmg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "2600 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0476"}, "label": "2476 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic (Cypro-Archaic) II", "Archaic II", "Cypro-Archaic II"]}, "id": "p0qhb66tqmg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Archaic (Cypro-Archaic) II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "note": "Jamieson, 2007 (Ian Potter Museum exhibition)", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0jtbzw8xcb"]}, "p0qhb66g674": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-7500"}, "label": "9500 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6601"}, "label": "8601 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Mesolitic"], "en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66g674", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Mesolitic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4d47b"]}, "p0qhb6687t3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb6687t3", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Perandorake e hershme"], "en": ["Early Imperial"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0099"}, "label": "1901 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Perandorake e hershme", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w49hzs"]}, "p0qhb662n6h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0730"}, "label": "2730 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0581"}, "label": "2581 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Orientalizing", "Phoenician"], "it": ["orientalizzante"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb662n6h", "label": "orientalizzante", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175286417", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb6674pv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb6674pv", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Romak"], "en": ["Roman"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0564"}, "label": "1436 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0168"}, "label": "2168 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Romak", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq"}, "p0qhb66rbxt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-11950"}, "label": "13950 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9551"}, "label": "11551 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Spätpaläolithikum"], "en": ["Late Palaeolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66rbxt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Spätpaläolithikum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "note": "Austrian Academy of Sciences", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66sctf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0146"}, "label": "2146 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0323"}, "label": "1677 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Ρωμαϊκή"], "en": ["Roman"]}, "id": "p0qhb66sctf", "label": "Ρωμαϊκή", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece except Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el", "derivedFrom": ["p0339m967sz"]}, "p0qhb66hf3x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb66hf3x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hohenstaufen"], "it": ["Hohenstaufen"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": 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{"year": "-0600"}, "label": "2600 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Para qytetare ilire", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in the 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq"}, "p0qhb665g8g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb665g8g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eneolithic", "Copper Age"], "it": ["Eneolitico"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2301"}, "label": "4301 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3300"}, "label": "5300 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Eneolitico", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy less Sicily, Sardinia, Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "it", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4kcjp"]}, "p0qhb66hzfs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-8800"}, "label": "10800 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5301"}, "label": "7301 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": 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"localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age", "Bonnanaro A"], "it": ["Prima Età del Bronzo"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb664pbd", "label": "Prima Età del Bronzo", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175286417", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66hpbt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1198000"}, "label": "1200000 BP2000"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-698001"}, "label": "700001 BP2000"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Protopaleolitic"], "en": ["ProtoPaleolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66hpbt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Protopaleolitic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro"}, "p0qhb66xsxb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb66xsxb", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Folkvandringstid"], "en": ["Migration Period"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "1600 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Folkvandringstid", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "1450 BP (2000)"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0qhb66jdjr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-698000"}, "label": "700000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-118001"}, "label": "120001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Paleolitic Inferior"], "en": ["Lower Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66jdjr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Paleolitic Inferior", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4ss9g"]}, "p0qhb66mf9d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1800"}, "label": "3800 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1101"}, "label": "3101 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Midden Bronstijd"], "en": ["Middle Bronze age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66mf9d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Midden Bronstijd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/405d4012-5845-4837-8051-2a559679c30e", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptc976n"], "broader": "p0qhb66rsmj"}, "p0qhb66xzmx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb66xzmx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleolithic"], "it": ["paleolitico"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10001"}, "label": "12001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-600000"}, "label": "602000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "paleolitico", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sicily", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb669j8v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb669j8v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"], "it": ["paleolitico Inferiore"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-150001"}, "label": "152001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-600000"}, "label": "602000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "paleolitico Inferiore", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sicily", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66rkfh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "id": "p0qhb66rkfh", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Jüngeres Jungpaläolithikum"], "en": ["Late Upper Paleolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-11951"}, "label": "13951 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-22500"}, "label": "24500 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Jüngeres Jungpaläolithikum", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66njkr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb66njkr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-40001"}, "label": "42001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-149999"}, "label": "151999 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Middle Paleolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w43hwk"]}, "p0qhb66n62q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5000"}, "label": "7000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3801"}, "label": "5801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Eneolitic"], "en": ["Eneolithic", "Copper Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66n62q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Eneolitic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w42cdg"]}, "p0qhb662487": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb662487", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Helenistike"], "en": ["Hellenistic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0169"}, "label": "2169 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0336"}, "label": "2336 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Helenistike", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4rbc2"]}, "p0qhb66shxc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2300"}, "label": "4300 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", 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"fr"}, "p0qhb66n4wb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-7100"}, "label": "9100 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6451"}, "label": "8451 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Midden Mesolithicum"], "en": ["Middle Mesolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66n4wb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Midden Mesolithicum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/94bffc3e-84e1-4511-8a12-ebfaaa9b9eda", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptc2ww5"], "broader": "p0qhb66hzfs"}, "p0qhb66t42b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6450"}, "label": "8450 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5301"}, "label": "7301 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Laat Mesolithicum"], "en": ["Late Mesolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66t42b", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Laat Mesolithicum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/bb506c03-f2ee-4076-a8b5-3bce5fa5c795", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptczcmr"], "broader": "p0qhb66hzfs"}, "p0qhb66vfdt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb66vfdt", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Perandorake e mesme"], "en": ["Mid Imperial"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0299"}, "label": "1701 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "1900 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Perandorake e mesme", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4xtf5"]}, "p0qhb66wkxj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/mk", "id": "p0qhb66wkxj", 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{"start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "796 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1452"}, "label": "548 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Ύστερη Βυζαντινή"], "en": ["Late Byzantine"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Foundation of the Hellenic World, but no match in the 2000 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66hcfd", "label": "Ύστερη Βυζαντινή", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0qhb6676qp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "60 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "56 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Tweede Wereldoorlog"], "en": ["second world war"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Rijksdienst, but no match in the dataset.", "id": "p0qhb6676qp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Tweede Wereldoorlog", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/49e56f6e-7834-4225-ac0d-d80b3a67a7b8", "languageTag": "nl", "broader": "p0qhb66w2n9"}, "p0qhb666hmw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qhb666hmw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ottoman"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1913"}, "label": "87 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1572"}, "label": "428 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Ottoman", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qhb66xnj2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1299"}, "label": "701 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Moyen Âge classique", "Second Moyen Age"], "en": 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"2735 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age", "Iron Age I"], "it": ["Prima età del Ferro"]}, "id": "p0qhb66hp2g", "label": "Prima età del Ferro", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sicily", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39695441", "languageTag": "it", "derivedFrom": ["p0vpm8v82h2"]}, "p0qhb66xpqr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-11300"}, "label": "13300 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7501"}, "label": "9501 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Epipaleolitic"], "en": ["EpiPaleolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66xpqr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Epipaleolitic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro"}, "p0qhb66t662": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "700 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1491"}, "label": "509 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Bas Moyen Âge"], "en": ["Late Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb66t662", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Bas Moyen Âge", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "note": "INRAP", "languageTag": "fr", "derivedFrom": ["p0rrjd9gj4g"]}, "p0qhb66k6v4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-500000"}, "label": "502000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-150001"}, "label": "152001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Palaeolithic"]}, "id": "p0qhb66k6v4", "label": "Lower Palaeolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Britain", "note": "English Heritage Periods List", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0kh9dstmtg"]}, "p0qhb66x8n3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-11000"}, "label": "13000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6801"}, "label": "8801 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Μεσολιθική"], "en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Foundation of the Hellenic World, but no match in the 2000 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66x8n3", "label": "Μεσολιθική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0qhb66pk6z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0qhb66pk6z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Renaissance"], "it": ["Rinascimento"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1549"}, "label": "451 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1350"}, "label": "650 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Rinascimento", "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy less Sicily, Sardinia, Tuscany, Umbria", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66dx47": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb66dx47", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Paleolit"], "en": ["Paleolithic"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4001"}, "label": "6001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-600000"}, "label": "602000 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Paleolit", "editorialNote": "This period is derived from the aggregation of three periods in the 2004 Fasti Periodization: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w48qxz, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4bjgp, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w4s3k7.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq"}, "p0qhb6622kc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0850"}, "label": "2850 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0731"}, "label": "2731 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Geometric", "Phoenician"], "it": ["geometrico"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from FASTI, but no match in 2004 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb6622kc", "label": "geometrico", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175286417", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0qhb66qgxn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1711"}, "label": "289 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/hu", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1866"}, "label": "134 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern Age"], "hu": ["újkor"]}, "id": "p0qhb66qgxn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "újkor", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "note": "Hungarian National Museum", "languageTag": "hu"}, "p0qhb66cjjp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-5300"}, "label": "7300 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4901"}, "label": "6901 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Vroeg Neolithicum A"], "en": ["Early Neolithic A"]}, "id": "p0qhb66cjjp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Vroeg Neolithicum A", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/94f541a6-6ec9-47b1-927c-9b09cf448cd7", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptcmfqr"], "broader": "p0qhb66n38q"}, "p0qhb66wrq3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2100"}, "label": "4100 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1449"}, "label": "551 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Μέση εποχή του Χαλκού"], "en": ["Middle Bronze age"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Foundation of the Hellenic World, but no match in the 2000 dataset.", "id": "p0qhb66wrq3", "label": "Μέση εποχή του Χαλκού", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0qhb6678bx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0qhb6678bx", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Historisk tid"], "en": ["Historic 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"http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1001"}, "label": "3001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt A", "Urnfield period"]}, "id": "p0qhb66qmgt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Hallstatt A", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "note": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46858003", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0ff3dtxpjd"]}, "p0qhb66sz9d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4900"}, "label": "6900 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4201"}, "label": "6201 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Vroeg Neolithicum B"], "en": ["Early Neolithic B"]}, "id": "p0qhb66sz9d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Vroeg Neolithicum B", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/4655bf21-5d2b-4267-a8ac-8f75c21bde8b", "languageTag": "nl", "derivedFrom": ["p0pqptc49xx"], "broader": "p0qhb66n38q"}, "p0qhb66jpqb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0850"}, "label": "2850 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0761"}, "label": "2761 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Μέση Γεωμετρική"], "en": ["Middle Geometric"]}, "id": "p0qhb66jpqb", "label": "Μέση Γεωμετρική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece except Crete", "note": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "languageTag": "el", "derivedFrom": ["p0339m99jb5"]}, "p0qhb66wrsn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "4200 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": 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"label": "Kupferzeit", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb663rsj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb663rsj", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Hekuri i hershëm"], "en": ["Early Iron Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0801"}, "label": "2801 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "3100 BP (2000)"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Hekuri i hershëm", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "sq", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4wpdc"]}, "p0qhb66gpsg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1200000"}, "label": "1202000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-200001"}, "label": "202001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"], "es": ["Paleolítico Inferior"]}, "id": 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"spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "note": "National Institute of Archaeology with Museum, Automated Information System \"Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\"", "languageTag": "bg", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w42jtx"]}, "p0qhb66bfz8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "1590 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1065"}, "label": "935 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb66bfz8", "label": "Early Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Britain", "note": "English Heritage Periods List", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0kh9dsmf3f"]}, "p0qhb6699bn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb6699bn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Illyrian", "Protourban illyrian"], "sr-Cyrl": ["Илирац"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0337"}, "label": "2337 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "2600 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Илирац", 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{"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1099"}, "label": "901 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Medieval"]}, "id": "p0qhb66cvqh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q189", "label": "Iceland"}], "label": "Early Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iceland", "note": "ARENA1/ADS", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zj6g8ztv9"]}, "p0qhb66sp4t": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb66sp4t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"], "sr-Cyrl": ["Мезолитско"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4001"}, "label": "6001 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "12000 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Мезолитско", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4658d"]}, "p0qhb662r96": {"type": "Period", "language": 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"derivedFrom": ["p0pqptc6vm7"], "broader": "p0qhb66rsmj"}, "p0qhb6622s5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "1550 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nl", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1950"}, "label": "50 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"nl": ["Historie"], "en": ["Historic"]}, "editorialNote": "Derived from Rijksdienst, but no match in the dataset.", "id": "p0qhb6622s5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Historie", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "note": "Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed http://data.cultureelerfgoed.nl/semnet/724277e3-6329-48f2-88d7-f84703fdd01e", "languageTag": "nl"}, "p0qhb66n9sq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sq", "id": "p0qhb66n9sq", "localizedLabels": {"sq": ["Klasike/Qytetare ilire"], "en": ["Classic illyrian", "Urban Illyrian"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0337"}, "label": "2337 BP (2000)"}, "start": 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"http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0001"}, "label": "2001 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Eisenzeit"], "en": ["Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0qhb66w478", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Eisenzeit", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "note": "Austrian Academy of Sciences", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66kqd5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0107"}, "label": "1893 BP (2000)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0274"}, "label": "1726 BP (2000)"}, "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Epoca Romană"], "en": ["Roman"]}, "id": "p0qhb66kqd5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Epoca Romană", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "note": "Romanian Academy", "languageTag": "ro", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4xzmz"]}, "p0qhb66h6b7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", 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"Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q347", "label": "Liechtenstein"}], "label": "Bronzezeit", "editorialNote": "no source provided", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Liechtenstein", "languageTag": "de"}, "p0qhb66vhdc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "id": "p0qhb66vhdc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age"], "sr-Cyrl": ["Рано гвозденог доба"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0801"}, "label": "2801 BP (2000)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "3100 BP (2000)"}, "label": "Рано гвозденог доба", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kosovo, Serbia", "languageTag": "sr-Cyrl", "script": "http://lexvo.org/id/script/Cyrl", "derivedFrom": ["p06v8w4f6kh"]}, "p0qhb669k58": {"id": "p0qhb669k58", "type": "Period", "url": "http://www.naim-bas.com/akb/", "label": "елинистическа епоха", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/bg", 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Prof. Department of Interdisciplinary Research and Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\nNational Archaeological Institute with Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences"}, "p0qhb66z3xc": {"id": "p0qhb66z3xc", "type": "Period", "url": "http://www.naim-bas.com/akb/", "label": "класическа епоха", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/bg", "languageTag": "bg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classic"], "bg": ["класическа епоха"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "2500 BP 2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0323"}, "label": "2323 BP 2000"}, "note": "National Institute of Archaeology with Museum, Automated Information System \"Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\"", "editorialNote": "Period not present in original ARIADNE data provider submission\nData provided by Dr. Nadezhda Kecheva, Assist. 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Prof. Department of Interdiscipilnary Research and Archaeological Map of Bulgaria\nNational Institute of Archaeology with Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences"}}}, "p077pzf": {"source": {"title": "The Romans, from village to empire", "contributors": [{"name": "Talbert, Richard J. A., 1947-", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/661328#Person/talbert_richard_j_a_1947"}, {"name": "Gargola, Daniel J.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/12455452"}], "yearPublished": 2004, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "creators": [{"name": "Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/32169827"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p077pzf", "periods": {"p077pzfpvh9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0138"}, "label": "138 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzfpvh9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antonine"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 480"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Antonine", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0192"}, "label": "192 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzfjkdv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "96 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzfjkdv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Empire"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 365?"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "High Empire", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "193 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzfwxfr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "117 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzfwxfr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hadrianic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 374"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Hadrianic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0138"}, "label": "138 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzfxk2d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzfxk2d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Roman"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 432"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Late Roman", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "410 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzf5t94": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0579"}, "label": "580 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzf5t94", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 460"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Archaic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "480 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzf9gq6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0098"}, "label": "98 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzf9gq6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Trajanic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 367"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Trajanic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "117 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzfmvpf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0724"}, "label": "725 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzfmvpf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Orientalizing"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 460"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Orientalizing", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0579"}, "label": "580 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzfr5f7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "193 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzfr5f7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Severan"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 406"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Severan", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzfv66x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0011"}, "label": "12 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzfv66x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Augustan"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "pages 468-469"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Augustan", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "14 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzfpw3k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "14 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Includes the year of the four emperors for purposes of timeline continuity.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Julio-Claudian"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69 A.D."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 485"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Julio-Claudian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "id": "p077pzfpw3k", "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzf85fk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0271"}, "label": "272 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzf85fk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republican"]}, "editorialNote": "GeoDia had 9 separate entries for Republican (unclear), each with different spatial coverages. Could add back later if figure out page sources.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 97"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Republican", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0141"}, "label": "142 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzf9m52": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0026"}, "label": "27 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzf9m52", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Imperial"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 289?"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Imperial", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzf7r62": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0260"}, "label": "260 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzf7r62", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gallic Empire"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 476"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Gallic Empire", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0274"}, "label": "274 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzfw49m": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzfw49m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Flavian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "page 484"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Flavian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "96 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077pzfw3mb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0026"}, "label": "27 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077pzfw3mb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Augustan"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52728992", "locator": "pages 295, 298"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "label": "Augustan", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "14 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0dhmkc": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "The Corinthian, Attic, and Lakonian pottery from Sardis", "contributors": [{"name": "Ramage, Nancy H., 1942-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/268834893"}, {"name": "Greenewalt, Crawford H. (Crawford Hallock), 1937-2012.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/84756187"}], "yearPublished": 1997, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36343383", "creators": [{"name": "Schaeffer, Judith Snyder, 1937-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/2614945"}]}, "locator": "page 4"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0dhmkc", "periods": {"p0dhmkc7dmm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0679"}, "label": "680 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0546"}, "label": "547 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}, "id": "p0dhmkc7dmm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Archaic", "note": "chronological table on p. 4; not dividing the archaic period by dynasties (all Mermnad, not usually used to refer to material) or using \"Orientalizing\" (since Lydia the source of much of what is called \"Orientalizing\" in Greece)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dhmkc4kxb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1184"}, "label": "1185 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0679"}, "label": "680 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Herakleid"]}, "id": "p0dhmkc4kxb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Herakleid", "note": "chronological table on p. 4", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0339m9": {"source": {"citation": "Foundation of the Hellenic World", "title": "Hellenic History on the Internet", "url": "http://www.ime.gr/chronos/en/", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "yearPublished": "2000", "creators": [{"name": "Foundation of the Hellenic World"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0339m9", "periods": {"p0339m94psw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1479"}, "label": "1480 π.Χ."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1424"}, "label": "1425 π.Χ."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IB"], "el": ["Υστερομινωική IB"]}, "editorialNote": "http://www.ime.gr/chronos/02/crete/gr/xronologio/index.html", "id": "p0339m94psw", "label": "Υστερομινωική IB", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "full credits: http://www.ime.gr/chronos/02/crete/en/credits.html\n\nMαραγκού, Λ. (εκδ.), Μινωικός και ελληνικός πολιτισμός από τη Συλλογή Μητσοτάκη, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή-Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 1992, σ. 26.", "languageTag": "el", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}]}, "p0339m9zc3z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6799"}, "label": "6800 π.Χ."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3199"}, "label": "3200 π.Χ."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"], "el": ["Νεολιθική"]}, "editorialNote": "http://www.ime.gr/chronos/01/gr/nl/index.html", "id": "p0339m9zc3z", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Νεολιθική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "note": "full credits: http://www.ime.gr/chronos/01/en/credits.html", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0339m9n44g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2099"}, "label": "2100 π.Χ."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "1550 π.Χ."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Αge", "MH"], "el": ["Μέση Χαλκοκρατία", "Μεσοελλαδική", "Middle Helladic", " MΕ"]}, "editorialNote": "http://www.ime.gr/chronos/02/mainland/gr/index.html# (hover)", "id": "p0339m9n44g", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Μέση Χαλκοκρατία", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "note": "full credits: http://www.ime.gr/chronos/02/mainland/en/credits.html Abbreviation http://www.ime.gr/chronos/02/mainland/en/eh/gallery/habitation/chron.html \n\nκατά Manning 1995: Manning, S.W., The Absolute Chronology of the Aegean Early Bronze Age. Archaeology, Radiocarbon and History, Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology 1, Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield 1995, εικ. 2.", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0339m9hd5x": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1579", "earliestYear": "-1599"}, "label": "1600/1580 π.Χ."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1479"}, "label": "1480 π.Χ."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IA"], "el": ["Υστερομινωική IA"]}, "editorialNote": "http://www.ime.gr/chronos/02/crete/gr/xronologio/index.html", "id": "p0339m9hd5x", "label": "Υστερομινωική IA", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "full credits: http://www.ime.gr/chronos/02/crete/en/credits.html\n\nMαραγκού, Λ. (εκδ.), Μινωικός και ελληνικός πολιτισμός από τη Συλλογή Μητσοτάκη, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή-Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 1992, σ. 26.", "languageTag": "el", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}]}, "p0339m9czr8": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1799", "earliestYear": "-1898"}, "label": "19ος αι. π.Χ."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1649", "earliestYear": "-1699"}, "label": "1700/1650 π.Χ."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan II"], "el": ["Μεσομινωική II"]}, "editorialNote": "http://www.ime.gr/chronos/02/crete/gr/xronologio/index.html", "id": "p0339m9czr8", "label": "Μεσομινωική II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "note": "full credits: http://www.ime.gr/chronos/02/crete/en/credits.html\n\nMαραγκού, Λ. (εκδ.), Μινωικός και ελληνικός πολιτισμός από τη Συλλογή Μητσοτάκη, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. 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Γουλανδρή-Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 1992, σ. 26.", "languageTag": "el", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}]}, "p0339m967sz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0026"}, "label": "27 π.X."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0324"}, "label": "324 μ.X."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"], "el": ["Ρωμαϊκή"]}, "editorialNote": "http://www.ime.gr/chronos/07/gr/society/index.html; http://www.ime.gr/chronos/07/gr/chronology/index.html\n\nEnd date established with last item on the timeline for this period, since not explicitly stated elsewhere: foundation of Constantinople.", "id": "p0339m967sz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Ρωμαϊκή", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "note": "full credits: http://www.ime.gr/chronos/07/en/credits.html", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0339m9n7g7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-348050"}, "label": "350.000 πριν από σήμερα"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-98050"}, "label": "100.000 πριν από σήμερα"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"], "el": ["Κατώτερη Παλαιολιθική"]}, "editorialNote": "http://www.ime.gr/chronos/01/gr/pl/housing/index.html", "id": "p0339m9n7g7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Κατώτερη Παλαιολιθική", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "note": "full credits: http://www.ime.gr/chronos/01/en/credits.html", "languageTag": "el"}, "p0339m999qk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 π.Χ."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/el", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 π.Χ."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dark Age"], "el": ["Σκοτεινοί χρόνοι"]}, "editorialNote": "http://www.ime.gr/chronos/03/gr/general/index.html", "id": "p0339m999qk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Σκοτεινοί χρόνοι", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "note": "full credits: http://www.ime.gr/chronos/03/en/credits.html", "languageTag": "el"}}}, "p09xsbn": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Greek art and archaeology John Griffiths Pedley.", "yearPublished": 2007, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/201147248", "creators": [{"name": "Pedley, John Griffiths.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/51702265"}]}, "locator": "chronological chart in fig. 1.3"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p09xsbn", "periods": {"p09xsbn7ptr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p09xsbn7ptr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic IIIA"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Helladic IIIA", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p09xsbnfxsx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p09xsbnfxsx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic", "Early Greek"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Archaic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p09xsbnpsgp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p09xsbnpsgp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dark Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Dark Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p09xsbn5x3b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p09xsbn5x3b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Helladic"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Middle Helladic", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "1550 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0ctc35": {"source": {"title": "Roman Britain : outpost of the Empire", "yearPublished": 1979, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "creators": [{"name": "Scullard, H. H. (Howard Hayes), 1903-1983.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/47377454"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0ctc35", "periods": {"p0ctc35r2h7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ctc35r2h7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Flavian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "locator": "page 43"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Flavian", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "96 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ctc35tdmp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0149"}, "label": "150 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ctc35tdmp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gallo-Belgic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "locator": "pages 25-26"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Gallo-Belgic", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0054"}, "label": "55 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ctc35dj5f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "750 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ctc35dj5f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "locator": "page 10"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Hallstatt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ctc35fr8g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "96 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ctc35fr8g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Empire"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "locator": "pages 179-180"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "High Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0192"}, "label": "192 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ctc35hdbp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1799"}, "label": "1800 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ctc35hdbp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "locator": "page 10"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Bronze Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0669"}, "label": "670 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ctc357stj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ctc357stj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "locator": "page 179-181"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Roman", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "410 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ctc359kcx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ctc359kcx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tene"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "locator": "page 10"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "La Tene", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0054"}, "label": "55 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ctc358p9w": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0669"}, "label": "670 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ctc358p9w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "locator": "page 10"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Iron Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0054"}, "label": "55 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ctc35kv5d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ctc35kv5d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Julio-Claudian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4720505", "locator": "page 179"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Julio-Claudian", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0pf7xr": {"source": {"title": "Outlines of the world's history, ancient, mediæval, and modern, with special relation to the history of civilization and the progress of mankind", "contributors": [], "yearPublished": "1874", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "creators": [{"name": "William Swinton", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/60663152"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0pf7xr", "editorialNote": "References pulled from scan of 1876 edition from http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433082388566", "periods": {"p0pf7xrrm3c": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0508"}, "label": "509 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"The history of Rome as a republic...naturally divides itself into four Epochs... I. Epoch of the Struggle for Existence, beginning with the establishment of the republic and ending with the Gaulish invasion of Italy, 509-390 B.C.\", page 136.\n\"The Roman Republic\", page 136.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epoch of the Struggle for Existence"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0389"}, "label": "390 B.C."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "page 136"}, "label": "Epoch of the Struggle for Existence", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Republic", "id": "p0pf7xrrm3c", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pf7xrcm74": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0752"}, "label": "753 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"Tradition hands down the names of seven kings ruled Rome during the regal period (753 - 509 B.C.)\", page 134.\n\"Latium: Dominion of Primeval Rome\", per the map on page 133.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["regal period"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0508"}, "label": "509 B.C."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "page 134"}, "label": "regal period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "id": "p0pf7xrcm74", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pf7xr4x4z": {"id": "p0pf7xr4x4z", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1099", "earliestYear": "1000"}, "label": "11th century"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "Republic of Macedonia"}], "label": "Dark Ages", "editorialNote": "This section is connected to \"Europe\" as defined by the map provided on page 220.", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0499", "earliestYear": "0400"}, "label": "5th century"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dark Ages"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "Page 212"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "note": "\"...the interval from the 5th to the 11th century is sometimes called specifically the Dark Ages.\"\n\"Europe\", page 220, map.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pf7xr8cw8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700 b.c."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"First Period (or period of the old empire), from the earliest times (say 2700 b. c.) to 2080..\" page 17.\n\"Ancient Egypt comprised three divisions, — Lower Egypt, or the Delta ; Middle Egypt, or the Heptanomis ; Upper Egypt, or the Thebais.\" with map, page 13.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Period", "period of the old empire"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2079"}, "label": "2080 b.c."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "page 17"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "First Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "id": "p0pf7xr8cw8", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pf7xrpjj8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0389"}, "label": "390 B.C"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"The history of Rome as a republic...naturally divides itself into four Epochs... II. Epoch of the Roman Conquest of Italy, from the Gaulish invasion to the complete subjugation of the peninsula, after the repulse of Pyrrhus, 390-266 B.C.\", page 136.\n\"The Roman Republic\", page 136.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epoch of the Roman Conquest of Italy"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0265"}, "label": "266 B.C"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "page 136"}, "label": "Epoch of the Roman Conquest of Italy", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Republic", "id": "p0pf7xrpjj8", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pf7xr2377": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0132"}, "label": "133 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"The history of Rome as a republic...naturally divides itself into four Epochs... IV. Epoch of Civil Strife, from the Gracchi to the establishment of the Empire under Augustus, 133-27 B.C.\", page 136.\n\"The Roman Republic\", page 136.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epoch of Civil Strife"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0026"}, "label": "27 B.C."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "page 136"}, "label": "Epoch of Civil Strife", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "id": "p0pf7xr2377", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pf7xrfft9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0265"}, "label": "266 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"The history of Rome as a republic...naturally divides itself into four Epochs... III. Epoch of Foreign Conquest, including the Punic and Macedonian wars down to the beginning of civil strife under the Gracchi, 266- 133 B.C.\", page 136.\n\"The Roman Republic\", page 136.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epoch of Foreign Conquest"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0132"}, "label": "133 B.C."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "page 136"}, "label": "Epoch of Foreign Conquest", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Republic", "id": "p0pf7xrfft9", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pf7xrnhk3": {"id": "p0pf7xrnhk3", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1524"}, "label": "1525 b.c."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Second Period", "editorialNote": "Noted in listing on page 17, with details on page 18. Spatial information from earlier in the chapter, page 13.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2079"}, "label": "2080 b.c."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Period", "period of the Hyk'sos rule"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "page 17"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "note": "\"Second Period (or period of the Hyk'sos rule), from 2080 to 1527.\" page 17.\n\"The Second Period is the era covered by the rule of the Hyksos, or Shepherd Kings, and lasts for about five centuries (2080 - 1525 b.c.).\"\n\"Ancient Egypt comprised three divisions, — Lower Egypt, or the Delta ; Middle Egypt, or the Heptanomis ; Upper Egypt, or the Thebais.\" page 13.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pf7xr2szm": {"id": "p0pf7xr2szm", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1499", "earliestYear": "1450"}, "label": "close of the 15th century of our era"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "Republic of Macedonia"}], "label": "Middle Ages", "editorialNote": "This reference is connected \"Europe\" as shown in the map provided by the author.", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0499", "earliestYear": "0450"}, "label": "close of the 5th... century of our era"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Ages"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "Page 212"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "note": "\"The first part constitutes what is usually called the Middle Ages. This period embraces one thousand years ; that is, it extends from about the close of the 5th to the close of the 15th century of our era.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pf7xr7sbd": {"id": "p0pf7xr7sbd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0524"}, "label": "525 b.c."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Third Period", "editorialNote": "Noted in listing on page 17, with details on page 19. Spatial information from earlier in the chapter, page 13.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1526"}, "label": "1527 b.c."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Period", "period of the new empire"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671596128", "locator": "page 17"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "note": "\"Third Period (or period of the new empire), from 1527 to 525.\" page 17.\n\"The revival of Egyptian independence by the expulsion of the 'Shepherds' introduces us to the Third Period, or that of the New Empire. This continues for about one thousand years (1527-525 b.c.)...\" page 19.\n\"Ancient Egypt comprised three divisions, — Lower Egypt, or the Delta ; Middle Egypt, or the Heptanomis ; Upper Egypt, or the Thebais.\" page 13.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0rrjd9": {"source": {"citation": "INRAP: Institut National de Recherches Archeologiques Preventives", "title": "INRAP: Chronologie Generale", "url": "http://www.inrap.fr/archeologie-preventive/Ressources/Dossiers-multimedias/Chronologie/Chronologie-des-periodes-de-l-histoire-et-de-l-archeologie/p-12505-Chronologie-interactive800-000-ans-eclaires-par-l-archeologie-version-texte-.htm", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "yearPublished": "2007", "creators": [{"name": "INRAP"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0rrjd9", "editorialNote": "Source uses \"avant notre ère\" interchangeably with ISO8601 dates in the \"-\" form. 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{"en": ["Grecizing Geometric"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32590556", "locator": "pages 27-28"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Grecizing Geometric", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Etruria", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0633", "earliestYear": "-0666"}, "label": "mid seventh century B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ccnvbpfm3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "480 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ccnvbpfm3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Transitional", "Proto-Classical"]}, "editorialNote": "Brendel also calls this period \"Proto-Classical\" (e.g. 283ff).", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32590556", "locator": "page 259"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Transitional", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Etruria", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 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(Christopher Havemeyer), 1972-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/83499138"}]}, "locator": "page 12"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0cmdf9", "periods": {"p0cmdf9kmfv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0679"}, "label": "680 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0546"}, "label": "547 BCE"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Lydian", "Mermnad"]}, "id": "p0cmdf9kmfv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Middle Lydian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lydia", "note": "R's Middle Lydian period is coterminous with the Mermnad dynasty: chronological chart on p. 12", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cmdf9ntkh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0679"}, "label": "680 BCE"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Lydian", "Early Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0cmdf9ntkh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Lydian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lydia", "note": "From chronological table on p. 12; = Lydian \"Early Iron Age\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cmdf94cnf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0546"}, "label": "547 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0333"}, "label": "334 BCE"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Lydian", "Achaemenid"]}, "id": "p0cmdf94cnf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Lydian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lydia", "note": "From chronology chart on p. 12; = Achaemenid period", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cmdf9qqdg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cmdf9qqdg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "ca. 1600 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Bronze Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lydia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0bd664": {"source": {"title": "Egypt, Greece and Rome", "yearPublished": 2004, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "creators": [{"name": "Freeman, Charles.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/97824134"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0bd664", "periods": {"p0bd6642s92": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0619"}, "label": "620 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd6642s92", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 591"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Archaic Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "480 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664ktkv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664ktkv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dark Ages"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 590"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Dark Ages", "editorialNote": "GeoDia had Late Period 664 and 760 B.C. to 332 B.C. (unclear).", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd6644jns": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd6644jns", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Israelite"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "pages 587-588"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "label": "Israelite", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0923"}, "label": "c.924 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd6642r9q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1639"}, "label": "1640 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd6642r9q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Intermediate Period", "Hyksos rule"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 585"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Second Intermediate Period", "editorialNote": "GeoDia had 1795-1550 B.C., and Hyksos from 1650-1550 B.C.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1531"}, "label": "1532 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd66442fn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd66442fn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Villanovan period"]}, "editorialNote": "added", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 599"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Villanovan period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Etruria", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0759"}, "label": "760 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd66487b6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2599"}, "label": "2600 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd66487b6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Old Kingdom"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 585"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Old Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2129"}, "label": "2130 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664243d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664243d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 586"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35355", "label": "Sumer"}], "label": "Bronze Age", "editorialNote": "GeoDia had Amarna 1352-1336 B.C. (Egyptian capital) and Bronze Age 3150-1070 B.C.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "c.1000 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664c848": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0335"}, "label": "336 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664c848", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 596"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Hellenistic Age", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "31 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664gkrp": {"start": {"label": "565 A.D.", "in": {"year": "0565"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664gkrp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine Empire"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 678"}, "label": "Byzantine Empire", "editorialNote": "This entry, originally associated with p. 612 of the 2004 edition, seems instead to be derived from the timeline at the end of the book, which indicates AD 565 (the death of Justinian) as the moment at which the Eastern Empire \"is... normally referred to as the Byzantine Empire\", and the 640s and the period of Islamic expansion as a time after which \"[a] reduced Byzantine state maintains its independence until the sack of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks in 1453.\" Gates seems to imply, somewhat idiosyncratically, that only the period after Justinian qualifies as \"Byzantine\" and only the period before the Arab conquest qualifies as \"Empire\". ", "stop": {"label": "640s A.D.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0640", "latestYear": "0649"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664mq9k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2039"}, "label": "2040 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664mq9k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Kingdom"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 585"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Middle Kingdom", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1639"}, "label": "1640 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664fgvj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1849"}, "label": "1850 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664fgvj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hittite"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 587"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Hittite", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664mwkq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "1550 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664mwkq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New Kingdom"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 585"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "New Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1069"}, "label": "1070 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664n3ft": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664n3ft", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Old Palace Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 589"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "label": "Old Palace Period", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd66485rk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2129"}, "label": "2130 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd66485rk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Intermediate Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 585"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "First Intermediate Period", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2039"}, "label": "2040 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664m9wp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664m9wp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New Palace Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 589"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "label": "New Palace Period", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1424"}, "label": "1425 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664nvzc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664nvzc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Dynastic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 585"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Early Dynastic", "editorialNote": "GeoDia had 3000-2613 B.C.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2599"}, "label": "2600 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664tb47": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664tb47", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Assyrian"]}, "editorialNote": "added", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 587"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "label": "Assyrian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Euphrates, Cyprus, southern Anatolia, Palestine, Syria, Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0604"}, "label": "605 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd66427t9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1059"}, "label": "1060 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd66427t9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Intermediate period", "Third Intermediate Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 586"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Third Intermediate period", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0663"}, "label": "664 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd6643st9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "480 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd6643st9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 592"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Classical Age", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0403"}, "label": "404 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd664xzrb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd664xzrb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mycenaean"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 589"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Mycenaean", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0bd6643bzr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0729"}, "label": "730 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0bd6643bzr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Orientalizing Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53156026", "locator": "page 590"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Orientalizing Period", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0629"}, "label": "630 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0ms2ch": {"source": {"partOf": {"partOf": {"title": "Excavations at Nichoria in Southwest Greece. 3, Dark age and Byzantine occupation.", "contributors": [{"name": "MacDonald, William A.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/111563392"}, {"name": "Coulson, William D.E.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/46784178"}], "yearPublished": 1983, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58641827"}, "title": "The Dark Age at Nichoria: A Perspective", "creators": [{"name": "W. A. McDonald"}, {"name": "W. D. E. Coulson"}]}, "locator": "page 319"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0ms2ch", "periods": {"p0ms2ch6k6q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1074"}, "label": "ca. 1075 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0974"}, "label": "975 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["DAI", "Dark Age I"]}, "id": "p0ms2ch6k6q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "DAI", "note": "CC307C, Spring 2011, group 3: Tyler Conlin and Morgan Newton", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ms2ch58wg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "ca. 800 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "750 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["DAIII", "Dark Age III"]}, "id": "p0ms2ch58wg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "DAIII", "note": "CC307C, Spring 2011, group 3: Tyler Conlin and Morgan Newton", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ms2chvhsq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0974"}, "label": "ca. 975 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["DAII", "Dark Age II"]}, "id": "p0ms2chvhsq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "DAII", "note": "CC307C, Spring 2011, group 3: Tyler Conlin and Morgan Newton; note that this period subsumes a separate period \"Dark Age II/III\" that Conlin and Newton drew from McDonald and Coulson, and date 850-800 B.C.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ms2chk8gk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "ca. 750 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Geometric"]}, "id": "p0ms2chk8gk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Late Geometric", "note": "CC307C, Spring 2011, group 3: Tyler Conlin and Morgan Newton", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0ms2chfwkv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0ms2chfwkv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["DAII/III", "Dark Age II/III"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0849"}, "label": "ca. 850 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "DAII/III", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0s7jn8": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Uplands of ancient Sicily and Calabria : the archaeology of landscape revisited", "contributors": [{"name": "Accordia Research Institute.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/124058754"}, {"name": "Fitzjohn, Matthew.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/79222092"}], "yearPublished": 2007, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/231810256"}, "locator": "page 197"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0s7jn8", "periods": {"p0s7jn85n7t": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0s7jn85n7t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Classical"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Late Classical", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0s7jn8xtgc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0240"}, "label": "241 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic"]}, "id": "p0s7jn8xtgc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Hellenistic", "note": "Period ends with Roman annexation of Sicily, 241 B.C.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0jrrjb": {"source": {"citation": "Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. 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Fascicule 2, Musée du Louvre. 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Voir pour la France: Pottier, 'Catalogue des vases du Musée du Louvre, IIIe partie, l'École Attique.--Perrot, 'Hist. de l'art', tome X.--Dugas, article 'Vasa' du 'Dict. des Antiq.' de Saglio.--Pour l'Angleterre: Walters-Birch, 'History of ancient Pottery', tome I.--Pour l'Italie: Ducati, 'Storia della ceramica greca' (en cours de publication).--Pour l'Allemagne: Furtwaengler-Reichhold-Hauser, 'Griechische Vasenmalerei'.--Hoeber, 'Griech. Vasen'.--Buschor, 'Griech. Vasenmalerei'.--Pfuhl, 'Malerei und Zeichnung der Griechen'.\"", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Style Attique à Figures Noires", "Style du VIe Siècle", "Attic Black Figure", "6th Century Style"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "VIe siècle"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/489877202", "locator": "III H e"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Style Attique à Figures Noires", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Attique (Grèce)", "id": "p0pp7vz82n6", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0pp7vzrffc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000 av. J.-C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "note": "\"Sur la seconde catégorie du style proto-élamite et sur les liens de suture qui existent entre la première période, placée avant l'an 3000 av. J.-C., et la deuxième période, placée par approximation vers 3000 au 2800, voir notre [Pottier's] étude sur les vases peints de l'Acropole de Suse, dans les 'Mémoirs de la délégation en Perse', t. XIII (1912), p. 41 et sv., p. 61-62, p. 144 et sv.; et dans le 'Catalogue des antiquités de la Susiane au Musée du Louvre', par M. Pézard et E. Pottier, le chapitre sur la céramique, p. 230 et sv., p. 236 à 238\"", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Style Proto-Élamite, Deuxième Période"], "en": ["Proto-Elamite Style, Second Period"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2799"}, "label": "2800 av. 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"label": "2400 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rsv4jw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1189"}, "label": "1190 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rsv4jw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic IIIC"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Helladic IIIC", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1079"}, "label": "1080 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rs2sm8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rs2sm8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Helladic III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Middle Helladic III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rsxqjg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rsxqjg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cycladic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Cycladic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rs49w9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1079"}, "label": "1080 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rs49w9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sub-Mycenaean"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Sub-Mycenaean", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rskzxm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rskzxm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Helladic I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rspbsq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rspbsq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Cycladic II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Cycladic II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1389"}, "label": "1390 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rskwh2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1899"}, "label": "1900 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rskwh2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan IB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": 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"p0qp9rs358t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rs358t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic IIIB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Helladic IIIB", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1189"}, "label": "1190 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rsv7rs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1389"}, "label": "1390 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rsv7rs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IIIA1"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": 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IIA"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Helladic IIA", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2399"}, "label": "2400 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rs53cr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1369"}, "label": "1370 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rs53cr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic IIIA2"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Helladic IIIA2", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rsm6w2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1079"}, "label": "1080 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rsm6w2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sub-Minoan"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Sub-Minoan", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rs5b5t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1389"}, "label": "1390 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rs5b5t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Cycladic III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Cycladic III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1079"}, "label": "1080 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rsfc6j": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2399"}, "label": "2400 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rsfc6j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic IIB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Helladic IIB", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qp9rsh2hd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0qp9rsh2hd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Cycladic I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185123526", "locator": "page 4"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Middle Cycladic I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aegean", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1899"}, "label": "1900 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p05hrsf": {"source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/228741004", "title": "A new chart of history. To Benjamin Franklin LL. D.F.R.S. this chart is in testimony of esteem & friendship, inscribed by his most obliged humble servt. Joseph Priestley.", "yearPublished": "1769", "creators": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/120696744", "name": "Joseph Priestley"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p05hrsf", "periods": {"p05hrsfwxqw": {"start": {"label": "earlier than 80 BC", "in": {"year": "-0080"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfwxqw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chinese"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\n\nStrangely, Priestley pays almost no attention to the well-documented history of southern China; although he mentions the Song Dynasty, he only provides an end-date -- the beginning of Chinese history in the timeline is just the edge of the horizontal bar and the legend \"Chinese\". We have used the start of that horizontal bar as an arbitrary start-date.\n", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Chinese", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern China", "stop": {"label": "1260", "in": {"earliestYear": "1260", "latestYear": "1279"}}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"China\", p. 85: \"This empire is certainly of very great antiquity; but, like other antient nations, has been aggrandized by fables. The first monarch is said to have been Fohi, whom the defenders of Chinese antiquities pretend to have been the fame with Noah; but omitting these pretended antiquities, the first foreign invasion of China was made by the Kitans in 946... [Oktay] attacked the Song in 1235, and made them tributary in 1260, but they were finally conquered by Kublay in 1279.\""}, "p05hrsfjt9c": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1661"}, "label": "1661"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfjt9c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English New York"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nSpatial coverage inferred from discussion of geographical boundaries of the Province of New York at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Province_of_New_York#Geography. \n\nUnlike the other regions, in the area of the original US states a hard line is added in the chart to mark the end of the English period between 1770 and 1780, presumably at the date of the Declaration of Independence in 1776; after this line, all the US States appear as \"United-States\" up to the margin (approximately 1795).", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "English New York", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New England and New York", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "1776"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1384", "label": "New York"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16551", "label": "Vermont"}]}, "p05hrsfm72b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1531"}, "label": "1531"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfm72b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish Peru"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"America\""}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "label": "Spanish Peru", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peru", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfs2qr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1215"}, "label": "1215"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfs2qr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kings of Fez"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}], "label": "Kings of Fez", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1515"}, "label": "1515"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfps64": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0330"}, "label": "331 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfps64", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Macedonians"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\n", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Macedonians", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 BC"}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Egypt\", pp. 89-90: \"They seem to have been subject to Cyrus about 534, but, probably rebelling, were reduced by Cambyses in 525; and although Egypt several times revolted, it was always recovered by the Persians, and was part of that empire when Alexander the Great put an end to it in 331 B.C. In 30 B.C. it was reduced to a Roman province, and continued a part of the Roman empire, till it was conquered by the Saracens in 640.\""}, "p05hrsfrbn2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1670"}, "label": "1670"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfrbn2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Carolina"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nUnlike the other regions, in the area of the original US states a hard line is added in the chart to mark the end of the English period between 1770 and 1780, presumably at the date of the Declaration of Independence in 1776; after this line, all the US States appear as \"United-States\" up to the margin (approximately 1795).", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "English Carolina", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Carolina", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "1776"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1454", "label": "North Carolina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1456", "label": "South Carolina"}]}, "p05hrsfmskw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1275"}, "label": "1275"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfmskw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kingdom of Peru"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\n\"Kingdom of Peru\" clearly refers to the Inca Empire.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "label": "Kingdom of Peru", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peru", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1532"}, "label": "1532"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfjm2q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0533"}, "label": "about 534 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfjm2q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Persians"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\n", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Persians", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0330"}, "label": "331 BC"}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Egypt\", p. 89: \"They seem to have been subject to Cyrus about 534, but, probably rebelling, were reduced by Cambyses in 525; and although Egypt several times revolted, it was always recovered by the Persians, and was part of that empire when Alexander the Great put an end to it in 331 B.C.\""}, "p05hrsff4wj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1580"}, "label": "1580"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsff4wj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turks in Egypt"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}], "label": "Turks in Egypt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tunis", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1590"}, "label": "1590"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf8n7p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1240"}, "label": "1240"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf8n7p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mamluks"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Mamluks", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1520"}, "label": "1520"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfxsz6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1720"}, "label": "1720"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfxsz6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French Louisiana"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nSpatial coverage derived from map of New France, with La Louisiane differentiated from Canada and the English colonies by color, by Nicolas de Fer, 1719: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:La_Nouvelle-France.jpg#/media/File:La_Nouvelle-France.jpg.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "French Louisiana", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Louisiana", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1760"}, "label": "1760"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1588", "label": "Louisiana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1612", "label": "Arkansas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q173", "label": "Alabama"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1494", "label": "Mississippi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1428", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1509", "label": "Tennessee"}]}, "p05hrsfbqw9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0811"}, "label": "about 811"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfbqw9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Empire of Leoutong"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nLeautong was a region northwest of the Korean peninsula, between Korea and China.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}], "label": "Empire of Leautong", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Leautong", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1101"}, "label": "1101"}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. Leautong, p. 86: \"This empire began about 811, and the inhabitants of this country, called Kitans, being increased by many colonies from Korea in 1033, became very considerable, and changed their name to Lyau. In 1011 this empire was destroyed by the Chinese, in conjunction with the Niuche, or Eastern Tartars, who immediately established themselves in this country, which is in the northern parts of China.\""}, "p05hrsfxghz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1220"}, "label": "1220"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfxghz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kings of Tremecen"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}], "label": "Kings of Tremecen", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tremecen", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1515"}, "label": "1515"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsffzwr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1620"}, "label": "1620"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsffzwr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New England"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nSpatial coverage: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut.\n\nUnlike the other regions, in the area of the original US states a hard line is added in the chart to mark the end of the English period between 1770 and 1780, presumably at the date of the Declaration of Independence in 1776; after this line, all the US States appear as \"United-States\" up to the margin (approximately 1795).", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "\"New England & New York\" in row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "English New England", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New England", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "1776"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18389", "label": "New England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q724", "label": "Maine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16551", "label": "Vermont"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q759", "label": "New Hampshire"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q779", "label": "Connecticut"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1387", "label": "Rhode Island"}]}, "p05hrsf6926": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1520"}, "label": "1520"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf6926", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spaniards"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nSpatial coverage: Florida", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "Spaniards", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1760"}, "label": "1760"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}]}, "p05hrsf43km": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1760"}, "label": "1760"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf43km", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Canada"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nCanada was not yet fully explored or claimed at this time, so in present-day terms, it would only include the Eastern Canadian provinces.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "English Canada", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Canada, Nova Scotia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16", "label": "Canada"}]}, "p05hrsftkgs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1117"}, "label": "1117"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsftkgs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kin"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nIn \"A description of a new chart of History\", the spatial reference here is to China, although the space on the timeline occupies the same row as the \"Empire of Leautong\" and the Kitans. \"Leautong\" is treated as a separate northern state in China.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Kin", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China; Leautong", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1234"}, "label": "1234"}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, p. 85: \"In 1117 the Kin Tartars, at the invitation of the princes of the Song dynasty, who reigned in the southern parts of China, invaded and destroyed the empire of the Kitans, but at the same time made the Song themselves tributary. In 1211 Jenghis Khan invaded China, and in 1234 his son Oktay put an end to the dynasty of the Kin.\""}, "p05hrsf6v84": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1340"}, "label": "1340"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf6v84", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Empire of Mexico"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\n\"Empire of Mexico\" clearly refers to the Aztec Empire.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "label": "Empire of Mexico", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "1521"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfd276": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0910"}, "label": "910"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfd276", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fatemites"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Fatemites", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1060"}, "label": "1060"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf4j2j": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0026"}, "label": "27 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf4j2j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Romans"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}], "label": "Romans", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfmkp8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1610"}, "label": "1610"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfmkp8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dutch New England and New York"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nSpatial coverage derived from a 1684 Map of New Netherland by Nicolaes Visscher II: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Netherland#/media/File:New_Netherland_'NOVI_BELGII_NOVAEQUE_ANGLIAE_NEC_NON_PARTIS_VIRGINIAE_TABULA'.jpg.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "Dutch New England and New York", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New England and New York", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18389", "label": "New England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1384", "label": "New York"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1408", "label": "New Jersey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1393", "label": "Delaware"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q779", "label": "Connecticut"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16551", "label": "Vermont"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q759", "label": "New Hampshire"}]}, "p05hrsfmgpg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1180"}, "label": "1180"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfmgpg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Almohedes"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Almohedes", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tunis and Tripoli", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1205"}, "label": "1205"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfhw2k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1205"}, "label": "1205"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfhw2k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kingdom of Algiers"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}], "label": "Kingdom of Algiers", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Algiers", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1515"}, "label": "1515"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfx8t4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0630"}, "label": "630"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfx8t4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Great Empire of Tangut"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas. In the case of the spatial coverage of the value \"Thibet\", which for Priestley does not seem to match modern national boundaries, we have used the countries where the geopolitical phenomena he associates with \"Thibet\" (e.g. the Tangut Empire) took place.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Great Empire of Tangut", "spatialCoverageDescription": "the whole region between China and Indostan; Thibet", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1227"}, "label": "1227"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17252", "label": "Tibet"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}], "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, p. 84: \"In 630 Ki-tzon, king of Tufan or Sifan, possessed a vast empire in this part of Asia, including the whole region between China and Indostan; but it began to decay about 842, the emperor Itay having no issue. In 1015 it was divided into several states, which were all conquered by Jenghis Khan in 1227. At what time this country became independent of the Tartars is not known, but in 1716 Thibet, the remains of it, was conquered by the Chinese.\""}, "p05hrsf5bwb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1515"}, "label": "1515"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf5bwb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sharifs of Morocco"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}], "label": "Sharifs of Morocco", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf8d86": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0949"}, "label": "950 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf8d86", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Carthaginians"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}], "label": "Carthaginians", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Carthage", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0149"}, "label": "150 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsffcxn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0039"}, "label": "40 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsffcxn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Romans"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\n\nIn this case, spatial coverage is determined by the reference to Numidians on one side of this bar and to Algiers on the other.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}], "label": "Romans", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Algiers", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfcsgg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0640"}, "label": "640"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfcsgg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Saracens"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Saracens", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli, Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0910"}, "label": "910"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf3wzm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1735"}, "label": "1735"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf3wzm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Georgia"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nUnlike the other regions, in the area of the original US states a hard line is added in the chart to mark the end of the English period between 1770 and 1780, presumably at the date of the Declaration of Independence in 1776; after this line, all the US States appear as \"United-States\" up to the margin (approximately 1795).", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "English Georgia", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Georgia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "1776"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1428", "label": "Georgia"}]}, "p05hrsfgmxp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0565"}, "label": "566 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfgmxp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Babylonians"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Babylonians", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0533"}, "label": "about 534 BC"}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Egypt\", p. 89: \"Nebuchadnezzar king of the Babylon conquered this country in 566, but towards the end of this monarch the Egyptians recovered their liberty. They seem to have been subject to Cyrus about 534...\""}, "p05hrsfhxf4": {"start": {"label": "1643", "in": {"earliestYear": "1644", "latestYear": "1645"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfhxf4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manchu Qing Dynasty"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\n\"Manchew Tartars\" seems to refer to the Manchu Qing Dynasty.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Manchew Tartars", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"China\", p. 85: \"In 1643 the Manchew Tartars invaded China, and completed the conquest in 1645.\""}, "p05hrsfsrsj": {"start": {"label": "1215", "in": {"earliestYear": "1215", "latestYear": "1280"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfsrsj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mongols"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nSpatial coverage falls within the \"China\" bar, but seems to refer to at least four geographic subdivisions in the chronological coverage, none of which are specified.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Mungls", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "stop": {"label": "1360", "in": {"earliestYear": "1360", "latestYear": "1370"}}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf3dsh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1230"}, "label": "1230"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf3dsh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mungls"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas. In the case of the spatial coverage of the value \"Thibet\", which for Priestley does not seem to match modern national boundaries, we have used the countries where the geopolitical phenomena he associates with \"Thibet\" (e.g. the Tangut Empire) took place.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Mungls", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Thibet", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1580"}, "label": "1580"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17252", "label": "Tibet"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}]}, "p05hrsfbrrc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfbrrc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eastern Empire"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\n\nThis period covers the Eastern Roman Empire in Africa except for Egypt before the period of Vandal control.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Eastern Empire", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0440"}, "label": "440"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf2f84": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1664"}, "label": "1664"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf2f84", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manchew TarTars", "Manchu Qing Dynasty"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Manchew Tartars", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Corea", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}], "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Korea\", p. 86: \"In 112 B.C. Ki-tze is said to have been the first king of this country, but in 201 after Christ, it was conquered by the Japanese, and it is uncertain when it recovered its independency. In 1224 it became tributary to Jenghis Khan, and in 1664 was conquered by Shunchi, the first prince of the second Tartar dynasty.\""}, "p05hrsfxmvz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1060"}, "label": "1060"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfxmvz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Almoravides"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Almoravides", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1120"}, "label": "1120"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfjg9r": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfjg9r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Eastern Empire"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Romans", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfzgdb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1761"}, "label": "1761"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfzgdb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Florida"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nSpatial coverage: Florida.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "English Florida", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}]}, "p05hrsfb8mj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0870"}, "label": "870"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfb8mj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tolonides"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Tolonides", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0910"}, "label": "910"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfw3pd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1550"}, "label": "1550"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfw3pd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turks in Egypt"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Turks in Egypt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tripoli", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfb78b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1206"}, "label": "1206"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfb78b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mongols"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\n\nSpatial coverage seems to refer to northern (Outer) Mongolia and southern (Inner) Mongolia. Start date inferred from careful placement of start line just to the right of the line for 1200.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}], "label": "Mungls", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mogulestan, Khalkas", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1582"}, "label": "1582"}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, p. 84: \"[Jenghis Khan] was acknowledged sovereign of this country [Mogulestan], and of all the rest of Tartary in 1206... In 1582 the Mungls revolted from the descendants of Jenghis Khan, and became subject to the Manchew Tartars, who now reign in China.\""}, "p05hrsfc66p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1720"}, "label": "1720"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfc66p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manchu Qing Dynasty"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas. In the case of the spatial coverage of the value \"Thibet\", which for Priestley does not seem to match modern national boundaries, we have used the countries where the geopolitical phenomena he associates with \"Thibet\" (e.g. the Tangut Empire) took place.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Manchew Tartars", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Thibet", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17252", "label": "Tibet"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}]}, "p05hrsf59nz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1190"}, "label": "1190"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf59nz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Almohedes"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}], "label": "Almohedes", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tremecen", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1215"}, "label": "1215"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf9px4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0145"}, "label": "146 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf9px4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Romans"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\n\nThe start date seems to be indicated by the end of the Carthaginian period, which Priestley would have recognized as 146 BC, and in fact the chart suggests a point between 150 and 140 BC.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Romans", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tunis and Tripoli", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf8h98": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1120"}, "label": "1120"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf8h98", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Almohedes"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}], "label": "Almohedes", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1220"}, "label": "1220"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfpvsn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0980"}, "label": "980"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfpvsn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fatemites in Egypt"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Fatemites in Egypt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1180"}, "label": "1180"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfwkhj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1549"}, "label": "1549"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfwkhj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Portuguese Brasil"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nWhile Portuguese activity in Brazil began in 1500, the position of the starting line for this period on the timeline suggests that Priestley was beginning with the establishment of a central government for the colony in 1549.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "Portuguese Brasil", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brasil", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfbf96": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1582"}, "label": "around 1582"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfbf96", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Thibet"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas. In the case of the spatial coverage of the value \"Thibet\", which for Priestley does not seem to match modern national boundaries, we have used the countries where the geopolitical phenomena he associates with \"Thibet\" (e.g. the Tangut Empire) took place.\n\nThe start date for this period is marked as uncertain in the text and the chart, but is aligned with the date assigned to the Mongol subjection to the Qing Dynasty in 1582.\n\n", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Thibet", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Thibet", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1716"}, "label": "1716"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17252", "label": "Tibet"}], "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, p. 84: \"At what time this country became independent of the Tartars is not known, but in 1716 Thibet, the remains of it, was conquered by the Chinese.\""}, "p05hrsfqfjp": {"start": {"label": "1383 to 1687", "in": {"earliestYear": "1383", "latestYear": "1687"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfqfjp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["TarTars in Indostan", "Timurid Empire", "Mogul Empire", "Moghul Empire", "Mughal Empire"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nWith the exception of the area occupied by the former Ghaznavid dynasty, where the 14th-century succession was Timurid, the \"Tartars\" in Indostan seem to be the Mughal dynasty from 1530 onward.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"India\""}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43100", "label": "Kashmir"}], "label": "Tartars in Indostan", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indostan", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. Indostan, pp. 82-83: \"...in 1383 Timur Bek conquered Candahar. In 1396 he invaded the rest of India, and in 1399 he entered Delhi the capital of it, conquering the remains of Mahmud Gazni's empire\"; p. 83: \"when Sultan Babr was expelled from Buccharia by the Usbeks, he was obliged to fight his way into India, where he firmly established himself in 1530, and conquered the whole of it, except Decan, Guzerat, and Bengal. In 1538 Bengal was conquered by the Great Moguls (as the reigning princes of this family were then called) and about 1558 Guzerat was conquered by Akbar, who also conquered Candahar, which had become independent. In 1621 Shah Abbas of Persia conquered Candahar. In 1687 Golkonda and Visapour were conquered by the Moguls.\""}, "p05hrsfvtkq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0440"}, "label": "440"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfvtkq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vandals"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Vandals", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0530"}, "label": "530"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfh2h7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1530"}, "label": "1530"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfh2h7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French Canada"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nCanada was not yet fully explored or claimed at this time, so in present-day terms, it would only include the Eastern Canadian provinces.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "label": "French Canada", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Canada, Nova Scotia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1760"}, "label": "1760"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16", "label": "Canada"}]}, "p05hrsfcczh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0111"}, "label": "112 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Korea\", p. 86: \"In 112 B.C. Ki-tze is said to have been the first king of this country, but in 201 after Christ, it was conquered by the Japanese, and it is uncertain when it recovered its independency. In 1224 it became tributary to Jenghis Khan, and in 1664 was conquered by Shunchi, the first prince of the second Tartar dynasty.\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kings of Corea"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "201"}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nSpatial coverage is the Korean peninsula. Note that while the chart itself uses \"Corea\", the accompanying text uses \"Korea\".", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Kings of Corea", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Corea", "id": "p05hrsfcczh", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p05hrsfcrpz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0667"}, "label": "668 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfcrpz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Egyptians"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\n", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Egyptians", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0565"}, "label": "566 BC"}, "languageTag": "en", "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Egypt\", p. 89: \"... in 668 [Egypt] revolted from the Assyrians... Nebuchadnezzar king of the Babylon conquered this country in 566.\""}, "p05hrsfz8k8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "1521"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfz8k8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish Mexico"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.\n\nSpatial coverage derived from the extent of the Spanish empire in North America as of 1819, including Alta California, New Mexico, and Texas: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Viceroyalty_of_New_Spain_Location_1819_(without_Philippines).png.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'America'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1261", "label": "Colorado"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q816", "label": "Arizona"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1522", "label": "New Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1227", "label": "Nevada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q829", "label": "Utah"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q99", "label": "California"}], "label": "Spanish Mexico", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf7qhc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1180"}, "label": "1180"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf7qhc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ajubites"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Ajubites", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1250"}, "label": "1250"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsf9j6t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0650"}, "label": "around 650"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsf9j6t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Corea"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\n\nThe text is entirely uncertain about when Korea became independent from early Japanese domination, but the timeline places at dotted (uncertain) line at around 650. Spatial coverage is the entire Korean peninsula.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Corea", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Corea", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1664"}, "label": "1664"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}], "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Korea\", p. 86: \"In 112 B.C. Ki-tze is said to have been the first king of this country, but in 201 after Christ, it was conquered by the Japanese, and it is uncertain when it recovered its independency. In 1224 it became tributary to Jenghis Khan, and in 1664 was conquered by Shunchi, the first prince of the second Tartar dynasty.\""}, "p05hrsfqbk7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1515"}, "label": "1515"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05hrsfqbk7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turks in Egypt"]}, "editorialNote": "The chart depicts years with a chronological line at the top, radiating from a center point of the birth of Christ. \"BC\" has been added to the entries where required as illustrated by the structure of the chart, but not actually written.\nSpatial coverage has been determined by the labels on the chart running along the right side, separated across the chart with horizontal lines, and narrowed within each horizontal line by smaller areas.\nEnding dates of 1770 derived from the year of publication, and also the point at which the chart ends.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82293509", "locator": "Row labeled 'Africa'"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Turks in Egypt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05hrsfjss8": {"id": "p05hrsfjss8", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "\"Pennsylvania Maryland and Virginia\" in row labeled \"America\""}, "label": "English Virginia", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1370", "label": "Virginia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Virginia", "start": {"in": {"year": "1610"}, "label": "1610"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "1776"}, "editorialNote": "Unlike the other regions, in the area of the original US states a hard line is added in the chart to mark the end of the English period between 1770 and 1780, presumably at the date of the Declaration of Independence in 1776; after this line, all the US States appear as \"United-States\" up to the margin (approximately 1795).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Virginia"]}}, "p05hrsf8769": {"id": "p05hrsf8769", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "\"Pensilvania Maryland and Virginia\" in row labeled \"America\""}, "label": "English Pensilvania", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Pensilvania"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1400", "label": "Pennsylvania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pensilvania", "start": {"in": {"year": "1681"}, "label": "1681"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "1776"}, "editorialNote": "Unlike the other regions, in the area of the original US states a hard line is added in the chart to mark the end of the English period between 1770 and 1780, presumably at the date of the Declaration of Independence in 1776; after this line, all the US States appear as \"United-States\" up to the margin (approximately 1795)."}, "p05hrsfdn69": {"id": "p05hrsfdn69", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "\"Pennsylvania Maryland and Virginia\" in row labeled \"America\""}, "label": "English Maryland", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1391", "label": "Maryland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Maryland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1634"}, "label": "1634"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "1776"}, "editorialNote": "Unlike the other regions, in the area of the original US states a hard line is added in the chart to mark the end of the English period between 1770 and 1780, presumably at the date of the Declaration of Independence in 1776; after this line, all the US States appear as \"United-States\" up to the margin (approximately 1795).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Maryland"]}}, "p05hrsf4xrb": {"id": "p05hrsf4xrb", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"America\""}, "label": "Spanish Chili", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish Chile"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q298", "label": "Chile"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chili", "start": {"in": {"year": "1541"}, "label": "1541"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "editorialNote": "Spanish colonial activity groups together Mexico, Peru, Chile, and \"Terra Firma\" in the timeline, but the dates for the Spanish period in each area can be extracted from the form of the timeline."}, "p05hrsfmvth": {"id": "p05hrsfmvth", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"America\""}, "label": "Dutch Brasil", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dutch Brazil"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brasil", "start": {"in": {"year": "1630"}, "label": "1630"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1654"}, "label": "1654"}, "editorialNote": "Refers to the northern portion of Brazil colonized by the Dutch during this period."}, "p05hrsfjgcc": {"id": "p05hrsfjgcc", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"America\""}, "label": "Spanish Terra Firma", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish Tierra Firme"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q736", "label": "Ecuador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q734", "label": "Guyana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q730", "label": "Suriname"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Terra Firma", "start": {"label": "between 1520 and 1530", "in": {"earliestYear": "1520", "latestYear": "1530"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "editorialNote": "The spatial coverage of the province of Tierra Firme also includes French Guiana/Guyane, but this overseas department of France does not appear in Wikidata as of June 2020. Spatial coverage derived from a map of 1732 at https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:TierraFirme.jpg#/media/File:TierraFirme.jpg.\n\nThe shape of the timeline suggests a date range rather than a single date for the establishment of Spanish control in this area."}, "p05hrsfg7ng": {"id": "p05hrsfg7ng", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Secular monarchs of Japan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "start": {"in": {"year": "1188"}, "label": "1188"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Japan\", pp. 86-87: \"Sin-onu, an ecclesiastic, is said to have founded the Japanese monarchy, about 660 B.C. but in 1188 Jerotimo put an end to the supreme ecclesiastic authority, and became the first secular monarch of Japan.\"", "editorialNote": "Priestley distinguishes between the absolute rule of the Japanese Emperor and the period of the Shoguns. Although the Shogunate technically began in 1192, Priestley seems to begin this period with Minamoto no Yoritomo's (\"Jerotimo\") rise to power from 1185.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Secular monarchs of Japan"]}}, "p05hrsf6mg3": {"id": "p05hrsf6mg3", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Khalkas", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Khalka (northern Mongolia)", "start": {"label": "between 1570 and 1580", "in": {"earliestYear": "1570", "latestYear": "1580"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1696"}, "label": "1696"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, p. 84: \"At what time the Khalkas became independent is not known, but they were conquered by the Chinese Tartars in 1696.\"", "editorialNote": "Although the beginning of the rule of this northern Mongolia group falls around the same time as the end of Mongol rule of Tibet in the timeline, it is unclear why the division is placed here. The end of this group's timeline seems to coincide with the incorporation of Outer Mongolia into the Qing dynasty.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Khalkas"]}}, "p05hrsfpgrh": {"id": "p05hrsfpgrh", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Eluths", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eluth Mongols", "Kalmyks"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eluth", "start": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "about 1400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, p. 84: \"The Eluths became a separate state about 1400, and continue independent to this day.\"", "editorialNote": "\"Eluths\" appear in 18th and 19th century sources as a western Mongol ethnic sub-division and/or a synonym for Kalmyks, although they appear to be active further east than the area occupied by Kalmyks in the later Russian empire. Since the Eluths are still shown as independent in the timeline, and since the Kalmyks were absorbed by China on one side and the Russian empire on the other in 1771, the Kalmyks are probably the people to whom Priestley is referring."}, "p05hrsf9hgx": {"id": "p05hrsf9hgx", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"Africa\""}, "label": "Ethiopians", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt and Ethiopia", "start": {"label": "956 to 947 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0955", "latestYear": "-0946"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0670"}, "label": "671 BC"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Ethiopia and Abyssinia\", p. 87: \"This country was ravaged by Sesac, or Sesostris the Egyptian, in the reign of his father Ammon, about 1008 B.C., but upon his death, in 956, the Ethiopians recovered their independency, and in 947 they invaded Egypt... In 671 Ethiopia was conquered by Asserhaddon king of Assyria, but it revolted upon his death in 668.\"", "editorialNote": "Although neither the text nor the timeline are clear about chronology between 946 (when \"the Egyptians, with the assistance of the Jews and Phoenicians, made Osarsiphus king, expelling the Ethiopians from Lower Egypt\" (probably the small block at the beginning of the first \"Ethiopian\" section for Egypt in the timeline) and 671, the timeline suggests more precise divisions than the text. The timeline has two different \"Ethiopian\" divisions, both of which seem to distinguish between Egypt proper and \"Ethiopia\"; for the middle \"Ethiopian\" division, which begins between 780 BC (for \"Ethiopia\") and 750 BC (for Egypt), it is very likely that Priestley is referring to the 25th (Kushite/Nubian) Dynasty and the Kushite conquest of Upper Egypt.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ethiopians"]}}, "p05hrsfcxgh": {"id": "p05hrsfcxgh", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"Africa\""}, "label": "Assyrians", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt and Ethiopia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0670"}, "label": "671 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0667"}, "label": "668 BC"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, pp. 87 and 89: for both Ethiopia and Abyssinia, the text notes that \"In 671\" they were conquered/subdued \"by Asserhaddon king of Assyria, but they revolted upon his death in 668.\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Assyrians"]}}, "p05hrsff94b": {"id": "p05hrsff94b", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"Africa\""}, "label": "Solomonic race", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Axumite Kingdom"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Abyssinia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0664"}, "label": "665 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "editorialNote": "This row is somewhat cryptic; it falls on the same line as the \"Ethiopian\" components that seem to have referred to the Nubian kingdom in previous periods, but its two temporal moments are \"the end of the Solomonic race\" in ca. 960 and \"restored Abyssinians\" in ca. 1300. These two dates strongly suggest that here Priestley is referring to the Axumite kingdom and its uncertain predecessors for the first part of this row (960 is the date at which the Axumite dynasty is supposed to have been overthrown), and to the Solomonic Dynasty of Ethiopia in the second part (the intervening dynasty was overthrown in 1270).", "narrower": []}, "p05hrsf2pr3": {"id": "p05hrsf2pr3", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"Africa\""}, "label": "restored Abyssinians", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Solomonic Dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Abyssinia", "start": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "1300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "editorialNote": "This row is somewhat cryptic; it falls on the same line as the \"Ethiopian\" components that seem to have referred to the Nubian kingdom in previous periods, but its two temporal moments are \"the end of the Solomonic race\" in ca. 960 and \"restored Abyssinians\" in ca. 1300. These two dates strongly suggest that here Priestley is referring to the Axumite kingdom and its uncertain predecessors for the first part of this row (960 is the date at which the Axumite dynasty is supposed to have been overthrown), and to the Solomonic Dynasty of Ethiopia in the second part (the intervening dynasty was overthrown in 1270)."}, "p05hrsf2xdw": {"id": "p05hrsf2xdw", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"Africa\""}, "label": "Shepherd Kings", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Egypt", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1069"}, "label": "1070 BC"}, "editorialNote": "It is unclear who Priestley is referring to by this designation; the dates are too late to refer to the Second Intermediate Period invaders now referred to as the Hyksos (Josephus' \"Shepherd Kings\"). The end date coincides with the death of Ramesses XI and the beginning of the the Third Intermediate Period. That the spatial reference is to lower Egypt/the Delta is inferred from the arrangement of this bar in the timeline.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shepherd Kings"]}}, "p05hrsfbrjk": {"id": "p05hrsfbrjk", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"Africa\""}, "label": "Egyptians", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0944"}, "label": "945 BC"}, "editorialNote": "Although this range overlaps with the \"Shepherd Kings\" and includes a period in which Egypt seems to control the \"Ethiopians\" between 1010 and 955 BC, Priestley's references are not clear enough to parse into multiple periods in different places, so the \"Egyptian\" segment here encompasses the entire chronological range but excludes Sudan and Ethiopia. Priestley is probably differentiating between Lower Egypt and the Delta (where he places the Shepherd Kings), Upper Egypt (always ruled by Egyptians), and the northern parts of Nubia, where Egypt made incursions at the end of the New Kingdom.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Egyptians"]}}, "p05hrsfmgd4": {"id": "p05hrsfmgd4", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"Africa\""}, "label": "Eastern Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eastern Roman Empire"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "start": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0640"}, "label": "640"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Egypt\", pp. 89-90: \"In 30 B.C. it was reduced to a Roman province, and continued a part of the Roman empire, till it was conquered by the Saracens in 640.\"", "editorialNote": "This period covers the continuous control of the Eastern Roman Empire in Egypt."}, "p05hrsf67dm": {"id": "p05hrsf67dm", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"Africa\""}, "label": "Eastern Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eastern Roman Empire"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli", "start": {"in": {"year": "0530"}, "label": "530"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0640"}, "label": "640"}, "editorialNote": "This period covers the renewed rule by the Eastern Roman Empire over Africa (except for Egypt) between the Vandals and the Islamic conquest."}, "p05hrsfkgp8": {"id": "p05hrsfkgp8", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Mungls", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mongols"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eluth", "start": {"in": {"year": "1206"}, "label": "1206"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "about 1400"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, p. 84: \"The Eluths became a separate state about 1400, and continue independent to this day.\"", "editorialNote": "The spatial coverage of \"Eluths\" seems to be Western Mongolia and west to the west bank of the Volga, or the general range of the Kalmyks. The start date assumes that they were subjected to Genghis Khan in 1206, with the rest of this area, as noted in \"A description of a new chart of History\", p. 84."}, "p05hrsftqts": {"id": "p05hrsftqts", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"America\""}, "label": "United-States", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q724", "label": "Maine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q759", "label": "New Hampshire"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16551", "label": "Vermont"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1384", "label": "New York"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1408", "label": "New Jersey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1387", "label": "Rhode Island"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1393", "label": "Delaware"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1400", "label": "Pennsylvania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1370", "label": "Virginia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1391", "label": "Maryland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1454", "label": "North Carolina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1456", "label": "South Carolina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1428", "label": "Georgia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nova Scotia, New England & New York, Pensilvania Maryland and Virginia, Carolina and Georgia", "start": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "1776"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800"}, "editorialNote": "The addition of \"United-States\" to a chart that otherwise seems to be the version published in 1769 can be explained as a later addition; we have not verified that this appears in the charts published in 1792, but those also had different credits for the writer and draftsperson. The inclusion of Nova Scotia in the United States is presumably an error.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["United-States"]}}, "p05hrsf2v3q": {"id": "p05hrsf2v3q", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"India\""}, "label": "Gasnevides", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43100", "label": "Kashmir"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indostan", "start": {"in": {"year": "1001"}, "label": "1001"}, "stop": {"label": "1383 to 1399", "in": {"earliestYear": "1383", "latestYear": "1399"}}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th. ed, 1786, , s.v. \"Indostan\", pp. 82-83: \"In 1001 Mahmud Gazni made considerable conquests in [Indostan]... in 1383 Timur Bek conquered Candahar. In 1396 he invaded the rest of India, and in 1399 he entered Delhi the capital of it, conquering the remains of Mahmud Gazni's empire.\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gasnevides"]}}, "p05hrsf8tjn": {"id": "p05hrsf8tjn", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"India\""}, "label": "Patans", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Visapour", "start": {"in": {"year": "1530"}, "label": "1530"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1587"}, "label": "1587"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Indostan\", p. 83: \"In 1587 Golkonda and Visapour were conquered by the Moguls. The latter of these states was founded by Adel Shah, of the Patan race, in 1530.\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Patans"]}}, "p05hrsfbct4": {"id": "p05hrsfbct4", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Kitans", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "China; Leautong", "start": {"label": "946", "in": {"earliestYear": "0946", "latestYear": "0950"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1117"}, "label": "1117"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, p. 85: \"... the first foreign invasion of China was made by the Kitans in 946. In 949 some cities in the northern parts were relinquished to them, and in 950 they made further conquests. In 1117 the Kin Tartars, at the invitation of princes of the Song dynasty, who reigned in the southern parts of China, invaded and destroyed the empire of the Kitans, but at the same time made the Song themselves tributary.\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kitans"]}}, "p05hrsf5s3v": {"id": "p05hrsf5s3v", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Japanese Corea", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Corea", "start": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "201"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0650"}, "label": "around 650"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Korea\", p. 86: \"In 112 B.C. Ki-tze is said to have been the first king of this country, but in 201 after Christ, it was conquered by the Japanese, and it is uncertain when it recovered its independency. In 1224 it became tributary to Jenghis Khan, and in 1664 was conquered by Shunchi, the first prince of the second Tartar dynasty.\"", "editorialNote": "While the text is entirely uncertain about the length of early Japanese rule of Korea, the timeline places the re-establishment of \"Corea\" with a dotted line at around 650.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese Corea"]}}, "p05hrsfhpgk": {"id": "p05hrsfhpgk", "type": "Period", "label": "Japanese monarchy", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0659"}, "label": "about 660 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1188"}, "label": "1188"}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"Japan\", pp. 86-87: \"Sin-onu, an ecclesiastic, is said to have founded the Japanese monarchy, about 660 B.C. but in 1188 Jerotimo put an end to the supreme ecclesiastic authority, and became the first secular monarch of Japan.\"", "editorialNote": "The timeline marks the start date it with a dot for an event (\"Japanese Monarchy said to be Founded\") rather than a line for a political change.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese monarchy"]}}, "p05hrsfsvkj": {"id": "p05hrsfsvkj", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Row labeled \"China\""}, "label": "Chinese", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "start": {"label": "1356 to 1368", "in": {"earliestYear": "1356", "latestYear": "1368"}}, "stop": {"label": "1643 to 1645", "in": {"earliestYear": "1643", "latestYear": "1645"}}, "note": "From \"A description of a new chart of History\", 6th ed., 1786, s.v. \"China\", p. 85: \"In 1356 Chu, a Chinese, recovered Nanking from the Tartars, and in 1368 he put an end to the authority of the Mungls, whose dynasty is called Iwen by the Chinese. In 1643 the Manchew Tartars invaded China, and completed the conquest in 1645.\"", "editorialNote": "The extent of this section of the timeline suggests that Priestley is referring to the entire extent of China -- north, south, and Leautong.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chinese"]}}}, "editorialNote": "As of June 2020, this authority contains only the complete periodization of the first four major rows of spatial coverage in Priestley's chart (\"America\", \"Africa\", \"China\", and \"India\"), as they appear at https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/A_New_Chart_of_History_color.jpg. Note that this digital image, derived from a print work in the library of the University of Oregon and used in an interactive project by Daniel Rosenberg at https://pages.uoregon.edu/infographics/timeline/pages/index.html, appears to be from the original 1769 publication, but someone has added the United States after the English colonies at 1776 (after the publication date). We have included this addition, which seems to be specific to this particular chart. \n\nThe authority may be updated with additional period definitions from the rest of the chart at a later date (contributions by volunteers are welcome)."}, "p08nrfc": {"source": {"title": "The archaeology of early Rome and Latium", "yearPublished": 1994, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28291737", "creators": [{"name": "Holloway, R. Ross, 1934-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/90071402"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p08nrfc", "periods": {"p08nrfc958q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0752"}, "label": "753 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p08nrfc958q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Regal"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28291737", "locator": "page 172?"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}], "label": "Regal", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0508"}, "label": "509 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p08nrfccf79": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1019"}, "label": "1020 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p08nrfccf79", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Latial Iron Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28291737", "locator": "page 37"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1282", "label": "Lazio"}], "label": "Latial Iron Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0579"}, "label": "580 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p08nrfcq7kf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0752"}, "label": "753 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p08nrfcq7kf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28291737", "locator": "page 12"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Iron Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0579"}, "label": "580 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p08nrfcpmcf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p08nrfcpmcf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Proto-Villanovan"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28291737", "locator": "page 44"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Proto-Villanovan", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p08nrfc2m7f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p08nrfc2m7f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Villanovan"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28291737", "locator": "page 17"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Villanovan", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "750 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0kj6dj": {"source": {"title": "Studies in Christian Caucasian history", "yearPublished": 1963, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "creators": [{"name": "Toumanoff, Cyrille.", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/1546109#Person/toumanoff_cyrille"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0kj6dj", "periods": {"p0kj6dj8rr9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "301 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kj6dj8rr9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seleucid Monarchy"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "pages 73, 75"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Seleucid Monarchy", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Armenia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0083"}, "label": "84 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kj6dj9kn3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0066"}, "label": "A.D. 66"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kj6dj9kn3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Armenian Monarchy"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "pages 76, 83"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Third Armenian Monarchy", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Armenia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "A.D. 400"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kj6dj554g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "A.D. 750"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kj6dj554g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Abbasid Caliphate"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "pages 110, 154"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Abbasid Caliphate", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Armenia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0772"}, "label": "A.D. 772"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kj6dj7pzf": {"id": "p0kj6dj7pzf", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0549"}, "label": "550 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "proto-Armenian Satrapy of Greater Armenia", "editorialNote": "Deleted Kingdom of Commagene (163 B.C.-72 A.D.) on 10/20/14 due to problem with this end-date. Found these from the index entry for Armenia.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0611"}, "label": "612 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["proto-Armenian Satrapy of Greater Armenia", "Median Monarchy"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "pages 52, 67"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Armenia", "note": "Kingdom was ruled by Romans between 17 A.D.-43 A.D.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kj6djr5rv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kj6djr5rv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Artaxiad Monarchy", "Second Monarchy of Great Armenia"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "pages 73, 76"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Artaxiad Monarchy", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Armenia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "A.D. 14"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kj6dj68rm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0063"}, "label": "A.D. 63"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kj6dj68rm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arsacid period", "Arsacid"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "pages 76, 83, 153"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Arsacid period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Armenia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0428"}, "label": "A.D. 428"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kj6dj4bzp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0885"}, "label": "A.D. 885"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kj6dj4bzp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fourth Armenian Monarchy", "Fourth Armenian Monarchy of the Bagratids"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "pages 110, 202"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Fourth Armenian Monarchy", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Armenia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1045"}, "label": "A.D. 1045"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kj6djj5cn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0428"}, "label": "A.D. 428"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kj6djj5cn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["post-Arsacid period", "post-Arsacid"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "pages 152-153"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "post-Arsacid period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Armenia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0580"}, "label": "A.D. 580"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kj6djwt67": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0694"}, "label": "695 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kj6djwt67", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Orontid First Monarchy", "First Armenian Monarchy of the Orontids; Monarchy of Greater Armenia"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "pages 53, 73"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Orontid First Monarchy", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Armenia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "301 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0kj6djkj9h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0653"}, "label": "A.D. 653"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0kj6djkj9h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arab period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/398120", "locator": "page 154"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": 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"spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/IE6SWQKE", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9n5x7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1929"}, "label": "1929"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/F47133D3-59E7-4CE9-DEA7-91DC12527D1D", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boom Times 1921-1929", "Boom Times"]}, "id": "p086kj9n5x7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}], "label": "Boom Times 1921-1929", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/IE6SWQKE", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9pmnn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "-500"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/F9226478-270C-48EF-C2B6-B8A392186D48", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Woodland"]}, "id": "p086kj9pmnn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1428", "label": "Georgia"}], "label": "Middle Woodland", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Georgia", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/IIFD95TN; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/WP9H545G; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/QCXUNKRP; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/DRZKP7DP; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/ZD4UBM6E; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/9PVBS3WC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj944wp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4400"}, "label": "-4400"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3700"}, "label": "-3700"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/8CE2783D-E3FA-4F4D-9970-21E6BE1E560E", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Helton phase"]}, "id": "p086kj944wp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1546", "label": "Iowa"}], "label": "Helton phase", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iowa", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/NW4KIRR110", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9fstz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0700"}, "label": "-700"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/29015DF4-C4CE-4C08-D3D5-4723C4F071AC", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Belle Glade II"]}, "id": "p086kj9fstz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}], "label": "Belle Glade II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/IE6SWQKE", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9szpq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "-10000"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5000"}, "label": "-5000"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/0C23A0CD-88A0-498C-3530-8DAEFDD5E339", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Possible Paleoindian"]}, "id": "p086kj9szpq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}], "label": "Possible Paleoindian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/IE6SWQKE", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9cx9n": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1490"}, "label": "1490"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1770"}, "label": "1770"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/AD873264-B84E-429A-8D45-71EF93B37BD6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Historic, Native American (Choctaw)"]}, "id": "p086kj9cx9n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q173", "label": "Alabama"}], "label": "Historic, Native American (Choctaw)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Alabama", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/JZ893GWN", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9fcmf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6500"}, "label": "-6500"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3001"}, "label": "-3001"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/A195BA60-1191-4B70-E563-2A6C3F34CCEB", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Archaic (6500 - 3001 B.C.)", "Middle Archaic"]}, "id": "p086kj9fcmf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1370", "label": "Virginia"}], "label": "Middle Archaic (6500 - 3001 B.C.)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Virginia", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/IIFD95TN; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/WP9H545G; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/QCXUNKRP; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/DRZKP7DP; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/ZD4UBM6E; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/9PVBS3WC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj99t98": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1000"}, "label": "-1000"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "750"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/D1889205-046A-4601-950A-53519AFC60D5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Glades Ib"]}, "id": "p086kj99t98", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}], "label": "Glades Ib", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/IE6SWQKE", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9rxqh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/782FEB97-D8FD-4499-C8A4-D10D252067F1", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War 1861-1865", "Civil War"]}, "id": "p086kj9rxqh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}], "label": "Civil War 1861-1865", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/IE6SWQKE", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9sxn4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1866"}, "label": "1866"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/BC26C1AF-A4C3-4285-163D-AC7BD151B61A", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Industrial (1866-1899)", "Early Industrial"]}, "id": "p086kj9sxn4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1581", "label": "Missouri"}], "label": "Early Industrial (1866-1899)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Missouri", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/77WZXEA32", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9xt8k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3000"}, "label": "-3000"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1000"}, "label": "-1000"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/211B1300-9E8D-4783-9047-002CA1571A32", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic"]}, "id": "p086kj9xt8k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1204", "label": "Illinois"}], "label": "Late Archaic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Illinois", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/BZDUM226; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/QUECFEQZ/itemKey/EKDFFCRW; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/QUECFEQZ/itemKey/SDTCT3E6; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/QUECFEQZ/itemKey/VGJV6NB3; ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj946k9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1821"}, "label": "1821"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/9BF5DCF8-0E20-4F52-D4BF-A17438F54686", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antebellum (1821-1861)", "Antebellum"]}, "id": "p086kj946k9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1581", "label": "Missouri"}], "label": "Antebellum (1821-1861)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Missouri", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/77WZXEA34", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9qmp8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-8950"}, "label": "-8950"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8450"}, "label": "-8450"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/01FC7500-35CA-4F7D-3218-0A91983B9C82", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Folsom"]}, "id": "p086kj9qmp8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1546", "label": "Iowa"}], "label": "Folsom", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iowa", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/NW4KIRR16", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9bvn5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1050"}, "label": "-1050"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "-500"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/86E90D12-346A-4659-8BDD-EF4FEA361E95", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Woodland"]}, "id": "p086kj9bvn5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1456", "label": "South Carolina"}], "label": "Early Woodland", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Carolina", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/IIFD95TN; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/WP9H545G; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/QCXUNKRP; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/DRZKP7DP; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/ZD4UBM6E; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/itemKey/9PVBS3WC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj966m5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/4FD8F891-5724-4424-5813-11A02FA4BD95", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Terminal Middle Woodland"]}, "id": "p086kj966m5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1415", "label": "Indiana"}], "label": "Terminal Middle Woodland", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indiana", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/TME669FT", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj998w6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-8000"}, "label": "-8000"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5500"}, "label": "-5500"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/42591C3E-1F4E-4797-32F5-AF305635FFE8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Graham Cave"]}, "id": "p086kj998w6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1546", "label": "Iowa"}], "label": "Graham Cave", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iowa", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/NW4KIRR99", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj96g7t": {"start": {"label": "2500", "in": {"year": "-0549"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"label": "300 BP", "in": {"year": "1650"}}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/F352CBDC-3764-4F9B-095E-0318949949C9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Plains Woodland"]}, "id": "p086kj96g7t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1546", "label": "Iowa"}], "label": "Plains Woodland", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iowa", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/NW4KIRR24", "languageTag": "en", "editorialNote": "This period was ingested without integer values for dates. From the definition of \"Plains Woodland\" as \"2500-200 BP\" in Gregg M., Bozell J.R., Vehik S.C., \"Plains Woodland\", in Peregrine P.N., Ember M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Prehistory, Springer, Boston, MA, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0523-5_44, it is most likely that these dates were provided in years BP, and without additional clarification, we have parsed them with the traditional date of 1950 as \"present\"."}, "p086kj963bk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/1C6C8030-CB72-4DE3-00C1-6179C736FBBA", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Urban Industrial"]}, "id": "p086kj963bk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1204", "label": "Illinois"}], "label": "Urban Industrial", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Illinois", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/BZDUM226; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/QUECFEQZ/itemKey/EKDFFCRW; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/QUECFEQZ/itemKey/SDTCT3E6; http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/QUECFEQZ/itemKey/VGJV6NB3; ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj99vs7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1725"}, "label": "1725"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1774"}, "label": "1774"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/A5B92D72-750A-4E1E-A184-9A6D48DE9E74", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["18th Century::2nd/3rd quarter (1725 - 1774)", "18th Century::2nd/3rd quarter"]}, "id": "p086kj99vs7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1370", "label": "Virginia"}], "label": "18th Century::2nd/3rd quarter (1725 - 1774)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Virginia", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: 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"http://opencontext.org/types/A84C8A10-FDA2-4DBD-B766-6D688809A513", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Paleoindian/Early Archaic"]}, "id": "p086kj97gdr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1415", "label": "Indiana"}], "label": "Late Paleoindian/Early Archaic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indiana", "note": "Period based on publications identified in the following Zotero collections: http://zotero.org/groups/dinaa_resources/items/collectionKey/TME669FT", "languageTag": "en"}, "p086kj9p68f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900"}, "url": "http://opencontext.org/types/FC817A18-B67B-4C01-F401-47AD6A950926", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Keyes"]}, "id": "p086kj9p68f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1546", "label": "Iowa"}], "label": "Keyes", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iowa", "note": "Period based on 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Doch ist die Betrachtung nicht ohne Gewicht, dafs, bei allerdings vorhandenen Unterschieden in der Behandlung, doch im Ganzen sämmlliche Gefäfse dieses Styls ein ziemlich gleichartiges Gepräge tragen, und defshalb die einzelnen der Zeit nach wohl schwerlich zu weit auseinandcrliegen mögen. Bedenkt man aufserdem die allgemeinen Zeitverhältnisse, welche auch auf diesen Kunslzweig\nihren Einflufs ausüben mufsten, so wird die Annahme, welche auch Gerhard und Bunsen schon aussprachen, nicht ganz unbegründet erscheinen, dafs der Anfang eines eifrigen Betriebs desselben etwa in die Zeit der persischen Kriege zu setzen sei. Hiernach würden die Gefäfse dieses Styls im Ganzen und Grofsen etwa als zwischen Ol. 70 und 80. gefertigt angesehen werden könne\"\n\np.92-3, n. 1: \"Gerhard (s. Rapp. volc. p.53. Not. 4SI und 9''l9. *)) bezieht ein kleineres panathenäisches Preisgefäfs, auf dessen Rückseite ein Kitharöde dargestellt ist (s. Beil. antike Bildw. No. 649.), auf die von Perikles bei den Panathenäen eingeführten musischen Kampfe, so wie Bröndsted (l. c.) dem Emblem einer Sirene mit Doppelflöten,\nwelches auf dem Schilde der Athena mehrerer panathenäischen Preisgefäfse erscheint, dieselbe Beziehung unterlegt. Sind beide Vermuthungen auch wirklich richtig (die erstere namentlich hat gewifs viel Empfehlendes) und fallt auch jene Einfühlung noch später, als Ol.80., wohin sie Gerhard setzt (s. Plut. Pericl. c. 13.), so wird dadurch die obige Bestimmung keinesweges umgestofsen, namentlich da die stumpfen Mahlereien jenes Gefäfses anzudeuten scheinen, dafs, als sie gemacht wurden, diese Kunstweise nicht eben mehr gewöhnlich\nwar (s. oben S. 85.).\"", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Alter Styl"], "en": ["Old Style"]}, "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0451", "earliestYear": "-0455"}, "label": "[Ol.] 80"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25898420", "locator": "92"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Alter Styl", "id": "p08x7cz8f39", "languageTag": "de"}, "p08x7czx9ff": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0451", "earliestYear": "-0455"}, "label": "etwa gegen die Ol. 80 hin"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "note": "p. 114: \" Diese Inschriften aber geben uns\nhier, wie in den beiden vorhergehenden Klassen, den einzigen festen Anhaltpunkt, um die Epoche dieser Gcfäfse, mit einiger Bestimmtheit wenigstens, angeben zu könne.\"\n", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Strenger Styl"], "en": ["Severe Style"]}, "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0411", "earliestYear": "-0415"}, "label": "etwa gegen Ol. 90"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25898420", "locator": "115"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Strenger Styl", "editorialNote": "cf. p. 113-114 for author's overview of letter forms found on these vases, which forms his principal basis for a date range.", "id": "p08x7czx9ff", "languageTag": "de"}}}, "p0dfxxp": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Stone Age Sailors Paleolithic Seafaring in the Mediterranean.", "contributors": [], "yearPublished": "2014", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/881608143", "creators": [{"name": "Simmons, Alan H.", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/1916375189#Person/simmons_alan_h"}]}, "locator": "page 103"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0dfxxp", "editorialNote": "See map page 11 and note page 20.", "periods": {"p0dfxxpf8hv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1398050"}, "label": "1,400,000 B.P."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-248050"}, "label": "ca. 250,000 B.P."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0dfxxpf8hv", "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean islands", "note": "Modified from Shea (2013*: 7, table 1.1), whose focus is on the Levant. This rough chronology is primarily uncalibrated; calibration is only relevant for more recent periods, and even for these, most dates, particularly from earlier research, are presented as uncalibrated. *Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dfxxptx7v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-43050"}, "label": "ca. 45,000 B.P."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-22050"}, "label": "24,000 B.P."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0dfxxptx7v", "label": "Upper Paleolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean islands", "note": "Modified from Shea (2013*: 7, table 1.1), whose focus is on the Levant. This rough chronology is primarily uncalibrated; calibration is only relevant for more recent periods, and even for these, most dates, particularly from earlier research, are presented as uncalibrated. *Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dfxxpcnkv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-10050"}, "label": "ca. 12,000 B.P."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4550"}, "label": "6,500 B.P."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Aceramic Neolithic", "Pre-Pottery"]}, "id": "p0dfxxpcnkv", "label": "Aceramic Neolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean islands", "note": "Modified from Shea (2013*: 7, table 1.1), whose focus is on the Levant. *Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. These start & end dates are calibrated. A large regional chronological variability is observed here, as with the Epipaleolithic. Typically, the Neolithic on the islands is later than on the mainland, having derived from that region. However, an early Neolithic contemporary with that of the mainland has been recently documented in Cyprus; thus, the wide chronological framework is used here, which includes both Pre-Pottery and Pottery phases.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dfxxpp4m9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-22050"}, "label": "24000 B.P."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10050"}, "label": "12000 B.P."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epipaleolithic", "Mesolithic"]}, "id": "p0dfxxpp4m9", "label": "Epipaleolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean islands", "note": "Modified from Shea (2013*: 7, table 1.1), whose focus is on the Levant. *Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. This end date is calibrated. The time range for the Epipaleolithic varies considerably, based on regions. For the mainland, the range is generally that given in this table; this is also when calibrated dates typically are used. However, for most Mediterranean islands, the Epipaleolithic often starts much later and continues into what is generally considered Neolithic on the mainland.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dfxxp54v2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-248050"}, "label": "ca. 250,000 B.P."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-43050"}, "label": "45,000 B.P."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p0dfxxp54v2", "label": "Middle Paleolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean islands", "note": "Modified from Shea (2013*: 7, table 1.1), whose focus is on the Levant. This rough chronology is primarily uncalibrated; calibration is only relevant for more recent periods, and even for these, most dates, particularly from earlier research, are presented as uncalibrated. *Stone Tools in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Near East. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0rqpwq": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Le tophet de Salammbô à Carthage : essai de reconstitution", "yearPublished": 2004, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60543214", "creators": [{"name": "Bénichou, Hélène.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/22159335"}]}, "locator": "page 137"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0rqpwq", "periods": {"p0rqpwqb48w": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "~800"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0649", "earliestYear": "-0674"}, "label": "675/650"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Première époque"], "en": ["First era"]}, "editorialNote": "no date type shown, but context indicates BC", "id": "p0rqpwqb48w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}], "label": "Première époque", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Carthage", "note": "Derived from Carthage tophet chronology, level Tanit IIa; see also Kelsey (1925), Cintas (1970), Lancel (1992, 1995), Aubet and Turton (2001), Docter et al. (2003 Palaeohistoria)", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0rqpwqwxnj": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0524", "earliestYear": "-0549"}, "label": "550/525"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0274", "earliestYear": "-0299"}, "label": "300/275"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Troisième époque"], "en": ["Third era"]}, "editorialNote": "no date type shown, but context indicates BC", "id": "p0rqpwqwxnj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}], "label": "Troisième époque", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Carthage", "note": "Derived from Carthage tophet chronology, level Tanit IIa; see also Kelsey (1925), Cintas (1970), Lancel (1992, 1995), Aubet and Turton (2001), Docter et al. (2003 Palaeohistoria)", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0rqpwqbq39": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "id": "p0rqpwqbq39", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Quatrième époque"], "en": ["Fourth era"]}, "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0124", "earliestYear": "-0145"}, "label": "146/125"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0274", "earliestYear": "-0299"}, "label": "300/275"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}], "label": "Quatrième époque", "editorialNote": "no designation present (BCE, etc.)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Carthage", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p0rqpwq4prr": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0649", "earliestYear": "-0674"}, "label": "675/650"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0524", "earliestYear": "-0549"}, "label": "550/525"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Deuxième époque"], "en": ["Second era"]}, "editorialNote": "no date type shown, but context indicates BC", "id": "p0rqpwq4prr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}], "label": "Deuxième époque", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Carthage", "note": "Derived from Carthage tophet chronology, level Tanit IIa; see also Kelsey (1925), Cintas (1970), Lancel (1992, 1995), Aubet and Turton (2001), Docter et al. (2003 Palaeohistoria)", "languageTag": "fr"}}}, "p0bsjms": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "The romanization of central Spain : complexity, diversity, and change in a provincial hinterland", "yearPublished": 2004, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51937089", "creators": [{"name": "Curchin, Leonard A., 1950-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/17271321"}]}, "locator": "pages 3, 52"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0bsjms", "periods": {"p0bsjms2dzb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0132"}, "label": "133 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0026"}, "label": "27 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republican"]}, "id": "p0bsjms2dzb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Republican", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "note": "Beginning-date corresponds with the end of the Celtiberian wars; outside of the Celtiberian homeland, the Republican period in Spain begins 218 B.C. (Second Punic War).", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0pk6sc": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Greek Trade in Iberia: The Extent of Interaction", "yearPublished": 1998, "id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0092.00058", "creators": [{"name": "Paloma Cabrera", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/paloma-cabrera-2n9ibv8zw4vsd"}]}, "locator": "page 195"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0pk6sc", "periods": {"p0pk6scfcf7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0629"}, "label": "630 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}, "id": "p0pk6scfcf7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Archaic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iberia", "note": "See also Dominguez in C. Sanchez & G.R. Tsetskhladze, 2001. Greek Pottery from the Iberian Peninsula.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p02sht9": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "The Uruk countryside : the natural setting of urban societies", "contributors": [{"name": "Nissen, Hans Jörg.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/92287776"}], "yearPublished": 1972, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/483580", "creators": [{"name": "Adams, Robert McC. (Robert McCormick), 1926-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/108452288"}]}, "locator": "recto"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p02sht9", "periods": {"p02sht94cwr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jemdet Nasr"]}, "id": "p02sht94cwr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Jemdet Nasr", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Uruk", "note": "See also Charvat 2002", "languageTag": "en"}, "p02sht9fzvs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3199"}, "label": "3200 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Uruk"]}, "id": "p02sht9fzvs", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Early Uruk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Uruk", "note": "See also Liverani 2006", "languageTag": "en"}, "p02sht9wp3g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3199"}, "label": "3200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Uruk"]}, "id": "p02sht9wp3g", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Late Uruk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Uruk", "note": "See also Liverani 2006", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0cp447": {"source": {"title": "The art of ancient Egypt", "yearPublished": 2000, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "creators": [{"name": "Robins, Gay.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/79081320"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0cp447", "periods": {"p0cp447qz64": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "1550 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp447qz64", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New Kingdom"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 9"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "New Kingdom", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1069"}, "label": "1070 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp447hxh8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1069"}, "label": "1070 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp447hxh8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Intermediate Period"]}, "editorialNote": "unsure why GeoDia start_label said 2055 B.C.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 9"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Third Intermediate Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0711"}, "label": "712 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp447jts9": {"id": "p0cp447jts9", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2039"}, "label": "2040 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "First Intermediate Period", "editorialNote": "unsure why GeoDia dates are 2130-2055 B.C.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2133"}, "label": "2134 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Intermediate Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 8"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "note": "Robins' chronology is being used in preference to Freeman's, since it seems to represent the general textbook situation more accurately.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp4472vm9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp4472vm9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman emperors"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 10"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Roman emperors", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "AD 395"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp447b435": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2039"}, "label": "2040 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp447b435", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Kingdom"]}, "editorialNote": "unsure why GeoDia start_label said 2055 B.C.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 8"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Middle Kingdom", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1639"}, "label": "1640 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp447757z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1639"}, "label": "1640 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp447757z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Intermediate Period"]}, "editorialNote": "unsure why GeoDia end_label said 1550 B.C.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 9"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Second Intermediate Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1531"}, "label": "1532 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp447sbx9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0711"}, "label": "712 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp447sbx9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 10"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Late Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0331"}, "label": "332 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp447dmgg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2919"}, "label": "2920 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp447dmgg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Dynastic Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 8"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Early Dynastic Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2648"}, "label": "2649 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp44786m7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4999"}, "label": "5000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp44786m7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Predynastic Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 8"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Predynastic Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2919"}, "label": "2920 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp447cfpq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2648"}, "label": "2649 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp447cfpq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Old Kingdom"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 8"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Old Kingdom", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2133"}, "label": "2134 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0cp447bc2v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0331"}, "label": "332 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0cp447bc2v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Graeco-Roman Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45184072", "locator": "page 10"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Graeco-Roman Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "AD 395"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p077fc5": {"source": {"title": "Biblical Bethsaida : an archaeological study of the first century", "yearPublished": 2011, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/670478655", "creators": [{"name": "Savage, Carl E.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/16006740"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p077fc5", "periods": {"p077fc55t8z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077fc55t8z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron IIA"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/670478655", "locator": "page 50"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "label": "Iron IIA", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bethsaida", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0924"}, "label": "925 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077fc5wk2c": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077fc5wk2c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron IIB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/670478655", "locator": "page 50"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "label": "Iron IIB", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bethsaida", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0721"}, "label": "722 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077fc5wb89": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0585"}, "label": "586 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077fc5wb89", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron III", "Neo-Babylonian"]}, "editorialNote": "this date: see also Mazar, 1992", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/670478655", "locator": "page 51"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "label": "Iron III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bethsaida", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0538"}, "label": "539 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p077fc5wvfd": {"start": {"label": "722 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0721"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p077fc5wvfd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron IIC"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/670478655", "locator": "page 50"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "label": "Iron IIC", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bethsaida", "stop": {"label": "586 or 539 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0585", "latestYear": "-0538"}}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p06c6g3": {"source": {"citation": "“Library of Congress Subject Headings - LC Linked Data Service (Library of Congress).” Web page. N.p., n.d. Web. Accessed 15 July 2015.\n", "title": "Library of Congress Subject Headings", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects.html", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "yearPublished": "2015", "creators": [{"name": "Library of Congress"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p06c6g3", "editorialNote": "The terms in this collection reflect the current status of the LCSH, but initial records were also gathered from earlier print publications of Library of Congress Subject Headings (LC period subdivisions under names of places, 1975; LC period subdivisions under names of places: compiled from the online subject authority file of the Library of Congress by the Subject Cataloging Division, 1987).", "periods": {"p06c6g3bcv6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1991"}, "label": "1991"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bcv6", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Yugoslavia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93005149.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yugoslav War, 1991-1995", "War in former Yugoslavia, 1991-1995", "Yugoslav Conflict, 1991-1995", "Yugoslav Wars of Secession, 1991-1995"]}, "label": "Yugoslav War, 1991-1995", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "Republic of Macedonia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Yugoslav War, 1991-1995\". Added to LCSH in 2003, revised in 2004. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1995"}, "label": "1995"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mk6v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1937"}, "label": "1937"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mk6v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1937-1939"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97006351.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1937-1939", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Tarragona (Spain)--History--Bombardment, 1937-1939\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tarragona (Spain)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15088", "label": "Tarragona"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bnv8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bnv8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry V, 1106-1125"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061593.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1106"}, "label": "1106"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Henry V, 1106-1125", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Henry V, 1106-1125\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry exists under \"Germany--History\", but with a separate URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pmfn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pmfn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2007002462.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome (Italy)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2007, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome (Italy)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vktr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vktr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Naval Revolt, 1893-1894", "Naval Revolt", "Naval Rebellion"], "pt": ["Revolta da Armada"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85016567.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1894"}, "label": "1894"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1893"}, "label": "1893"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "Naval Revolt, 1893-1894", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Brazil--History--Naval Revolt, 1893-1894\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g348n9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g348n9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval period, 1066-1485"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056740.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Medieval period, 1066-1485", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Medieval period, 1066-1485\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x2jx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x2jx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles V, 1519-1556"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054559.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1556"}, "label": "1556"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1519"}, "label": "1519"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Charles V, 1519-1556", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Charles V, 1519-1556\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.44 of LCSH 1987, and p.35 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38qdg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38qdg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036528.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Delaware--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.26 of LCSH 1987, and p.23 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Delaware", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1393", "label": "Delaware"}]}, "p06c6g32vgr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32vgr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars of Independence, 1809-1825"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015392.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1825"}, "label": "1825"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1809"}, "label": "1809"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q750", "label": "Bolivia"}], "label": "Wars of Independence, 1809-1825", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bolivia--History--Wars of Independence, 1809-1825\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bolivia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32c2k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32c2k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Augustus III, 1734-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104057.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1734"}, "label": "1734"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Augustus III, 1734-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Augustus III, 1734-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tzhq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1965"}, "label": "1965"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tzhq", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chad", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87002722.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1965-"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1965-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q657", "label": "Chad"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Chad--History--Civil War, 1965-\". Added to LCSH in 1987, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ghv4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ghv4", "localizedLabels": {"ja-Latn": ["Shimabara no Ran"], "en": ["Shimabara Uprising, 1637-1638", "Kirishitan Uprising in Shimabara"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85121447.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1638"}, "label": "1638"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1637"}, "label": "1637"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Shimabara Uprising, 1637-1638", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Shimabara Uprising, 1637-1638\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n7d9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0132"}, "label": "132"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n7d9", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jews", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85070411.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bar Kokhba Rebellion, 132-135"]}, "label": "Bar Kokhba Rebellion, 132-135", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Jews--History--Bar Kokhba Rebellion, 132-135\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. Spatial coverage extent inferred from knowledge of the Bar Kokhba revolt against the Romans, and the limited geographic identifier of \"Jews\".", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0135"}, "label": "135"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33x4j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33x4j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1960-1965"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85149567.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1965"}, "label": "1965"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1960"}, "label": "1960"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q974", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}], "label": "Civil War, 1960-1965", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \" Congo (Democratic Republic)--History--Civil War, 1960-1965\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Zaire--History--Civil War, 1960-1965\" appears on p.132 of LCSH 1987, and p.110 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36f66": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0098"}, "label": "98"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36f66", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Trajan, 98-117"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115141.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "117"}, "label": "Trajan, 98-117", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Trajan, 98-117\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3zwjd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zwjd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Victoria, 1837-1901"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056823.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Victoria, 1837-1901", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Victoria, 1837-1901\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37cnq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37cnq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bagratuni dynasty, 885-1045"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007270.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1045"}, "label": "1045"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0885"}, "label": "885"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}], "label": "Bagratuni dynasty, 885-1045", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Armenia--History--Bagratuni dynasty, 885-1045\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.5 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Armenia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vz7k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vz7k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo-Dutch War, 1652-1654", "Anglo Dutch War, 1652-1654"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005060.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1654"}, "label": "1654"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1652"}, "label": "1652"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Anglo-Dutch War, 1652-1654", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Anglo-Dutch War, 1652-1654\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands, Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wtsh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wtsh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French intervention, 1860-1861", "French intervention"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99005178.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "label": "French intervention, 1860-1861", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lebanon--History--French intervention, 1860-1861\". Added to LCSH in 1999.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lebanon", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g8xv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g8xv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Huang Chao Rebellion, 874-884", "Huang Ch'ao Rebellion, 874-884"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024061.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0884"}, "label": "884"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0874"}, "label": "874"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Huang Chao Rebellion, 874-884", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Huang Chao Rebellion, 874-884\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Huang Ch'ao Rebellion, 874-884.\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3z7cz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z7cz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vladimir, 972-1015"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125768.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1015"}, "label": "1015"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0972"}, "label": "972"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "label": "Vladimir, 972-1015", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kievan Rus--History--Vladimir, 972-1015\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975 (source uses term \"Russia\"). Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kievan Rus", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g387kb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1862"}, "label": "1862"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g387kb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93000174.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Trương Định Uprising, 1862-1864"]}, "label": "Trương Định Uprising, 1862-1864", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Trương Định Uprising, 1862-1864\". Added to LCSH in 1993, revised in 2009.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1864"}, "label": "1864"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t7m6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t7m6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis XI, 1461-1483"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051289.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1483"}, "label": "1483"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1461"}, "label": "1461"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis XI, 1461-1483", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis XI, 1461-1483\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3stzb": {"start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}, "label": "1754, 1755"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3stzb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091451.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New York (State)--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.83 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975; revised in 2012. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New York", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1384", "label": "New York"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pzqm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pzqm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boleslaus II, 1058-1079"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104024.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1079"}, "label": "1079"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1058"}, "label": "1058"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Boleslaus II, 1058-1079", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Boleslaus II, 1058-1079\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35rmt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35rmt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Trưng Sisters' Rebellion, 39-43"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85143252.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0039"}, "label": "39"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "label": "Trưng Sisters' Rebellion, 39-43", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Trưng Sisters' Rebellion, 39-43\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.107 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sbmq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sbmq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gothic period, 414-711"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126073.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0711"}, "label": "711"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0414"}, "label": "414"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Gothic period, 414-711", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Gothic period, 414-711\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xkp2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xkp2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick III, 1648-1670"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036785.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1670"}, "label": "1670"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Frederick III, 1648-1670", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Frederick III, 1648-1670\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33mq8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33mq8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fyodor III, 1676-1682", "Theodore, 1676-1682"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125780.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1682"}, "label": "1682"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1676"}, "label": "1676"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Fyodor III, 1676-1682", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Fyodor III, 1676-1682\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Theodore, 1678-1682\" appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cs76": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cs76", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1254-1273"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061601.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1273"}, "label": "1273"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1254"}, "label": "1254"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Interregnum, 1254-1273", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Interregnum, 1254-1273\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Note that many of the periods for the Holy Roman Empire are reduplicated under the \"Germany--History\" heading, but are given different URIs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38n8r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38n8r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkish Wars, 1453-1571"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142723.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1571"}, "label": "1571"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1453"}, "label": "1453"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1243", "label": "Veneto"}], "label": "Turkish Wars, 1453-1571", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Venice (Italy)--History--Turkish Wars, 1453-1571\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.107 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Venice", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vftq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vftq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1905-1907"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85139355.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "label": "Revolution, 1905-1907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ukraine--History--Revolution, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p. 118 of LCSH 1986 and p.100 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ukraine", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3v5j9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v5j9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100723.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Philadelphia (Pa.)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.91 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Philadelphia (Pa.)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1345", "label": "Philadelphia"}]}, "p06c6g35jjp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35jjp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Abdul Hamid I, 1774-1789"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138819.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1774"}, "label": "1774"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Abdul Hamid I, 1774-1789", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Abdul Hamid I, 1774-1789\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36rqx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36rqx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Muromachi period, 1336-1573"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069467.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1573"}, "label": "1573"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1336"}, "label": "1336"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Muromachi period, 1336-1573", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Muromachi period, 1336-1573\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.67 of LCSH 1987, and p.54 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1990.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nmzv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nmzv", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cuba", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034568.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection, 1868-1878", "Ten Years' War, Cuba, 1868-1878"], "es": ["Grito de Yara, 1868"]}, "label": "Insurrection, 1868-1878", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cuba--History--Insurrection, 1868-1878\". Added to LCHS in 1986, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ptbb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ptbb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qin dynasty, 221-207 B.C.", "Ch'in dynasty, 221-207 B.C."]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024040.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0206"}, "label": "207 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0220"}, "label": "221 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Qin dynasty, 221-207 B.C.", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Qin dynasty, 221-207 B.C.\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate lable \"Ch'in dynasty, 221-207 B.C.\" appears on p.19 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35jq6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35jq6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese Occupation, 1942-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018122.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "label": "Japanese Occupation, 1942-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Burma--History--Japanese Occupation, 1942-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.13 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.12 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x7kj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x7kj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Federal Revolution, 1898-1899"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00001408.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1898"}, "label": "1898"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q750", "label": "Bolivia"}], "label": "Federal Revolution, 1898-1899", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bolivia--History--Federal Revolution, 1898-1899\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bolivia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jzsb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jzsb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles IV, 1788-1808"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126087.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1788"}, "label": "1788"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Charles IV, 1788-1808", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Charles IV, 1788-1808\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36w4x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36w4x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James I, 1603-1625"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056786.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1625"}, "label": "1625"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "James I, 1603-1625", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--James I, 1603-1625\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32xfz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32xfz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Conquest, 1166-1186"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85067993.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1186"}, "label": "1186"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1166"}, "label": "1166"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "label": "English Conquest, 1166-1186", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ireland--History--English Conquest, 1166-1186\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.61 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ireland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g343mp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1897"}, "label": "1897"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g343mp", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064925.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tirah Campaign, 1897-1898"]}, "label": "Tirah Campaign, 1897-1898", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"India--History--Tirah Campaign, 1897-1898\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2015.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1898"}, "label": "1898"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kckc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kckc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1410-1412"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006388.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1412"}, "label": "1412"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1410"}, "label": "1410"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}], "label": "Interregnum, 1410-1412", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon--History--Interregnum, 1410-1412\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.3 of LCSH 1975; revised in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sqnv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sqnv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Regency, 1715-1723"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051306.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1723"}, "label": "1723"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1715"}, "label": "1715"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Regency, 1715-1723", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Regency, 1715-1723\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kczm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kczm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles I, 1866-1914"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1866"}, "label": "1866"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Charles I, 1866-1914", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Romania--History--Charles I, 1866-1914\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.98 of LCSH 1987, and p.83 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115006.html", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ssjh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ssjh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600", "Apostolic Church", "Early Christianity", "Primitive Christianity"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85025620.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0030"}, "label": "30"}, "label": "Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Church history--Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in 2010. Spatial coverage description given as \"Church\". Spatial coverage inferred from state of Church in this time period.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire, Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3vztm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vztm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis XV, 1715-1774"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051307.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1774"}, "label": "1774"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1715"}, "label": "1715"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis XV, 1715-1774", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis XV, 1715-1774\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tnsr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tnsr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1915-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85077629.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1915"}, "label": "1915"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}], "label": "German occupation, 1915-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lithuania--History--German occupation, 1915-1918\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.72 of LCSH 1987, and p.58 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lithuania", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3krvk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3krvk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fernando I, 1412-1416"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006389.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1416"}, "label": "1416"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1412"}, "label": "1412"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "label": "Fernando I, 1412-1416", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon--History--Fernando I, 1412-1416\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.3 of LCSH 1975; revised in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tnpv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tnpv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jin dynasty, 1115-1234", "Chin dynasty, 1115-1234"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024070.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1234"}, "label": "1234"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1115"}, "label": "1115"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Jin dynasty, 1115-1234", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Jin dynasty, 1115-1234\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Chin dynasty, 1115-1234\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37zzs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37zzs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["George I, 1714-1727"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056811.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1727"}, "label": "1727"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "George I, 1714-1727", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--George I, 1714-1727\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k5jh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k5jh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vitellius, 69"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115134.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69"}, "label": "Vitellius, 69", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Vitellius, 69\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3zwgs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zwgs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry IV, 1589-1610"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051300.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1610"}, "label": "1610"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1589"}, "label": "1589"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Henry IV, 1589-1610", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Henry IV, 1589-1610\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g364k4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g364k4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Messenian Wars, 735-460 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057077.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0459"}, "label": "460 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0734"}, "label": "735 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Messenian Wars, 735-460 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Messenian Wars, 735-460 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nr99": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1035"}, "label": "1035"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nr99", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006381.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ramiro I, 1035-1063"]}, "label": "Ramiro I, 1035-1063", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Ramiro I, 1035-1063\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1063"}, "label": "1063"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rb9t": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rb9t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French occupation, 1918-1946"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85075632.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1946"}, "label": "1946"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "label": "French occupation, 1918-1946", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lebanon--History--French occupation, 1918-1946\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.72 of LCSH 1987, and pg.58 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lebanon", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f2qb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f2qb", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034386.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fifth Crusade, 1218-1221"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1218"}, "label": "1218"}, "label": "Fifth Crusade, 1218-1221", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crusades--Fifth, 1218-1221\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1221"}, "label": "1221"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q51614", "label": "Anatolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, Anatolia, Levant"}, "p06c6g33rnp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33rnp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1254-1273"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054546.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1273"}, "label": "1273"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1254"}, "label": "1254"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Interregnum, 1254-1273", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Interregnum, 1254-1273\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3npmf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3npmf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jangalī movement, 1914-1921", "Jangalī movement", "Constitutionalist movement of Gīlān", "Jangal movement", "Jungle movement"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006020075.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Jangalī movement, 1914-1921", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iran--History--Jangalī movement, 1914-1921\". Added to LCSH in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iran", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vtn4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vtn4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick I, 1523-1533"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036779.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1533"}, "label": "1533"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1523"}, "label": "1523"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Frederick I, 1523-1533", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Frederick I, 1523-1533\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35cbm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35cbm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tokugawa period, 1600-1868"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069473.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Tokugawa period, 1600-1868", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Tokugawa period, 1600-1868\". Added to LCSH in 2000; appears on p.67 of LCSH 1987, and p.54 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3928k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3928k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arab rebellion, 1936-1939"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097177.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1936"}, "label": "1936"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "label": "Arab rebellion, 1936-1939", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Palestine--History--Arab rebellion, 1936-1939\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.88 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1997. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wr9t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wr9t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003775.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Emden (Lower Saxony, Germany)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Emden (Lower Saxony, Germany)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4174", "label": "Emden"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mddc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mddc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rudolf II, 1576-1612"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061615.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1612"}, "label": "1612"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1576"}, "label": "1576"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Rudolf II, 1576-1612", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Rudolf II, 1576-1612\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Identical entries exist under both \"Germany--History\" and \"Austria--History\", but with separate URIs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jkgs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0403"}, "label": "404 B.C"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jkgs", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Athens", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009122.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Thirty Tyrants, 404-403 B.C"]}, "label": "Thirty Tyrants, 404-403 B.C", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Athens (Greece)--History--Thirty Tyrants, 404-403 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0402"}, "label": "403 B.C"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39x9c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39x9c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand II, 1619-1637"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009697.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1637"}, "label": "1637"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1619"}, "label": "1619"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Ferdinand II, 1619-1637", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Ferdinand II, 1619-1637\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.6 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dwcc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dwcc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qing dynasty, 1644-1912", "Ch'ing dynasty, 1644-1912", "Manchu dynasty, 1644-1912"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024078.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1644"}, "label": "1644"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Qing dynasty, 1644-1912", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Qing dynasty, 1644-1912\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Ch'ing dynasty, 1644-1912\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and p.16 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cd2t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1831"}, "label": "1831"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cd2t", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Caucasus, Northern (Russia)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2016001972.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Russian Conquest, 1831-1859", "Caucasian War, 1831-1859"]}, "label": "Russian Conquest, 1831-1859", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18869", "label": "Caucasus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Caucasus, Northern (Russia)--History--Russian Conquest, 1831-1859\". Added to LCSH in 2016, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1859"}, "label": "1859"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37g43": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37g43", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xuantong, 1908-1912", "Hsuan t'ung, 1908-1912"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024102.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1908"}, "label": "1908"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Xuantong, 1908-1912", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Xuantong, 1908-1912\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Hsuan t'ung, 1908-1912\" appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39323": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39323", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Partition period, 1763-1796"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104058.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Partition period, 1763-1796", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Partition period, 1763-1796\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xh53": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1644"}, "label": "1644"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xh53", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hannibal's War, 1644-1645"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092664.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1645"}, "label": "1645"}, "label": "Hannibal's War, 1644-1645", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Hannibal's War, 1644-1645\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3nfqh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nfqh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ivan IV, 1533-1584"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125772.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1584"}, "label": "1584"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1533"}, "label": "1533"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Ivan IV, 1533-1584", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Ivan IV, 1533-1584\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w825": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0041"}, "label": "41"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w825", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Claudius, 41-54"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115131.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0054"}, "label": "54"}, "label": "Claudius, 41-54", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Claudius, 41-54\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3s89j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s89j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick I, 1720-1751"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131072.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1751"}, "label": "1751"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1720"}, "label": "1720"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Frederick I, 1720-1751", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Frederick I, 1720-1751\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.113 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cxk6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cxk6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Angeli, 1185-1204"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018506.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Angeli, 1185-1204", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Angeli, 1185-1204\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1993. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39jjk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39jjk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["American Occupation, 1915-1934"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85058360.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1934"}, "label": "1934"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1915"}, "label": "1915"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}], "label": "American Occupation, 1915-1934", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Haiti--History--American Occupation, 1915-1934\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.54 of LCSH 1987, and p. 43 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Haiti", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w335": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w335", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese occupation, 1942-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85065748.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}], "label": "Japanese occupation, 1942-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indonesia--History--Japanese occupation, 1942-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.59 of LCSH 1987, and p.48 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indonesia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fx8x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1969"}, "label": "1969"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fx8x", "spatialCoverageDescription": "California", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh92002532.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Indian occupation, 1969-1971", "Indian occupation of Alcatraz Island, 1969-1971"]}, "label": "Indian occupation, 1969-1971", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q99", "label": "California"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Alcatraz Island (Calif.)--History--Indian occupation, 1969-1971\". Added to LCSH in 1992, revised in 1994. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1971"}, "label": "1971"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36tqg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36tqg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Casimir IV, 1447-1492"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104034.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1447"}, "label": "1447"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Casimir IV, 1447-1492", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Casimir IV, 1447-1492\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33cgc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33cgc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Federal Wars, 1858-1863"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142671.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1863"}, "label": "1863"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1858"}, "label": "1858"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}], "label": "Federal Wars, 1858-1863", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Venezuela--History--Federal Wars, 1858-1863\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.106 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Venezuela", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w9m5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w9m5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Soviet occupation, 1979-1989", "Soviet occupation", "Afghan-Soviet War", "Soviet-Afghan War", "Soviet invasion of Afghanistan"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85001522.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1989"}, "label": "1989"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1979"}, "label": "1979"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}], "label": "Soviet occupation, 1979-1989", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Afghanistan--History--Soviet occupation, 1979-1989\". Added to LCSH in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Afghanistan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nd8d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1527"}, "label": "1527"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nd8d", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97004033.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mạc dynasty, 1527-1592"]}, "label": "Mạc dynasty, 1527-1592", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Mạc dynasty, 1527-1592\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1592"}, "label": "1592"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cf24": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0455"}, "label": "455"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cf24", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maximus, 455"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115169.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0455"}, "label": "455"}, "label": "Maximus, 455", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Maximus, 455\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g32tnz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0479"}, "label": "479"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32tnz", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024053.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qi dynasty, 479-502", "Chʻi dynasty, 479-502", "Southern Qi dynasty, 479-502", "Southern Chʻi dynasty, 479-502"]}, "label": "Qi dynasty, 479-502", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Qi dynasty, 479-502\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised later that year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0502"}, "label": "502"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3j44g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1305"}, "label": "1305"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3j44g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Clement V, 1305-1314"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097558.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1314"}, "label": "1314"}, "label": "Clement V, 1305-1314", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papal States--History--Clement V, 1305-1314\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.88 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}]}, "p06c6g3pr42": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pr42", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Occupation and evacuation, 1871-1873"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051413.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1873"}, "label": "1873"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1871"}, "label": "1871"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Occupation and evacuation, 1871-1873", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Occupation and evacuation, 1871-1873\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.40 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1991.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m3w6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m3w6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edmund, 855-870"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056732.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0870"}, "label": "870"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0855"}, "label": "855"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Edmund, 855-870", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Edmund, 855-870\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pzxd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1437"}, "label": "1437"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pzxd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transylvania (Romania)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85137107.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peasant Uprising, 1437-1438"]}, "label": "Peasant Uprising, 1437-1438", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Transylvania (Romania)--History--Peasant Uprising, 1437-1438\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1438"}, "label": "1438"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mqp3": {"start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}, "label": "1754, 1755"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mqp3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081930.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Massachusetts--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 75 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975; revised in 2012. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Massachusetts", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r3f7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r3f7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese occupation, 1942-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100793.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q928", "label": "Philippines"}], "label": "Japanese occupation, 1942-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Philippines--History--Japanese Occupation, 1942-1945\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.91 of LCSH 1987, and p.77 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Philippines", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rjxq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0089"}, "label": "90 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rjxq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Social War, 90-88 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115118.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0087"}, "label": "88 B.C."}, "label": "Social War, 90-88 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Social War, 90-88 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}]}, "p06c6g3kz2b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kz2b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ivan VI, 1740-1741"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125790.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1741"}, "label": "1741"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1740"}, "label": "1740"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Ivan VI, 1740-1741", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Ivan VI, 1740-1741\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gxz4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "2002"}, "label": "2002"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gxz4", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Côte d'Ivoire", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2007004081.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 2002-2007"]}, "label": "Civil War, 2002-2007", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1008", "label": "Ivory Coast"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Côte d'Ivoire--History--Civil War, 2002-2007\". Added to LCSH in 2007, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2007"}, "label": "2007"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39v9t": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39v9t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maria I, 1777-1816"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105278.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1816"}, "label": "1816"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1777"}, "label": "1777"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Maria I, 1777-1816", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Maria I, 1777-1816\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fv3x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fv3x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vladislaus I, 1305-1333"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104029.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1333"}, "label": "1333"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1305"}, "label": "1305"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Vladislaus I, 1305-1333", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Vladislaus I, 1305-1333\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zcfm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zcfm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion, 1914-1915", "Boer Revolt, South Africa, 1914-1915", "Five Shilling Rebellion, South Africa, 1914-1915", "Maritz's Rebellion, South Africa, 1914-1915"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125480.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1915"}, "label": "1915"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "Rebellion, 1914-1915", "editorialNote": "Extracted from the heading \"Africa, South--History--Rebellion, 1914-1915\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.1 of LCHS 1975; revised 2011. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Africa", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gkp5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1448"}, "label": "1448"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gkp5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian I, 1448-1481"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092659.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1481"}, "label": "1481"}, "label": "Christian I, 1448-1481", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Christian I, 1448-1481\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3ffm9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ffm9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1989-1996", "First Liberian Civil War, 1989-1996"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91004399.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1996"}, "label": "1996"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1989"}, "label": "1989"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1014", "label": "Liberia"}], "label": "Civil War, 1989-1996", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Liberia--History--Civil War, 1989-1996\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 2008.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Liberia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3km32": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3km32", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection, 1925-1927", "Insurrection"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131705.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1927"}, "label": "1927"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1925"}, "label": "1925"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Insurrection, 1925-1927", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Syria--History--Insurrection, 1925-1927\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Syria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hbtq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hbtq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Augustus II, 1697-1733"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104054.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1733"}, "label": "1733"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1697"}, "label": "1697"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Augustus II, 1697-1733", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Augustus II, 1697-1733\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pk6b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pk6b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Habsburg, 1477-1556"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85090999.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1556"}, "label": "1556"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1477"}, "label": "1477"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "House of Habsburg, 1477-1556", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History--House of Habsburg, 1477-1556\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987, and p.66 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33jj8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33jj8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry VII, 1308-1313"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054549.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1313"}, "label": "1313"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1308"}, "label": "1308"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Henry VII, 1308-1313", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Henry VII, 1308-1313\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hjwv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hjwv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry V, 1413-1422"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056767.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1422"}, "label": "1422"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1413"}, "label": "1413"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Henry V, 1413-1422", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Henry V, 1413-1422\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33gz9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33gz9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Invasion, 1780-1781", "English Invasion of Nicaragua, 1780-1781"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091724.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1781"}, "label": "1781"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1780"}, "label": "1780"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "English Invasion, 1780-1781", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Nicaragua--History--English Invasion, 1780-1781\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nicaragua", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34nfc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34nfc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["European intervention, 1861-1867"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084584.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1867"}, "label": "1867"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "label": "European intervention, 1861-1867", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mexico--History--European intervention, 1861-1867\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.77 of LCSH 1987, and p.62 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34hhw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1647"}, "label": "1647"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34hhw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Naples (Kingdom)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96004316.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1647-1648", "Masaniello's Rebellion, 1647-1648"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1647-1648", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2634", "label": "Naples"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Naples (Kingdom)--History--Revolution, 1647-1648\". Added to LCSH in 1996, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bpt7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "1835"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bpt7", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85114159.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution of the Farrapos, 1835-1845"]}, "label": "Revolution of the Farrapos, 1835-1845", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil : State)--History--Revolution of the Farrapos, 1835-1845\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1845"}, "label": "1845"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g337dq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g337dq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Duarte, 1433-1438", "Edward, 1433-1438"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105262.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1438"}, "label": "1438"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1433"}, "label": "1433"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Duarte, 1433-1438", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Duarte, 1433-1438\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Edward, 1433-1438\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32xvj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32xvj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rudolf II, 1576-1612", "Rudolph II, 1576-1612"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009696.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1612"}, "label": "1612"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1576"}, "label": "1576"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Rudolf II, 1576-1612", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Rudolf II, 1576-1612\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Rudolph II, 1576-1612\" appears on p.7 of LCSH 1987, and p.6 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3smw6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3smw6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Miguel I, 1828-1834"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105284.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1834"}, "label": "1834"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1828"}, "label": "1828"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Miguel I, 1828-1834", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Miguel I, 1828-1834\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zbhx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zbhx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edward, the Confessor, 1042-1066"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056736.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1042"}, "label": "1042"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Edward, the Confessor, 1042-1066", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Edward, the Confessor, 1042-1066\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bm3g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bm3g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles V, 1519-1556"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061613.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1556"}, "label": "1556"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1519"}, "label": "1519"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Charles V, 1519-1556", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Charles V, 1519-1556\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry exists under \"Germany--History\", but with a separate URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q57q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q57q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republic, 1836-1846"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85134268.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1846"}, "label": "1846"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1836"}, "label": "1836"}, "label": "Republic, 1836-1846", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Texas--History--Republic, 1836-1846\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}]}, "p06c6g3959n": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3959n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85071516.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kansas--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.69 of LCSH 1987, and p.67 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kansas", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1558", "label": "Kansas"}]}, "p06c6g3sc82": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sc82", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ethelred II, 979-1016"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056734.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1016"}, "label": "1016"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0979"}, "label": "979"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Ethelred II, 979-1016", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Ethelred II, 979-1016\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nrpj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nrpj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry IV, 1056-1106"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061592.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1106"}, "label": "1106"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1056"}, "label": "1056"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Henry IV, 1056-1106", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Henry IV, 1056-1106\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r53r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r53r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Robert III, 1390-1406"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118838.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1406"}, "label": "1406"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1390"}, "label": "1390"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "Robert III, 1390-1406", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Robert III, 1390-1406\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fbx6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fbx6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick William I, 1713-1740"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85108067.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1740"}, "label": "1740"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "1713"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Frederick William I, 1713-1740", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Prussia--History--Frederick William I, 1713-1740\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.96 of LCSH 1987, and p.81 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Prussia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36csp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36csp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Southern Han kingdom, 917-971"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024063.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0971"}, "label": "971"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0917"}, "label": "917"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Southern Han kingdom, 917-971", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Southern Han kingdom, 917-971\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3htjz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pt", "id": "p06c6g3htjz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Afonso III, 1248-1279", "Alfonso III"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105252.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1279"}, "label": "1279"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1248"}, "label": "1248"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Afonso III, 1248-1279", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Afonso III, 1248-1279\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Alfonso III, 1248-1279\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "pt"}, "p06c6g33f84": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33f84", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Restoration, 1660-1688"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056801.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1688"}, "label": "1688"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Restoration, 1660-1688", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Restoration, 1660-1688\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38n66": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38n66", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Robert II, 996-1031"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051267.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1031"}, "label": "1031"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0996"}, "label": "996"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Robert II, 996-1031", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Robert II, 996-1031\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f8mz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f8mz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Baudouin I, 1951-1993"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012991.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1993"}, "label": "1993"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1951"}, "label": "1951"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Baudouin I, 1951-1993", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--Baudouin I, 1951-1993\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gwfd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gwfd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Separatist movement, 1918-1924", "Separatist movement in the Rhineland"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85113665.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1924"}, "label": "1924"}, "label": "Separatist movement, 1918-1924", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rhineland (Germany)--History--Separatist movement, 1918-1924\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rhineland (Germany)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35hxp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35hxp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125808.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia (country)"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q813", "label": "Kyrgyzstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q211", "label": "Latvia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}], "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Soviet Union--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.108 of LCSH 1987, and on p.87 of LCSH 1975 (source uses term \"Russia\"). Revised in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Soviet Union", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37jth": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37jth", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1918-1923"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138830.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1923"}, "label": "1923"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Revolution, 1918-1923", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Revolution, 1918-1923\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2011. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3883f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1923"}, "label": "1923"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3883f", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ruhr (Germany)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115787.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French occupation, 1923-1925", "French occupation of Ruhr Region, 1923-1925"]}, "label": "French occupation, 1923-1925", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ruhr (Germany : Region)--History--French occupation, 1923-1925\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1925"}, "label": "1925"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wtkq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wtkq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis XIV, 1643-1715"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051304.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1715"}, "label": "1715"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1643"}, "label": "1643"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis XIV, 1643-1715", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis XIV, 1643-1715\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36dvj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36dvj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paul V, 1605-1621"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001010627.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1621"}, "label": "1621"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1605"}, "label": "1605"}, "label": "Paul V, 1605-1621", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papal States--History--Paul V, 1605-1621\". Added to LCSH in 2001. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}]}, "p06c6g345z6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g345z6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sancho I, 1185-1211"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105249.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1211"}, "label": "1211"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Sancho I, 1185-1211", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Sancho I, 1185-1211\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.94 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ccbx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ccbx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Burgundy, 1384-1477"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85090998.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1477"}, "label": "1477"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1384"}, "label": "1384"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "House of Burgundy, 1384-1477", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History--House of Burgundy, 1384-1477\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987, and p.66 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jg2g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jg2g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maximilian I, 1493-1519"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054555.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1519"}, "label": "1519"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1493"}, "label": "1493"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Maximilian I, 1493-1519", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Maximilian I, 1493-1519\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kf6m": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1696"}, "label": "1696"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kf6m", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104053.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1696-1697"]}, "label": "Interregnum, 1696-1697", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Interregnum, 1696-1697\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2003. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1697"}, "label": "1697"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vf4s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vf4s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Expedition of Charles VIII, 1494-1496", "Caroline War, 1494-1496"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068952.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1496"}, "label": "1496"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1494"}, "label": "1494"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Expedition of Charles VIII, 1494-1496", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italy--History--Expedition of Charles VIII, 1494-1496\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3z6xg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z6xg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion of Pugachev, 1773-1775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125794.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1773"}, "label": "1773"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Rebellion of Pugachev, 1773-1775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Rebellion of Pugachev, 1773-1775\". Added to LCSH in 2003; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rwzm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rwzm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peter I, 1689-1725"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125782.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1725"}, "label": "1725"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1689"}, "label": "1689"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Peter I, 1689-1725", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Peter I, 1689-1725\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34xxk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34xxk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009717.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Allied occupation, 1945-1955"]}, "label": "Allied occupation, 1945-1955", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1955\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1955"}, "label": "1955"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g339gt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g339gt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belarus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018449.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1905-1907"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1905-1907", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belarus--History--Revolution, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rtdc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1806"}, "label": "1806"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rtdc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hesse (Germany)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85060503.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Grand duchy, 1806-1918"]}, "label": "Grand duchy, 1806-1918", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hesse (Germany)--History--1806-1918\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1997. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rvcb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rvcb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian III, 1534-1559"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036781.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1559"}, "label": "1559"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1534"}, "label": "1534"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Christian III, 1534-1559", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Christian III, 1534-1559\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3psws": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3psws", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Boston, Massachusetts", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015933.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antislavery movement, 1830-1863", "Antislavery movements"]}, "label": "Antislavery movement, 1830-1863", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Antislavery movements--Massachusetts--Boston\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised 1994. Earlier established form \"Boston (Mass.)--History--Antislavery movement, 1830-1863\" used as primary label, because it includes dates.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1863"}, "label": "1863"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xbcj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xbcj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry VI, 1190-1197"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061598.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1197"}, "label": "1197"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1190"}, "label": "1190"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Henry VI, 1190-1197", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Henry VI, 1190-1197\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xzg4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xzg4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Sacred War, 355-346 B.C", "Sacred War, 355-346 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89005021.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0345"}, "label": "346 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0354"}, "label": "355 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Third Sacred War, 355-346 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Third Sacred War, 355-346 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1989.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3phq8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3phq8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John III Sobieski, 1674-1696"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104052.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1696"}, "label": "1696"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1674"}, "label": "1674"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "John III Sobieski, 1674-1696", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--John III Sobieski, 1674-1696\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36frw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36frw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1939-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003780.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1939-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Wilhelmshaven (Germany)--History--Bombardment, 1939-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Wilhelmshaven (Germany)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3857", "label": "Wilhelmshaven"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fk2k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fk2k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stephen, 1135-1154"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056745.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1154"}, "label": "1154"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1135"}, "label": "1135"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Stephen, 1135-1154", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Stephen, 1135-1154\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35dc6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1968"}, "label": "1968"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35dc6", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Northern Ireland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092558.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Troubles, 1968-1998", "Northern Ireland Conflict, 1968-1998", "Irish Troubles, 1968-1998"]}, "label": "Troubles, 1968-1998", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q26", "label": "Northern Ireland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Northern Ireland--History--1968-1998\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2017. Actual primary title \"Northern Ireland--History--1968-1998\" was replaced with variant. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1998"}, "label": "1998"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vr3t": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vr3t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Northern Wei dynasty, 386-534"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024050.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0534"}, "label": "534"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0386"}, "label": "386"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Northern Wei dynasty, 386-534", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Northern Wei dynasty, 386-534\". Added to LCSH in 2000; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.16 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hvj8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hvj8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Isabel I, 1474-1504"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020689.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1504"}, "label": "1504"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1474"}, "label": "1474"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Isabel I, 1474-1504", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Isabel I, 1474-1504\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1998. Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f3rv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1992"}, "label": "1992"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f3rv", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Algeria", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2012001604.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1992-2006"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1992-2006", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Algeria--History--Civil War, 1992-2006\". Added to LCSH in 2012, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2006"}, "label": "2006"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cng7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1976"}, "label": "1976"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cng7", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Argentina ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2003004019.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dirty War, 1976-1983"]}, "label": "Dirty War, 1976-1983", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Argentina--History--Dirty War, 1976-1983\". Added to LCSH in 2003, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1983"}, "label": "1983"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tjk7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0087"}, "label": "88 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tjk7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mithridatic Wars, 88-63 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115119.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0062"}, "label": "63 B.C."}, "label": "Mithridatic Wars, 88-63 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Mithridatic Wars, 88-63 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}]}, "p06c6g36j9t": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36j9t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chimurenga War, 1966-1980", "Rhodesian War", "Second Chimurenga War", "Zimbabwean Revolution"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86007010.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1980"}, "label": "1980"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1966"}, "label": "1966"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "label": "Chimurenga War, 1966-1980", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Zimbabwe--History--Chimurenga War, 1966-1980\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.132 of LCSH 1987, and p.110 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Zimbabwe", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kn66": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1364"}, "label": "1364"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kn66", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009008442.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ava kingdom, 1364-1527", "Innwa kingdom, 1364-1527"]}, "label": "Ava kingdom, 1364-1527", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Burma--History--Ava kingdom, 1364-1527\". Added to LCSH in 2009, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1527"}, "label": "1527"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jt68": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0268"}, "label": "268"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jt68", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Claudius II, 268-270?"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115156.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0270"}, "label": "270?"}, "label": "Claudius II, 268-270?", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Claudius II, 268-270?\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3fnbg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fnbg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion of Zebrzydowski, 1606-1609"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104046.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1609"}, "label": "1609"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1606"}, "label": "1606"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Rebellion of Zebrzydowski, 1606-1609", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Rebellion of Zebrzydowski, 1606-1609\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m7d3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pt", "id": "p06c6g3m7d3", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2013002770.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis, 1861-1889"], "pt": ["Luís I, 1861-1889"]}, "label": "Luís I, 1861-1889", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Luís I, 1861-1889\". Added to LCSH in 2013, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1889"}, "label": "1889"}, "languageTag": "pt"}, "p06c6g35tfv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35tfv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peter I, 1782-1830", "Petar I, 1782-1830"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85087052.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1782"}, "label": "1782"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}], "label": "Peter I, 1782-1830", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Montenegro--History--Peter I, 1782-1830\". Added to LCSH in 2005. Alternate label \"Petar I, 1782-1830\" appears on p.79 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2005.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Montenegro", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h3gx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h3gx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Joachim Murat, 1808-1815"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85089743.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "label": "Joachim Murat, 1808-1815", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Naples (Kingdom)--History--Joachim Murat, 1808-1815\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Naples (Kingdom)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2634", "label": "Naples"}]}, "p06c6g344tq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g344tq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anschluss movement, 1918-1938"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005472.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1938"}, "label": "1938"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Anschluss movement, 1918-1938", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Anschluss movement, 1918-1938\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2005.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria, Germany", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qhtc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qhtc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vladislaus III, 1434-1444"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99000171.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1444"}, "label": "1444"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1434"}, "label": "1434"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Vladislaus III, 1434-1444", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Vladislaus III, 1434-1444\". Added to LCSH in 1999; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33r2n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33r2n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sigismund I, 1506-1548"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104038.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1548"}, "label": "1548"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1506"}, "label": "1506"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Sigismund I, 1506-1548", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Sigismund I, 1506-1548\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p7g4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p7g4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection of the Camisards, 1702-1710", "War of the Camisards", "War of the Cévennes"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010004000.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1710"}, "label": "1710"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1702"}, "label": "1702"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Insurrection of the Camisards, 1702-1710", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Insurrection of the Camisards, 1702-1710\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qj69": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qj69", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles I, 1516-1556"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126076.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1556"}, "label": "1556"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1516"}, "label": "1516"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Charles I, 1516-1556", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Charles I, 1516-1556\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xws8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1295"}, "label": "1295"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xws8", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020680.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand IV, 1295-1312"]}, "label": "Ferdinand IV, 1295-1312", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Ferdinand IV, 1295-1312\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1998. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1312"}, "label": "1312"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32vfg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32vfg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles III, 898-922"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051260.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0922"}, "label": "922"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0898"}, "label": "898"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Charles III, 898-922", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Charles III, 898-922\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fwnx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fwnx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qajar dynasty, 1794-1925", "Kajar dynasty, 1794-1925"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85067900.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1925"}, "label": "1925"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1794"}, "label": "1794"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Qajar dynasty, 1794-1925", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iran--History--Qajar dynasty, 1794-1925\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.60 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iran", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fx98": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1585"}, "label": "1585"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fx98", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sixtus V, 1585-1590"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097562.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1590"}, "label": "1590"}, "label": "Sixtus V, 1585-1590", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papal States--History--Sixtus V, 1585-1590\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.89 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}]}, "p06c6g3hks8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hks8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Michael Wisniowiecki, 1669-1673"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104051.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1673"}, "label": "1673"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1669"}, "label": "1669"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Michael Wisniowiecki, 1669-1673", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Michael Wisniowiecki, 1669-1673\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q5sg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q5sg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mahmud I, 1730-1754"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138817.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1754"}, "label": "1754"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1730"}, "label": "1730"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Mahmud I, 1730-1754", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Mahmud I, 1730-1754\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vkr6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vkr6", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belarus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89004903.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1941-1944"]}, "label": "German occupation, 1941-1944", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belarus--History--German occupation, 1941-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39gzm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0270"}, "label": "270"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39gzm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Aurelian, 270-275"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115157.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0275"}, "label": "275"}, "label": "Aurelian, 270-275", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Aurelian, 270-275\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g37hvj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37hvj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mehmed III, 1595-1603", "Mohammed III, 1595-1603"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138810.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1595"}, "label": "1595"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Mehmed III, 1595-1603", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Mehmed III, 1595-1603\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Mohammed III, 1595-1603\" appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tx5h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tx5h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Zhou dynasty, 951-960", "Later Chou dynasty, 951-960"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024065.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0951"}, "label": "951"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Later Zhou dynasty, 951-960", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Later Zhou dynasty, 951-960\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Later Chou dynasty, 951-960\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wnrw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wnrw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso X, 1252-1284"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020678.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1284"}, "label": "1284"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1252"}, "label": "1252"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "label": "Alfonso X, 1252-1284", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Alfonso X, 1252-1284\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xzt3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xzt3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Barons' War, 1263-1267"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85011914.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1267"}, "label": "1267"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1263"}, "label": "1263"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Barons' War, 1263-1267", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Barons' War, 1263-1267\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nz2r": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1357"}, "label": "1357"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nz2r", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Paris", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85098045.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uprising of 1357-1358"]}, "label": "Uprising of 1357-1358", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Paris (France)--History--Uprising of 1357-1358\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1358"}, "label": "1358"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wzxq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wzxq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles II, 840-877"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051258.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0877"}, "label": "877"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0840"}, "label": "840"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Charles II, 840-877", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Charles II, 840-877\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cnk4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cnk4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Basiliscus, 475-476"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002999.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0475"}, "label": "475"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Basiliscus, 475-476", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Basiliscus, 475-476\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f56n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f56n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars with Persia, 1576-1639"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138809.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1639"}, "label": "1639"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1576"}, "label": "1576"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Wars with Persia, 1576-1639", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Wars with Persia, 1576-1639\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3837b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3837b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry III, 1574-1589"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051299.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1589"}, "label": "1589"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1574"}, "label": "1574"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Henry III, 1574-1589", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Henry III, 1574-1589\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pcg5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pcg5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian IX, 1863-1906"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036802.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1906"}, "label": "1906"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1863"}, "label": "1863"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Christian IX, 1863-1906", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Christian IX, 1863-1906\".  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.28 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bdrj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bdrj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tang dynasty, 618-907", "T'ang dynasty, 618-907"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024059.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0907"}, "label": "907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0618"}, "label": "618"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Tang dynasty, 618-907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Tang dynasty, 618-907\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"T'ang dynasty, 618-907\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and on p.16 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nsm7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nsm7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Northern Expedition, 1926-1928"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024113.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1928"}, "label": "1928"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1926"}, "label": "1926"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Northern Expedition, 1926-1928", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Northern Expedition, 1926-1928\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2014. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3stt5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3stt5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William I, 1871-1888"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054577.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1888"}, "label": "1888"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1871"}, "label": "1871"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "William I, 1871-1888", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--William I, 1871-1888\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.44 of LCSH 1987, and p.35 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3556v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3556v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Twentieth dynasty, 1200-ca. 1070 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010015329.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1069"}, "label": "ca. 1070 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Twentieth dynasty, 1200-ca. 1070 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Twentieth dynasty, 1200-ca. 1070 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cmjj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cmjj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85072522.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q813", "label": "Kyrgyzstan"}], "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kyrgyzstan--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kyrgyzstan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33ns4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33ns4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry V, 1106-1125"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054537.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1106"}, "label": "1106"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Henry V, 1106-1125", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Henry V, 1106-1125\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3srn5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1138"}, "label": "1138"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3srn5", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88007510.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vladislaus II, 1138-1146"]}, "label": "Vladislaus II, 1138-1146", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Vladislaus II, 1138-1146\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 2003. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1146"}, "label": "1146"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vts9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vts9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Diadochi, 323-276 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85079269.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0275"}, "label": "276 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q83958", "label": "Macedonia"}], "label": "Diadochi, 323-276 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Macedonia--History--Diadochi, 323-276 B.C\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.74 of LCSH 1987, and p.59 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Macedonia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zvgj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1880"}, "label": "1880"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zvgj", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004002201.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anti-Kine-Killing Movement, 1880-1894", "Anti-Kine-Killing Agitation, 1880-1894"]}, "label": "Anti-Kine-Killing Movement, 1880-1894", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"India--History--Anti-Kine-Killing Movement, 1880-1894\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2005.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1894"}, "label": "1894"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jdnz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jdnz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sofʹi︠a︡ Alekseevna, 1682-1689", "Sophia, 1682-1689"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125781.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1689"}, "label": "1689"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1682"}, "label": "1682"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Sofʹi︠a︡ Alekseevna, 1682-1689", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Sofʹi︠a︡ Alekseevna, 1682-1689\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Sophia, 1682-1689\" appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xjwj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xjwj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles II, 1665-1700"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126081.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1665"}, "label": "1665"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Charles II, 1665-1700", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Charles II, 1665-1700\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xhd5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xhd5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anastasius I, 491-518"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95009240.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0518"}, "label": "518"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0491"}, "label": "491"}, "label": "Anastasius I, 491-518", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Anastasius I, 491-518\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in same year.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g32j4g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32j4g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1963-1974"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057783.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1974"}, "label": "1974"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1963"}, "label": "1963"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1007", "label": "Guinea-Bissau"}], "label": "Revolution, 1963-1974", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Guinea-Bissau--History--Revolution, 1963-1974\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Guinea-Bissau", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xjbs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xjbs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mieszko III, 1173-1177"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104026.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1177"}, "label": "1177"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1173"}, "label": "1173"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Mieszko III, 1173-1177", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Mieszko III, 1173-1177\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rb8j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rb8j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Austrian occupation, 1915-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104094.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1915"}, "label": "1915"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Austrian occupation, 1915-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Austrian occupation, 1915-1918\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.94 of LCSH 1987, and p.79 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p4cf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p4cf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sonderbund, 1845-1847"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131329.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1847"}, "label": "1847"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1845"}, "label": "1845"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}], "label": "Sonderbund, 1845-1847", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Switzerland--History--Sonderbund, 1845-1847\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.114 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.97 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Switzerland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t8nq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t8nq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis VI, 1108-1137"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051270.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1137"}, "label": "1137"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1108"}, "label": "1108"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis VI, 1108-1137", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis VI, 1108-1137\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h6h2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1744"}, "label": "1744"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h6h2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["King George's War, 1744-1748"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081929.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1748"}, "label": "1748"}, "label": "King George's War, 1744-1748", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Massachusetts--History--King George's War, 1744-1748\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 75 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Massachusetts", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}]}, "p06c6g3wrwv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wrwv", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85070405.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion, 66-73", "Jewish-Roman War, 66-73", "Roman-Jewish War, 66-73"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0066"}, "label": "66"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "label": "Rebellion, 66-73", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Jews--History--Rebellion, 66-73\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1989. Spatial coverage designation given as \"Jews\", spatial coverage extent inferred from knowledge of the Jewish Revolt.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0073"}, "label": "73"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36rh6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36rh6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1941-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85139366.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "label": "German occupation, 1941-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ukraine--History--German occupation, 1941-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p. 118 of LCSH 1986 and p.100 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ukraine", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ft3p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1809"}, "label": "1809"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ft3p", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131079.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles XIII, 1809-1818"]}, "label": "Charles XIII, 1809-1818", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Charles XIII, 1809-1818\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1818"}, "label": "1818"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vszh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vszh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Joseph I, 1705-1711"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1711"}, "label": "1711"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1705"}, "label": "1705"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Joseph I, 1705-1711", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Joseph I, 1705-1711\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2000. An identical entry exists under \"Austria--History\", but with a separate URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00006246.html", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32gjh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32gjh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1848-1849"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98003658.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "Revolution, 1848-1849", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Slovenia--History--Revolution, 1848-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37prx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1803"}, "label": "1803"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37prx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hannover (Germany)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009001404.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French occupation, 1803-1813"]}, "label": "French occupation, 1803-1813", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hannover (Germany : Province)--History--French occupation, 1803-1813\". Added to LCSH in 2009, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1813"}, "label": "1813"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n94f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n94f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85071966.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kentucky--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.69 of LCSH 1987, and p.67 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kentucky", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1603", "label": "Kentucky"}]}, "p06c6g384sb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g384sb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stefan Batory, 1575-1586"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104043.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1586"}, "label": "1586"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1575"}, "label": "1575"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Stefan Batory, 1575-1586", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Stefan Batory, 1575-1586\". Added to LCSH in 2003. Alternate spelling \"Stephen Bathory\" appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rpv6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rpv6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Angevin period, 1154-1216"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056747.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1216"}, "label": "1216"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1154"}, "label": "1154"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Angevin period, 1154-1216", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Angevin period, 1154-1216\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cdzj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cdzj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Armenian massacres, 1915-1923", "Armenian genocide"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007296.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1923"}, "label": "1923"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1915"}, "label": "1915"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Armenian massacres, 1915-1923", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Armenian massacres, 1915-1923\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Spatial coverage inferred from related subjects (Armenia -- History) and the historical context of the reference (events that happened in Turkey).", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Armenia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32mpq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1571"}, "label": "1571"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32mpq", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87004675.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkish rule, 1571-1878"]}, "label": "Turkish rule, 1571-1878", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cyprus--History--Turkish rule, 1571-1878\". Added to LCSH in 1987, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h89r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h89r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Plague, 3rd century", "Cyprian's plague"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85102596.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200"}, "label": "Plague, 3rd century", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Plague--Rome--History--3rd century\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2011. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3w7f5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w7f5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1941-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85077632.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}], "label": "German occupation, 1941-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lithuania--History--German Occupation, 1941-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.73 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lithuania", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q5v3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q5v3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Süleyman II, 1687-1691"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138814.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1691"}, "label": "1691"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1687"}, "label": "1687"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Süleyman II, 1687-1691", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Süleyman II, 1687-1691\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Suleiman II, 1687-1691\"\" appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37436": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37436", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of Consolidation, 1462-1605"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125771.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1605"}, "label": "1605"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1462"}, "label": "1462"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Period of Consolidation, 1462-1605", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Period of Consolidation, 1462-1605\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w5pp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w5pp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mary I, 1553-1558"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056782.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1558"}, "label": "1558"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1553"}, "label": "1553"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Mary I, 1553-1558", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Mary I, 1553-1558\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vz5z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vz5z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taishō period, 1912-1926"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069500.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1926"}, "label": "1926"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Taishō period, 1912-1926", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Taishō period, 1912-1926\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.67 of LCSH 1987, and p.54 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xt89": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xt89", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick II, 1559-1588"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036783.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1588"}, "label": "1588"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1559"}, "label": "1559"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Frederick II, 1559-1588", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Frederick II, 1559-1588\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gfk7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1697"}, "label": "1697"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gfk7", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131070.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles XII, 1697-1718"]}, "label": "Charles XII, 1697-1718", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Charles XII, 1697-1718\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1718"}, "label": "1718"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r4bk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "ca. 1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r4bk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081755.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "label": "Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Maryland--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.75 of LCSH 1987, and p.73 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Maryland", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1391", "label": "Maryland"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rcqn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rcqn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85067857.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iowa--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.60 of LCSH 1987, and p.58 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iowa", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1546", "label": "Iowa"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36zkb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36zkb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85071970.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kentucky--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.69 of LCSH 1987, and p.67 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kentucky", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1603", "label": "Kentucky"}]}, "p06c6g35s85": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35s85", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pedro I, 1357-1367"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105255.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1367"}, "label": "1367"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1357"}, "label": "1357"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Pedro I, 1357-1367", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Pedro I, 1357-1367\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rttw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rttw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1940-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97006907.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}], "label": "German occupation, 1940-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Luxembourg--History--German occupation, 1940-1944\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Luxembourg", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x8v6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "ca. 1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x8v6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85031161.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "label": "Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Connecticut--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.24 of LCSH 1987, and p.20 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Connecticut", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q779", "label": "Connecticut"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hdrn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1922"}, "label": "1922"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hdrn", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ireland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068028.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1922-1923"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1922-1923", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ireland--History--Civil War, 1922-1923\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1923"}, "label": "1923"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jtqp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pt", "id": "p06c6g3jtqp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Afonso I, 1139-1185", "Alfonso Henriques"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105248.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1139"}, "label": "1139"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Afonso I, 1139-1185", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Afonso I, 1139-1185\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Alfonso Henriques, 1139-1185\" appears on p.94 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "pt"}, "p06c6g3vk9b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vk9b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yuan dynasty, 1260-1368"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024071.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1368"}, "label": "1368"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1260"}, "label": "1260"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Yuan dynasty, 1260-1368", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Yuan dynasty, 1260-1368\". Added to LCSH in 2000; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3v8zm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v8zm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1821-1829", "War of Independence, Greece, 1821-1829"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057095.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1829"}, "label": "1829"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1821"}, "label": "1821"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1821-1829", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--War of Independence, 1821-1829\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975 under \"Greece, Modern\".", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g395rh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g395rh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hohenstaufen, 1138-1254"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054540.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1254"}, "label": "1254"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1138"}, "label": "1138"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Hohenstaufen, 1138-1254", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Hohenstaufen, 1138-1254\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ztjv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ztjv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1942-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003755.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1942-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ogasa-gun (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1942-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ogasa-gun (Japan)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7079823", "label": "Ogasa"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tst4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tst4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis X, 1314-1316"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051279.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1316"}, "label": "1316"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1314"}, "label": "1314"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis X, 1314-1316", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis X, 1314-1316\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35x86": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35x86", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056778.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern period, 1485-"]}, "label": "Modern period, 1485-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--1485-\". Added to LCSH in 2006, revised in same year. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w8n6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1906"}, "label": "1906"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w8n6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["American occupation, 1906-1909"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034580.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1909"}, "label": "1909"}, "label": "American occupation, 1906-1909", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cuba--History--American Occupation, 1906-1909\". Added to LCSH in 2004, appears on p.25 of LCSH 1987, and on p.19 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cuba", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33wp2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33wp2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Empire, 30 B.C.-284 A.D"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115127.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "284 A.D."}, "label": "Empire, 30 B.C.-284 A.D", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Empire, 30 B.C.-284 A.D\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g357fg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g357fg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007186.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Arizona--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.5 of LCSH 1987, and p.4 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Arizona", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q816", "label": "Arizona"}]}, "p06c6g3fh95": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fh95", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Albert II, 1438-1439"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91006061.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1439"}, "label": "1439"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1438"}, "label": "1438"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Albert II, 1438-1439", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Albert II, 1438-1439\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38j4s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1153"}, "label": "1153"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38j4s", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002009495.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Malcolm IV, 1153-1165"]}, "label": "Malcolm IV, 1153-1165", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Malcolm IV, 1153-1165\". Added to LCSH in 2002. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1165"}, "label": "1165"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s5p2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s5p2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Richard III, 1483-1485"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056774.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1483"}, "label": "1483"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Richard III, 1483-1485", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Richard III, 1483-1485\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gg5w": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gg5w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leopold I, 1658-1705"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061619.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1705"}, "label": "1705"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1658"}, "label": "1658"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Leopold I, 1658-1705", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Leopold I, 1658-1705\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rbjw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rbjw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mohammed Ali, 1805-1849"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041301.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1805"}, "label": "1805"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Mohammed Ali, 1805-1849", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Mohammed Ali, 1805-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.29 of LCSH 1987, and p.23 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2013. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rgs2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rgs2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles Louis, 1648-1680"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85096975.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1680"}, "label": "1680"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Charles Louis, 1648-1680", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Palatinate (Germany)--History--Charles Louis, 1648-1680\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.88 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975. Source notes Palatinate is in modern Germany.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palatinate (Germany)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3knrw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3knrw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boxer Rebellion, 1899-1901  "]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024100.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Boxer Rebellion, 1899-1901  ", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Boxer Rebellion, 1899-1901\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gjc7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gjc7", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belarus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018450.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belarus--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sqds": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sqds", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140205.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1999; appears on p. 122 of LCSH 1986 and p.103 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hjcf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1794"}, "label": "1794"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hjcf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British occupation, 1794-1796"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85033080.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "label": "British occupation, 1794-1796", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Corsica--History--British occupation, 1794-1796\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.24 of LCSH 1987, and on p.18 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Corsica", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q14112", "label": "Corsica"}]}, "p06c6g3bz8j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bz8j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James VI, 1567-1625"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118846.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1625"}, "label": "1625"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "James VI, 1567-1625", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--James VI, 1567-1625\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37gkw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37gkw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1944-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96008328.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Bombardment, 1944-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Bombardment, 1944-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1996, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sv63": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1855"}, "label": "1855"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sv63", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85119946.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Seminole War, 1855-1858", "Seminole Wars, 1817-1858"]}, "label": "Third Seminole War, 1855-1858", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Seminole War, 3rd, 1855-1858\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1990. Note that alternate label \"Seminole Wars\" includes the First and Second Seminole Wars as well.  ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1858"}, "label": "1858"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w37b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w37b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Saxon House, 919-1024"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054530.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1024"}, "label": "1024"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0919"}, "label": "919"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Saxon House, 919-1024", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Saxon House, 919-1024\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fc7h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fc7h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John VI, 1816-1826"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105280.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1826"}, "label": "1826"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1816"}, "label": "1816"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "John VI, 1816-1826", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--John VI, 1816-1826\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34zh9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34zh9", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097533.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Popes at Avignon, 1309-1378", "Papal Babylonian captivity"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1309"}, "label": "1309"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Popes at Avignon, 1309-1378", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papacy--History--1309-1378\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Spatial coverage description given as \"Papacy\", spatial coverage extent inferred from locations of Papacy and Anti-Papacy during the Avignon Papacy.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1378"}, "label": "1378"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papacy, Avignon"}, "p06c6g34t3p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34t3p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection, 1804-1813"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85120168.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1813"}, "label": "1813"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1804"}, "label": "1804"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}], "label": "Insurrection, 1804-1813", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Serbia--History--Insurrection, 1804-1813\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k8pg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0843"}, "label": "843"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k8pg", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85090971.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Ages, 843-1555"]}, "label": "Middle Ages, 843-1555", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--Church history--To 1500\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1555"}, "label": "1555"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3v53f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v53f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antirightist Campaign, 1957-1958"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024125.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1958"}, "label": "1958"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1957"}, "label": "1957"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Antirightist Campaign, 1957-1958", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Antirightist Campaign, 1957-1958\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2013.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32gnd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32gnd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Papal Interdict, 1199-1200"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89003467.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1199"}, "label": "1199"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Papal Interdict, 1199-1200", "editorialNote": "Extracted from \"France--History--Papal Interdict, 1199-1200\". Added to LCSH in 1989.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qrnp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qrnp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles IV, 1347-1378"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054551.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1378"}, "label": "1378"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1347"}, "label": "1347"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Charles IV, 1347-1378", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Charles IV, 1347-1378\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rxr4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rxr4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fernando I, 1367-1383", "Fernando"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105256.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1383"}, "label": "1383"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1367"}, "label": "1367"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Fernando I, 1367-1383", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Fernando I, 1367-1383\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w79x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w79x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Albert I, 1298-1308"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061603.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1308"}, "label": "1308"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1298"}, "label": "1298"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Albert I, 1298-1308", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Albert I, 1298-1308\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry is present under \"Germany--History\" with a distinct URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3krdq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3krdq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Allied occupation, 1945-1952"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069508.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1952"}, "label": "1952"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Allied occupation, 1945-1952", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Allied occupation, 1945-1952\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q6c6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1537"}, "label": "1537"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q6c6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian III, 1537-1559"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092661.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1559"}, "label": "1559"}, "label": "Christian III, 1537-1559", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Christian III, 1537-1559\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3kgmf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kgmf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Intermediate Period, ca. 1071-ca. 650 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010007271.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0649"}, "label": "ca. 650 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1070"}, "label": "ca. 1071 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Third Intermediate Period, ca. 1071-ca. 650 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Third Intermediate Period, ca. 1071-ca. 650 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kt3k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kt3k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shunzhi, 1644-1661", "Shun chih, 1644-1661"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024076.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1661"}, "label": "1661"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1644"}, "label": "1644"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Shunzhi, 1644-1661", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Shunzhi, 1644-1661\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Shun chih, 1644-1661\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and p.16 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h3m5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h3m5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Richard I, 1189-1199"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056750.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1199"}, "label": "1199"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1189"}, "label": "1189"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Richard I, 1189-1199", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Richard I, 1189-1199\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bsbt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1966"}, "label": "1966"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bsbt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024126.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cultural Revolution, 1966-1976", "Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, 1966-1969, 1976", "Cultural Revolution, 1966-1969"]}, "label": "Cultural Revolution, 1966-1976", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Cultural Revolution, 1966-1976\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1998. The list of sources for this entry indicates some disagreement about the dates of the Cultural Revolution proper, the first phase of which ended in 1969, but which is now considered to have continued until 1976 and the arrest of the Gang of Four.", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1976", "earliestYear": "1969"}, "label": "1969 or 1976"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bp6v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bp6v", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete (Greece)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90005236.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Venetian rule, 1204-1669"]}, "label": "Venetian rule, 1204-1669", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crete (Greece)--History--Venetian rule, 1204-1669\". Added to LCSH in 1990, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1669"}, "label": "1669"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zfkb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zfkb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ismail, 1863-1879"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041302.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1879"}, "label": "1879"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1863"}, "label": "1863"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Ismail, 1863-1879", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Ismail, 1863-1879\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.29 of LCSH 1987, and p.23 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2013. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32shj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32shj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John II Comnenus, 1118-1143"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018504.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1143"}, "label": "1143"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1118"}, "label": "1118"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "John II Comnenus, 1118-1143", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--John II Comnenus, 1118-1143\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tmwd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tmwd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Miloš Obrenović, 1814-1839"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88002096.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}], "label": "Miloš Obrenović, 1814-1839", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Serbia--History--Miloš Obrenović, 1814-1839\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hqj7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hqj7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mahmud II, 1808-1839"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138822.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Mahmud II, 1808-1839", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Mahmud II, 1808-1839\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x5nm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x5nm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip I, 1060-1108"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051269.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1108"}, "label": "1108"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1060"}, "label": "1060"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Philip I, 1060-1108", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Philip I, 1060-1108\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3stfv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1094"}, "label": "1094"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3stfv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pedro I, 1094-1104"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98005683.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1104"}, "label": "1104"}, "label": "Pedro I, 1094-1104", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Pedro I, 1094-1104\". Added to LCSH in 1998.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}]}, "p06c6g3kpzx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1915"}, "label": "1915"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kpzx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86000555.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1915-1916", "Hu-kuo yün tung, 1915-1916", "Third Revolution, 1915-1916", "Yünnan Revolt, 1915-1916"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1915-1916", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Revolution, 1915-1916\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qbnk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qbnk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cuba", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034567.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection, 1849-1851", "Lopez expeditions to Cuba"]}, "label": "Insurrection, 1849-1851", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cuba--History--Insurrection, 1849-1851\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1851"}, "label": "1851"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mgkc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mgkc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edward VII, 1901-1910"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056826.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1910"}, "label": "1910"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Edward VII, 1901-1910", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Edward VII, 1901-1910\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hqd2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hqd2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ivan Asen I, 1186-1196"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86003203.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1196"}, "label": "1196"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1186"}, "label": "1186"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "Ivan Asen I, 1186-1196", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bulgaria--History--Ivan Asen I, 1186-1196\". Appears on p.13 of LCSH 1987, added to LCSH in 1986. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38hqk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38hqk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Siege, 1940-1943", "Malta, Battle of, 1940-1943"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95002305.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "label": "Siege, 1940-1943", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Malta--History--Siege, 1940-1943\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Malta", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}]}, "p06c6g38rqd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38rqd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1285-1371"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118831.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1371"}, "label": "1371"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1285"}, "label": "1285"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1285-1371", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--War of Independence, 1285-1371\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.101 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34v5j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34v5j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Murad IV, 1623-1640"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138811.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1640"}, "label": "1640"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1623"}, "label": "1623"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Murad IV, 1623-1640", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Murad IV, 1623-1640\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37tcq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37tcq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Geometric period, ca. 900-700 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057076.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "ca. 900 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Geometric period, ca. 900-700 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Geometric period, ca. 900-700 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dmst": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1993"}, "label": "1993"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dmst", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burundi", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2011003175.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1993-2005"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1993-2005", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q967", "label": "Burundi"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Burundi--History--Civil War, 1993-2005\". Added to LCSH in 2011, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2005"}, "label": "2005"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tb54": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1831"}, "label": "1831"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tb54", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86005424.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion, 1831-1832"]}, "label": "Rebellion, 1831-1832", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Brazil, Northeast--History--Rebellion, 1831-1832\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1832"}, "label": "1832"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sm4n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sm4n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["United Kingdom, 1815-1822", "United Kingdom", "United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and Algarves"], "pt": ["Reino Unido"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93009053.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1822"}, "label": "1822"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "United Kingdom, 1815-1822", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Brazil--History--United Kingdom, 1815-1822\". Added to LCSH in 1993.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3z6ms": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z6ms", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eric XIV, 1560-1568"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131062.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1568"}, "label": "1568"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1560"}, "label": "1560"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Eric XIV, 1560-1568", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Eric XIV, 1560-1568\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.113 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sctr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sctr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis I, 814-840"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98007267.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0840"}, "label": "840"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0814"}, "label": "814"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Louis I, 814-840", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Louis I, 814-840\". Added to LCSH in 1998.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kk9j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kk9j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo-French War, 1793-1802"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005071.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1802"}, "label": "1802"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1793"}, "label": "1793"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "label": "Anglo-French War, 1793-1802", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Anglo-French War, 1793-1802\". Added to LCSH and revised in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gks2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gks2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bourbon Restoration, 1814-1868"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126091.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Bourbon Restoration, 1814-1868", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Bourbon Restoration, 1814-1868\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ttjz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "284"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ttjz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Diocletian, 284-305"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115159.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0305"}, "label": "305"}, "label": "Diocletian, 284-305", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Diocletian, 284-305\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3d5cw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1554"}, "label": "1554"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3d5cw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85132217.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tamoio Confederation, 1554-1567"]}, "label": "Tamoio Confederation, 1554-1567", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Tamoio Confederation, 1554-1567\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2016.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37q7r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37q7r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Konrad III, 1138-1152", "Conrad III, 1138-1152"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054539.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1152"}, "label": "1152"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1138"}, "label": "1138"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Konrad III, 1138-1152", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Konrad III, 1138-1152\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2014. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k585": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1876"}, "label": "1876"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k585", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008005072.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1876-1877"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1876-1877", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Colombia--History--Civil War, 1876-1877\". Added to LCSH in 2008, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1877"}, "label": "1877"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3983n": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3983n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Uzbekistan", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85141672.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Uzbekistan--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fhxg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fhxg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1999-2003", "Second Liberian Civil War, 1999-2003"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008005550.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2003"}, "label": "2003"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1999"}, "label": "1999"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1014", "label": "Liberia"}], "label": "Civil War, 1999-2003", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Liberia--History--Civil War, 1999-2003\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2008.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Liberia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36z36": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36z36", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gempei Wars, 1180-1185", "Taira-Minamoto War, 1180-1185", "Minamoto-Taira War, 1180-1185", "Jishō-Juei War, 1180-1185", "Genpei Wars, 1180-1185"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069451.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1180"}, "label": "1180"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Gempei Wars, 1180-1185", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Gempei Wars, 1180-1185\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qntd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qntd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85065008.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indiana--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.59 of LCSH 1987, and p.57 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indiana", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1415", "label": "Indiana"}]}, "p06c6g334kf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g334kf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian VI, 1730-1746"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036790.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1746"}, "label": "1746"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1730"}, "label": "1730"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Christian VI, 1730-1746", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Christian VI, 1730-1746\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and p.21 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q5kp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q5kp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mfecane period, 1816-ca. 1840", "Mfecane period", "Difaqane period", "Lifaqane period"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88001790.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1840"}, "label": "ca. 1840"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1816"}, "label": "1816"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Swaziland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27394", "label": "Southern Africa"}], "label": "Mfecane period, 1816-ca. 1840", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Africa, Southern--History--Mfecane period, 1816-ca. 1840\". Added to LCSH in 1988. Spatial coverage extent inferred from LCSH definition of \"Africa, Southern\" as \"the area south of Congo (Democratic Republic) and Tanzania\" (http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85001653.html).", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa, Southern", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x7xh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1109"}, "label": "1109"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x7xh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Urraca, 1109-1126"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97004589.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1126"}, "label": "1126"}, "label": "Urraca, 1109-1126", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Urraca, 1109-1126\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in 1998.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile (Spain)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}]}, "p06c6g3kmdp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kmdp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leo VI, 886-911"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018497.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0911"}, "label": "911"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0886"}, "label": "886"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Leo VI, 886-911", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Leo VI, 886-911\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3399c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3399c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boris III, 1918-1943"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85017879.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "Boris III, 1918-1943", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bulgaria--History--Boris III, 1918-1943\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.13 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rn5z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rn5z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ludwig IV, 1294-1347", "Louis IV, 1294-1347"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012469.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1347"}, "label": "1347"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1294"}, "label": "1294"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Ludwig IV, 1294-1347", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bavaria--History--Ludwig IV, 1294-1347\". Appears under the alternate label \"Louis IV, 1294-1347\" on p.8 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.8 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2007. Source notes Bavaria is in modern Germany.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bavaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39gkc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39gkc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fuad, 1917-1936"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041305.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1936"}, "label": "1936"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Fuad, 1917-1936", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt-- History--Fuad, 1917-1936\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.30 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jw2k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jw2k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis V, 986-987"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009006780.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0987"}, "label": "987"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0986"}, "label": "986"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis V, 986-987", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis V, 986-987\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jxnv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1952"}, "label": "1952"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jxnv", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056830.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Elizabeth II, 1952-"]}, "label": "Elizabeth II, 1952-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Elizabeth II, 1952-\". Added to LCSH in 1986", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qs4h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qs4h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spartan and Theban Supremacies, 404-362 B.C", "Theban and Spartan Supremacies, Greece, 404-362 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057084.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0361"}, "label": "362 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0403"}, "label": "404 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Spartan and Theban Supremacies, 404-362 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Spartan and Theban Supremacies, 404-362 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kqm8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kqm8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War with Great Britain, 1856-1857"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85067902.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1857"}, "label": "1857"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1856"}, "label": "1856"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "War with Great Britain, 1856-1857", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iran--History--War with Great Britain, 1856-1857\". Added to LCSH in 2001; appears on p.60 of LCSH 1987, and p.49 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2001. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iran", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vjht": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vjht", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85070410.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion, 115-117"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0115"}, "label": "115"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "label": "Rebellion, 115-117", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Jews--History--Rebellion, 115-117\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. Spatial coverage description given only as \"Jews\". Spatial coverage extent inferred from knowledge of the Jewish Revolt.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "117"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mgxb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1845"}, "label": "1845"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mgxb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85122433.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sikh War, 1845-1846", "Sikh Wars, 1845-1849"]}, "label": "Sikh War, 1845-1846", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sikh War, 1845-1846\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1846"}, "label": "1846"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f6cd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1730"}, "label": "1730"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f6cd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian VI, 1730-1746"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092668.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1746"}, "label": "1746"}, "label": "Christian VI, 1730-1746", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Christian VI, 1730-1746\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3wqdg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wqdg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of northern and southern courts, 1336-1392"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069465.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1392"}, "label": "1392"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1336"}, "label": "1336"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Period of northern and southern courts, 1336-1392", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Period of northern and southern courts, 1336-1392\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.67 of LCSH 1987, and p.54 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39fmd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1664"}, "label": "1664"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39fmd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Croatia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001001032.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zrinski-Frankopan Conspiracy, 1664-1671"]}, "label": "Zrinski-Frankopan Conspiracy, 1664-1671", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Zrinski-Frankopan Conspiracy, Croatia, 1664-1671\". Added to LCSH in 2003, revised in 2007.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1671"}, "label": "1671"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3v9ph": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v9ph", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1996-2006", "Maoist Insurgency, 1996-2006", "People's War, 1996-2006", "Nepal Civil War", "Nepalese People's War"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006001083.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2006"}, "label": "2006"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1996"}, "label": "1996"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}], "label": "Civil War, 1996-2006", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Nepal--History--Civil War, 1996-2006\". Added to LCSH in 2006, revised in 2008.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nepal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gbbc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gbbc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1940-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006000833.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1940-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Naples (Italy)--History--Bombardment, 1940-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2006, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Naples (Italy)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2634", "label": "Naples"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b3zz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b3zz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1863-1864"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85077627.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1864"}, "label": "1864"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1863"}, "label": "1863"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}], "label": "Revolution, 1863-1864", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lithuania--History--Revolution, 1863-1864\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1993.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lithuania", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t3nf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1116"}, "label": "1116"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t3nf", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98006080.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["István II, 1116-1131"]}, "label": "István II, 1116-1131", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--István II, 1116-1131\". Added LCSH in 1998, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1131"}, "label": "1131"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38pfh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1937"}, "label": "1937"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38pfh", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan, China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85122898.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945", "Eight Years' War of Resistance, 1937-1945", "Chinese-Japanese War, 1937-1945", "Second Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945", "War of Resistance, 1937-1945"]}, "label": "Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2006. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tbfg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "1835"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tbfg", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pará (Brazil)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89000945.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cabanagem, 1835-1840"]}, "label": "Cabanagem, 1835-1840", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pará (Brazil : State)--History--Cabanagem, 1835-1840\". Added to LCSH in 1989, revised in 1996.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1840"}, "label": "1840"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35q7b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85085001.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Ages", "Dark Ages", "Medieval period"]}, "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Middle Ages\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in 2007. The heading does not itself express an explicit date, but the notes indicate that it is meant to be associated with earlier subdivisions that uniformly specify a date-range of \"600-1500\".", "id": "p06c6g35q7b", "label": "Middle Ages", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, World", "note": "Date range implied in editorial note: \"subdivision [History--To 1500] under topical headings; also subdivision [History of doctrines--Middle Ages, 600-1500] under religious topics; and headings qualified by the word [Medieval,] e.g. [Science, Medieval]\".", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}]}, "p06c6g3xmgh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xmgh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fyodor I, 1584-1598"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2003003040.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1598"}, "label": "1598"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1584"}, "label": "1584"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Fyodor I, 1584-1598", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Fyodor I, 1584-1598\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ddqp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1416"}, "label": "1416"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ddqp", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006390.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso V, 1416-1458"]}, "label": "Alfonso V, 1416-1458", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Alfonso V, 1416-1458\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1458"}, "label": "1458"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f499": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1807"}, "label": "1807"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f499", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of 1807-1814"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092671.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "label": "War of 1807-1814", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--War of 1807-1814\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3tjwv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tjwv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sebastião, 1557-1578", "Sebastian, 1557-1578"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105268.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1578"}, "label": "1578"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1557"}, "label": "1557"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Sebastião, 1557-1578", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Sebastião, 1557-1578\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Sebastian, 1557-1578\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kxqp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kxqp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 2011-", "Demonstrations, 2011-", "Protests, 2011-", "Rebellion, 2011-", "Revolt, 2011-", "Revolution, 2011-", "Unrest, 2011-", "Uprising, 2011-", "Syrian Civil War, Syria, 2011-", "Syrian Demonstrations, Syria, 2011-", "Syrian Protests, Syria, 2011-", "Syrian Rebellion, Syria, 2011-", "Syrian Revolt, Syria, 2011-", "Syrian Revolution, Syria, 2011-", "Syrian Unrest, Syria, 2011-", "Syrian Uprising, Syria, 2011-"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2012001320.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "2011"}, "label": "2011"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Civil War, 2011-", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Syria--History--Civil War, 2011-\". End date set as the publication date of the Library of Congress Linked Data service, although this suggests the closure of an ongoing period. Added to LCSH in 2012, revised in 2014.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Syria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xkhj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xkhj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qianlong, 1736-1795", "Ch'ien lung, 1736-1795"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024083.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1795"}, "label": "1795"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1736"}, "label": "1736"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Qianlong, 1736-1795", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Qianlong, 1736-1795\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Ch'ien lung, 1736-1795\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2002. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cm86": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cm86", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tatar Conquest, 1643-1644"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024075.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1644"}, "label": "1644"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1643"}, "label": "1643"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Tatar Conquest, 1643-1644", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Tartar Conquest, 1643-1644\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2014. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36hnj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36hnj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mustafa III, 1757-1773"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138818.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1773"}, "label": "1773"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1757"}, "label": "1757"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Mustafa III, 1757-1773", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Mustafa III, 1757-1773\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tz4g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tz4g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Greece, Medieval"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057093.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1453"}, "label": "1453"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0323"}, "label": "323"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Medieval Greece", "editorialNote": "Extracted from variant term \"Medieval Greece\" associated with heading \"Greece--History--323-1453\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pbxq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pbxq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British occupation, 1882-1936"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041304.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1936"}, "label": "1936"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1882"}, "label": "1882"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "British occupation, 1882-1936", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--British occupation, 1882-1936\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.30 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nrxm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nrxm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Republic, 1889-1930", "Old Republic", "First Republic"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85016565.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1930"}, "label": "1930"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1889"}, "label": "1889"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "First Republic, 1889-1930", "editorialNote": "Extracted from first variant to heading \"Brazil--History--1889-1930\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pbr8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1896"}, "label": "1896"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pbr8", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Zimbabwe", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93007640.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shona Revolt, 1896-1897"]}, "label": "Shona Revolt, 1896-1897", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Zimbabwe--History--Shona Revolt, 1896-1897\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1897"}, "label": "1897"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35vf5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1237"}, "label": "1237"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35vf5", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kievan Rus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91003311.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mongol Invasion, 1237-1241", "Batu Khan's Invasion, 1237-1241", "Tatar Invasion, 1237-1241"]}, "label": "Mongol Invasion, 1237-1241", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kievan Rus--History--Mongol Invasion, 1237-1241\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1241"}, "label": "1241"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qwzd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qwzd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bourbons, 1700-"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126083.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "2015"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Bourbons, 1700-", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Bourbons, 1700-\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mdjj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mdjj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091452.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New York (State)--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.83 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New York", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1384", "label": "New York"}]}, "p06c6g3n8z9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n8z9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick IX, 1947-1972"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036808.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1972"}, "label": "1972"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1947"}, "label": "1947"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Frederick IX, 1947-1972", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Frederick IX, 1947-1972\".  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.28 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n5gc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1629"}, "label": "1629"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n5gc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006005425.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Personal Rule, 1629-1640", "Eleven Years Tyranny, 1629-1640", "King's Peace, 1629-1640"]}, "label": "Personal Rule, 1629-1640", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Personal Rule, 1629-1640\". Added to LCSH in 2006, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1640"}, "label": "1640"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jxjz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jxjz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Norman period, 1066-1154"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056738.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1154"}, "label": "1154"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Norman period, 1066-1154", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Norman period, 1066-1154\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mxxp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mxxp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constans II, 641-668"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018491.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0668"}, "label": "668"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0641"}, "label": "641"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Constans II, 641-668", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Constans II, 641-668\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fgrq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fgrq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion of Stepan Razin, 1667-1671", "Rebellion of Stenka Razin, 1667-1671"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125779.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1671"}, "label": "1671"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1667"}, "label": "1667"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Rebellion of Stepan Razin, 1667-1671", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Rebellion of Stepan Razin, 1667-1671. Added to LCSH in 2003. Alternate label \"Rebellion of Stenka Razin, 1667-1671\" appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3778f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3778f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manuel II Palaeologus, 1391-1425"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018513.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1425"}, "label": "1425"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1391"}, "label": "1391"}, "label": "Manuel II Palaeologus, 1391-1425", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Manuel II Palaeologus, 1391-1425\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3bdfv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bdfv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John IV, 1640-1656"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105273.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1656"}, "label": "1656"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1640"}, "label": "1640"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "John IV, 1640-1656", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--John IV, 1640-1656\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qpcs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0866"}, "label": "866"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qpcs", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Leon", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95006900.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso III, 866-910"]}, "label": "Alfonso III, 866-910", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Leon (Kingdom)--History--Alfonso III, 866-910\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0910"}, "label": "910"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cjhq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cjhq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nicholas I, 1825-1855"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125799.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1855"}, "label": "1855"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1825"}, "label": "1825"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Nicholas I, 1825-1855", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Nicholas I, 1825-1855\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3grd3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3grd3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1905-1907"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh94003258.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}], "label": "Revolution, 1905-1907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kazakhstan--History--Revolution, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH in 1994, revised in 1997.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kazakhstan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xqwt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xqwt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Intermediate Period, ca. 1783-ca. 1550 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010013155.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "ca. 1550 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1782"}, "label": "ca. 1783 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Second Intermediate Period, ca. 1783-ca. 1550 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Second Intermediate Period, ca. 1783-ca. 1550 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gfwv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gfwv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John I, 1385-1433"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105258.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1433"}, "label": "1433"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1385"}, "label": "1385"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "John I, 1385-1433", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--John I, 1385-1433\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1988. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vrhd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vrhd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Carlos I, 1889-1908", "Charles I, 1889-1908"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105288.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1908"}, "label": "1908"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1889"}, "label": "1889"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Carlos I, 1889-1908", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Carlos I, 1889-1908\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Charles I, 1889-1908\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3njjs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1798"}, "label": "1798"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3njjs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1798-1799", "Roman Republic, 1798-1799"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002006921.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1799"}, "label": "1799"}, "label": "Revolution, 1798-1799", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome (Italy)--History--Revolution, 1798-1799\". Added to LCSH in 2002.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome (Italy)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}]}, "p06c6g35x7v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1978"}, "label": "1978"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35x7v", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Angola", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005118.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["South African Incursions, 1978-1990"]}, "label": "South African Incursions, 1978-1990", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Angola--History--South African Incursions, 1978-1990\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2006. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1990"}, "label": "1990"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b7gv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1588"}, "label": "1588"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b7gv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian IV, 1588-1648"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092662.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "label": "Christian IV, 1588-1648", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Christian IV, 1588-1648\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g379mw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g379mw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leopold III, 1934-1951"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2003004362.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1951"}, "label": "1951"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1934"}, "label": "1934"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Leopold III, 1934-1951", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--Leopold III, 1934-1951\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kw79": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kw79", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["George VI, 1936-1952"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056829.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1952"}, "label": "1952"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1936"}, "label": "1936"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "George VI, 1936-1952", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--George VI, 1936-1952\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.50 of LCSH 1987, and p.40 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s99s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1520"}, "label": "1520"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s99s", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020690.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uprising, 1520-1521", "Communero Rebellion, 1520-1521"]}, "label": "Uprising, 1520-1521", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Uprising, 1520-1521\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "1521"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37ts9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37ts9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1944-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003762.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1944-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Tokyo (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1944-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tokyo (Japan)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1490", "label": "Tokyo"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38674": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38674", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Foreign intervention, 1857-1861"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024094.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1857"}, "label": "1857"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Foreign intervention, 1857-1861", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Foreign intervention, 1857-1861\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2014. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gz3x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1670"}, "label": "1670"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gz3x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian V, 1670-1699"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86005055.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1699"}, "label": "1699"}, "label": "Christian V, 1670-1699", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Christian V, 1670-1699\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g35bqm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35bqm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1940-1941"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003749.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1940-1941", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"London (England)--History--Bombardment, 1940-1941\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "London (England)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q84", "label": "London"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dktv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dktv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John V Palaeologus, 1341-1391"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018512.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1391"}, "label": "1391"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1341"}, "label": "1341"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "John V Palaeologus, 1341-1391", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--John V Palaeologus, 1341-1391\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hh6p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hh6p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Carlist War, 1833-1840"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126093.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1840"}, "label": "1840"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1833"}, "label": "1833"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Carlist War, 1833-1840", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Carlist War, 1833-1840\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hk5w": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hk5w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jiaqing, 1796-1820", "Chia ch'ing 1796-1820"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024086.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1820"}, "label": "1820"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Jiaqing, 1796-1820", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Jiaqing, 1796-1820\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Chia ch'ing 1796-1820\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and p.16 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3km77": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1063"}, "label": "1063"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3km77", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006382.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sancho Ramírez, 1063-1094"]}, "label": "Sancho Ramírez, 1063-1094", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Sancho Ramírez, 1063-1094\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1094"}, "label": "1094"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fjh6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fjh6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85094280.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ohio--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.87 of LCSH 1987, and p.85 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ohio", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1397", "label": "Ohio"}]}, "p06c6g3h2vx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1177"}, "label": "1177"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h2vx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sverre, 1177-1202"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092654.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1202"}, "label": "1202"}, "label": "Sverre, 1177-1202", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Sverre, 1177-1202\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3qx5t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1766"}, "label": "1766"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qx5t", "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Carolina", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092487.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Regulator Insurrection, 1766-1771"]}, "label": "Regulator Insurrection, 1766-1771", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1454", "label": "North Carolina"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"North Carolina--History--Regulator Insurrection, 1766-1771\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1987.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1771"}, "label": "1771"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3z3gt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0649"}, "label": "650 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z3gt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87001913.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Demotic, ca. 650 B.C.-450 A.D"]}, "label": "Demotic, ca. 650 B.C.-450 A.D", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egyptian language--Demotic, ca. 650 B.C.-450 A.D\". Added to LCSH in 1987, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "450 A.D"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g365zm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g365zm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Occupation, 1939-1945", "German occupation, 1939-1945", "Soviet occupation, 1939-1941"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104100.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Occupation, 1939-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Occupation, 1939-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.94 of LCSH 1987, and p.79 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3598h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1268"}, "label": "1268"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3598h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anjou dynasty, 1268-1442"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85089736.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1442"}, "label": "1442"}, "label": "Anjou dynasty, 1268-1442", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Naples (Kingdom)--History--Anjou dynasty, 1268-1442\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Naples (Kingdom)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2634", "label": "Naples"}]}, "p06c6g3rpqz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rpqz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lusignan dynasty, 1192-1474"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004006877.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1474"}, "label": "1474"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1192"}, "label": "1192"}, "label": "Lusignan dynasty, 1192-1474", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cyprus--History--Lusignan dynasty, 1192-1474\". Added to LCSH in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g356tg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g356tg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James III, 1460-1488"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96003324.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1488"}, "label": "1488"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1460"}, "label": "1460"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "James III, 1460-1488", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--James III, 1460-1488\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34s8w": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34s8w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tengyō Revolt, 938-940", "Tenkei Revolt, 938-940", "Taira Masakado Revolt, 938-940", "Masakado's Revolt, 938-940"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069446.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0940"}, "label": "940"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0938"}, "label": "938"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Tengyō Revolt, 938-940", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Tengyō Revolt, 938-940\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h9nz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h9nz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1991-2002"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00004248.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2002"}, "label": "2002"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1991"}, "label": "1991"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1044", "label": "Sierra Leone"}], "label": "Civil War, 1991-2002", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sierra Leone--History--Civil War, 1991-2002\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sierra Leone", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39ptz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39ptz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["World War, 1914-1918", "First World War", "Great War", "World War 1", "World War I", "World War One", "WWI", "WW I", "European War, 1914-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148236.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "label": "World War, 1914-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"World War, 1914-1918\". Added to LCSH in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}]}, "p06c6g39zm9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39zm9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1789-1790"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012977.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1790"}, "label": "1790"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Revolution, 1789-1790", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--Revolution, 1789-1790\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xzxx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xzxx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otto I, 936-973"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061586.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0973"}, "label": "973"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0936"}, "label": "936"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Otto I, 936-973", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Otto I, 936-973\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g364pz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0042"}, "label": "43 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g364pz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 43-31 B.C", "Wars of the Second Triumvirate, 43-31 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115124.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "31 B.C."}, "label": "Civil War, 43-31 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Civil War, 43-31 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}]}, "p06c6g3vcnq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vcnq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100725.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Philadelphia (Pa.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.91 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Philadelphia (Pa.)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1345", "label": "Philadelphia"}]}, "p06c6g38gk5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38gk5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85143770.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.129 of LCSH 1987, and p.127 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Virginia", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1370", "label": "Virginia"}]}, "p06c6g32f5z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1347"}, "label": "1347"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32f5z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Genoese Domination, 1347-1768"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85033074.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1768"}, "label": "1768"}, "label": "Genoese Domination, 1347-1768", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Corsica--History--Genoese Domination, 1347-1768\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.24 of LCSH 1987, and on p.18 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Corsica", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q14112", "label": "Corsica"}]}, "p06c6g3z962": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z962", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Indochinese War, 1946-1954", "Indochina War, 1946-1954"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85065723.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1954"}, "label": "1954"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1946"}, "label": "1946"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q819", "label": "Laos"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q424", "label": "Cambodia"}], "label": "Indochinese War, 1946-1954", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indochinese War, 1946-1954\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2011.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indochina, Vietnam", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g393hw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g393hw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine I, 1913-1917"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057101.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1913"}, "label": "1913"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Constantine I, 1913-1917", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Constantine I, 1913-1917\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975 under \"Greece, Modern\".", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dgz9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dgz9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian X, 1912-1947"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036804.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1947"}, "label": "1947"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Christian X, 1912-1947", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Christian X, 1912-1947\".  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.28 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jzkj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jzkj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Occupation, 1941-1944", "Axis occupation, Greece, 1941-1944", "Bulgarian occupation, Greece, 1941-1944", "German occupation, Greece, 1941-1944", "Italian occupation, Greece, 1941-1943"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057103.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Occupation, 1941-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Occupation, 1941-1944\". Added in to LCSH in 2004; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975 under \"Greece, Modern\".", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g353": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g353", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso XII, 1465-1468"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020688.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1468"}, "label": "1468"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1465"}, "label": "1465"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "label": "Alfonso XII, 1465-1468", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Alfonso XII, 1465-1468\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39mqk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39mqk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009709.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1848-1849"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1848-1849", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Revolution, 1848-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32bnc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32bnc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis IX, 1226-1270"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051275.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1270"}, "label": "1270"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1226"}, "label": "1226"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis IX, 1226-1270", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis IX, 1226-1270\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zh4z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zh4z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo-Dutch War, 1780-1784", "Anglo Dutch War, 1780-1784"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005062.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1784"}, "label": "1784"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1780"}, "label": "1780"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Anglo-Dutch War, 1780-1784", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Anglo-Dutch War, 1780-1784\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1989.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands, Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zzsz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zzsz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leopold I, 1657-1705"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009698.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1705"}, "label": "1705"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1657"}, "label": "1657"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Leopold I, 1657-1705", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Leopold I, 1657-1705\". Appears on pg.6 of LCSH 1975, and appears on pg.7 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34fxx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34fxx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1924-1925", "Paulista Revolution"], "pt": ["Revolução Paulista"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85016571.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1925"}, "label": "1925"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1924"}, "label": "1924"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "Revolution, 1924-1925", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Brazil--History--Revolution, 1924-1925\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33xxc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33xxc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William II, 1888-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054583.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1888"}, "label": "1888"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "William II, 1888-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--William II, 1888-1918\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.44 of LCSH 1987, and p.35 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32rh9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32rh9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Allied intervention, 1918-1920"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125813.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1920"}, "label": "1920"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia (country)"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q813", "label": "Kyrgyzstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q211", "label": "Latvia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}], "label": "Allied intervention, 1918-1920", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Soviet Union--History--Allied intervention, 1918-1920\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.108 of LCSH 1987, and on p.87 of LCSH 1975 (source uses term \"Russia\"). ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Soviet Union", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3866s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1662"}, "label": "1662"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3866s", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024080.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kangxi, 1662-1722", "Kʻang hsi, 1662-1722"]}, "label": "Kangxi, 1662-1722", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Kangxi, 1662-1722\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in same year. Alternate identifier selected from \"Earlier Established Forms\" due to its use of the older Wade-Giles method of transliteration.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1722"}, "label": "1722"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39znk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39znk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Upper Silesia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85122483.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Partition, 1919-1922", "Uprisings, 1919-1921"]}, "label": "Partition, 1919-1922", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Silesia, Upper (Poland and Czech Republic)--History--Partition, 1919-1922\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2007. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1922"}, "label": "1922"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3grhx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3grhx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Southern Tang kingdom, 937-975", "Southern T'ang kingdom, 937-975"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86004044.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0975"}, "label": "975"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0937"}, "label": "937"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Southern Tang kingdom, 937-975", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Southern Tang kingdom, 937-975\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Southern T'ang kingdom, 937-975\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qgpw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1802"}, "label": "1802"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qgpw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97004966.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Victor Emmanuel I, 1802-1821"]}, "label": "Victor Emmanuel I, 1802-1821", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sardinia (Italy)--History--Victor Emmanuel I, 1802-1821\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1821"}, "label": "1821"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kq6p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kq6p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1940-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036805.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "German occupation, 1940-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--German occupation, 1940-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.28 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39bkb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39bkb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry IV, 1056-1106"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054536.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1106"}, "label": "1106"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1056"}, "label": "1056"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Henry IV, 1056-1106", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Henry IV, 1056-1106\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32ndm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32ndm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084701.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Michigan--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.78 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Michigan", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1166", "label": "Michigan"}]}, "p06c6g32pmn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "193"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32pmn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Severans, 193-235"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115147.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235"}, "label": "Severans, 193-235", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Severans, 193-235\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3wdzv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wdzv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maximinus, 235-238"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115152.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0238"}, "label": "238"}, "label": "Maximinus, 235-238", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Maximinus, 235-238\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3zx5d": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zx5d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1936-1939", "Spanish Civil War"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126106.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1936"}, "label": "1936"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Civil War, 1936-1939", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Civil War, 1936-1939\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in 2007.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dnkb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "ca. 1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dnkb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85113725.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "label": "Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rhode Island--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.97 of LCSH 1987, and p.95 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rhode Island", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1387", "label": "Rhode Island"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3txbz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3txbz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles VI, 1711-1740"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009700.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1740"}, "label": "1740"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1711"}, "label": "1711"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Charles VI, 1711-1740", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Charles VI, 1711-1740\". Appears on p.6 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.7 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t992": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1994"}, "label": "1994"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t992", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chiapas (Mexico)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh94005637.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peasant Uprising, 1994-", "Zapatista Rebellion, 1994-"]}, "label": "Peasant Uprising, 1994-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Chiapas (Mexico)--History--Peasant Uprising, 1994-\". Added to LCSH in 1994, revised in 1998. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vc5k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vc5k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85028672.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Colorado--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.23 of LCSH 1987, and p.20 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colorado", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1261", "label": "Colorado"}]}, "p06c6g347xd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1103"}, "label": "1103"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g347xd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sigurd Jorsalafari, 1103-1130"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092653.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1130"}, "label": "1130"}, "label": "Sigurd Jorsalafari, 1103-1130", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Sigurd Jorsalafari, 1103-1130\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3h23f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1798"}, "label": "1798"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h23f", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140190.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War with France, 1798-1800"]}, "label": "War with France, 1798-1800", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--1797-1801\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3d6fr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3d6fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140137.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}, "label": "1754, 1755"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 122 of LCSH 1986 and p.103 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2012. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35fgb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35fgb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis XIII, 1610-1643"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051303.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1643"}, "label": "1643"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1610"}, "label": "1610"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis XIII, 1610-1643", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis XIII, 1610-1643\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g325vt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g325vt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007206.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Arkansas--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.5 of LCSH 1987, and p.4 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Arkansas", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1612", "label": "Arkansas"}]}, "p06c6g3vpkg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vpkg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars of 1918-1921"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104095.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Wars of 1918-1921", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Wars of 1918-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.94 of LCSH 1987, and p.79 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32br8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32br8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1940-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005003715.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Bombardment, 1940-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Bombardment, 1940-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32bv5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32bv5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles VI, 1711-1740"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054567.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1740"}, "label": "1740"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1711"}, "label": "1711"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Charles VI, 1711-1740", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Charles VI, 1711-1740\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.44 of LCSH 1987, and p.35 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32g4x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32g4x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85122208.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Siberia (Russia)--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.103 of LCSH 1987, and p.90 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Siberia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wkg2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1308"}, "label": "1308"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wkg2", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91000927.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles Robert, 1308-1342"]}, "label": "Charles Robert, 1308-1342", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Charles Robert, 1308-1342\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1342"}, "label": "1342"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hvzs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hvzs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Valentinian I, 364-375"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002005581.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0375"}, "label": "375"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0364"}, "label": "364"}, "label": "Valentinian I, 364-375", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Valentinian I, 364-375\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in same year. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3vc2p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vc2p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138802.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1288"}, "label": "1288"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36hjn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36hjn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Michael, 1613-1645"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125776.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1645"}, "label": "1645"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1613"}, "label": "1613"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Michael, 1613-1645", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Michael, 1613-1645\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36wh7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36wh7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Italian Risorgimento"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068960.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1870"}, "label": "1870"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Italian Risorgimento", "editorialNote": "Extracted from first variant for heading \"Italy--History--1815-1870\". Added to LCHS in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rwvq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rwvq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Portuguese rule, 1469-1637"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054762.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1637"}, "label": "1637"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1469"}, "label": "1469"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q117", "label": "Ghana"}], "label": "Portuguese rule, 1469-1637", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ghana--History--Portuguese rule, 1469-1637\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.46 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ghana", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dfd9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dfd9", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Gaza, West Bank", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00001754.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Al-Aqsa Intifada, 2000-", "Aqsa Intifada, 2000-", "Intifada, 2000-", "Intifada II, 2000-", "New Intifada, 2000-", "New Palestinian Uprising, 2000-", "Palestinian Uprising, 2000-", "Second Intifada, 2000-", "Second Palestinian Uprising, 2000-", "Second Uprising, 2000-"]}, "label": "Al-Aqsa Intifada, 2000-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza Strip"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36678", "label": "West Bank"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Al-Aqsa Intifada, 2000-\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34hw6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0037"}, "label": "37"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34hw6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Caligula, 37-41"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115130.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0041"}, "label": "41"}, "label": "Caligula, 37-41", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Caligula, 37-41\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3bt2q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bt2q", "localizedLabels": {"ja-Latn": ["Ansei no taigoku, 1858-1860"], "en": ["Ansei Purge, 1858-1860"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069486.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1858"}, "label": "1858"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Ansei Purge, 1858-1860", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Ansei Purge, 1858-1860\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.67 of LCSH 1987, and p.54 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g339cx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g339cx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Abdul Mejid, 1839-1861"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138824.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Abdul Mejid, 1839-1861", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Abdul Mejid, 1839-1861\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xt6p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xt6p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081760.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Maryland--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.75 of LCSH 1987, and p.73 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Maryland", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1391", "label": "Maryland"}]}, "p06c6g3f65m": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f65m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arcadius, 395-408"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018485.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0408"}, "label": "408"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "395"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Arcadius, 395-408", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Arcadius, 395-408\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t73q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t73q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2015000735.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Terni (Italy)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2015.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Terni (Italy)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8621", "label": "Terni"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s28p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s28p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick VII, 1848-1863"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036800.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1863"}, "label": "1863"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Frederick VII, 1848-1863", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Frederick VII, 1848-1863\".  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.28 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39rmq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39rmq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles IX, 1560-1574"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051297.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1574"}, "label": "1574"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1560"}, "label": "1560"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Charles IX, 1560-1574", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Charles IX, 1560-1574\".Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k4zs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k4zs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Basil II Bulgaroctonus, 976-1025"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002005590.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1025"}, "label": "1025"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0976"}, "label": "976"}, "label": "Basil II Bulgaroctonus, 976-1025", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Basil II Bulgaroctonus, 976-1025\". Added to LCSH in 2002.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3q8f9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1723"}, "label": "1723"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q8f9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yongzheng, 1723-1735", "Yung chen, 1723-1735"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024082.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1735"}, "label": "1735"}, "label": "Yongzheng, 1723-1735", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Yongzheng, 1723-1735\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Yung chen, 1723-1735\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}]}, "p06c6g3t698": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t698", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Reich, 1933-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054594.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1933"}, "label": "1933"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Third Reich, 1933-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--1933-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. Variant used as primary label because it identifies the period by name as well as date range.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dcrq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1231"}, "label": "1231"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dcrq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mongolian Invasions, 1231-1270"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85073029.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1270"}, "label": "1270"}, "label": "Mongolian Invasions, 1231-1270", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korea--History--Mongolian Invasions, 1231-1270\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.70 of LCSH 1987, and p.56 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Korea", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p06c6g3f9z7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f9z7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Robert I, 1306-1329"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118835.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1329"}, "label": "1329"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1306"}, "label": "1306"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "Robert I, 1306-1329", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Robert I, 1306-1329\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mqrn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mqrn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85113730.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rhode Island--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.97 of LCSH 1987, and p.95 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rhode Island", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1387", "label": "Rhode Island"}]}, "p06c6g3q9nb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1867"}, "label": "1867"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q9nb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Malaya", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001005874.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British rule, 1867-1942"]}, "label": "British rule, 1867-1942", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q833", "label": "Malaysia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Malaya--History--British rule, 1867-1942\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2003.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3swgp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3swgp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles VIII, 1483-1498"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051290.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1498"}, "label": "1498"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1483"}, "label": "1483"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Charles VIII, 1483-1498", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Charles VIII, 1483-1498\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nshb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nshb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkic Mongol domination, 1045-1522"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007271.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1522"}, "label": "1522"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1045"}, "label": "1045"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}], "label": "Turkic Mongol domination, 1045-1522", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Armenia--History--Turkic Mongol domination, 1045-1522\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.5 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Armenia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33cb6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33cb6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anna, 1730-1740"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125789.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1740"}, "label": "1740"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1730"}, "label": "1730"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Anna, 1730-1740", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Anna, 1730-1740\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Anne, 1730-1740\" appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k74g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k74g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1910-1920"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084590.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1920"}, "label": "1920"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1910"}, "label": "1910"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "label": "Revolution, 1910-1920", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mexico--History--Revolution, 1910-1920\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.77 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bzcf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bzcf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Francis II, 1559-1560"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051295.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1560"}, "label": "1560"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1559"}, "label": "1559"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Francis II, 1559-1560", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Francis II, 1559-1560\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36db4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36db4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution of 1848-1849"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115203.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "label": "Revolution of 1848-1849", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Revolution of 1848-1849\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 85 of LCSH 1975 under Rome (City).", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}]}, "p06c6g3s353": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s353", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William IV, 1830-1837"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056822.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "William IV, 1830-1837", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--William IV, 1830-1837\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zc9f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zc9f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hashemite Kingdom, 1921-1958"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85067947.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1958"}, "label": "1958"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Hashemite Kingdom, 1921-1958", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iraq--History--Hashemite Kingdom, 1921-1958\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.60 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1997. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iraq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dmrj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dmrj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of 1807-1814"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036796.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1807"}, "label": "1807"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "War of 1807-1814", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--War of 1807-1814\".  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bt9s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bt9s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Austrian rule, 1814-1866", "Austrian rule, Venice, Italy"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1243", "label": "Veneto"}], "label": "Austrian rule, 1814-1866", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Venice (Italy)--History--Austrian rule, 1814-1866\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.107 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2011. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Venice (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142730.html", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bzgb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1430"}, "label": "1430"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bzgb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Epirus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85044436.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkish rule, 1430-1913"]}, "label": "Turkish rule, 1430-1913", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Epirus (Greece and Albania)--History--Turkish rule, 1430-1913\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1913"}, "label": "1913"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bh9g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bh9g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Soviet occupation, 1940-1941", "Russian occupation, 1940-1941"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85075006.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q211", "label": "Latvia"}], "label": "Soviet occupation, 1940-1941", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Latvia--History--Soviet occupation, 1940-1941\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latvia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g382rh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g382rh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chremonidean War, 267-262 B.C", "Chremonidean War"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057091", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0261"}, "label": "262 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0266"}, "label": "267 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Chremonidean War, 267-262 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Chremonidean War, 267-262 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mhr4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1343"}, "label": "1343"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mhr4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jane I, 1343-1382"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85089737.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1382"}, "label": "1382"}, "label": "Jane I, 1343-1382", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Naples (Kingdom)--History--Jane I, 1343-1382\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987, and p.65 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Naples (Kingdom)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2634", "label": "Naples"}]}, "p06c6g3sdvb": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0300", "earliestYear": "0201"}, "label": "3rd century"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sdvb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Germanic Invasions, 3rd-6th centuries", "Barbarian invasions of Rome", "Germanic Invasions of Rome, 3rd-6th centuries"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115148.html", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0600", "earliestYear": "0501"}, "label": "6th century"}, "label": "Germanic Invasions, 3rd-6th centuries", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Germanic Invasions, 3rd-6th centuries\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3b6cq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1702"}, "label": "1702"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b6cq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081928.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "1713"}, "label": "Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Massachusetts--History--Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.90 of LCSH 1987, and p.88 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Massachusetts", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}]}, "p06c6g3q288": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q288", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick VI, 1808-1839"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036797.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Frederick VI, 1808-1839", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Frederick VI, 1808-1839\".  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.28 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b8c8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b8c8", "localizedLabels": {"ja-Latn": ["Iwai no Ran"], "en": ["Iwai Rebellion, 527-528"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87003513.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0528"}, "label": "528"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0527"}, "label": "527"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Iwai Rebellion, 527-528", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Iwai Rebellion, 527-528\". Added to LCSH in 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35cpk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35cpk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John III, 1567-1592"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131063.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1592"}, "label": "1592"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "John III, 1567-1592", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--John III, 1567-1592\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.113 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qj7k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qj7k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1914-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051416.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "German occupation, 1914-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--German occupation, 1914-1918\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.40 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38ns7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1654"}, "label": "1654"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38ns7", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2007010702.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Pfalz-Zweibrücken, 1654-1718", "Zweibrücken Dynasty, 1654-1718"]}, "label": "House of Pfalz-Zweibrücken, 1654-1718", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--House of Pfalz-Zweibrücken, 1654-1718\". Added to LCSH in 2007, revised in 2008.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1718"}, "label": "1718"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3698q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3698q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Joseph I, 1705-1711"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009699.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1711"}, "label": "1711"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1705"}, "label": "1705"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Joseph I, 1705-1711", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Joseph I, 1705-1711\". Appears on p. 6 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.7 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hg82": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hg82", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Berlin", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85013350.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Allied occupation, 1945-1990"]}, "label": "Allied occupation, 1945-1990", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64", "label": "Berlin"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Berlin (Germany)--History--1945-1990\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2007. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1990"}, "label": "1990"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qgz9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qgz9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Konbaung dynasty, 1752-1885"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87001513.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1885"}, "label": "1885"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1752"}, "label": "1752"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "label": "Konbaung dynasty, 1752-1885", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Burma--History--Konbaung dynasty, 1752-1885\". Added to LCSH in 1987; appears on p.13 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r7w4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r7w4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkish Wars, 15th Century"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85003186.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1499"}, "label": "1499"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "label": "Turkish Wars, 15th Century", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Albania--History--Turkish Wars\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.2 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xx4v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0361"}, "label": "361"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xx4v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Julian, 361-363"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115165.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0363"}, "label": "363"}, "label": "Julian, 361-363", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Julian, 361-363\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g38dff": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38dff", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Azerbaijan", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86006490.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Azerbaijan--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1996. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c82s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1057"}, "label": "1057"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c82s", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118809.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval Church period, 1057-1567"]}, "label": "Medieval Church period, 1057-1567", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--Church history--To 1500\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g377fw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g377fw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Raoul, 923-936"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051262.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0936"}, "label": "936"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0923"}, "label": "923"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Raoul, 923-936", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Raoul, 923-936\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fgww": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fgww", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Corinthian War, 395-386 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057086.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0385"}, "label": "386 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0394"}, "label": "395 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Corinthian War, 395-386 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Corinthian War, 395-386 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gms9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gms9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Robert I, 922-923"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051261.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0923"}, "label": "923"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0922"}, "label": "922"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Robert I, 922-923", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Robert I, 922-923\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xsmz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xsmz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1791-1804"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85058354.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1804"}, "label": "1804"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1791"}, "label": "1791"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}], "label": "Revolution, 1791-1804", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Haiti--History--Revolution, 1791-1804\". added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 54 of LCSH 1987, and p. 43 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Haiti", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rsfd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1936"}, "label": "1936"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rsfd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1936-1938"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005002519.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1938"}, "label": "1938"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1936-1938", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Majorca (Spain)--History--Bombardment, 1936-1938\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Majorca (Spain)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8828", "label": "Majorca"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jwc8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jwc8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Great War, 1843-1852"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85141494.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1852"}, "label": "1852"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1843"}, "label": "1843"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77", "label": "Uruguay"}], "label": "Great War, 1843-1852", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Uruguay--History--Great War, 1843-1852\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.106 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Uruguay", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ghqw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ghqw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Conrad II, 1024-1039"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061589.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1039"}, "label": "1039"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1024"}, "label": "1024"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Conrad II, 1024-1039", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Conrad II, 1024-1039\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry exists under \"Germany--History\", but with a separate URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q8s8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q8s8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Dynastic Period, ca. 3100-ca. 2686 B.C", "Archaic period, ca. 3100-ca. 2686 B.C", "Thinite period, ca. 3100-ca. 2686 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010007481.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2685"}, "label": "ca. 2686 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "ca. 3100 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Early Dynastic Period, ca. 3100-ca. 2686 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Early Dynastic Period, ca. 3100-ca. 2686 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dth2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dth2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Afghan War, 2001-", "Anti-terrorist operations, 2001-"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004004460.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "2001"}, "label": "2001"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}], "label": "Afghan War, 2001-", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Afghan War, 2001-\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2010. The war was ongoing as of 2017, when the PeriodO entry was made; we have used 2015, the date we assigned the Library of Congress Linked Data service collection, as a stand-in endpoint.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Afghanistan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jj7g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jj7g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Canudos Campaign, 1893-1897", "Canudos Campaign", "Canudos Rebellion", "Conselheiro Insurrection"], "pt": ["Guerra de Canudos", "Campanha de Canudos"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85016568.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1897"}, "label": "1897"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1893"}, "label": "1893"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "Canudos Campaign, 1893-1897", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Brazil--History--Canudos Campaign, 1893-1897\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fnmt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fnmt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Heraclius, 610-641"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018490.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0641"}, "label": "641"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0610"}, "label": "610"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Heraclius, 610-641", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Heraclius, 610-641\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kwhn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "395"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kwhn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Honorius, 395-423"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115168.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0423"}, "label": "423"}, "label": "Honorius, 395-423", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Honorius, 395-423\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g35xsm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35xsm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William I, 1066-1087", "Norman Conquest, 1066-1087"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056737.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1087"}, "label": "1087"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "William I, 1066-1087", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--William I, 1066-1087\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33d3c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33d3c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1922-1923"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097783.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1923"}, "label": "1923"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1922"}, "label": "1922"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q733", "label": "Paraguay"}], "label": "Revolution, 1922-1923", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Paraguay--History--Revolution, 1922-1923\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Paraguay", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tpf3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1831"}, "label": "1831"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tpf3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles Albert, 1831-1849"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85117550.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "label": "Charles Albert, 1831-1849", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sardinia--History--Charles Albert, 1831-1849\". Added to LCSH in 2003; appears on p.101 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}]}, "p06c6g39r39": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39r39", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Age of Tyrants, 7th-6th centuries B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057078.html", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0500", "earliestYear": "-0599"}, "label": "6th century B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0600", "earliestYear": "-0699"}, "label": "7th century B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Age of Tyrants, 7th-6th centuries B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Age of Tyrants, 7th-6th centuries B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pg85": {"id": "p06c6g3pg85", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002012464.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kamakura-Momoyama periods, 1185-1600\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in 2006.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kamakura-Momoyama periods, 1185-1600", "Kamakura-Momoyama periods"]}, "label": "Kamakura-Momoyama periods, 1185-1600", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "note": "\"Use as a chronological subdivision under headings for art forms qualified by the adjective Japanese.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x53v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x53v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of the Emboabas, 1707-1709", "War of the Emboabas", "Emboabas War"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85016557.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1709"}, "label": "1709"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1707"}, "label": "1707"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "War of the Emboabas, 1707-1709", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Brazil--History--War of the Emboabas, 1707-1709\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tg82": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1920"}, "label": "1920"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tg82", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90002109.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Non-cooperation movement, 1920-1922"]}, "label": "Non-cooperation movement, 1920-1922", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"India--History--Non-cooperation movement, 1920-1922\". Added to LCSH in 1990, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1922"}, "label": "1922"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3248j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3248j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Long March, 1934-1935"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024116.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1935"}, "label": "1935"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1934"}, "label": "1934"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Long March, 1934-1935", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Long March, 1934-1935\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35dsq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1886"}, "label": "1886"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35dsq", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001003507.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ba Đinh Uprising, 1886-1887"]}, "label": "Ba Đinh Uprising, 1886-1887", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Ba Đinh Uprising, 1886-1887\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2009.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1887"}, "label": "1887"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39b36": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39b36", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French Protectorate, 1912-1956", "Spanish Protectorate, 1912-1956"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00001729.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1956"}, "label": "1956"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}], "label": "French Protectorate, 1912-1956", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Morocco--History--1912-1956\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2000. The primary variant does not include a label for the period, so we have used the two variants that do include labels. Different parts of the country itself were under French and Spanish control at the same time, which explains the two apparently contradictory labels.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vbrc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vbrc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Acacian Schism, 484-519", "Greco-Roman Schism"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118131.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0519"}, "label": "519"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0484"}, "label": "484"}, "label": "Acacian Schism, 484-519", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Schism, Acacian, 484-519 \". Added to LCSH in 1986. Spatial coverage description given as \"Church\", coverage inferred from state of Church in this time period.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire, Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g38t56": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "284"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38t56", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Empire, 284-476"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115160.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476"}, "label": "Empire, 284-476", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Empire, 284-476\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3fm4f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1217"}, "label": "1217"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fm4f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Haakon Gamli, 1217-1263"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092655.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1263"}, "label": "1263"}, "label": "Haakon Gamli, 1217-1263", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Haakon Gamli, 1217-1263\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3hbfg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hbfg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otho I, 1832-1862"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057097.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1862"}, "label": "1862"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1832"}, "label": "1832"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Otho I, 1832-1862", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Otho I, 1832-1862\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975 under \"Greece, Modern\".", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wz6h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wz6h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boeotian War, 378-375 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh92000016.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0374"}, "label": "375 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0377"}, "label": "378 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Boeotian War, 378-375 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Boeotian War, 378-375 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38nn2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38nn2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander I, 1801-1825"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125797.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1825"}, "label": "1825"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Alexander I, 1801-1825", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Alexander I, 1801-1825\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tqzr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tqzr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Capetians, 987-1328"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051265.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1328"}, "label": "1328"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0987"}, "label": "987"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Capetians, 987-1328", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Capetians, 987-1328\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.28 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bb4p": {"id": "p06c6g3bb4p", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1847"}, "label": "1847"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091508", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q664", "label": "New Zealand"}], "editorialNote": "This LCSH record seems to have been reconciled by the Ngā Upoko Tukutuku / Māori Subject Headings service of the New Zealand National Library as Ngā Pakanga Whenua o Mua (https://natlib.govt.nz/nga-upoko-tukutuku/ng%C4%81-pakanga-whenua-o-mua), preferred to Ngā Pakanga o Aotearoa (https://natlib.govt.nz/nga-upoko-tukutuku/ng%C4%81-pakanga-o-aotearoa).", "start": {"in": {"year": "1843"}, "label": "1843"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New Zealand Wars, 1843-1847", "Colonial New Zealand Wars", "Land Wars", "Maori Wars", "Civil Wars"], "mi-Latn": ["Pakanga Nu Nui o Aotearoa", "Pakanga o Aotearoa"]}, "label": "New Zealand Wars, 1843-1847", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New Zealand", "note": "Extracted from heading \"New Zealand--History--New Zealand Wars, 1843-1847\". Added to LCSH in 2004. Sources cited: Belich, J. The New Zealand wars and the Victorian interpretation of racial conflict, 1986: p. 204 (three local outbreaks of conflict took place between 1843 and 1847) p. 212 (The period 1847-60 was one of peace between Māori and Pākehā); Oxford hist. of N.Z., 1981: p. 148 (The central role of land in the wars between Māori and Pāehā has often been remarked; sometimes they have been called the Land Wars); The New Zealand Wars web site, Sept. 19, 2003 (The New Zealand Wars were fought in New Zealand between 1843 and 1872) what's in a name (the Maori Wars; the Land Wars; Nga Pakanga Nu Nui o Aotearoa; Nga pakanga o Aotearoa; the Anglo-Maori Wars; the Colonial New Zealand Wars; new Zealand Civil Wars; the overwhelmingly favourite name used these days is undoubtedly the New Zealand Wars).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g369kd": {"id": "p06c6g369kd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "ca. 1000 A.D"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90002885.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from variant under heading \"Woodland culture\". Added to LCSH in 1990.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "ca. 1000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Woodland period, ca. 1000 B.C.-ca. 1000 A.D", "Woodland period"]}, "label": "Woodland period, ca. 1000 B.C.-ca. 1000 A.D", "spatialCoverageDescription": "eastern North America", "note": "\"Here are entered works on the prehistoric culture of eastern North America which extended to the eastern Great Plains and existed ca. 1000 B.C.-ca. 1000 A.D. prior to contact with European influences.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34zng": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34zng", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1944-1949", "Civil War, Greece, 1944-1949"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057104.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1949"}, "label": "1949"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Civil War, 1944-1949", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Civil War, 1944-1949\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f8n9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f8n9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85099526.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pennsylvania--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 90 of LCSH 1987, and p.88 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pennsylvania", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1400", "label": "Pennsylvania"}]}, "p06c6g38vsr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38vsr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Warlord period, 1916-1928"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024109.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1928"}, "label": "1928"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Warlord period, 1916-1928", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Warlord period, 1916-1928\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ghxp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ghxp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Elizabeth, 1558-1603"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056783.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1558"}, "label": "1558"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Elizabeth, 1558-1603", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Elizabeth, 1558-1603\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qkfm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qkfm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1810-1817"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007043.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1817"}, "label": "1817"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1810-1817", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Argentina--History--War of Independence, 1810-1817\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.5 of LCSH 1987. Alternate label, \"Argentine Republic, 1810-1817\" appears on p.3 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Argentina ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ks7h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ks7h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Northern Zhou dynasty, 557-581", "Northern Chou dynasty, 557-581"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024056.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0581"}, "label": "581"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0557"}, "label": "557"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Northern Zhou dynasty, 557-581", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Northern Zhou dynasty, 557-581\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Northern Chou dynasty, 557-581\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q38h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q38h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Germanic rule, 962-1268"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068945.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1268"}, "label": "1268"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0962"}, "label": "962"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Germanic rule, 962-1268", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italy--History--Germanic rule, 962-1268\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 63 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mxnb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mxnb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars of the Vendée, 1793-1832", "Vendean War, 1793-1800"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142608.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1832"}, "label": "1832"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1793"}, "label": "1793"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Wars of the Vendée, 1793-1832", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Wars of the Vendée, 1793-1832\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nxpt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nxpt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars of Independence, 1809-1830"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040906.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1809"}, "label": "1809"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q736", "label": "Ecuador"}], "label": "Wars of Independence, 1809-1830", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ecuador--History--Wars of Independence, 1809-1830\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.29 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ecuador", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n6kh": {"id": "p06c6g3n6kh", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0220"}, "label": "220 A.D"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001008864.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Qin-Han dynasties, 221 B.C.-220 A.D\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2006.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0220"}, "label": "221 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qin-Han dynasties, 221 B.C.-220 A.D", "Chʻin-Han dynasties"]}, "label": "Qin-Han dynasties, 221 B.C.-220 A.D", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "note": "Period used explicitly with respect to art: \"Use as a chronological subdivision under headings for art forms qualified by the adjective Chinese.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cbpn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cbpn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pedro V, 1853-1861", "Peter V, 1853-1861"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105287.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1853"}, "label": "1853"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Pedro V, 1853-1861", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Pedro V, 1853-1861\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3649q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3649q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Napoleonic Conquest, 1808-1813"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126089.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1813"}, "label": "1813"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Napoleonic Conquest, 1808-1813", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Napoleonic Conquest, 1808-1813\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35xgx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35xgx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Murad III, 1574-1595"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005020643.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1595"}, "label": "1595"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1574"}, "label": "1574"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Murad III, 1574-1595", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Murad III, 1574-1595\". Added to LCSH in 2005; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2005. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nvht": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nvht", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip IV, 1621-1665"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126080.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1665"}, "label": "1665"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1621"}, "label": "1621"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Philip IV, 1621-1665", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Philip IV, 1621-1665\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38jgr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38jgr", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tajikistan", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88005146.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Tajikistan--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mbcj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0826"}, "label": "826"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mbcj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arab rule, 826-961"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86005865.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0961"}, "label": "961"}, "label": "Arab rule, 826-961", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crete--History--Arab rule, 826-960\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.24 of LCSH 1987, and on p.19 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}]}, "p06c6g3s3vz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s3vz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85086195.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mississippi--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.78 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mississippi", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1494", "label": "Mississippi"}]}, "p06c6g3kmjv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kmjv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of military anarchy, 235-284"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115153.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "284"}, "label": "Period of military anarchy, 235-284", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Period of military anarchy, 235-284\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3p95x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p95x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John Casimir, 1583-1592"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85096973.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1592"}, "label": "1592"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1583"}, "label": "1583"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "John Casimir, 1583-1592", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Palatinate (Germany)--John Casimir, 1583-1592\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.88 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975. Source notes Palatinate is in modern Germany.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palatinate (Germany)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zxjn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zxjn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shang dynasty, 1766-1122 B.C."]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024034.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1121"}, "label": "1122 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1765"}, "label": "1766 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Shang dynasty, 1766-1122 B.C.", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Shang dynasty, 1766-1122 B.C.\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.19 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2014. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xm38": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xm38", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry I, 1100-1135"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056744.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1135"}, "label": "1135"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Henry I, 1100-1135", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Henry I, 1100-1135\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g377rk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g377rk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Stuarts, 1603-1649"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056787.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1649"}, "label": "1649"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Early Stuarts, 1603-1649", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Early Stuarts, 1603-1649\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37dnz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37dnz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["King George's War, 1744-1748"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140136.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1748"}, "label": "1748"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1744"}, "label": "1744"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "King George's War, 1744-1748", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--King George's War, 1744-1748\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 122 of LCSH 1986 and p.103 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2012. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35c28": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35c28", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Réunion", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91002596.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British occupation, 1810-1815"]}, "label": "British occupation, 1810-1815", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1027", "label": "Mauritius"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Réunion--History--British occupation, 1810-1815\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wngj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1962"}, "label": "1962"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wngj", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eritrea", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85044646.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1962-1993"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1962-1993", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986", "label": "Eritrea"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Eritrea--History--Revolution, 1962-1993\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1999. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1993"}, "label": "1993"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t7dd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t7dd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection of Tupac Amaru, 1780-1781"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100209.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1781"}, "label": "1781"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1780"}, "label": "1780"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q750", "label": "Bolivia"}], "label": "Insurrection of Tupac Amaru, 1780-1781", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Peru--History--Insurrection of Tupac Amaru, 1780-1781\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peru, Bolivia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37hdp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37hdp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian IV, 1588-1648"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036784.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1588"}, "label": "1588"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Christian IV, 1588-1648", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Christian IV, 1588-1648\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mx7r": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mx7r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95006390.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Empoli (Italy)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1944\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Empoli (Italy)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6697", "label": "Empoli"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g364np": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g364np", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Helvetic Republic, 1798-1803"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131323.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1803"}, "label": "1803"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1798"}, "label": "1798"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}], "label": "Helvetic Republic, 1798-1803", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Switzerland--History--Helvetic Republic, 1798-1803\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.114 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Switzerland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qr2n": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0161"}, "label": "161"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qr2n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Marcus Aurelius, 161-180"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115144.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0180"}, "label": "180"}, "label": "Marcus Aurelius, 161-180", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Marcus Aurelius, 161-180\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3gxxs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gxxs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Lê dynasty, 1428-1787"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85143255.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1787"}, "label": "1787"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1428"}, "label": "1428"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "label": "Later Lê dynasty, 1428-1787", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Later Lê dynasty, 1428-1787\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.107 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hv24": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hv24", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick V, 1746-1766"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036791.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1766"}, "label": "1766"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1746"}, "label": "1746"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Frederick V, 1746-1766", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Frederick V, 1746-1766\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c2wc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1798"}, "label": "1798"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c2wc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French occupation, 1798-1800"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85080206.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800"}, "label": "French occupation, 1798-1800", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Malta--History--French occupation, 1798-1800\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.75 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Malta", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}]}, "p06c6g33pqr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33pqr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Joseph, 1750-1777", "Joseph I"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105277.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1777"}, "label": "1777"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "1750"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Joseph, 1750-1777", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Joseph, 1750-1777\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b8jq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b8jq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis XII, 1498-1515"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051291.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1515"}, "label": "1515"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1498"}, "label": "1498"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis XII, 1498-1515", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis XII, 1498-1515\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zqrv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zqrv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lascarid dynasty, 1208-1259"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91005371.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1259"}, "label": "1259"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1208"}, "label": "1208"}, "label": "Lascarid dynasty, 1208-1259", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Lascarid dynasty, 1208-1259\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1994.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3p8k8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1572"}, "label": "1572"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p8k8", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104040.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1572-1573"]}, "label": "Interregnum, 1572-1573", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Interregnum, 1572-1573\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2003. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1573"}, "label": "1573"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h64r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h64r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christopher, 1550-1558"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148688.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1558"}, "label": "1558"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1550"}, "label": "1550"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Christopher, 1550-1558", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Württemberg (Germany)--History--Christopher, 1550-1558\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 131 of LCSH 1986 and p.109 of LCSH 1975.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Württemberg (Germany)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37wxz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1820"}, "label": "1820"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37wxz", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kingdom of the Two Sicilies", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85089745.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1820-1821"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1820-1821", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2634", "label": "Naples"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kingdom of the Two Sicilies--History--Revolution, 1820-1821\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2008.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1821"}, "label": "1821"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cp64": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1813"}, "label": "1813"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cp64", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars of Liberation, 1813-1814"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85145293.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "label": "Wars of Liberation, 1813-1814", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Wars of Liberation, 1813-1814\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p06c6g3k6mc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k6mc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maurya dynasty, ca. 322 B.C.-ca. 185 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064910.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0184"}, "label": "185 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0321"}, "label": "322 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "label": "Maurya dynasty, ca. 322 B.C.-ca. 185 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"India--History--Maurya dynasty, ca. 322 B.C.-ca. 185 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.58 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38g49": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38g49", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Empire, 1852-1870"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051409.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1870"}, "label": "1870"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1852"}, "label": "1852"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Second Empire, 1852-1870", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Second Empire, 1852-1870\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.40 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g399wq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1805"}, "label": "1805"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g399wq", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018171.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Burr Conspiracy, 1805-1807"]}, "label": "Burr Conspiracy, 1805-1807", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Burr Conspiracy, 1805-1807\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1987.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1807"}, "label": "1807"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3j5fd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3j5fd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry I, 1031-1060"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051268.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1060"}, "label": "1060"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1031"}, "label": "1031"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Henry I, 1031-1060", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Henry I, 1031-1060\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3htzj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3htzj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Five Hu and the Sixteen kingdoms, 304-439"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024049.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0439"}, "label": "439"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0304"}, "label": "304"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Five Hu and the Sixteen kingdoms, 304-439", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Five Hu and the Sixteen kingdoms, 304-439\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39cqr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1745"}, "label": "1745"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39cqr", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069220.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jacobite Rebellion, 1745-1746"]}, "label": "Jacobite Rebellion, 1745-1746", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Jacobite Rebellion, 1745-1746\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1746"}, "label": "1746"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kc5s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kc5s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081758.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Maryland--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.75 of LCSH 1987, and p.73 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Maryland", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1391", "label": "Maryland"}]}, "p06c6g325cp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g325cp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Invasions, 1806-1807"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007042.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1807"}, "label": "1807"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1806"}, "label": "1806"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "label": "English Invasions, 1806-1807", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Argentina--History--English Invasions, 1806-1807\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.3 of LCSH 1975. Source uses the term \"Argentine Republic\" in LCSH 1975, and \"Argentina\" in LCSH 1986. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Argentina ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gbs7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gbs7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third dynasty, ca. 2649-2575 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009000929.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2574"}, "label": "2575 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2648"}, "label": "ca. 2649 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Third dynasty, ca. 2649-2575 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Third dynasty, ca. 2649-2575 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m7bg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0249"}, "label": "249"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m7bg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Decius, 249-251"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115155.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0251"}, "label": "251"}, "label": "Decius, 249-251", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Decius, 249-251\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3xx3k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xx3k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republic, 1931-1939"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126105.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1931"}, "label": "1931"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Republic, 1931-1939", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Republic, 1931-1939\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.110 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fsn6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0925"}, "label": "925"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fsn6", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010015258.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Athelstan, 925-940"]}, "label": "Athelstan, 925-940", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Athelstan, 925-940\". Added to LCSH in 2011, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0940"}, "label": "940"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s9fz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s9fz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry VI, 1190-1197"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054542.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1197"}, "label": "1197"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1190"}, "label": "1190"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Henry VI, 1190-1197", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Henry VI, 1190-1197\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pwjm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pwjm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry I, 1214-1217"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020676.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1217"}, "label": "1217"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1214"}, "label": "1214"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "label": "Henry I, 1214-1217", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Henry I, 1214-1217\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bc6j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bc6j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Euromaidan Protests, 2013-2014", "Euromaidan Revolution", "Maidan Protests", "Maidan Revolution", "Dignity, Revolution of"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2014001396.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2014"}, "label": "2014"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "2013"}, "label": "2013"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "label": "Euromaidan Protests, 2013-2014", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ukraine--History--Euromaidan Protests, 2013-2014\". Added to LCSH in 2014, revised in 2015.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ukraine", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33fsj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33fsj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arab period, Spain, 711-1492", "Arab period", "Moorish occupation"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126074.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0711"}, "label": "711"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Arab period, Spain, 711-1492", "editorialNote": "Extracted from variant for heading \"Spain--History--711-1516\", where it is noted that an earlier LCSH form was \"Spain--History--Arab period, 711-1492\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2011. The period is mapped to the  BNF entry \"http://data.bnf.fr/13318883/espagne_--_711-1516/\", which explains the end-date of 1516 as the death of Ferdinand of Aragon.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zs6n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zs6n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gustav III, 1771-1792", "Gustavus III"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131075.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1792"}, "label": "1792"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1771"}, "label": "1771"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Gustav III, 1771-1792", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Gustav III, 1771-1792\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.112 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kbzc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kbzc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chen dynasty, 557-589", "Ch'en dynasty, 557-589"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024057.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0589"}, "label": "589"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0557"}, "label": "557"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Chen dynasty, 557-589", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Chen dynasty, 557-589\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Ch'en dynasty, 557-589\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vvgv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vvgv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Napoleonic Wars, 1800-1815", "Napoleonic Wars, 1800-1814"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85089767.html", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1815", "earliestYear": "1814"}, "label": "1814 or 1815"}, "label": "Napoleonic Wars, 1800-1815", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Napoleonic Wars, 1800-1815\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. The earlier accepted variant has the period end in 1814, while the current variant ends in 1815, so we have provided a date range for the end value.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p06c6g36k22": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1644"}, "label": "1644"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36k22", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2007002487.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Southern Ming dynasty, 1644-1662", "Nan Ming dynasty, 1644-1662"]}, "label": "Southern Ming dynasty, 1644-1662", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Southern Ming dynasty, 1644-1662\". Added to LCSH in 2007, revised in the same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1662"}, "label": "1662"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jjgj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pt", "id": "p06c6g3jjgj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Afonso VI, 1656-1683", "Alfonso VI"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105274.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1683"}, "label": "1683"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1656"}, "label": "1656"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Afonso VI, 1656-1683", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Afonso VI, 1656-1683\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Alfonso VI, 1656-1683\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "pt"}, "p06c6g3zxt2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1592"}, "label": "1592"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zxt2", "localizedLabels": {"ja-Latn": ["Bunroku Keichō no Eki"], "en": ["Japanese Invasions, 1592-1598", "Japanese Invasions of Korea"], "ko-Latn": ["Chŏngyu Chaeran", "Imjin Chŏngyu Waeran", "Imjin Waeran", "Imjinnan"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85073031.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1598"}, "label": "1598"}, "label": "Japanese Invasions, 1592-1598", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korea--History--Japanese Invasions, 1592-1598\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.70 of LCSH 1987, and p.56 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Korea", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p06c6g3vhk6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vhk6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1879-1884"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85150053.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1884"}, "label": "1884"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1879"}, "label": "1879"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "Civil War, 1879-1884", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Zululand (South Africa)--History--Civil War, 1879-1884\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.132 of LCSH 1987, and p.110 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Zululand", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39n99": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39n99", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140139.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 122 of LCSH 1986 and p.103 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gjdh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gjdh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander, 1879-1886"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85017875.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1886"}, "label": "1886"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1879"}, "label": "1879"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "Alexander, 1879-1886", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bulgaria--History--Alexander, 1879-1886\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appear on p.13 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3czth": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0059"}, "label": "60 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3czth", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Triumvirate, 60-53 B.C", "First Triumvirate, Rome, 60-53 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115121.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0052"}, "label": "53 B.C."}, "label": "First Triumvirate, 60-53 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--First Triumvirate, 60-53 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}]}, "p06c6g3fncr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fncr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C", "Archidamian War, Greece, 431-404 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057083.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0403"}, "label": "404 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0430"}, "label": "431 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x7sb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x7sb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection, 1815-1817", "Second Serbian Insurrection"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91004767.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1817"}, "label": "1817"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}], "label": "Insurrection, 1815-1817", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Serbia--History--Insurrection, 1815-1817\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3whgh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3whgh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry III, 1390-1406"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020685.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1406"}, "label": "1406"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1390"}, "label": "1390"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}], "label": "Henry III, 1390-1406", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile--History--Henry III, 1390-1406\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1998.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35qch": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35qch", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Great Trek, 1836-1840"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125477.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1840"}, "label": "1840"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1836"}, "label": "1836"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "Great Trek, 1836-1840", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Africa, South--History--Great Trek\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.1 of LCSH 1975; revised 1996.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Africa", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b9jz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1080"}, "label": "1080"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b9jz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Armenian Kingdom, 1080-1375"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85025981.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1375"}, "label": "1375"}, "label": "Armenian Kingdom, 1080-1375", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cilicia--History--Armenian Kingdom, 1080-1375\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.22 of LCSH 1987. Revise in 1991.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cilicia", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q335088", "label": "Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia"}]}, "p06c6g3822k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1930"}, "label": "1930"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3822k", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2012004148.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Encirclement Campaigns, 1930-1934", "Extermination Campaigns, 1930-1934"]}, "label": "Encirclement Campaigns, 1930-1934", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Encirclement Campaigns, 1930-1934\". Added to LCSH in 2012, revised in 2013.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1934"}, "label": "1934"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vbwj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vbwj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Artaxiad (Artashesian) dynasty, 189 B.C.-1 A.D."]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007265.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1 A.D."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0188"}, "label": "189 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}], "label": "Artaxiad (Artashesian) dynasty, 189 B.C.-1 A.D.", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Armenia--History--Artaxiad (Artashesian) dynasty, 189 B.C.-1 A.D.\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.4 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Armenia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qn63": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qn63", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1942-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003743.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1942-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kakegawa-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1942-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kakegawa-shi (Japan)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q823988", "label": "Kakegawa"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qq86": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qq86", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip V, 1700-1746"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126082.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1746"}, "label": "1746"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Philip V, 1700-1746", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Philip V, 1700-1746\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r8v3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r8v3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anne, 1702-1714"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056810.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1702"}, "label": "1702"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Anne, 1702-1714", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Anne, 1702-1714\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2005. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38jwb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0220"}, "label": "220"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38jwb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024047.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Six Dynasties, 220-589", "Wei, Chin, Nan-pei Chʻao, 220-589"]}, "label": "Six Dynasties, 220-589", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--220-589\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Primary title \"China--History--220-589\" too generic, so variant \"Six Dynasties, 220-589\" substituted for primary identifier.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0589"}, "label": "589"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32g58": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32g58", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Astrakhan Uprising, 1705-1706"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125785.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1706"}, "label": "1706"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1705"}, "label": "1705"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Astrakhan Uprising, 1705-1706", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Astrakhan Uprising, 1705-1706\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32zbc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32zbc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Greco-Roman period, 332 B.C.-640 A.D"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041289.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0640"}, "label": "640 A.D."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0331"}, "label": "332 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Greco-Roman period, 332 B.C.-640 A.D", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Greco-Roman period, 332 B.C.-640 A.D\". Added to LCSH in1986; appears on p.29 of LCSH 1987, and on p.23 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37gm7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37gm7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gustav II Adolf, 1611-1632", "Gustavus II Adolphus"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131066.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1632"}, "label": "1632"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1611"}, "label": "1611"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Gustav II Adolf, 1611-1632", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Gustav II Adolf, 1611-1632\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.112 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b9ds": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b9ds", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of the Pacific, 1879-1884", "War with Chile", "War with Bolivia and Peru"], "es": ["Guerra del Pacífico"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85145191.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1884"}, "label": "1884"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1879"}, "label": "1879"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q750", "label": "Bolivia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q298", "label": "Chile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "label": "War of the Pacific, 1879-1884", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"War of the Pacific, 1879-1884\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bolivia, Chile, Peru", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tkkg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tkkg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis XVI, 1774-1793"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051308.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1793"}, "label": "1793"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1774"}, "label": "1774"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis XVI, 1774-1793", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis XVI, 1774-1793\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zftd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zftd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1918-1920"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85044968.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1920"}, "label": "1920"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1918-1920", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Estonia--History--War of Independence, 1918-1920\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.32 of LCSH 1987, and p.25 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1994. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Estonia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mp5c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mp5c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Casimir I, 1040-1058"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104023.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1058"}, "label": "1058"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1040"}, "label": "1040"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Casimir I, 1040-1058", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Casimir I, 1040-1058\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p3rf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p3rf", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024120.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1945-1949"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1945-1949", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Civil War, 1945-1949\". Added to LCSH in 1985, revised in 2014. Spatial coverage extend expanded to include Taiwan based off knowledge of the Chinese Civil War and Chiang Kai-Shek and the Kuomintang's flight to Taiwan after their defeat.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1949"}, "label": "1949"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33drz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33drz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry III, 1573-1574"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104042.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1574"}, "label": "1574"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1573"}, "label": "1573"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Henry III, 1573-1574", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Henry III, 1573-1574\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3md86": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3md86", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eighty Years' War, 1568-1648", "Dutch Revolt, 1568-1648", "Wars of Independence, 1556-1648"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091001.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "1558", "earliestYear": "1556"}, "label": "1556 or 1558"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Eighty Years' War, 1568-1648", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History--Eighty Years' War, 1568-1648\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2012. The earlier established form \"Netherlands--History--Wars of Independence, 1556-1648\" referred to the same period but had a start-date two years earlier, so we have represented the start as a range from 1556 to 1558.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32z39": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32z39", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Ages, 500-1500"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85014154.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "label": "Middle Ages, 500-1500", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Biography--Middle Ages, 500-1500\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2005. Variants include the term \"Medieval\", but since individual headings use either \"Medieval\" (as for Social History) or \"Middle Ages\" (as here), we have entered them as two separate definitions.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p06c6g3rrnw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rrnw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James II, 1685-1688"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056804.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1688"}, "label": "1688"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1685"}, "label": "1685"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "James II, 1685-1688", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--James II, 1685-1688\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n4z8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n4z8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars of the Huguenots, 1562-1598"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051298.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1598"}, "label": "1598"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1562"}, "label": "1562"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Wars of the Huguenots, 1562-1598", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Wars of the Huguenots, 1562-1598\". Added to LCSH in 2011; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2011. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fth8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fth8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Consulate and First Empire, 1799-1815"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051395.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1799"}, "label": "1799"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Consulate and First Empire, 1799-1815", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Consulate and First Empire, 1799-1815\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.39 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kgfx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1037"}, "label": "1037"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kgfx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001005150.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand I, 1037-1065"]}, "label": "Ferdinand I, 1037-1065", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Ferdinand I, 1037-1065\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1065"}, "label": "1065"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hzrs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hzrs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oscar II, 1872-1907"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131084.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1872"}, "label": "1872"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Oscar II, 1872-1907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Oscar II, 1872-1907\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.113 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vcfx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vcfx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ukraine", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87002839.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pogroms, 1919-1920"]}, "label": "Pogroms, 1919-1920", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pogroms--Ukraine\". Added to LCSH in 1987, revised in 1994. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1920"}, "label": "1920"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bqmp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bqmp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso VI, 1065-1109"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020672.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1109"}, "label": "1109"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1065"}, "label": "1065"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Alfonso VI, 1065-1109", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Alfonso VI, 1065-1109\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sq7b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1846"}, "label": "1846"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sq7b", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Wielkopolska (Poland)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88007193.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uprisings, 1846-1848", "Poznań Uprisings, 1846-1848"]}, "label": "Uprisings, 1846-1848", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Wielkopolska (Poland)--History--Uprisings, 1846-1848\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37q56": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37q56", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian VIII, 1839-1848"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036799.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Christian VIII, 1839-1848", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Christian VIII, 1839-1848\".  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.28 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x662": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1866"}, "label": "1866"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x662", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete (Greece)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85033948.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection, 1866-1868"]}, "label": "Insurrection, 1866-1868", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crete (Greece)--History--Insurrection, 1866-1868\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2007. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p6jf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p6jf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British occupation, 1811-1816"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85065745.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1816"}, "label": "1816"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1811"}, "label": "1811"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}], "label": "British occupation, 1811-1816", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indonesia--History--British occupation, 1811-1816\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.59 of LCSH 1987, and p.48 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indonesia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sb39": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1970"}, "label": "1970"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sb39", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1970-1975"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85019091.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1975"}, "label": "1975"}, "label": "Civil War, 1970-1975", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cambodia--History--Civil War, 1970-1975\". Added to LCSH in 2006; appears on p.15 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2006. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cambodia", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q424", "label": "Cambodia"}]}, "p06c6g3zq65": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zq65", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1940-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001005310.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1940-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Milan (Italy)--History--Bombardment, 1940-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Milan (Italy)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q490", "label": "Milan"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bvj5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bvj5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Adolphus Frederick, 1751-1771"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131074.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1771"}, "label": "1771"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1751"}, "label": "1751"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Adolphus Frederick, 1751-1771", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Adolphus Frederick, 1751-1771\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.113 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t4md": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t4md", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maximilian II, 1564-1576"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054561.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1576"}, "label": "1576"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1564"}, "label": "1564"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Maximilian II, 1564-1576", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Maximilian II, 1564-1576\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.44 of LCSH 1987, and p.35 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38qpt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38qpt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Carolingian rule, 774-887", "Carlovingian rule, 774-887"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068943.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0887"}, "label": "887"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0774"}, "label": "774"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Carolingian rule, 774-887", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italy--History--Carolingian rule, 774-887\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 63 of LCSH 1987 as \"Carlovingian rule\".", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3npfx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1506"}, "label": "1506"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3npfx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bologna (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015435.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Papal rule, 1506-1797"]}, "label": "Papal rule, 1506-1797", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1891", "label": "Bologna"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bologna (Italy)--History--Papal rule, 1506-1797\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1797"}, "label": "1797"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q4j5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q4j5", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lombardy (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85078188.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Napoleonic rule, 1796-1813"]}, "label": "Napoleonic rule, 1796-1813", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1210", "label": "Lombardy"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lombardy (Italy)--History--1796-1815\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1997. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t8ws": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1665"}, "label": "1665"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t8ws", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104050.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion of Lubomirski, 1665-1666"]}, "label": "Rebellion of Lubomirski, 1665-1666", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Rebellion of Lubomirski, 1665-1666\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2003. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1666"}, "label": "1666"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32hq8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32hq8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Comneni dynasty, 1081-1185"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018502.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1081"}, "label": "1081"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Comneni dynasty, 1081-1185", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Comneni Dynasty, 1081-1185\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1994. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r632": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r632", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131069.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles XI, 1660-1697"]}, "label": "Charles XI, 1660-1697", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Charles XI, 1660-1697\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1697"}, "label": "1697"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c7hd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c7hd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85099530.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pennsylvania--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 90 of LCSH 1987, and p.88 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pennsylvania", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1400", "label": "Pennsylvania"}]}, "p06c6g3zr7p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zr7p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of 1860-1861"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068969.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "War of 1860-1861", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italy--History--War of 1860-1861\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3576d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1974"}, "label": "1974"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3576d", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85035190.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cyprus Crisis, 1974-"]}, "label": "Cyprus Crisis, 1974-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cyprus--History--Cyprus Crisis, 1974-\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1987.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g389kt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g389kt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles I, 1625-1649"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056791.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1649"}, "label": "1649"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1625"}, "label": "1625"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Charles I, 1625-1649", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Charles I, 1625-1649\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nc3n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nc3n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Conrad II, 1024-1039"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054533.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1039"}, "label": "1039"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1024"}, "label": "1024"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Conrad II, 1024-1039", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Conrad II, 1024-1039\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32wkw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32wkw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arab Revolt, 1916-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006283.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "label": "Arab Revolt, 1916-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Arab countries--History--Arab Revolt, 1916-1918\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Spatial coverage derived from exactMatch relationship between http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006278.html (\"Arab countries\") and http://lod.nal.usda.gov/nalt/68652, which provides an RDF file with a list of the specific countries referred to under the heading \"Arab countries\".", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Arab Countries", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q977", "label": "Djibouti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1025", "label": "Mauritania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1045", "label": "Somalia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q805", "label": "Yemen"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q851", "label": "Saudi Arabia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q846", "label": "Qatar"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q842", "label": "Oman"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q398", "label": "Bahrain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q970", "label": "Comoros"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q878", "label": "United Arab Emirates"}]}, "p06c6g3mswc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mswc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine XI Dragases, 1448-1453"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018514.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1453"}, "label": "1453"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1448"}, "label": "1448"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Constantine XI Dragases, 1448-1453", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Constatine XI Dragases, 1448-1453\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wgrm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wgrm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140131.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "ca.1600"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 120 of LCSH 1986 and p.103 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c4dq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1838"}, "label": "1838"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c4dq", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Veracruz (Veracruz-Llave, Mexico)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142788.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French Invasion, 1838-1839", "French Invasion of Veracruz, Veracruz, 1838-1839"]}, "label": "French Invasion, 1838-1839", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Veracruz (Veracruz-Llave, Mexico)--History--French Invasion, 1838-1839\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pkfd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1596"}, "label": "1596"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pkfd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Finland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00001997.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Club War, 1596-1597", "Cudgel War, 1596-1597"]}, "label": "Club War, 1596-1597", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q33", "label": "Finland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Finland--History--Club War, 1596-1597\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1597"}, "label": "1597"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34v9q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34v9q", "localizedLabels": {"ja-Latn": ["Genkō no Hen", "Genkō no Ran"], "en": ["Genkō Incident, 1331-1333"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87006312.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1333"}, "label": "1333"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1331"}, "label": "1331"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Genkō Incident, 1331-1333", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Genkō Incident, 1331-1333\". Added to LCSH in 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ps5k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ps5k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Independence and Civil War, 1975-1994", "Civil War, 1976-1994"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85088193.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1994"}, "label": "1994"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1975"}, "label": "1975"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}], "label": "Independence and Civil War, 1975-1994", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mozambique--History--Independence and Civil War, 1975-1994\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mozambique", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39kx4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39kx4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85022691.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Charleston (S.C.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.23 of LCSH 1987, and p.20 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Charleston (S.C.)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47716", "label": "Charleston"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w5jh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w5jh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand and Isabella, 1479-1516"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126075.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1516"}, "label": "1516"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1479"}, "label": "1479"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Ferdinand and Isabella, 1479-1516", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Ferdinand and Isabella, 1479-1516\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n7gv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0559"}, "label": "560 B.C"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n7gv", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Athens", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86003933.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Age of Tyrants, 560-510 B.C", "Age of Despotism, 560-510 B.C"]}, "label": "Age of Tyrants, 560-510 B.C", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Athens (Greece)--History--Age of Tyrants, 560-510 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0509"}, "label": "510 B.C"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r4h3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1883"}, "label": "1883"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r4h3", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2012003121.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bãi Sậy Uprising, 1883-1892"]}, "label": "Bãi Sậy Uprising, 1883-1892", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Bãi Sậy Uprising, 1883-1892\". Added to LCSH in 2012, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1892"}, "label": "1892"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bkw2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bkw2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip III, 1598-1621"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126079.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1621"}, "label": "1621"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1598"}, "label": "1598"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Philip III, 1598-1621", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Philip III, 1598-1621\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37mbv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37mbv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1876-1878"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115007.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1876"}, "label": "1876"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1876-1878", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Romania--History--War of Independence, 1876-1878\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.98 of LCSH 1987, and p.83 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3srsb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0238"}, "label": "238"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3srsb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gordianus III, 238-244"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115154.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0244"}, "label": "244"}, "label": "Gordianus III, 238-244", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Gordianus III, 238-244\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3tc7x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tc7x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taiping Rebellion, 1850-1864"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024092.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1864"}, "label": "1864"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "1850"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Taiping Rebellion, 1850-1864", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Taiping Rebellion, 1850-1864\". Added to LCSH in 2000; appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fzrc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fzrc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85113728.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rhode Island--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.97 of LCSH 1987, and p.95 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rhode Island", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1387", "label": "Rhode Island"}]}, "p06c6g37td2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37td2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eudes, 888-898"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051259.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0898"}, "label": "898"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0888"}, "label": "888"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Eudes, 888-898", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Eudes, 888-898\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35r8v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35r8v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1810-1823"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142665.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1823"}, "label": "1823"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1810-1823", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Venezuela--History--War of Independence, 1810-1823\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.106 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Venezuela", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35s6j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35s6j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish dynasty, 1580-1640"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105270.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1640"}, "label": "1640"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1580"}, "label": "1580"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Spanish dynasty, 1580-1640", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Spanish dynasty, 1580-1640\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bq65": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1627"}, "label": "1627"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bq65", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manchu Invasions, 1627-1637"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85073032.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1637"}, "label": "1637"}, "label": "Manchu Invasions, 1627-1637", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korea--History--Manchu Invasions, 1627-1637\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.70 of LCSH 1987, and p.56 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Korea", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p06c6g3p9w6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0934"}, "label": "934"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p9w6", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90003154.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Shu kingdom, 934-965", "Hou Shu, China, 934-965", "Later Shu kingdom, China, 934-965"]}, "label": "Later Shu kingdom, 934-965", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Later Shu kingdom, 934-965\". Added to LCSH in 1990, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0965"}, "label": "965"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xgw2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0907"}, "label": "907"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xgw2", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90003153.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Earlier Shu kingdom, 907-925", "Chʻien Shu, China, 907-925", "Qian Shu, China, 907-925"]}, "label": "Earlier Shu kingdom, 907-925", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Earlier Shu kingdom, 907-925\". Added to LCSH in 1990, revised in 1999.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0925"}, "label": "925"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fn69": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1954"}, "label": "1954"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fn69", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Algeria", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85003462.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1954-1962", "French-Algerian War, 1954-1962"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1954-1962", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Algeria--History--Revolution, 1954-1962\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1998.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1962"}, "label": "1962"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38jmx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1797"}, "label": "1797"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38jmx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bologna (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015436.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French rule, 1797-1815"]}, "label": "French rule, 1797-1815", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1891", "label": "Bologna"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bologna (Italy)--History--French rule, 1797-1815\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hq7j": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1673"}, "label": "1673"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hq7j", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95008524.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion of the Three Feudatories, 1673-1681"]}, "label": "Rebellion of the Three Feudatories, 1673-1681", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Rebellion of the Three Feudatories, 1673-1681\". Added to LSCH in 1995, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1681"}, "label": "1681"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zhpq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zhpq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leopold I, 1831-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012984.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1831"}, "label": "1831"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Leopold I, 1831-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--Leopold I, 1831-1865\". Appears on p.8 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p. 9 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32xhk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1948"}, "label": "1948"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32xhk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Berlin (Germany)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85013346.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Berlin Blockade, 1948-1949", "Berlin Airlift, 1948-1949"]}, "label": "Berlin Blockade, 1948-1949", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64", "label": "Berlin"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Berlin (Germany)--History--Blockade, 1948-1949\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2007. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1949"}, "label": "1949"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bv66": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bv66", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry VI, 1422-1461"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056768.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1461"}, "label": "1461"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1422"}, "label": "1422"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Henry VI, 1422-1461", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Henry VI, 1422-1461\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f4zw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f4zw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh92004932.html", "localizedLabels": {"zh-Latn": ["Hu fa yün tung, 1917-1923"], "en": ["Movement to Protect the Constitution, 1917-1923"]}, "label": "Movement to Protect the Constitution, 1917-1923", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Movement to Protect the Constitution, 1917-1923\". Added to LCSH in 1992, revised in 1996.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1923"}, "label": "1923"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37bm6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37bm6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick I, 1797-1816"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148689.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1816"}, "label": "1816"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1797"}, "label": "1797"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Frederick I, 1797-1816", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Württemberg (Germany)--History--Frederick I, 1797-1816\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 131 of LCSH 1986 and p.109 of LCSH 1975.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Württemberg (Germany)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wbcb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wbcb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1830-1832"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85077626.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1832"}, "label": "1832"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}], "label": "Revolution, 1830-1832", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lithuania--History--Revolution, 1830-1832\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.72 of LCSH 1987, and p.58 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lithuania", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rcxf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rcxf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Francis I, 1515-1547"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051293.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1547"}, "label": "1547"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1515"}, "label": "1515"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Francis I, 1515-1547", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Francis I, 1515-1547\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xmbb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xmbb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Valens, 364-378"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97005429.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0378"}, "label": "378"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0364"}, "label": "364"}, "label": "Valens, 364-378", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Valens, 364-378\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in same year.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire, Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g388qr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g388qr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eighteenth dynasty, ca. 1570-1320 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041287.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1319"}, "label": "1320 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1569"}, "label": "1570 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Eighteenth dynasty, ca. 1570-1320 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Eighteenth dynasty, ca. 1570-1320 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.29 of LCSH 1987, and p.23 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b2j6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1307"}, "label": "1307"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b2j6", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056759.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edward II, 1307-1327"]}, "label": "Edward II, 1307-1327", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Edward II, 1307-1327\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1327"}, "label": "1327"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hbxm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hbxm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John II, 1458-1479"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006391.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1479"}, "label": "1479"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1458"}, "label": "1458"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "label": "John II, 1458-1479", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon--History--John II, 1458-1479\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 3 of LCSH 1975; revised in 1986. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zs5c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zs5c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman period, 55 B.C.-449 A.D"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056728.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0449"}, "label": "449 A.D."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0054"}, "label": "55 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Roman period, 55 B.C.-449 A.D", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Roman period, 55 B.C.-449 A.D\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32kfd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32kfd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Clement VII, 1523-1534"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004008046.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1534"}, "label": "1534"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1523"}, "label": "1523"}, "label": "Clement VII, 1523-1534", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papal States--History--Clement VII, 1523-1534\". Added to LCSH in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}]}, "p06c6g3kp7q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kp7q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1383-1385"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105257.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1385"}, "label": "1385"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1383"}, "label": "1383"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Interregnum, 1383-1385", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Interregnum, 1383-1385\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bn87": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bn87", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Thai-Indochinese Conflict, 1940-1941", "Franco-Thai War, 1940-1941", "Thailand-Indochina Conflict, 1940-1941"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85134428.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "label": "Thai-Indochinese Conflict, 1940-1941", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Thai-Indochinese Conflict, 1940-1941\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2017.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indochina, Thailand", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q869", "label": "Thailand"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q819", "label": "Laos"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w469": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w469", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constitutional period, 1789-1809"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140188.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1809"}, "label": "1809"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Constitutional period, 1789-1809", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--Constitutional period, 1789-1809\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 122 of LCSH 1986 and p.103 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b8nm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b8nm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French Colony, 1555-1567"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85016553.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1555"}, "label": "1555"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "French Colony, 1555-1567", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Brazil--History--French Colony, 1555-1567\". Appears on p.10 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.12 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wdff": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wdff", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ngcayecibi, War of, South Africa, 1877-1878", "Border War, 9th, South Africa, 1877-1878", "Cape Frontier War, 9th, South Africa, 1877-1878", "Gaika and Galeka, War of, South Africa, 1877-1878", "Galeka, War of, South Africa, 1877-1878", "Gcaleka, War of, South Africa, 1877-1878", "Ngcaycibi, War of, South Africa, 1877-1878", "Ngika and Gcaleka, War of, South Africa, 1877-1878", "War of Ngcayecibi, 1877-1878"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90003957.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1877"}, "label": "1877"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "Ngcayecibi, War of, South Africa, 1877-1878", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ngcayecibi, War of, South Africa, 1877-1878\". Added to LCSH in 1990.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Africa", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33mnn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33mnn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Lancaster, 1399-1461"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056764.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1461"}, "label": "1461"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1399"}, "label": "1399"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "House of Lancaster, 1399-1461", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--House of Lancaster, 1399-1461\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36rz2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36rz2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peter II, 1727-1730"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125788.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1730"}, "label": "1730"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1727"}, "label": "1727"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Peter II, 1727-1730", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Peter II, 1727-1730\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2005.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m7cr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0306"}, "label": "306"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m7cr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine I, the Great, 306-337"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115161.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0337"}, "label": "337"}, "label": "Constantine I, the Great, 306-337", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Constantine I, the Great, 306-337\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3kwrq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kwrq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Franz Joseph I, 1848-1916", "Francis Joseph"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009711.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Franz Joseph I, 1848-1916", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--history--Franz Joseph I, 1848-1916\".  Appears under the alternate label \"Francis Joseph I, 1848-1916\" on p.6 of LCSH 1975, and on p.7 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2007.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dn9x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dn9x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles V, 1364-1380"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051284.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1380"}, "label": "1380"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1364"}, "label": "1364"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Charles V, 1364-1380", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Charles V, 1364-1380\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35sm4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35sm4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pahlavi dynasty, 1925-1979"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85067905.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1979"}, "label": "1979"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1925"}, "label": "1925"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Pahlavi dynasty, 1925-1979", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iran--History--Pahlavi dynasty, 1925-1979\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.60 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iran", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33vpr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33vpr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85146232.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"West Virginia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.130 of LCSH 1987, and p.127 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "West Virginia", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1371", "label": "West Virginia"}]}, "p06c6g3nn6m": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nn6m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maria Theresa, 1740-1780"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009701.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1780"}, "label": "1780"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1740"}, "label": "1740"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Maria Theresa, 1740-1780", "editorialNote": "Extracted from the heading \"Austria--History--Maria Theresa, 1740-1780\". Appears on p.6 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.7 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wv45": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wv45", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Achinese War, 1873-1904"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85065746.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1904"}, "label": "1904"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1873"}, "label": "1873"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}], "label": "Achinese War, 1873-1904", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indonesia--History--Achinese War, 1873-1904\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.59 of LCSH 1987, and p.48 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indonesia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pf24": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0597"}, "label": "598 B.C"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pf24", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iraq, Babylonia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85070401.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Babylonian captivity, 598-515 B.C", "Babylonian captivity, Jewish", "Babylonian exile, Jewish"]}, "label": "Babylonian captivity, 598-515 B.C", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Jews--History--Babylonian captivity, 598-515 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1987. Spatial coverage description from broader term \"Jews--Iraq--Babylonia\".", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0514"}, "label": "515 B.C"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wzqx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wzqx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso VII, 1126-1157"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020673.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1157"}, "label": "1157"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1126"}, "label": "1126"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "label": "Alfonso VII, 1126-1157", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Alfonso VII, 1126-1157\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tn45": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tn45", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick I, 1152-1190"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054541.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1190"}, "label": "1190"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1152"}, "label": "1152"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Frederick I, 1152-1190", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Frederick I, 1152-1190\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ncc2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1884"}, "label": "1884"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ncc2", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98006719.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yên Thế Uprising, 1884-1913"]}, "label": "Yên Thế Uprising, 1884-1913", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Yên Thế Uprising, 1884-1913\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1913"}, "label": "1913"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qmvf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qmvf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Francis II, 1792-1806"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061623.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1806"}, "label": "1806"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1792"}, "label": "1792"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Francis II, 1792-1806", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Francis II, 1792-1806\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rg34": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rg34", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Franz Joseph I, 1848-1916", "Francis Joseph"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063060.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "Franz Joseph I, 1848-1916", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Franz Joseph I, 1848-1916\". Added to LCSH in 1986; on p.46 of LCSH 1975, and on p.57 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wk43": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1820"}, "label": "1820"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wk43", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Daoguang, 1820-1850", "Tao kuang, 1820-1850"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024089.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "1850"}, "label": "Daoguang, 1820-1850", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Daoguang, 1820-1850\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Tao kuang, 1820-1850\" appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987, and on p.16 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}]}, "p06c6g3fvt6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fvt6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion, 1485-1487"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85089739.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1487"}, "label": "1487"}, "label": "Rebellion, 1485-1487", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Naples (Kingdom)--History--Rebellion, 1485-1487\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Naples (Kingdom)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2634", "label": "Naples"}]}, "p06c6g34zjk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "96"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34zjk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antonines, 96-192"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115140.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0192"}, "label": "192"}, "label": "Antonines, 96-192", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Antonines, 96-192\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3ht5q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ht5q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Old Kingdom, ca. 2686-ca. 2181 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99002813.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2180"}, "label": "ca. 2181 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2685"}, "label": "ca. 2686 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Old Kingdom, ca. 2686-ca. 2181 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Old Kingdom, ca. 2686-ca. 2181 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1999.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b2hv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b2hv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles V, 1506-1555"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012973.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1555"}, "label": "1555"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1506"}, "label": "1506"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Charles V, 1506-1555", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--Charles V, 1506-1555\". Appears on p. 8 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.9 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qzgr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qzgr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars of Independence, 1806-1830", "Revolution of American colonies, 1806-1830"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125532.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1806"}, "label": "1806"}, "label": "Wars of Independence, 1806-1830", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"South America--History--Wars of Independence, 1806-1830\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South America", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18", "label": "South America"}]}, "p06c6g3h9qk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h9qk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gothic War, 535-555", "Byzantine Invasion, Italy, 535-555", "Gothic War, Italy, 535-555"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068942.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0555"}, "label": "555"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0535"}, "label": "535"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Gothic War, 535-555", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italy--History--Gothic War, 535-555\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 63 of LCSH 1987; revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vnns": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vnns", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hussite Wars, 1419-1436"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015311.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1436"}, "label": "1436"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1419"}, "label": "1419"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}], "label": "Hussite Wars, 1419-1436", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bohemia (Czechoslovakia)--History--Hussite Wars, 1419-1436\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.10 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1993. Source refers to the Czech Republic as Czechoslovakia. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bohemia (Czechoslovakia)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h2j9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h2j9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French occupation, 1881-1956", "War with Tunisia, 1881"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138658.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1956"}, "label": "1956"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1881"}, "label": "1881"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "French occupation, 1881-1956", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Tunisia--History--French occupation, 1881-1956\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2004. \"France--History--War with Tunisia, 1881\" listed as a variant, so spatial coverage for France added.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tunisia, France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36xmc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36xmc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wallace's Rising, 1297-1304"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118833.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1304"}, "label": "1304"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1297"}, "label": "1297"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "Wallace's Rising, 1297-1304", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Wallace's Rising, 1297-1304\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w7vp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1989"}, "label": "1989"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w7vp", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91000757.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Heisei period, 1989-"]}, "label": "Heisei period, 1989-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Heisei period, 1989-\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jvd9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jvd9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85049235.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Florida--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.78 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida ", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}]}, "p06c6g3mznk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mznk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Batavian Republic, 1795-1806"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091009.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1806"}, "label": "1806"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1795"}, "label": "1795"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Batavian Republic, 1795-1806", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History--Batavian Republic, 1795-1806\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987, and p.66 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zq92": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1217"}, "label": "1217"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zq92", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020677.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand III, 1217-1252"]}, "label": "Ferdinand III, 1217-1252", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Ferdinand III, 1217-1252\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1998. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1252"}, "label": "1252"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cz93": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cz93", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054220.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Georgia--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.42 of LCSH 1987, and p.40 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Georgia", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1428", "label": "Georgia"}]}, "p06c6g36zzk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36zzk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry VII, 1308-1313"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061604.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1313"}, "label": "1313"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1308"}, "label": "1308"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Henry VII, 1308-1313", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Henry VII, 1308-1313\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g367c4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g367c4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sigismund III, 1587-1632"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104044.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1632"}, "label": "1632"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1587"}, "label": "1587"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Sigismund III, 1587-1632", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Sigismund III, 1587-1632\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39fdm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1406"}, "label": "1406"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39fdm", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020686.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John II, 1406-1454"]}, "label": "John II, 1406-1454", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--John II, 1406-1454\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1998.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1454"}, "label": "1454"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t26b": {"id": "p06c6g3t26b", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0618"}, "label": "618"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001008865.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Three kingdoms-Sui dynasty, 220-618\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2006.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0220"}, "label": "220"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Three kingdoms-Sui dynasty, 220-618", "Three kingdoms, six dynasties-Sui dynasty, 220-618"]}, "label": "Three kingdoms-Sui dynasty, 220-618", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "note": "Period used explicitly with respect to art: \"Use as a chronological subdivision under headings for art forms qualified by the adjective Chinese.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k6t5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k6t5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wilhelmina, 1898-1948"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091017.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1948"}, "label": "1948"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1898"}, "label": "1898"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Wilhelmina, 1898-1948", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History--Wilhelmina, 1898-1948\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.81 of LCSH 1987, and p.66 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rcgk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rcgk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Darfur Conflict, 2003-", "Darfur War", "Darfur Genocide"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006006133.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "2015"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "2003"}, "label": "2003"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "label": "Darfur Conflict, 2003-", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sudan--History--Darfur Conflict, 2003-\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sudan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kdbj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kdbj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William II, 1840-1849"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091014.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1840"}, "label": "1840"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "William II, 1840-1849", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History-William II, 1840-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.81 of LCSH 1987, and p.66 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35gtj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35gtj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry IV, 1454-1474"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020687.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1474"}, "label": "1474"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1454"}, "label": "1454"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "label": "Henry IV, 1454-1474", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Henry IV, 1454-1474\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p48j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p48j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Great Western Schism, 1378-1417", "Papal Schism, 1378-1417"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118132.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1417"}, "label": "1417"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1378"}, "label": "1378"}, "label": "Great Western Schism, 1378-1417", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Schism, The Great Western, 1378-1417\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}]}, "p06c6g3f9wm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f9wm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dorian invasions, ca. 1125-1025 B.C", "Return of the Heraclidae, Greece, ca. 1125-1025 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057075.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1024"}, "label": "1025 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1124"}, "label": "ca. 1125 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Dorian invasions, ca. 1125-1025 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Dorian Invasions, ca. 1125-1025 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pn3x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "193"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pn3x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lucius Septimus Severus, 193-211"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115146.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0211"}, "label": "211"}, "label": "Lucius Septimus Severus, 193-211", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Lucius Septimius Severus, 193-211\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3thbv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3thbv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Valois, 1363-1477"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018078.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1477"}, "label": "1477"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1363"}, "label": "1363"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "House of Valois, 1363-1477", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Burgundy (France)--History--House of Valois, 1363-1477\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.13 of LCSH 1987. Source notes Burgundy is in modern France. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burgundy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r365": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1881"}, "label": "1881"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r365", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85070483.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pogroms, 1881-1882"]}, "label": "Pogroms, 1881-1882", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pogroms--Russia\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1882"}, "label": "1882"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kwk8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1291"}, "label": "1291"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kwk8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James II, 1291-1327"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002795.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1327"}, "label": "1327"}, "label": "James II, 1291-1327", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--James II, 1291-1327\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}]}, "p06c6g3rwkc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1911"}, "label": "1911"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rwkc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024103.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1911-1912"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1911-1912", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Revolution, 1911-1912\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2014. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fzm6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fzm6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Erik Glipping, 1259-1286"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036774.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1286"}, "label": "1286"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1259"}, "label": "1259"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Erik Glipping, 1259-1286", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Erik Glipping, 1259-1286\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gdm8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gdm8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shōwa period, 1926-1989"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069504.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1989"}, "label": "1989"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1926"}, "label": "1926"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Shōwa period, 1926-1989", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Shōwa period, 1926-1989\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.67 of LCSH 1987, and p.54 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3px9s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3px9s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sigismund, 1411-1437"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061609.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1437"}, "label": "1437"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1411"}, "label": "1411"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Sigismund, 1411-1437", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Sigismund, 1411-1437\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry appears under \"Germany--History\", but with a separate URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kkhb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kkhb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1918-1920"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003417.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1920"}, "label": "1920"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1918-1920", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lithuania--History--War of Independence, 1918-1920\". Added to LCSH in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lithuania", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hw3n": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1661"}, "label": "1661"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hw3n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria, Turkey", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009768.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Austro-Turkish War, 1661-1664", "War with Turkey, 1661-1664", "War with Austria, 1661-1664"]}, "label": "Austro-Turkish War, 1661-1664", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austro-Turkish War, 1661-1664\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1664"}, "label": "1664"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ckj9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ckj9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1905-1907"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85044966.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}], "label": "Revolution, 1905-1907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Estonia--History--Revolution, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.32 of LCSH 1987, and on p.25 LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Estonia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38pqv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38pqv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Konrad III, 1138-1152", "Conrad III, 1138-1152"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061595.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1152"}, "label": "1152"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1138"}, "label": "1138"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Konrad III, 1138-1152", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Konrad III, 1138-1152\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2014.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vcdn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1389"}, "label": "1389"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vcdn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boniface IX, 1389-1404"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097560.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1404"}, "label": "1404"}, "label": "Boniface IX, 1389-1404", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papal States--History--Boniface IX, 1389-1404\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.88 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}]}, "p06c6g3xs3j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xs3j", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85070849.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post-exilic period, 586 B.C.-210 A.D", "History of inter-testamental events", "Hellenistic Judaism", "Pre-Talmudic period, 586 B.C.-10 A.D", "Greco-Roman period, 332 B.C.-210 A.D", "Inter-testamental period, 140 B.C.-30 A.D"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0585"}, "label": "586 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "label": "Post-exilic period, 586 B.C.-210 A.D", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Judaism--History--Post-exilic period, 586 B.C.-210 A.D\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1988. Spatial coverage description given only as \"Judaism\", spatial extent inferred from primary location of Jewish population during this period. Note the differing dates given in the alternate labels.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0210"}, "label": "210 A.D"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g337sz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g337sz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick II, 1740-1786", "Frederick II, the Great, 1740-1786"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1786"}, "label": "1786"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1740"}, "label": "1740"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Frederick II, 1740-1786", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Prussia--History--Frederick II, 1740-1786\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.96 of LCSH 1987, and p.81 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Prussia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85108068.html", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35jbw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1702"}, "label": "1702"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35jbw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091450.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "1713"}, "label": "Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New York (State)--History--Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.83 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New York", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1384", "label": "New York"}]}, "p06c6g3h4t6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h4t6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John III, 1521-1557"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105267.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1557"}, "label": "1557"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "1521"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "John III, 1521-1557", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--John III, 1521-1557\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g9wt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1396"}, "label": "1396"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g9wt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2013001359.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Martin I, 1396-1410"]}, "label": "Martin I, 1396-1410", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Martin I, 1396-1410\". Added to LCSH in 2013, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1410"}, "label": "1410"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qwcc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qwcc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1944-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008004335.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1944-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Trieste (Italy : Province)--History--Bombardment, 1944-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2008, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Trieste (Italy : Province)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g374rs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g374rs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James V, 1513-1542"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118844.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1542"}, "label": "1542"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1513"}, "label": "1513"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "James V, 1513-1542", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--James V, 1513-1542\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1999. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38mzf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1832"}, "label": "1832"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38mzf", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Alagoas (Brazil)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85003119.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1832-1835"], "pt": ["Cabanada, 1832-1835", "Guerra dos Cabanos, 1832-1835"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1832-1835", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Alagoas (Brazil)--History--Revolution, 1832-1835\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "1835"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b3m2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1276"}, "label": "1276"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b3m2", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006385.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peter III, 1276-1285"]}, "label": "Peter III, 1276-1285", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Peter III, 1276-1285\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1285"}, "label": "1285"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39h6c": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39h6c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86003785.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Moldova--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Moldova", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}]}, "p06c6g3mb63": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mb63", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mehmed V, 1909-1918", "Mohammed V, 1909-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138828.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1909"}, "label": "1909"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Mehmed V, 1909-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Mehmed V, 1909-1918\". Added to LCSH in 1986 Alternate label \"Mohammed V, 1909-1918\" appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.100 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rhrz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0843"}, "label": "843"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rhrz", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054652.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Ages, 843-1517"]}, "label": "Middle Ages, 843-1517", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--Religious life and customs--Middle Ages, 843-1517\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1517"}, "label": "1517"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nb4p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nb4p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Asuka period, 592-645", "Asuka period"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008007758.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0645"}, "label": "645"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0592"}, "label": "592"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Asuka period, 592-645", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Asuka period, 592-645\". Added to LCSH in 2008.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3chc9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0222"}, "label": "222"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3chc9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Severus Alexander, 222-235"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115151.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235"}, "label": "Severus Alexander, 222-235", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Severus Alexander, 222-235\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3jccc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jccc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arsacid (Arshakuni) dynasty, 66-428"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007266.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0428"}, "label": "428"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0066"}, "label": "66"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}], "label": "Arsacid (Arshakuni) dynasty, 66-428", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Armenia--History--Arsacid (Arshakuni) dynasty, 66-428\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.5 of LCSH 1987, and p.4 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Armenia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zt2q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zt2q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Three kingdoms, 220-265"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024045.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0265"}, "label": "265"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0220"}, "label": "220"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Three kingdoms, 220-265", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Three kingdoms, 220-265\".  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xwbd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xwbd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leo I, 457-474"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002992.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0474"}, "label": "474"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0457"}, "label": "457"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Leo I, 457-474", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Leo I, 457-474\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37rkz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37rkz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish rule, 1535-1714"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85078186.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1535"}, "label": "1535"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1210", "label": "Lombardy"}], "label": "Spanish rule, 1535-1714", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lombardy (Italy)--History--Spanish rule, 1535-1714\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.73 of LCSH 1987, and p.58 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lombardy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39j2f": {"id": "p06c6g39j2f", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1368"}, "label": "1368"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001008867.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Song-Yuan dynasties, 960-1368\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2006.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Song-Yuan dynasties, 960-1368", "Sung-Yüan dynasties"]}, "label": "Song-Yuan dynasties, 960-1368", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "note": "Period used explicitly with respect to art: \"Use as a chronological subdivision under headings for art forms qualified by the adjective Chinese.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fhqp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fhqp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Soviet occupation, 1940-1941"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85044973.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}], "label": "Soviet occupation, 1940-1941", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Estonia--History--Soviet occupation, 1940-1941\". Added to LCSH 2004; appears on p.32 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Estonia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kdzv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1994"}, "label": "1994"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kdzv", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Haiti", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96001698.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["American intervention, 1994-1995", "Operation Restore Democracy, Haiti, 1994-1995", "Operation Uphold Democracy, Haiti, 1994-1995"]}, "label": "American intervention, 1994-1995", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Haiti--History--American intervention, 1994-1995\". Added to LCSH in 1996, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1995"}, "label": "1995"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bmff": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1797"}, "label": "1797"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bmff", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91001434.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["XYZ Affair, 1797-1798"]}, "label": "XYZ Affair, 1797-1798", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"XYZ Affair, 1797-1798\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1798"}, "label": "1798"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kz9d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1099"}, "label": "1099"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kz9d", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jerusalem", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069906.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Latin Kingdom, 1099-1244", "Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem"]}, "label": "Latin Kingdom, 1099-1244", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Jerusalem--History--Latin Kingdom, 1099-1244\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1244"}, "label": "1244"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tspw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tspw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry II, 1369-1379"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020683.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1379"}, "label": "1379"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1369"}, "label": "1369"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}], "label": "Henry II, 1369-1379", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Henry II, 1369-1379\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1998.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c4hm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c4hm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval period, 987-1515"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051266.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1515"}, "label": "1515"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0987"}, "label": "987"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Medieval period, 987-1515", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Medieval period, 987-1515\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.28 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wf7w": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1992"}, "label": "1992"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wf7w", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Abkhazia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003253.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uprising, 1992-1993"]}, "label": "Uprising, 1992-1993", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23334", "label": "Abkhazia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia (country)"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Abkhazia (Georgia)--History--Uprising, 1992-1993\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1993"}, "label": "1993"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3whtg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3whtg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056730.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "1066"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0449"}, "label": "449"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37fv2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37fv2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stanislaus II Augustus, 1764-1795"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104059.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1795"}, "label": "1795"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1764"}, "label": "1764"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Stanislaus II Augustus, 1764-1795", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Stanislaus II Augustus, 1764-1795\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hxq8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hxq8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Canute, 1017-1035"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056735.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1035"}, "label": "1035"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1017"}, "label": "1017"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Canute, 1017-1035", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Canute, 1017-1035\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g328b6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g328b6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85065011.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indiana--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.59 of LCSH 1987, and p.57 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indiana", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1415", "label": "Indiana"}]}, "p06c6g3tbd6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tbd6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles II, 1660-1685"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056800.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1685"}, "label": "1685"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Charles II, 1660-1685", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Charles II, 1660-1685\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h9bb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h9bb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1945-1949"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85065749.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1949"}, "label": "1949"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}], "label": "Revolution, 1945-1949", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indonesia--History--Revolution, 1945-1949\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.59 of LCSH 1987, and p.48 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2006. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indonesia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mfdm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mfdm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip II Augustus, 1180-1223"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051272.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1223"}, "label": "1223"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1180"}, "label": "1180"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Philip II Augustus, 1180-1223", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Philip II Augustus, 1180-1223\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xd9g": {"id": "p06c6g3xd9g", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1988"}, "label": "1988"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009008447.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from variant for heading \"Burma--History--1962-1988\". Added to LCSH in 2009.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1962"}, "label": "1962"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolutionary Council period, 1962-1988", "Revolutionary Council period"]}, "label": "Revolutionary Council period, 1962-1988", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "note": "Under \"Sources\", noted: \"Committee on Research Materials on Southeast Asia analysis study, March 20, 2007 (suggested heading: Myanmar--History--Revolutionary Council, 1962-1988)\".", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hz7c": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hz7c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091456.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New York (State)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.83 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New York", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1384", "label": "New York"}]}, "p06c6g38s67": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38s67", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Francis I, 1792-1835"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009707.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "1835"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1792"}, "label": "1792"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Francis I, 1792-1835", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Francis I, 1792-1835\". Appears on p. 6 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.7 of LCSH1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34qdk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34qdk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Macedonian Conquest, 334-325 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002349.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0324"}, "label": "325 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0333"}, "label": "334 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Macedonian Conquest, 334-325 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iran--History--Macedonian Conquest, 334-325 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.60 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iran", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bj5j": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bj5j", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indonesia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2011005829.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Toba War, 1878-1907", "Batak War, 1878-1907", "Sisingamangaraja War, 1878-1907", "Si Singamangaraja War, 1878-1907", "Tapanuli War, 1878-1907"]}, "label": "Toba War, 1878-1907", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indonesia--History--Toba War, 1878-1907\". Added to LCSH in 2011, revised in 2012.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bgn6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bgn6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1940-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96004350.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1940-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"London (England)--History--Bombardment, 1940-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1996, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "London (England)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q84", "label": "London"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3969w": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3969w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1990-1993"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97002612.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1993"}, "label": "1993"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1990"}, "label": "1990"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1037", "label": "Rwanda"}], "label": "Civil War, 1990-1993", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rwanda--History--Civil War, 1990-1993\". Added to LCSH in 1997.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rwanda", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38qfr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38qfr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036530.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Delaware--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.26 of LCSH 1987, and p.23 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Delaware", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1393", "label": "Delaware"}]}, "p06c6g3pz8r": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pz8r", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Croatia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002854.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1848-1849"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1848-1849", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Croatia--History--Revolution, 1848-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hhpt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hhpt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John I Albert, 1492-1501"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104035.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1501"}, "label": "1501"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "John I Albert, 1492-1501", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--John I Albert, 1492-1501\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nvn2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nvn2", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063057.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uprising of 1848-1849"]}, "label": "Uprising of 1848-1849", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Uprising of 1848-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pfqq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical period, 1500-1700", "Classical period"]}, "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spanish literature--Classical period, 1500-1700\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "id": "p06c6g3pfqq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Classical period, 1500-1700", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "note": "Applies to literary periodization only.", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126270.html", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38k3r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38k3r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nicephorus II Phocas, 963-969"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96011146.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0969"}, "label": "969"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0963"}, "label": "963"}, "label": "Nicephorus II Phocas, 963-969", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Nicephorus II Phocas, 963-969\". Added to LCSH in 1996, revised in 1997.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3p772": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p772", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["White Lotus Rebellion, 1796-1804"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024085.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1804"}, "label": "1804"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "White Lotus Rebellion, 1796-1804", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--White Lotus Rebellion, 1796-1804\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37xch": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37xch", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars of Independence, 1810-1821"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084579.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1821"}, "label": "1821"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "label": "Wars of Independence, 1810-1821", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mexico--History--Wars of Independence, 1810-1821\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.77 of LCSH 1987, and p.62 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g378dv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g378dv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Magnus II Eriksson, 1319-1363"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131057.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1363"}, "label": "1363"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1319"}, "label": "1319"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Magnus II Eriksson, 1319-1363", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Magnus II Eriksson, 1319-1363\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.112 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rsd4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rsd4", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85003191.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Axis occupation, 1939-1944", "Axis occupation, 1939-1944", "German occupation, 1943-1944", "Italian occupation, 1939-1943"]}, "label": "Axis occupation, 1939-1944", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Albania--History--Axis occupation, 1939-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2010. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gnh6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gnh6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Persian and Greek Rule, 429-640"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007268.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0640"}, "label": "640"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0429"}, "label": "429"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}], "label": "Persian and Greek Rule, 429-640", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Armenia--History--Persian and Greek Rule, 429-640\". Added to LCSH in 2000; appears on p.4 of LCSH 1975; revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Armenia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gghv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gghv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Joseph II, 1780-1790"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009703.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1790"}, "label": "1790"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1780"}, "label": "1780"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Joseph II, 1780-1790", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Joseph II, 1780-1790\". Appears on p. 6 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p. 7 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wdjb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1674"}, "label": "1674"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wdjb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Messina (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084001.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion, 1674-1678"]}, "label": "Rebellion, 1674-1678", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Messina (Italy)--History--Rebellion, 1674-1678\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1678"}, "label": "1678"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3krb5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1824"}, "label": "1824"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3krb5", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018142.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo-Burmese War, 1st, 1824-1826", "British War of Conquest, 1824-1826"]}, "label": "Anglo-Burmese War, 1st, 1824-1826", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Anglo-Burmese War, 1st, 1824-1826\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2009. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1826"}, "label": "1826"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37thw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37thw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Saladin, 1171-1193"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041293.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1193"}, "label": "1193"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1171"}, "label": "1171"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Saladin, 1171-1193", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Saladin, 1171-1193\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.29 of LCSH 1987, and on p.23 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32r2f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32r2f", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sarawak (Malaysia)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98004957.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese occupation, 1941-1945", "Japanese occupation of Sarawak, 1941-1945"]}, "label": "Japanese occupation, 1941-1945", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q833", "label": "Malaysia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sarawak (Malaysia)--History--Japanese occupation, 1941-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2016. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r8d7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r8d7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ludwig IV, 1314-1347", "Louis IV, 1314-1347"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061606.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1347"}, "label": "1347"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1314"}, "label": "1314"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Ludwig IV, 1314-1347", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Ludwig IV, 1314-1347\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2007.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h8g8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h8g8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis VII, 1137-1180"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051271.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1180"}, "label": "1180"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1137"}, "label": "1137"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis VII, 1137-1180", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis VII, 1137-1180\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35grx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35grx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry I, 919-936"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054529.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0936"}, "label": "936"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0919"}, "label": "919"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Henry I, 919-936", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Henry I, 919-936\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vptj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vptj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English colony, 1763-1784"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85049229.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1784"}, "label": "1784"}, "label": "English colony, 1763-1784", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Florida--History--English colony, 1763-1784\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.35 of LCSH 1987, and p.27 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida ", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}]}, "p06c6g3nj6t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nj6t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95007696.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Arezzo (Italy)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1944\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Arezzo (Italy)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13378", "label": "Arezzo"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tkmr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tkmr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boleslaus I, 992-1025"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104020.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1025"}, "label": "1025"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0992"}, "label": "992"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Boleslaus I, 992-1025", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Boleslaus I, 992-1025\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vxqg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vxqg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leo III the Isaurian, 717-741"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018492.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0741"}, "label": "741"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0717"}, "label": "717"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Leo III the Isaurian, 717-741", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Leo III the Isaurian\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33mwq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33mwq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081935.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Massachusetts--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 75 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Massachusetts", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}]}, "p06c6g3f7s7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f7s7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sancho IV, 1284-1295"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020679.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1295"}, "label": "1295"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1284"}, "label": "1284"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}], "label": "Sancho IV, 1284-1295", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Sancho IV, 1284-1295\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mdwh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mdwh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John, 1199-1216"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056751.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1216"}, "label": "1216"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1199"}, "label": "1199"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "John, 1199-1216", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--John, 1199-1216\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xxkq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xxkq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Flavians, 69-96"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115137.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "96"}, "label": "Flavians, 69-96", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Flavians, 69-96\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g37n78": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37n78", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peninsular War, 1807-1814"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85099422.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1807"}, "label": "1807"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Peninsular War, 1807-1814", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Peninsular War, 1807-1814\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q4rw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "ca. 1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q4rw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85022687.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "label": "Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Charleston (S.C.)--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.23 of LCSH 1987, and p.20 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Charleston (S.C.)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47716", "label": "Charleston"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k674": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1838"}, "label": "1838"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k674", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85001514.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Afghan Wars, 1838-1919", "Afghan Wars"]}, "label": "Afghan Wars, 1838-1919", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Afghan Wars\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1997. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34wxb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34wxb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1942-1943"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2003008153.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1942-1943", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Saint-Nazaire (France)--History--Bombardment, 1942-1943\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Saint-Nazaire (France)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q152027", "label": "Saint-Nazaire"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fxff": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fxff", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gustav VI Adolf, 1950-1973", "Gustavus VI Adolphus"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131088.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1973"}, "label": "1973"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1950"}, "label": "1950"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Gustav VI Adolf, 1950-1973", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Gustav VI Adolf, 1950-1973\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.113 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xhmw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xhmw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edward IV, 1461-1483"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056772.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1483"}, "label": "1483"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1461"}, "label": "1461"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Edward IV, 1461-1483", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Edward IV, 1461-1483\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34bp4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34bp4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Isabella II, 1833-1868"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126094.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1833"}, "label": "1833"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Isabella II, 1833-1868", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Isabella II, 1833-1868\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.110 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hd2q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hd2q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip of Swabia, 1198-1208"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054543.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1208"}, "label": "1208"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1198"}, "label": "1198"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Philip of Swabia, 1198-1208", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Philip of Swabia, 1198-1208\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ptnz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ptnz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Franconian House, 1024-1125", "Franconian emperors", "Salian emperors"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061590.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1024"}, "label": "1024"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Franconian House, 1024-1125", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Franconian House, 1024-1125\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry exists under \"Germany--History\", but with a separate URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3j5tn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3j5tn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["World War, 1939-1945", "European War", "Second World War", "World War 2", "World War II", "World War Two", "WWII", "WW II"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148273.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "World War, 1939-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"World War, 1939-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}]}, "p06c6g3wtqw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wtqw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Filibuster War, 1855-1860"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091726.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1855"}, "label": "1855"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Filibuster War, 1855-1860", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Nicaragua--History--Filibuster War, 1855-1860\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.84 of LCSH 1987, and p.69 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nicaragua", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ntwt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ntwt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of 1894-1895"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85088192.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1895"}, "label": "1895"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1894"}, "label": "1894"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}], "label": "War of 1894-1895", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mozambique--History--War of 1894-1895\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mozambique", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cd5q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cd5q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Azuchi-Momoyama period, 1568-1603"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069471.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1568"}, "label": "1568"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Azuchi-Momoyama period, 1568-1603", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Azuchi-Momoyama period, 1568-1603\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.67 of LCSH 1987, and p.54 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tsmb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tsmb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Earlier Nine Years' War, 1051-1062"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069447.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1062"}, "label": "1062"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1051"}, "label": "1051"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Earlier Nine Years' War, 1051-1062", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Earlier Nine Years' War, 1051-1062\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bpdn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bpdn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xianfeng, 1850-1861", "Hsien feng, 1850-1861"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024091.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "1850"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Xianfeng, 1850-1861", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Xianfeng, 1850-1861\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Hsien feng, 1850-1861\" appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987, and p.16 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32fpf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0909"}, "label": "909"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32fpf", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98007347.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Min kingdom, 909-945"]}, "label": "Min kingdom, 909-945", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Min kingdom, 909-945\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0945"}, "label": "945"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hf5v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hf5v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Matthias, 1612-1619"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061616.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1619"}, "label": "1619"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1612"}, "label": "1612"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Matthias, 1612-1619", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Matthias, 1612-1619\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.55 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36v7k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36v7k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Li Zicheng Rebellion, 1628-1645", "Li Tzu ch'eng Rebellion, 1628-1645"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024074.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1645"}, "label": "1645"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1628"}, "label": "1628"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Li Zicheng Rebellion, 1628-1645", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Li Zicheng Rebellion, 1628-1645\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Li Tzu ch'eng Rebellion, 1628-1645\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gncz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gncz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John I, 1379-1390"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020684.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1390"}, "label": "1390"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1379"}, "label": "1379"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}], "label": "John I, 1379-1390", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--John I, 1379-1390\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987. Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g364b2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g364b2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tiberius II, 578-582"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86004789.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0582"}, "label": "582"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0578"}, "label": "578"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Tiberius II, 578-582", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Tiberius II, 578-582\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35tq8": {"id": "p06c6g35tq8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002012467.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from the scope note in the original entry. Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in 2006.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Meiji period, 1868-1912", "Meiji period"]}, "label": "Meiji period, 1868-1912", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "note": "Source specifies in general note: Use as a chronological subdivision under headings for art forms qualified by the adjective Japanese.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fdwd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "1835"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fdwd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1835-1836"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85134265.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1836"}, "label": "1836"}, "label": "Revolution, 1835-1836", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Texas--History--Revolution, 1835-1836\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.115 of LCSH 1987, and p.112 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}]}, "p06c6g35gmr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35gmr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1642-1649"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056792.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1649"}, "label": "1649"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1642"}, "label": "1642"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Civil War, 1642-1649", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Civil War, 1642-1649\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p9bf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p9bf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zanj Rebellion, 868-883", "Zanj Revolt"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85067944.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0883"}, "label": "883"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0868"}, "label": "868"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Zanj Rebellion, 868-883", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iraq--History--Zanj Rebellion, 868-883\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.60 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iraq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zcz3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zcz3", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98006716.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hồ dynasty, 1400-1407"]}, "label": "Hồ dynasty, 1400-1407", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Hồ dynasty, 1400-1407\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1407"}, "label": "1407"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x395": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x395", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian V, 1670-1699 "]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036788.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1699"}, "label": "1699"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1670"}, "label": "1670"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Christian V, 1670-1699 ", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Christian V, 1670-1699\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36bh3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36bh3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Valois, 1328-1589"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051282.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1589"}, "label": "1589"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1328"}, "label": "1328"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "House of Valois, 1328-1589", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--House of Valois, 1328-1589\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g6cm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g6cm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dinis, 1279-1325", "Denis, 1279-1325"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105253.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1325"}, "label": "1325"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1279"}, "label": "1279"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Dinis, 1279-1325", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Dinis, 1279-1325\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Denis, 1279-1325\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3875r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3875r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Brigand War, 1795-1797"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97008503.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1797"}, "label": "1797"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1795"}, "label": "1795"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q760", "label": "Saint Lucia"}], "label": "Brigand War, 1795-1797", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Saint Lucia--History--Brigand War, 1795-1797\". Added to LCSH in 1997.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Saint Lucia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3spk2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3spk2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John II, 1350-1364"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051283.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1364"}, "label": "1364"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1350"}, "label": "1350"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "John II, 1350-1364", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--John II, 1350-1364\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34bwv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "117"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34bwv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hadrian, 117-138"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115142.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0138"}, "label": "138"}, "label": "Hadrian, 117-138", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Hadrian, 117-138\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3sz48": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1675"}, "label": "1675"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sz48", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85072401.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["King Philip's War, 1675-1676"]}, "label": "King Philip's War, 1675-1676", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18389", "label": "New England"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"King Philip's War, 1675-1676\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1676"}, "label": "1676"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zv2z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1494"}, "label": "1494"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zv2z", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pisa (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85102447.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion, 1494-1509"]}, "label": "Rebellion, 1494-1509", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1273", "label": "Tuscany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pisa (Italy)--History--Rebellion, 1494-1509\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2007.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1509"}, "label": "1509"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w6hg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w6hg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mieszko II, 1025-1034"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104021.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1034"}, "label": "1034"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1025"}, "label": "1025"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Mieszko II, 1025-1034", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Mieszko II, 1025-1034\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g388vx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1813"}, "label": "1813"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g388vx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126090.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand VII, 1813-1833"]}, "label": "Ferdinand VII, 1813-1833", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Ferdinand VII, 1813-1833\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1833"}, "label": "1833"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mvzg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "2012"}, "label": "2012"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mvzg", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mali", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2013001455.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tuareg Rebellion, 2012-"]}, "label": "Tuareg Rebellion, 2012-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q912", "label": "Mali"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mali--History--Tuareg Rebellion, 2012-\". Added to LCSH in 2013, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3v6c3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1768"}, "label": "1768"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v6c3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French Domination, 1768-1794"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85033078.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1794"}, "label": "1794"}, "label": "French Domination, 1768-1794", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Corsica--History--French Domination, 1768-1794\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.24 of LCSH 1987, and on p.18 of LCSH 1875. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Corsica", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q14112", "label": "Corsica"}]}, "p06c6g3dxrv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dxrv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip II, 1556-1598"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126078.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1598"}, "label": "1598"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1556"}, "label": "1556"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Philip II, 1556-1598", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Philip II, 1556-1598\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cxjv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cxjv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Conquest, 1522-1548"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100205.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1548"}, "label": "1548"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1522"}, "label": "1522"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "label": "Conquest, 1522-1548", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Peru--History--Conquest, 1522-1548\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.90 of LCSH 1987, and p.76 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peru", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rhfb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rhfb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sino-Japanese War, 1894-1895", "War with Japan, 1894-1895", "First Sino-Japanese War, 1894-1895", "War with China, 1894-1895", "Japanese-Chinese War, 1894-1895", "Chinese-Japanese War, 1894-1895"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024296.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1895"}, "label": "1895"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1894"}, "label": "1894"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Sino-Japanese War, 1894-1895", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sino-Japanese War, 1894-1895\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2006 and again in 2017.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan, Korea, China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3754q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0379"}, "label": "379"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3754q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theodosius I, the Great, 379-395"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115166.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "395"}, "label": "Theodosius I, the Great, 379-395", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Theodosius I, the Great, 379-395\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3brcv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3brcv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1899-1903"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85028498.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1903"}, "label": "1903"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "label": "Revolution, 1899-1903", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Colombia--History--Revolution, 1899-1903\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.23 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dk4x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dk4x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Erik Menved, 1286-1319"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036775.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1319"}, "label": "1319"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1286"}, "label": "1286"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Erik Menved, 1286-1319", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Erik Menved, 1286-1319\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hb99": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0264"}, "label": "265 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hb99", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republic, 265-30 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115116.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 B.C."}, "label": "Republic, 265-30 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Republic, 265-30 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975.  This must be Middle/Late Republic in conventional chronology. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17167", "label": "Roman Republic"}]}, "p06c6g3gwcs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gwcs", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092579.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Northern War, 1700-1721", "Great Northern War, 1700-1721"]}, "label": "Northern War, 1700-1721", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Northern War, 1700-1721\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1721"}, "label": "1721"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bhkt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bhkt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arab Spring, 2010-"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2012000135.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "2010"}, "label": "2010"}, "label": "Arab Spring, 2010-", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Arab Spring, 2010-\". Added to LCSH in 2012, revised in same year. Spatial coverage derived from exactMatch relationship between http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006278.html (\"Arab countries\") and http://lod.nal.usda.gov/nalt/68652, which provides an RDF file with a list of the specific countries referred to under the heading \"Arab countries\".", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Arab Countries", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q977", "label": "Djibouti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1025", "label": "Mauritania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1045", "label": "Somalia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q805", "label": "Yemen"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q851", "label": "Saudi Arabia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q846", "label": "Qatar"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q842", "label": "Oman"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q398", "label": "Bahrain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q970", "label": "Comoros"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q878", "label": "United Arab Emirates"}]}, "p06c6g39zkz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1960"}, "label": "1960"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39zkz", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Guatemala", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00005588.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1960-1996"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1960-1996", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774", "label": "Guatemala"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Guatemala--History--Civil War, 1960-1996\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in 2001.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1996"}, "label": "1996"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ssdb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ssdb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dutch Conquest, 1624-1654"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85016555.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1654"}, "label": "1654"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1624"}, "label": "1624"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "Dutch Conquest, 1624-1654", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Brazil--History--Dutch Conquest, 1624-1654\". Appears on p.10 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.12 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32wv9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1857"}, "label": "1857"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32wv9", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064921.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sepoy Rebellion, 1857-1858", "Indian Mutiny, 1857-1858", "Sepoy Mutiny, 1857-1858"]}, "label": "Sepoy Rebellion, 1857-1858", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"India--History--Sepoy Rebellion, 1857-1858\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2002. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1858"}, "label": "1858"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nt77": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nt77", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip IV, 1285-1314"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051277.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1314"}, "label": "1314"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1285"}, "label": "1285"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Philip IV, 1285-1314", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Philip IV, 1285-1314\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jdvr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jdvr", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chile, Peru", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85023888.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War with Spain, 1865-1866"]}, "label": "War with Spain, 1865-1866", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q298", "label": "Chile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Chile--History--War with Spain, 1865-1866\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1866"}, "label": "1866"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s7bk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s7bk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Song dynasty, 960-1279", "Sung dynasty, 960-1279"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024066.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1279"}, "label": "1279"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Song dynasty, 960-1279", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Song dynasty, 960-1279\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Sung dynasty, 960-1279\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987,", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cpxb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cpxb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip III, 1270-1285"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051276.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1285"}, "label": "1285"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1270"}, "label": "1270"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Philip III, 1270-1285", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Philip III, 1270-1285\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g386zb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1640"}, "label": "1640"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g386zb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2016002489.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["İbrahim, 1640-1648"]}, "label": "İbrahim, 1640-1648", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--İbrahim, 1640-1648\". Added to LCSH in 2016, revised in 2017.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g333mg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g333mg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Süleyman I, 1520-1566"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138808.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1566"}, "label": "1566"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1520"}, "label": "1520"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Süleyman I, 1520-1566", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Süleyman I, 1520-1566\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Suleiman I, 1520-1566\" appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34r7c": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1342"}, "label": "1342"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34r7c", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91002882.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis I, 1342-1382"]}, "label": "Louis I, 1342-1382", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Louis I, 1342-1382\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1382"}, "label": "1382"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wmhk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wmhk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Liang dynasty, 502-557"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024054.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0557"}, "label": "557"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0502"}, "label": "502"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Liang dynasty, 502-557", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Liang dynasty, 502-557\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35pjq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "550"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35pjq", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024055.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Northern Qi dynasty, 550-577", "Northern Chʻi dynasty, 550-577"]}, "label": "Northern Qi dynasty, 550-577", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Northern Qi dynasty, 550-577\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0577"}, "label": "577"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s5qb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s5qb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nicholas I, 1860-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85087055.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}], "label": "Nicholas I, 1860-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Montenegro--History--Nicholas I, 1860-1918\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.79 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Montenegro", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dbwn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dbwn", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063064.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1918-1919"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1918-1919", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Revolution, 1918-1919\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xwpc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xwpc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leo X, 1513-1521"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98004271.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "1521"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1513"}, "label": "1513"}, "label": "Leo X, 1513-1521", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papal States--History--Leo X, 1513-1521\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in same year. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}]}, "p06c6g38f6m": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1105"}, "label": "1105"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38f6m", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sicily", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85122249.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roger II, 1105-1154"]}, "label": "Roger II, 1105-1154", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sicily (Italy)--History--Roger II, 1105-1154\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1154"}, "label": "1154"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bx89": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bx89", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maximilian I, 1493-1519"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061611.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1519"}, "label": "1519"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1493"}, "label": "1493"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Maximilian I, 1493-1519", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Maximilian I, 1493-1519\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ghm2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ghm2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Andronicus III Palaeologus, 1328-1341"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018511.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1341"}, "label": "1341"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1328"}, "label": "1328"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Andronicus III Palaeologus, 1328-1341", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Andronicus III Palaeologus, 1328-1341\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32q3g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1817"}, "label": "1817"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32q3g", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85119943.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Seminole War, 1817-1818", "Seminole Wars, 1817-1858"]}, "label": "First Seminole War, 1817-1818", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Seminole War, 1st, 1817-1818\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1990. Note that the alternate label includes the Second and Third Seminole Wars as well.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1818"}, "label": "1818"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dqfn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1844"}, "label": "1844"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dqfn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oscar I, 1844-1859"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092675.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1859"}, "label": "1859"}, "label": "Oscar I, 1844-1859", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Oscar I, 1844-1859\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3khdw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3khdw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Heian period, 794-1185"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069443.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0794"}, "label": "794"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Heian period, 794-1185", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Heian period, 794-1185\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n77s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n77s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1909-1910"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091727.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1910"}, "label": "1910"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1909"}, "label": "1909"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Revolution, 1909-1910", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Nicaragua--History--Revolution, 1909-1910\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nicaragua", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g322fh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g322fh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maurice, 582-602"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018489.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0602"}, "label": "602"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0582"}, "label": "582"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Maurice, 582-602", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Maurice, 582-602\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3j94r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3j94r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alekseĭ Mikhaĭlovich, 1645-1676", "Alexis, 1645-1676"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125778.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1676"}, "label": "1676"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1645"}, "label": "1645"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Alekseĭ Mikhaĭlovich, 1645-1676", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Alekseĭ Mikhaĭlovich, 1645-1676\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Alexis, 1645-1676\" appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bt4b": {"start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}, "label": "1754, 1755"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bt4b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081757.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Maryland--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.75 of LCSH 1987, and p.73 of LCSH 1975; revised in 2012.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Maryland", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1391", "label": "Maryland"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zf5r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zf5r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Warring States, 403-221 B.C."]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024038.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0220"}, "label": "221 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0402"}, "label": "403 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Warring States, 403-221 B.C.", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Warring States, 403-221 B.C.\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.19 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xsr6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xsr6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Conquest, 1519-1540"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084574.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1540"}, "label": "1540"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1519"}, "label": "1519"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "label": "Conquest, 1519-1540", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mexico--History--Conquest, 1519-1540\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.76 of LCSH 1987, and p.62 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35vvp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35vvp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manuel II, 1908-1910"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105290.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1910"}, "label": "1910"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1908"}, "label": "1908"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Manuel II, 1908-1910", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Manuel II, 1908-1910\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c629": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c629", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philippine American War, 1899-1902", "Filipino American War", "Philippine Insurrection, 1899-1902", "Insurrection, 1899-1901"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100792.html", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1902", "earliestYear": "1901"}, "label": "1901 or 1902"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q928", "label": "Philippines"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Philippine American War, 1899-1902", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Philippines--History--Philippine American War, 1899-1902\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1998. The earlier established variant indicates an end to the period in 1901, the later in 1902, so we have provided the stop as the range between these two values.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Philippines, United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n9zj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n9zj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ulrich, 1503-1550"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85148687.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1550"}, "label": "1550"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1503"}, "label": "1503"}, "label": "Ulrich, 1503-1550", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Württemberg (Germany)--History--Ulrich, 1503-1550\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 131 of LCSH 1986 and p.109 of LCSH 1975.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Württemberg (Germany)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}]}, "p06c6g3hptb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hptb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fenian invasions, 1866-1870"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85019325.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1870"}, "label": "1870"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1866"}, "label": "1866"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16", "label": "Canada"}], "label": "Fenian invasions, 1866-1870", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Canada--History--Fenian invasions, 1866-1870\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on .13 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Canada", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33bvc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1685"}, "label": "1685"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33bvc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ireland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068007.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James II, 1685-1688"]}, "label": "James II, 1685-1688", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ireland--History--James II, 1685-1688\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry appears under heading \"Great Britain--History--\" with a distinct URI.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1688"}, "label": "1688"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kdn7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1795"}, "label": "1795"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kdn7", "spatialCoverageDescription": "St Vincent", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85116625.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Carib War, 1795-1796", "Carib War, Saint Vincent, 1795-1796"]}, "label": "Carib War, 1795-1796", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q757", "label": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Saint Vincent--History--Carib War, 1795-1796\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kcvq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kcvq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Soviet occupation, 1940-1941", "Russian occupation, 1940-1941"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85077631.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}], "label": "Soviet occupation, 1940-1941", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lithuania--History--Soviet occupation, 1940-1941\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2007.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lithuania", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3szt6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3szt6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Menalamba Rebellion, 1895-1899", "Red Shawls Rebellion, 1895-1899"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85079501.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1895"}, "label": "1895"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1019", "label": "Madagascar"}], "label": "Menalamba Rebellion, 1895-1899", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Madagascar--History--Menalamba Rebellion, 1895-1899\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.74 of LCSH 1987, and p.60 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2011. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Madagascar", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g353gq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g353gq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nineteenth dynasty, ca. 1320-1200 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98003284.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1319"}, "label": "ca. 1320 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Nineteenth dynasty, ca. 1320-1200 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Nineteenth dynasty, ca. 1320-1200 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1998.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kfdd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0475"}, "label": "475"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kfdd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Romulus Augustulus, 475-476"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115170.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476"}, "label": "Romulus Augustulus, 475-476", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Romulus Augustulus, 475-476\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g38n4k": {"start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}, "label": "1754, 1755"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38n4k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85143767.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Virginia--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.129 of LCSH 1987, and p.127 of LCSH 1975; revised in 2012.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Virginia", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1370", "label": "Virginia"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hp9v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hp9v", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2015000776.html", "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Dekemvriana, 1944-1945"], "en": ["Battle of Athens, 1944-1945", "December Events, 1944-1945"]}, "label": "Battle of Athens, 1944-1945", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Athens, Battle of, Athens, Greece, 1944-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2015, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ckzt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ckzt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles VII, 1742-1745"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061620.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1745"}, "label": "1745"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1742"}, "label": "1742"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Charles VII, 1742-1745", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Charles VII, 1742-1745\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hn2j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hn2j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles V, 1506-1555"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091000.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1555"}, "label": "1555"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1506"}, "label": "1506"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Charles V, 1506-1555", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History--Charles V, 1506-1555\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987, and p.66 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fpv6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fpv6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James II, 1437-1460"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118841.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1460"}, "label": "1460"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1437"}, "label": "1437"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "James II, 1437-1460", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--James II, 1437-1460\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1999. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fkt4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fkt4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles X, 1824-1830"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051400.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1824"}, "label": "1824"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Charles X, 1824-1830", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Charles X, 1824-1830\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g388n6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0640"}, "label": "640"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g388n6", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041330.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern period, 640-"]}, "label": "Modern period, 640-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--Religion--640-\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1992. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xqcd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xqcd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eighty Years' War, 1568-1648"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091001.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1568"}, "label": "1568"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Eighty Years' War, 1568-1648", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History--Eighty Years' War, 1568-1648\". Added to LCSH in 1986. The alternate label \"Wars of Independence, 1568-1648\" appears on p.81 of LCSH 1987, and p.66 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b8ft": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b8ft", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Petŭr II, 1196-1197"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86003204.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1197"}, "label": "1197"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1196"}, "label": "1196"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "Petŭr II, 1196-1197", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bulgaria--History--Petur II, 1196-1197\". Appears on p.13 of LCSH 1987; added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cg9f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cg9f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Russian Conquest, 1808-1809"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85048378.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1809"}, "label": "1809"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q33", "label": "Finland"}], "label": "Russian Conquest, 1808-1809", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Finland--History--Russian Conquest, 1808-1809\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.34 of LCSH 1987, and p.26 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Finland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37bgz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1225"}, "label": "1225"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37bgz", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97003453.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Trần dynasty, 1225-1400"]}, "label": "Trần dynasty, 1225-1400", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Trần dynasty, 1225-1400\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pnwr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pnwr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John VIII Palaeologus, 1425-1448"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88004633.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1448"}, "label": "1448"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1425"}, "label": "1425"}, "label": "John VIII Palaeologus, 1425-1448", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--John VIII Palaeologus, 1425-1448\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 1994. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3tgqv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1845"}, "label": "1845"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tgqv", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ireland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95010073.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Famine, 1845-1852", "Great Famine, 1845-1852", "Great Irish Famine, 1845-1852", "Great Potato Famine, 1845-1852", "Irish Potato Famine, 1845-1852", "Potato Famine, 1845-1852"]}, "label": "Famine, 1845-1852", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ireland--History--Famine, 1845-1852\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 1996.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1852"}, "label": "1852"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tg28": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tg28", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sindh (Pakistan)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85122798.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hur Rebellion, 1942-1947"]}, "label": "Hur Rebellion, 1942-1947", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sindh (Pakistan)--History--Hur Rebellion, 1942-1947\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1947"}, "label": "1947"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g372bq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g372bq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French occupation, 1798-1801"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041298.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1798"}, "label": "1798"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "French occupation, 1798-1801", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--French occupation, 1798-1801\". Added to LCSH 2004; appears on p.29 of LCSH 1987, and on p.23 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wgjt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wgjt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ivan III, 1462-1505"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125770.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1505"}, "label": "1505"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1462"}, "label": "1462"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Ivan III, 1462-1505", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Ivan III, 1462-1505\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34svx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1820"}, "label": "1820"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34svx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peru", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100211.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1820-1829"]}, "label": "War of Independence, 1820-1829", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Peru--History--War of Independence, 1820-1829\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1829"}, "label": "1829"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t5zm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1833"}, "label": "1833"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t5zm", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95006453.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lê Văn Khôi's Rebellion, 1833-1835"]}, "label": "Lê Văn Khôi's Rebellion, 1833-1835", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Lê Văn Khôi's Rebellion, 1833-1835\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "1835"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g99s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1977"}, "label": "1977"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g99s", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam, Cambodia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85019096.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cambodian-Vietnamese Conflict, 1977-1991", "Cambodian-Vietnamese Border War, 1977-1991", "Kampuchean-Vietnamese Conflict, 1977-1991"]}, "label": "Cambodian-Vietnamese Conflict, 1977-1991", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q424", "label": "Cambodia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cambodian-Vietnamese Conflict, 1977-1991\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1998.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1991"}, "label": "1991"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33wqb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33wqb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eric III, 1400-1442"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092658.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1442"}, "label": "1442"}, "label": "Eric III, 1400-1442", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Eric III, 1400-1442\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3h72f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h72f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Han dynasty, 202 B.C.- 220 A.D."]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024043.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0220"}, "label": "220 A.D."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0201"}, "label": "202 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Han dynasty, 202 B.C.- 220 A.D.", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Han dynasty, 202 B.C.-220 A.D.\"  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nd74": {"id": "p06c6g3nd74", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105351.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portuguese literature--Classical period, 1500-1700\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical period, 1500-1700", "Classical period"]}, "label": "Classical period, 1500-1700", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "note": "Applies to literary periodization only.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xqsx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xqsx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1848-1849", "Revolution of 1848 in Germany"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054572.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Revolution, 1848-1849", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Revolution, 1848-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pk7m": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pk7m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, 913-959"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018498.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0959"}, "label": "959"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0913"}, "label": "913"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, 913-959", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, 913-959\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34vjs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34vjs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Axis occupation, 1941-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85149476.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "Republic of Macedonia"}], "label": "Axis occupation, 1941-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Yugoslavia--History--Axis occupation, 1941-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p. 130 of LCSH 1986 and p.109 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Yugoslavia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32jqh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32jqh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pagan period, 849-1287", "Pagan period", "Bagan period"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009008439.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1287"}, "label": "1287"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0849"}, "label": "849"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "label": "Pagan period, 849-1287", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Burma--History--Pagan period, 849-1287\". Added to LCSH in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g372xr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g372xr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["George II, 1727-1760"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056814.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1760"}, "label": "1760"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1727"}, "label": "1727"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "George II, 1727-1760", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Victoria, 1837-1901\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dpw8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dpw8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand I, 1556-1564"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91000236.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1564"}, "label": "1564"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1556"}, "label": "1556"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Ferdinand I, 1556-1564", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Ferdinand I, 1556-1564\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hrh6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hrh6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bayezid I, 1389-1403"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138803.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1403"}, "label": "1403"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1389"}, "label": "1389"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Bayezid I, 1389-1403", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Bayezid I, 1389-1403\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Bayazid I, 1389-1403\" appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xzjp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1795"}, "label": "1795"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xzjp", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jamaica", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069312.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maroon War, 1795-1796"]}, "label": "Maroon War, 1795-1796", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766", "label": "Jamaica"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Jamaica--History--Maroon War, 1795-1796\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p2v3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p2v3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stuarts, to the Union, 1371-1707"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118837.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1707"}, "label": "1707"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1371"}, "label": "1371"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "Stuarts, to the Union, 1371-1707", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Stuarts, to the Union, 1371-1707\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.101 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g396vn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g396vn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vietnam War, 1961-1975", "Vietnam Conflict, 1961-1975", "Vietnamese War, 1961-1975", "Vietnamese Conflict, 1961-1975"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85143277.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1975"}, "label": "1975"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1961"}, "label": "1961"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "label": "Vietnam War, 1961-1975", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam War, 1961-1975\". Added to LCSH in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States, Vietnam", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xqqc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xqqc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Keichō Peasant Uprising, 1614-1615", "Kitayama Peasant Uprising"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069476.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1615"}, "label": "1615"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1614"}, "label": "1614"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Keichō Peasant Uprising, 1614-1615", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Keichō Peasant Uprising, 1614-1615\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33d23": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33d23", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry II, 1547-1559"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051294.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1559"}, "label": "1559"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1547"}, "label": "1547"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Henry II, 1547-1559", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Henry II, 1547-1559\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pmwh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pmwh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry II, 1002-1024"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061588.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1024"}, "label": "1024"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1002"}, "label": "1002"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Henry II, 1002-1024", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Henry II, 1002-1024\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nv8r": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nv8r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125560.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"South Carolina--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.105 of LCSH 1987, and p.102 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Carolina", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1456", "label": "South Carolina"}]}, "p06c6g3xspk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1604"}, "label": "1604"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xspk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131065.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles IX, 1604-1611"]}, "label": "Charles IX, 1604-1611", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Charles IX, 1604-1611\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1611"}, "label": "1611"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xmdw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xmdw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boris Fyodorovich Godunov, 1598-1605", "Boris Godunov, 1598-1605"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125774.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1605"}, "label": "1605"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1598"}, "label": "1598"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Boris Fyodorovich Godunov, 1598-1605", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Boris Fyodorovich Godunov, 1598-1605\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Boris Godunov, 1598-1605\"  appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jv6h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jv6h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick William III, 1797-1840"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85108073.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1840"}, "label": "1840"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1797"}, "label": "1797"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Frederick William III, 1797-1840", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Prussia--History--Frederick William III, 1797-1840\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.96 of LCSH 1987, and p.81 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Prussia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nqbb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nqbb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1914-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104093.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "German occupation, 1914-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--German occupation, 1914-1918\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.94 of LCSH 1987, and p.79 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mgb9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mgb9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Commonwealth and Protectorate, 1649-1660", "Commonwealth of England, 1649-1660", "Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1653-1659", "Interregnum, 1649-1660"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056798.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1649"}, "label": "1649"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "label": "Commonwealth and Protectorate, 1649-1660", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Commonwealth and Protectorate, 1649-1660\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2013. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain, England, Scotland, Ireland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nx5d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1643"}, "label": "1643"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nx5d", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark, Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85035762.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dano-Swedish War, 1643-1645"]}, "label": "Dano-Swedish War, 1643-1645", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Dano-Swedish War, 1643-1645\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1645"}, "label": "1645"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w6c9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0218"}, "label": "218"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w6c9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Elagabalus, 218-222"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115150.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0222"}, "label": "222"}, "label": "Elagabalus, 218-222", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Elagabalus, 218-222\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3nfs4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "ca. 1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nfs4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091268.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "label": "Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New England--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.81 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New England ", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18389", "label": "New England"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kq9k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kq9k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Twelfth dynasty, 1991 B.C.-ca. 1786 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009005152.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1785"}, "label": "ca. 1786 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1990"}, "label": "1991 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Twelfth dynasty, 1991 B.C.-ca. 1786 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Twelfth dynasty, 1991 B.C.-ca. 1786 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nt32": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nt32", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["George I, 1863-1913"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057099.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1913"}, "label": "1913"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1863"}, "label": "1863"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "George I, 1863-1913", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--George I, 1863-1913\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975 under \"Greece, Modern\".", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m5q7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m5q7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis XVIII, 1814-1824"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051398.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1824"}, "label": "1824"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis XVIII, 1814-1824", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis XVIII, 1814-1824\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3365d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0054"}, "label": "54"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3365d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nero, 54-68"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115132.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0068"}, "label": "68"}, "label": "Nero, 54-68", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Nero, 54-68\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3fdzz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fdzz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Korana War, 1st, 1868-1870", "Northern Border War, 1st", "Korana War, 1868-1870"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85072999.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1870"}, "label": "1870"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "Korana War, 1st, 1868-1870", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korana War, 1st, 1868-1870\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Africa", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tq7j": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1523"}, "label": "1523"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tq7j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick I, 1523-1533"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092660.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1533"}, "label": "1533"}, "label": "Frederick I, 1523-1533", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Frederick I, 1523-1533\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3964f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3964f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip V, 1316-1322"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051280.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1322"}, "label": "1322"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1316"}, "label": "1316"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Philip V, 1316-1322", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Philip V, 1316-1322\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sfhm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sfhm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick I, 1688-1713"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85108066.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "1713"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1688"}, "label": "1688"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Frederick I, 1688-1713", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Prussia--History--Frederick I, 1688-1713\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.96 of LCSH 1987, and p.81 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Prussia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vjn2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vjn2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Attempted Mongol Invasions, 1274-1281"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069459.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1281"}, "label": "1281"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1274"}, "label": "1274"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Attempted Mongol Invasions, 1274-1281", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Attempted Mongol Invasions, 1274-1281\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32fbg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32fbg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John II, 1481-1495"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105264.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1495"}, "label": "1495"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1481"}, "label": "1481"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "John II, 1481-1495", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--John II, 1481-1495\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qgdj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1613"}, "label": "1613"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qgdj", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87004308.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Romanov, 1613-1917"]}, "label": "House of Romanov, 1613-1917", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--1613-1917\". Added to LCSH in 1987, revised in 1992. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vrq6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vrq6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sigismund, 1592-1599"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131064.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1599"}, "label": "1599"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1592"}, "label": "1592"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Sigismund, 1592-1599", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Sigismund, 1592-1599\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.113 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35pxz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35pxz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leopold II, 1790-1792"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009706.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1792"}, "label": "1792"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1790"}, "label": "1790"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Leopold II, 1790-1792", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Leopold II, 1790-1792\". Appears on p. 6 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.7 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r7ht": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r7ht", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Justinian I, 527-565"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018487.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0565"}, "label": "565"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0527"}, "label": "527"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Justinian I, 527-565", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Justinian I, 527-565\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s85c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s85c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shōhei Revolt, 936-941", "Fujiwara Sumitomo Revolt, 936-941"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069445.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0941"}, "label": "941"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0936"}, "label": "936"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Shōhei Revolt, 936-941", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Shōhei Revolt, 936-941\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33v5b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33v5b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles XIV John, 1818-1844"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131081.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1844"}, "label": "1844"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1818"}, "label": "1818"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Charles XIV John, 1818-1844", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Charles XIV John, 1818-1844\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.113 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38jh3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38jh3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Irene, 797-802"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018495.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0802"}, "label": "802"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0797"}, "label": "797"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Irene, 797-802", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Irene, 797-802\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3td2q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3td2q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85086225.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Missouri--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.78 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Missouri", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1581", "label": "Missouri"}]}, "p06c6g3qcmj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qcmj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Russo-Turkish Wars, 1676-1878", "Turco-Russian Wars, 1676-1878"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85116070.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1676"}, "label": "1676"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Russo-Turkish Wars, 1676-1878", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russo-Turkish Wars, 1676-1878\". Added to LCSH in 1986. The entry only associates the heading with the history of Turkey, but  the extension of spatial coverage to Russia is implicit in the label for the heading.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey, Russia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3v2tv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v2tv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004004808.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Muscel (Romania : Județ)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Muscel (Romania : Județ)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36qxg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36qxg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otto IV, 1208-1214"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054544.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1214"}, "label": "1214"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1208"}, "label": "1208"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Otto IV, 1208-1214", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Otto IV, 1208-1214\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g355nq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g355nq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85003094.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Alabama--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.5 of LCSH 1987, and p.4 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Alabama", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q173", "label": "Alabama"}]}, "p06c6g39d7v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1642"}, "label": "1642"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39d7v", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ireland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068093.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Irish Confederation, 1642-1648", "Kilkenny Confederation, 1642-1648"]}, "label": "Irish Confederation, 1642-1648", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Irish Confederation, 1642-1648\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bp9r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bp9r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1896-1898", "Philippine Revolution", "Insurrection, 1896-1898"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100789.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1898"}, "label": "1898"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1896"}, "label": "1896"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q928", "label": "Philippines"}], "label": "Revolution, 1896-1898", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Philippines--History--Revolution, 1896-1898\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1998.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Philippines", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3whs6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3whs6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Allied occupation, 1945-1948"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85073041.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1948"}, "label": "1948"}, "label": "Allied occupation, 1945-1948", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korea--History--Allied Occupation, 1945-1948\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.70 of LCSH 1987, and p.56 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Korea", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p06c6g36fgj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36fgj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Allied occupation, 1943-1947", "Allied occupation, Italy, 1943-1947"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068981.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1947"}, "label": "1947"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Allied occupation, 1943-1947", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italy--History--Allied occupation, 1943-1947\". Added in to LCSH in 2004; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3drk4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0138"}, "label": "138"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3drk4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antoninus Pius, 138-161"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115143.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0161"}, "label": "161"}, "label": "Antoninus Pius, 138-161", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Antoninus Pius, 138-161\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g345wk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1620"}, "label": "1620"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g345wk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New Plymouth, 1620-1691"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081926.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1691"}, "label": "1691"}, "label": "New Plymouth, 1620-1691", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Massachusetts--History--New Plymouth, 1620-1691\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.90 of LCSH 1987, and p.88 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Massachusetts", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}]}, "p06c6g37n9t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1486"}, "label": "1486"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37n9t", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009008441.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Toungoo dynasty, 1486-1752", "Taungoo dynasty, 1486-1752"]}, "label": "Toungoo dynasty, 1486-1752", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Burma--History--Toungoo dynasty, 1486-1752\". Added to LCSH in 2009, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1752"}, "label": "1752"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nzt9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nzt9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stuarts, 1603-1714", "Joint Monarchy, 1603-1707"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056789.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Stuarts, 1603-1714", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Stuarts, 1603-1714\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w3p6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w3p6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Puritan Revolution, 1642-1660"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056796.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1642"}, "label": "1642"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Puritan Revolution, 1642-1660", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Puritan Revolution, 1642-1660\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g339fj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g339fj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Count's War, 1534-1536"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036780.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1536"}, "label": "1536"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1534"}, "label": "1534"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Count's War, 1534-1536", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Count's War, 1534-1536\". Added to LCSH in 2005; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2005. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nmr4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nmr4", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bahia (Brazil)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88002544.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1837-1838"], "pt": ["Sabinada, 1837-1838"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1837-1838", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bahia (Brazil : State)--History--Revolution, 1837-1838\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 1996. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1838"}, "label": "1838"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33zh3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33zh3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Republic, 1848-1852"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051405.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1852"}, "label": "1852"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Second Republic, 1848-1852", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Second Republic, 1848-1852\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.39 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nz9t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nz9t", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belarus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004005917.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1830-1831"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1830-1831", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belarus--History--Revolution, 1830-1831\". Added to LCSH in 2004. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1831"}, "label": "1831"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hw58": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hw58", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bologna (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015437.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Papal rule, 1815-1860"]}, "label": "Papal rule, 1815-1860", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1891", "label": "Bologna"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bologna (Italy)--History--Papal rule, 1815-1860\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jcnq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jcnq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Abdul Aziz, 1861-1876"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138825.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1876"}, "label": "1876"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Abdul Aziz, 1861-1876", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Abdul Aziz, 1861-1876\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sfb5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sfb5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85143768.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Virginia--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.129 of LCSH 1987, and p.127 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Virginia", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1370", "label": "Virginia"}]}, "p06c6g3zs7x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zs7x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 2011-", "Protests, 2011-", "Rebellion, 2011-", "Revolt, 2011-", "Revolution, 2011-", "Uprising, 2011-", " Libyan Civil War", "Libyan Protests", "Libyan Rebellion", "Libyan Revolt", "Libyan Revolution", "Libyan Uprising"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2011003382.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "2015"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "2011"}, "label": "2011"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Civil War, 2011-", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Libya--History--Civil War, 2011-\". Added to LCSH in 2011, revised in 2012.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Libya", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bsfq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "ca. 1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bsfq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036527.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "label": "Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Delaware--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.26 of LCSH 1987, and p.23 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Delaware", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1393", "label": "Delaware"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zk4h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1442"}, "label": "1442"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zk4h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish rule, 1442-1707"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85089738.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1707"}, "label": "1707"}, "label": "Spanish rule, 1442-1707", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Naples (Kingdom)--History--Spanish rule, 1442-1707\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987, and p.65 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2011. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Naples (Kingdom)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2634", "label": "Naples"}]}, "p06c6g3pdgd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pdgd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1918-1920"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93007244.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1920"}, "label": "1920"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q211", "label": "Latvia"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1918-1920", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Latvia--History--War of Independence, 1918-1920\". Added to LCSH in 1993.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latvia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bpg8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bpg8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Allied occupation, 1918-1930"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054588.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1930"}, "label": "1930"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Allied occupation, 1918-1930", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Allied occupation, 1918-1930\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.44 of LCSH 1987, and p.35 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n472": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0951"}, "label": "951"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n472", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Leon ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85076018.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ordoño III, 951-956"]}, "label": "Ordoño III, 951-956", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Leon (Kingdom)--History--Ordoño III, 951-956\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0956"}, "label": "956"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gwtn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gwtn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mehmed II, 1451-1481", "Mehmet II, 1451-1481"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138806.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1481"}, "label": "1481"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1451"}, "label": "1451"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Mehmed II, 1451-1481", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Mehmed II, 1451-1481\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Mohammed II, 1451-1481\" appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nqs6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nqs6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Albert I, 1909-1934"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012986.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1934"}, "label": "1934"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1909"}, "label": "1909"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Albert I, 1909-1934", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--Albert I, 1909-1934\". Appears on p.8 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.9 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33hnv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33hnv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick II, 1544-1556"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85096972.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1556"}, "label": "1556"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1544"}, "label": "1544"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Frederick II, 1544-1556", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Palatinate (Germany)--History--Frederick II, 1544-1556\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.88 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975. Source notes Palatinate is in modern Germany.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palatinate (Germany)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xnmx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xnmx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Augustus, 30 B.C.-14 A.D"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115125.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "14 A.D."}, "label": "Augustus, 30 B.C.-14 A.D", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Augustus, 30 B.C.-14 A.D\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3m6qg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1632"}, "label": "1632"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m6qg", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131067.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christina, 1632-1654"]}, "label": "Christina, 1632-1654", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Christina, 1632-1654\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1654"}, "label": "1654"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32gm4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32gm4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Herero Revolt, 1904-1907"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85089650.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1904"}, "label": "1904"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}], "label": "Herero Revolt, 1904-1907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Namibia--History--Herero Revolt, 1904-1907\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.79 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Namibia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jk7q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1586"}, "label": "1586"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jk7q", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2011004884.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1586-1587"]}, "label": "Interregnum, 1586-1587", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Interregnum, 1586-1587\". Added to LCSH in 2011, revised in 2012. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1587"}, "label": "1587"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pwq4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pwq4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles VI, 1380-1422"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051285.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1422"}, "label": "1422"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1380"}, "label": "1380"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Charles VI, 1380-1422", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Charles VI, 1380-1422\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vcmf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vcmf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1820-1823"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126092.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1823"}, "label": "1823"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1820"}, "label": "1820"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Revolution, 1820-1823", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Revolution, 1820-1823\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fm7b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1847"}, "label": "1847"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fm7b", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Yucatán (Mexico)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85149424.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Caste War, 1847-1855", "Caste War of Yucatán, 1847-1855"], "es": ["Revolución Indígena de 1847", "Guerra de Castas, 1847-1855"]}, "label": "Caste War, 1847-1855", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Yucatán (Mexico : State)--History--Caste War, 1847-1855\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1855"}, "label": "1855"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39rgj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39rgj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander II, 1855-1881"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125800.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1881"}, "label": "1881"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1855"}, "label": "1855"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Alexander II, 1855-1881", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Alexander II, 1855-1881\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35rzs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35rzs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo-Dutch War, 1664-1667", "Anglo Dutch War, 1664-1667"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005061.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1667"}, "label": "1667"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1664"}, "label": "1664"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Anglo-Dutch War, 1664-1667", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Anglo-Dutch War, 1664-1667\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1989.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands, Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t7fp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1973"}, "label": "1973"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t7fp", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131089.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Carl XVI Gustaf, 1973-", "Carl XVI Gustav"]}, "label": "Carl XVI Gustaf, 1973-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Carl XVI Gustaf, 1973-\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2007. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cszd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cszd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nicholas II, 1894-1917"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125803.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1894"}, "label": "1894"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Nicholas II, 1894-1917", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Nicholas II, 1894-1917\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38xfb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38xfb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1789-1799", "Revolution, 1791-1794", "Revolution, 1793-1796", "Revolution, 1790-1793", "Revolution, 1789-1794", "Revolution, 1789-1791", "Revolution, 1789-1796", "Revolution, 1791-1797", "Revolution, 1790-1792", "Revolution, 1790-1794", "Revolution, 1792-1795", "Revolution, 1793-1798", "Revolution, 1792-1793", "Revolution, 1791-1792", "Revolution, 1792-1797", "Revolution, 1794-1796", "Revolution, 1793-1797", "Revolution, 1789-1795", "Revolution, 1793-1795", "Revolution, 1789-1790", "Revolution, 1792-1799", "Revolution, 1792-1794", "Revolution, 1792-1796", "Revolution, 1794-1795", "Revolution, 1789-1797", "Revolution, 1791-1796 ", "Revolution, 1789-1792", "Revolution, 1794-1797", "Revolution, 1793-1799", "French Revolution, France, 1789-1799"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051319.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1799"}, "label": "1799"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Revolution, 1789-1799", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. Multiple \"Earlier Established Forms\" indicate some disagreement about the date range of the historical event.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qnnw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1838"}, "label": "1838"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qnnw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Maranhão (Brazil)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93009361.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Balaiada Revolt, 1838-1841"], "pt": ["Revolução dos Balaios, 1838-1841"]}, "label": "Balaiada Revolt, 1838-1841", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Maranhão (Brazil)--History--Balaiada Revolt, 1838-1841\". Added to LCSH in 1993, revised in 1994. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1841"}, "label": "1841"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zpzd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zpzd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry II, 1002-1024"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054532.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1024"}, "label": "1024"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1002"}, "label": "1002"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Henry II, 1002-1024", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Henry II, 1002-1024\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gtwq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gtwq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["An Lushan Rebellion, 755-763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024060.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0763"}, "label": "763"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0755"}, "label": "755"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "An Lushan Rebellion, 755-763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--An Lushan Rebellion, 755-763\". Added to LCSH in 2000; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gvtd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gvtd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2016001598.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cuneo (Italy : Province)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2016.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cuneo (Italy : Province)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ncbq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ncbq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand I, 1887-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85017877.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1887"}, "label": "1887"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "Ferdinand I, 1887-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bulgaria--History--Ferdinand I, 1887-1918\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.13 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1992. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35b8r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35b8r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lancaster and York, 1399-1485"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056765.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1399"}, "label": "1399"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Lancaster and York, 1399-1485", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Edward I, 1272-1307\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33k6j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33k6j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Republic, 1792-1804", "Revolution, 1797-1802"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95000881.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1804"}, "label": "1804"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1792"}, "label": "1792"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "First Republic, 1792-1804", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--First Republic, 1792-1804\". Added to LCSH in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sm95": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sm95", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85071823.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}], "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kazakhstan--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1997.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kazakhstan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g5t7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1766"}, "label": "1766"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g5t7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian VII, 1766-1808"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092670.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "label": "Christian VII, 1766-1808", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Christian VII, 1766-1808\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3gm7j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gm7j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry III, 1216-1272"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056753.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1272"}, "label": "1272"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1216"}, "label": "1216"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Henry III, 1216-1272", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Henry III, 1216-1272\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3txzb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3txzb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gustav I Vasa, 1523-1560", "Gustavus I Vasa"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131059.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1560"}, "label": "1560"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1523"}, "label": "1523"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Gustav I Vasa, 1523-1560", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Gustav I Vasa, 1523-1560\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.112 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3j9qs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3j9qs", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064929.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Waziristan Campaign, 1919-1920"]}, "label": "Waziristan Campaign, 1919-1920", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"India--History--Waziristan Campaign, 1919-1920\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2006.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1920"}, "label": "1920"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38zkr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38zkr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1943-1945", "German occupation, Italy, 1943-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068980.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "German occupation, 1943-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italy--History--German occupation, 1943-1945\". Added in to LCSH in 2004; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38mcd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1297"}, "label": "1297"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38mcd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Aragonese and Spanish rule, 1297-1708"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85117542.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1708"}, "label": "1708"}, "label": "Aragonese and Spanish rule, 1297-1708", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sardinia--History--Aragonese and Spanish rule, 1297-1708\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.101 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}]}, "p06c6g3skhn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3skhn", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009008443.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ava kingdom, ca. 1600-1752", "Ava kingdom, Burma, ca. 1600-1752"]}, "label": "Ava kingdom, ca. 1600-1752", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Burma--History--Ava kingdom, ca. 1600-1752\". Added to LCSH in 2009, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1752"}, "label": "1752"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36kdz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36kdz", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Albania", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88000360.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peasant Uprising, 1914-1915"]}, "label": "Peasant Uprising, 1914-1915", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Albania--History--Peasant Uprising, 1914-1915\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 1994. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1915"}, "label": "1915"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3j8p8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3j8p8", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Prussia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85108077.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1848-1849"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1848-1849", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Prussia (Germany)--History--Revolution, 1848-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bktf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bktf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick II, 1215-1250"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061600.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1250"}, "label": "1250"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1215"}, "label": "1215"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Frederick II, 1215-1250", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Frederick II, 1215-1250\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35vgf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "1713"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35vgf", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Finland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002005455.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Russian occupation, 1713-1721", "Great Hate, Finland, 1713-1721", "Great Wrath, Finland, 1713-1721", "Russian occupation, Finland, 1713-1721"]}, "label": "Russian occupation, 1713-1721", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q33", "label": "Finland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Finland--History--Russian occupation, 1713-1721\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1721"}, "label": "1721"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p3g3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0509"}, "label": "510 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p3g3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republic, 510-30 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115114.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 B.C."}, "label": "Republic, 510-30 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Republic, 510-30 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17167", "label": "Roman Republic"}]}, "p06c6g37rfs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0306"}, "label": "306"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37rfs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantines, 306-363"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115162.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0363"}, "label": "363"}, "label": "Constantines, 306-363", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Constantines, 306-363\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3t6jb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t6jb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick III, 1440-1493"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054554.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1493"}, "label": "1493"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1440"}, "label": "1440"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Frederick III, 1440-1493", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Frederick III, 1440-1493\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cwkw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1831"}, "label": "1831"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cwkw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chota Nāgpur (India)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024993.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection, 1831-1832", "Kol Insurrection, 1831-1832"]}, "label": "Insurrection, 1831-1832", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Chota Nāgpur (India)--History--Insurrection, 1831-1832\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1996. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1832"}, "label": "1832"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cdgd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cdgd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Franconian House, 1024-1125"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054534.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1024"}, "label": "1024"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Franconian House, 1024-1125", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Franconian House, 1024-1125\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33867": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1948"}, "label": "1948"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33867", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Israel, Palestine", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068706.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Israel-Arab War, 1948-1949", "Arab-Israel War, 1948-1949", "War of Independence, 1948-1949", "Jewish-Arab War, 1948-1949", "Palestine War, 1948-1949"]}, "label": "Israel-Arab War, 1948-1949", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Israel-Arab War, 1948-1949\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1997.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1949"}, "label": "1949"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jkxn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jkxn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1914-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012987.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "German occupation, 1914-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--German occupation, 1914-1918\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zsbt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zsbt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of the Italian Kings, 887-962"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068944.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0962"}, "label": "962"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0887"}, "label": "887"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Period of the Italian Kings, 887-962", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italy--History--Period of the Italian Kings, 887-962\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 63 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38t6g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38t6g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Liao dynasty, 947-1125"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024064.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0947"}, "label": "947"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Liao dynasty, 947-1125", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Liao dynasty, 947-1125\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3phx2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3phx2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edward VI, 1547-1553"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056780.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1553"}, "label": "1553"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1547"}, "label": "1547"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Edward VI, 1547-1553", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Edward VI, 1547-1553\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qmc9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1249"}, "label": "1249"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qmc9", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91000600.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander III, 1249-1286"]}, "label": "Alexander III, 1249-1286", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Alexander III, 1249-1286\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1286"}, "label": "1286"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rtrb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rtrb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frontier Wars, 1811-1878", "Kafir Wars, 1811-1878", "Kaffir Wars, 1811-1878", "Xhosa Wars, 1811-1878"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125476.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1811"}, "label": "1811"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "Frontier Wars, 1811-1878", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Africa, South--History--Kafir Wars, 1811-1878\". Added to the LCSH in 1986; appears on p.1 of LCSH 1975; revised in 2011. The current version of the LCSH uses \"Frontier Wars\" as the preferred variant, so we have changed this record to correspond to the online version.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Africa", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3trxq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3trxq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of 1689-1691"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068009.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1691"}, "label": "1691"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1689"}, "label": "1689"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "label": "War of 1689-1691", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ireland--History--War of 1689-1691\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.61 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2006. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ireland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35w6b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35w6b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spring and Autumn period, 722-481 B.C.", "Annals period, 722-481 B.C.", "Chʻun Chʻiu period, 722-481 B.C."]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024037.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0480"}, "label": "481 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0721"}, "label": "722 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Spring and Autumn period, 722-481 B.C.", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Spring and Autumn period, 722-481 B.C.\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.19 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tks8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1975"}, "label": "1975"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tks8", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Angola", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005115.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["South African Invasion, 1975-1976"]}, "label": "South African Invasion, 1975-1976", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Angola--History--South African Invasion, 1975-1976\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1976"}, "label": "1976"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p8nt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1664"}, "label": "1664"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p8nt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Great Plague, London, England, 1664-1666", "Great Plague of London"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006003366.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1666"}, "label": "1666"}, "label": "Great Plague, London, England, 1664-1666", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Plague, London, England, 1664-1666\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "London (England)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q84", "label": "London"}]}, "p06c6g3xnv2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xnv2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taranaki War, 1860-1861", "Taranaki War"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh92000350.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q664", "label": "New Zealand"}], "label": "Taranaki War, 1860-1861", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New Zealand--History--Taranaki War, 1860-1861\". Added to LCSH in 1992, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New Zealand", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fz6m": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fz6m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Kingdom, ca. 2180-ca. 1551 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010012743.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1550"}, "label": "ca. 1551 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2179"}, "label": "ca. 2180 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Middle Kingdom, ca. 2180-ca. 1551 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Middle Kingdom, ca. 2180-ca. 1551 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 2010. The bibliographic notes suggest that the dates are derived from the end date for the Old Kingdom and the start date of the New Kingdom.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3237z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3237z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1955-1972", "First Sudanese Civil War, 1955-1972", "Sudanese Civil War, Sudan, 1955-1972", "Anyanya Rebellion, 1955-1972", "Southern Sudan question, 1955-1972"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85129609.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1972"}, "label": "1972"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1955"}, "label": "1955"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "label": "Civil War, 1955-1972", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sudan--History--Civil War, 1955-1972\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2011.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sudan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sp5g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0079"}, "label": "79"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sp5g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Titus, 79-81"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115138.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0081"}, "label": "81"}, "label": "Titus, 79-81", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Titus, 79-81\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3cb7s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cb7s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leo V, 813-820"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97008774.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0820"}, "label": "820"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0813"}, "label": "813"}, "label": "Leo V, 813-820", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Leo V, 813-820\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in 1998.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3px77": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3px77", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry VIII, 1509-1547"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056779.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1547"}, "label": "1547"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1509"}, "label": "1509"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Henry VIII, 1509-1547", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Henry VIII, 1509-1547\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3798x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1986"}, "label": "1986"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3798x", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iraq", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006006672.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anfal Campaign, 1986-1989", "Al-Anfal Campaign, 1986-1989", "Anfal Tragedy, 1986-1989", "Enfal Campaign, 1986-1989", "Operation Anfal, 1986-1989"]}, "label": "Anfal Campaign, 1986-1989", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Anfal Campaign, Iraq, 1986-1989\". Added to LCSH in 2006, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1989"}, "label": "1989"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rxn7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rxn7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theodosius II, 408-450"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018486.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "450"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0408"}, "label": "408"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Theodosius II, 408-450", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Theodosius II, 408-450\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m9rj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m9rj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick V, 1610-1623"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85096974.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1623"}, "label": "1623"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1610"}, "label": "1610"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Frederick V, 1610-1623", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Palatinate (Germany)--History--Frederick V, 1610-1623\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.88 of LCSH 1987, and p.74 of LCSH 1975. Source notes Palatinate is in modern Germany.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palatinate (Germany)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bfqh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bfqh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Weimar Republic, 1918-1933"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054589.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1933"}, "label": "1933"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Weimar Republic, 1918-1933", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--1918-1933\". Added to LCSH in  1986, revised in 2003. Variant label used as primary, since it uses a name as well as a date range to define the period.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35j9m": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1565"}, "label": "1565"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35j9m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish colony, 1565-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85049228.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "label": "Spanish colony, 1565-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Florida--History--Spanish colony, 1565-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.35 of LCSH 1987, and p.27 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida ", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}]}, "p06c6g3dnzk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dnzk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Northern and Southern dynasties, 386-589"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024051.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0589"}, "label": "589"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0386"}, "label": "386"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Northern and Southern dynasties, 386-589", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Northern and Southern dynasties, 386-589\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.19 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pq8x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pq8x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Albert I, 1298-1308"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054548.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1308"}, "label": "1308"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1298"}, "label": "1298"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Albert I, 1298-1308", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Albert I, 1298-1308\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39njc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39njc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick IV, 1699-1730"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036789.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1730"}, "label": "1730"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1699"}, "label": "1699"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Frederick IV, 1699-1730", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Frederick IV, 1699-1730\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36zdt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1134"}, "label": "1134"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36zdt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009007557.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ramiro II, 1134-1137"]}, "label": "Ramiro II, 1134-1137", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Ramiro II, 1134-1137\". Added to LCSH in 2009, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1137"}, "label": "1137"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g94b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1955"}, "label": "1955"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g94b", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99004440.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War for Union with Greece, 1955-1959", "War for Enosis, 1955-1959", "War of Independence, 1955-1959"]}, "label": "War for Union with Greece, 1955-1959", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cyprus--History--War for Union with Greece, 1955-1959\". Added to LCSH in 1999, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1959"}, "label": "1959"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n6hw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n6hw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Austria, 1516-1700"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126077.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1516"}, "label": "1516"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "House of Austria, 1516-1700", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--House of Austria, 1516-1700\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1997.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39m4j": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39m4j", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Epirus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86003561.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Despotate, 1204-1318"]}, "label": "Despotate, 1204-1318", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Epirus (Greece and Albania)--History--Despotate, 1204-1318\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1318"}, "label": "1318"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36876": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36876", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tripolitan War, 1801-1805", "Barbary War", "Tripoline War"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1805"}, "label": "1805"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Tripolitan War, 1801-1805", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--Tripolitan War, 1801-1805\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 122 of LCSH 1986 and p.103 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2011. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140191.html", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rhd2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rhd2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pastry War, 1838-1839"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98001614.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1838"}, "label": "1838"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Pastry War, 1838-1839", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pastry War, 1838-1839\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico, France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35jz8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35jz8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexius I Comnenus, 1081-1118"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018501.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1118"}, "label": "1118"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1081"}, "label": "1081"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Alexius I Comnenus, 1081-1118", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Alexius I Comnenus, 1081-1118\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q7wv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q7wv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1905-1907", "Revolution of 1905"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85077628.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}], "label": "Revolution, 1905-1907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lithuania--History--Revolution, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1993.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lithuania", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c3nj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c3nj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1830-1832"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104071.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1832"}, "label": "1832"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Revolution, 1830-1832", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Revolution, 1830-1832\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.94 of LCSH 1987, and p.79 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gdpt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gdpt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tudors, 1485-1603"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056776.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Tudors, 1485-1603", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Tudors, 1485-1603\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vnhm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1205"}, "label": "1205"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vnhm", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Athens", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91001596.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Duchy, 1205-1458"]}, "label": "Duchy, 1205-1458", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Athens (Greece)--History--Duchy, 1205-1458\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1994.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1458"}, "label": "1458"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xt3s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1474"}, "label": "1474"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xt3s", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91004079.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Venetian rule, 1474-1570"]}, "label": "Venetian rule, 1474-1570", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cyprus--History--Venetian rule, 1474-1570\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1570"}, "label": "1570"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37bc4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1744"}, "label": "1744"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37bc4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["King George's War, 1744-1748"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85113726.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1748"}, "label": "1748"}, "label": "King George's War, 1744-1748", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rhode Island--History--King George's War, 1744-1748\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.97 of LCSH 1987, and p.95 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rhode Island", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1387", "label": "Rhode Island"}]}, "p06c6g3tw9f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tw9f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lothair II, 1125-1137", "Lothar III, 1125-1137"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061594.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1137"}, "label": "1137"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Lothair II, 1125-1137", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Lothair II, 1125-1137\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2014.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g25s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g25s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso XIII, 1886-1931"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126100.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1931"}, "label": "1931"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1886"}, "label": "1886"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Alfonso XIII, 1886-1931", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Alfonso XIII, 1886-1931\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.110 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2006. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hndh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hndh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pedro II, 1683-1706", "Peter II, 1683-1706"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105275.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1706"}, "label": "1706"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1683"}, "label": "1683"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Pedro II, 1683-1706", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Pedro II, 1683-1706\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g357gr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0337"}, "label": "337"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g357gr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantius II, 337-361"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115164.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0361"}, "label": "361"}, "label": "Constantius II, 337-361", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Constantius II, 337-361\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g376tw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1368"}, "label": "1368"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g376tw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ming dynasty, 1368-1644"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024072.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1644"}, "label": "1644"}, "label": "Ming dynasty, 1368-1644", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Ming dynasty, 1368-1644\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2014. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}]}, "p06c6g3g5jt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g5jt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gustav V, 1907-1950", "Gustavus V"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131086.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1950"}, "label": "1950"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Gustav V, 1907-1950", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Gustav V, 1907-1950\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.113 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3d6jn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3d6jn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1975-1990"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85075636.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1990"}, "label": "1990"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1975"}, "label": "1975"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "label": "Civil War, 1975-1990", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lebanon--History--Civil War, 1975-1990\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1998.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lebanon", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p8tb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p8tb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boleslaus III, 1102-1138"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104025.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1138"}, "label": "1138"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1102"}, "label": "1102"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Boleslaus III, 1102-1138", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Boleslaus III, 1102-1138\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g359b4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g359b4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Saxon House, 919-1024", "Ottonian emperors", "Ottonian House", "Saxon emperors", "Saxony, House of"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061585.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1024"}, "label": "1024"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0919"}, "label": "919"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Saxon House, 919-1024", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Saxon House, 919-1024\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.55 of LCSH 1987, and p.44 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hswp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hswp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005004638.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vicenza (Italy : Province)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1945\". ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vicenza (Italy : Province)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gfns": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gfns", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Three Years War, 1083-1087"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069448.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1087"}, "label": "1087"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1083"}, "label": "1083"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Later Three Years War, 1083-1087", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Later Three Years War, 1083-1087\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dhx8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dhx8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British occupation, 1765-1947"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064915.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1947"}, "label": "1947"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1765"}, "label": "1765"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "label": "British occupation, 1765-1947", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"India--History--British occupation, 1765-1947\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.58 of LCSH 1987, and p.47 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38j8z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38j8z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Danilo I, 1851-1860"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91003818.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1851"}, "label": "1851"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}], "label": "Danilo I, 1851-1860", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Montenegro--History--Danilo I, 1851-1860\". Added to LCSH in 1991.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Montenegro", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hqms": {"start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}, "label": "1754, 1755"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hqms", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85031163.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Connecticut--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.24 of LCSH 1987, and p.20 of LCSH 1975; revised in 2012.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Connecticut", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q779", "label": "Connecticut"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dtxk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1895"}, "label": "1895"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dtxk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cuba", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034571.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1895-1898"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1895-1898", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cuba--History--Revolution, 1895-1898\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1898"}, "label": "1898"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n2mr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n2mr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nama Revolt, 1904-1908"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00008297.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1908"}, "label": "1908"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1904"}, "label": "1904"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}], "label": "Nama Revolt, 1904-1908", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Namibia--History--Nama Revolt, 1904-1908\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in 2001.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Namibia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kxpd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1937"}, "label": "1937"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kxpd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1937-1939"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005003438.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1937-1939", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Barcelona (Spain)--History--Bombardment, 1937-1939\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Barcelona (Spain)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1492", "label": "Barcelona"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37jvs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1010"}, "label": "1010"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37jvs", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96005591.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lý dynasty, 1010-1225", "Later Lý dynasty, 1010-1225"]}, "label": "Lý dynasty, 1010-1225", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Lý dynasty, 1010-1225\". Added to LCSH in 1996, revised in 1997.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1225"}, "label": "1225"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mgj3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "ca. 1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mgj3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85099522.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "label": "Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pennsylvania--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 90 of LCSH 1987, and p.88 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pennsylvania", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1400", "label": "Pennsylvania"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bh86": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bh86", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ahmed III, 1703-1730"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138815.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1730"}, "label": "1730"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1703"}, "label": "1703"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Ahmed III, 1703-1730", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Ahmed III, 1703-1730\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sgkg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sgkg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Justin II, 565-578"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86004788.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0578"}, "label": "578"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0565"}, "label": "565"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Justin II, 565-578", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Justin II, 565-578\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3j7k4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0308"}, "label": "308"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3j7k4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Conference of Carnuntum, 308", "Carnuntum Conference, Rome, 308", "Conference of Carnuntum, Rome, 308"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115163.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0308"}, "label": "308"}, "label": "Conference of Carnuntum, 308", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Conference of Carnuntum, 308\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}]}, "p06c6g3m8jh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m8jh", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85111862.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Reconstruction, 1865-1877", "Carpetbag rule, 1865-1877"]}, "label": "Reconstruction, 1865-1877", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2009. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1877"}, "label": "1877"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hnhd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hnhd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064305.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Illinois--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.57 of LCSH 1987, and p.55 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Illinois", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1204", "label": "Illinois"}]}, "p06c6g37msq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37msq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sigismund II Augustus, 1548-1572"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104039.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1572"}, "label": "1572"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1548"}, "label": "1548"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Sigismund II Augustus, 1548-1572", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Sigismund II Augustus, 1548-1572\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g353ph": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g353ph", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William and Mary, 1689-1702"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056806.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1702"}, "label": "1702"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1689"}, "label": "1689"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "William and Mary, 1689-1702", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--William and Mary, 1689-1702\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38bnp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0081"}, "label": "81"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38bnp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Domitian, 81-96"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115139.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "96"}, "label": "Domitian, 81-96", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Domitian, 81-96\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3zhjj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zhjj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vladislaus IV Sigismund, 1632-1648"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104047.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1632"}, "label": "1632"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Vladislaus IV Sigismund, 1632-1648", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Vladislaus IV Sigismund, 1632-1648\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tfpb": {"id": "p06c6g3tfpb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001008868.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ming-Qing dynasties, 1368-1912\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2006.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1368"}, "label": "1368"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ming-Qing dynasties, 1368-1912", "Ming-Chʻing dynasties"]}, "label": "Ming-Qing dynasties, 1368-1912", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "note": "Period used explicitly with respect to art: \"Use as a chronological subdivision under headings for art forms qualified by the adjective Chinese.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35q9w": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35q9w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ṣafavid dynasty, 1501-1736", "Ṣafavid dynasty"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96007363.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1736"}, "label": "1736"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1501"}, "label": "1501"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Ṣafavid dynasty, 1501-1736", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iran--History--Ṣafavid dynasty, 1501-1736\". Added to LCSH in 1996, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iran", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33gpw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33gpw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Empire, 30 B.C.-476 A.D"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115128.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476 A.D."}, "label": "Empire, 30 B.C.-476 A.D", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Empire, 30 B.C.-476 A.D\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3wfdd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wfdd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Milan Obrenović, 1868-1889"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85120171.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1889"}, "label": "1889"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}], "label": "Milan Obrenović, 1868-1889", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Serbia--History--Milan Obrenović, 1868-1889\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37gfq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0968"}, "label": "968"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37gfq", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99002922.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Đinh dynasty, 968-980"], "vi": ["Nhà Đinh, 968-980", "Triêù Đinh, 968-980"]}, "label": "Đinh dynasty, 968-980", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Đinh dynasty, 968-980\". Added to LCSH in 1999, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0980"}, "label": "980"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q2kw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q2kw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bundschuh Insurrections, 1493-1517", "Peasants' War, 1493-1517"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85017999.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1517"}, "label": "1517"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1493"}, "label": "1493"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Bundschuh Insurrections, 1493-1517", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bundschuh Insurrections, 1493-1517\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1989.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fmhp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fmhp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85094297.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ohio River Valley--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.87 of LCSH 1987, and p.85 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ohio", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1397", "label": "Ohio"}]}, "p06c6g362kk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g362kk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905", "War with Russia, 1904-1905", "Japanese-Russian War, 1904-1905", "War with Japan, 1904-1905"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85116039.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1904"}, "label": "1904"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan, Russia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gk2s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gk2s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Selim III, 1789-1807"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138820.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1807"}, "label": "1807"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Selim III, 1789-1807", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Selim III, 1789-1807\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bvxd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bvxd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Catherine I, 1725-1727"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125787.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1727"}, "label": "1727"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1725"}, "label": "1725"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Catherine I, 1725-1727", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Catherine I, 1725-1727\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2005.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vwft": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vwft", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Elizabeth, 1741-1762"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125791.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1762"}, "label": "1762"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1741"}, "label": "1741"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Elizabeth, 1741-1762", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Elizabeth, 1741-1762\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3924d": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3924d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Carlist War, 1873-1876"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126098.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1876"}, "label": "1876"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1873"}, "label": "1873"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Carlist War, 1873-1876", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Carlist War, 1873-1876\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.110 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3863w": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3863w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfred, 871-899"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056733.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0899"}, "label": "899"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0871"}, "label": "871"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Alfred, 871-899", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Alfred, 871-899\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.47 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jffg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jffg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New Zealand Wars, 1860-1872", "Land Wars", "Maori Wars"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002001354.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1872"}, "label": "1872"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q664", "label": "New Zealand"}], "label": "New Zealand Wars, 1860-1872", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New Zealand--History--New Zealand Wars, 1860-1872\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New Zealand", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dfbp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dfbp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sancho II, 1223-1248"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105251.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1248"}, "label": "1248"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1223"}, "label": "1223"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Sancho II, 1223-1248", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Sancho II, 1223-1248\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xrht": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1683"}, "label": "1683"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xrht", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria, Turkey", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009769.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Austro-Turkish War, 1683-1699", "War with Turkey, 1683-1699", "War with Austria, 1683-1699"]}, "label": "Austro-Turkish War, 1683-1699", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austro-Turkish War, 1683-1699\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1699"}, "label": "1699"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g352dv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g352dv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wenzel, 1378-1400"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054552.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1378"}, "label": "1378"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Wenzel, 1378-1400", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Wenzel, 1378-1400\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3njzc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/tr", "id": "p06c6g3njzc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89003917.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Reorganization, 1839-1876"], "tr": ["Tanzimat, 1839-1876"]}, "label": "Tanzimat, 1839-1876", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Tanzimat, 1839-1876\". Added to LCSH in 1989, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1876"}, "label": "1876"}, "languageTag": "tr"}, "p06c6g3gxfn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gxfn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolt of Civilis, 69-70", "Civilis' Revolt, Rome, 69-70"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115135.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0070"}, "label": "70"}, "label": "Revolt of Civilis, 69-70", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Revolt of Civilis, 69-70\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3pjwz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pjwz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso VIII, 1158-1214"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020675.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1214"}, "label": "1214"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1158"}, "label": "1158"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "label": "Alfonso VIII, 1158-1214", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Alfonso VIII, 1158-1214\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pcc8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1189"}, "label": "1189"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pcc8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Crusade, 1189-1192", "Crusades--Third, 1189-1192"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034383.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1192"}, "label": "1192"}, "label": "Third Crusade, 1189-1192", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crusades--Third, 1189-1192\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1999. The variant label \"Third Crusades\" has been used as the primary label for the sake of clarity. Spatial coverage inferred from the historical record.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, Anatolia, Levant", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q51614", "label": "Anatolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}]}, "p06c6g364g7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g364g7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Justinian II, 685-695"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98006050.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0695"}, "label": "695"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0685"}, "label": "685"}, "label": "Justinian II, 685-695", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Justinian II, 685-695\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in same year. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3stdk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3stdk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Azerbaijan", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86005376.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1905-1907"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1905-1907", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Azerbaijan--History--Revolution, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1992. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3627m": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3627m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otto IV, 1198-1215"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061599.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1215"}, "label": "1215"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1198"}, "label": "1198"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Otto IV, 1198-1215", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Otto IV, 1198-1215\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p33s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p33s", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85106421.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Schism, 1837-1870"]}, "label": "Schism, 1837-1870", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.--History--Schism, 1837-1870\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1870"}, "label": "1870"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hjt9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hjt9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Macedonian Expansion, 359-323 B.C", "Macedonian Expansion, Greece, 359-323 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057087.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0358"}, "label": "359 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Macedonian Expansion, 359-323 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Macedonian Expansion, 359-323 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t252": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1762"}, "label": "1762"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t252", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British occupation, 1762-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034563.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "label": "British occupation, 1762-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cuba--History--British Occupation, 1762-1763\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.25 of LCSH 1987, and on p.19 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cuba", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}]}, "p06c6g3f3dw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f3dw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hova rule, 1810-1885"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85079498.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1885"}, "label": "1885"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1019", "label": "Madagascar"}], "label": "Hova rule, 1810-1885", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Madagascar--History--Hova rule, 1810-1885\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.74 of LCSH 1987, and p.60 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Madagascar", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m4tt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m4tt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman period, 218 B.C.-414 A.D"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126072.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0414"}, "label": "414 A.D."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0217"}, "label": "218 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Roman period, 218 B.C.-414 A.D", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Roman period, 218 B.C.-414 A.D\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37nvk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37nvk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125558.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"South Carolina--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.105 of LCSH 1987, and p.102 of LCSH 1975", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Carolina", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1456", "label": "South Carolina"}]}, "p06c6g3p9cq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p9cq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mehmed IV, 1648-1687", "Mohammed IV, 1648-1687"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138812.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1687"}, "label": "1687"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Mehmed IV, 1648-1687", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Mehmed IV, 1648-1687\". Added to LCSH in 1986 Alternate label \"Mohammed IV, 1648-1687\" appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3v6tw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v6tw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhou dynasty, 1122-221 B.C.", "Chou dynasty, 1122-221 B.C. "]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024035.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0220"}, "label": "221 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1121"}, "label": "1122 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Zhou dynasty, 1122-221 B.C.", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Zhou dynasty, 1122-221 B.C.\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate lable \"Chou dynasty, 1122-221 B.C.\" appears on p.19 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.12 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2000. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3264v": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1859"}, "label": "1859"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3264v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles IV, 1859-1872"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092676.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1872"}, "label": "1872"}, "label": "Charles IV, 1859-1872", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Charles IV, 1859-1872\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3zpmf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zpmf", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnesus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85099298.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Venetian Settlements, 1204-1715"]}, "label": "Venetian Settlements, 1204-1715", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Peloponnesus (Greece : Peninsula)--History--Venetian Settlements, 1204-1715\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2012. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1715"}, "label": "1715"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34wtf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34wtf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mary Stuart, 1542-1567"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118845.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1542"}, "label": "1542"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "Mary Stuart, 1542-1567", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Mary Stuart, 1542-1567\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3z2rx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z2rx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edward I, 1272-1307"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056754.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1307"}, "label": "1307"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1272"}, "label": "1272"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Edward I, 1272-1307", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Edward I, 1272-1307\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dxqk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dxqk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mieszko I, 960-992"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104018.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0992"}, "label": "992"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Mieszko I, 960-992", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Mieszko I, 960-992\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gzt6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gzt6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lothair II, 1125-1137", "Lothar III, 1125-1137"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054538.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1137"}, "label": "1137"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Lothair II, 1125-1137", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Lothair II, 1125-1137\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Lothar II, 1125-1137\" appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975. In the online LCSH, the label is \"Lothar III\". Revised in 2014. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mbx9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1503"}, "label": "1503"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mbx9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Julius II, 1503-1513"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097561.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1513"}, "label": "1513"}, "label": "Julius II, 1503-1513", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papal States--History--Julius II, 1503-1513\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.88 of LCSH 1987, and p.75 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}]}, "p06c6g3crgz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3crgz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wars of the Roses, 1455-1485"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056769.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1455"}, "label": "1455"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Wars of the Roses, 1455-1485", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Wars of the Roses, 1455-1485\". Added to LCSH in 2003. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nb24": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nb24", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024096.html", "localizedLabels": {"zh-Latn": ["Tzu-chʻiang yün tung, 1861-1895", "Yang-wu yün tung, 1861-1895"], "en": ["Self strengthening movement, 1861-1895"]}, "label": "Self strengthening movement, 1861-1895", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Self strengthening movement, 1861-1895\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1895"}, "label": "1895"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qshr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1562"}, "label": "1562"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qshr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Huguenot colony, 1562-1565"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85049227.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1565"}, "label": "1565"}, "label": "Huguenot colony, 1562-1565", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Florida--History--Huguenot colony, 1562-1565\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.35 of LCSH 1987, and p.27 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida ", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}]}, "p06c6g3cjqh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cjqh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Waldemar IV, 1340-1375"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036776.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1375"}, "label": "1375"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1340"}, "label": "1340"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "label": "Waldemar IV, 1340-1375", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Waldemar IV, 1340-1375\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kb9q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1788"}, "label": "1788"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kb9q", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98007803.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tây Sơn dynasty, 1788-1802", "Tây Sơn dynasty, 1788-1802"]}, "label": "Tây Sơn dynasty, 1788-1802", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Tây Sơn dynasty, 1788-1802\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in 1999.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1802"}, "label": "1802"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rsr3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1580"}, "label": "1580"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rsr3", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105271.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern, 1580-"]}, "label": "Modern, 1580-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Modern, 1580-\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vr9m": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vr9m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Contestado Insurrection, 1912-1916", "Contestado Insurrection"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85016570.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "Contestado Insurrection, 1912-1916", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Brazil--History--Contestado Insurrection, 1912-1916\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cxcd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1867"}, "label": "1867"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cxcd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95009319.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bảy Thưa Uprising, 1867-1873"]}, "label": "Bảy Thưa Uprising, 1867-1873", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Bảy Thưa Uprising, 1867-1873\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1873"}, "label": "1873"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dstf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dstf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Valentinian III, 425-455"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2003004366.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0455"}, "label": "455"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0425"}, "label": "425"}, "label": "Valentinian III, 425-455", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Valentinian III, 425-455\". Added to LCSH in 2003, revised in same year. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3m7xh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1846"}, "label": "1846"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m7xh", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh94003598.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1846-1847", "Patuleia Civil War, 1846-1847", "Patuleia Revolt, 1846-1847"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1846-1847", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Civil War, 1846-1847\". Added to LCSH in 1994, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1847"}, "label": "1847"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nnfp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nnfp", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Baltic States", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009008212.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Soviet occupation, 1939-1941", "Soviet occupation of the Baltic States, 1939-1941"]}, "label": "Soviet occupation, 1939-1941", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q211", "label": "Latvia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Baltic States--History--Soviet occupation, 1939-1941\". Added to LCSH in 2009, revised in 2010. Spatial coverage extent inferred from common use of term \"Baltic States\" as shorthand for Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q75n": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1784"}, "label": "1784"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q75n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish colony, 1784-1821"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85049231.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1821"}, "label": "1821"}, "label": "Spanish colony, 1784-1821", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Florida--History--Spanish colony, 1784-1821. Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.35 of LCSH 1987, and p.27 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida ", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}]}, "p06c6g3v9qs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v9qs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1944-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97004829.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1944-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Liège (Belgium)--History--Bombardment, 1944-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Liège (Belgium)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3992", "label": "Liège"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mrht": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mrht", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85031167.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Connecticut--History--Civil War\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.24 of LCSH 1987, and p.20 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Connecticut", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q779", "label": "Connecticut"}]}, "p06c6g3brgr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3brgr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bourbons, 1589-1789"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051301.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1589"}, "label": "1589"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Bourbons, 1589-1789", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Bourbons, 1589-1789\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f338": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1863"}, "label": "1863"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f338", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1863-1864"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003758.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1864"}, "label": "1864"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1863-1864", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Shimonoseki-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1863-1864\". Added to LCSH in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Shimonoseki-shi (Japan)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g364hh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1893"}, "label": "1893"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g364hh", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85114160.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Federalist Revolution, 1893-1895", "Maragatos' War, 1893-1895", "Civil War, 1893-1895", "Federalist Revolt, 1893-1895"], "pt": ["Maragatada, 1893-1895"]}, "label": "Federalist Revolution, 1893-1895", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil : State)--History--Federalist Revolution, 1893-1895\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1895"}, "label": "1895"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zgxj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zgxj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso XI, 1312-1350"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020681.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1350"}, "label": "1350"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1312"}, "label": "1312"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "label": "Alfonso XI, 1312-1350", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Alfonso XI, 1312-1350\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pvr5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pvr5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Under Mediation act, 1803-1814"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131325.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1803"}, "label": "1803"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}], "label": "Under Mediation act, 1803-1814", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Switzerland--History--Under Mediation act, 1803-1814\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.114 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Switzerland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g6vr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g6vr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1902-1903"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142673.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1903"}, "label": "1903"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1902"}, "label": "1902"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}], "label": "Revolution, 1902-1903", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Venezuela--History--Revolution, 1902-1903\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.106 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Venezuela", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tvgn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tvgn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85049230.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Florida--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.35 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida ", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}]}, "p06c6g367v8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g367v8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manuel I, 1495-1521", "Manuel"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105265.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "1521"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1495"}, "label": "1495"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Manuel I, 1495-1521", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Manuel I, 1495-1521\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b356": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b356", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88002795.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mehmed VI, 1918-1922"]}, "label": "Mehmed VI, 1918-1922", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Mehmed VI, 1918-1922\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1922"}, "label": "1922"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35g22": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35g22", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sigismund, 1411-1437"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054553.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1437"}, "label": "1437"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1411"}, "label": "1411"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Sigismund, 1411-1437", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Sigismund, 1411-1437\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w6nn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1462"}, "label": "1462"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w6nn", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Catalonia (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008007386.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1462-1472"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1462-1472", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5705", "label": "Catalonia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Catalonia (Spain)--History--Civil War, 1462-1472\". Added to LCSH in 2008, revised in 2012.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1472"}, "label": "1472"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f8wc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1536"}, "label": "1536"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f8wc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vaud (Switzerland)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00005219.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bernese rule, 1536-1798"]}, "label": "Bernese rule, 1536-1798", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vaud (Switzerland)--History--Bernese rule, 1536-1798\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in 2004. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1798"}, "label": "1798"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rj57": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rj57", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of 1912-1913", "Turco-Balkan War"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85011199.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1913"}, "label": "1913"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "War of 1912-1913", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Balkan Peninsula--History--War of 1912-1913\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010. Spatial coverage extracted from related subject headings.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Balkan Peninsula", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3szb2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3szb2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Julio-Claudians, 30 B.C.-68 A.D", "Five Julii, 30 B.C.-68 A.D", "Julian-Claudian dynasty, 30 B.C.-68 A.D", "Julian dynasty, 30 B.C.-68 A.D", "Julians, 30 B.C.-68 A.D", "Julio-Claudian dynasty, 30 B.C.-68 A.D", "The five Julii, 30 B.C.-68 A.D"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115126.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0068"}, "label": "68 A.D."}, "label": "Julio-Claudians, 30 B.C.-68 A.D", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Julio-Claudians, 30 B.C.-68 A.D\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975 as \"The five Julii\". Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g39kzd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39kzd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1967-1970"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091870.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1970"}, "label": "1970"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1967"}, "label": "1967"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1033", "label": "Nigeria"}], "label": "Civil War, 1967-1970", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Nigeria--History--Civil War, 1967-1970\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.84 of LCSH 1987, and p.70 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nigeria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bvmq": {"start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}, "label": "1754, 1755"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bvmq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091269.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New England--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.81 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975; revised in 2012.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New England ", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18389", "label": "New England"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35m3c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35m3c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edward III, 1327-1377"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056761.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1377"}, "label": "1377"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1327"}, "label": "1327"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Edward III, 1327-1377", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Edward III, 1327-1377\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34dd8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "14"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34dd8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tiberius, 14-37"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115129.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0037"}, "label": "37"}, "label": "Tiberius, 14-37", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Tiberius, 14-37\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3gdjn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1746"}, "label": "1746"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gdjn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick V, 1746-1766"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092669.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1766"}, "label": "1766"}, "label": "Frederick V, 1746-1766", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Frederick V, 1746-1766\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g359jv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g359jv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85031164.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Connecticut--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.24 of LCSH 1987, and p.20 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Connecticut", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q779", "label": "Connecticut"}]}, "p06c6g3kwjx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kwjx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Corsica (France)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85033079.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French Revolution, 1789-1793"]}, "label": "French Revolution, 1789-1793", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q14112", "label": "Corsica"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Corsica (France)--History--1789-1794\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. Earlier established form used for primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1794"}, "label": "1794"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c26f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c26f", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034381.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Crusade, 1096-1099", "Barons' Crusade, 1096-1099", "Princes' Crusade, 1096-1099"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1096"}, "label": "1096"}, "label": "First Crusade, 1096-1099", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crusades--First, 1096-1099\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1099"}, "label": "1099"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q51614", "label": "Anatolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, Anatolia, Levant"}, "p06c6g34j7s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34j7s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otto I, 936-973"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054531.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0973"}, "label": "973"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0936"}, "label": "936"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Otto I, 936-973", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Otto I, 936-973\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36h7z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36h7z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["George IV, 1820-1830"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056821.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1820"}, "label": "1820"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "George IV, 1820-1830", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--George IV, 1820-1830\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34dh5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34dh5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand II, 1619-1637"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061617.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1637"}, "label": "1637"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1619"}, "label": "1619"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Ferdinand II, 1619-1637", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Ferdinand II, 1619-1637\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry exists under \"Austria--History\", but with a separate URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hb4s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1992"}, "label": "1992"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hb4s", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tajikistan", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99005706.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1992-1994"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1992-1994", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Tajikistan--History--Civil War, 1992-1994\". Added to LCSH in 1999, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1994"}, "label": "1994"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tmnb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1214"}, "label": "1214"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tmnb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005000833.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander II, 1214-1249"]}, "label": "Alexander II, 1214-1249", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Alexander II, 1214-1249\". Added to LCSH in 2005.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1249"}, "label": "1249"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bkqj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bkqj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1926-1929"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091730.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1929"}, "label": "1929"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1926"}, "label": "1926"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q811", "label": "Nicaragua"}], "label": "Revolution, 1926-1929", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Nicaragua--History--Revolution, 1926-1929\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.84 of LCSH 1987, and p.70 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nicaragua", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wfrc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wfrc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1940-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092680.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "German occupation, 1940-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--German Occupation, 1940-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3nnbs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nnbs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Northern Seven Years' War, 1563-1570", "Three Crowns' War, 1563-1570"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092571.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1570"}, "label": "1570"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1563"}, "label": "1563"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}], "label": "Northern Seven Years' War, 1563-1570", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Three Crowns' War, 1563-1570\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark, Norway, Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r4pj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r4pj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xhosa Cattle-Killing, 1856-1857", "Cattle-Killing Movement, South Africa, 1856-1857"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88006820.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1857"}, "label": "1857"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1856"}, "label": "1856"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "Xhosa Cattle-Killing, 1856-1857", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"South Africa--History--Xhosa Cattle-Killing, 1856-1857\". Added to LCSH in 1988.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Africa", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q7zg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1775"}, "label": "1775"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q7zg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081931.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Massachusetts--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 75 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Massachusetts", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q771", "label": "Massachusetts"}]}, "p06c6g3vqd8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1479"}, "label": "1479"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vqd8", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97007998.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand II, 1479-1516"]}, "label": "Ferdinand II, 1479-1516", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Ferdinand II, 1479-1516\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1516"}, "label": "1516"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3d36w": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3d36w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1940-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051418.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "German occupation, 1940-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--German occupation, 1940-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.40 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dv7w": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0064"}, "label": "65 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dv7w", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Conspiracy of Catiline, 65-62 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115120.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0061"}, "label": "62 B.C."}, "label": "Conspiracy of Catiline, 65-62 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Conspiracy of Catiline, 65-62 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}]}, "p06c6g3v66k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1657"}, "label": "1657"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v66k", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark, Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85035763.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dano-Swedish Wars, 1657-1660", "Sveco-Danish Wars, 1657-1660"]}, "label": "Dano-Swedish Wars, 1657-1660", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Dano-Swedish Wars, 1657-1660\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38hdw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38hdw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick William, the Great Elector, 1640-1688"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85108064.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1688"}, "label": "1688"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1640"}, "label": "1640"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Frederick William, the Great Elector, 1640-1688", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Prussia--History--Frederick William, the Great Elector, 1640-1688\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.96 of LCSH 1987, and p.81 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Prussia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p9hw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p9hw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lam Sơn Uprising, 1418-1428"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85143254.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1428"}, "label": "1428"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1418"}, "label": "1418"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "label": "Lam Sơn Uprising, 1418-1428", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Lam Sơn Uprising, 1418-1428\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.107 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2012. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3267r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3267r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Michael VIII Palaeologus, 1261-1282"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018509.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1282"}, "label": "1282"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1261"}, "label": "1261"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Michael VIII Palaeologus, 1261-1282", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Michael VIII Palaeologus, 1261-1282\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n45f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n45f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Basil I, 867-886"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018496.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0886"}, "label": "886"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0867"}, "label": "867"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Basil I, 867-886", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Basil I, 867-886\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1993.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vvv5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vvv5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kenmu Restoration, 1333-1336"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069461.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1336"}, "label": "1336"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1333"}, "label": "1333"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Kenmu Restoration, 1333-1336", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Kenmu Restoration, 1333-1336\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g7cv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g7cv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nian Rebellion, 1853-1868", "Nien Rebellion, 1853-1868"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024093.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1853"}, "label": "1853"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Nian Rebellion, 1853-1868", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Nian Rebellion, 1853-1868\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Nien Rebellion, 1853-1868\" appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vvm3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vvm3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of York, 1461-1485"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056773.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1461"}, "label": "1461"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "House of York, 1461-1485", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--House of York, 1461-1485\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zwh4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zwh4", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95000988.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War against the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, 1837-1839"], "es": ["Guerra contra la Confederación Perú-Boliviana, 1837-1839"]}, "label": "War against the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, 1837-1839", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q750", "label": "Bolivia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q298", "label": "Chile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Peru-Bolivian Confederation, War against the, 1837-1839\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m22s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0276"}, "label": "276"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m22s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Probus, 276-282"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115158.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0282"}, "label": "282"}, "label": "Probus, 276-282", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Probus, 276-282\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3m8h7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m8h7", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034388.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seventh Crusade, 1248-1250"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1248"}, "label": "1248"}, "label": "Seventh Crusade, 1248-1250", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crusades--Seventh, 1248-1250\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1250"}, "label": "1250"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, Levant"}, "p06c6g37xqg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37xqg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick William IV, 1840-1861"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85108076.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1840"}, "label": "1840"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Frederick William IV, 1840-1861", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Prussia--History--Frederick William IV, 1840-1861\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.96 of LCSH 1987, and p.81 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Prussia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36h5d": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36h5d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Persian Wars, 500-449 B.C."]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057080.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0448"}, "label": "449 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Persian Wars, 500-449 B.C.", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Persian Wars, 500-449 B.C.--Campaigns\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 42 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36mkq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0509"}, "label": "510 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36mkq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republic, 510-265 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115113.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0264"}, "label": "265 B.C."}, "label": "Republic, 510-265 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Republic, 510-265 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. This must be Early Republic in conventional chronology. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17167", "label": "Roman Republic"}]}, "p06c6g37k82": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0752"}, "label": "753 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37k82", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kings, 753-510 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115111.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0509"}, "label": "510 B.C."}, "label": "Kings, 753-510 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Kings, 753-510 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}]}, "p06c6g3hm9c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hm9c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85139356.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ukraine--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ukraine", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34vzc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34vzc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85079916.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Maine--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 74 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Maine", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q724", "label": "Maine"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35wfd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1927"}, "label": "1927"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35wfd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2007009695.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ararat Rebellion, 1927-1930", "Ağrı Dağ Rebellion, 1927-1930"]}, "label": "Ararat Rebellion, 1927-1930", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Ararat Rebellion, 1927-1930\". Added to LCSH in 2007, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1930"}, "label": "1930"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f2sw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1654"}, "label": "1654"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f2sw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Finland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85048376.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles X Gustav, 1654-1660", "Charles X Gustavus, 1654-1660"]}, "label": "Charles X Gustav, 1654-1660", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q33", "label": "Finland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Finland--History--Charles X Gustav, 1654-1660\". Added to LCSH 1986, revised in 2007. An identical entry exists under heading \"Sweden--History\" with a distinct URI.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34c3b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1363"}, "label": "1363"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34c3b", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002011135.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Albrecht von Mecklenburg, 1363-1388"]}, "label": "Albrecht von Mecklenburg, 1363-1388", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Albrecht von Mecklenburg, 1363-1388\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1388"}, "label": "1388"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sz3x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sz3x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of discoveries, 1385-1580"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105259.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1580"}, "label": "1580"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1385"}, "label": "1385"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Period of discoveries, 1385-1580", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Period of discoveries, 1385-1580\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g3gq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g3gq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jagellons, 1386-1572"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104033.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1572"}, "label": "1572"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1386"}, "label": "1386"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Jagellons, 1386-1572", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Jagellons, 1386-1572\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ck25": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1570"}, "label": "1570"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ck25", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87002777.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkish Conquest, 1570-1571"]}, "label": "Turkish Conquest, 1570-1571", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cyprus--History--Turkish Conquest, 1570-1571\". Added to LCSH in 1987, revised in 2002.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1571"}, "label": "1571"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sgf9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1241"}, "label": "1241"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sgf9", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006003002.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mongol Invasion, 1241-1242", "Tatar Invasion, 1241-1242"]}, "label": "Mongol Invasion, 1241-1242", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Mongol Invasion, 1241-1242\". Added to LCSH in 2006, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1242"}, "label": "1242"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35m4n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35m4n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arab period, 640-885"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007269.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0885"}, "label": "885"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0640"}, "label": "640"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}], "label": "Arab period, 640-885", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Armenia--History--Arab period, 640-885\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.5 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Armenia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38qjn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1703"}, "label": "1703"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38qjn", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91005592.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rákóczi Uprising, 1703-1711", "Kuruc Uprising, 1703-1711"]}, "label": "Rákóczi Uprising, 1703-1711", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Rákóczi Uprising, 1703-1711\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1711"}, "label": "1711"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nxxw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nxxw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Armenia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007275.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1920"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1917-1920", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Armenia--History--Revolution, 1917-1920\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2000.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1920"}, "label": "1920"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gspp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gspp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Korean War, 1950-1953", "War and intervention, 1950-1953"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85073117.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1953"}, "label": "1953"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1950"}, "label": "1950"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}], "label": "Korean War, 1950-1953", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korean War, 1950-1953\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Korea", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cnrk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cnrk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New South Wales", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88000895.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rum Rebellion, 1808-1809"]}, "label": "Rum Rebellion, 1808-1809", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q408", "label": "Australia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New South Wales--History--Rum Rebellion, 1808-1809\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1809"}, "label": "1809"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xk3z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1392"}, "label": "1392"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xk3z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chosŏn dynasty, 1392-1910", "Yi dynasty, 1392-1910"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85073030.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1910"}, "label": "1910"}, "label": "Chosŏn dynasty, 1392-1910", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korea--History--Chosŏn dynasty, 1392-1910\". Added to LCSH in 2003. The alternate label \"Yi dynasty, 1392-1910\" appears on p.70 of LCSH 1987, and p.56 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Korea", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p06c6g35frp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35frp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese occupation, 1942-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85080082.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Japanese occupation, 1942-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Malaya--History--Japanese occupation, 1942-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.74 of LCSH 1987, and p.56 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Malaya", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q833", "label": "Malaysia"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sd9k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sd9k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval, 500-1500"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85123950.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "label": "Medieval, 500-1500", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Social history--Medieval, 500-1500\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Spatial coverage description inferred from usage of \"Medieval\" classifier in other subject headings.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p06c6g3q87h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q87h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles IV, 1347-1378"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061607.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1378"}, "label": "1378"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1347"}, "label": "1347"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Charles IV, 1347-1378", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Charles IV, 1347-1378\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry is present under \"Germany--History\", with a separate URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3svrs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1557"}, "label": "1557"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3svrs", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Siena (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97003889.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medici rule, 1557-1737"]}, "label": "Medici rule, 1557-1737", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Siena (Italy)--History--Medici rule, 1557-1737\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1737"}, "label": "1737"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3z6kh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1840"}, "label": "1840"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z6kh", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Antioquia (Colombia)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005726.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1840-1841"], "es": ["Revolución de los supremos, 1840-1841"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1840-1841", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Antioquia (Colombia : Department)--History--Revolution, 1840-1841\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2013. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1841"}, "label": "1841"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rdcx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rdcx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140134.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "1713"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1702"}, "label": "1702"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 121 of LCSH 1986 and p.103 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35264": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1718"}, "label": "1718"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35264", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90001843.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ulrika Eleonora, 1718-1720"]}, "label": "Ulrika Eleonora, 1718-1720", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Ulrika Eleonora, 1718-1720\". Added to LCSH in 1990, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1720"}, "label": "1720"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wx23": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1872"}, "label": "1872"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wx23", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oscar II, 1872-1905"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092677.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "label": "Oscar II, 1872-1905", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Oscar II, 1872-1905\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3sbxd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1975"}, "label": "1975"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sbxd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Angola", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005116.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1975-2002"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1975-2002", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Angola--History--Civil War, 1975-2002\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in 2010. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2002"}, "label": "2002"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37pqn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37pqn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick VI, 1808-1814"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092672.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "label": "Frederick VI, 1808-1814", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Frederick VI, 1808-1814\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3ksgk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ksgk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry III, 1039-1056"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061591.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1056"}, "label": "1056"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1039"}, "label": "1039"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Henry III, 1039-1056", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Henry III, 1039-1056\". Added to LCSH in 1986. An identical entry exists under \"Germany--History\", but with a separate URI.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vq7r": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vq7r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Korana War, 2nd, 1878-1879", "Northern Border War, 2nd", "Korana War, 1878-1879"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85073000.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1879"}, "label": "1879"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "Korana War, 2nd, 1878-1879", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korana War, 2nd, 1878-1879\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Africa", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32g7t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0829"}, "label": "829"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32g7t", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2003000150.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theophilus, 829-842"]}, "label": "Theophilus, 829-842", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Theophilus, 829-842\". Added to LCSH in 2003.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0842"}, "label": "842"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q8xf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q8xf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Catherine II, 1762-1796"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125793.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1762"}, "label": "1762"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Catherine II, 1762-1796", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Catherine II, 1762-1796\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zgqr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1773"}, "label": "1773"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zgqr", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99002807.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Victor Amadeus II, 1773-1796"]}, "label": "Victor Amadeus II, 1773-1796", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sardinia (Italy)--History--Victor Amadeus II, 1773-1796\". Added to LCSH in 1999, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fv9q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fv9q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xi Xia dynasty, 1038-1227", "Hsi Hsia dynasty, 1038-1227", "Tangut Kingdom, 1038-1227", "Western Xia dynasty, 1038-1227", "Xixia dynasty, 1038-1227"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024069.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1227"}, "label": "1227"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1038"}, "label": "1038"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Xi Xia dynasty, 1038-1227", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Xi Xia dynasty, 1038-1227\". Added to LCSH in 2001. Alternate label \"Hsi Hsia dynasty, 1038-1227\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2001. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g356vr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g356vr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Danish Settlements, 1659-1850"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054763.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "1850"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1659"}, "label": "1659"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q117", "label": "Ghana"}], "label": "Danish Settlements, 1659-1850", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ghana--History--Danish Settlements, 1659-1850\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.46 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ghana", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33qq2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33qq2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Opium War, 1840-1842", "War of 1840-1842"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024090.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1842"}, "label": "1842"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1840"}, "label": "1840"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Opium War, 1840-1842", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Opium War, 1840-1842\" Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2014.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c4zg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0057"}, "label": "58 B.C"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c4zg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gallic Wars, 58-51 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85053541.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "51 B.C"}, "label": "Gallic Wars, 58-51 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Gaul--History--Gallic Wars, 58-51 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.42 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Gaul", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38060", "label": "Gaul"}]}, "p06c6g3xc3f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xc3f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish colony, 1540-1810"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084578.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1540"}, "label": "1540"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "label": "Spanish colony, 1540-1810", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mexico--History--Spanish colony, 1540-1810\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.77 of LCSH 1987, and p.62 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36vvw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36vvw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection, 1771-1802"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85143256.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1802"}, "label": "1802"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1771"}, "label": "1771"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "label": "Insurrection, 1771-1802", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Insurrection, 1771-1802\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.107 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3td4b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3td4b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New Kingdom, ca. 1550-ca. 1070 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002010492.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1069"}, "label": "ca. 1070 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "ca. 1550 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "New Kingdom, ca. 1550-ca. 1070 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--New Kingdom, ca. 1550-ca. 1070 B.C\". Added to LCSH in 2002.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n97b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n97b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese occupation, 1942-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89004089.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q334", "label": "Singapore"}], "label": "Japanese occupation, 1942-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Singapore--History--Japanese occupation, 1942-1945\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Singapore", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m95h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1699"}, "label": "1699"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m95h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick IV, 1699-1730"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092667.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1730"}, "label": "1730"}, "label": "Frederick IV, 1699-1730", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Frederick IV, 1699-1730\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3t36k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t36k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1034-1040"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104022.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1040"}, "label": "1040"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1034"}, "label": "1034"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Interregnum, 1034-1040", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Interregnum, 1034-1040\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mrpb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1948"}, "label": "1948"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mrpb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Malayan Emergency, 1948-1960"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85080083.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1960"}, "label": "1960"}, "label": "Malayan Emergency, 1948-1960", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Malaya--History--Malayan Emergency, 1948-1960\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.74 of LCSH 1987, and p.60 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Malaya", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q833", "label": "Malaysia"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39zvc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39zvc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Guam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95003260.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese occupation, 1941-1944"]}, "label": "Japanese occupation, 1941-1944", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16635", "label": "Guam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Guam--History--Japanese occupation, 1941-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nkkc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nkkc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mau Mau Emergency, 1952-1960"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97007004.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1960"}, "label": "1960"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1952"}, "label": "1952"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q114", "label": "Kenya"}], "label": "Mau Mau Emergency, 1952-1960", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Kenya--History--Mau Mau Emergency, 1952-1960\". Added to LCSH in 1997.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kenya", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34p9f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34p9f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1983-2009"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004003192.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2009"}, "label": "2009"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1983"}, "label": "1983"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q854", "label": "Sri Lanka"}], "label": "Civil War, 1983-2009", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sri Lanka--History--Civil War, 1983-2009\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sri Lanka", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sdpt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sdpt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1917-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97006012.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1917-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"London (England)--History--Bombardment, 1917-1918\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "London (England)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q84", "label": "London"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jx4f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jx4f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1810-1822"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85028491.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1822"}, "label": "1822"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1810-1822", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Colombia--History--War of Independence, 1810-1822\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.23 of LCSH 1987, and on p.17 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32k3f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0081"}, "label": "82 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32k3f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolt of Sertorius, 82-72 B.C", "Revolt of Sertorius, Rome, 82-72 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86000464.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0071"}, "label": "72 B.C."}, "label": "Revolt of Sertorius, 82-72 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Revolt of Sertorius, 82-72 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}]}, "p06c6g3t63g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pt", "id": "p06c6g3t63g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Afonso II, 1211-1223", "Alfonso II"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105250.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1223"}, "label": "1223"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1211"}, "label": "1211"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Afonso II, 1211-1223", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Afonso II, 1211-1223\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Alfonso II, 1211-1223\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "pt"}, "p06c6g3nnz5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nnz5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Athenian supremacy, 479-431 B.C", "Age of Pericles", "Pentecontaetia"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057082.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0430"}, "label": "431 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0478"}, "label": "479 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Athenian supremacy, 479-431 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Athenian supremacy, 479-431 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35dxw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1731"}, "label": "1731"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35dxw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85116979.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Emigration, 1731-1735"]}, "label": "Emigration, 1731-1735", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Salzburgers--Emigration, 1731-1735\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Spatial coverage description given as \"Salzburgers\", spatial coverage extent inferred from knowledge of the Salzburger Emigration.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1735"}, "label": "1735"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35xm5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35xm5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1941-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88005102.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q211", "label": "Latvia"}], "label": "German occupation, 1941-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Latvia--History--German occupation, 1941-1944\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latvia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3742v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3742v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James IV, 1488-1513"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118842.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1513"}, "label": "1513"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1488"}, "label": "1488"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "James IV, 1488-1513", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--James IV, 1488-1513\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1999. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p66g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p66g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vladislaus II Jagiello, 1386-1434"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104032.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1434"}, "label": "1434"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1386"}, "label": "1386"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Vladislaus II Jagiello, 1386-1434", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Vladislaus II Jagiello, 1386-1434\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zpp2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zpp2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["American occupation, 1916-1924"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85038982.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1924"}, "label": "1924"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}], "label": "American occupation, 1916-1924", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Dominican Republic--History--American occupation, 1916-1924\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.28 of LCSH 1987, and p.22 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dominican Republic ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wpqv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wpqv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Licchavi dynasty, ca. 400-600", "Lichhavi dynasty"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85090823.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "ca. 400"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}], "label": "Licchavi dynasty, ca. 400-600", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Nepal--History--Licchavi dynasty, ca. 400-600\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1997.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nepal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s3xk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s3xk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William III, 1849-1890"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091015.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1890"}, "label": "1890"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "William III, 1849-1890", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History--William III, 1849-1890\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.80 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n4wn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n4wn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry VII, 1485-1509"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056775.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1509"}, "label": "1509"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Henry VII, 1485-1509", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Henry VII, 1485-1509\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xxjf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xxjf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peter I, 1350-1369"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020682.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1369"}, "label": "1369"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1350"}, "label": "1350"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "label": "Peter I, 1350-1369", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Peter I, 1350-1369\".  Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987. Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32xg9": {"id": "p06c6g32xg9", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1846"}, "label": "1846"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010012234.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q664", "label": "New Zealand"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"New Zealand--History--Northern War, 1845-1846\". Added to LCSH in 2010, revised in 2011.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1845"}, "label": "1845"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Northern War, 1845-1846", "Northern War", "First Maori War", "Flagstaff War", "Hone Heke's Rebellion", "Northern Wars", "War of the North"]}, "label": "Northern War, 1845-1846", "spatialCoverageDescription": "New Zealand", "note": "Earlier established form: Hone Heke's Rebellion, N.Z., 1844 -1846. Broader: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06c6g3bb4p", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37ct7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37ct7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ludwig IV, 1314-1347", "Louis IV, 1314-1347"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054550.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1347"}, "label": "1347"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1314"}, "label": "1314"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Ludwig IV, 1314-1347", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Ludwig IV, 1314-1347\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2007.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vbjk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1987"}, "label": "1987"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vbjk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Gaza, West Bank", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89001332.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Intifada, 1987-1993", "First Palestinian Intifada, 1987-1993", "Palestinian Uprising, 1987-1993"], "ar-Latn": ["Intifāḍah, 1987-1993"]}, "label": "Intifada, 1987-1993", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza Strip"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Intifada, 1987-1993\". Added to LCSH in 1989, revised in 2008. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1993"}, "label": "1993"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pc46": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pc46", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Francis I, 1745-1765"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061621.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1765"}, "label": "1765"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1745"}, "label": "1745"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Francis I, 1745-1765", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Francis I, 1745-1765\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37b9h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37b9h", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87004522.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Schism, 1130-1139", "Papal Schism, 1130-1139"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1130"}, "label": "1130"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}], "label": "Schism, 1130-1139", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papacy--History--Schism, 1130-1139\". Added to LCSH in 1987, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1139"}, "label": "1139"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papacy"}, "p06c6g3z3xp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z3xp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William I, 1861-1888"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85108078.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1888"}, "label": "1888"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "William I, 1861-1888", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Prussia--History--William I, 1861-1888\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.96 of LCSH 1987, and p.81 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Prussia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m6p6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m6p6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1848-1849", "Praieira Revolt", "Praieira Revolution"], "pt": ["Revolta Praieira"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100001.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "label": "Revolution, 1848-1849", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pernambuco (Brazil)--History--Revolution, 1848-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1996.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pernambuco (Brazil)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}]}, "p06c6g3zfx9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zfx9", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024095.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tongzhi, 1861-1875", "Tʻung chih, 1861-1875"]}, "label": "Tongzhi, 1861-1875", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Tongzhi, 1861-1875\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in 2001. Alternate identifier pulled from \"Earlier Established Forms\" due to its use of the older Wade-Giles transliteration method, as opposed to the Pinyin transliteration.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1875"}, "label": "1875"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c3kx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1387"}, "label": "1387"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c3kx", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91002537.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sigismund, 1387-1437"]}, "label": "Sigismund, 1387-1437", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Sigismund, 1387-1437\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1437"}, "label": "1437"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39rzp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39rzp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick William II, 1786-1797"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85108071.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1797"}, "label": "1797"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Frederick William II, 1786-1797", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Prussia--History--Frederick William II, 1786-1797\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.96 of LCSH 1987, and p.81 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Prussia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g362j9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g362j9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Piast period, 960-1386"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104019.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1386"}, "label": "1386"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Piast period, 960-1386", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Piast period, 960-1386\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cb9d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0935"}, "label": "935"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cb9d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Koryŏ period, 935-1392", "Goryeo period, 935-1392"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85073028.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1392"}, "label": "1392"}, "label": "Koryŏ period, 935-1392", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korea--History--Koryŏ period, 935-1392\". Added to LCSH in 2003; appears on p.70 of LCSH 1987, and p.56 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Korea", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p06c6g3g7qt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g7qt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis Philippe, 1830-1848", "July Monarchy, 1830-1848"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051402.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis Philippe, 1830-1848", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis Philippe, 1830-1848\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.39 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975. Online version added in 2006 and revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h5j3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1844"}, "label": "1844"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h5j3", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131082.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oscar I, 1844-1857"]}, "label": "Oscar I, 1844-1857", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Oscar I, 1844-1857\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1857"}, "label": "1857"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33hvn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "1713"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33hvn", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Finland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002005455.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Russian occupation, 1713-1721", "Great Hate, 1713-1721", "Great Wrath, 1713-1721"]}, "label": "Russian occupation, 1713-1721", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q33", "label": "Finland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Finland--History--Russian occupation, 1713-1721\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1721"}, "label": "1721"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34d9c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34d9c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sancho III, 1157-1158 "]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020674.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1158"}, "label": "1158"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1157"}, "label": "1157"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179293", "label": "Kingdom of Castile"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castile and León"}], "label": "Sancho III, 1157-1158 ", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Castile (Spain)--History--Sancho III, 1157-1158\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.17 of LCSH 1987.  Source notes Castile is in modern Spain.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Castile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tbxm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tbxm", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hesse (Germany)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85060502.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Landgraviate, 1567-1806"]}, "label": "Landgraviate, 1567-1806", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hesse (Germany)--History--1567-1806\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1997. Earlier established form used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1806"}, "label": "1806"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cmnf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cmnf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sui dynasty, 581-618"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024058.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0618"}, "label": "618"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0581"}, "label": "581"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Sui dynasty, 581-618", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Sui dynasty, 581-618\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and on p.16 of LCSH 19875. Revised in 2014. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t876": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t876", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1940-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85091018.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "German occupation, 1940-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Netherlands--History--German occupation, 1940-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.81 of LCSH 1987, and p.66 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Netherlands", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39xwd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1806"}, "label": "1806"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39xwd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Naples (Kingdom)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85089742.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Joseph Bonaparte, 1806-1808"]}, "label": "Joseph Bonaparte, 1806-1808", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2634", "label": "Naples"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Naples (Kingdom)--History--Joseph Bonaparte, 1806-1808\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gh29": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gh29", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maria II, 1834-1853"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105285.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1853"}, "label": "1853"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1834"}, "label": "1834"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Maria II, 1834-1853", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Maria II, 1834-1853\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r5fq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r5fq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles III, 1759-1788"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126086.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1788"}, "label": "1788"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1759"}, "label": "1759"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Charles III, 1759-1788", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Charles III, 1759-1788\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.109 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fj2b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fj2b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1830-1839"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012982.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1839"}, "label": "1839"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Revolution, 1830-1839", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--Revolution, 1830-1839\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3d8gk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1574"}, "label": "1574"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3d8gk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005003882.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1574-1575"]}, "label": "Interregnum, 1574-1575", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Interregnum, 1574-1575\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1575"}, "label": "1575"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ff45": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ff45", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles VII, 1422-1461"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051288.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1461"}, "label": "1461"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1422"}, "label": "1422"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Charles VII, 1422-1461", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Charles VII, 1422-1461\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38gp2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38gp2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004004807.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Argeș (Romania : Județ)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Argeș (Romania : Județ)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3trbp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3trbp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["English Expedition, 1620-1621"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85003456.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1621"}, "label": "1621"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1620"}, "label": "1620"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}], "label": "English Expedition, 1620-1621", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Algeria--History--English Expedition, 1620-1621\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.3 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Algeria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s4bs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s4bs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uprising, 1848-1849"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85123491.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}], "label": "Uprising, 1848-1849", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Slovakia--History--Uprising, 1848-1849\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1993.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovakia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tv24": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1744"}, "label": "1744"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tv24", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["King George's War, 1744-1748"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85099524.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1748"}, "label": "1748"}, "label": "King George's War, 1744-1748", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pennsylvania--History--King George's War, 1744-1748\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 90 of LCSH 1987, and p.88 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pennsylvania", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1400", "label": "Pennsylvania"}]}, "p06c6g3wbdm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wbdm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peter IV, 1336-1387"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006386.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1387"}, "label": "1387"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1336"}, "label": "1336"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "label": "Peter IV, 1336-1387", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon--History--Peter IV, 1336-1387\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.3 of LCSH 1975; revised in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g387zk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g387zk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["King William's War, 1689-1697"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140133.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1697"}, "label": "1697"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1689"}, "label": "1689"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "King William's War, 1689-1697", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--King William's War, 1689-1697\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 121 of LCSH 1986 and p.103 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wbwr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wbwr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion, 1928-1930"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86003960.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1930"}, "label": "1930"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1928"}, "label": "1928"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}], "label": "Rebellion, 1928-1930", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ehtiopia--History--Rebellion, 1928-1930\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.32 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fz9h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1104"}, "label": "1104"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fz9h", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006383.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso I, 1104-1134"]}, "label": "Alfonso I, 1104-1134", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Alfonso I, 1104-1134\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1134"}, "label": "1134"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35p2k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35p2k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1940-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001000116.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1940-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hamburg (Germany)--History--Bombardment, 1940-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hamburg (Germany)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1055", "label": "Hamburg"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nnng": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nnng", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip VI, 1328-1350"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051281.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1350"}, "label": "1350"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1328"}, "label": "1328"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Philip VI, 1328-1350", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Philip VI, 1328-1350\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vdzn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vdzn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1905-1907", "Revolution of 1905"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85075003.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q211", "label": "Latvia"}], "label": "Revolution, 1905-1907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Latvia--History--Revolution, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1993.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latvia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bmvz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1526"}, "label": "1526"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bmvz", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063053.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkish occupation, 1526-1699"]}, "label": "Turkish occupation, 1526-1699", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Turkish occupation, 1526-1699\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1699"}, "label": "1699"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p72j": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p72j", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Finland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85048381.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1918"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1917-1918", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q33", "label": "Finland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Finland--History--Revolution, 1917-1918\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vf8z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vf8z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1941-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85044975.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}], "label": "German occupation, 1941-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Estonia--History--German occupation, 1941-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.32 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Estonia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x457": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x457", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ploiești, Battles of, 1943-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85103529.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Ploiești, Battles of, 1943-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ploiești, Battles of, Ploiești, Romania, 1943-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in 2014.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ploiești (Romania)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179585", "label": "Ploiești"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p629": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p629", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1860-1862"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85028496.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1862"}, "label": "1862"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "label": "Civil War, 1860-1862", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Colombia--History--Civil War, 1860-1862\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.23 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37mxw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37mxw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["George V, 1910-1936"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056827.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1936"}, "label": "1936"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1910"}, "label": "1910"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "George V, 1910-1936", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--George V, 1910-1936\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.40 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kk2g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0907"}, "label": "907"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kk2g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Five dynasties and the Ten kingdoms, 907-979"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024062.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0979"}, "label": "979"}, "label": "Five dynasties and the Ten kingdoms, 907-979", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Five dynasties and the Ten kingdoms, 907-979\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}]}, "p06c6g3ksqn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0180"}, "label": "180"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ksqn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Commodus, 180-192"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115145.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0192"}, "label": "192"}, "label": "Commodus, 180-192", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Commodus, 180-192\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3kgws": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kgws", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ivan Shishman, 1371-1393"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87004235.html", "stop": {"label": "1393", "in": {"year": "1393"}}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1371"}, "label": "1371"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "Ivan Shishman, 1371-1393", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bulgaria--History--Ivan Shishman, 1371-1393\". Added to LCSH in 1987; appears online. Revised in 1994. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f6t8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f6t8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ivan Alexander, 1331-1371"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85017866.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1371"}, "label": "1371"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1331"}, "label": "1331"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "Ivan Alexander, 1331-1371", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bulgaria--History--Ivan Alexander, 1331-1371\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.13 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cbkr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cbkr", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056813.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Hanover, 1714-1837", "Personal Union, 1714-1837"]}, "label": "House of Hanover, 1714-1837", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--1714-1837\". Added to LCSH in 2006, revised in same year. Alternate label from LCSH used as primary PeriodO identifier. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3z7r8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1387"}, "label": "1387"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z7r8", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006387.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John I, 1387-1395"]}, "label": "John I, 1387-1395", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--John I, 1387-1395\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1395"}, "label": "1395"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39bs4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39bs4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John I Tzimisces, 969-976"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006002611.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0976"}, "label": "976"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0969"}, "label": "969"}, "label": "John I Tzimisces, 969-976", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--John I Tzimisces, 969-976\". Added to LCSH in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g366qs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g366qs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand I, 1556-1564"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054560.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1564"}, "label": "1564"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1556"}, "label": "1556"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Ferdinand I, 1556-1564", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Ferdinand I, 1556-1564\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ns5c": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1319"}, "label": "1319"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ns5c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Magnus VII Eriksson, 1319-1343"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092656.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1343"}, "label": "1343"}, "label": "Magnus VII Eriksson, 1319-1343", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Magnus VII Eriksson, 1319-1343\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3d466": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3d466", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otto II, 973-983"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061587.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0983"}, "label": "983"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0973"}, "label": "973"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Otto II, 973-983", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Otto II, 973-983\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m3ms": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m3ms", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Venice (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142725.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkish Wars, 17th century"]}, "label": "Turkish Wars, 17th century", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1243", "label": "Veneto"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Venice (Italy)--History--Turkish Wars, 17th century\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2015. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1699"}, "label": "1699"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vrvc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vrvc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1964-1975"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86001500.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1975"}, "label": "1975"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1964"}, "label": "1964"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}], "label": "Revolution, 1964-1975", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mozambique--History--Revolution, 1964-1975\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.79 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2006. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mozambique", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ckhz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ckhz", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97006055.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British rule, 1878-1960"]}, "label": "British rule, 1878-1960", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cyprus--History--British rule, 1878-1960\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in 2002.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1960"}, "label": "1960"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g386wq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g386wq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seven Reductions, War of the, 1754-1756", "War of the Seven Reductions", "Guarani War", "Jesuit War", "War of the Seven Missions"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85120417.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1756"}, "label": "1756"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1754"}, "label": "1754"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q733", "label": "Paraguay"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "label": "Seven Reductions, War of the, 1754-1756", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Seven Reductions, War of the, 1754-1756\". Added to LCSH in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jx8m": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1476"}, "label": "1476"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jx8m", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Granada (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056365.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish Conquest, 1476-1492"]}, "label": "Spanish Conquest, 1476-1492", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Granada (Spain : Reino)--History--Spanish Conquest, 1476-1492\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2013. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qzh3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1879"}, "label": "1879"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qzh3", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cuba", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034570.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1879-1880", "Little War, 1879-1880"], "es": ["Guerra Chiquita, 1879-1880"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1879-1880", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Cuba--History--Revolution, 1879-1880\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1880"}, "label": "1880"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hcps": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pt", "id": "p06c6g3hcps", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Afonso IV, 1325-1357", "Alfonso IV"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105254.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1357"}, "label": "1357"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1325"}, "label": "1325"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Afonso IV, 1325-1357", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Afonso IV, 1325-1357\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Alfonso IV, 1325-1357\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "pt"}, "p06c6g3bzb5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0134"}, "label": "135 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bzb5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Servile Wars, 135-71 B.C", "Gladiatorial War, 73-71 B.C", "War of the Gladiators, 73-71 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115117.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0070"}, "label": "71 B.C."}, "label": "Servile Wars, 135-71 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Servile Wars, 135-71 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975 (as \"Servile War\", later apparently subsumed under \"Servile Wars\"). Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}]}, "p06c6g3vb6m": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vb6m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Joseph II, 1765-1790"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061622.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1790"}, "label": "1790"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1765"}, "label": "1765"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Joseph II, 1765-1790", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Joseph II, 1765-1790\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q2m7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q2m7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leopold II, 1865-1909"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012985.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1909"}, "label": "1909"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Leopold II, 1865-1909", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--Leopold II, 1865-1909\". Appears on p.8 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.9 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vvxq": {"id": "p06c6g3vvxq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85078187.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1210", "label": "Lombardy"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lombardy (Italy)--History--Austrian rule, 1714-1796\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.73 of LCSH 1987, and p.58 of LCSH 1975. ", "start": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Austrian rule, 1714-1796"]}, "label": "Austrian rule, 1714-1796", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lombardy", "note": "Source notes that Lombardy is in modern day Italy. ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gt9p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gt9p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paul I, 1796-1801"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125795.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Paul I, 1796-1801", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Paul I, 1796-1801\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kxs9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kxs9", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Directoire"], "en": ["Directory, 1795-1799", "Revolution, 1795-1799", "Revolution, 1797-1798", "Revolution, 1795-1797", "Revolution, 1797-1799", "Revolution, 1796-1797", "Revolution, 1795-1796", "Revolution, 1796-1799"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051385.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1799"}, "label": "1799"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1795"}, "label": "1795"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Directory, 1795-1799", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Directory, 1795-1799\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3txdk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1746"}, "label": "1746"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3txdk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126085.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand VI, 1746-1759"]}, "label": "Ferdinand VI, 1746-1759", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Ferdinand VI, 1746-1759\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1759"}, "label": "1759"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3czs7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1803"}, "label": "1803"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3czs7", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indonesia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006007474.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Padri War, 1803-1838", "Minangkabau War, 1803-1838", "Paderi War, 1803-1838"]}, "label": "Padri War, 1803-1838", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indonesia--History--Padri War, 1803-1838\". Added to LCSH in 2006, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1838"}, "label": "1838"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39pg2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g39pg2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick III, 1440-1493"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061610.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1493"}, "label": "1493"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1440"}, "label": "1440"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Frederick III, 1440-1493", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Frederick III, 1440-1493\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pf69": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1931"}, "label": "1931"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pf69", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ukraine", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89005678.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Soviet occupation, 1939-1941", "Soviet occupation of Western Ukraine, 1939-1941"]}, "label": "Soviet occupation, 1939-1941", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ukraine, Western--History--Soviet occupation, 1939-1941\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38v5f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38v5f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00001023.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Berlin (Germany)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2000, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Berlin (Germany)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q64", "label": "Berlin"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ccnm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ccnm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Italo-Ethiopian War, 1895-1896", "Abyssino-Italian War, 1895-1896", "Ethiopian-Italian War, 1895-1896", "War with Ethiopia, 1895-1896"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068869.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1896"}, "label": "1896"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1895"}, "label": "1895"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}], "label": "Italo-Ethiopian War, 1895-1896", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italo-Ethiopian War, 1895-1896\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy, Ethiopia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rnkj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1895"}, "label": "1895"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rnkj", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete (Greece)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2015002239.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Insurrection, 1895-1896"]}, "label": "Insurrection, 1895-1896", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crete (Greece)--History--Insurrection, 1895-1896\". Added to LCSH in 2015, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1896"}, "label": "1896"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3892d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1994"}, "label": "1994"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3892d", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chechni︠a︡ (Russia)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96000483.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1994-", "Chechen War, 1994-", "Chechnya War, 1994-", "Russo-Chechen Conflict, 1994-"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1994-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Chechni︠a︡ (Russia)--History--Civil War, 1994-\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2007.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nvkf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nvkf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dictatorship, 1923-1930"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126103.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1930"}, "label": "1930"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1923"}, "label": "1923"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Dictatorship, 1923-1930", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Dictatorship, 1923-1930\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.110 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kjr5": {"start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}, "label": "1754, 1755"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kjr5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85113727.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rhode Island--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.97 of LCSH 1987, and p.95 of LCSH 1975; revised in 2012.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rhode Island", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1387", "label": "Rhode Island"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nr6d": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nr6d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Matthias I, 1458-1490"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063051.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1490"}, "label": "1490"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1458"}, "label": "1458"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "Matthias I, 1458-1490", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Matthias I, 1458-1490\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 56 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fwj3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fwj3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edo period, 1600-1868", "Edo period"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00009506.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Edo period, 1600-1868", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Edo period, Japan, 1600-1868\". Added to LCSH in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pvgr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pvgr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maximilian II, 1564-1576"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061614.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1576"}, "label": "1576"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1564"}, "label": "1564"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Maximilian II, 1564-1576", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Maximilian II, 1564-1576\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zjjs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zjjs", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034382.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Crusade, 1147-1149"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1147"}, "label": "1147"}, "label": "Second Crusade, 1147-1149", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crusades--Second, 1147-1149\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1999. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1149"}, "label": "1149"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q51614", "label": "Anatolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, Anatolia, Levant"}, "p06c6g3qwfx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qwfx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French occupation, 1918-1946", "French occupation"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98005519.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1946"}, "label": "1946"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "French occupation, 1918-1946", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Syria--History--French occupation, 1918-1946\". Added to LCSH in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Syria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37z96": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37z96", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Peter II, 1830-1851", "Petar II, 1830-1851"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85087054.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1851"}, "label": "1851"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}], "label": "Peter II, 1830-1851", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Montenegro--History--Peter II, 1830-1851\". Added to LCSH in 2005. Alternate label \"Petar II, 1830-1851\" appears on p.79 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2005. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Montenegro", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mdz4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pt", "id": "p06c6g3mdz4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Afonso V, 1438-1481", "Alfonso V"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105263.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1481"}, "label": "1481"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1438"}, "label": "1438"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Afonso V, 1438-1481", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Afonso V, 1438-1481\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Alfonso V, 1438-1481\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "pt"}, "p06c6g3rffs": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rffs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles X Gustav, 1654-1660", "Charles X Gustavus, 1654-1660"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131068.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1654"}, "label": "1654"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Charles X Gustav, 1654-1660", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Charles X Gustav, 1654-1660\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.112 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bh7v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bh7v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis VIII, 1223-1226"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051274.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1226"}, "label": "1226"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1223"}, "label": "1223"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis VIII, 1223-1226", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis VIII, 1223-1226\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w4sb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1792"}, "label": "1792"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w4sb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rhineland (Germany)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85113664.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French occupation, 1792-1801", "French occupation of Rhineland, 1792-1801"]}, "label": "French occupation, 1792-1801", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rhineland (Germany)--History--French occupation, 1792-1801\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rw7d": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rw7d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kamakura period, 1185-1333"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069454.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1333"}, "label": "1333"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Kamakura period, 1185-1333", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Kamakura period, 1185-1333\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3q6xw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3q6xw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mexican War, 1846-1848", "Mexican-American War, 1846-1848", "War with the United States, 1846-1848", "United States-Mexican War, 1846-1848", "War with Mexico, 1845-1848"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140201.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1846"}, "label": "1846"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Mexican War, 1846-1848", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mexican War, 1846-1848\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1991.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico, United States", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mvcf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mvcf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1940-1943"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008007497.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1940-1943", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Palermo (Italy)--History--Bombardment, 1940-1943\". Added to LCSH in 2008, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palermo (Italy)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2656", "label": "Palermo"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qjmt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qjmt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stanislaus I Leszczynski, 1704-1709"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104056.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1709"}, "label": "1709"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1704"}, "label": "1704"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Stanislaus I Leszczynski, 1704-1709", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Stanislaus I Leszczynski, 1704-1709\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rz5b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rz5b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054223.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Georgia--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.42 of LCSH 1987, and p.40 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Georgia", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1428", "label": "Georgia"}]}, "p06c6g3zwd7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1910"}, "label": "1910"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zwd7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Japanese occupation, 1910-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85073038.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Japanese occupation, 1910-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Korea--History--Japanese occupation, 1910-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.70 of LCSH 1987, and p.56 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Korea", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p06c6g3k9m5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k9m5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of 1880-1881", "Boer War, 1880-1881", "Transvaal War, 1880-1881"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85137096.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1881"}, "label": "1881"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1880"}, "label": "1880"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "War of 1880-1881", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Transvaal (South Africa)--History--War of 1880-1881\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.116 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.96 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transvaal (South Africa)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qp6b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1859"}, "label": "1859"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qp6b", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131083.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles XV, 1859-1872"]}, "label": "Charles XV, 1859-1872", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Charles XV, 1859-1872\". Added to LCSH in 1986. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1872"}, "label": "1872"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ngpg": {"id": "p06c6g3ngpg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1948"}, "label": "1948"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018120.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from variant for heading \"Burma--History--1824-1948\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2009.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1824"}, "label": "1824"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial period, 1824-1948", "Colonial period"]}, "label": "Colonial period, 1824-1948", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "note": "Sources cited refer to Myanmar rather than Burma.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3242r": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3242r", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sardinia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97004964.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles Emmanuel IV, 1796-1802"]}, "label": "Charles Emmanuel IV, 1796-1802", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sardinia (Italy)--History--Charles Emmanuel IV, 1796-1802\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1802"}, "label": "1802"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3sbbc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3sbbc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054599.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Allied occupation, 1945-1955"]}, "label": "Allied occupation, 1945-1955", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--1945-1955\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1955"}, "label": "1955"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gzvg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gzvg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Reign of Terror, 1793-1794", "Revolution, 1793-1794"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051370.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1794"}, "label": "1794"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1793"}, "label": "1793"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Reign of Terror, 1793-1794", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Reign of Terror, 1793-1794\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bz5n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bz5n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hugh Capet, 987-996"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051264.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0996"}, "label": "996"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0987"}, "label": "987"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Hugh Capet, 987-996", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Hugh Capet, 987-996\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36v4p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "2003"}, "label": "2003"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36v4p", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iraq", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004001802.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post-Saddam Iraq, 2003-", "Post-Saddam Era, 2003-"]}, "label": "Post-Saddam Iraq, 2003-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iraq--History--2003-\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in same year. Actual primary title in LCSH is \"Iraq--History--2003-\", so variant with label was used in its place.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36g9b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36g9b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Papal Interdict, 1606-1607"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142726.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1607"}, "label": "1607"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1606"}, "label": "1606"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1243", "label": "Veneto"}], "label": "Papal Interdict, 1606-1607", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Venice (Italy)--History--Papal Interdict, 1606-1607\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 126 of LCSH 1986 and p.107 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2011. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Venice", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nhkt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3nhkt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dhofar War, 1964-1976", "Zufar Rebellion, 1964-1976", "Dhofar Rebellion, 1964-1976", "Zufār War, 1964-1976"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85094672.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1976"}, "label": "1976"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1964"}, "label": "1964"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q842", "label": "Oman"}], "label": "Dhofar War, 1964-1976", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Oman--History--Dhofar War, 1964-1976\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.87 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Oman ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33q9g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33q9g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charles I, 1625-1649"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118848.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1649"}, "label": "1649"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1625"}, "label": "1625"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "Charles I, 1625-1649", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Charles I, 1625-1649\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w47k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w47k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1905-1907", "Revolution of 1905"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125806.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Revolution, 1905-1907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Revolution, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1993.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hznw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hznw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turco-Italian War, 1911-1912", "Italo-Turkish War, 1911-1912", "War with Turkey, 1911-1912", "Turkish-Italian War, 1911-1912"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85138757.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1911"}, "label": "1911"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Turco-Italian War, 1911-1912", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turco-Italian War, 1911-1912\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy, Turkey, Libya, Tripolitania, Cyrenaica", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rr9x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rr9x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Louis IV, 936-954"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051263.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0954"}, "label": "954"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0936"}, "label": "936"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Louis IV, 936-954", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Louis IV, 936-954\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.37 of LCSH 1987, and p.29 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34q9p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34q9p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Axis occupation, 1941-1945", "German occupation, 1941-1945", "Hungarian occupation, 1941-1945", "Italian occupation, 1941-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005006800.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "label": "Axis occupation, 1941-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Slovenia--History--Axis occupation, 1941-1945\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34vhh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1618"}, "label": "1618"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34vhh", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2017000226.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Osman II, 1618-1622"]}, "label": "Osman II, 1618-1622", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Osman II, 1618-1622\". Added to LCSH in 2017, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1622"}, "label": "1622"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cbtt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cbtt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gallienus, 260-268"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90005148.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0268"}, "label": "268"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0260"}, "label": "260"}, "label": "Gallienus, 260-268", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Gallienus, 260-268\". Added to LCSH in 1990, revised in 1995.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3pjb8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pjb8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85134271.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Texas--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.91 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}]}, "p06c6g3qtqs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1669"}, "label": "1669"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qtqs", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete (Greece)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88006864.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkish rule, 1669-1898"]}, "label": "Turkish rule, 1669-1898", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crete (Greece)--History--Turkish rule, 1669-1898\". Added to LCSH in 1988, revised in 2007. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1898"}, "label": "1898"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wsw5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wsw5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Robert II, 1371-1390"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118836.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1390"}, "label": "1390"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1371"}, "label": "1371"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "Robert II, 1371-1390", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--Robert II, 1371-1390\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hsss": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1972"}, "label": "1972"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hsss", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004001551.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Margrethe II, 1972-"]}, "label": "Margrethe II, 1972-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Margrethe II, 1972-\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2008. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g334zp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g334zp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chimurenga War, 1896-1897", "Chindunduma", "First Chimurenga War"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00006765.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1897"}, "label": "1897"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1896"}, "label": "1896"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "label": "Chimurenga War, 1896-1897", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Zimbabwe--History--Chimurenga War, 1896-1897\". Added to LCSH in 2000.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Zimbabwe", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g368qb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0217"}, "label": "217"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g368qb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Macrinus, 217-218"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115149.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0218"}, "label": "218"}, "label": "Macrinus, 217-218", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Macrinus, 217-218\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3zgn6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zgn6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Casimir III, 1333-1370"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104030.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1370"}, "label": "1370"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1333"}, "label": "1333"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Casimir III, 1333-1370", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Casimir III, 1333-1370\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hd77": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hd77", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso XII, 1875-1885"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126099.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1885"}, "label": "1885"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1875"}, "label": "1875"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Alfonso XII, 1875-1885", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Alfonso XII, 1875-1885\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.110 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2006.  ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w5db": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w5db", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Armeno-Tatar Conflict, 1905-1907", "Armenian-Tatar Massacres", "Armenian-Tatar War", "Armeno-Tatar War"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009007297.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Armeno-Tatar Conflict, 1905-1907", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Armeno-Tatar Conflict, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s33g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s33g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick I, 1152-1190"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061597.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1190"}, "label": "1190"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1152"}, "label": "1152"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Frederick I, 1152-1190", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Frederick I, 1152-1190\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2003.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fjfk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fjfk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh95010635.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bologna (Italy)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1995, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bologna (Italy)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1891", "label": "Bologna"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g64j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g64j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Italian occupation, 1942-1943"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051419.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1942"}, "label": "1942"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Italian occupation, 1942-1943", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Italian occupation, 1942-1943\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.40 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38bzc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38bzc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James I, 1213-1276"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006384.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1276"}, "label": "1276"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1213"}, "label": "1213"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "label": "James I, 1213-1276", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon--History--James I, 1213-1276\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.3 of LCSH 1975; revised 1986. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n8q7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3n8q7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine V Copronymus, 741-775"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018494.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0775"}, "label": "775"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0741"}, "label": "741"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Constantine V Copronymus, 741-775", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Constatine V Copronymus, 741-775\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1993. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3kxbf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kxbf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mustafa II, 1695-1703"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87004766.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1703"}, "label": "1703"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1695"}, "label": "1695"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Mustafa II, 1695-1703", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Mustafa II, 1695-1703\". Added to LCSH in 1987; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x35x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1450"}, "label": "1450"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x35x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Renaissance, 1450-1600"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85045831.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "label": "Renaissance, 1450-1600", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"European literature--Renaissance, 1450-1600\". Added to LCSH in 1986. The term applies only to literature, and is perhaps more a stylistic than a chronological term, despite the dates: variants are listed as \"literature, Renaissance\" and \"Renaissance literature\". The chronological term also seems to be attached as a qualifier to other subject headings: for example, Women--History--Renaissance, 1450-1600 (http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85147307.html).", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p06c6g3wztt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wztt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gustav II Adolf, 1611-1632", "Gustavus II Adolphus, 1611-1632"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85048375.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1632"}, "label": "1632"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1611"}, "label": "1611"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q33", "label": "Finland"}], "label": "Gustav II Adolf, 1611-1632", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Finland--History--Gustav II Adolf, 1611-1632\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Gustavus II Adolphus, 1611-1632\" appears on p.34 of LCSH 1987, and p.26 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Finland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s4jk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1624"}, "label": "1624"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s4jk", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Taiwan", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002005576.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dutch rule, 1624-1661"]}, "label": "Dutch rule, 1624-1661", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Taiwan--History--Dutch rule, 1624-1661\". Added to LCSH in 2002.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1661"}, "label": "1661"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k6wq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1592"}, "label": "1592"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k6wq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Clement VIII, 1592-1605"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86003074.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1605"}, "label": "1605"}, "label": "Clement VIII, 1592-1605", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papal States--History--Clement VIII, 1592-1605\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.89 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}]}, "p06c6g3snr8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1610"}, "label": "1610"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3snr8", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Moscow (Russia)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97004573.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Polish occupation, 1610-1612"]}, "label": "Polish occupation, 1610-1612", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Moscow (Russia)--History--Polish occupation, 1610-1612\". Added to LCSH i 2004, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1612"}, "label": "1612"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x7r2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1846"}, "label": "1846"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x7r2", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001003428.html", "localizedLabels": {"ca": ["Guerra dels Matiners, 1846-1849"], "en": ["Carlist War, 1846-1849"], "es": ["Guerra de los Matinets, 1846-1849"]}, "label": "Carlist War, 1846-1849", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Carlist War, 1846-1849\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2002. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1849"}, "label": "1849"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g336g3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g336g3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick II, 1215-1250"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054545.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1250"}, "label": "1250"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1215"}, "label": "1215"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Frederick II, 1215-1250", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Frederick II, 1215-1250\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rbrp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rbrp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500-1600"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85043340.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500-1600", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"English drama--Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500-1600\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010. Applies only to the literary culture of drama.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xtnj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xtnj", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ireland", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002007186.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1919-1921"]}, "label": "War of Independence, 1919-1921", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ireland--History--War of Independence, 1919-1921\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in 2006", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36p5p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36p5p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936", "Ethiopian-Italian War, 1935-1936", "War with Ethiopia, 1935-1936"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85068870.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1936"}, "label": "1936"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1935"}, "label": "1935"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}], "label": "Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy, Ethiopia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3r5ps": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3r5ps", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James I, 1406-1437"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118840.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1437"}, "label": "1437"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1406"}, "label": "1406"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "James I, 1406-1437", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Scotland--History--James I, 1406-1437\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.102 of LCSH 1987, and p.89 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1999. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ms55": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ms55", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Luxemburg, 1308-1437"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061605.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1437"}, "label": "1437"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1308"}, "label": "1308"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "House of Luxemburg, 1308-1437", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--House of Luxemburg, 1308-1437\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3vn4c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3vn4c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Richard II, 1377-1399"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056762.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1399"}, "label": "1399"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1377"}, "label": "1377"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Richard II, 1377-1399", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Richard II, 1377-1399\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bk64": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bk64", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Genroku period, 1688-1704"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069477.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1704"}, "label": "1704"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1688"}, "label": "1688"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Genroku period, 1688-1704", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Genroku period, 1688-1704\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3w2k2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1905"}, "label": "1905"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3w2k2", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Uzbekistan", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85141671.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1905-1907"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1905-1907", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Uzbekistan--History--Revolution, 1905-1907\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p9fb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p9fb", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034385.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fourth Crusade, 1202-1204"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1202"}, "label": "1202"}, "label": "Fourth Crusade, 1202-1204", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crusades--Fourth, 1202-1204\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1989.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q51614", "label": "Anatolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, Anatolia, Levant"}, "p06c6g3dg2k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dg2k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taika Reforms, 645-710"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069439.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0710"}, "label": "710"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0645"}, "label": "645"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Taika Reforms, 645-710", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Taika Reforms, 645-710\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wk2g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wk2g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ionian Revolt, 499-494 B.C", "Ionian Revolt, Greece, 499-494 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057081.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0493"}, "label": "494 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0498"}, "label": "499 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Ionian Revolt, 499-494 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Ionian Revolt, 499-494 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fx7n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fx7n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexius III Angelus, 1195-1203"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018507.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1203"}, "label": "1203"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1195"}, "label": "1195"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Alexius III Angelus, 1195-1203", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Alexius III Angelus, 1195-1203\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3x8pp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1999"}, "label": "1999"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3x8pp", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vieques Island (Puerto Rico)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002001299.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil Disobedience, 1999-2001"], "es": ["Grito de Vieques, 1999-2001"]}, "label": "Civil Disobedience, 1999-2001", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1183", "label": "Puerto Rico"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vieques Island (P.R.)--History--Civil Disobedience, 1999-2001\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2001"}, "label": "2001"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3246x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1990"}, "label": "1990"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3246x", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iraq, Kuwait", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90004711.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iraq-Kuwait Crisis, 1990-1991", "Gulf Crisis, 1990-1991", "Kuwait Crisis, 1990-1991", "Iraq-Kuwait Conflict, 1990-1991", "Iraqi occupation, 1990-1991", "Kuwait-Iraq Conflict, 1990-1991", "Kuwait-Iraq Crisis, 1990-1991", "Persian Gulf Crisis, 1990-1991"]}, "label": "Iraq-Kuwait Crisis, 1990-1991", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iraq-Kuwait Crisis, 1990-1991\". Added to LCSH in 2006, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1991"}, "label": "1991"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mcn6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mcn6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Reform, 1857-1861", "Reform, War of, Mexico, 1857-1861"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010002595.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1857"}, "label": "1857"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "label": "War of Reform, 1857-1861", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mexico--History--War of Reform, 1857-1861\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k8xj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k8xj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Palaeologi Dynasty, 1259-1448"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018508.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1448"}, "label": "1448"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1259"}, "label": "1259"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Palaeologi Dynasty, 1259-1448", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Palaeologi Dynasty, 1259-1448\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1993. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36q4n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36q4n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1810-1811"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097780.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1811"}, "label": "1811"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q733", "label": "Paraguay"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1810-1811", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Paraguay--History--War of Independence, 1810-1811\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Paraguay", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gqnv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gqnv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William II, Rufus, 1087-1100"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056743.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1087"}, "label": "1087"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "William II, Rufus, 1087-1100", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--William II, Rufus, 1087-11007\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g365s5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g365s5", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkmenistan", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90003807.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1921"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1917-1921", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkmenistan--History--Revolution, 1917-1921\". Added to LCSH in 1990, revised in 1995.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32dtc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1640"}, "label": "1640"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32dtc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Catalonia (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020929.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Reapers' War, 1640-1659", "Harvesters' War, 1640-1659", "War of the Segadors, 1640-1659"]}, "label": "Reapers' War, 1640-1659", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5705", "label": "Catalonia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Catalonia (Spain)--History--Reapers' War, 1640-1659\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in 2010. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1659"}, "label": "1659"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g352gg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g352gg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution of the Comuneros, 1721-1735"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097779.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1735"}, "label": "1735"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1721"}, "label": "1721"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q733", "label": "Paraguay"}], "label": "Revolution of the Comuneros, 1721-1735", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Paraguay--History--Revolution of the Comuneros, 1721-1735\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.89 of LCSH 1987, and p.75 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Paraguay", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g39bvp": {"id": "p06c6g39bvp", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002012479.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q26", "label": "Northern Ireland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Early modern, 1500-1700\". Added to LCSH in 2002, revised in 2006. Spatial coverage inferred from actual usage in LCSH (countries to which the term is explicitly attached for literary records), but probably broader.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early modern, 1500-1700"]}, "label": "Early modern, 1500-1700", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "note": "\"Use as a chronological subdivision under individual languages and groups of languages, groups of literary authors, and individual literatures except drama.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b5b6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3b5b6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mysore War, 1790-1792"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85064917.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1792"}, "label": "1792"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1790"}, "label": "1790"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "label": "Mysore War, 1790-1792", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"India--History--Mysore War, 1790-1792\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.58 of LCSH 1987, and p.47 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1993. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h297": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h297", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85023237.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Chicago (Ill.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.23 of LCSH 1987, and p.20 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chicago (Ill.)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1297", "label": "Chicago"}]}, "p06c6g3qds9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1921"}, "label": "1921"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qds9", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Soviet Union", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010013246.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Famine, 1921-1922"]}, "label": "Famine, 1921-1922", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia (country)"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q813", "label": "Kyrgyzstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q211", "label": "Latvia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Soviet Union--History--Famine, 1921-1922\". Added to LCSH in 2010, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1922"}, "label": "1922"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pgdb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1519"}, "label": "1519"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pgdb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Valencia (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85141825.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uprising, 1519-1522"]}, "label": "Uprising, 1519-1522", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5720", "label": "Valencian Community"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Valencia (Spain : Region)--History--Uprising, 1519-1522\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1522"}, "label": "1522"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3prkv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3prkv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["South African War, 1899-1902", "Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902", "Boer War, 1899-1902", "Transvaal War, 1899-1902"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125514.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1902"}, "label": "1902"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}], "label": "South African War, 1899-1902", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"South African War, 1899-1902\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1999.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Africa", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3chmc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3chmc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, 1941-1979"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85067906.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1979"}, "label": "1979"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, 1941-1979", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iran--History--Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, 1941-1979\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.60 of LCSH 1987. REvised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iran", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s6dw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3s6dw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nara period, 710-794"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069442.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0794"}, "label": "794"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0710"}, "label": "710"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Nara period, 710-794", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Nara period, 710-794\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bg4q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "2003"}, "label": "2003"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bg4q", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iraq", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2003003059.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iraq War, 2003-2011", "Anglo-American Invasion of Iraq, 2003-2011", "Gulf War II, 2003-2011", "Operation Iraqi Freedom, 2003-2010", "Operation New Dawn, 2010-2011", "Operation Telic, 2003-2011", "Persian Gulf War, 2003-2011"]}, "label": "Iraq War, 2003-2011", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iraq War, 2003-2011\". Added to LCSH in 2005, revised in 2012.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2011"}, "label": "2011"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t9w3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1035"}, "label": "1035"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t9w3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Magnus I, 1035-1047"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092652.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1047"}, "label": "1047"}, "label": "Magnus I, 1035-1047", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Magnus I, 1035-1047\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3wmvj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1943"}, "label": "1943"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wmvj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bombardment, 1943-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2004004801.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "label": "Bombardment, 1943-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Clermont-Ferrand (France)--History--Bombardment, 1943-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2009.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Clermont-Ferrand (France)", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42168", "label": "Clermont-Ferrand"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cm6k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cm6k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Crimean War, 1853-1856", "Russo-Turkish War, 1853-1856"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034020.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1856"}, "label": "1856"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1853"}, "label": "1853"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Crimean War, 1853-1856", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crimean War, 1853-1856\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Explicit spatial coverage only includes Great Britain, France, and Turkey, but Russia can be inferred from \"Russo-Turkish War\" label.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France, Great Britain, Turkey, Russia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qmdk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qmdk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry IV, 1399-1413"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056763.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1413"}, "label": "1413"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1399"}, "label": "1399"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Henry IV, 1399-1413", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Henry IV, 1399-1413\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xt7z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xt7z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hōgen and Heiji Insurrections, 1156-1159"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069450.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1159"}, "label": "1159"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1156"}, "label": "1156"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Hōgen and Heiji Insurrections, 1156-1159", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Hōgen and Heiji Insurrections, 1156-1159\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.66 of LCSH 1987, and p.50 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1993.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3frgf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3frgf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rudolf II, 1576-1612"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054562.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1612"}, "label": "1612"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1576"}, "label": "1576"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Rudolf II, 1576-1612", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Rudolf II, 1576-1612\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.44 of LCSH 1987, and p.35 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t97f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3t97f", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85034387.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sixth Crusade, 1228-1229"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1228"}, "label": "1228"}, "label": "Sixth Crusade, 1228-1229", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Crusades--Sixth, 1228-1229\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1229"}, "label": "1229"}, "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q51614", "label": "Anatolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, Anatolia, Levant"}, "p06c6g3zpk5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zpk5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cantabrian War, 26-19 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001005189.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0018"}, "label": "19 B.C"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0025"}, "label": "26 B.C"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Cantabrian War, 26-19 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Cantabrian War, 26-19 B.C\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2001.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ncqz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1857"}, "label": "1857"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ncqz", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Minnesota", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh91000140.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Capital Jurisdiction Question, 1857-1897"]}, "label": "Capital Jurisdiction Question, 1857-1897", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1527", "label": "Minnesota"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Minnesota--History--Capital Jurisdiction Question, 1857-1897\". Added to LCSH in 1991, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1897"}, "label": "1897"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rv8f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rv8f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republic, 1912-1949"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024107.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1949"}, "label": "1949"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Republic, 1912-1949", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Republic, 1912-1949\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 2014. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37h32": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37h32", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Guangxu, 1875-1908", "Kuang hsü, 1875-1908"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024098.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1908"}, "label": "1908"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1875"}, "label": "1875"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Guangxu, 1875-1908", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Guangxu, 1875-1908\". Added to LCSH in 2000. Alternate label \"Kuang hsu, 1875-1908\" appears on p.21 of LCSH 1987, and p.16 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g394wf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g394wf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tawfīq, 1879-1892", "Tewfik, 1879-1892"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85041303.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1892"}, "label": "1892"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1879"}, "label": "1879"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Tawfīq, 1879-1892", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Egypt--History--Tawfīq, 1879-1892\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.29 of LCSH 1987, and on p.23 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38v8b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0980"}, "label": "980"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38v8b", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99002923.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Lê dynasty, 980-1009"], "vi": ["Nhà Tiền Lê, 980-1009", "Triều Tiền Lê, 980-1009"]}, "label": "Early Lê dynasty, 980-1009", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Early Lê dynasty, 980-1009\". Added to LCSH in 1999, revised in same year.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1009"}, "label": "1009"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f7w4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f7w4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Macedonian Hegemony, 323-281 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057088.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0280"}, "label": "281 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Macedonian Hegemony, 323-281 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Macedonian Hegemony, 323-281 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bxxw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1869"}, "label": "1869"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bxxw", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Canada", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85112084.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Red River Rebellion, 1869-1870", "Métis Rebellion, 1869-1870", "Riel Rebellion, 1869-1870"]}, "label": "Red River Rebellion, 1869-1870", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16", "label": "Canada"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Red River Rebellion, 1869-1870\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1870"}, "label": "1870"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bd47": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bd47", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zeno, 474-491"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86002996.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0491"}, "label": "491"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0474"}, "label": "474"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Zeno, 474-491", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Zeno, 474-491\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zvqm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zvqm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Selim I, 1512-1520"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00003134.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1520"}, "label": "1520"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1512"}, "label": "1512"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Selim I, 1512-1520", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Selim I, 1512-1520\". Added to LCSH in 2000; appears on p.117 of LCSH 1987, and p.99 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2010. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g3ff": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g3ff", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Java War, 1825-1830"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86000224.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1825"}, "label": "1825"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}], "label": "Java War, 1825-1830", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Indonesia--History--Java War, 1825-1830\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.59 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indonesia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dfgv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dfgv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolutionary period, 1868-1875"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126095.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1875"}, "label": "1875"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Revolutionary period, 1868-1875", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Revolutionary period, 1868-1875\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.110 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3v5tn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3v5tn", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140184.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Confederation, 1783-1789"]}, "label": "Confederation, 1783-1789", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"United States--History--Confederation, 1783-1789\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g37wt4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1652"}, "label": "1652"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g37wt4", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bordeaux (Aquitaine, France)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015811.html", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Hormée, 1652-1653", "Ormée, 1652-1653", "Ormaye, 1652-1653"], "en": ["Uprising, 1652-1653"]}, "label": "Uprising, 1652-1653", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bordeaux (Aquitaine, France)--History--Uprising, 1652-1653\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1653"}, "label": "1653"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38bx3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38bx3", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sicily", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85122253.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Savoyard and Austrian rule, 1700-1735"]}, "label": "Savoyard and Austrian rule, 1700-1735", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sicily (Italy)--History--Savoyard and Austrian rule, 1700-1735\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1735"}, "label": "1735"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g36kbd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1766"}, "label": "1766"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g36kbd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Christian VII, 1766-1808"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85036792.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1808"}, "label": "1808"}, "label": "Christian VII, 1766-1808", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Denmark--History--Christian VII, 1766-1808\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.27 of LCSH 1987, and on p.21 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Denmark", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}]}, "p06c6g3zwxn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0068"}, "label": "68"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zwxn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 68-69"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115133.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69"}, "label": "Civil War, 68-69", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Civil War, 68-69\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3btfz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0048"}, "label": "49 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3btfz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 49-45 B.C", "Civil War, 49-48 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115123.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0044"}, "label": "45 B.C."}, "label": "Civil War, 49-45 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Civil War, 49-45 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 84 of LCSH 1975 with dates 49 and 48 B.C. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}]}, "p06c6g3gpg5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gpg5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Andronicus II Palaeologus, 1282-1328"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018510.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1328"}, "label": "1328"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1282"}, "label": "1282"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Andronicus II Palaeologus, 1282-1328", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Andronicus II Palaeologus, 1282-1328\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xq8h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0379"}, "label": "379"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xq8h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theodosians, 379-455", "Theodosians, Rome, 379-455"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115167.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0455"}, "label": "455"}, "label": "Theodosians, 379-455", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Theodosians, 379-455\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3msn9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1802"}, "label": "1802"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3msn9", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh96003168.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nguyẽ̂n dynasty, 1802-1945"]}, "label": "Nguyẽ̂n dynasty, 1802-1945", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Vietnam--History--Nguyẽ̂n dynasty, 1802-1945\". Added to LCSH in 1996, revised in 2006.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jvtt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jvtt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1917-1918"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85044967.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1917"}, "label": "1917"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}], "label": "Revolution, 1917-1918", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Estonia--History--Revolution, 1917-1918\". Added to LCSH 1986; appears on p.32 of LCSH 1987, and p.25 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Estonia", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mm92": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1162"}, "label": "1162"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mm92", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Aragon (Spain)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh92004182.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alfonso II, 1162-1196"]}, "label": "Alfonso II, 1162-1196", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q199442", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4040", "label": "Aragon"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Aragon (Spain)--History--Alfonso II, 1162-1196\". Added to LCSH in 1992, revised in 1993. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1196"}, "label": "1196"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mx56": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mx56", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand I, 1521-1564"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85009695.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1564"}, "label": "1564"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "1521"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "label": "Ferdinand I, 1521-1564", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--History--Ferdinand I, 1521-1564\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.6 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g332jm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g332jm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Albert II, 1993-"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2006003301.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "2015"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1993"}, "label": "1993"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "Albert II, 1993-", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--Albert II, 1993-\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2006.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gg3b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gg3b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Justinian II, 705-711"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98006298.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0711"}, "label": "711"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0705"}, "label": "705"}, "label": "Justinian II, 705-711", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Justinian II, 705-711\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in same year. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}]}, "p06c6g34ntm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34ntm", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Wielkopolska (Poland)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85146627.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uprising, 1918-1919", "Poznań Uprising, 1918-1919"]}, "label": "Uprising, 1918-1919", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Wielkopolska (Poland)--History--Uprising, 1918-1919\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cqph": {"id": "p06c6g3cqph", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2001008866.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Tang-Five dynasties, 618-960\". Added to LCSH in 2001, revised in 2006.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0618"}, "label": "618"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tang-Five dynasties, 618-960"]}, "label": "Tang-Five dynasties, 618-960", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "note": "Period used explicitly with respect to art: \"Use as a chronological subdivision under headings for art forms qualified by the adjective Chinese.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g38h2x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g38h2x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hohenstaufen, 1138-1254"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061596.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1254"}, "label": "1254"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1138"}, "label": "1138"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Hohenstaufen, 1138-1254", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Hohenstaufen, 1138-1254\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32h47": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32h47", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["SLORC period, 1988-1997", "SLORC period"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009008448.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1997"}, "label": "1997"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1988"}, "label": "1988"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Burma"}], "label": "SLORC period, 1988-1997", "editorialNote": "Extracted from variant for header \"Burma--History--1988-\". Added to LCSH in 2009. The same header includes a second period, \"Burma--History--SPDC period, 1997-\", which we have not included here.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Burma", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tzqh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tzqh", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Canada", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85019321.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rebellion, 1837-1838", "Papineau Rebellion, 1837-1838", "Patriot War, 1837-1842"]}, "label": "Rebellion, 1837-1838", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16", "label": "Canada"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Canada--History--Rebellion, 1837-1838\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1838"}, "label": "1838"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3dgrh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3dgrh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otto III, 983-1002"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98001643.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1002"}, "label": "1002"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0983"}, "label": "983"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Otto III, 983-1002", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Otto III, 983-1002\". Added to LCSH in 1998.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zb69": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3zb69", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jin dynasty, 265-419", "Chin dynasty, 265-419"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024048.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0419"}, "label": "419"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0265"}, "label": "265"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Jin dynasty, 265-419", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"China--History--Jin dynasty, 265-419\".  Added to LCSH in 2000. Revised in 2000. Alternate label \"Chin dynasty, 265-419\" appears on p.20 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3f3p9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3f3p9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1923-1924", "Mexican Revolution"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084595.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1924"}, "label": "1924"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1923"}, "label": "1923"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}], "label": "Revolution, 1923-1924", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mexico--History--Revolution, 1923-1924\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2007.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3z7gv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1287"}, "label": "1287"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3z7gv", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Siena (Italy)", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85122340.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rule of the Nine, 1287-1355", "Rule of the Noveschi, 1287-1355"]}, "label": "Rule of the Nine, 1287-1355", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Siena (Italy)--History--Rule of the Nine, 1287-1355\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1355"}, "label": "1355"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g327z8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1481"}, "label": "1481"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g327z8", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh88007827.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bayezid II, 1481-1512"]}, "label": "Bayezid II, 1481-1512", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Turkey--History--Bayezid II, 1481-1512\". Added to LCSH in 1988 revised in 1995. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1512"}, "label": "1512"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3h2mv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3h2mv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Isaurian dynasty, 717-811"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018493.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0811"}, "label": "811"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0717"}, "label": "717"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Isaurian dynasty, 717-811", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Isaurian dynasty, 717-811\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1997. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qsgg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qsgg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John II Casimir, 1648-1668"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104048.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1668"}, "label": "1668"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "John II Casimir, 1648-1668", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--John II Casimir, 1648-1668\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g383b7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g383b7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Time of Troubles, 1598-1613", "Epoch of confusion, 1605-1613"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125775.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1613"}, "label": "1613"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1598"}, "label": "1598"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Time of Troubles, 1598-1613", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Time of Troubles, 1598-1613\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Epoch of confusion, 1605-1613\" appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3bvqm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3bvqm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Elective monarchy, 1572-1763"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104041.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1763"}, "label": "1763"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1572"}, "label": "1572"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Elective monarchy, 1572-1763", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Elective monarchy, 1572-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.93 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3shfj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3shfj", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024303.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ancient Chinese, 600-1200"]}, "label": "Ancient Chinese, 600-1200", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Chinese language--Ancient Chinese, 600-1200\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xbtd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1997"}, "label": "1997"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3xbtd", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98004015.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1997-"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1997-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q974", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Congo (Democratic Republic)--History--1997-\". Added to LCSH in 1998, revised in 2012. Alternate identifier used to supply PeriodO identifier.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gvkb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1637"}, "label": "1637"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gvkb", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008005645.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ferdinand III, 1637-1657"]}, "label": "Ferdinand III, 1637-1657", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Ferdinand III, 1637-1657\". Added to LCSH in 2008, revised in same year. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1657"}, "label": "1657"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p75f": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p75f", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Plantagenets, 1154-1399"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056749.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1399"}, "label": "1399"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1154"}, "label": "1154"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Plantagenets, 1154-1399", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Plantagenets, 1154-1399\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3k45z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3k45z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018883.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"California--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.19 of LCSH 1987, and p.17 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "California", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q99", "label": "California"}], "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cncb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cncb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republic, 1873-1875"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85126097.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1875"}, "label": "1875"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1873"}, "label": "1873"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Republic, 1873-1875", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Spain--History--Republic, 1873-1875\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.110 of LCSH 1987, and on p.93 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3973d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3973d", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85078495.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Louisiana--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 73 of LCSH 1987, and p.71 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Louisiana", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1588", "label": "Louisiana"}]}, "p06c6g3mm8q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mm8q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Restoration, 1814-1830"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051399.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1814"}, "label": "1814"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Restoration, 1814-1830", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Restoration, 1814-1830\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.39 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1995. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33hp6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "1835"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33hp6", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Florida ", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85119944.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Seminole War, 1835-1842", "Florida War, 1835-1842", "Seminole Wars, 1817-1858"]}, "label": "Second Seminole War, 1835-1842", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q812", "label": "Florida"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Seminole War, 2nd, 1835-1842\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1990. Note that alternate label \"Seminole Wars\" includes the First and Third Seminole Wars as well.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1842"}, "label": "1842"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3d9qw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3d9qw", "localizedLabels": {"uk-Latn": ["Holodomor", "Man-Made Famine", "Ukrainian Famine"], "en": ["Famine, 1932-1933", "Great Famine"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2003010182.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1933"}, "label": "1933"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1932"}, "label": "1932"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "label": "Famine, 1932-1933", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ukraine--History--Famine, 1932-1933\". Added to LCSH in 2004, revised in 2005.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ukraine", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g32vpj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g32vpj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["George III, 1760-1820"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056816.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1820"}, "label": "1820"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1760"}, "label": "1760"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "George III, 1760-1820", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--George III, 1760-1820\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.49 of LCSH 1987, and p.39 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35fsz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35fsz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leopold II, 1790-1792"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063056.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1792"}, "label": "1792"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1790"}, "label": "1790"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "Leopold II, 1790-1792", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Hungary--History--Leopold II, 1790-1792\". Appears on p. 46 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.56 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3d83b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3d83b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85028753.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Columbus (Miss.)--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.23 of LCSH 1987, and p.20 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mississippi", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1494", "label": "Mississippi"}]}, "p06c6g3kdh2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3kdh2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bulavin Uprising, 1707-1709"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125786.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1709"}, "label": "1709"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1707"}, "label": "1707"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Bulavin Uprising, 1707-1709", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Bulavin Uprising, 1707-1709\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tf2z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1847"}, "label": "1847"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tf2z", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["American occupation, 1847-1848"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084626.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "label": "American occupation, 1847-1848", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Mexico City (Mexico)--History--American occupation, 1847-1848\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mexico City (Mexico)", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1489", "label": "Mexico City"}]}, "p06c6g33j4p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33j4p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry II, 1154-1189"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056746.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1189"}, "label": "1189"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1154"}, "label": "1154"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Henry II, 1154-1189", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Great Britain--History--Henry II, 1154-1189\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Appears on appears on p.48 of LCSH 1987, and p.38 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Great Britain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pvh3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pvh3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander III, 1881-1894"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125802.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1894"}, "label": "1894"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1881"}, "label": "1881"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}], "label": "Alexander III, 1881-1894", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Russia--History--Alexander III, 1881-1894\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.107 of LCSH 1987 (source uses term \"Soviet Union\"), and on p.86 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 1992.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Russia ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g35r3d": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1961"}, "label": "1961"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g35r3d", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Angola", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85005114.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1961-1975"]}, "label": "Revolution, 1961-1975", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Angola--History--Revolution, 1961-1975\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1992. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1975"}, "label": "1975"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3m8r9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3m8r9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henry III, 1039-1056"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054535.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1056"}, "label": "1056"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1039"}, "label": "1039"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Henry III, 1039-1056", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Germany--History--Henry III, 1039-1056\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.43 of LCSH 1987, and p.34 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3pn6t": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1644"}, "label": "1644"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3pn6t", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Innocent X, 1644-1655"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85097564.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1655"}, "label": "1655"}, "label": "Innocent X, 1644-1655", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Papal States--History--Innocent X, 1644-1655\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.89 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Papal States", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170174", "label": "Papal States"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q237", "label": "Vatican City"}]}, "p06c6g3qjbg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qjbg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maximilian I, 1597-1651"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012470.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1651"}, "label": "1651"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1597"}, "label": "1597"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Maximilian I, 1597-1651", "editorialNote": "Extracting from heading \"Bavaria--History--Maximilian I, 1597-1651\". Appears on p.8 of LCSH 1975, and appears on p.8 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1994. Source notes Bavaria is in modern Germany.   ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bavaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3637v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3637v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John V, 1706-1750"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105276.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "1750"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1706"}, "label": "1706"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "John V, 1706-1750", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--John V, 1706-1750\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mtt2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3mtt2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vespasian, 69-79"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115136.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0079"}, "label": "79"}, "label": "Vespasian, 69-79", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Rome--History--Vespasian, 69-79\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 99 of LCSH 1987. Note that Rome refers to the Roman state not the city.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}]}, "p06c6g3gsm4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gsm4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Henrique, 1578-1580", "Henry I, 1578-1580"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85105269.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1580"}, "label": "1580"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1578"}, "label": "1578"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "label": "Henrique, 1578-1580", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Portugal--History--Henrique, 1578-1580\". Added to LCSH in 1986. Alternate label \"Henry I, 1578-1580\" appears on p.95 of LCSH 1987, and p.80 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2008. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3564j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3564j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British Intervention, 1838-1842", "British intervention"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2011002996.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1842"}, "label": "1842"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1838"}, "label": "1838"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}], "label": "British Intervention, 1838-1842", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Afghanistan--History--British Intervention, 1838-1842\". Added to LCSH in 2011.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Afghanistan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3t8qb": {"id": "p06c6g3t8qb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1985"}, "label": "1985"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85075638.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Lebanon--History--Israeli intervention, 1982-1985\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2011.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1982"}, "label": "1982"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Israeli intervention, 1982-1985", "Israeli intervention in Lebanon"]}, "label": "Israeli intervention, 1982-1985", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lebanon", "note": "Earlier established form: Lebanon--History--Israeli intervention, 1982-1984", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fbhm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1984"}, "label": "1984"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fbhm", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ethiopia", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85046945.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Operation Moses, 1984-1985", "Airlift of Ethiopian Jews, 1984-1985"]}, "label": "Operation Moses, 1984-1985", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q115", "label": "Ethiopia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Operation Moses, 1984-1985\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1997.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1985"}, "label": "1985"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34f6q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34f6q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1940-1945"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85012989.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}], "label": "German occupation, 1940-1945", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Belgium--History--German occupation, 1940-1945\". Added to LCSH and revised in 2004.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Belgium", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g33h62": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g33h62", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Restoration, 1853-1870", "Meiji Restoration"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069482.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1870"}, "label": "1870"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1853"}, "label": "1853"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Restoration, 1853-1870", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Restoration, 1853-1870\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2010.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hkvt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hkvt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of Independence, 1810-1824"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85023882.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1824"}, "label": "1824"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q298", "label": "Chile"}], "label": "War of Independence, 1810-1824", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Chile--History--War of Independence, 1810-1824\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.18 of LCSH 1987, and appears on p.15 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chile", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3cq26": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3cq26", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of civil wars, 1480-1603"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85069468.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1480"}, "label": "1480"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "label": "Period of civil wars, 1480-1603", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Japan--History--Period of civil wars, 1480-1603\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.67 of LCSH 1987, and p.54 of LCSH 1975. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3fh68": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3fh68", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Galatian Invasion, 279-278 B.C"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85057090.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0277"}, "label": "278 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0278"}, "label": "279 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Galatian Invasion, 279-278 B.C", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Greece--History--Galatian Invasion, 279-278 B.C\". Added in to LCSH in 1986; appears on p. 52 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jc8g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3jc8g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander, 1501-1506"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85104037.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1506"}, "label": "1506"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1501"}, "label": "1501"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Alexander, 1501-1506", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Poland--History--Alexander, 1501-1506\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.92 of LCSH 1987, and p.78 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2003. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland ", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tnnk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tnnk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Romanus II, 959-963"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018499.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0963"}, "label": "963"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0959"}, "label": "959"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Romanus II, 959-963", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Romanus II, 959-963\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. Revised in 1993. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3ww2s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ww2s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Joseph II, 1780-1790"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063055.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1790"}, "label": "1790"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1780"}, "label": "1780"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "Joseph II, 1780-1790", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Austria--history--Joseph II, 1780-1790\". Added to LCSH in 1986;  on p.46 of LCSH 1975, and on p.56 of LCSH 1987.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hungary", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3b6tk": {"id": "p06c6g3b6tk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2011003228.html", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Tunisia--History--Demonstrations, 2010-\". Added to LCSH in 2011, revised in 2012.", "start": {"in": {"year": "2010"}, "label": "2010"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Demonstrations, 2010-", "Bouzid Revolt, 2010-", "Jasmine Revolution, 2010-", "Sidi Bouzid Revolt, 2010-", "Tunisian revolution, 2010-", "Tunisian protests,  2010-", "Tunisian revolt, 2010-", "Tunisian riots, 2010-", "Tunisian unrest, 2010-"]}, "label": "Demonstrations, 2010-", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tunisia", "note": "\"Note under [Arab Spring, 2010-]\" from section \"Example Notes\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3hkqn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3hkqn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1871", "Franco-German War", "Franco Prussian War"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051543.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1871"}, "label": "1871"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1870"}, "label": "1870"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1871", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1871\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France, Germany", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3qmx2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0640"}, "label": "640"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3qmx2", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iran", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85067898.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval and modern Iran, 640-"]}, "label": "Medieval and modern Iran, 640-", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Iran--History--640-\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1995. Earlier established form used as primary label. ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g34z5b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g34z5b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frederick III, 1648-1670"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092665.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1670"}, "label": "1670"}, "label": "Frederick III, 1648-1670", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Norway--History--Frederick III, 1648-1670\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.86 of LCSH 1987, and p.72 of LCSH 1975.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Norway", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q20", "label": "Norway"}]}, "p06c6g3ff72": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3ff72", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interregnum, 1886-1887"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85017876.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1887"}, "label": "1887"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1886"}, "label": "1886"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}], "label": "Interregnum, 1886-1887", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Bulgaria--History--Interregnum, 1886-1887\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.13 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bulgaria", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3g2tf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3g2tf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rupert, 1400-1410"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85061608.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1410"}, "label": "1410"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12548", "label": "Holy Roman Empire"}], "label": "Rupert, 1400-1410", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Holy Roman Empire--History--Rupert, 1400-1410\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Roman Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3gjt3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3gjt3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manuel I Comnenus, 1143-1180"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85018505.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1180"}, "label": "1180"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1143"}, "label": "1143"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "label": "Manuel I Comnenus, 1143-1180", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Byzantine Empire--History--Manuel I Comnenus, 1143-1180\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.14 of LCSH 1987. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g384vw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g384vw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Republic, 1870-1940"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85051411.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1870"}, "label": "1870"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "label": "Third Republic, 1870-1940", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"France--History--Third Republic, 1870-1940\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.40 of LCSH 1987, and p.31 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2005.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p9j7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1959"}, "label": "1959"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3p9j7", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ruanda-Urundi", "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115628.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1959-1962"]}, "label": "Civil War, 1959-1962", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1037", "label": "Rwanda"}], "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ruanda-Urundi--History--Civil War, 1959-1962\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1962"}, "label": "1962"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tvkj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3tvkj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Empire, 1822-1889", "Empire"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85016561.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1889"}, "label": "1889"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1822"}, "label": "1822"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}], "label": "Empire, 1822-1889", "editorialNote": "Extracted from \"Brazil--History--Empire, 1822-1889\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1994.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3c433": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3c433", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["German occupation, 1941-1944"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125816.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1944"}, "label": "1944"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184", "label": "Belarus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191", "label": "Estonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia (country)"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q813", "label": "Kyrgyzstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q211", "label": "Latvia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37", "label": "Lithuania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}], "label": "German occupation, 1941-1944", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Soviet Union--History--German Occupation, 1941-1944\". Added to LCSH in 2004; appears on p.108 of LCSH 1987, and on p.87 of LCSH 1975 (source uses term \"Russia\"). Revised in 2004. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Soviet Union", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3wwzh": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3wwzh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1983-2005", "Second Sudanese Civil War", " Sudanese Civil War, Sudan, 1983-2005"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99003690.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2005"}, "label": "2005"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1983"}, "label": "1983"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "label": "Civil War, 1983-2005", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sudan--History--Civil War, 1983-2005\". Added to LCSH in 1999, revised in 2011.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sudan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rmch": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06c6g3rmch", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gustav IV Adolf, 1792-1809", "Gustavus IV Adolphus"]}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85131078.html", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1809"}, "label": "1809"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1792"}, "label": "1792"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "label": "Gustav IV Adolf, 1792-1809", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sweden--History--Gustav IV Adolf, 1792-1809\". Added to LCSH in 1986; appears on p.112 of LCSH 1987, and p.96 of LCSH 1975. Revised in 2007. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3zdg6": {"stop": {"label": "1775", "in": {"year": "1775"}}, "start": {"label": "1600", "in": {"year": "1600"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1454", "label": "North Carolina"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092484.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Carolina", "label": "Colonial Period, ca. 1600-1775", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"North Carolina--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial Period, ca. 1600-1775"]}, "id": "p06c6g3zdg6", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3jjrw": {"stop": {"label": "1763", "in": {"year": "1763"}}, "start": {"label": "1754, 1755", "in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1400", "label": "Pennsylvania"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85102516.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pittsburgh (Pa.)", "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pittsburgh (Pa.)--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSHin 1986, revised in 2012.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "id": "p06c6g3jjrw", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3xm2x": {"stop": {"label": "1865", "in": {"year": "1865"}}, "start": {"label": "1861", "in": {"year": "1861"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1454", "label": "North Carolina"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092491.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Carolina", "label": "Civil War, 1861-1865", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"North Carolina--History--Civil War, 1861-1865\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Civil War, 1861-1865"]}, "id": "p06c6g3xm2x", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3mfcb": {"stop": {"label": "1763", "in": {"year": "1763"}}, "start": {"label": "1754, 1755", "in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16", "label": "Canada"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85109782.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Québec", "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Québec (Québec)--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2012.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "id": "p06c6g3mfcb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3s2tf": {"stop": {"label": "1763", "in": {"year": "1763"}}, "start": {"label": "1754, 1755", "in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1454", "label": "North Carolina"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092486.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Carolina", "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"North Carolina--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2012.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "id": "p06c6g3s2tf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3prpr": {"stop": {"label": "1763", "in": {"year": "1763"}}, "start": {"label": "1754, 1755", "in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1384", "label": "New York"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85135261.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ticonderoga (N.Y.)", "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Ticonderoga (N.Y.)--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2012.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "id": "p06c6g3prpr", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tktj": {"stop": {"label": "1771", "in": {"year": "1771"}}, "start": {"label": "1766", "in": {"year": "1766"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1454", "label": "North Carolina"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh87001593.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Carolina", "label": "Regulator Insurrection", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"North Carolina--History--Regulator Insurrection, 1766-1771--Campaigns\". Added to LCSH in 1987, revised in same year.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Regulator Insurrection"]}, "id": "p06c6g3tktj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3p2n9": {"stop": {"label": "1783", "in": {"year": "1783"}}, "start": {"label": "1775", "in": {"year": "1775"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1454", "label": "North Carolina"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85092488.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Carolina", "label": "Revolution, 1775-1783", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"North Carolina--History--Revolution, 1775-1783\". Added to LCSH in 1986.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolution, 1775-1783"]}, "id": "p06c6g3p2n9", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3rpz3": {"stop": {"label": "1763", "in": {"year": "1763"}}, "start": {"label": "1754, 1755", "in": {"earliestYear": "1754", "latestYear": "1755"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1400", "label": "Pennsylvania"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85099525.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pennsylvania", "label": "French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Pennsylvania--History--French and Indian War, 1754-1763\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 2012.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["French and Indian War, 1754-1763", "French and Indian War, 1755-1763"]}, "id": "p06c6g3rpz3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3nnc4": {"stop": {"label": "1479", "in": {"year": "1479"}}, "start": {"label": "1475", "in": {"year": "1475"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009009291.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain, Portugal", "label": "War of the Castilian Succession, 1475-1479", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from \"War of the Castilian Succession, 1475-1479\"; added to LCSH in 2009, revised in 2010. Spatial coverage inferred from connection of term to broader subject headings for both Spain and Portugal.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["War of the Castilian Succession, 1475-1479", "Castilian Civil War", "Castilian War", "Luso-Castilian War", "Peninsular War", "War of 1475-1479", "War of Portugal"]}, "id": "p06c6g3nnc4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3379t": {"stop": {"label": "1830", "in": {"year": "1830"}}, "start": {"label": "1814", "in": {"year": "1814"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85098055.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Paris (France)", "label": "Restoration, 1814-1830", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Paris (France)--History--Restoration, 1814-1830\". Added to LCSH in 1986; differentiated from the period \"Restoration\" of the same dates applied to France as a whole.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Restoration, 1814-1830"]}, "id": "p06c6g3379t", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g382k2": {"stop": {"label": "1166", "in": {"year": "1166"}}, "start": {"label": "1154", "in": {"year": "1154"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh97006879.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sicily", "label": "William I, 1154-1166", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Sicily (Italy)--History--William I, 1154-1166\". Added to LCSH in 1997, revised in 1997.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William I, 1154-1166"]}, "id": "p06c6g382k2", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3n3ts": {"stop": {"label": "1864", "in": {"year": "1864"}}, "start": {"label": "1816", "in": {"year": "1816"}}, "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005003674.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Württemberg (Germany)", "label": "William I, 1816-1864", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"Württemberg (Germany)--History--William I, 1816-1864\". Added to LCSH in 2005.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["William I, 1816-1864"]}, "id": "p06c6g3n3ts", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}]}, "p06c6g3xf3x": {"stop": {"label": "1783", "in": {"year": "1783"}}, "start": {"label": "1775", "in": {"year": "1775"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85004338.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United States", "label": "Revolutionary period, 1775-1783", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from \"American literature--Revolutionary period, 1775-1783\", added to LCSH in 1986. The temporal term is only used as a descriptor for creative fields (literature, drama, poetry) in the US; the \"History--\" subject for the same period is organized by state.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Revolutionary period, 1775-1783"]}, "id": "p06c6g3xf3x", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06c6g3tw2c": {"stop": {"label": "1700", "in": {"year": "1700"}}, "start": {"label": "1660", "in": {"year": "1660"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "url": "http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85043342.html", "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Restoration, 1660-1700", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Extracted from heading \"English drama--Restoration, 1660-1700\". Added to LCSH in 1986, revised in 1990. This definition appears to apply specifically to literature, and differs in its end date from the historical period of the same name listed under Great Britain--History.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Restoration, 1660-1700"]}, "id": "p06c6g3tw2c", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0z5nvh": {"source": {"title": "Art history", "contributors": [{"name": "Cateforis, David.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/208783764"}, {"name": "Addiss, Stephen, 1935-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/109510098"}], "yearPublished": 2005, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "creators": [{"name": "Stokstad, Marilyn, 1929-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/84493762"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0z5nvh", "periods": {"p0z5nvhcdk7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0726"}, "label": "726 CE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvhcdk7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of Iconoclasm"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 262"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "label": "Period of Iconoclasm", "editorialNote": "For spatial coverage label, please see map on page 235.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0843"}, "label": "843 CE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvhbsjv": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1049"}, "label": "c. 1050 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvhbsjv", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Proto-Geometric Period", "Proto-Geometric"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 113"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Proto-Geometric Period", "editorialNote": "For spatial coverage label, please see map on page 85.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvh9k86": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0026"}, "label": "27 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvh9k86", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Empire"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 231"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Roman Empire", "editorialNote": "For spatial coverage label, please see map on page 171.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "395 CE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvh8g82": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1449"}, "label": "c. 1450 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvh8g82", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 105"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Late Minoan", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvhpjd3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "c. 30 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvhpjd3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kushan and Later Andhra Periods", "Kushan and Later Andhra"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "pages 319, 312"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q917", "label": "Bhutan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q902", "label": "Bangladesh"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q854", "label": "Sri Lanka"}], "label": "Kushan and Later Andhra Periods", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Asia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0433"}, "label": "433 CE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvhcxgn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "c. 700 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvhcxgn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Orientalizing Period", "Orientalizing"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 113"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Orientalizing Period", "editorialNote": "For spatial coverage label, please see map on page 85.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvh9s8x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvh9s8x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic Period", "Hellenistic"]}, "editorialNote": "See also map on page 85.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 113"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Hellenistic Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ancient Greece, Macedonia, Egypt, Asia Minor", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0029", "earliestYear": "-0030"}, "label": "31/30 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvh25ps": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "100 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvh25ps", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Christian"]}, "editorialNote": "Map on page 235: \"The eastern Mediterranean lands of Canaan and Judaea were centers of Jewish settlement.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 281"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Early Christian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Canaan, Judaea", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0600", "earliestYear": "0501"}, "label": "6th century CE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvht7jr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0768"}, "label": "c. 768 CE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvht7jr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Carolingian Empire"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "pages 471, 450"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}], "label": "Carolingian Empire", "editorialNote": "For spatial coverage label, please see map on page 235 and pages 450-1.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0887"}, "label": "887 CE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvhjb4k": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "c. 1700 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvhjb4k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Minoan New Palace period", "Minoan New Palace"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 105"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Minoan New Palace period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1449"}, "label": "1450 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvhk4b3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0843"}, "label": "843 CE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvhk4b3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Byzantine Period", "Middle Byzantine"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 262"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "label": "Middle Byzantine Period", "editorialNote": "For spatial coverage label, please see map on page 235.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204 CE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvhmjhj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvhmjhj", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Helladic period", "Helladic", "Mycenaean culture"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "pages 95, 105"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Helladic period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mycenae, Crete, Greece", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvhp6sr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "c. 700 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvhp6sr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Etruscan Supremacy"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 231"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Etruscan Supremacy", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italian peninsula, Etruria", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0508"}, "label": "509 BCE"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0z5nvht3kw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1899"}, "label": "c. 1900 BCE"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0z5nvht3kw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Minoan Old Palace period", "Minoan Old Palace"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53059176", "locator": "page 105"}, "spatialCoverage": 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C.)\" page 15\n\"..the civilization which grew up on the banks of the Nile...\" page 15, and map on page 16.\n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Old Empire"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2079"}, "label": "2080 B.C."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1967955", "locator": "page 15"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "The Old Empire", "spatialCoverageDescription": "on the banks of the Nile", "id": "p0c3bh88wf6", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0c3bh8k2cc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2079"}, "label": "2080 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"The Middle Empire (2080-1525 B.C.)\" page 16.\n\"..the civilization which grew up on the banks of the Nile...\" page 15, and map on page 16.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Middle Empire"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1524"}, "label": "1525 B.C."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1967955", "locator": "page 16"}, 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"language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"Later Babylonian Empire (625-538)... in 625 B.C., their combined forces captured Nineveh...captured by Cyrus the Great (538 B.C.).\" page 50.\n\"Babylonia\" - on map, page 46.\n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Babylonian Empire"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0537"}, "label": "538 B.C."}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1967955", "locator": "page 50"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Later Babylonian Empire", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Babylonia", "id": "p0c3bh8rqg9", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0jf288": {"source": {"title": "A system of universal history, in perspective : accompanied by an atlas exhibiting chronology in a picture of nations and progressive geography in a series of maps", "contributors": [], "yearPublished": "1835", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "creators": [{"name": "Emma Willard", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/54499159"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0jf288", "periods": {"p0jf288tm86": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4003"}, "label": "Creation, 4004 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288tm86", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ancient History, Period I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 2"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "label": "Ancient History, Period I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Assyria, Babylonia, Egypt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1920"}, "label": "First Epocha, 1921 B.C., The Calling of Abraham "}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288j39s": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0751"}, "label": "Fourth Epocha, 752 B.C., Foundation of Rome"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288j39s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ancient History, Period V"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 30"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Ancient History, Period V", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Assyria, Judea, Israel, Media, Greece, Persia, Macedonia, Rome", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "Fifth Epocha, 323 B.C., Death of Alexander the Great"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288zgv3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1610"}, "label": "Second Epocha, 1610 A.D., The Assassination of Henry IV"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288zgv3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern History, Period III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 262"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q26", "label": "Northern Ireland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "label": "Modern History, Period III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, France, England, Scotland, Ireland, Spain, Portugal", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "Third Epocha, 1648 A.D., The execution of Charles I. of England and the treaty of Wesphalia"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288tfzs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1559"}, "label": "First Epocha, 1559 A.D., The Treaty of Chateau Cambresis"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288tfzs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern History, Period II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 245"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Modern History, Period II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "England, Scotland, Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, France, Germany, Ottoman Empire, Malta, Cyprus", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1610"}, "label": "Second Epocha, 1610 A.D., Assassination of Henry IV"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288cb42": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "Ninth Epocha, 1815 A.D., Battle of Waterloo"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288cb42", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern History, Period IX"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 370"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155", "label": "Brazil"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q96", "label": "Mexico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Modern History, Period IX", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Brazil and Portugal, Spanish America, Greece, France, Russia, Prussia, Austria, Poland, Belgium, Great Britain, United States of America", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "Present Time, 1835 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288kr5r": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1748"}, "label": "Fifth Epocha, 1748 A.D., Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288kr5r", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern History, Period VI"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 313"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16", "label": "Canada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Modern History, Period VI", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, Great Britain, North American colonies of England and France, Poland", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "Sixth Epocha, 1776 A.D., American Independence"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288ww4h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "First Epocha, 395 A.D., Division of the Roman Empire"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The Western Empire is defined as \"Italy, Africa, Gaul, Spain, and Britain, and the provinces of Noricum, Pannonia, and Dalmatia\", the Eastern Empire as \"the provinces of Thrace, Dacia, Macedonia, Syria, and Egypt\" (131). Chapter III of this section covers \"France, Britain, Spain, Italy, &c.\" (142). ", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle History, Period II"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0622"}, "label": "Second Epocha, 622 A.D., Hegira or Flight of Mahomet"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 131"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Middle History, Period II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "the Western Empire, the Eastern Empire, Africa, Persia, France, Britain, Spain, Italy", "id": "p0jf288ww4h", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288ftz7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1776"}, "label": "Sixth Epocha, 1776 A.D., Declaration of American Independence"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288ftz7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern History, Period VII"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 328"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}], "label": "Modern History, Period VII", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Republic of America, Great Britain, India, France, Italy, Austria, Egypt, Syria, Russia, St. Domingo", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1802"}, "label": "Seventh Epocha, 1802 A.D., Peace of Amiens"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288qd53": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0979"}, "label": "Third Epocha, 980 B.C., Death of Solomon"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288qd53", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ancient History, Period IV"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 26"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "label": "Ancient History, Period IV", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt, Judea, Jerusalem, Israel, Syria, Greece", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0751"}, "label": "Fourth Epocha, 752 B.C., Foundation of Rome"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288xqds": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "Christian Era, 1 A.D."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288xqds", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle History, Period I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 103"}, "label": "Middle History, Period I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "The Roman Empire, Persia, Britain, Germany, Palmyra, the kingdoms of the Goths, Thrace, Pannonia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "First Epocha, 395 A.D., The division of the Roman Empire"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288zw2c": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "Fourth Epocha, 1100 A.D., Commencement of the Crusades"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288zw2c", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle History, Period V"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 178"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "label": "Middle History, Period V", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine, Syria, Africa, Germany, France, England, Asia Minor, Eastern Empire, China, Switzerland, Austria, Bohemia, Spain and Portugal, Italy, Ottoman Empire", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "Fifth Epocha, 1492 A.D., The Discovery of America"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288hbm3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "Fourth Epocha, 1713 A.D., Treaty of Utrecht, closing the war of the Spanish succession"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288hbm3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern History, Period V"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 304"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}], "label": "Modern History, Period V", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria, Hungary, Spanish Netherlands, Italy, Prussia, Sicily, Spain, England, France, Germany, Bohemia, Flanders", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1748"}, "label": "Fifth Epocha, 1748 A.D., Peace of Aix-la Chapelle"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288j7b5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1802"}, "label": "Seventh Epocha, 1802 A.D., Peace of Amiens"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288j7b5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern History, Period VIII"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 350"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16", "label": "Canada"}], "label": "Modern History, Period VIII", "spatialCoverageDescription": "French Empire, Great Britain, Austria, Holland, Russia, Denmark, America, Canada, ", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "Eighth Epocha, 1815 A.D., Battle of Waterloo"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288wxct": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "Third Epocha, 1648 A.D., Peace of Wesphalia and the execution of Charles I."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Willard notes that the account of the history for this period for \"the northern nations\" extends beyond its chronological boundaries (up to 1725) in order to encompass the \"close of the career of of the two principle actors, Charles XII. and Peter the Great\" (303).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern History, Period IV"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1713"}, "label": "Fourth Epocha, 1713 A.D., Treaty of Utrecht, closing the war of the Spanish succession"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 277"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q26", "label": "Northern Ireland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35", "label": "Denmark"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "label": "Modern History, Period IV", "spatialCoverageDescription": "France, Sweden, England, Scotland, Ireland, Holland, Germany, Spain, Russia, Denmark, Poland", "id": "p0jf288wxct", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288992q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1490"}, "label": "Second Epocha, 1491 B.C., Institution of the Passover"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288992q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ancient History, Period III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 18"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": 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"Arabia, Persia, Syria, Africa, Spain, Gaul, Eastern Empire, France, Britain, Italy", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "Third Epocha, 800 A.D., Coronation of Charlemagne"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288v3p3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "Fifth Epocha, 323 B.C., Death of Alexander the Great"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288v3p3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ancient History, Period VI"]}, "editorialNote": "The year is not noted on this first page, but it is on the page for the Middle History Period I, page 103.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 69"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Ancient History, Period VI", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt, Syria, Macedonia, Thrace, Asia Minor, Greece, Rome, Carthage, Numidia, Parthia, Armenia, Gaul, Britain, Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "Sixth Epocha, 1 A.D., Christian Era."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288p7md": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "Third Epocha, 800 A.D., Coronation of Charlemagne"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288p7md", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle History, Period IV"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 156"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "label": "Middle History, Period IV", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Germany, Italy, France, England, Scotland, Spain, Russia, Greek Empire, Empire of the Caliphs, Turkey", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "Fourth Epocha, 1100 A.D., Commencement of the Crusades"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jf288v75n": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492 A.D., Discovery of America"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0jf288v75n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern History, Period I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/765804667", "locator": "page 235"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}, {"id": 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"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}], "label": "Modern History, Period I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "England, Scotland, Spain, France, Germany, Portugal, Switzerland, Italy, Russia, Sweden, Denmark, Poland, Ottoman Empire, Cuba, Hispaniola, Orinoco River, Brazil", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1559"}, "label": "First Epocha, 1559 A.D., The Treaty of Chateau Cambresis"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p05n4hj": {"source": {"citation": "Musée du Louvre (Paris)., Pottier, E., & Union académique internationale. (1926). Corpus vasorum antiquorum: Fascicule 5, Fascicule 4. Paris: Librairie ancienne Édouard Champion.\n", "title": "Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, France. Fascicule 5, Musée du Louvre. Fascicule 4.", "contributors": [{"name": "Union académique internationale"}], "yearPublished": "1926", "creators": [{"name": "Edmond Pottier"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p05n4hj", "periods": {"p05n4hj5h6c": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0699", "earliestYear": "-0799"}, "label": "Vers le VIIIe siècle"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0599", "earliestYear": "-0699"}, "label": "Vers le VIIe siècle"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du fer. Époque grecque orientalisante", "Époque orientalisante"], "en": ["Iron Age", "Greek Orientalizing Period"]}, "id": "p05n4hj5h6c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Age du fer. Époque grecque orientalisante", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chypre", "note": "\"Caractères généraux semblables: décor en noir avec quelques retouches blanches et introduction du rouge\"", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hjrw5p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000 av. J.-C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 av. J.-C."}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age néolithique (entre 3000 et 2000 av. J.-C.)"], "en": ["Neolithic period"]}, "editorialNote": "Neolithic period collection restricted to Plates 1 and 2", "id": "p05n4hjrw5p", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Age néolithique (entre 3000 et 2000 av. J.-C.)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Troade (Hissarlik)", "note": "Les fouilles de Troie conduites par Schliemann de 1870 à 1890, continuées par Doerpfeld en 1893-94, ont donné lieu à nombreuses publications dont on trouvera les références dans Perrot et Chipiez, 'Hist. de l'art', VI, p. 154 et suiv., p. 895 et suiv.; Dussaud, 'Les Civilisations préhelléniques, 2e édit., p. 118 et suiv. Parmi les principales nous citerons: Schliemann, 'Ilios', 1881; trad. française Egger, 1885; C. Schuchhardt, 'Schliemann's Ausgrahungen', 1891; Doerpfeld, 'Troja und Ilion', 2 vol. 1902; H. Schmidt, 'Trojanisch. Alterthümer', 1902.\n\nPour le classement des poteries de ce genre, voir, dans la série faite pour l'Union Académique Interntionale, la Classification (n. 7) de D.G. Hogarth, 'Pottery of Asia Minor (except greek colonies)'.", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hjrtts": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1349", "earliestYear": "-1649"}, "label": "Seconde partie du second millénaire"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "Seconde partie du second millénaire"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du bronze moyen et plus récent (seconde partie du second millénaire)"], "en": ["Middle and Late Bronze Age"]}, "editorialNote": "Original cataloguer preferred to use the whole millennium as a date range, but the editors feel that a start that covers the middle third of the millennium is reasonable from context.", "id": "p05n4hjrtts", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Age du bronze moyen et plus récent (seconde partie du second millénaire)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chypre", "note": "\"Caractères généraux: argile blanchatre, plus rarement rouge avec engobe blanc: façonnage à la main ou au tour primitif; décor en noir mat tournant parfois au rouge; formation du style géometrique peint.\"", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hj6c6j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "id": "p05n4hj6c6j", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Style attique à figures rouges (style libre)", "Style libre"], "en": ["Attic Red Figure", "Free Style"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "Seconde moitié du Ve siècle"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Style attique à figures rouges (style libre)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chypre", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0366", "earliestYear": "-0399"}, "label": "Début du IVe siècle"}, "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hjvj7c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "id": "p05n4hjvj7c", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du bronze ancien et moyen (second millénaire)"], "en": ["Early and Middle Bronze Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "Second millénaire"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Age du bronze ancien et moyen (second millénaire)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chypre", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "Second millénaire"}, "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hjp3jj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "id": "p05n4hjp3jj", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Style attique à figures noires", "Style du VIe siècle"], "en": ["Attic Black Figure", "6th Century Style"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "VIe siècle"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Style attique à figures noires", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chypre", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "VIe siècle"}, "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hj2gr6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "id": "p05n4hj2gr6", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du bronze plus récent (seconde partie du second millénaire)"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "Seconde partie du second millénaire"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1349", "earliestYear": "-1649"}, "label": "Seconde partie du second millénaire"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Age du bronze plus récent (seconde partie du second millénaire)", "editorialNote": "Original cataloguer preferred to use the whole millennium as a date range, but the editors feel that a start that covers the middle third of the millennium is reasonable from context.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chypre", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hjrpbm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "id": "p05n4hjrpbm", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du bronze (second millénaire av. J.-C.)"], "en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "Seconde millénaire av. J.-C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Age du bronze (second millénaire av. J.-C.)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Troade (Hissarlik)", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "Seconde millénaire av. J.-C."}, "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hjw7ns": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "Troisième millénaire"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1499", "earliestYear": "-1999"}, "label": "partie du seconde millénaire"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du cuivre et âge du bronze ancien (troisième millénaire et partie du second millénaire)"], "en": ["Copper Age and Early Bronze Age"]}, "id": "p05n4hjw7ns", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Age du cuivre et âge du bronze ancien (troisième millénaire et partie du second millénaire)", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chypre", "note": "\"J'ai...conservé, à peu près et quoi qu'il fût déjà fort ancien, le classement de mon [Pottier's] 'Catal. des vases du Louvre' (1896), en y introduisant les changements indispensables, qu'on trouvera notés dans les descriptions. J'ai ajouté les divisions générales qui sont aujourd'hui usitées, avec les dates approximatives qui en résultent.\"\n\n\"Caractères généraux: argile noire ou rouge (ou à engobe rouge), lustrée par polissage; façonnage à la main; bases rondes ou aplaties sans pied; décor à relief ou à incisions (avec ou sans incrustations blanches)\"\n\n", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hjrqrf": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0599", "earliestYear": "-0699"}, "label": "Vers le VIIe siècle"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0499", "earliestYear": "-0599"}, "label": "Vers le VIe siècle"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du fer plus récent"], "en": ["Late Iron Age"]}, "id": "p05n4hjrqrf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Age du fer plus récent", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chypre", "note": "\"Fabrication spéciale à engobe rouge luisant; formes fines et soignées; décor en noir mat, parfois avec retouches en blanc.\"", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p05n4hjnrw7": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0899", "earliestYear": "-0999"}, "label": "Xe siècle"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0699", "earliestYear": "-0799"}, "label": "VIIIe siècle"}, "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du fer. Époque du style géométrique grec ", "Style géometrique grec"], "en": ["Iron Age", "Greek Geometric Style"]}, "editorialNote": "Date range: \"entre le Xe et le VIII siècle\"", "id": "p05n4hjnrw7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "label": "Age du fer. Époque du style géométrique grec ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chypre", "note": "\"Caractères généraux: argile blanchatre sans engobe, plus rarement rougeâtre ou jaunâtre avec engobe blanc; emploi du tour; bases plates bien formées ou pied en bourrelet; décor en noir mat (rares retouches rouges)\"", "languageTag": "fr"}}}, "p05xnzq": {"source": {"title": "Rome : an Oxford archaeological guide to Rome", "contributors": [{"name": "Cubberley, Tony.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/224180456"}, {"name": "Toms, Judith.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/44517357"}], "yearPublished": 1998, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37878669", "creators": [{"name": "Claridge, Amanda.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/76418963"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p05xnzq", "periods": {"p05xnzqf2tf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "AD 96"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05xnzqf2tf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Empire"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37878669", "locator": "page 17"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "High Empire", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0180"}, "label": "AD 180"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05xnzq944b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "AD 193"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05xnzq944b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Severans", "Severans"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37878669", "locator": "page 20"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "The Severans", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0238"}, "label": "AD 238"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p05xnzq8jrm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "AD 69"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p05xnzq8jrm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Flavians", "Flavians"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37878669", "locator": "page 16"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "The Flavians", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "AD 96"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p044n25": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Iron Age society and chronology in South-east Kazakhstan", "contributors": [], "yearPublished": "2003-06", "id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00092280", "creators": [{"name": "Perry A. Tourtellotte", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/perry-a-tourtellotte-3ktd9ufexk70q"}, {"name": "Arlene M. Rosen", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/arlene-m-rosen-3ktd9ufexk70q"}, {"name": "Norbert Benecke", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/norbert-benecke-3ktd9ufexk70q"}, {"name": "Claudia Chang", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/claudia-chang-3ktd9ufexk70q"}, {"name": "Fedor P. Grigoriev", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/fedor-p-grigoriev-3ktd9ufexk70q"}]}, "locator": "p. 310"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p044n25", "editorialNote": "There were some problems with the citation parser during the import of the source. The journal name (Antiquity) is not included. Furthermore, the DOI parser lists the authors in a different order than they appeared in the original article: Chang, Benecke, Grigoriev, Rosen and Tourtellotte. The formatted citation is as follows:\n\nChang, Claudia, Norbert Benecke, Fedor P. Grigoriev, Arlene M. Rosen, and Perry A. Tourtellotte. 2003. “Iron Age society and chronology in South-east Kazakhstan.” Antiquity 77, 296: 298–312.\n", "periods": {"p044n25fx5h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p044n25fx5h", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Saka"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "100 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}], "label": "Saka", "editorialNote": "In A. Rosen, C. Chang, and F. Grigoriev, 2000, \"Palaeoenvironments and economy of Iron Age Saka-Wusun agro-pastoralists in southeastern Kazakhstan\", Antiquity 74:611-623, the Wusun period in this region is defined as \"c. 300 BC-AD 200\" and the Saka period as \"c. 750-300 BC\" (p. 611).", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South eastern Kazakhstan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p044n25rkw5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p044n25rkw5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mongol"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1210"}, "label": "1210 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}], "label": "Mongol", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South eastern Kazakhstan", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500 AD"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p044n25mvwb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p044n25mvwb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Historic Kazakh"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2003"}, "label": "present"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}], "label": "Historic Kazakh", "editorialNote": "\"Present\" in date range interpreted as date of publication.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South eastern Kazakhstan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p044n259mnf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p044n259mnf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wusun"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500 AD"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "200 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}], "label": "Wusun", "editorialNote": "In A. Rosen, C. Chang, and F. Grigoriev, 2000, \"Palaeoenvironments and economy of Iron Age Saka-Wusun agro-pastoralists in southeastern Kazakhstan\", Antiquity 74:611-623, the Wusun period in this region is defined as \"c. 300 BC-AD 200\" and the Saka period as \"c. 750-300 BC\" (p. 611).", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South eastern Kazakhstan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p044n255zj8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p044n255zj8", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turkic"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}], "label": "Turkic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South eastern Kazakhstan", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900 AD"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p044n254d9s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p044n254d9s", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval Islamic"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "750 AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}], "label": "Medieval Islamic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "South eastern Kazakhstan", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200 AD"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0m9pcg": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Exploration and exploitation in the macrohistory of the pre-Hispanic Pueblo Southwest", "contributors": [], "yearPublished": "2016-04-01", "id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501532", "creators": [{"name": "K. W. Kintigh", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/k-w-kintigh-77704u7rqhzj"}, {"name": "T. A. Kohler", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/t-a-kohler-77704u7rqhzj"}, {"name": "J. Rush", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/j-rush-77704u7rqhzj"}, {"name": "R. K. Bocinsky", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/r-k-bocinsky-77704u7rqhzj"}]}, "locator": "5"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0m9pcg", "editorialNote": "These are revised Pecos period definitions (including subperiods) derived explicitly from a large database of tree-ring cutting dates from across the Ancestral Pueblo Southwest. Basketmaker III is truncated to start at AD 500; Pueblo IV is truncated to end at AD 1400; all periods are rounded to the nearest 5th year. We wanted to identify the points in time when the rate of change in the cutting-date frequency was transitioning from slowing down to accelerating, to break up Fig. 2B into five Pecos periods (and their subperiods) based on the four primary “humps” in the cutting-date frequency distribution. To do so, we calculated the modal inflection points (the points at which a continuous vector switches from being concave to being convex, or vice versa) in a series of kernel density estimates of the number of cells with cutting dates through time (Fig. 2B), each using a Gaussian kernel (that is, a normal distribution). Because the smoothness of kernel density distributions is determined by the kernel bandwidth (here, the SD of the Gaussian kernel), we estimated inflection points for density distributions with kernel bandwidths ranging from 0.01 to 50 years, in 0.01-year increments (5000 kernel density estimates). For each density distribution, we calculated a series of inflection points as the years where the second derivative of the kernel density estimate function was zero. Kernel distributions with very small bandwidths will have many inflection points, whereas those with large bandwidths (that is, very smooth distributions) will only have a few. The inflection points of each of the kernel density distributions were combined to calculate the 10 most common inflection years. Inflection years were rounded to the nearest fifth year. One break in the P IV period (at A.D. 1365) was discarded because P IV was determined to not fit the demographic and organizational pattern of the earlier periods. All source code for defining these periods are available at http://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/ content/full/2/4/e1501532/DC1.", "periods": {"p0m9pcgxbqx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcgxbqx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo II", "P II", "PII"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0890"}, "label": "AD 890"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1145"}, "label": "AD 1145"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcg8f2v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcg8f2v", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo I Exploration", "P I Exploration", "PI Exploration"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "AD 700"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo I Exploration", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0790"}, "label": "AD 790"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcgffxd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcgffxd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo II Exploitation", "P II Exploitation", "PII Exploitation"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1035"}, "label": "AD 1035"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo II Exploitation", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1145"}, "label": "AD 1145"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcg2249": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcg2249", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo I Exploitation", "P I Exploitation", "PI Exploitation"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0790"}, "label": "AD 790"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo I Exploitation", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0890"}, "label": "AD 890"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcgf45j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcgf45j", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo I", "P I", "PI"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "AD 700"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo I", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0890"}, "label": "AD 890"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcgjnr5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcgjnr5", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Basketmaker III Exploration", "BM III Exploration", "BMIII Exploration"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "AD 500"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Basketmaker III Exploration", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "AD 600"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcg7xcx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcg7xcx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo III Exploration", "P III Exploration", "PIII Exploration"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1145"}, "label": "AD 1145"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo III Exploration", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "AD 1200"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcg9qmw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcg9qmw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo IV", "P IV", "PIV"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1285"}, "label": "AD 1285"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo IV", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "AD 1400"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcgpqst": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcgpqst", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo II Exploration", "P II Exploration", "PII Exploration"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0890"}, "label": "AD 890"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo II Exploration", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1035"}, "label": "AD 1035"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcg8qzn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcg8qzn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo III Exploitation", "P III Exploitation", "PIII Exploitation"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "AD 1200"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo III Exploitation", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1285"}, "label": "AD 1285"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcg4wr9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcg4wr9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Basketmaker III Exploitation", "BM III Exploitation", "BMIII Exploitation"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "AD 600"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Basketmaker III Exploitation", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "AD 700"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcgjwj6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcgjwj6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pueblo III", "P III", "PIII"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1145"}, "label": "AD 1145"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Pueblo III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1285"}, "label": "AD 1285"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0m9pcg9snq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0m9pcg9snq", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Basketmaker III", "BM III", "BMIII"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "AD 500"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}], "label": "Basketmaker III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Utah, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "AD 700"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0gjgrs": {"source": {"url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/periods", "dateAccessed": "2014-07-28", "title": "Periods used on the database", "yearPublished": 2003, "creators": [{"name": "Portable Antiquities Scheme"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0gjgrs", "periods": {"p0gjgrsvxp3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-9999"}, "label": "10000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsvxp3", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Mesolithic"]}, "label": "Early Mesolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7000"}, "label": "7001 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsg24g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0491"}, "label": "A.D. 491"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1453"}, "label": "A.D. 1453"}, "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/67", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine"]}, "id": "p0gjgrsg24g", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Byzantine", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "note": "This period does not appear in the EH timeline. When this broad period is used, the database will automatically map it onto either Iron Age (for the earlier coins) or Roman (for the later coins) depending on the precise years entered.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs2dmz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrs2dmz", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/13", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze"]}, "label": "Middle Bronze", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1000"}, "label": "1001 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsws3g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsws3g", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic"]}, "label": "Early Neolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3500"}, "label": "3501 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs45g4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-9999"}, "label": "10000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4000"}, "label": "4001 B.C."}, "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "id": "p0gjgrs45g4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Mesolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "note": "Can be split into Early and Late.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsnfdp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsnfdp", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/16", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Iron Age"]}, "label": "Middle Iron Age", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0100"}, "label": "101 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs6qb2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2349"}, "label": "2350 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrs6qb2", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/13", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "label": "Bronze Age", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "801 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsgn96": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "A.D. 1901"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsgn96", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/41", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}, "label": "Modern", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2050"}, "label": "A.D. 2050"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsxwzx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "A.D. 1066"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1539"}, "label": "A.D. 1539"}, "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/29", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval"]}, "id": "p0gjgrsxwzx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "note": "English Heritage do not specify the boundaries of any sub-periods within the Medieval period.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrswcr8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-39999"}, "label": "40000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrswcr8", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper (Late) Palaeolithic", "Upper Palaeolithic", "Late Palaeolithic"]}, "label": "Upper (Late) Palaeolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "10001 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsdb9z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "100 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsdb9z", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/16", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Iron Age"]}, "label": "Late Iron Age", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0042"}, "label": "A.D. 42"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs9f7f": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrs9f7f", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic"]}, "label": "Late Neolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2350"}, "label": "2351 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs3d38": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrs3d38", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"]}, "label": "Neolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2350"}, "label": "2351 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs6zcf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-499999"}, "label": "500000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "10001 B.C."}, "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Palaeolithic"]}, "id": "p0gjgrs6zcf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Palaeolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "note": "Generally split into Lower, Middle and Upper, which we will translate into Early, Middle and Late.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs9v5b": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrs9v5b", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/16", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age"]}, "label": "Early Iron Age", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0400"}, "label": "401 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsc7mt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-149999"}, "label": "150000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsc7mt", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Palaeolithic"]}, "label": "Middle Palaeolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-40000"}, "label": "40001 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrst8ft": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrst8ft", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/16", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "label": "Iron Age", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0042"}, "label": "A.D. 42"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs69ws": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "A.D. 43"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "A.D. 410"}, "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/21", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"]}, "id": "p0gjgrs69ws", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Roman", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "note": "Can be split into Early and Late.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsbb25": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0851"}, "label": "A.D. 851"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsbb25", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/47", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Early Medieval"]}, "label": "Late Early Medieval", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "A.D. 1066"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsn5zn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-499999"}, "label": "500000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsn5zn", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower (Early) Palaeolithic", "Lower Palaeolithic", "Early Palaeolithic"]}, "label": "Lower (Early) Palaeolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-150000"}, "label": "150001 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsrj82": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0701"}, "label": "A.D. 701"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsrj82", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/47", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Early Medieval"]}, "label": "Middle Early Medieval", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "A.D. 850"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsp9j4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsp9j4", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic"]}, "label": "Middle Neolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2700"}, "label": "2701 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrscrzm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2349"}, "label": "2350 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrscrzm", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/13", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze"]}, "label": "Early Bronze", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1600"}, "label": "1601 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs52f5": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrs52f5", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/13", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze"]}, "label": "Late Bronze", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "801 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsmhnc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0297"}, "label": "A.D. 297"}, "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/66", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Greek and Roman Provincial"]}, "id": "p0gjgrsmhnc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Greek and Roman Provincial", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "note": "This period does not appear in the EH timeline. When this broad period is used, the database will automatically map it onto either Iron Age (for the earlier coins) or Roman (for the later coins) depending on the precise years entered.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsr3qh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "A.D. 201"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsr3qh", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/21", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Roman"]}, "label": "Late Roman", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "A.D. 410"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs4xgm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "7000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrs4xgm", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mesolithic"]}, "label": "Late Mesolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4000"}, "label": "4001 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs72vn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "A.D. 410"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrs72vn", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/47", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Early Medieval"]}, "label": "Early Early Medieval", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "A.D. 700"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrs6sgx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "A.D. 1500"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "A.D. 1900"}, "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/36", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post-Medieval"]}, "id": "p0gjgrs6sgx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Post-Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "note": "Early post-medieval is generally used for the 16th century and sometimes for the 17th century. The term 'middle post-medieval' is not used, and there is debate as to what constitutes the late post-medieval period. For the 18th century, it is best to stick simply to 'post-medieval' and qualify it using calendar dates.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrsfprj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "A.D. 43"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0gjgrsfprj", "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/21", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Roman"]}, "label": "Early Roman", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "A.D. 200"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0gjgrshhcw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "A.D. 410"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "A.D. 1066"}, "url": "http://finds.org.uk/datalabs/terminology/period/id/47", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Medieval"]}, "id": "p0gjgrshhcw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Early Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "note": "This period is diverse and must be qualified wherever possible with Early, Middle or Late. The currently accepted chronology (spring 2013) is given below, but this is likely to change in the near future. English Heritage do not specify the boundaries of these sub-periods.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p044mt9": {"source": {"title": "Peintures antiques et inédites de vases grecs, tirées de diverses collections, avec des explications", "contributors": [], "yearPublished": "1813", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/257445695", "creators": [{"name": "James V. Millingen", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/52238775#Person/millingen_james_v"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p044mt9", "periods": {"p044mt9z8hr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "vers l'année 700 avant notre ére"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "note": "\"On sait l'extrème difficulté qu'il y a de fixer l'époque des monumens anciens avec quelque dégré de précision, soit en les considérant d'après le style de l'Art, soit d'après les principes de la paléographie, lorsqu'ils présentent des caractères. Mais en combinant ce qu'ont rapporté les auteurs anciens avec les monumens de toute espèce, surtout les médailles et les inscriptions, il semble qu'on peut établir trois époques principales.\" (Millingen 1813, viii)\n\ncf. Millingen 1813, n. 6: \"V. Planches XX à XXII, XXXI, XXXII\".", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La première époque", "l'ancien style"], "en": ["Ancient Style", "The First Period"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "vers l'année 450 avant notre ére"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/257445695", "locator": "viii"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "La première époque", "id": "p044mt9z8hr", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p044mt93nd6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "à l'année 450"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "note": "\"La seconde [époque] commençnt à l'année 450, temps où ont fleuri Polygnote [cf. n. 7] et Phidias, est celle où l'Art a atteint son plus haut dégré de perfection [cf. n. 8] elle finiroit quant à l'Italie et à la Sicile, vers la seconde guerre Punique.\"\n\n[Millingen 1813, viii n. 7]: \"'Polygnote, qui florissoit dans la LXXXIIIème Olympiade (444. ans avant notre ére) fut le premier qui peignit des femmes avec des vêtemens transparens, des coëffures de différentes couleurs et qui contribua le premier à la perfection de l'Art, car il établit l'usage d'ouvrir la bouche aux figures, de faire voir les dents, de changer l'ancienne roideur des attitudes, Plin. Hist. Nat. lib. XXXV. cap. 9.'\"\n\n[Millingen 1813, viii, n. 8]: \"L'Art paroit n'être parvenu à sa perfection que du temps de Polygnote et de Phidias. Il est probable que sa marche n'à pas été tout à fait graduelle, mais qu'il prit un essor sous ces grands artistes, comme celui que Raphaël fit prendre à l'art moderne.\"", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La seconde époque"], "en": ["The Second Period", "The Fine Style"]}, "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0200", "earliestYear": "-0217"}, "label": "vers la seconde guerre Punique"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/257445695", "locator": "viii"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "La seconde époque", "editorialNote": "\"The Fine Style\" alternate label from Birch 1858, 222 (citing Millingen 1813, viii).\n\nEarliest and Latest Stop ISO values inferred from modern chronology of Second Punic War (cf. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Punic_War#cite_ref-1).", "id": "p044mt93nd6", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p044mt9m8zd": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0200", "earliestYear": "-0217"}, "label": "au temps de la seconde guerre Punique"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "note": "La troisième époque commenceroit au temps de cette guerre désastrueuse et se prolongeroit jusqu'à la guerre Sociale qui ruina de fond en comble l'Italie, et y détruisit entièrement la civilisation et toutes les institutions que les Grecs y avoient apportées. [cf. Millingen 1813, viii n. 9]  Ce fut probablement alors que cessa la fabrication des vases peints.\"\n\n[Millingen 1813, viii n. 9]: \"Du temps d'Auguste, toute la Grande-Grèce étoit tombée dans la barbarie, à l'exception de Naples, de Rhegium, et de Tarente, Strabo, lib. VI pag. a53. Edit. 1620\"", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La troisième époque"], "en": ["The Third Period"]}, "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0087", "earliestYear": "-0090"}, "label": "jusqu'à la guerre Sociale"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/257445695", "locator": "viii"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "La troisième époque", "editorialNote": "ISO values for Earliest and Latest Starts and Stops inferred from standard modern chronologies for Second Punic and Social Wars (cf. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Punic_War#cite_ref-1 and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_War_(91%E2%80%9388_BC). \"La seconde guerre Punique\" is inferred from the reference to \"cette guerre\" at viii n. 9.\n\nThough the source determines the chronological parameters of this period based on political fluctuations that took place primarily if not exclusively in the Italian peninsula and Magna Graecia, his introduction (cf. pp. i-vii) foregrounds his discussion of Greek vase painting as encompassing works made both in Italy and in Greece (see, e.g.,  his discussion of Corinthian pottery on pp. vii and ix). I therefore included Greece in the spatial coverage of this Period.", "id": "p044mt9m8zd", "languageTag": "fr"}}}, "p0wswdm": {"source": {"title": "Pompeii : an architectural history", "yearPublished": 1988, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/16278212", "creators": [{"name": "Richardson, Lawrence, Jr., 1920-2013.", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/610351#Person/richardson_lawrence_jr_1920_2013"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0wswdm", "periods": {"p0wswdm64w7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "200 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wswdm64w7", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tufa Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/16278212", "locator": "page 65"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43332", "label": "Pompeii"}], "label": "Tufa Period", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0079"}, "label": "80 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wswdmjzww": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0079"}, "label": "80 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wswdmjzww", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Roman Colony"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/16278212", "locator": "page 129"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43332", "label": "Pompeii"}], "label": "Early Roman Colony", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wswdms24p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0029"}, "label": "30 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wswdms24p", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Julio-Claudian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/16278212", "locator": "page 189"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43332", "label": "Pompeii"}], "label": "Julio-Claudian", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0062"}, "label": "62 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p07h9k6": {"source": {"title": "SIA+ Chrono-Cultural Categories", "abstract": "The document shows the chrono-cultural categories that are employed to classify archaeological entities within the Sistema de Información Arqueológica (Archaelogical Information System, SIA+) of Incipit CSIC.\nChrono-cultural categories are not exactly periods. They have strong chronological semantics but also possess cultural meaning. This is an arguable way to categorise archaeological entities, but nevertheless they have been used by Incipit CSIC on the SIA+ for over 18 years, and currently characterise over 200.000 entities from Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain.", "yearPublished": 2014, "creators": [{"name": "César Parcero Oubiña"}, {"name": "César Gonzalez-Perez"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p07h9k6", "periods": {"p07h9k69b54": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k69b54", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Palaeolithic"], "es": ["Paleolítico"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2500000"}, "label": "-2500000"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Paleolítico", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7000"}, "label": "-7000"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k6tz6n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k6tz6n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["16th and 17th Centuries"], "es": ["Siglos XVI y XVII"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Siglos XVI y XVII", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k6w344": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k6w344", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age"], "es": ["Primera Edad del Hierro"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Primera Edad del Hierro", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0400"}, "label": "-400"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k69qf2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k69qf2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"], "es": ["Edad del Hierro"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Edad del Hierro", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "-50"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k6k759": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k6k759", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Contemporary Period"], "es": ["Edad Contemporánea"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Edad Contemporánea", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k6b656": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "-50"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Indigenous-Roman"], "es": ["Indígena-Romano"]}, "id": "p07h9k6b656", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Indígena-Romano", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "note": "The Indigenous-Roman and Early Roman subdivisions of Roman Period have identical dates, but they refer to very different cultural contexts.", "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k62chw": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k62chw", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Palaeolithic"], "es": ["Paleolítico Inferior"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2500000"}, "label": "-2500000"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Paleolítico Inferior", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-200000"}, "label": "-200000"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k6q5bd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k6q5bd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age"], "es": ["Edad del Bronce Media"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1700"}, "label": "-1700"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Edad del Bronce Media", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1200"}, "label": "-1200"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k6n24z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4500"}, "label": "-4500"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2300"}, "label": "-2300"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"], 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"Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k6kh4b": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k6kh4b", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age"], "es": ["Edad del Bronce Inicial"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2300"}, "label": "-2300"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Edad del Bronce Inicial", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1700"}, "label": "-1700"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k6dpt6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k6dpt6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["18th and 19th Centuries"], "es": ["Siglos XVIII y XIX"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, 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{"year": "-7000"}, "label": "-7000"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k69cj3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k69cj3", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic"], "es": ["Neolítico Antiguo"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4500"}, "label": "-4500"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3908", "label": "Galicia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3934", "label": "Asturias"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Neolítico Antiguo", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2700"}, "label": "-2700"}, "languageTag": "es"}, "p07h9k6tmr2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "id": "p07h9k6tmr2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"], "es": ["Edad del Bronce Final"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1200"}, "label": "-1200"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": 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{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5739", "label": "Castilla y Leon"}], "label": "Paleolítico Medio", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Galicia and neighbouring areas in NW Spain", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-50000"}, "label": "-50000"}, "languageTag": "es"}}}, "p06ptzs": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Western Phoenicians at Lepcis Magna", "yearPublished": 1965, "id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/501728", "creators": [{"name": "Theresa Howard Carter", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/theresa-howard-carter-oac3d5l2pcsg"}]}, "locator": "page 123ff"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p06ptzs", "periods": {"p06ptzsnj58": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0649"}, "label": "650 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}, "id": "p06ptzsnj58", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}], "label": "Archaic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lepcis Magna", "note": "Derived from Leptis Magna Forum Vetus excavations, \"level 4\"; absolute dates determined from Greek material (term. post quem: Late Proto-Corinthian). On Liby-phoenicians, see Birley (1988), Lancel (1995).", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0vm8tz": {"source": {"title": "Romanian distinct periods", "abstract": "List of periods extracted from Romanian data hosted by ADS for the Arena2 webserver", "yearPublished": 2014, "creators": [{"name": "Archaeology Data Service"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0vm8tz", "periods": {"p0vm8tzbdkt": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vm8tzbdkt", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Roman"]}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0100", "earliestYear": "0001"}, "label": "1st cent."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Early Roman", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0300", "earliestYear": "0201"}, "label": "3rd cent."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vm8tz2kqk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vm8tz2kqk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Roman"]}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0400", "earliestYear": "0301"}, "label": "4th cent."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Late Roman", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0700", "earliestYear": "0601"}, "label": "7th cent."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vm8tzjft2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vm8tzjft2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Migrations"]}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0700", "earliestYear": "0601"}, "label": "7th cent."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Late Migrations", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1100", "earliestYear": "1001"}, "label": "11th cent."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vm8tztmtk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vm8tztmtk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Migrations Period", "Early Migrations"]}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0300", "earliestYear": "0201"}, "label": "3rd cent."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "label": "Early Migrations Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0600", "earliestYear": "0501"}, "label": "6th cent."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0hvcwr": {"source": {"url": "http://www.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_1/parcero-cobas_6_1.html", "title": "Iron Age Archaeology of the Northwest Iberian Peninsula", "yearPublished": 2005, "creators": [{"name": "César Parcero Oubiña"}, {"name": "Isabel Cobas Fernández"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0hvcwr", "periods": {"p0hvcwrjpsf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "750 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 B.C."}, "url": "http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_1/parcero-cobas_6_1.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0hvcwrjpsf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Early Iron Age", "note": "Contemporary with Hallstatt B-D (S. Germany). Overlaps LBA III/ Tartessian period, 750-600 B.C. (- cf. M. Diaz-Andreu & S. Keay, 1997. The Archaeology of Iberia.); includes Iberian I (600-500 B.C.) and II (500-450 B.C.) (ibid.). See also T. Chapa & M. Belen, 1997. La Edad del Hierro.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0dfzs7": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "C-14 Dates for Sites in the Mediterranean Area", "yearPublished": 1961, "id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/502212", "creators": [{"name": "Ellen L. Kohler", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/ellen-l-kohler-135tqa7cwwmiy"}, {"name": "Elizabeth K. Ralph", "id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/elizabeth-k-ralph-135tqa7cwwmiy"}]}, "locator": "page 364"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0dfzs7", "periods": {"p0dfzs7sjcq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2399"}, "label": "2400 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2099"}, "label": "2100 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lerna III"]}, "id": "p0dfzs7sjcq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Lerna III", "note": "Applies to Lerna; equivalent to Lerna III. CC307C, Spring 2011, group 1: Jelyne Jesusa and Kevin Sartin.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0d59sh": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"citation": "Dodd, B., E. Schaub, and UT Libraries. 2017. “Texas Architecture: A Visual History”. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/exhibits/txarch/.\n", "creators": [{"name": "Beth Dodd"}, {"name": "Elizabeth Schaub"}], "url": "http://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/exhibits/txarch/index.html", "contributors": [{"name": "UT Libraries"}], "yearPublished": "2017", "title": "Texas Architecture: A Visual History"}, "id": "p0d59sh", "editorialNote": "For a description of the project, see http://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/exhibits/txarch/project.html. The site was moved from http://www.lib.utexas.edu/exhibits/txarch/index.html to a legacy URL in 2018.", "periods": {"p0d59shn6sx": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0d59shn6sx", "url": "http://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/exhibits/txarch/twentieth.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early 20th Century"]}, "label": "Early 20th Century", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "c. 1900"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0d59sh375b": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0d59sh375b", "url": "http://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/exhibits/txarch/republic.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republic / Antebellum"]}, "label": "Republic / Antebellum", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "c. 1835"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0d59shvsps": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1835"}, "label": "1835"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0d59shvsps", "url": "http://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/exhibits/txarch/spanish.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spanish Colonial / Mexican"]}, "label": "Spanish Colonial / Mexican", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1682"}, "label": "c. 1682"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0d59sh579x": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0d59sh579x", "url": "http://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/exhibits/txarch/victorian.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Victorian"]}, "label": "Victorian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "c. 1861"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0d59shrjmq": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1990"}, "label": "1990"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0d59shrjmq", "url": "http://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/exhibits/txarch/modern.html", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}, "label": "Modern", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "c. 1941"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p02q72z": {"source": {"title": "Berlin's antike Bildwerke", "contributors": [{"name": "Antiquarium (Berlin, Germany)", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/129722334"}], "yearPublished": "1836", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4829594", "creators": [{"name": "Eduard Gerhard", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/77110765"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p02q72z", "periods": {"p02q72z37m3": {"id": "p02q72z37m3", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0295", "earliestYear": "-0299"}, "label": "[Ol.] CXX"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Zweiten Periode", "editorialNote": "Gerhard's dating is based on letter forms matched to the historical record and placed chronologically by Olympiad. See also citation of this source in Birch 1858 (p. 221).", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0399", "earliestYear": "-0403"}, "label": "Ol. XCIV"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Zweiten Periode"], "en": ["Second Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4829594", "locator": "144"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sicilien und Kampanien", "note": "Period label: \"Einer zweiten Periode, welche in jenen, hauptsächlich den Gefäfsen etruskischer Auffindung angehörigen Zeitraum.\" Spatial coverage: \"...fallen denn, ebenfalls aus paläographischen und zugleich aus artistischen Gründen, die meisten Vasen Siciliens und Kampaniens, hauptsächlich Nola's anheim\". Gerhard identifies a third period that follows this one; it is characterized by works from Apulia and Lucania, but is not given any absolute dates: \"dagegen eine dritte spätere Periode jener Vasenfabrikation den apulischen und lukanischen Vasen beizumessen ist.\" (1836, 144).", "languageTag": "de"}, "p02q72z6c67": {"id": "p02q72z6c67", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0399", "earliestYear": "-0403"}, "label": "Olymp. XCIV"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Vorgerückten Kunstsitte", "editorialNote": "See also Birch (1858, p. 221), who cites this page in Gerhard, though note that he attributes the starting point to Olymp. LXXXIV (444 BCE) in an apparent misreading of Gerhard's text.", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0479", "earliestYear": "-0483"}, "label": "Olymp. 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Mustafa", "editorialNote": "wikipedia: 16 safar 1171 - 8 dh-q 1187", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ottoman Empire", "languageTag": "tr"}, "p0pf2qbkv24": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1421"}, "label": "824 hicri"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/tr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1444"}, "label": "848 hicri"}, "localizedLabels": {"ota-Arab": ["مراد ثانی"], "en": ["Murad II"], "ar": ["مُراد الثاني"], "tr": ["II. Murad"]}, "editorialNote": "wikipedia: 23 j2 824 - 26 r1 848", "id": "p0pf2qbkv24", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "II. Murad", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ottoman Empire", "note": "first reign", "languageTag": "tr"}}}, "p0dntkb": {"source": {"title": "Monte Casasia (Ragusa) : campagne di scavo 1966, 1972-73 nella necropoli indigena", "contributors": [{"name": "Pelagatti, Paola (1927-....).", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/165400460"}], "yearPublished": 1996, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/758533779", "creators": [{"name": "Frasca, Massimo.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/16973036"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0dntkb", "periods": {"p0dntkbcv4m": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0633", "earliestYear": "-0666"}, "label": "mid 7th century B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0dntkbcv4m", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phase I"], "it": ["Fase I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/758533779", "locator": "page 554"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Fase I", "editorialNote": "This periodization only applies to the indigenous necropolis at Monte Casasia in Sicily.", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0566", "earliestYear": "-0599"}, "label": "beginning of the 6th century B.C."}, "languageTag": "it"}, "p0dntkb67vz": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0dntkb67vz", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phase III"], "it": ["Fase III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/758533779", "locator": "page 555"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Fase III", "editorialNote": "This period only applies to the indigenous necropolis of Monte Casasia in Sicily. The end date is provided by the assumption that the site was destroyed by the Carthaginians in 405 B.C.", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 B.C."}, "languageTag": "it"}, "p0dntkbc6tn": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0566", "earliestYear": "-0599"}, "label": "beginning of the 6th century B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "id": "p0dntkbc6tn", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phase II"], "it": ["Fase II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/758533779", "locator": "page 555"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}], "label": "Fase II", "editorialNote": "This period only applies to the indigenous necropolis of Monte Casasia in Sicily.", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0466", "earliestYear": "-0499"}, "label": "beginning of the 5th century B.C."}, "languageTag": "it"}}}, "p0pv57g": {"source": {"title": "The world's progress : a dictionary of dates, with tabular views of general history", "contributors": [{"name": "Joseph Haydn", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/124278"}], "yearPublished": "1850", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "creators": [{"name": "George Palmer Putnam", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/8306050"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0pv57g", "editorialNote": "References from a digital copy of 1852 edition.", "periods": {"p0pv57gx5zq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": " A.D. 476"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From the Extinction of the Western Empire to the Flight of Mahomet, A.D. 476-622.\" page 47\n\"Eastern Empire and Western Empire\" page 63", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of Justinian and Belisarius"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0622"}, "label": " A.D. 622"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 43, with details (such as location) in table on page 63.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 47"}, "label": "Period of Justinian and Belisarius", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Empire and Western Empire", "id": "p0pv57gx5zq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57g734n": {"id": "p0pv57g734n", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "A.D. 1815"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30", "label": "United States"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "label": "Period of the American and French Revolutions", "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 47, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 134-145.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1718"}, "label": "A.D. 1718"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of the American and French Revolutions"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 47"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "America. England. France. Spain and Portugal. Germany. The World, Elsewhere", "note": "\"From the Death of Charles XII of Sweden to the Battle of Waterloo, A.D. 1718-1815.\"\n\"America. England. France. Spain and Portugal. Germany. The World, Elsewhere\" pages 134-145.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57gb4dx": {"id": "p0pv57gb4dx", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1066"}, "label": "A.D. 1066"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "label": "Period of the New Western Empire", "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 47, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 74-77.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "A.D. 800"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of the New Western Empire"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 47"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "New Western Empire/France, Spain, Germany. Eastern Empire. England/ England & Scotland. The World, Elsewhere", "note": "\"From the Crowning of Charlemagne at Rome to the Battle of Hastings, A.D. 800-1066\" page 47\n\"New Western Empire/France, Spain, Germany. Eastern Empire. England/ England & Scotland. The World, Elsewhere\" pages 74-77.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57ghxrz": {"id": "p0pv57ghxrz", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1453"}, "label": "A.D. 1453"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "label": "Period of Tamerlane, Wickliffe, and Huss", "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 47, with details (such as location) in table that spans pages 102-111.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1299"}, "label": "A.D. 1299"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of Tamerlane, Wickliffe, and Huss"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 47"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "France, Spain, Germany. Eastern Empire. England & Scotland. The World, Elsewhere", "note": "\"From the Founding of the Turkish Empire to the Taking of Constantinople, A.D. 1299-1453.\" page 47\n\"France, Spain, Germany. Eastern Empire. England & Scotland. The World, Elsewhere\" pages 102-111.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57g2q74": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2347"}, "label": "B.C. 2348"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From the Deluge, to the Call of Abraham,  B.C. 2348-1921\", page 2.\n\"Asia, Africa, Europe\", pages 4-5.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dispersion"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1920"}, "label": "B.C. 1921"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 2, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 4-5.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 2"}, "label": "Dispersion", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia, Africa, Europe", "id": "p0pv57g2q74", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57gkvxd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1490"}, "label": "B.C. 1491"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From the Exode, to the Kingdom of Saul, B.C. 1491-1095.\", page 2.\n\"Asia. Africa. Europe.\", pages 8-11.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theocratic Period"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1094"}, "label": "B.C. 1095"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 2, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 8-11.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 2"}, "label": "Theocratic Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia. Africa. Europe.", "id": "p0pv57gkvxd", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57g39b4": {"id": "p0pv57g39b4", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0329"}, "label": "B.C. 330"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Persian Period", "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 2, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 18-25.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0587"}, "label": "B.C. 588"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Persian Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 2"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia. Africa. Greece. Rome, Etc/Rome and Italy", "note": "\"From Captivity, to Alexander the Great, B.C. 588-330.....258 years.....The Persian Period.\" page 2.\n\"Asia. Africa. Greece. Rome, Etc.\", pages 20-23. \"Asia. Africa. Greece. Rome and Italy.\", pages 18-19, 24-25.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57gnm9p": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4003"}, "label": "B.C. 4004"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From the Creation, to the Deluge, B.C. 4004-2348.....1656 years.....The Antediluvian Period.\" page 2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antediluvian"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2347"}, "label": "B.C. 2348"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 2, with details of this period (including location) in the table on page 3.\nSpatial coverage based on the implication by the author in the table and elsewhere that it encompassed all of the world at creation, per the Christian Bible.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 2"}, "label": "Antediluvian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "id": "p0pv57gnm9p", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57gpzng": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1094"}, "label": "B.C. 1095"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From Saul, to the Captivity of Israel, B.C. 1095-586\", page 2.\n\"Asia. Africa. Europe\", pages 12-17.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Monarchical"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0585"}, "label": "B.C. 586"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 2, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 12-17.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 2"}, "label": "Monarchical", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia, Africa, Europe", "id": "p0pv57gpzng", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57gnr5j": {"id": "p0pv57gnr5j", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1598"}, "label": "A.D. 1598"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Period of the Reformation; Discoveries and Inventions", "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 47, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 112-121.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1453"}, "label": "A.D. 1453"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of the Reformation; Discoveries and Inventions"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 47"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England. Scotland. France. Spain and Portugal. Germany. Italy. Ottoman Empire. The World, Elsewhere", "note": "\"From the Taking of Constantinople to the Edict of Nantes, A.D. 1453-1598} Period of the Reformation; Discoveries and Inventions.\" page 47\n\"England. Scotland. France. Spain and Portugal. Germany. Italy. Ottoman Empire. The World, Elsewhere\" pages 112-121.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57gbn4g": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0329"}, "label": "B.C. 330"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From Alexander, to the Subjugation of Greece, B.C. 330-146\", page 2.\n\"Asia. Africa. Greece/Greece-Macedon. Rome, etc.\", pages 26-37.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Grecian"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0145"}, "label": "B.C. 146"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 2, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 26-37.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 2"}, "label": "Grecian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia. Africa. Greece-Macedon. Rome, etc.", "id": "p0pv57gbn4g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57gjddc": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "A.D. 1"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From the Christian Era to the Reign of Constantine the Great, A.D. 1-306.\" page 47.\n\"Roman Empire\" listed in the detailed timeline charts following the chronological chart, pages 49-59.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of the Ten Persecutions of Christians"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0306"}, "label": "A.D. 306"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 47, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 49-59.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 47"}, "label": "Period of the Ten Persecutions of Christians", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "id": "p0pv57gjddc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57gbrb2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0622"}, "label": "A.D. 622"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From the Flight of Mahomet to the Crowning of Charlemagne at Rome, A.D. 622-800} Period of the Saracen Empire.\" page 47.\n\"Eastern Empire, Asia, and Europe, Generally\" page 65-73.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of the Saracen Empire"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "A.D. 800"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 47, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 65-73.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 47"}, "label": "Period of the Saracen Empire", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Empire, Asia, and Europe", "id": "p0pv57gbrb2", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57g8695": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0306"}, "label": "A.D. 306"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From the Reign of Constantine the Great to the Extinction of the Western Empire, A.D. 306-476.\" page 47\n\"Roman Empire\", pages 49-61.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of the Northern Invasions"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "A.D. 476"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 47, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 49-61.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 47"}, "label": "Period of the Northern Invasions", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "id": "p0pv57g8695", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57gfmnb": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0145"}, "label": "B.C. 146"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From the Subjugation of Greece, to the Birth of Christ, B.C. 146-0.\", page 2.\n\"Asia. Africa. Roman Empire.\" pages 38-45.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Period"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "B.C. 0"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 2, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 38-45.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 2"}, "label": "Roman Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia. Africa. Roman Empire.", "id": "p0pv57gfmnb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57g25df": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1920"}, "label": "B.C. 1921"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"From the Call of Abraham, to the Exode from Egypt, B.C. 1921-1491\", page 2.\n\"Asia. Africa. Europe.\", pages 6-7.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Patriarchal"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1490"}, "label": "B.C. 1491"}, "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 2, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 6-7.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 2"}, "label": "Patriarchal", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia, Africa, Europe", "id": "p0pv57g25df", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pv57g8qf7": {"id": "p0pv57g8qf7", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1718"}, "label": "A.D. 1718"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "label": "Period of the English Commonwealth and Wars of Louis XIV", "editorialNote": "Time periods summarized on page 47, with details of this period (including location) in the table spanning pages 122-133.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1598"}, "label": "A.D. 1598"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period of the English Commonwealth and Wars of Louis XIV"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23199357", "locator": "page 47"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "America. England. France. Spain and Portugal. Germany. Italy. Ottoman Empire. The World, Elsewhere", "note": "\"From the Edict of Nantes to the Death of Charles XII of Sweden, A.D. 1598-1718.\" page 47\n\"America. England. France. Spain and Portugal. Germany. Italy. Ottoman Empire. 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"spatialCoverageDescription": "Ras Shamra", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "Ca. 2200 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zmdxzf369": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zmdxzf369", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-pottery Neolithic"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-7499"}, "label": "Ca. 7500 B.C.E."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191369", "label": "Ras Shamra"}], "label": "Pre-pottery Neolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ras Shamra", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "Ca. 7000 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zmdxzj35q": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zmdxzj35q", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1184", "earliestYear": "-1189"}, "label": "Ca. 1190/85 B.C.E."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "Ca. 1600 B.C.E."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191369", "label": "Ras Shamra"}], "label": "Late Bronze Age", "editorialNote": "Edited to change latest stop for stop date from -84 (result of automatic parse) to -1184.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ras Shamra", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zmdxzhvxb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zmdxzhvxb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Persian period"]}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0400", "earliestYear": "-0499"}, "label": "5th century B.C.E."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191369", "label": "Ras Shamra"}], "label": "Persian period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ras Shamra", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0300", "earliestYear": "-0399"}, "label": "4th century B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zmdxz65fd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zmdxz65fd", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1666", "earliestYear": "-1999"}, "label": "Beginning of 2nd millennium B.C.E."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191369", "label": "Ras Shamra"}], "label": "Middle Bronze Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ras Shamra", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1649"}, "label": "Ca. 1650 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zmdxzn9g9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zmdxzn9g9", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman period"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "100 B.C.E."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191369", "label": "Ras Shamra"}], "label": "Roman period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ras Shamra", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "1 B.C.E."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0wf3wd": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Archaeology and history in Sardinia from the Stone Age to the Middle Ages : shepherds, sailors, and conquerors", "contributors": [{"name": "Rowland, Robert J., 1938-", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/1104412448#Person/rowland_robert_j_1938"}], "yearPublished": 2007, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/175286417", "creators": [{"name": "Dyson, Stephen L.", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/1104412448#Person/dyson_stephen_l"}]}, "locator": "page 19"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0wf3wd", "periods": {"p0wf3wd9ww6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wf3wd9ww6", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Geometric", "Phoenician"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0849"}, "label": "850 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "label": "Geometric", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0729"}, "label": "730 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wf3wd6p49": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wf3wd6p49", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age", "Bonnanaro B/Nuragic I"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1899"}, "label": "1900 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "label": "Middle Bronze Age", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wf3wd8m8j": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0849"}, "label": "850 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0509"}, "label": "510 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phoenician", "Early Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0wf3wd8m8j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "label": "Phoenician", "note": "Also known as Nuragic IV (cf. Sardinian)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wf3wdjmdx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0849"}, "label": "850 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "id": "p0wf3wdjmdx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "label": "Bronze Age", "note": "See also G. Lilliu, 2003. La civiltà dei Sardi dal paleolitico all'età dei nuraghi; G.S. Webster, 1996. A Prehistory of Sardinia 2300-500BC. Also known as Nuragic III (following Nuragic I = Early Bronze Age, 1800-1500 B.C.; & Nuragic II = Middle Bronze Age, 1500-1200 B.C.)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wf3wdv7pp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wf3wdv7pp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republican", "Roman"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0237"}, "label": "238 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "label": "Republican", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "1 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wf3wd88kk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wf3wd88kk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age", "Nuragic II"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "label": "Late Bronze Age", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1149"}, "label": "1150 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wf3wdkdzr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wf3wdkdzr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Bronze Age", "Nuragic III"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1149"}, "label": "1150 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "label": "Final Bronze Age", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0849"}, "label": "850 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wf3wdnm6q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0509"}, "label": "510 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0237"}, "label": "238 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nuragic V", "Final Nuragic", "Late Iron Age"]}, "id": "p0wf3wdnm6q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "label": "Late Iron Age", "note": "Also known as Nuragic V, or final Nuragic (cf. Late Iron Age & Iron Age Sardinian) = period of Carthaginian hegemony, ending in Roman annexation of Sardinia, 238 B.C.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wf3wd4vsk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wf3wd4vsk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Orientalizing", "Phoenician"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0729"}, "label": "730 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}], "label": "Orientalizing", "editorialNote": "added", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0579"}, "label": "580 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0wf3wdm797": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0wf3wdm797", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eneolithic (Copper Age)", "Eneolithic", "Copper Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3199"}, "label": "3200? 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Hence the transition from the 'fine' style of the earlier vases to a subsequent one, which may be termed florid -- analogous to the state of art in the time of Pyrrhus.\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fine Style"]}, "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0271", "earliestYear": "-0318"}, "label": "Time of Pyrrhus"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1358252", "locator": "285, 290"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Fine Style", "editorialNote": "Author apparently miscalculates Start date as \"Ol. XCIV, B.C. 403\". The 94th Olympiad would range from 400 to 396 BC (ISO values: -399 to -395). I have opted to use his more precise dating of \"B.C. 403\" as a precise Start.\n\nIt is unclear whether author indicates the lifespan or the reign of Pyrrhus when indicating \"the time of Pyrrhus\" as the period in which the florid style gradually replaced the fine style. I have therefore opted for the wider range (Pyrrhus' life) to infer an earliest and latest stop. cf. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrrhus_of_Epirus#cite_note-1", "id": "p0znh3t5s5w", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0znh3t4t68": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0318"}, "label": "Time of Pyrrhus"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0271"}, "label": "Time of Pyrrhus"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Florid Style"]}, "id": "p0znh3t4t68", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Florid Style", "editorialNote": "It is unclear whether the author means the lifespan or reign of Pyrrhus in his description. I have therefore inferred a Start and Stop date from Pyrrhus' lifespan (the broader range). cf. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrrhus_of_Epirus#cite_note-1", "note": "p. 288-290: \"It is by no means necessary to suppose that one style of fabric ceased immediately on the introduction of another and improved one; on the contrary, it probably continued till so entirely superseded that the fabric became obsolete. Hence the transition from the 'fine' style of the earlier vases to a subsequent one, which may be termed florid--analogous to the state of art in the time of Pyrrhus.\"", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0znh3tjqgh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0403"}, "label": "B.C. 404"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "p. 296: \"The vases of this style at its best period are later than the introduction of the double letters in the Archonship of Euclid, Olympiad XCIV, B.C. 404, and come down to nearly B.C. 200. [see note 4]\"\n\np.296, n. 4: \"Thiersch., s. 81-2\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Decadence"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "B.C. 200"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1358252", "locator": "296"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "label": "Decadence", "id": "p0znh3tjqgh", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0znh3tjnv8": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0571", "earliestYear": "-0575"}, "label": "L. Olympiad"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "p. 282: \"The age of these vases is placed between the L. and LXXX. Olympiads. Recent discoveries have shown that vases of this style are as old as the Parthenon, destroyed by the Persians, Ol. LXXV., B.C. 480, and certainly prior to the age of Pheidias. [see note 3] The vases with the historical subjects of Alcaeus, Ol. XLII., B.C. 612; Anacreon, Ol. LV., B.C. 560; and Croesus, Ol. LVIII., B.C. 548, are in this style. The alphabet resembles that which appears in the Athenian inscriptions of Ol. LXXXVI., B.C. 436, but the language is both Attic and Doric.\"\n\np.282 n.3: \"Jahn, Vasensammlung, s. clxxiv. clxxv; Allg. Monatsschr, 1852, p. 356.\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Strong Style"]}, "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0451", "earliestYear": "-0455"}, "label": "LXXX. 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"http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p211", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p211", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Bronsålder period i"], "en": ["Bronze Age I"]}, "label": "Bronsålder period i", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frcz8h": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-11999"}, "label": "12000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frcz8h", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p100", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p100", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Stenålder"], "en": ["Stone Age"]}, "label": "Stenålder", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frfrzw": {"start": {"in": {"year": 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"spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frs9vn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frs9vn", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p310", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p310", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Äldre järnålder"], "en": ["Early Iron Age"]}, "label": "Äldre järnålder", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frrx4q": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frrx4q", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p221", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p221", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Bronsålder period iv"], "en": ["Bronze Age IV"]}, "label": "Bronsålder period iv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2fr8fmm": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1350"}, "label": "1350 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2fr8fmm", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p430", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p430", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Senmedeltid"], "en": ["Late Medieval Period"]}, "label": "Senmedeltid", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2fr33s2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-11999"}, "label": "12000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2fr33s2", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p111", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p111", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Paleolitikum"], "en": ["Paleolithic"]}, "label": "Paleolitikum", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9499"}, "label": "9500 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2fr8n53": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2fr8n53", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p323", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p323", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Vikingatid"], "en": ["Viking Period"]}, "label": "Vikingatid", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2fr9whq": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "550 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2fr9whq", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p322", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p322", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Vendeltid"], "en": ["Vendel Period"]}, "label": "Vendeltid", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frnbfw": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-11999"}, "label": "12000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frnbfw", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p110", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p110", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Äldre stenålder"], "en": ["Early Stone Age"]}, "label": "Äldre stenålder", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frkqvn": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frkqvn", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p220", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p220", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Yngre bronsålder"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "label": "Yngre bronsålder", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2fr5tcr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1250"}, "label": "1250 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2fr5tcr", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p420", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p420", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Högmedeltid"], "en": ["High Medieval Period"]}, "label": "Högmedeltid", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1350"}, "label": "1350 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frdds2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-9499"}, "label": "9500 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frdds2", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p112", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p112", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Äldre mesolitikum"], "en": ["Early Mesolithic"]}, "label": "Äldre mesolitikum", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6799"}, "label": "6800 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frn6dd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frn6dd", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p210", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p210", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Äldre bronsålder"], "en": ["Early Bronze Age"]}, "label": "Äldre bronsålder", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frcrrd": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frcrrd", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p121", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p121", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Tidigneolitikum"], "en": ["Early Neolithic"]}, "label": "Tidigneolitikum", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2fr45nj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2fr45nj", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p300", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p300", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Järnålder"], "en": ["Iron Age"]}, "label": "Järnålder", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frzrfs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frzrfs", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p212", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p212", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Bronsålder period ii"], "en": ["Bronze Age II"]}, "label": "Bronsålder period ii", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frpf43": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frpf43", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p400", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p400", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Medeltid"], "en": ["Medieval Period"]}, "label": "Medeltid", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frpqm4": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-6799"}, "label": "6800 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frpqm4", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p113", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p113", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Mellanmesolitikum"], "en": ["Middle Mesolithic"]}, "label": "Mellanmesolitikum", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5499"}, "label": "5500 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frnrrg": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "0 AD"}, "id": "p0vn2frnrrg", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p311", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p311", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "The original entries just had \"Kr. f.\", which I assume means \"birth of Christ\", but I don't know if their system is using year 0 or year -1/year 1 ", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Förromersk järnålder"], "en": ["Pre-Roman Iron Age"]}, "label": "Förromersk järnålder", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frvjj8": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frvjj8", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p122", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p122", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Mellanneolitikum"], "en": ["Middle Neolithic"]}, "label": "Mellanneolitikum", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frwpp2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frwpp2", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p500", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p500", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Nyare tid"], "en": ["Modern Period"]}, "label": "Nyare tid", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frt3sg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frt3sg", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p200", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p200", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Bronsålder"], "en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "label": "Bronsålder", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frdpb3": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frdpb3", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p223", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p223", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Bronsålder period vi"], "en": ["Bronze Age VI"]}, "label": "Bronsålder period vi", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frbn8k": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}, "id": "p0vn2frbn8k", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p312", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p312", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "editorialNote": "The original entries just had \"Kr. f.\", which I assume means \"birth of Christ\", but I don't know if their system is using year 0 or year -1/year 1 ", "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "0 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Romersk järnålder"], "en": ["Roman Iron Age"]}, "label": "Romersk järnålder", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frz2mj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frz2mj", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p320", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p320", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Yngre järnålder"], "en": ["Late Iron Age"]}, "label": "Yngre järnålder", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frrq4x": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frrq4x", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p222", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p222", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Bronsålder period v"], "en": ["Bronze Age V"]}, "label": "Bronsålder period v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2frhrrf": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2frhrrf", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p321", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p321", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Folkvandringstid"], "en": ["Migration Period"]}, "label": "Folkvandringstid", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "550 AD"}, "languageTag": "sv"}, "p0vn2fr68nx": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sv", "id": "p0vn2fr68nx", "sameAs": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p213", "url": "http://mis.historiska.se/rdf/period#p213", "localizedLabels": {"sv": ["Bronsålder period iii"], "en": ["Bronze Age III"]}, "label": "Bronsålder period iii", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34", "label": "Sweden"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sweden", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 BC"}, "languageTag": "sv"}}}, "p0zj6g8": {"source": {"url": "http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/arena/search/period.cfm", "dateAccessed": "2014-09-11", "title": "ARENA - The ARENA Portal", "yearPublished": 2004, "creators": [{"name": "ADS"}, {"name": "Stewart Waller"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0zj6g8", "periods": {"p0zj6g8wft6": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1800"}, "label": "-1800"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zj6g8wft6", "url": "http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/arena/search/period.cfm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "label": "Bronze Age", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0400"}, "label": "-400"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zj6g892zt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0650"}, "label": "-650"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zj6g892zt", "url": "http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/arena/search/period.cfm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Greek"]}, "label": "Greek", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "-30"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zj6g8ttsk": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "-10000"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zj6g8ttsk", "url": "http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/arena/search/period.cfm", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "label": "Mesolithic", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7000"}, "label": "-7000"}, "languageTag": 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The underlying code simply does not specify a start date at all. 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"label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zj6g8ktnf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zj6g8ktnf", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}, "url": "http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/arena/search/period.cfm", "stop": {"label": "present"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Modern", "editorialNote": "Visual timeline fades toward the present, indicating no end date.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "United Kingdom", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zj6g8p57k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0zj6g8p57k", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}, "url": "http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/arena/search/period.cfm", "stop": {"label": "present"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q189", "label": "Iceland"}], "label": "Modern", "editorialNote": "Visual timeline fades toward the present, indicating no end date.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iceland", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0fp7wv": {"source": {"citation": "CHGIS: Major Chinese Periods Chronology. Ed. Merrick Lex Berman. 2015.", "title": "CHGIS: Major Chinese Periods Chronology", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "yearPublished": "2015", "creators": [{"name": "Merrick Lex Berman"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0fp7wv", "editorialNote": "[notes provided by source editor Berman]\n\nsources:\n\n1.http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E4%BB%A3%E5%85%AC%E5%85%83%E5%AF%B9%E7%85%A7%E7%AE%80%E8%A1%A8\n\n2.http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8\n\n3.http://ljzlcl.blog.163.com/blog/static/9666123620090433033441/\n\nNOTES:\n\nThis table of major Chinese States and Dynasties provides a basic time frame, and includes both the overall periods, as well as specific sub-periods, or in most cases, specific states.\n\nFor example, the Northern and Southern Dynasties is listed (420 CE - 577 CE), along with the various states, such as Liu Song, Eastern Wei, and so on that existed during that period.    Note that the overall period is not itself a \"state\" and has no capital, nor any administration or political history.  It is merely a superset of many states.\n\nBy contrast there are Periods, with Sub-periods, such as the Song Dynasty, which was one continuous political entity, but is divided into two very distinct periods, the Northern Song and Southern Song, reflecting the incursion of the Mongols who seized the greater part of the northern area of the Song, and forced the capital to be relocated from Kaifeng to Hangzhou.\n", "periods": {"p0fp7wvh6pd": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0fp7wvh6pd", "localizedLabels": {"cmn-Latn": ["Shiliuguo"], "en": ["Sixteen Kingdoms Period"], "cmn-Hans": ["十六国"], "cmn-Hant": ["十六國"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0304"}, "label": "304"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Sixteen Kingdoms Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0439"}, "label": "439"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fp7wvsqwt": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-1046"}, "label": 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"p0fp7wvh6rz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0fp7wvh6rz", "localizedLabels": {"cmn-Latn": ["Nanbeichao"], "en": ["Northern and Southern Dynasties Period"], "cmn-Hans": ["南北朝"], "cmn-Hant": ["南北朝"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0420"}, "label": "420"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Northern and Southern Dynasties Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0577"}, "label": "577"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fp7wv8qv7": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0925"}, "label": "925"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0963"}, "label": "963"}, "localizedLabels": {"cmn-Latn": ["Shiguo Jingnan"], "en": ["Southern Jing Kingdom"], "cmn-Hans": ["十国荆南"], "cmn-Hant": ["十國荊南"]}, "editorialNote": "Parent period: Shiguo Jingnan, 十国荆南", "id": "p0fp7wv8qv7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", 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"p0fp7wv9s3f"}, "p0fp7wvjnjs": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0535"}, "label": "535"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0556"}, "label": "556"}, "localizedLabels": {"cmn-Latn": ["Xiwei"], "en": ["Western Wei Dynasty"], "cmn-Hans": ["西魏"], "cmn-Hant": ["西魏"]}, "editorialNote": "Parent period: Nanbeichao, 南北朝", "id": "p0fp7wvjnjs", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "label": "Western Wei Dynasty", "spatialCoverageDescription": "China", "note": "First capital: 长安 (陕西西安), latitude: 34.3, longitude: 109.02", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0fp7wvh6rz"}, "p0fp7wv699w": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1032"}, "label": "1032"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1227"}, "label": "1227"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xixia Dynasty"], "cmn-Hant": ["西夏"], "cmn-Hans": ["西夏"]}, "id": "p0fp7wv699w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": 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(2008), Domestic Architecture and Social Differences in North-Eastern Iberia during the Iron Age (c.525-200 BC). Oxford Journal of Archaeology, 27: 175-199. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0092.2008.00303.x", "title": "Domestic Architecture and Social Differences in North-Eastern Iberia during the Iron Age (c.525-200 BC). ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0092.2008.00303.x", "creators": [{"name": "Belarte, M.C."}], "locator": "page 177"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p06xc6m", "periods": {"p06xc6mvjx2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "200 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical Iberian Period", "Classical Iberian"]}, "id": "p06xc6mvjx2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Classical Iberian Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Catalan area", "note": "Equivalent to Iberian III (450-350 B.C.) and IV (350-200 B.C.) - cf. M. Diaz-Andreu & S. Keay, 1997. The Archaeology of Iberia; Dominguez in C. Sanchez & G.R. Tsetskhladze, 2001. Greek Pottery from the Iberian Peninsula.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06xc6mq829": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p06xc6mq829", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iberian Period", "Early Iberian"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0524"}, "label": "525 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Early Iberian Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Catalan area", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0d39r7": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "The Oxford illustrated history of Roman Britain", "yearPublished": 1993, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27811171", "creators": [{"name": "Salway, Peter.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/56699974"}]}, "locator": "pages 11, 13"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0d39r7", "periods": {"p0d39r7d5km": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0d39r7d5km", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 A.D."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}], "label": "Iron Age", "editorialNote": "May be an inference, not statement / assertion.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Britain", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0vrf7b": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "Sasanian Iran, 224- 651 CE : portrait of a late antique empire", "yearPublished": 2008, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/228701443", "creators": [{"name": "Daryaee, Touraj, 1967-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/118969957"}]}, "locator": "page xxi"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0vrf7b", "periods": {"p0vrf7bbb88": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vrf7bbb88", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sasanian"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0224"}, "label": "224 A.D."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Sasanian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Near East", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0651"}, "label": "651 A.D."}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0wnvm4": {"source": {"title": "Colonial encounters in ancient Iberia Phoenician, Greek, and indigenous relations", "contributors": [{"name": "López-Ruiz, Carolina.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/61333875"}, {"name": "Dietler, Michael.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/172230025"}], "yearPublished": 2009, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/593325476"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0wnvm4", "periods": {"p0wnvm4rqg9": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}, "id": "p0wnvm4rqg9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "label": "Archaic", "note": "See also van Dommelen et al. (2008)", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0j5frx": {"source": {"title": "Ur 'of the Chaldees' : a revised and updated edition of Sir Leonard Woolley's Excavations at Ur", "contributors": [{"name": "Moorey, P. R. S. (Peter Roger Stuart), 1937-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/108196174"}], "yearPublished": 1982, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8800122", "creators": [{"name": "Woolley, Leonard, 1880-1960.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/88797443"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0j5frx", "periods": {"p0j5frxvzk8": {"id": "p0j5frxvzk8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1739"}, "label": "1740 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Isin-Larsa", "editorialNote": "unsure why GeoDia dates are 2130-2055 B.C.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Isin-Larsa"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8800122", "locator": "page 180"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur, Mesopotamia", "note": "Robins' chronology is being used in preference to Freeman's, since it seems to represent the general textbook situation more accurately.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0j5frxkb96": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2649"}, "label": "2650 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0j5frxkb96", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Dynastic IIIa"]}, "editorialNote": "Removed due to inferences in GeoDia: al-'Ubaid (5500-4000 B.C.), Uruk (4000-3250 B.C.), Jamdat Nasr periods (3250-3000 B.C.), and Ur of the Chaldees (1150-800 B.C.). Note this quote p.15: \"At an archaeological congress of excavators held at Baghdad in 1929 it was agreed that the early stages of human settlement in south Mesopotamia could be classified n successive phases which should be called, after the places where the evidence for each was first discovered, the al-'Ubaid period, the Uruk period, the Jamdat Nasr period, and then the Early Dynastic period, towards the end of which (in IIIb) comes the First Dynasty of Ur.\" p.16: \"Archaeological excavation ... does not of itself offer an absolute chronology in years B.C./A.D.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8800122", "locator": "page 16"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Early Dynastic IIIa", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2549"}, "label": "2550 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0j5frx3hh2": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-2333"}, "label": "2334 B.C."}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0j5frx3hh2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Akkadian"]}, "editorialNote": "Removed due to inferences in GeoDia: al-'Ubaid (5500-4000 B.C.), Uruk (4000-3250 B.C.), Jamdat Nasr periods (3250-3000 B.C.), and Ur of the Chaldees (1150-800 B.C.). Note this quote p.15: \"At an archaeological congress of excavators held at Baghdad in 1929 it was agreed that the early stages of human settlement in south Mesopotamia could be classified n successive phases which should be called, after the places where the evidence for each was first discovered, the al-'Ubaid period, the Uruk period, the Jamdat Nasr period, and then the Early Dynastic period, towards the end of which (in IIIb) comes the First Dynasty of Ur.\" p.16: \"Archaeological excavation ... does not of itself offer an absolute chronology in years B.C./A.D.\"", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8800122", "locator": "page 15"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Akkadian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ur, Mesopotamia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2153"}, "label": "2154 B.C."}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0j5frxvrwg": {"id": "p0j5frxvrwg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2329"}, "label": "about 2330 B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "label": "Early Dynastic period", "editorialNote": "Removed due to inferences in GeoDia: al-'Ubaid (5500-4000 B.C.), Uruk (4000-3250 B.C.), Jamdat Nasr periods (3250-3000 B.C.), and Ur of the Chaldees (1150-800 B.C.). Note this quote p.15: \"At an archaeological congress of excavators held at Baghdad in 1929 it was agreed that the early stages of human settlement in south Mesopotamia could be classified n successive phases which should be called, after the places where the evidence for each was first discovered, the al-'Ubaid period, the Uruk period, the Jamdat Nasr period, and then the Early Dynastic period, towards the end of which (in IIIb) comes the First Dynasty of Ur.\" p.16: \"Archaeological excavation ... does not of itself offer an absolute chronology in years B.C./A.D.\"", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-2849", "earliestYear": "-3149"}, "label": "3000 B.C. (+/- 150 years)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Dynastic period", "Early Dynastic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8800122", "locator": "pages 15-16"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "note": "These are approximate dates.", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0pt6d8": {"source": {"title": "Roman art : Romulus to Constantine", "contributors": [{"name": "Ramage, Andrew.", "id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/34374830#Person/ramage_andrew"}], "yearPublished": 2001, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44908508", "creators": [{"name": "Ramage, Nancy H., 1942-", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/268834893"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0pt6d8", "periods": {"p0pt6d8xqgg": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "AD 284"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0pt6d8xqgg", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Tetrarchs"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44908508", "locator": "page 296"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "The Tetrarchs", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0312"}, "label": "AD 312"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pt6d8krhh": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "AD 235"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0pt6d8krhh", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Soldier Emperors"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44908508", "locator": "page 284"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "The Soldier Emperors", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "AD 284"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pt6d8n4tp": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0307"}, "label": "AD 307"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0pt6d8n4tp", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44908508", "locator": "page 312"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Constantine", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0337"}, "label": "AD 337"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0vhct4": {"source": {"partOf": {"title": "The archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians : recent work at Gordion", "contributors": [{"name": "Kealhofer, Lisa.", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/29817669"}], "yearPublished": 2005, "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57675928"}, "locator": "page 27"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0vhct4", "periods": {"p0vhct4t32g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct4t32g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Hellenistic"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0329"}, "label": "c. 330 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q542854", "label": "Gordion"}], "label": "Early Hellenistic", "editorialNote": "added post-GeoDia", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0233", "earliestYear": "-0266"}, "label": "mid 3rd century BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct4596n": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct4596n", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Phrygian"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0539"}, "label": "c. 540 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Late Phrygian", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0329"}, "label": "330 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct4mvn4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct4mvn4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "c. 2000 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q542854", "label": "Gordion"}], "label": "Middle Bronze Age", "editorialNote": "added post-GeoDia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct43bzr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct43bzr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval"]}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "1300", "earliestYear": "1201"}, "label": "13th century AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q542854", "label": "Gordion"}], "label": "Medieval", "editorialNote": "added post-GeoDia", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1400", "earliestYear": "1301"}, "label": "14th century AD"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct4nnfk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct4nnfk", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "c. 1500 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q542854", "label": "Gordion"}], "label": "Late Bronze Age", "editorialNote": "added post-GeoDia", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1100", "earliestYear": "-1199"}, "label": "12th century BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct44nc2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct44nc2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Initial Early Phrygian"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0949"}, "label": "c. 950 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Initial Early Phrygian", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct4fbq2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct4fbq2", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Phrygian"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "c. 900 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q542854", "label": "Gordion"}], "label": "Early Phrygian", "editorialNote": "added post-GeoDia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct4x7qr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct4x7qr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "c. 2500 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Bronze Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct48rsx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct48rsx", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1179"}, "label": "1180 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Early Iron Age", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0949"}, "label": "c. 950 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct4j2w4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct4j2w4", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"]}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0034", "earliestYear": "0001"}, "label": "Early 1st century AD"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q542854", "label": "Gordion"}], "label": "Roman", "editorialNote": "added post-GeoDia", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0500", "earliestYear": "0401"}, "label": "5th century AD"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct4m9zc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct4m9zc", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Phrygian"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "c. 800 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "label": "Middle Phrygian", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0539"}, "label": "540 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct49h3g": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct49h3g", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Phrygian Destruction"]}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q542854", "label": "Gordion"}], "label": "Early Phrygian Destruction", "editorialNote": "added post-GeoDia", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}, "p0vhct4fq2x": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "id": "p0vhct4fq2x", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Hellenistic"]}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0233", "earliestYear": "-0266"}, "label": "mid 3rd century BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q542854", "label": "Gordion"}], "label": "Later Hellenistic", "editorialNote": "added post-GeoDia", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0133", "earliestYear": "-0166"}, "label": "mid 2nd century BC"}, "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0367jz": {"source": {"title": "The periodization of history.", "contributors": [], "yearPublished": "1918", "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/79745128", "creators": [{"name": "Ephraim Emerton", "id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/64292394"}]}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p0367jz", "editorialNote": "Full reference: Ephraim Emerton, \"The Periodization of History\", Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society (October 1918-July 1919), 52: 55-69. Available online at https://www.google.com/books/edition/Proceedings_of_the_Massachusetts_Histori/cfwKAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0. Spatial coverage in this work balances repeated references to \"the world\" by the author (taken as the source's assertion of coverage) with the apparently exclusive focus of the periods mentioned on Europe (as at p. 59, \"If we confine our interest to that branch of the stream of history which chiefly interests us as heirs of the European tradition, we find ready to our hand the conventional division in to 'ancient', 'mediaeval', and 'modern'\").\n\nEmerton's paper actually proposes only five broad divisions of history, but he refers to the labels for the 16th and 18th centuries as common knowledge, so this work also attests to the currency of those period terms at the time of publication.", "periods": {"p0367jztj3m": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"After 1600 [the ideals] of the modern stage have clearly outlined themselves\" (p. 64).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["modern"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "editorialNote": "Stop date derived from the year of publication.", "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/79745128", "locator": "page 64"}, "label": "modern", "spatialCoverageDescription": "the world", "id": "p0367jztj3m", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p0367jzwq95": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1701"}, "label": "1701"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"The sixteenth is the Century of Reformation; the eighteenth is the Century of Enlightenment\" page 67.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Century of Enlightenment"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/79745128", "locator": "page 67"}, "label": "Century of Enlightenment", "spatialCoverageDescription": "the world", "id": "p0367jzwq95", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p0367jz526n": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1501"}, "label": "1501"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"The sixteenth is the Century of Reformation; the eighteenth is the Century of Enlightenment\" page 67.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Century of Reformation"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/79745128", "locator": "page 67"}, "label": "Century of Reformation", "spatialCoverageDescription": "the world", "id": "p0367jz526n", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p0367jz87wj": {"start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "about 400"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"To save the meaning of \"mediaeval\" and at the same time to give greater clearness and validity to both \"ancient\" and \"modern\", it is worth while to carry on our process of division a stage further and to create for our use two additional periods, one preceding, one following that of the Middle Ages proper. If we think of this purely mediaeval section as beginning with Karl the Great about the year 800 and ending with Dante about 1300 these two new periods will then define themselves chronologically as covering respectively the years from about 400 to 800 and from about 1300 to 1600\" (pp. 63-64); \"At first thought these two added periods seem to be lacking in our first essential requirement, a distinctive character; but this difficulty grows less upon reflection. Superficially they seem to be characterized only by a greater degree of confusion than the others but, as we try to penetrate this apparent confusion, we see that it is better described as \"transition\"...\" (p. 64); \"And what has been said of the First European Transition is equally true of the second\" (p. 65).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First European Transition"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "about 800"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/79745128", "locator": "pages 64-65"}, "label": "First European Transition", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "id": "p0367jz87wj", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "editorialNote": "The cultural references and name clearly place this period in Europe."}, "p0367jzcspk": {"start": {"label": "about the year 800", "in": {"year": "0800"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"If we think of this purely mediæval section as beginning with Karl the Great about the year 800 and ending with Dante about 1300...\" page 64", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["mediaeval", "mediæval"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "about 1300"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/79745128", "locator": "page 64"}, "label": "Middle Ages", "spatialCoverageDescription": "the world", "id": "p0367jzcspk", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "editorialNote": "\"Middle Ages\" used with capitals, passim; \"mediæval\" also frequent, with the same sense, but seems to be used slightly more generically in the section dealing with the proposed periodization"}, "p0367jzzfpr": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "about 1300"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"To save the meaning of \"mediaeval\" and at the same time to give greater clearness and validity to both \"ancient\" and \"modern\", it is worth while to carry on our process of division a stage further and to create for our use two additional periods, one preceding, one following that of the Middle Ages proper. If we think of this purely mediaeval section as beginning with Karl the Great about the year 800 and ending with Dante about 1300 these two new periods will then define themselves chronologically as covering respectively the years from about 400 to 800 and from about 1300 to 1600\" (pp. 63-64); \"At first thought these two added periods seem to be lacking in our first essential requirement, a distinctive character; but this difficulty grows less upon reflection. Superficially they seem to be characterized only by a greater degree of confusion than the others but, as we try to penetrate this apparent confusion, we see that it is better described as \"transition\"...\" (p. 64); \"And what has been said of the First European Transition is equally true of the second\" (p. 65); \"Small wonder that this period was until lately neglected by the general student of history or that it has been claimed alternately by the historians of the Middle Ages and by those of modern Europe. It becomes interesting and illuminating when it is treated by itself as the Second European Transition... These two added periods, then, have a character of their own, the character of transition\" (p. 65).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Transition"]}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "about 1600"}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/79745128", "locator": "page 65"}, "label": "Second European Transition", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "id": "p0367jzzfpr", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "editorialNote": "The label assigned to the period and the reference to historians of modern Europe clearly indicates that this period refers to European history."}, "p0367jzb8hz": {"id": "p0367jzb8hz", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 59 and 64"}, "label": "ancient", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["antiquity"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7204", "label": "Middle East"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27381", "label": "North Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "the world", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0910"}, "label": "911 B.C."}, "stop": {"label": "the year 400", "in": {"year": "0400"}}, "note": "\"What we ordinarily call \"ancient history\" has a certain character of its own. It presents to our view a majestic succession of great empires, Assyrian, Babylonian, Persian, Greek and Roman; and these, with all their obvious differences, have certain common features. The theory of sovereignty is in each case the same. Each believes itself called upon in its own time to dominate as much of the earth's surface as it can reach with its arms or, in the case of Greece, with the even more penetrating weapon of its civilization. There is room in the world for only one sovereignty at a time, and the price it has to pay for its domination is the destruction of the world sovereignty that has preceded it\" (p. 59); \"Before the\nyear 400 the ideals of antiquity still dominate the world\" (p. 64).", "editorialNote": "Start date is taken as the start date of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, which Emerton appears to treat as the earliest recognizable entity in \"ancient history\", presumably as a result of its relevance to Biblical tradition; end date taken directly from the statement on p. 64. Spatial coverage appears to be \"the world\" (as in \"there is room in the world\", but the spatial extent described on p. 60 is \"the all-embracing sway of the Roman Imperium, turning the great Middle Sea into a Roman lake and reaching out northward and westward as far as the Roman legion and the Roman trader could penetrate.\""}}}, "p08m57h": {"source": {"title": "British Museum", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/matcult"}, "type": "Authority", "id": "p08m57h", "periods": {"p08m57h65g5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Western Europe: 450BC-43AD.  The term La Tène is used to describe the material culture of the latter half of the Iron Age across much of northern and western Europe, from 450BC to the Roman conquest. The name is derived from a site on Lake Neuchâtel, Switzerland, where the first 'La Tène' type objects were excavated in the late 19thC.  In addition to describing a broad chronological timeframe, the term La Tène is also used to refer to certain types of object characteristic of this period, for example a La Tène sword or brooch. La Tène can be subdivided into La Tène I, II and III, or La Tène A, B, C and D. Using these subdivisions well established typologies of La Tène objects have been created. For example, the attachment of the foot to the bow on La Tène brooches follows a pattern which is consistent over time and across much of Europe. For example, the foot of a La Tène I brooch is not attached to the bow. If a brooch of this type is discovered it is an important piece of dating evidence for other types of object.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111161", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111161", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "43 AD"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 BC"}, "label": "La Tène", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Northern and Western Europe", "id": "p08m57h65g5", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27479", "label": "Northern Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27496", "label": "Western Europe"}]}, "p08m57htvk7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Dynasty ruling in Kashmir c. AD 939-1003.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116171", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yashaskara and Parvagupta"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116171", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1003"}, "label": "AD 1003"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0939"}, "label": "c. AD 939"}, "label": "Yashaskara and Parvagupta", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kashmir", "id": "p08m57htvk7", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hhzfs": {"id": "p08m57hhzfs", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1154"}, "label": "1154"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14342", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14342", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1151"}, "label": "1151"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ninpyo Era"]}, "label": "Ninpyo Era", "note": "1151-1154", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hp3mw": {"id": "p08m57hp3mw", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0906"}, "label": "906"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14596", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14596", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0618"}, "label": "618"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tang dynasty"]}, "label": "Tang dynasty", "note": "618-906", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h39zn": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}, "id": "p08m57h39zn", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109712", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109712", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 BC"}, "note": "The term refers to a period of the Tumaco cultural tradition of Colombia in the south of the Pacific coast from 700 BC to 400 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tumaco-La Tolita"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "Tumaco-La Tolita", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hw3q5": {"id": "p08m57hw3q5", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0280"}, "label": "280"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14628", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14628", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0221"}, "label": "221"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Three Kingdoms China", "Three Kingdoms"]}, "label": "Three Kingdoms China", "note": "221-280", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8jmm": {"id": "p08m57h8jmm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1748"}, "label": "1748"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13850", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13850", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1744"}, "label": "1744"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Enkyo Era"]}, "label": "Enkyo Era", "note": "1744-1748", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hw6d8": {"id": "p08m57hw6d8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115368", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115368", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1374"}, "label": "1375 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IIIA2"]}, "label": "Late Minoan IIIA2", "note": "1375BC-1300BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hs2c8"}, "p08m57hgfjk": {"id": "p08m57hgfjk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1864"}, "label": "1864"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13721", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13721", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bunkyu Era"]}, "label": "Bunkyu Era", "note": "1861-1864", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxvbs": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1100", "earliestYear": "1001"}, "label": "11th century"}, "id": "p08m57hxvbs", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41692", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41692", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0600", "earliestYear": "0501"}, "label": "6th century"}, "note": "Dynasty that ruled much of northern India from the 6th to the 11th century. There were two branches of the dynasty: that of Harichandra ruled in Mandor, Marwar (Jodhpur, Rajasthan), in the 6th-9th century; that of Nagabhata ruled first at Ujjain and later at Kanauj in the 8th-11th century.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gurjara-Pratihara"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "northern India", "label": "Gurjara-Pratihara", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hf9xk": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1251"}, "label": "1251 (AH 649)"}, "id": "p08m57hf9xk", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52033", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52033", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1127"}, "label": "1127 (AH 521)"}, "note": "1127-1251 (AH 521-AH 649). Jazira and Syria, originally Seljuq goverors, began Muslim counter-attack against Crusader states. The end of the Zangids came with the rise of power of Badr al-Din Lu'lu who ruled in Mosul until the arrival of the Mongols under Hulegu.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zangid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jazira and Syria", "label": "Zangid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hc7zw": {"id": "p08m57hc7zw", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0000", "earliestYear": "-0099"}, "label": "1st century BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23039", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23039", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0300", "earliestYear": "-0399"}, "label": "c.4th century BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dong Son Culture"]}, "label": "Dong Son Culture", "note": "c.4th-1st centuries BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h342n": {"id": "p08m57h342n", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1329"}, "label": "1329"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14082", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14082", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1326"}, "label": "1326"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Karyaku Era"]}, "label": "Karyaku Era", "note": "1326-1329", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hsw5p": {"id": "p08m57hsw5p", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14222", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14222", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Meiji Era"]}, "label": "Meiji Era", "note": "1868-1912", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hs45z": {"id": "p08m57hs45z", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0113"}, "label": "113"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106120", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106120", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1127"}, "label": "1127"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jianyan"]}, "label": "Jianyan", "note": "1127-1131 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hchxp": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hchxp", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x95518", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x95518", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4999"}, "label": "5000 BC"}, "note": "Fars, 5000BC-4000BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bakun"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Fars", "label": "Bakun", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hcw97": {"id": "p08m57hcw97", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13725", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13725", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1818"}, "label": "1818"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bunsei Era"]}, "label": "Bunsei Era", "note": "1818-1830", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h4rnk": {"id": "p08m57h4rnk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1021"}, "label": "1021"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113921", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113921", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1017"}, "label": "1017"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tianxi"]}, "label": "Tianxi", "note": "1017-1021 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hgs5w": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1194"}, "label": "1194 (AH 590)"}, "id": "p08m57hgs5w", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41057", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41057", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1040"}, "label": "1040 (AH 431)"}, "note": "1040-1194 (AH 431-AH 590). Turkic dynasty ruling in Persia, Iraq and Syria that  reunited central 'Abbasid lands. The Seljuqs had originally their home in the steppes north of the Caspian and Aral Seas. They converted to Islam at the end of the 10th century. Under Toghril I Beg they seized Nishapur, the capital of the Ghaznavids in 1038 (AH 429). He entered Baghdad in 1055 (AH 447) and had his title of sultan confirmed by the caliph. The sultanate of the Great Seljuqs was based on a hierarchically organised state in the Perso-Islamic monarchic system, with the supreme sultan supported by a Perian and Arab beaurocracy and a multi-national army directed by Turkish slave commanders. Under Alp Arslan and his son Malik Shah the Great Seljuq empire reached its zenith and Isfahan was the capital. The Seljuqs founded various orthodox Sunni madrasas or religious colleges in Irag and the Persian lands and encouraged a synthesis of traditional theological and legal studies with the spirit of Sufism.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seljuq dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Persia, Iraq and Syria", "label": "Seljuq dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h5m6w": {"id": "p08m57h5m6w", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0901"}, "label": "901"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14535", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14535", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0898"}, "label": "898"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shotai Era"]}, "label": "Shotai Era", "note": "898-901", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h74q6": {"id": "p08m57h74q6", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1059"}, "label": "1060 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115498", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115498", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IIIC"]}, "label": "Late Minoan IIIC", "note": "1200BC-1060BC.  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The last monarch of the Old Kingdom, reigned until about 1500 BC and the following 70 years, the so-called Middle Kingdom has very sparse surviving records.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Old Hittite"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Syria and Mesopotamia", "label": "Old Hittite", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h4gv9": {"id": "p08m57h4gv9", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1156"}, "label": "1156"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14137", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14137", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1154"}, "label": "1154"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kyuju Era"]}, "label": "Kyuju Era", "note": "1154-1156", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7dvf": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0000", "earliestYear": "-0999"}, "label": "1st millennium BC"}, "id": "p08m57h7dvf", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x110078", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x110078", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q398", "label": "Bahrain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q851", "label": "Saudi Arabia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q846", "label": "Qatar"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q878", "label": "United Arab Emirates"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1999", "earliestYear": "-2999"}, "label": "3rd millennium BC"}, "note": "Name of an ancient state based on the islands of Bahrain, Tarut and Failaka, and the neighbouring region of the eastern Arabian coast during the 3rd to 1st millennia BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dilmun"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bahrain, Tarut and Failaka, and the 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"http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14028", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14028", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1115"}, "label": "1115"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jin dynasty"]}, "label": "Jin dynasty", "note": "1115-1234", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hn855": {"id": "p08m57hn855", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1429"}, "label": "1429"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14526", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14526", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1428"}, "label": "1428"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shocho Era"]}, "label": "Shocho Era", "note": "1428-1429", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57htg8p": {"id": "p08m57htg8p", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14251", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14251", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Helladic"]}, "label": "Middle Helladic", "note": "2000BC-1600BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hcmbf": {"id": "p08m57hcmbf", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1658"}, "label": "1658"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14224", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14224", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1655"}, "label": "1655"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Meireki Era"]}, "label": "Meireki Era", "note": "1655-1658", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwcft": {"id": "p08m57hwcft", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1019"}, "label": "1019"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113009", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113009", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1012"}, "label": "1012"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kaitai"]}, "label": "Kaitai", "note": "1012-1019 (era)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjshb": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1788"}, 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Trade with sites in the Persian Gulf, as well as with settlements on the Oxus, has been substantiated.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Indus Civilisation"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pakistan and western India", "label": "Indus Civilisation", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57ht8nd": {"id": "p08m57ht8nd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0995"}, "label": "995"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14534", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14534", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0990"}, "label": "990"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shoryaku Era"]}, "label": "Shoryaku Era", "note": "990-995", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hgq6p": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0800", "earliestYear": "0701"}, "label": "8th century AD"}, "id": "p08m57hgq6p", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41029", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41029", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q32", "label": "Luxembourg"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0001", "earliestYear": "-0099"}, "label": "around the 1st century BC"}, "note": "The term applies to a group of peoples living in the region of Europe outside the Roman Empire known in classical sources as Germania, from around the 1st century BC - 8th century AD. 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", "start": {"in": {"year": "-7999"}, "label": "8000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Archaic"]}, "label": "Early Archaic", "note": "8000 BC-6000 BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxjxh": {"id": "p08m57hxjxh", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0885"}, "label": "885"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13890", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13890", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0877"}, "label": "877"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gangyo Era"]}, "label": "Gangyo Era", "note": "877-885", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkw2g": {"id": "p08m57hkw2g", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1004"}, "label": "1004"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106142", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106142", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0998"}, "label": "998"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xianping"]}, "label": "Xianping", "note": "998-1004 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hsqg3": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hsqg3", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111721", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111721", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1349"}, "label": "c. 1350 BC"}, "note": "Italy: c. 1350 BC - 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The founder, 'Ala al-Din Bahman Shah (1347-1359), governor of Gulbarga for the Delhi Sultanate, declared independence in 1347.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bahmani Dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "north Deccan", "label": "Bahmani Dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hw6gt": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1979"}, "label": "1979"}, "id": "p08m57hw6gt", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113553", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113553", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1819"}, "label": "1819"}, "note": "Local rulers of Kashmir under Sikh suzerainty (1819-46); then rulers of the Indian Princely State of Kashmir (1846-1979). From 1846 under the British, the following rulers issued anonymous coins dated in the Vikrama era: Gulab Singh 1846-1856 (VS 1903-1913); Ranbir Singh 1857-1885 (VS 1914-1942); Pertab Singh 1885-1925 (VS 1942-1979).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dogra dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kashmir", "label": "Dogra dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hfhfz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "1050–1550", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72526", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tularosa"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72526", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1550"}, "label": "1550"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "1050"}, "label": "Tularosa", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "id": "p08m57hfhfz", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q816", "label": "Arizona"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1522", "label": "New Mexico"}]}, "p08m57h6x3k": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0507"}, "label": "AD 507"}, "id": "p08m57h6x3k", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116093", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116093", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0414"}, "label": "AD 414"}, "note": "The term refers to the period of the Visigoths in Southern France from the time of the establishment of the Kingdom of Toulouse in AD 414 until the expulsion of the Visigoths by Clovis in  AD 507.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gallo-Visigothic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern France", "label": "Gallo-Visigothic", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwz93": {"id": "p08m57hwz93", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0806"}, "label": "806"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13860", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13860", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0782"}, "label": "782"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Enryaku Era"]}, "label": "Enryaku Era", "note": "782-806", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkhdk": {"id": "p08m57hkhdk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1162"}, "label": "1162"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111429", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111429", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1127"}, "label": "1127"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gaozong"]}, "label": "Gaozong", "note": "1127-1162 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjv93": {"id": "p08m57hjv93", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1501"}, "label": "1501"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14223", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14223", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Meio Era"]}, "label": "Meio Era", "note": "1492-1501", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hb3mp": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1031"}, "label": "1031 (AH 422)"}, "id": "p08m57hb3mp", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52032", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52032", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0756"}, "label": "756 (AH 138)"}, "note": "756-1031 (AH 138-422). Revival in Spain of Umayyad rule. In 756 (AH 138) 'Abd al-Rahman I, later called al-Dakhil (the Incomer), who had escaped slaughter in the Abbasid Revolution, appeared in Spain and created the Umayyad state there.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Umayyads of Spain"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Spain", "label": "Umayyads of Spain", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqh5d": {"id": "p08m57hqh5d", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1874"}, "label": "1874"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14640", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14640", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1862"}, "label": "1862"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tongzhi"]}, "label": "Tongzhi", "note": "1862-1874 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hhnbk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Period at Haftavan Tepe, Iran, c.1900BC-1450BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105841", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Haftavan Period VIB", "Haftavan VIB"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105841", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1449"}, "label": "1450 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1899"}, "label": "c. 1900 BC"}, "label": "Haftavan Period VIB", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Haftavan Tepe, Iran", "id": "p08m57hhnbk", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}]}, "p08m57hkkkk": {"id": "p08m57hkkkk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1190"}, "label": "1190"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106123", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106123", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1174"}, "label": "1174"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chunxi"]}, "label": "Chunxi", "note": "1174-1190 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpsz3": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0980"}, "label": "980"}, "id": "p08m57hpsz3", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114112", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114112", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0968"}, "label": "968"}, "note": "Vietnamese dynasty, 968-980.  state name: Dai Co Viet", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dinh dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "label": "Dinh dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmxmp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Classical World is a broad term referring to the civilisations of the ancient Mediterranean from around 1000 BC to 400 AD, centred on the idea of a continuous development of literature, ideas and material culture originating in Aegean Greece and its overseas settlements and later adapted and modified by the Roman state from the time of the late Republic and early Empire. The term was originally defined after the Renaissance by the literary and artistic inheritance of Greece in the fifth and fourth centuries BC and Rome between the first century BC and fourth century AD, but later took on a broader meaning including history, material culture, settlement and economy within much wider chronological and geographical parameters. The term also includes cultures in close proximity to or in contact with Greeks and Romans, such as Cyprus, the non-Greek peoples of Anatolia such as Lycians and Carians, and the Villanovan, Etruscan and Italic communities of Italy. Other cultures, such as Phoenicians and Carthaginians, local peoples of Spain and North Africa (including Dynastic Egypt), Phrygians, Thracians, Scythians, Celts and the Germanic tribes tend to be included under other Top Terms in the thesaurus (Prehistoric, Levantine and Middle Eastern periods and cultures, and Historic European Periods and cultures). Chronologically, the term sometimes is extended to the earlier periods of Greek history before 1000 BC, including the Bronze Age Minoan and Mycenaean civilisations based on the idea of cultural ancestry.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109524", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical World"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109524", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BC"}, "label": "Classical World", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Mediterranean", "id": "p08m57hmxmp", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q72499", "label": "Mediterranean Basin"}]}, "p08m57hvzvk": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1260"}, "label": "1260 (AH 658)"}, "id": "p08m57hvzvk", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52008", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52008", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1169"}, "label": "1169 (AH 564)"}, "note": "1169-1260 (AH 564-AH 658). Dynasty of Kurdish origin whose most famous ruler was Saladin I, the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty in Damascus. He conquered Fatimid Egypt and replaced Isma'ili Shi'ism with strong orthodox Sunni religious and educational policy. The Ayyubids were continuing the policy of the Zangids in Syria and the earlier Great Seljuqs. After the death of the Ayyubid al-Kamil Nasir al-Din Muhammad in 1238 (AH 635) internal quarrels turned the Ayyubid empire into a confederation of principalities. 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The Byzantine period is often divided into three phases: the early Byzantine period from the early 4thC to the 7thC (see also the term Late Antique) which saw the losses of the key provinces of Syria and Egypt to the Arabs; the Middle Byzantine period from the 8thC to the early 13thC covering Iconoclasm and ending with the sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204; the Late Byzantine period from the early 13thC to the mid-15thC, a period of geographical and political decline, but also of a flowering of the arts under the Palaeologan dynasty.  See also the terms Late Roman and Medieval and its Narrow Terms.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "eastern Mediterranean", "label": "Byzantine", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvbxh": {"id": "p08m57hvbxh", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1131"}, "label": "1131"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13778", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13778", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1126"}, "label": "1126"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Daiji Era"]}, "label": "Daiji Era", "note": "1126-1131", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6ncv": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1154"}, "label": "1154 (AH 549)"}, "id": "p08m57h6ncv", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52009", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52009", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1104"}, "label": "1104 (AH 497)"}, "note": "1104-1154 (AH 497-549). Damascus and southern Syria.  Dynasty derived from Tughtigin, Atabeg of the Seljuq Amie of Damascus (Buri is the son of Tughtigin). They maintained their power through skilful diplomacy with the Fatamids and the Frankish Crusaders but these balancing policies were not popular with the 'Abbasid Caliphs.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Burid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Damascus and southern Syria", "label": "Burid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hk9w6": {"id": "p08m57hk9w6", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14093", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14093", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1865"}, "label": "1865"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Keio Era"]}, "label": "Keio Era", "note": "1865-1868", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hj5s2": {"id": "p08m57hj5s2", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 BC "}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x108450", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x108450", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "480 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cypro-Classical I"]}, "label": "Cypro-Classical I", "note": "480 BC-400 BC.", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hfsdr"}, "p08m57h2bxd": {"id": "p08m57h2bxd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1741"}, "label": "1741"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13894", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13894", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1736"}, "label": "1736"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Genbun Era"]}, "label": "Genbun Era", "note": "1736-1741", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpkmj": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Period at Haftavan Tepe, Iran, c.1450BC-1100BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105842", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Haftavan Period V", "Haftavan V"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105842", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "1100 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1449"}, "label": "c. 1450 BC"}, "label": "Haftavan Period V", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Haftavan Tepe, Iran", "id": "p08m57hpkmj", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}]}, "p08m57hhvdq": {"id": "p08m57hhvdq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1455"}, "label": "1455"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14134", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14134", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1452"}, "label": "1452"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kyotoku Era"]}, "label": "Kyotoku Era", "note": "1452-1455", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hz3nz": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0072"}, "label": "AD 72"}, "id": "p08m57hz3nz", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x104490", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x104490", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0162"}, "label": "c. 163 BC"}, "note": "Commagene was a small kingdom in southern Turkey, which began life as a tributary state of the Seleucid Empire c. 163 BC and later became an independent kingdom, before eventually being annexed by the Roman Empire in  AD 72.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Commagenian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern Turkey", "label": "Commagenian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h927x": {"id": "p08m57h927x", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1174"}, "label": "1174"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106125", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106125", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1165"}, "label": "1165"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qiandao"]}, "label": "Qiandao", "note": "1165-1174 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h35dv": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1051"}, "label": "1051 (AH 443)"}, "id": "p08m57h35dv", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113394", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113394", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1008"}, "label": "1008 (AH 398)"}, "note": "1008-1051 (AH 398-AH 443). Petty Kurdish and Daylami dynasty of the Zagros region when the power of the Buyids (q.v.) began to fade. With the rise of the Seljuqs in Persia the Kakwayhid's lost their independence and were reduced to vasaledge. Muhammad known as Ibn Kakuya, who was the son of Dushmanziyar, was the governor of Isfahan in 1008 (AH 398). He soon expanded his power to Hamadan and Kurdistan and his court circle included the philosopher and physian Ibn Sina (Avicenna) who functioned as his vizier.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kakwayhid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Zagros region", "label": "Kakwayhid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57htv78": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}, "id": "p08m57htv78", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72317", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72317", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 BC"}, "note": "The term refers to a region and a cultural tradition of Colombia in the Western Range of the Valle del Cauca department from 1500 BC to 1600 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Calima"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "Calima", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9j24": {"id": "p08m57h9j24", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1253"}, "label": "1253"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106129", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106129", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1241"}, "label": "1241"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chunyou"]}, "label": "Chunyou", "note": "1241-1253 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hsmt8": {"id": "p08m57hsmt8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1786"}, "label": "1786"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114117", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114117", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1740"}, "label": "1740"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Canh Hung reign period", "Canh Hung reign"]}, "label": "Canh Hung reign period", "note": "Canh Hung reign period (1740-1786).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2fmh": {"id": "p08m57h2fmh", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1466"}, "label": "1466"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14075", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14075", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1460"}, "label": "1460"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kansho Era"]}, "label": "Kansho Era", "note": "1460-1466", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hz9dg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This term is restricted to Iron Age numismatics, and applies to coins produced between 50 BC-AD 50. It refers to an area roughly equivalent to the modern East Anglia - Norfolk, Suffolk and parts of Cambridgeshire - in which similar styled coins are found. The various issuing authorities of this area seem to have relied on the same sources of technology and craftsmanship. The earliest coins were issued anonymously; later examples carry inscriptions that are assumed to be the names of local rulers. These include AESV, ALIIF SCAVO (or similar), ESVPRASTO, ECEN/ECE (if this is not a reference to the Iceni themselves) and ANTED. The ethnic or tribal identities of these issuers are unclear, but some may have belonged to the Iceni (who can perhaps be equated with the \"Cenimagni\" mentioned by Caesar - Caesar, De Bello Gallico, V.21).", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114770", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British Iron Age East Anglia"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114770", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "AD 50"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0049"}, "label": "50 BC"}, "label": "British Iron Age East Anglia", "spatialCoverageDescription": "modern East Anglia - Norfolk, Suffolk and parts of Cambridgeshire", "id": "p08m57hz9dg", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmb72": {"id": "p08m57hmb72", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0557"}, "label": "557"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14686", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14686", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0535"}, "label": "535"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Western Wei dynasty"]}, "label": "Western Wei dynasty", "note": "535-557", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9nj2": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1262"}, "label": "1262 (AH 660)"}, "id": "p08m57h9nj2", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113047", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113047", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1234"}, "label": "1234 (AH 631)"}, "note": "1234-1262 (AH 631-AH 660). Probably of Armenian origin. Badr al-Din Lulu was recognised by the Abbasid caliph as the ruler of the city of Mosul in 1234 (AH 631). He extended his authority into Ayyubid territory in the Jazira. His son's brief rule came to an end with the invasion of the region under Il-Khanid ruler Hulegu in 1260 (AH 658). Lu'lu's sons fled to the Mamluks in Egypt.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Luluid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mosul; Ayyubid territory in the Jazira", "label": "Luluid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkp2w": {"id": "p08m57hkp2w", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0552"}, "label": "552"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14113", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14113", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0250"}, "label": "250"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kofun Period"]}, "label": "Kofun Period", "note": "250-552 - Tumulus", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6s3j": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1250"}, "label": "AD 1250"}, "id": "p08m57h6s3j", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103297", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103297", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "AD 900"}, "note": "The date range covered is AD 900-AD 1250.  Christopher Donnan, 'Ceramics of Ancient Peru', Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, Los Angeles, 1992.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lambayeque"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Peru ", "label": "Lambayeque", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hh2hn": {"id": "p08m57hh2hn", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1678"}, "label": "1678"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115781", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115781", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1674"}, "label": "1674"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhaowu"]}, "label": "Zhaowu", "note": "1674-1678 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hp665": {"id": "p08m57hp665", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0419"}, "label": "419"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13820", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13820", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0317"}, "label": "317"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eastern Jin dynasty"]}, "label": "Eastern Jin dynasty", "note": "317-419", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h4d5t": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "250BC(?) – 1450AD.  Southeast New Arizona, Southern New Mexico, Northern Mexico", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72434", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mogollon"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72434", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1450"}, "label": "1450 AD"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0249"}, "label": "250 BC?"}, "label": "Mogollon", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeast New Arizona, Southern New Mexico, Northern Mexico", "id": "p08m57h4d5t", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvpvh": {"id": "p08m57hvpvh", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1109"}, "label": "1109"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113016", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113016", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1101"}, "label": "1101"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qiantong"]}, "label": "Qiantong", "note": "1101-1109 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjgvx": {"id": "p08m57hjgvx", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1949"}, "label": "1950 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14257", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14257", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan IA"]}, "label": "Middle Minoan IA", "note": "2000BC-1950BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hhfzc"}, "p08m57h73fj": {"id": "p08m57h73fj", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1390"}, "label": "1390"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13897", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13897", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1384"}, "label": "1384"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Genchu Era"]}, "label": "Genchu Era", "note": "1384-1390", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hh9bz": {"id": "p08m57hh9bz", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72386", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72386", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q736", "label": "Ecuador"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q750", "label": "Bolivia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q298", "label": "Chile"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1530"}, "label": "1530"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Inca"]}, "label": "Inca", "note": "1530-1660", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmbbw": {"id": "p08m57hmbbw", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0770"}, "label": "770"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14029", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14029", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0767"}, "label": "767"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jingo'keiun Era"]}, "label": "Jingo'keiun Era", "note": "767-770", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57ht2s2": {"id": "p08m57ht2s2", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1087"}, "label": "1087"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14381", "url": 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"localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sui dynasty"]}, "label": "Sui dynasty", "note": "589-618", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h395t": {"id": "p08m57h395t", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13693", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13693", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2599"}, "label": "circa 2600 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Banshan Period", "Banshan"]}, "label": "Banshan Period", "note": "circa 2600 BC-2300 BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwmrb": {"id": "p08m57hwmrb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1219"}, "label": "1219"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14096", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14096", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1213"}, "label": "1213"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kenpo Era"]}, "label": "Kenpo Era", "note": "1213-1219", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9htc": {"id": "p08m57h9htc", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115370", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115370", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1249"}, "label": "1250 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IIIB2"]}, "label": "Late Minoan IIIB2", "note": "1250BC-1200BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hnzz5"}, 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"Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1224"}, "label": "1224"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gennin Era"]}, "label": "Gennin Era", "note": "1224-1225", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h42bq": {"id": "p08m57h42bq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1336"}, "label": "1336"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14095", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14095", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1334"}, "label": "1334"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kenmu Era"]}, "label": "Kenmu Era", "note": "1334-1336", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hh5g5": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1215"}, "label": "1215"}, "id": "p08m57hh5g5", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23067", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23067", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "circa 1000"}, "note": "Ruled circa 1000-1215 in Khurasan, Afghanistan and Northern India.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ghurid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Khurasan, Afghanistan, Northern India", "label": "Ghurid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h88gc": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Europe; 125 BC - AD 43", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111164", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène III"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111164", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "AD 43"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0124"}, "label": "125 BC"}, "label": "La Tène III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "id": "p08m57h88gc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7534": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}, "id": "p08m57h7534", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109721", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109721", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900 AD"}, "note": "The term refers to a period in the Tairona cultural tradition of Colombia in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and 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The Six Dynasties with the capital at Jiankang (222-589) include the Wu Kingdom but not the Wei Kingdom.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Six Dynasties"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "capital at Jiankang", "label": "Six Dynasties", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hf23n": {"id": "p08m57hf23n", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1169"}, "label": "1169"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14347", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14347", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1166"}, "label": "1166"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ninnan Era"]}, "label": "Ninnan Era", "note": "1166-1169", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpvzk": {"id": "p08m57hpvzk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0926"}, "label": "926"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112966", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112966", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0926"}, "label": "926"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tianzan"]}, "label": "Tianzan", "note": "926 (era)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7t8h": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The Kalachuris who ruled from Ratanpur from the early 11th century were distantly related to, and feudatories of, the Tripuri Kalachuris. They gained prominence under Jajalladeva I in the early 12th century. Early historical documents of their rule continue to Pratapamalla (reigned c. 1188-1217) and are then interrupted until the 15th century, by which time the family had split into two branches based at Ratanpur and Raipur. 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At its greatest extent the kingdom covered all of western Turkey and its capital was the city of Sardis. Coins were invented in Lydia around  660 BC. In 546 BC king Cyrus II captured Sardis and Lydia became part of the Achaemenid empire. The region never regained independence and was subsequently ruled by Alexander the Great and then the Seleucid dynasty.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lydian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "western Turkey", "label": "Lydian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxjkj": {"id": "p08m57hxjkj", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1208"}, "label": "1208"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106127", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106127", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1205"}, "label": "1205"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kaixi"]}, "label": "Kaixi", "note": "1205-1208 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hrcdn": {"id": "p08m57hrcdn", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0947"}, "label": "947"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112989", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112989", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0926"}, "label": "926"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taizong Liao dynasty"]}, "label": "Taizong Liao dynasty", "note": "926-947 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hscxb": {"id": "p08m57hscxb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103821", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103821", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic I"]}, "label": "Late Helladic I", "note": "1600BC-1500BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hh43m": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1282"}, "label": "1282 (AH 681)"}, "id": "p08m57hh43m", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114248", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114248", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1148"}, "label": "1148 (AH 543)"}, "note": "1148-1282 (AH 543-AH 681). Ruled in Fars, southern Iran, as vassals of the Seljuqs and then in the 13th century as vassals of the Khwarazm Shahs and Mongols. They were of Turkmen origin. Sunqur was the founder of the Salghurids of Fars who consolidated his position in Persia when the power of the Great Seljuqs declined.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Salghurid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Fars, southern Iran; Persia", "label": "Salghurid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzv2n": {"id": "p08m57hzv2n", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x107552", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x107552", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0949"}, "label": "ca. 950 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cypro-Geometric II"]}, "label": "Cypro-Geometric II", "note": "ca. 950 BC-900 BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hq6sd"}, "p08m57ht33c": {"id": "p08m57ht33c", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1141"}, "label": "1141"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13952", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13952", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1135"}, "label": "1135"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hoen Era"]}, "label": "Hoen Era", "note": "1135-1141", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h837z": {"id": "p08m57h837z", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103824", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103824", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1374"}, "label": "1375 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic IIIA2"]}, "label": "Late Helladic IIIA2", "note": "1375BC-1300BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hghhs"}, "p08m57hvc4x": {"id": "p08m57hvc4x", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1194"}, "label": "1194"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115554", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115554", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1190"}, "label": "1190"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shaoxi"]}, "label": "Shaoxi", "note": "1190-1194 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnqg6": {"id": "p08m57hnqg6", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1949", "earliestYear": "-1999"}, "label": "2000/1950 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105792", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105792", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2099"}, "label": "ca. 2100 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cypriot III"]}, "label": "Early Cypriot III", "note": "ca. 2100- 2000/1950 BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvp3z": {"id": "p08m57hvp3z", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0333"}, "label": "333"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114376", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114376", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0319"}, "label": "319"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shi Le"]}, "label": "Shi Le", "note": "319-333 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hh3s9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "1392-1910", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13756", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Choson Dynasty"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13756", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1910"}, "label": "1910"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1392"}, "label": "1392"}, "label": "Choson Dynasty", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "id": "p08m57hh3s9", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p08m57hdxt5": {"id": "p08m57hdxt5", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0557"}, "label": "557"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14176", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14176", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0502"}, "label": "502"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Liang dynasty"]}, "label": "Liang dynasty", "note": "502-557", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2wcs": {"id": "p08m57h2wcs", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1049"}, "label": "circa 1050 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13606", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13606", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "circa 1300 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anyang"]}, "label": "Anyang", "note": "circa 1300 BC-circa 1050 BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h36zv": {"id": "p08m57h36zv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1804"}, "label": "1804"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14135", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14135", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kyowa Era"]}, "label": "Kyowa Era", "note": "1801-1804", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjkhr": {"id": "p08m57hjkhr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1487"}, "label": "1487"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13743", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13743", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1465"}, "label": "1465"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chenghua"]}, "label": "Chenghua", "note": "1465-1487 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hspv3": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0300", "earliestYear": "0201"}, "label": "3rd century AD"}, "id": "p08m57hspv3", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113048", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113048", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0100", "earliestYear": "0001"}, "label": "c. 1st century AD"}, "note": "The term refers to a culture from c. 1stC to 3rdC AD. Knowledge of the so-called Indo-Parthians derives largely from coins and a few inscriptions. Some of the names and coin designs suggest links with the Parthians of Iran, but the precise relationship is not clear. In the first century AD the Indo-Parthians seem to have gained control of the region stretching from the Punjab, Sind and Gandhara (north-west Pakistan) to Seistan (south-east Iran). The principal ruler is Gondophares (c. AD 32–60). The title ‘Gondophares’ (Old Persian Vindapharna ‘Winner of Glory’) was adopted by his successors in addition to their given names on coins from Arachosia (Qandahar) and the Punjab. However, in Sind and Seistan they also issued coins in their own right as ‘king’ or ‘king of kings’. This suggests a complex situation of rulers and sub-rulers who owed varying degrees of allegiance to the Indo-Parthian king.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Indo-Parthian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "north-west Pakistan to south-east Iran", "label": "Indo-Parthian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hfhx5": {"id": "p08m57hfhx5", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0846"}, "label": "846"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114529", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114529", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0840"}, "label": "840"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wuzong"]}, "label": "Wuzong", "note": "840-846 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hrrc7": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "present"}, "id": "p08m57hrrc7", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41047", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41047", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "note": "This is a catch-all term used for post-1500 objects mainly from England.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post-Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England ", "label": "Post-Medieval", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h3c9j": {"id": "p08m57h3c9j", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1888"}, "label": "1888"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114219", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114219", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1886"}, "label": "1886"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dong Khanh"]}, "label": "Dong Khanh", "note": "(1886-1888) reign.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmf57": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1307"}, "label": "1307 (AH 707)"}, "id": "p08m57hmf57", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52027", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52027", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1081"}, "label": "1081 (AH 473)"}, "note": "1081-1307 (AH 473-AH 707). Turkic dynasty which originated in west-central Anatolia with capital at Konya but later spread over most of Anatolia except the western fringes. The Seljuqs of Rum were an offshoot of the Great Seljuqs. After Alp Arslan's victory over the Byzantines, one of the descendants of one of the sons established a local Seljuq sultanate in Anatolia. The Latin conquest of Constantinople in 1204 (AH 600) gave the Seljuqs and oppurtunity to reestablish their power and extend their influence to the Mediterranean. With this and control over northern coastlands a flourishing transit trade developed between Egypt and the eastern Mediterranean across Anatolia to the Black Sea, the Crimea and the lands of the Mongol Golden Hoard. After circa 1225 commercial relations began with Italian trading cities.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seljuqs of Rum"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "most of Anatolia", "label": "Seljuqs of Rum", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8r5b": {"id": "p08m57h8r5b", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1402"}, "label": "1402"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14024", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14024", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1399"}, "label": "1399"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jianwen"]}, "label": "Jianwen", "note": "1399-1402 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqrz2": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1434"}, "label": "1434"}, "id": "p08m57hqrz2", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116787", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116787", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1078"}, "label": "c. 1078"}, "note": "The Eastern Ganga Dynasty (c. 1078-1434) ruled parts of Orissa and West Bengal.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eastern Ganga Dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "parts of Orissa and West Bengal", "label": "Eastern Ganga Dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hs4cr": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1794"}, "label": "1794 (AH 1209)"}, "id": "p08m57hs4cr", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113402", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113402", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1751"}, "label": "1751 (AH 1164)"}, "note": "The Zand dynasty ruled Persia (except Khurasan) from 1751-1794 (AH 1164-AH 1209), the first ruler Karim Khan reigned as regent (vakil) for Ismail III of the Safavids.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zand dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Persia", "label": "Zand dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkbgv": {"id": "p08m57hkbgv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1067"}, "label": "1067"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113923", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113923", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1064"}, "label": "1064"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhiping"]}, "label": "Zhiping", "note": "1064-1067 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hgf42": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0924"}, "label": "924"}, "id": "p08m57hgf42", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23229", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23229", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1779"}, "label": "1779"}, "note": "The Qajars ruled from 1779 to 1924. Dynasty from Astarabad, south-east of the Caspian Sea. 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Despite this distinction the terms Epi-palaeolithic and Mesolithic are occasionally used as if synonymous.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111950", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epi-palaeolithic"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111950", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "6000 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-11999"}, "label": "12,000 BC"}, "label": "Epi-palaeolithic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa, Middle East and parts of Europe", "id": "p08m57hq7bs", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7204", "label": "Middle East"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p08m57hktmp": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "668-935", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14651", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Unified Silla Dynasty"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14651", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0935"}, "label": "935"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0668"}, "label": "668"}, "label": "Unified Silla Dynasty", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "id": "p08m57hktmp", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hp9sx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "An Iron Age culture of eastern Turkey named after the kingdom of Urartu (c 860-585 BC) centred around Lake Van. At its height, the Urartian kingdom extended north into modern Armenia and southern Georgia; west to the sources of the River Euphrates in Turkey; east to modern Lake Urmia and south to the sources of the River Tigris. Urartu passed into the hands of the Orontid kingdom of Armenia after invasions by Scythians and Medes from the areas of modern Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan and Iran around 612 BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14660", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Urartian"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14660", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0584"}, "label": "585 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0859"}, "label": "c 860 BC"}, "label": "Urartian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Urartu kingdom, eastern Turkey", "id": "p08m57hp9sx", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}]}, "p08m57hd564": {"id": "p08m57hd564", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1374"}, "label": "1375 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103827", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103827", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic IIIA1"]}, "label": "Late Helladic IIIA1", "note": "1400BC-1375BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hghhs"}, "p08m57hsr8j": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Levant: 586BC-332BC.  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These coins were issued by the Arabs and Muslim authorities who governed the Sasanian provinces after the overthrow of the Sasanian empire. This coin type persisted in the eastern provinces of the caliphate for almost 200 years.  The Yazdgird Era, commonly abbreviated as YE, is the first era inscribed on Tabaristan coins and on some Arab-Sasanian coins. YE1 (ie. year 1 of the Yazdgird Era) corresponds to AD 632/633, the first regnal year of the last Sasanian ruler Yazdgird III (632/3-651).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Arab-Sasanian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sasanian eastern provinces", "label": "Arab-Sasanian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hp2vq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "345-525. Ancient royal family of Karnataka that ruled from Banavasi in present day Uttara Kannada district. The dynasty later continued to rule as a feudatory of larger Kannada empires, the Chalukya and the Rashtrakuta empires for over five hundred years during which time they branched into Goa and Hanagal. 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Christopher Donnan, 'Ceramics of Ancient Peru', Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, Los Angeles, 1992.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Moche"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Peru", "label": "Moche", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqf2z": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0300", "earliestYear": "-0399"}, "label": "4th century BC"}, "id": "p08m57hqf2z", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14398", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14398", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0500", "earliestYear": "-0599"}, "label": "6th century BC"}, "note": "A style resulting from the interaction of Greek and Persian craft production, primarily as a result of the Persian control of East Greek (q.v.) communities in 6th-4thC BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Perso-Greek"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Greece", "label": "Perso-Greek", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hdsc8": {"id": "p08m57hdsc8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1313"}, "label": "1313"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115591", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115591", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1312"}, "label": "1312"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Huangqing"]}, "label": "Huangqing", "note": "1312-1313 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmsvq": {"id": "p08m57hmsvq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1323"}, "label": "1323"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115594", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115594", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1321"}, "label": "1321"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhizhi"]}, "label": "Zhizhi", "note": "1321-1323 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxcnt": {"id": "p08m57hxcnt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1626"}, "label": "1626"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115802", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115802", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1616"}, "label": "1616"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tianming"]}, "label": "Tianming", "note": "1616-1626 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hthkm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1979"}, "label": "1979 (SH 1358)"}, "id": "p08m57hthkm", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114008", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114008", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1925"}, "label": "1925 (SH 1304)"}, "note": "1925-1979 (SH 1304-SH 1358). Iranian dynasty succeeding the Qajar dynasty. The Pahlavis under Muhammad Reza Shah gave up the throne during the Islamic Revolution of 1979. 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See also Chalcolithic (literally \"Copper Stone Age\") in the Middle East.  Soviet literature uses Aeneolithic.  Copper Age is not a term used in Britain, Ireland or Scandinavia.  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Dynasty of local land owners in Khurasan and Transoxania who claimed descent from pre-Islamic Sasanian emperors of Iran. New Persian language and literature flourished under Samanid rule. In the middle of the 10th century a series of revolts resulted in decentralisation and enabled the Qarakhanids and Ghaznavids to cease control over Samanid territories in 1005 (AH 395).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Samanid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Khurasan and Transoxania", "label": "Samanid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6tvb": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1649"}, "label": "1650 BC"}, "id": "p08m57h6tvb", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105793", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105793", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1899"}, "label": "ca. 1900 BC"}, "note": "ca. 1900 BC-1650 BC. The second division of the Cypriot Bronze Age, marking an expansion in the range of pottery types (including White Painted wares which appeared at the end of the EC period), the spread of settlements all over the island (including fortified sites) and the first signs of significant overseas contacts in the form of numerous ceramic exports to surrounding regions. Many artefacts types, including metal goods, are similar to those from the EC and continue in use into the LC. The last phase of Middle Cypriot, MCIII, witnesses a major increase in the economic and cultural dynamism of the island, including the establishment of new coastal settlements.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Cypriot"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "label": "Middle Cypriot", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkdk9": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1722"}, "label": "1722 (AH 1135)"}, "id": "p08m57hkdk9", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23245", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23245", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1501"}, "label": "1501 (AH 907)"}, "note": "1501-1722 (AH 907-AH 1135). The family traced its ancestry to Shaykh Safi al-Din who died in 1334 and is buried at the shrine in Adabil in north-western Iran. In 1501 (AH 905) Isma'il defeated the Aq Qoyunlu, seized Azarbaijan and took control of the whole of Persia. He declared Twelver Shi'ism as the state religion of Iran. The Safavids traced their lineage through the seventh Imam, Musa al-Kazim to ‘Ali, the Prophet Muhammad's son in law and his family. In 1514 (AH 920) Isma'il I and his army of Turkmen Qizilbash ('red heads' because of their red caps) suffered a humiliating defeat by the Ottoman Sultan Selim I at the battle of Chaldiran in north-western Iran. His son and successor Tahmasp I was either defending his western and eastern borders or controlling the Qizilbash. The most outstanding ruler of this dynasty was Shah ‘Abbas who drove the Ottomans out of the Azabarjian and established Persian control over the Caucasus and the Persian Gulf. Isfahan became the capital of Safavid Iran. Safavid rule collapsed with the invasion of the country  by the Afghan Ghilzays in 1722 (AH 1135).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Safavid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iran; Persia", "label": "Safavid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzwb9": {"id": "p08m57hzwb9", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0892"}, "label": "892"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13785", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13785", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0890"}, "label": "890"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dashun Zhaozong"]}, "label": "Dashun Zhaozong", "note": "890-892 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hf3q8": {"id": "p08m57hf3q8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1620"}, "label": "1620"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14679", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14679", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1573"}, "label": "1573"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wanli"]}, "label": "Wanli", "note": "1573-1620 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvfzk": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1507"}, "label": "1507 (AH 913)"}, "id": "p08m57hvfzk", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23294", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23294", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1370"}, "label": "1370 (AH 7721)"}, "note": "1370-1507  (AH 7721-AH 913). Dynasty named after Timur Lang (Tamerlain) who came from the Barlas clan of Turkicised Mongols. Timur acquired the title guregen/kureken, Mongolian for 'royal son-in-law' because of his marriage to a Chingizid princess. Timur was interested in settled lands of ancient Islamic or Indian culture and eventually built his capital at Samarkand (modern Uzbekistan). His rise to power began in Transoxiana. The later Timurids were mere local rulers in Khurasan and Transoxiana. The Timurid period was one of the most glorious periods in Medieval Islamic art in Transoxiana and Persia.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Timurid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Samarkand (modern Uzbekistan); Transoxiana; Khurasan; Persia", "label": "Timurid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxw49": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "37 BC-668", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14115", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Koguryo Kingdom"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14115", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0668"}, "label": "668"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0036"}, "label": "37 BC"}, "label": "Koguryo Kingdom", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "id": "p08m57hxw49", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2hcx": {"id": "p08m57h2hcx", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116811", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116811", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0907"}, "label": "907"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ten Kingdoms"]}, "label": "Ten Kingdoms", "note": "907-960", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpkdr": {"id": "p08m57hpkdr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1398"}, "label": "1398"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13957", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13957", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1368"}, "label": "1368"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hongwu"]}, "label": "Hongwu", "note": "1368-1398 (reign).   Emperor Taizu (Zhu Yuanzhang).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9jj8": {"id": "p08m57h9jj8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0889"}, "label": "889"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14346", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14346", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0885"}, "label": "885"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ninna Era"]}, "label": "Ninna Era", "note": "885-889", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hj6xg": {"id": "p08m57hj6xg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1275"}, "label": "1275"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13715", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13715", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1264"}, "label": "1264"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bun'ei Era"]}, "label": "Bun'ei Era", "note": "1264-1275", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8dch": {"id": "p08m57h8dch", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0947"}, "label": "947"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14614", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14614", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0938"}, "label": "938"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tengyo Era"]}, "label": "Tengyo Era", "note": "938-947", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hg5fm": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Period at Haftavan Tepe, Iran, c200-600 AD.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105846", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Haftavan Period IC-IA", "Haftavan IC-IA"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105846", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600 AD"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "c. 200 AD"}, "label": "Haftavan Period IC-IA", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Haftavan Tepe, Iran", "id": "p08m57hg5fm", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hgx95": {"id": "p08m57hgx95", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1299"}, "label": "1299"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13834", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13834", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1293"}, "label": "1293"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Einin Era"]}, "label": "Einin Era", "note": "1293-1299", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hbdv4": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1154"}, "label": "1155 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hbdv4", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14086", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14086", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11767", "label": "Mesopotamia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "note": "With the collapse of strong control at Babylon around 1600 BC, a dynasty of Kassite kings, whose original homeland may have been in the mountains to the east, was able to claim the throne and eventually united the cities of southern Mesopotamia into a single country, Babylonia. The last Kassite king was defeated by the Elamites of southwest Iran in 1155 BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kassite"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern Mesopotamia", "label": "Kassite", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9zxm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "id": "p08m57h9zxm", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14244", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14244", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "note": "The Middle Cycladic period (2000BC – 1600BC) refers to material produced in the Cyclades during the Aegean Middle Bronze Age. As with the Middle Minoan and Middle Helladic periods, it is further divided into I, II and III.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Cycladic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyclades", "label": "Middle Cycladic", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxw2p": {"id": "p08m57hxw2p", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12050"}, "label": "14000 years ago"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x101582", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x101582", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-16050"}, "label": "c. 18000 years ago"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Solutrean", "Upper Paleolithic"]}, "label": "Solutrean", "note": "In the Upper Palaeolithic, c.18000 - 14000 years ago.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hptc9": {"id": "p08m57hptc9", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1449"}, "label": "1449"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13722", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13722", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1444"}, "label": "1444"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bunnan Era"]}, "label": "Bunnan Era", "note": "1444-1449", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmnb8": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0064"}, "label": "AD 64"}, "id": "p08m57hmnb8", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114171", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114171", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0074"}, "label": "circa 75 BC"}, "note": "Dynasty of Central Asian nomadic origin, who ruled in south-east Afghanistan and north-west Pakistan circa 75 BC-AD 64.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Indo-Scythian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "south-east Afghanistan and north-west Pakistan", "label": "Indo-Scythian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hdng4": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "about AD 1050"}, "id": "p08m57hdng4", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41022", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41022", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "about AD 400"}, "note": "For the British Isles, the term refers to the period from about AD 400 to about AD 1050. The term 'Celtic' is used to refer generally to Early Medieval objects from Ireland, Scotland, Wales and Cornwall, ie. the non-Anglo-Saxon areas.   For Continental Europe, for the western territories of the former Roman Empire (Italy, France, Spain, etc.) the Early Medieval period is generally accepted to begin in around AD 400. For the eastern Roman Empire, the term Byzantine is used.   N.B.   For all European coins, the term 'Medieval' (rather than the Narrow Terms 'Early Medieval' and 'Late Medieval') is used as a general term for the period c. 400 to c. 1500. Other term can also be entered, such as 'Burgundian'.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "Early Medieval", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hj7gv": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}, "id": "p08m57hj7gv", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72522", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72522", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1 AD"}, "note": "The term refers to a region of Colombia in the Magdalena valley in the Tolima and Huila departments from 1 AD to 1600 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tolima"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "Tolima", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h3zvp": {"id": "p08m57h3zvp", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1171"}, "label": "1171"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14078", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14078", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1169"}, "label": "1169"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kao Era"]}, "label": "Kao Era", "note": "1169-1171", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hgvkz": {"id": "p08m57hgvkz", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1320"}, "label": "1320"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115592", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115592", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1314"}, "label": "1314"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tingyou"]}, "label": "Tingyou", "note": "1314-1320 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57htpwk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "7000 BC - modern times.  Northern Atlantic coast between Newfoundland and Maine. Sea mammal hunting culture, winters were spent inland hunting caribou, elk etc.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72416", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Maritime Archaic"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72416", "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "modern times"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "7000 BC"}, "label": "Maritime Archaic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Northern Atlantic coast between Newfoundland and Maine", "id": "p08m57htpwk", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q724", "label": "Maine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q16", "label": "Canada"}]}, "p08m57hr9km": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0493"}, "label": "AD 493"}, "id": "p08m57hr9km", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41045", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41045", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0493"}, "label": "AD 493"}, "note": "The term refers to the period of domination of Italy by the Ostrogoths, a Gothic barbarian people originally from Sweden, from AD 493-AD 553 (but including several years of warfare either side of these dates). See also the terms Byzantine and Late Antique.  In Spain, the Ostrogothic short lived domination began after the Battle of Vouillé in AD 507.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ostrogothic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "label": "Ostrogothic", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6h3g": {"id": "p08m57h6h3g", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1460"}, "label": "1460"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13754", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13754", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1457"}, "label": "1457"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Choroku Era"]}, "label": "Choroku Era", "note": "1457-1460", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hx528": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1686"}, "label": "1686 (AH 1097)"}, "id": "p08m57hx528", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113459", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113459", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1490"}, "label": "1490 (AH 895)"}, "note": "1490-1686 (AH 895-AH 1097). Dynasty ruling in the western part of the Bahmanid Sultanate at Bijapur. The founder of the dynasty was Yusuf Khan, previously a commander and provisional governor for the Bahmanids. He proclaimed his independence in 1489 (AH 895).  The capital Bijapur became a centre for learning and the arts, where Persian literature became part of the Persianisation process in the region. Bijapur was captured by the Mogul emperor Aurangzib Alamgir in 1686 (AH 1097).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Adil Shahi dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "western part of the Bahmanid Sultanate at Bijapur", "label": "Adil Shahi dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpj6q": {"id": "p08m57hpj6q", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1097"}, "label": "1097"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106117", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106117", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1094"}, "label": "1094"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shaosheng"]}, "label": "Shaosheng", "note": "1094-1097 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hw9qp": {"id": "p08m57hw9qp", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13886", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13886", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0907"}, "label": "907"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Five Dynasties"]}, "label": "Five Dynasties", "note": "907-960", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hz3tg": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1227"}, "label": "1227"}, "id": "p08m57hz3tg", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113032", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113032", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1038"}, "label": "1038"}, "note": "A kingdom in western China from 1038-1227.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Western Xia dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "western China", "label": "Western Xia dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvj3x": {"id": "p08m57hvj3x", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1235"}, "label": "1235"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13724", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13724", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1234"}, "label": "1234"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bunryaku Era"]}, "label": "Bunryaku Era", "note": "1234-1235", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hts6f": {"id": "p08m57hts6f", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0770"}, "label": "771 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14687", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14687", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1049"}, "label": "1050 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Western Zhou dynasty"]}, "label": "Western Zhou dynasty", "note": "1050 BC-771 BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkp64": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hkp64", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14411", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14411", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "approximately 2300 BC"}, "note": "The latest of the three cultural groups into which the Early Cycladic (q.v.) period is divided, based on consistently recurring types of pottery, bronze and marble objects. The name refers to the type site used by Colin Renfrew to define the culture, although the term applies to material from the Cyclades as a whole. 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Ubaid culture began in southern Iraq and spread northwards to cover much of the Fertile Crescent around 4500BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14648", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ubaid"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14648", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-5899"}, "label": "c. 5900 BC"}, "label": "Ubaid", "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern Iraq and much of the Fertile Crescent", "id": "p08m57hg2rh", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q170526", "label": "Fertile Crescent"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}]}, "p08m57hhvzg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Period at Haftavan Tepe, Iran, c.800BC-700BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105844", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Haftavan Period III", "Haftavan III"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105844", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "c. 800 BC"}, "label": "Haftavan Period III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Haftavan Tepe, Iran", "id": "p08m57hhvzg", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}]}, "p08m57hs6bz": {"id": "p08m57hs6bz", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1885"}, "label": "1885"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114218", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114218", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1885"}, "label": "1885"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ham Nghi"]}, "label": "Ham Nghi", "note": "(1885) reign.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hsbhh": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "750 AD"}, "id": "p08m57hsbhh", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103153", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103153", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0576"}, "label": "c. 576 AD"}, "note": "Ruling Dynasty of Nepal c.576-750 AD.  This culture was based on the Kathmandu valley and was influenced by the Gupta culture of lowland India to the south.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lichhavi"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nepal", "label": "Lichhavi", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9qv7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The Koban culture is based in the central Caucasus. Koban articles are diverse, but the most typical are bronze items of the 11th to 4th centuries BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14111", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Koban"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14111", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0300", "earliestYear": "-0399"}, "label": "4th century BC"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1000", "earliestYear": "-1099"}, "label": "11th century BC"}, "label": "Koban", "spatialCoverageDescription": "central Caucasus", "id": "p08m57h9qv7", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18869", "label": "Caucasus"}]}, "p08m57h9k85": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1815"}, "label": "1815"}, "id": "p08m57h9k85", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113555", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113555", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1749"}, "label": "AD 1749"}, "note": "Kingdom in the hills of Nepal, north-west of Kathmandu, which first minted coins in AD 1749 under the ruler Prithvi Narayan Shah (1742-1775). 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"http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eikyo Era"]}, "label": "Eikyo Era", "note": "1429-1441", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxd68": {"id": "p08m57hxd68", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0781"}, "label": "781"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13955", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13955", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0770"}, "label": "770"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hoki Era"]}, "label": "Hoki Era", "note": "770-781", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hx2df": {"id": "p08m57hx2df", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0924"}, "label": "924"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116818", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116818", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0919"}, "label": "919"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qiande"]}, "label": "Qiande", "note": "919-924", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6k8g": {"id": "p08m57h6k8g", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13811", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13811", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Minoan IIA"]}, "label": "Early Minoan IIA", "note": "2900BC-2500BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57h9pqr"}, "p08m57h4gbt": {"id": "p08m57h4gbt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1751"}, "label": "1751"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14065", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14065", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1748"}, "label": "1748"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kan'en Era"]}, "label": "Kan'en Era", "note": "1748-1751", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9983": {"id": "p08m57h9983", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1795"}, "label": "1795"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14435", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14435", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1736"}, "label": "1736"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qianlong"]}, "label": "Qianlong", "note": "1736-1795 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7472": {"id": "p08m57h7472", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0569"}, "label": "570 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105103", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105103", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0589", "earliestYear": "-0594"}, "label": "595/590 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Corinthian"]}, "label": "Middle Corinthian", "note": "The term only applies to pottery. 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It is subdivided into and earlier and later phase designated Late Christian Period I (AD 1100-1300) and Late Christian Period II (AD 1300-1400) respectively.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Christian Period", "Late Christian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nubia and Sudan", "label": "Late Christian Period", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqkgk": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2799"}, "label": "2800 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hqkgk", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13920", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13920", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-3199"}, "label": "approximately 3200 BC"}, "note": "The earliest of the three cultural groups into which the Early Cycladic (q.v.) period is divided, based on consistently recurring types of pottery, bronze and marble objects. The name refers to the type sites used by Colin Renfrew to define the culture, although the term applies to material from the Cyclades as a whole. There are not always clear boundaries between cultural groups, but an approximate date range is 3200BC – 2800BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Grotta-Pelos Culture"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyclades", "label": "Grotta-Pelos Culture", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hrj8r": {"id": "p08m57hrj8r", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13862", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13862", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1489"}, "label": "1489"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Entoku Era"]}, "label": "Entoku Era", "note": "1489-1492", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hbsw8": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0879"}, "label": "880 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hbsw8", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x102699", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x102699", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "c. 1000 BC"}, "note": "For Italy: Early Iron Age early c. 1000 BC to 880 BC.  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AD 1172-1213.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116172", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vuppadeva"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116172", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1213"}, "label": "AD 1213"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1172"}, "label": "c. 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"language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shu Han Kingdom"]}, "label": "Shu Han Kingdom", "note": "221-263", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6cxj": {"id": "p08m57h6cxj", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1201"}, "label": "1201"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106126", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106126", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1195"}, "label": "1195"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Qingyuan"]}, "label": "Qingyuan", "note": "1195-1201 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57htsjd": {"id": "p08m57htsjd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1303"}, "label": "1303"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14099", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14099", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1302"}, "label": "1302"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kengen Era"]}, "label": "Kengen Era", "note": "1302-1303", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hrghb": {"id": "p08m57hrghb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1469"}, "label": "1469"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14374", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14374", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1467"}, "label": "1467"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Onin Era"]}, "label": "Onin Era", "note": "1467-1469", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h5d8x": {"id": "p08m57h5d8x", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0527"}, "label": "527"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111430", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111430", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0516"}, "label": "516"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xiaoming"]}, "label": "Xiaoming", "note": "516-527 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h58bh": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "AD 850"}, "id": "p08m57h58bh", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117594", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117594", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "AD 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Dynasty of Mongol origin who came to be known as the Shaybanids or Shibanids. They moved into Transoxiana where the members of the clan acquired the name of Ozbeg (or Uzbeg) thus becoming the greater part of the inhabitant of the present day Uzbek Republic.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shaybanid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transoxiana; Uzbek Republic", "label": "Shaybanid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h5ftx": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500 BC"}, "id": "p08m57h5ftx", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x110079", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x110079", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11767", "label": "Mesopotamia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "c. 4500 BC"}, "note": "In the Middle East, the term chalcolithic is used to describe the broad period between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age (c. 5000-3000 BC). The Late Chalcolithic is a specific term used in north-western Mesopotamia to describe the period spanning the end of the Ubaid and the start of the Uruk (c.4500-3500 BC).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Chalcolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "north-western Mesopotamia", "label": "Late Chalcolithic", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hf5r3": {"id": "p08m57hf5r3", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13813", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13813", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Minoan III"]}, "label": "Early Minoan III", "note": "2300BC-2000BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6sxn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This period spans 4000BC to 800BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41735", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic/Bronze Age"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41735", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BC"}, "label": "Neolithic/Bronze Age", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from objects associated with this period term in the British Museum collection, all of which are from the UK.", "id": "p08m57h6sxn", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}]}, "p08m57h2kp5": {"id": "p08m57h2kp5", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1307"}, "label": "1307"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115585", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115585", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1294"}, "label": "1294"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chengzong"]}, "label": "Chengzong", "note": "1294-1307 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hswf3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Term derived from Soviet excavations at the type-site of Namazga-depe in south-west Turkmenistan, and dating to ca 4000-3500 BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x104765", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Namazga II"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x104765", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "ca 4000 BC"}, "label": "Namazga II", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Namazga-depe in south-west Turkmenistan", "id": "p08m57hswf3", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}]}, "p08m57hxwt7": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1667", "earliestYear": "1634"}, "label": "mid 17th century"}, "id": "p08m57hxwt7", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115408", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115408", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "1600", "earliestYear": "1501"}, "label": "16th century"}, "note": "The Sharifs in Morocco claimed descent from the Prophets grandson Hasan ibn 'Ali, and the Sa'did's claimed descent through Hasan's grandson Muhammad ibn 'Abdallah called the 'Pure Soul' (al-Nafs al-Zakiyya) who was killed at Medina in 767 (AH 145). 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The Eburran dates from c.13,000-8000 and is divided into 5 phases the earliest of which are pre-Neolithic and the last, phase 5, Neolithic including pottery and bones of domesticated animals. Formerly referred to as Aurignacian by Leakey at Gamble's Cave this term has also replaced Kenya Capsian.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111205", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eburran"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111205", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6050"}, "label": "8000 BP"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-11050"}, "label": "c. 13,000 BP"}, "label": "Eburran", "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Africa", "id": "p08m57hvzgb", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27407", "label": "East Africa"}]}, "p08m57hftcq": {"id": "p08m57hftcq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1489"}, "label": "1489"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13751", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13751", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1487"}, "label": "1487"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chokyo Era"]}, "label": "Chokyo Era", "note": "1487-1489", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hs2c8": {"id": "p08m57hs2c8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14168", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14168", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IIIA"]}, "label": "Late Minoan IIIA", "note": "1400BC-1300BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57h39mp"}, "p08m57hkjrs": {"id": "p08m57hkjrs", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1031"}, "label": "1031"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x107204", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x107204", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1023"}, "label": "1023"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tiansheng"]}, "label": "Tiansheng", "note": "1023-1031 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hn6dp": {"id": "p08m57hn6dp", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0749"}, "label": "749"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14603", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14603", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0729"}, "label": "729"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tenpyo Era"]}, "label": "Tenpyo Era", "note": "729-749", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmzqt": {"id": "p08m57hmzqt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1038"}, "label": "1038"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117328", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117328", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1034"}, "label": "1034"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jingyou"]}, "label": "Jingyou", "note": "1034-1038 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h59z4": {"id": "p08m57h59z4", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1861"}, "label": "1861"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14195", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14195", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Man'en Era"]}, "label": "Man'en Era", "note": "1860-1861", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzszt": {"id": "p08m57hzszt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1106"}, "label": "1106"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113374", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113374", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1102"}, "label": "1102"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chongning"]}, "label": "Chongning", "note": "1102-1106 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hj6vv": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "around AD 400"}, "id": "p08m57hj6vv", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13917", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13917", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0331"}, "label": "332 BC"}, "note": "This term is only used by the Department of Ancient Egypt and Sudan to include both Hellenistic Egypt from 332 BC to 30 BC and Roman Egypt from 30 BC to around AD 400 (later Roman material in Egypt down to AD 641 usually being placed under Roman Period or Coptic). It is an imprecise term for material from Ptolemaic or Roman Egypt which has not yet been ascribed more accurately to one or the other. See also the terms 'Greek' and 'Roman'.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Graeco-Roman"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hellenistic and Roman Egypt", "label": "Graeco-Roman", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmdw6": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The term is traditionally used for the former territories of the Eastern Roman Empire, ie. Greece, Cyprus, eastern Balkans, parts of the Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia, etc.), Asia Minor, Levant, Egypt and parts of Italy, for the 6thC and 7thC AD. For the 4th and 5thC AD, the term Late Roman is preferred. The term ‘Byzantine’ can be used as an alternative .  The term ‘Late Antique’ is not used for the material culture of the former territories of the western Roman empire, ie. Italy, Gaul, Hispania, Britannia and Western North Africa (Mauritania, Tripolitania), for the 6th and 7thC AD. Instead, the term Early Medieval is preferred. Neither is 'Lare Antique' used for the broadly contemporary Sasanian Empire to the East (for which 'Sasanian' is preferred) or 'Early Islamic' and its Narrow Terms.  For non-Roman material (post AD 410) from Britain, the terms 'Sub-Roman' or 'Early Medieval' are used in preference to 'Late Antique'.  N.B. The Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities does not use the term 'Late Antique', see instead the terms 'Roman' and 'Late Roman'.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41013", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Antique"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41013", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0700", "earliestYear": "0601"}, "label": "7th century AD"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0600", "earliestYear": "0501"}, "label": "6th century AD"}, "label": "Late Antique", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece, Cyprus, eastern Balkans, parts of the Caucasus, Asia Minor, Levant, Egypt and parts of Italy", "id": "p08m57hmdw6", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnsfd": {"id": "p08m57hnsfd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0954"}, "label": "954"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13921", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13921", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": 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"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jotoku Era"]}, "label": "Jotoku Era", "note": "1097-1099", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hdxbz": {"id": "p08m57hdxbz", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1059"}, "label": "1060 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103825", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103825", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic III"]}, "label": "Late Helladic III", "note": "1400BC-1060BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9rzc": {"id": "p08m57h9rzc", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1528"}, "label": "1528"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13776", "url": 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"start": {"in": {"year": "1118"}, "label": "1118"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gen'ei Era"]}, "label": "Gen'ei Era", "note": "1118-1120", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hndxp": {"id": "p08m57hndxp", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1085"}, "label": "1085"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111438", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111438", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1068"}, "label": "1068"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shenzong"]}, "label": "Shenzong", "note": "1068-1085 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h5rns": {"id": "p08m57h5rns", "stop": {"label": "1332", "in": {"year": "1332"}}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115596", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115596", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name. Two separate regnal periods seem to be combined under a single era/period.", "start": {"label": "1328", "in": {"year": "1328"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wenzong"]}, "label": "Wenzong", "note": "1328-1329 and 1329-1332 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hsmnr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Iranian dynasty owing its origins to Teispes, son of Achaemenes. Originally kings of a territory called Anshan, subject to Median control, Persian independence was attained around 550 BC by Cyrus II (“The Great”). Cyrus conquered Babylon in 539 BC. The empire grew to control a vast territory extending from India to Egypt. 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Christopher Donnan, 'Ceramics of Ancient Peru', Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, Los Angeles, 1992.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hw3wm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hw3wm", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41319", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41319", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11767", "label": "Mesopotamia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "approximately 2900 BC"}, "note": "A term used to describe the culture of southern Mesopotamia between approximately 2900-2700 BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Dynastic I"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern Mesopotamia", "label": "Early Dynastic I", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hk745": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1767"}, "label": "1767"}, "id": "p08m57hk745", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105378", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105378", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q869", "label": "Thailand"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "1300", "earliestYear": "1267"}, "label": "late 13th century"}, "note": "Art historical period associated with the dynasty ruling in central Thailand from late 13thC to 18thC.  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"label": "1572"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14184", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14184", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Longqing"]}, "label": "Longqing", "note": "1567-1572 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hp8v9": {"id": "p08m57hp8v9", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1684"}, "label": "1684"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14618", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14618", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1681"}, "label": "1681"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tenna Era"]}, "label": "Tenna Era", "note": "1681-1684", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hk683": {"id": "p08m57hk683", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1126"}, "label": "1126"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14355", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14355", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Northern Song dynasty"]}, "label": "Northern Song dynasty", "note": "960-1126", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h3m56": {"id": "p08m57h3m56", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1021"}, "label": "1021"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14073", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14073", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1017"}, "label": "1017"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kannin Era"]}, "label": "Kannin Era", "note": "1017-1021", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8r9h": {"id": "p08m57h8r9h", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1144"}, "label": "1144"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14118", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14118", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1142"}, "label": "1142"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Koji Era 1142-1144"]}, "label": "Koji Era 1142-1144", "note": "1142-1144", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvdrj": {"id": "p08m57hvdrj", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0672"}, "label": "672"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13928", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13928", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0650"}, "label": "650"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hakuchi Era"]}, "label": "Hakuchi Era", "note": "650-672", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hh947": {"start": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The term refers to the date range 1899 to 1955.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105385", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo-Egyptian Sudan"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105385", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1955"}, "label": "1955"}, "label": "Anglo-Egyptian Sudan", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "id": "p08m57hh947", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h5k43": {"id": "p08m57h5k43", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103822", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103822", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic II"]}, "label": "Late Helladic II", "note": "1500BC-1400BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9g2k": {"id": "p08m57h9g2k", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0519"}, "label": "519"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23259", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23259", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0517"}, "label": "517"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shengui"]}, "label": "Shengui", "note": "517-519 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwcz9": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This term is restricted to Iron Age numismatics, and applies to coins produced between 50 BC-10 BC. It refers to an area of Eastern Wiltshire in which a uniquely local style of Iron Age coinage flourished during the third quarter of the first century BC. These coins are all uninscribed and are closely related to contemporary \"Western\" coinage produced further to the north and west. The ethnic or tribal identities of its issuers are completely unknown.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114771", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British Iron Age East Wiltshire"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114771", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0009"}, "label": "10 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0049"}, "label": "50 BC"}, "label": "British Iron Age East Wiltshire", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Wiltshire", "id": "p08m57hwcz9", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hh5wp": {"id": "p08m57hh5wp", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1288"}, "label": "1288"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14110", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14110", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1278"}, "label": "1278"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Koan Era"]}, "label": "Koan Era", "note": "1278-1288", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hfmz7": {"id": "p08m57hfmz7", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1278"}, "label": "1278"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14100", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14100", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1275"}, "label": "1275"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kenji Era"]}, "label": "Kenji Era", "note": "1275-1278", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7kgg": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1277"}, "label": "1277 (AH 676)"}, "id": "p08m57h7kgg", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115351", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115351", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1245"}, "label": "1245 (AH 643)"}, "note": "The Karts or Kurts of eastern Khurasan and northern Afghanistan were an indiginous dynasty who claimed to be heirs of the Ghurids. The Mongols allowed Shams al-Din I Muhammad (1245-1277, AH 643-676) to rule as a vassal prince in Herat and the mountains of Ghur. They remained loyal allies of the Il-Khans of Persia.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Karts of Herat"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "eastern Khurasan and northern Afghanistan", "label": "Karts of Herat", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hrwz9": {"id": "p08m57hrwz9", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1207"}, "label": "1207"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14097", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14097", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1206"}, "label": "1206"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ken'ei Era"]}, "label": "Ken'ei Era", "note": "1206-1207", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hn8h4": {"id": "p08m57hn8h4", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1570"}, "label": "1570"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13835", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13835", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1558"}, "label": "1558"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eiroku Era"]}, "label": "Eiroku Era", "note": "1558-1570", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpcqv": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This term is restricted to Iron Age numismatics, and applies to coins produced between 150 BC-AD 50. It refers to an area roughly equivalent to the modern county of Kent and parts of East Sussex and Greater London, in which similar styled coins are found. The various issuing authorities of this area seem to have relied on the same sources of technology and craftsmanship. Probable rulers in this area include Dubnovellaunos, Sam, Vosenos, Eppillus, Solidu and Amminius. The ethnic or tribal identities of these rulers and the anonymous issuers of earlier coins remain uncertain, although many modern books label them as \"Cantii\" or \"Cantiaci\". In fact, this area may well have been fragmented before the Roman period. The term \"South Eastern\" is used in Hobbs' catalogue of the BM collection (1996) but is often considered confusing.  R Hobbs, British Iron Age Coins in the British Museum, London (BMP) 1996.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114769", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["British Iron Age Kent"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114769", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "AD 50"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0149"}, "label": "150 BC"}, "label": "British Iron Age Kent", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kent county and parts of East Sussex and Greater London", "id": "p08m57hpcqv", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8tnz": {"id": "p08m57h8tnz", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1201"}, "label": "1201"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14531", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14531", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1199"}, "label": "1199"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shoji Era"]}, "label": "Shoji Era", "note": "1199-1201", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hx822": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1000", "earliestYear": "0901"}, "label": "10th century"}, "id": "p08m57hx822", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114701", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114701", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0900", "earliestYear": "0801"}, "label": "9th century"}, "note": "Warrior ruling class. The Rajputs became important politically in the 9th-10th centuries, and for centuries they prevented complete Muslim domination of Hindu India. They eventually accepted Mughal overlordship.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rajput"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hindu India", "label": "Rajput", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hd9s6": {"id": "p08m57hd9s6", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0925"}, "label": "925"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116822", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116822", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0925"}, "label": "925"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xiankang"]}, "label": "Xiankang", "note": "925", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hc5zd": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "id": "p08m57hc5zd", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114151", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114151", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1802"}, "label": "1802"}, "note": "Vietnamese dynasty, 1802-1945.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nguyen dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "label": "Nguyen dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hfwdj": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0700", "earliestYear": "0601"}, "label": "7th century"}, "id": "p08m57hfwdj", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x95546", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x95546", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0400", "earliestYear": "0301"}, "label": "4th century"}, "note": "Nomadic tribes from north-eastern Asia who invaded and settled in Afghanistan and northern India (4th-7th centuries). The principal tribes appear to be the Kidarites, Alchon, Nezak and Hephthalites", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hun"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Afghanistan and northern India", "label": "Hun", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmt53": {"id": "p08m57hmt53", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3799"}, "label": "3800 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x25422", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x25422", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4299"}, "label": "4300 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Togau"]}, "label": "Togau", "note": "4300BC-3800BC.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hv579": {"id": "p08m57hv579", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0708"}, "label": "708"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14094", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14094", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0704"}, "label": "704"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Keiun Era"]}, "label": "Keiun Era", "note": "704-708", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8c8c": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This term is restricted to Iron Age numismatics, and applies to coins produced between 60 BC-AD 50. It refers to an area roughly equivalent to modern Lincolnshire and parts of Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire and Rutland, in which similar styled coinages are found. The various issuing authorities of this area seem to have relied on the same sources of technology and craftsmanship. The earliest coins were issued anonymously; later examples carry inscriptions that are assumed to be the names of local rulers. These include VEP CORF, AVN COST, IISVPRASV, TATISOM and VOLISIOS. The ethnic or tribal identities of these issuers are unclear, but some may have belonged to the Corieltavi (formerly \"Corieltauvi\" or \"Coritani\"), who inhabited a similar area in the early Roman period. Other groups, however, may have existed in this area before AD 43.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114764", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["North Eastern British Iron Age"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114764", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "AD 50"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0059"}, "label": "60 BC"}, "label": "North Eastern British Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lincolnshire and parts of Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire and Rutland", "id": "p08m57h8c8c", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hj8t4": {"stop": {"label": "first half of the first millennium BC", "in": {"year": "-0500"}}, "id": "p08m57hj8t4", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14467", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14467", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q805", "label": "Yemen"}], "start": {"label": "first half of the first millennium BC", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "note": "Refers to the kingdom of Saba? (capital at Marib) based in the Wadi Adhana region that controlled large parts of ancient Yemen during the first half of the first millennium BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sabaean"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Saba? kingdom, ancient Yemen", "label": "Sabaean", "editorialNote": "Since the period covers the first half of the first millennium BC, the start is taken as 1000 BC and the end as 501 BC.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6mcm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1090"}, "label": "c. 1090 (AH 413)"}, "id": "p08m57h6mcm", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52034", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52034", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0931"}, "label": "931 (AH 319)"}, "note": "931-c.1090 (AH 319-AH 413). Local dynasty in the remote highland region of Daylam at the south-west corner of the Caspian Sea. The Ziyarids descended from Mardawij ibn Ziyar of the royal clan of Gilan. His power extended as far south as Isfahan and Hamadan but he was murdered in 935 (AH 323) by his own Turkish slave troops. The Ziyarids lost their power but Mardawij's brother, Wushmgir, retained a foot hold in the eastern Caspian provinces by acknowledging as his overlords the Samanids. In the 11th century the Ziyarids has to recognise the overlordship of the Ghnazvids and survived as vassals of the Seljuqs in the highland region.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ziyarid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Daylam", "label": "Ziyarid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hn75v": {"id": "p08m57hn75v", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1094"}, "label": "1094"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14070", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14070", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1087"}, "label": "1087"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kanji Era"]}, "label": "Kanji Era", "note": "1087-1094", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvsnh": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}, "id": "p08m57hvsnh", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109718", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109718", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0149"}, "label": "150 BC"}, "note": "The term refers to a region and a cultural tradition of Colombia in the Caribbean lowlands from 150 BC to 1600 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zenu"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "Zenu", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hs35q": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0224"}, "label": "AD 224"}, "id": "p08m57hs35q", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14390", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14390", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0100", "earliestYear": "-0199"}, "label": "second century BC"}, "note": "At the height of its power, the Parthian state extended far beyond the modern political borders of Iran. It was ruled by the Arsacid dynasty and its first great ruler Mithradates I defeated his Seleucid overlords in a series of campaigns in the second century BC. Their earliest capital was at Mithradatkirt (modern Nysa) in Turkmenistan but they later established their capital at Ctesiphon in what is now southern Iraq and opposite the previous Seleucid capital of Seleucia on the Tigris. Parthia fought a number of wars with the Romans and at one period held much of Syria. 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It is not used with reference to Scandinavian imitations of Anglo-Saxon coins, or to coins of Cnut and his sons in the 11thC, since that period of Danish rule did not fundamentally affect the basic 'Anglo-Saxon' character of either culture or coinage.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo-Viking"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Anglo-Viking", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9fsj": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1799"}, "label": "1800 BC"}, "id": "p08m57h9fsj", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14000", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14000", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11767", "label": "Mesopotamia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "note": "The term is used to describe the period approximately 2000 BC-1800 BC when southern Mesopotamia was dominated by the cities Isin and Larsa.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Isin-Larsa"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern Mesopotamia", "label": "Isin-Larsa", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hrqkq": {"id": "p08m57hrqkq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1521"}, "label": "1521"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14716", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14716", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1506"}, "label": "1506"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhengde"]}, "label": "Zhengde", "note": "1506-1521.  Emperor Wuzong.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9k7t": {"id": "p08m57h9k7t", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1331"}, "label": "1331"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13907", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13907", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1329"}, "label": "1329"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gentoku Era"]}, "label": "Gentoku Era", "note": "1329-1331", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqjp4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The term refers to a period of Mon culture (1st millennium AD) in central Thailand and in southern Burma.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23040", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dvaravati"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23040", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1000", "earliestYear": "0001"}, "label": "1st millennium AD"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "1000", "earliestYear": "0001"}, "label": "1st millennium AD"}, "label": "Dvaravati", "spatialCoverageDescription": "central Thailand and in southern Burma", "id": "p08m57hqjp4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h886z": {"id": "p08m57h886z", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0220"}, "label": "221 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14681", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14681", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0480"}, "label": "481 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Warring States period", "Warring States"]}, "label": "Warring States period", "note": "481BC-221BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hg92d": {"id": "p08m57hg92d", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14530", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14530", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1644"}, "label": "1644"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shoho Era"]}, "label": "Shoho Era", "note": "1644-1648", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hk78b": {"id": "p08m57hk78b", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "550"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13821", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13821", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0534"}, "label": "534"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eastern Wei dynasty"]}, "label": "Eastern Wei dynasty", "note": "534-550", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkk97": {"id": "p08m57hkk97", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1260"}, "label": "1260"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106130", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106130", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1259"}, "label": "1259"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kaiqing"]}, "label": "Kaiqing", "note": "1259-1260 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h3bpj": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1805"}, "label": "1805"}, "id": "p08m57h3bpj", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23192", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23192", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1526"}, "label": "1526"}, "note": "1526-1805; India.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mughal dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "label": "Mughal dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hgrmh": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1049"}, "label": "1050 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hgrmh", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14149", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14149", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1649"}, "label": "1650 BC"}, "note": "1650 BC-1050 BC.  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"Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taisho Era"]}, "label": "Taisho Era", "note": "1912-1926", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8rtx": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1500", "earliestYear": "1401"}, "label": "15th century"}, "id": "p08m57h8rtx", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111558", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111558", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "c. 200 BC"}, "note": "Kingdom in Kerala, South India, mentioned in rock edicts of Asoka Maurya (c.273 BC-232 BC), and issuing lead and copper coins c.200 BC-200. 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{"year": "1908"}, "label": "1908"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13922", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13922", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1875"}, "label": "1875"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Guangxu"]}, "label": "Guangxu", "note": "1875-1908 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6hct": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Period at Haftavan Tepe, Iran, c.1900BC-1550BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105852", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Haftavan Period VIB", "Early Haftavan VIB"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105852", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "1550 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1899"}, "label": "c.1900 BC"}, "label": "Early Haftavan Period VIB", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Haftavan Tepe, Iran", "id": "p08m57h6hct", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}]}, "p08m57hw7q6": {"id": "p08m57hw7q6", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0351"}, "label": "351"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114370", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114370", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0319"}, "label": "319"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Zhao"]}, "label": "Later Zhao", "note": "319-351", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hht6p": {"id": "p08m57hht6p", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1145"}, "label": "1145"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14611", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14611", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1144"}, "label": "1144"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ten'yo Era"]}, "label": "Ten'yo Era", "note": "1144-1145", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hd742": {"id": "p08m57hd742", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1532"}, "label": "1532"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14133", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14133", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1528"}, "label": "1528"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kyoroku Era"]}, "label": "Kyoroku Era", "note": "1528-1532", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h625p": {"id": "p08m57h625p", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1319"}, "label": "1319"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13714", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13714", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1317"}, "label": "1317"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bunpo Era"]}, "label": "Bunpo Era", "note": "1317-1319", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6fvg": {"id": "p08m57h6fvg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "750 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x107553", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x107553", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "900 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cypro-Geometric III"]}, "label": "Cypro-Geometric III", "note": "900 BC-750 BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hq6sd"}, "p08m57hfkbm": {"id": "p08m57hfkbm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1190"}, "label": "1190"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111427", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111427", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1163"}, "label": "1163"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xiaozong"]}, "label": "Xiaozong", "note": "1163-1190 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hfmwm": {"id": "p08m57hfmwm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1311"}, "label": "1311"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115587", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115587", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1308"}, "label": "1308"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wuzong Yuan dynasty"]}, "label": "Wuzong Yuan dynasty", "note": "1308-1311 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hn86f": {"id": "p08m57hn86f", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0072"}, "label": "73 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14715", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14715", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0085"}, "label": "86 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhaodi"]}, "label": "Zhaodi", "note": "86-73BC (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6phb": {"id": "p08m57h6phb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0898"}, "label": "898"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14063", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14063", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0889"}, "label": "889"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kanpyo Era"]}, "label": "Kanpyo Era", "note": "889-898", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkc46": {"id": "p08m57hkc46", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115501", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115501", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3199"}, "label": "3200 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic I"]}, "label": "Early Helladic I", "note": "3200BC-2900BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57h93nr"}, "p08m57hxmk3": {"id": "p08m57hxmk3", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1847"}, "label": "1847"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114215", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114215", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1841"}, "label": "1841"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Thieu Tri"]}, "label": "Thieu Tri", "note": "(1841-1847) reign.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9xs6": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1811"}, "label": "1811 AD"}, "id": "p08m57h9xs6", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117553", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117553", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1550"}, "label": "1550 AD"}, "note": "The term Bosnian as a narrower term of Ottoman dynasty refers to a specific cultural period on the fortress of  Qasr Ibrim between 1550-1811 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bosnian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "fortress of Qasr Ibrim", "label": "Bosnian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hz828": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "661-750 (AH 41-AH132). First Islamic dynasty of caliphs, founded by Muawiya after the murder of  'Ali. The capital of the Umayyads was Damascus and from here the caliphs ruled over vast heterogenious territories. They adopted adminstrative practices of the Greeks and the Persians, the former rulers of the conquered lands. They introduced Sasanian techniques and manners which were strengthened under the 'Abbasids. During the reign of Walid I (705-715/AH 86-AH 96) they expanded militarily. All of North Africa west of Egypt was occupied and Muslim raiders crossed the Straits of Gibraltar into Spain. Beyond the Caucasus contact was made with the Turkish Khazars. In eastern Iran Khwarazm was invaded and Transonania gradually conquered. There was opposition from native Iranian rulers and their Turkish allies. Within the heartlands the caliphs faced constant opposition of Arab tribesman of Iraq. The Umayyads saw themselves not just as successors of the Prophet but as god's own deputies hense their title Khalifat Allah meaning 'god's caliph'. After 746 (AH 128) a revoltutionary movement began in Khurasan under 'Abu Muslim and the anti Umayyad forces gained military victory. This resulted in the succession of the 'Abbasids to the caliphate in 750 (AH 132).", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23299", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Umayyad dynasty"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23299", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "750 (AH 132)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0661"}, "label": "661 (AH 41)"}, "label": "Umayyad dynasty", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Damascus, Syria; All of North Africa west of Egypt; Spain", "id": "p08m57hz828", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h894n": {"id": "p08m57h894n", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1704"}, "label": "1704"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13905", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13905", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1688"}, "label": "1688"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Genroku Era"]}, "label": "Genroku Era", "note": "1688-1704", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqcc5": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The Roman Imperial period dates from the end of the Roman Republic in 31 BC and the term is commonly used up to the fall of Rome in AD 410. For coins, the term is used for issues of the mints of the Roman Empire (as opposed to Roman Provincial, used for issues of Greek colonies during the Roman Empire).", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14451", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Imperial"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14451", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "AD 410"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "31 BC"}, "label": "Roman Imperial", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "id": "p08m57hqcc5", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h27wb": {"id": "p08m57h27wb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1340"}, "label": "1340"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115599", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115599", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1335"}, "label": "1335"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhiyuan Shundi"]}, "label": "Zhiyuan Shundi", "note": "1335-1340 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57htg37": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The earliest of the late Pleistocene Epi-Palaeolithic cultures of the Levant which are transitional between the Upper Palaeolithic and Neolithic dating from c.20,500BC to 17,500BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112514", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kebaran"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112514", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-17499"}, "label": "17,500 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-20499"}, "label": "c. 20,500 BC"}, "label": "Kebaran", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "id": "p08m57htg37", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}]}, "p08m57hkf96": {"id": "p08m57hkf96", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14259", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14259", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1849"}, "label": "1850 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan II"]}, "label": "Middle Minoan II", "note": "1850BC-1700BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h4g7x": {"id": "p08m57h4g7x", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14255", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan"]}, "label": "Middle Minoan", "note": "2000BC-1600BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hx8qn": {"id": "p08m57hx8qn", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1054"}, "label": "1054"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113010", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113010", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1032"}, "label": "1032"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhongxi"]}, "label": "Zhongxi", "note": "1032-1054 (era)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hdw58": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This term is restricted to Iron Age numismatics, and applies to coins produced between 50 BC-AD 50. It refers to an area roughly equivalent to modern Gloucestershire, Avon and western Oxfordshire, parts and parts of Herefordshire, Worcestershire, Warwickshire, Berkshire, Wiltshire and Somerset. The various issuing authorities of this area seem to have relied on the same sources of technology and craftsmanship. The earliest coins were issued anonymously; later examples carry inscriptions that are assumed to be the names of local rulers. These include BODVOC, CORIO, COMVX, CATTI, ANTED and EISV. The ethnic or tribal identities of these issuers are unclear, but some may have belonged to the Dobunni who inhabited a similar area in the early Roman period. Other groups, however, may have existed in this area before AD 43.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114767", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Western British Iron Age"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114767", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "AD 50"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0049"}, "label": "50 BC"}, "label": "Western British Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Gloucestershire, Avon and western Oxfordshire, parts and parts of Herefordshire, Worcestershire, Warwickshire, Berkshire, Wiltshire and Somerset", "id": "p08m57hdw58", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2njg": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0539", "earliestYear": "0530"}, "label": "AD 530s"}, "id": "p08m57h2njg", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116468", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116468", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0500", "earliestYear": "0401"}, "label": "5th century AD"}, "note": "In this thesaurus the term refers to Germanic people of the migration period, who established a post-Roman successor kingdom in Gaul during the 5thC to 6thC before absorption by the Merovingians (q.v.) in the AD 530s.  NB. The term 'Burgundian’ is also used to refer to the Late Medieval dukes of Burgundy, who ruled a vast area of Europe. In such cases, the term 'Late Medieval' is entered as a Material Culture and 'Burgundy' (or its Narrow terms) are entered in Findspot or Production Place or . In such cases, for coin records, the State field should also be used to record 'Kingdom of Burgundy'.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Burgundian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Gaul", "label": "Burgundian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmjr2": {"id": "p08m57hmjr2", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1297"}, "label": "1297"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115543", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115543", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1295"}, "label": "1295"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yuanzhen"]}, "label": "Yuanzhen", "note": "1295-1297 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hd85k": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "AD 500"}, "id": "p08m57hd85k", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23042", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23042", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "about 500 BC"}, "note": "The term is used to broadly define the period in India between about 500 BC - AD 500 and follows the Iron Age. It includes the periods of the Mauryan empire and the Guptas.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Historic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "India", "label": "Early Historic", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hm466": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Khuzestan, ca 3100BC-2700BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x95511", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Susa III"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x95511", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "ca 3100 BC"}, "label": "Susa III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Khuzestan", "id": "p08m57hm466", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}]}, "p08m57hq6sd": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "750 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hq6sd", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x107545", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x107545", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1049"}, "label": "1050 BC"}, "note": "1050 BC-750 BC.  The Cypro-Geometric period, some three hundred years in duration, is the first division of the Cypriot Iron Age. Settlements founded during the transitional LCIII period become the urban centres of the city-kingdoms into which the island is divided in historic times. Economic and cultural contacts with the Levantine world with are re-established (or become archaeologically visible) after a short period of isolation; contacts with the Aegean become apparent again somewhat later in this horizon. Important ceramic types include White Painted and Bichrome wares, which are decorated with geometric motifs and often occur in inventive shapes; slightly later, the distinctive Black-on-Red wares are developed on Cyprus, partly as a result of contact with the Levantine world; fine metalworking in bronze abounds, particularly in burials. Inscriptions point to the existence of Greek and Phoenician speakers on the island living alongside the local Cypriot population.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cypro-Geometric"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "label": "Cypro-Geometric", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hgjcv": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}, "id": "p08m57hgjcv", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72485", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72485", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 BC"}, "note": "The term refers to a region of Colombia in the Middle Cauca valley and the Central Range in the Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda and Quindio departments from 500 BC to 1600 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Quimbaya"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "Quimbaya", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h85hv": {"id": "p08m57h85hv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1093"}, "label": "1093"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106116", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106116", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1086"}, "label": "1086"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yuanyou"]}, "label": "Yuanyou", "note": "1086-1093 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvnkv": {"id": "p08m57hvnkv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115552", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115552", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1119"}, "label": "1119"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xuanhe"]}, "label": "Xuanhe", "note": "1119-1125 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hk8zh": {"id": "p08m57hk8zh", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1161"}, "label": "1161"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114005", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114005", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1149"}, "label": "1149"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hailingwang"]}, "label": "Hailingwang", "note": "1149-1161 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h5f42": {"id": "p08m57h5f42", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0729"}, "label": "729"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14031", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14031", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0724"}, "label": "724"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jinki Era"]}, "label": "Jinki Era", "note": "724-729", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hdh7z": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "1206-1370 (AH 602-AH 771). Rulers of Mongolia who conquered China, the 'Abbasid empire, the south Russian steppes and central Europe. The Mongol expansion took place under Genghis Khan in 1209 (AH 606). He took Beijing in 1215 (AH 612) thus controlling numerous commercial routes across central Asia to China. In 1220 (AH 616) Genghis Khan captured Bukhara and soon the whole of Transoxiana was part of the Mongol empire. In 1258 (AH 656) the Mongols sacked Baghdad under Hulegu grandson of Ghengis Khan and founder of the Il-Khanid dynasty (q.v.).", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23190", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mongol"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23190", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1370"}, "label": "1370 (AH 771)"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1206"}, "label": "1206 (AH 602)"}, "label": "Mongol", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mongolia; China; 'Abbasid empire; south Russian steppes; central Europe", "id": "p08m57hdh7z", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q711", "label": "Mongolia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27468", "label": "Eastern Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q813", "label": "Kyrgyzstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p08m57h62vm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "id": "p08m57h62vm", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106066", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x106066", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "c. 2500 BC"}, "note": "Period based on the excavated sequence at this site in north-east Iran and corresponding to an approximate date of c. 2500-1700 BC, or the Middle Bronze Age in this region.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hissar III"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "north-east Iran", "label": "Hissar III", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9gft": {"id": "p08m57h9gft", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1031"}, "label": "1031"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113023", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113023", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0982"}, "label": "982"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shengzong"]}, "label": "Shengzong", "note": "982-1031 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzrp7": {"id": "p08m57hzrp7", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1017"}, "label": "1017"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13761", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13761", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1012"}, "label": "1012"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chowa Era"]}, "label": "Chowa Era", "note": "1012-1017", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwkmv": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1899", "earliestYear": "-1999"}, "label": "2000/1900 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hwkmv", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105787", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105787", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-2299", "earliestYear": "-2399"}, "label": "ca. 2400/2300 BC"}, "note": "ca. 2400/2300 BC-2000/1900 BC.  The first division of the Cypriot Bronze Age, characterised by the use of Red Polished pottery, simple bronze tools and burials in chamber tombs usually placed outside the settlement areas. The beginning of the period overlaps with the Late Chalcolithic in some part of Cyprus, especially the west of the island, and with the Philia culture which has links with contemporary Anatolia (not represented in the BM collection).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cypriot"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "label": "Early Cypriot", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hrgdf": {"id": "p08m57hrgdf", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14578", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14578", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1059"}, "label": "1060 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sub-Mycenaean"]}, "label": "Sub-Mycenaean", "note": "1060BC-1000BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkgwg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "\"La Tène I: The term is used in reference to material culture from Europe dating from 450 BC-320 BC. It corresponds, broadly speaking, to the alternative classifications La Tène A (450 BC-400 BC) and part of La Tène B (400 BC-275 BC).\"", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115191", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène A"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115191", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 BC"}, "label": "La Tène A", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name. La Tène A seems to have disappeared from the BM vocabulary, replaced by La Tène I, and this value is no longer present on the website. See source scope note.", "id": "p08m57hkgwg", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe"}, "p08m57hcq4f": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1592"}, "label": "1592"}, "id": "p08m57hcq4f", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114082", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114082", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1527"}, "label": "1527"}, "note": "Vietnamese dynasty, 1527-1592", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mac dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "label": "Mac dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9jbg": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "AD 1100"}, "id": "p08m57h9jbg", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13765", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13765", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "AD 850"}, "note": "The term covers the period in Nubia and Sudan from AD 850-1100. It is subdivided into an earlier and a later phase designated Classic Christian Period I (AD 850-1000) and Classic Christian Period II (AD 1000-1100) respectively.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classic Christian Period", "Classic Christian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nubia; Sudan", "label": "Classic Christian Period", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2jxx": {"id": "p08m57h2jxx", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1260"}, "label": "1260"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14528", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14528", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1259"}, "label": "1259"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shogen Era"]}, "label": "Shogen Era", "note": "1259-1260", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57ht7j8": {"id": "p08m57ht7j8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1063"}, "label": "1063"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113408", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113408", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1022"}, "label": "1022"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Renzong"]}, "label": "Renzong", "note": "1022-1063 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hz6wt": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1200", "earliestYear": "1101"}, "label": "12th century"}, "id": "p08m57hz6wt", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41567", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41567", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0800", "earliestYear": "0701"}, "label": "8th century"}, "note": "South Indian dynasty, originally based in the Kaveri delta and with a capital at Thanjavur/Tanjore.  Came to prominence in the 8th century and flourished through into the 12th.  Held all of the Tamil country as well as other parts of southern India.  Under Rajaraja invaded Sri Lanka and Srivijaya, while under Rajendra (son of Rajaraja), invaded northern India as far as the Ganges.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chola"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern India", "label": "Chola", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hh3tk": {"id": "p08m57hh3tk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1238"}, "label": "1238"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14087", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14087", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1235"}, "label": "1235"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Katei Era"]}, "label": "Katei Era", "note": "1235-1238", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h633c": {"id": "p08m57h633c", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1849"}, "label": "1850 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115504", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115504", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Helladic I"]}, "label": "Middle Helladic I", "note": "2000BC-1850BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hfj2z": {"start": {"in": {"year": "-4999"}, "label": "circa 5000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Neolithic culture circa 5000 BC-3000 BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14700", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yangshao culture"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14700", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000 BC"}, "label": "Yangshao culture", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "id": "p08m57hfj2z", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8zmq": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The term refers to the period from about AD 400 to about AD 1500. See also the Narrow Terms 'Early Medieval' and 'Late Medieval'.  See also the terms ‘Late Roman’ or ‘Byzantine’.  N.B. For all European coins, the term 'Medieval' (rather than the Narrow Terms 'Early Medieval' and 'Late Medieval') is used as a general term for the period c. 400 to c. 1500. Other term can also be entered, such as 'Burgundian'.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14221", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14221", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "about AD 1500"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "about AD 400"}, "label": "Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "id": "p08m57h8zmq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzt7v": {"id": "p08m57hzt7v", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1744"}, "label": "1744"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14062", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14062", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1741"}, "label": "1741"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kanpo Era"]}, "label": "Kanpo Era", "note": "1741-1744", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwm4z": {"id": "p08m57hwm4z", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111362", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111362", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1101"}, "label": "1101"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Huizong"]}, "label": "Huizong", "note": "1101-1125 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvc3n": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "circa AD 410"}, "id": "p08m57hvc3n", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41218", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41218", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0043"}, "label": "AD 43"}, "note": "The term is used for material culture which can be assigned to Britain during the period of Roman administration, AD 43 to circa AD 410.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Romano-British"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Britain", "label": "Romano-British", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hx9d8": {"id": "p08m57hx9d8", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0749"}, "label": "749"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14606", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14606", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0749"}, "label": "749"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tenpyo-kampo Era"]}, "label": "Tenpyo-kampo Era", "note": "749", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2zpz": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Period covering 300-900 AD in Mesoamerica.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72692", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classic"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72692", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900 AD"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300 AD"}, "label": "Classic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesoamerica ", "id": "p08m57h2zpz", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7d5h": {"id": "p08m57h7d5h", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1860"}, "label": "1860"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13602", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13602", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1854"}, "label": "1854"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ansei Era"]}, "label": "Ansei Era", "note": "1854-1860", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hx5wc": {"id": "p08m57hx5wc", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1328"}, "label": "1328"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115595", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115595", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1323"}, "label": "1323"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taiding"]}, "label": "Taiding", "note": "1323-1328 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h4j66": {"id": "p08m57h4j66", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1884"}, "label": "1884"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114217", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114217", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1884"}, "label": "1884"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kien Phuc"]}, "label": "Kien Phuc", "note": "(1884) reign.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpp8c": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0545"}, "label": "546 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hpp8c", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14410", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14410", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "c 900 BC"}, "note": "An Iron Age culture of west central Turkey named after the kingdom of Phrygia (c900-700 BC) with a capital at Gordion. Invasions by Cimmerians, nomads from the Ukraine and Russia, around 700BC culminated in the capture of Gordion in 696 BC, but Phrygian art and culture continued to flourish. Lydians then took over the territory in the 620s BC until the capture of Sardis by king Cyrus II in 546 BC when Lydia became part of the Achaemenid empire.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phrygian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "west central Turkey", "label": "Phrygian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9ktv": {"id": "p08m57h9ktv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0985"}, "label": "985"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13830", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13830", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0983"}, "label": "983"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eikan Era"]}, "label": "Eikan Era", "note": "983-985", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2xz4": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "id": "p08m57h2xz4", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14370", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14370", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11767", "label": "Mesopotamia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "approximately 2000 BC"}, "note": "The term is used to describe the culture of southern Mesopotamia between approximately 2000 BC-1600 BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Old Babylonian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern Mesopotamia", "label": "Old Babylonian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h83rf": {"id": "p08m57h83rf", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1849"}, "label": "1850 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14258", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14258", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1949"}, "label": "1950 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan IB"]}, "label": "Middle Minoan IB", "note": "1950BC-1850BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hhfzc"}, "p08m57hjzt9": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hjzt9", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14242", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14242", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11767", "label": "Mesopotamia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "approximately 1600 BC"}, "note": "The term is used to describe the culture of southern Mesopotamia between approximately 1600 BC-1000 BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Babylonian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern Mesopotamia", "label": "Middle Babylonian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2hts": {"id": "p08m57h2hts", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1166"}, "label": "1166"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13833", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13833", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1165"}, "label": "1165"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eiman Era"]}, "label": "Eiman Era", "note": "1165-1166", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxhb7": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "850 AD"}, "id": "p08m57hxhb7", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115757", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115757", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "circa 750 AD"}, "note": "Dynasty known as Turki Shahi, ruling from Kabul and established as far as Punjab and Kashmir, circa 750 - 850 AD. Became known as Hindu Shahi after they moved capital to Ohind on Indus river in the North-West Froniter (Pakistan) following the capture of Kabul by Arab general Ya'qub b. Layth in 871 AD. On coins they used the titles Spalapati Deva, Samanta Deva and Vakka Deva. 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AD 855"}, "note": "Dynasty ruling in Kashmir c. AD 855-939.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Duptala"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Kashmir ", "label": "Duptala", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hgppk": {"id": "p08m57hgppk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1206"}, "label": "1206"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13902", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13902", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Genkyu Era"]}, "label": "Genkyu Era", "note": "1204-1206", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqp6z": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0900", "earliestYear": "0801"}, "label": "ninth century AD"}, "id": "p08m57hqp6z", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41213", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41213", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0400", "earliestYear": "0301"}, "label": "fourth century AD"}, "note": "The term refers to the culture of the Picts, a people in north-eastern Scotland mentioned in written sources from the fourth to ninth centuries AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pictish"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "north-eastern Scotland", "label": "Pictish", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2phf": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Term derived from Soviet excavations at the type-site of Namazga-depe in south-west Turkmenistan, and dating to ca 3000-2500 BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x104766", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Namazga IV"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x104766", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "ca 3000 BC"}, "label": "Namazga IV", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Namazga-depe in south-west Turkmenistan", "id": "p08m57h2phf", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}]}, "p08m57h78dj": {"id": "p08m57h78dj", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1333"}, "label": "1333"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14060", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14060", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kamakura Period", "Kamakura"]}, "label": "Kamakura Period", "note": "1185-1333", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwfkj": {"id": "p08m57hwfkj", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1011"}, "label": "1011"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113008", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113008", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0983"}, "label": "983"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tonghe"]}, "label": "Tonghe", "note": "983-1011 (era)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hbmrr": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The term is used for the period from about 1050 to about 1500.  N.B. For pottery of this period, the term 'Medieval' rather than 'Late Medieval' is used.  For all European coins, the term 'Medieval' (rather than the Narrow terms 'Early Medieval' and 'Late Medieval') is used to cover the period c. 400 - c. 1500.  For all European coins, the term 'Medieval' (rather than the Narrow Terms 'Early Medieval' and 'Late Medieval') is used as a general term for the period c. 400 to c. 1500. Other term can also be entered, such as 'Burgundian'.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41036", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Medieval"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41036", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "about 1050"}, "label": "Late Medieval", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "id": "p08m57hbmrr", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p08m57htrxd": {"id": "p08m57htrxd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115505", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115505", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1849"}, "label": "1850 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Helladic II"]}, "label": "Middle Helladic II", "note": "1850BC-1700BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hbscs": {"id": "p08m57hbscs", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "1500 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14163", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14163", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IA"]}, "label": "Late Minoan IA", "note": "1600BC-1500BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hk6kq"}, "p08m57h2tnn": {"id": "p08m57h2tnn", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1208"}, "label": "1208"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111431", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111431", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1201"}, "label": "1201"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taihe Jin dynasty"]}, "label": "Taihe Jin dynasty", "note": "1201-1208 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hn7qm": {"id": "p08m57hn7qm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1820"}, "label": "1820"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14025", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14025", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jiaqing"]}, "label": "Jiaqing", "note": "1796-1820 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h5hmp": {"id": "p08m57h5hmp", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1644"}, "label": "1644"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14064", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14064", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1624"}, "label": "1624"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kan'ei Era"]}, "label": "Kan'ei Era", "note": "1624-1644", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hf9ph": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1269"}, "label": "AD 1269"}, "id": "p08m57hf9ph", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117835", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117835", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1410", "label": "Gibraltar"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1130"}, "label": "AD 1130 "}, "note": "The Almohad dynasty ruled in North Africa and Spain from AD 1130-1269.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Almohad dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa and Spain", "label": "Almohad dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjwfh": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1138"}, "label": "1138 (AH 532)"}, "id": "p08m57hjwfh", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52030", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52030", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q805", "label": "Yemen"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1047"}, "label": "1047 (AH 439)"}, "note": "1047-1138 (AH 439-AH 532). Ima'ili dynasty in the Yemen and vassals of the Fatimids of Egypt who defeated the Abasyian slave dynasty of the Najahids of Tihama and by 1063 (AH 455 had captured San'a from the Zaydi Imams.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sulayhid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Yemen", "label": "Sulayhid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h68nd": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600 AD"}, "id": "p08m57h68nd", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109573", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109573", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 BC"}, "note": "The term refers to a cultural period and style of the Quimbaya region of Colombia in the Middle Cauca valley and the Central Range in the Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda and Quindio departments from 500 BC to 600 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Quimbaya"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "Early Quimbaya", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hgjcv"}, "p08m57h88x7": {"id": "p08m57h88x7", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1125"}, "label": "1125"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113026", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113026", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1101"}, "label": "1101"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tianzuo"]}, "label": "Tianzuo", "note": "1101-1125 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hztsm": {"id": "p08m57hztsm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1069"}, "label": "1069"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14032", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14032", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1065"}, "label": "1065"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jiryaku Era"]}, "label": "Jiryaku Era", "note": "1065-1069", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzf72": {"id": "p08m57hzf72", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1736"}, "label": "1736"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14132", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14132", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1716"}, "label": "1716"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kyoho Era"]}, "label": "Kyoho Era", "note": "1716-1736", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hj8ft": {"id": "p08m57hj8ft", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1381"}, "label": "1381"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14617", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14617", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1375"}, "label": "1375"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tenju Era"]}, "label": "Tenju Era", "note": "1375-1381", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h97b5": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1059"}, "label": "1060 BC"}, "id": "p08m57h97b5", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14284", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14284", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "note": "The term ‘Mycenaean' was originally used to describe Greek Bronze Age material of the period 1600BC-1060BC , following the discoveries made at the site of Mycenae by Heinrich Schliemann in the 19th century. Subsequently the term Helladic was introduced for material produced on mainland Greece during the Bronze Age, as a counterpart to Minoan and Cycladic. However, ‘Mycenaean’ continues to be used to describe Late Bronze Age Greek material culture, particularly that relating to the palatial era, when sites such as Mycenae flourished.  The term 'Mycenaean' is used in preference to ‘Late Helladic’. Where a specific 'Late Helladic' sub-division term (such as 'Late Helladic I') can be defined, particularly in the case of pottery, the specific sub-division term should be used instead of 'Mycenaean'.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mycenaean"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "label": "Mycenaean", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57ht9jr": {"id": "p08m57ht9jr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115228", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115228", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1470"}, "label": "1470"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chimu-Inca"]}, "label": "Chimu-Inca", "note": "1470-1660. This refers to the fusion of the Chimu and Inca cultures after the conquest of the Chimu by the Inca.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnqc9": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0400", "earliestYear": "0301"}, "label": "4th century AD"}, "id": "p08m57hnqc9", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x25064", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x25064", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0100", "earliestYear": "0001"}, "label": "1st century AD"}, "note": "1stC AD to 4thC AD. Central Asian dynasty who conquered the region from Afghanistan to south of Delhi. Associated with the city of Mathura, and with the earliest depictions of the Buddha in corporeal form.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kushan"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Asia from Afghanistan to south of Delhi", "label": "Kushan", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8phr": {"id": "p08m57h8phr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0782"}, "label": "782"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14610", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14610", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0781"}, "label": "781"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ten'o Era"]}, "label": "Ten'o Era", "note": "781-782", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hph3k": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This term refers to the Punic, western Mediterranean culture contemporary with the Iron Age and Roman Republican period. The culture exhibits elements of Greco-Roman culture but is essentially autonomous. It refers to Carthage and its settlements established in Sardinia, Spain and Western Sicily, and also to those settlements of North Africa around Carthage.  It is related to the Classical World but also to Levantine cultures as its origins are from the Phoenician settlements. This culture may thus be taken back as far as the foundation of Carthage in the 9th century (Roman sources date it to 814 BC) until its destruction by the Romans in 146 BC, but also may extend as far into the Early Modern period when it was refounded by the Romans until it was again destroyed circa AD 698.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114244", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Punic"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114244", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0145"}, "label": "146 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0800", "earliestYear": "-0899"}, "label": "9th century BC"}, "label": "Punic", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Carthage and its settlements established in Sardinia, Spain and Western Sicily, and also to those settlements of North Africa around Carthage", "id": "p08m57hph3k", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1462", "label": "Sardinia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1460", "label": "Sicily"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}]}, "p08m57hwzn2": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "around 2300 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hwzn2", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41321", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41321", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11767", "label": "Mesopotamia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2599"}, "label": "approximately 2600 BC"}, "note": "A term used to describe the culture of southern Mesopotamia between approximately 2600 BC and the establishment of the Akkadian empire around 2300 BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Dynastic III"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern Mesopotamia", "label": "Early Dynastic III", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8m7v": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1454"}, "label": "1454 (AH 858)"}, "id": "p08m57h8m7v", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x25092", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x25092", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q805", "label": "Yemen"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1229"}, "label": "1229 (AH 626)"}, "note": "1229-1454 (AH 626-AH 858). Dynasty in Yemen descended from Rasul, a Turkman of Oghuz origin, employed as an envoy (rasul) by the 'Abbasid caliphs.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rasulid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Yemen", "label": "Rasulid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h835d": {"id": "p08m57h835d", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1596"}, "label": "1596"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13723", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13723", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1592"}, "label": "1592"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bunroku Era"]}, "label": "Bunroku Era", "note": "1592-1596", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hdvtm": {"id": "p08m57hdvtm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1096"}, "label": "1096"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14056", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14056", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1094"}, "label": "1094"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kaho Era"]}, "label": "Kaho Era", "note": "1094-1096", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hn3w3": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "approximately 2000 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hn3w3", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14626", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14626", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11767", "label": "Mesopotamia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2099"}, "label": "around 2100 BC"}, "note": "With his capital at Ur, Ur-Nammu established his control over southern Mesopotamia around 2100 BC. Ur-Nammu and his descendants ruled until approximately 2000 BC when the kingdom collapsed owing to invasion and rebellion.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Dynasty of Ur"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "southern Mesopotamia", "label": "Third Dynasty of Ur", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hfz69": {"id": "p08m57hfz69", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0503"}, "label": "503"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23124", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23124", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jingming"]}, "label": "Jingming", "note": "500-503 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjrqt": {"id": "p08m57hjrqt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0982"}, "label": "982"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113022", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113022", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0969"}, "label": "969"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jingzong"]}, "label": "Jingzong", "note": "969-982 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmxs6": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0480"}, "label": "AD 480"}, "id": "p08m57hmxs6", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114713", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114713", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0388"}, "label": "AD 388"}, "note": "Successors to the Western Satraps in part of Gujarat. The dynasty is only known from coins and a few dated inscriptions ranging between AD 388 to AD 480.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Traikutaka dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Gujarat", "label": "Traikutaka dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnx6c": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0974"}, "label": "975 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hnx6c", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111722", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111722", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "c. 1200 BC"}, "note": "Italy: c. 1200 BC - 975 BC", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Bronze Age"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Italy", "label": "Final Bronze Age", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvxdg": {"id": "p08m57hvxdg", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1444"}, "label": "1444"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14059", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14059", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1441"}, "label": "1441"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kakitsu Era"]}, "label": "Kakitsu Era", "note": "1441-1444", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvw55": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Europe; 600-450 BC", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111179", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt D"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111179", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 BC"}, "label": "Hallstatt D", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "id": "p08m57hvw55", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p08m57hswvm": {"id": "p08m57hswvm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14262", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14262", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan III"]}, "label": "Middle Minoan III", "note": "1700BC-1600BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hspbm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900 AD"}, "id": "p08m57hspbm", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109717", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109717", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1 AD"}, "note": "The term refers to a cultural period and a style in the Tolima region of Colombia in the Magdalena valley in the Tolima and Huila departments from 1 AD to 900 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Tolima"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "Early Tolima", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpsks": {"id": "p08m57hpsks", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0866", "earliestYear": "0833"}, "label": "mid-9th century"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112413", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112413", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0666", "earliestYear": "0633"}, "label": "circa mid-7th century"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Anglo-Saxon"]}, "label": "Middle Anglo-Saxon", "note": "In the context of archaeological material the term refers to the date range circa mid-7thC to mid-9thC. For numismatic material use the Broad Term Anglo-Saxon.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hx2fq": {"id": "p08m57hx2fq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115506", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115506", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Helladic III"]}, "label": "Middle Helladic III", "note": "1700BC-1600BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmj8v": {"stop": {"label": "second half of the first millennium BC", "in": {"year": "0000"}}, "id": "p08m57hmj8v", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14266", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14266", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q805", "label": "Yemen"}], "start": {"label": "second half of the first millennium BC", "in": {"year": "-0499"}}, "note": "Refers to the small trading kingdom of Ma?in (capital at Qarnaw) based in the Wadi Jawf that was of economic importance during the second half of the first millennium BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Minaean"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Wadi Jawf", "label": "Minaean", "editorialNote": "Since the period itself is described as characterizing the second half of the first millennium BC, 500 BC is understood as the start and 1 BC as the end of the period.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hb8d7": {"id": "p08m57hb8d7", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1374"}, "label": "1375 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115367", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115367", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IIIA1"]}, "label": "Late Minoan IIIA1", "note": "1400BC-1375BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hs2c8"}, "p08m57hv4pv": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1186"}, "label": "1186 (AH 582)"}, "id": "p08m57hv4pv", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23065", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23065", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0977"}, "label": "977 (AH 1135)"}, "note": "977-1186 (AH 366-AH 582). Khurasan, Afghanistan, northern India. Rulers played main part in expansion of Islam into India. With the adoption of Persian administrative and cultural ways the Ghaznavid abandoned their original Turkish steppe background and became largely integrated with the Perso-Islamic tradition. Under Mas'ud I, the son of Mahmud I, the Ghaznavid empire could not be maintained in the west against the Seljuqs, and Khwarazm, Khurasan and northern Persia were lost. 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"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14375", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14375", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "about 700 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Orientalising Period", "Orientalising"]}, "label": "Orientalising Period", "note": "The term covers the date range: about 700BC-600BC.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hk6kq": {"id": "p08m57hk6kq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1449"}, "label": "1450 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14162", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14162", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan I"]}, "label": "Late Minoan I", "note": "1600BC-1450BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hx2xv"}, "p08m57hkvd6": {"id": "p08m57hkvd6", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1264"}, "label": "1264"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14112", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14112", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1261"}, "label": "1261"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kocho Era"]}, "label": "Kocho Era", "note": "1261-1264", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57ht8jh": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}, "id": "p08m57ht8jh", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109715", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109715", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "1000 BC"}, "note": "The terms refer to a region and a cultural tradition of Colombia in the upper Magdalena valley in the Huila department from 1000 BC to 1600 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["San Agustin"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "San Agustin", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hh2vm": {"id": "p08m57hh2vm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1234"}, "label": "1234"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14602", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14602", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1233"}, "label": "1233"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tenpuku Era"]}, "label": "Tenpuku Era", "note": "1233-1234", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzsfd": {"id": "p08m57hzsfd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1317"}, "label": "1317"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14538", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14538", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1312"}, "label": "1312"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Showa Era 1312-1317"]}, "label": "Showa Era 1312-1317", "note": "正和 1312-1317.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7v5v": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "400-1450   Central to Southern Arizona", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72698", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hohokam"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72698", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1450"}, "label": "1450"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "label": "Hohokam", "spatialCoverageDescription": "central to southern Arizona", "id": "p08m57h7v5v", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzv9q": {"id": "p08m57hzv9q", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113015", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113015", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1092"}, "label": "1092"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shouchang"]}, "label": "Shouchang", "note": "1092-1100 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hskm7": {"id": "p08m57hskm7", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1854"}, "label": "1854"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14054", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14054", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1848"}, "label": "1848"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kaei Era"]}, "label": "Kaei Era", "note": "1848-1854", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h52hf": {"id": "p08m57h52hf", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0313"}, "label": "313"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14685", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14685", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0265"}, "label": "265"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Western Jin dynasty"]}, "label": "Western Jin dynasty", "note": "265-313", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hg9kt": {"id": "p08m57hg9kt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0220"}, "label": "221 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14718", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14718", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1049"}, "label": "circa 1050 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhou dynasty"]}, "label": "Zhou dynasty", "note": "circa 1050 BC-221 BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hs5ks": {"id": "p08m57hs5ks", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114221", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114221", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1907"}, "label": "1907"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Duy Tan"]}, "label": "Duy Tan", "note": "(1907-1916) reign.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnnzs": {"id": "p08m57hnnzs", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0499"}, "label": "499"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111432", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111432", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0471"}, "label": "471"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xiaowen"]}, "label": "Xiaowen", "note": "471-499 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9pd4": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This term is restricted to Iron Age numismatics, and applies to coins produced between 80 BC-AD 50. It refers to an area roughly equivalent to modern Dorset, parts of Somerset, Wiltshire, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight, in which similar styled coins are found. The various issuing authorities of this area seem to have relied on the same sources of technology and craftsmanship. The ethnic or tribal identities of the issuers of South Western coinage - which is entirely uninscribed - are unknown, but they are often associated with the Durotriges, who are known to have inhabited this region during the early Roman period.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114768", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["South Western British Iron Age"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114768", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "AD 50"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0079"}, "label": "80 BC"}, "label": "South Western British Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "modern Dorset, parts of Somerset, Wiltshire, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight", "id": "p08m57h9pd4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hz989": {"id": "p08m57hz989", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1159"}, "label": "1159"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13953", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13953", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1156"}, "label": "1156"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hogen Era"]}, "label": "Hogen Era", "note": "1156-1159", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzttw": {"id": "p08m57hzttw", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1649"}, "label": "1650 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114520", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114520", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan IIIA"]}, "label": "Middle Minoan IIIA", "note": "1700BC-1650BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hswvm"}, "p08m57hzvfw": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1147"}, "label": "1147"}, "id": "p08m57hzvfw", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52004", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52004", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1056"}, "label": "1056"}, "note": "1056-1147; Morocco; Spain. Originating in religious movement among Berber nomads. Almoravid is the Spanish form of 'murabitun', meaning those dwelling in a hermitage or frontier fortress. This term was used for these warriors who wore veils over their faces against the sand and wind hence they were also known as 'al-mutalaththimun' meaning the veiled ones. The Almoravid recognised the Abbasid Caliphs as spiritual heads of Islam.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Almoravid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Morocco; Spain", "label": "Almoravid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7x5d": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}, "id": "p08m57h7x5d", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109720", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x109720", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900 AD"}, "note": "The term refers to a region, a style and a period of Colombia in the Serrania de San Jacinto in the Zenu area in the Caribbean lowlands from 900 AD to 1600 AD.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Serrania de San Jacinto"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "Serrania de San Jacinto", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hfqpm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1009"}, "label": "1009"}, "id": "p08m57hfqpm", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114114", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114114", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0980"}, "label": "980"}, "note": "Vietnamese dynasty, 980-1009.  state name: Dai Co Viet", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anterior Le dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "label": "Anterior Le dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxqkt": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1799"}, "label": "1800 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hxqkt", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14369", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14369", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "approximately 2000 BC"}, "note": "The term is used to describe the culture of Assyria between approximately 2000 BC-1800 BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Old Assyrian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Assyria", "label": "Old Assyrian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwgdb": {"id": "p08m57hwgdb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1849"}, "label": "1850 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115656", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115656", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Cycladic I"]}, "label": "Middle Cycladic I", "note": "2000BC-1850BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hhw8s": {"id": "p08m57hhw8s", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1164"}, "label": "1164"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114287", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114287", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1163"}, "label": "1163"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Longxing"]}, "label": "Longxing", "note": "1163-1164 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hsj6d": {"id": "p08m57hsj6d", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0999"}, "label": "999"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13760", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13760", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0995"}, "label": "995"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chotoku Era"]}, "label": "Chotoku Era", "note": "995-999", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqd77": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Korea: C6000 BC - 2000 BC", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14420", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Prehistoric"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14420", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "c 6000 BC"}, "label": "Prehistoric", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Korea", "id": "p08m57hqd77", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}]}, "p08m57hjwcw": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200 AD"}, "id": "p08m57hjwcw", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72548", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72548", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "200 BC"}, "note": "The term refers to a period and a culture of the Calima region of Colombia in the Western Range of the Valle del Cauca department from 200 BC to 1200 AD", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yotoco"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Colombia", "label": "Yotoco", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h37gz": {"id": "p08m57h37gz", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103287", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103287", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2749"}, "label": "c. 2750 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ninevite 5 Incised"]}, "label": "Ninevite 5 Incised", "note": "c.2750-2500BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpgvt": {"start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0300", "earliestYear": "0201"}, "label": "3rd century AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "3rdC-4thC AD.  This term has not been used for coins (see under Sasanian).", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13816", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Sasanian"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13816", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0400", "earliestYear": "0301"}, "label": "4th century AD"}, "label": "Early Sasanian", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "id": "p08m57hpgvt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hp8wk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This term is used in the Lachish Collection as a chronological term covering the period 539 B.C. to 331 B.C.  For cuneiform tablets belonging to the same period, use the term 'Achaemenid Dynasty'.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41399", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Persian Period", "Persian"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41399", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0330"}, "label": "331 B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0538"}, "label": "539 B.C."}, "label": "Persian Period", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lachish", "id": "p08m57hp8wk", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q848509", "label": "Lachish"}]}, "p08m57hg4xh": {"id": "p08m57hg4xh", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1661"}, "label": "1661"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14199", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14199", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1658"}, "label": "1658"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manji Era"]}, "label": "Manji Era", "note": "1658-1661", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvj75": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hvj75", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14021", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14021", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "c. 3000 BC"}, "note": "Jemdet Nasr is the name of a site located in modern Iraq to the south of Baghdad. The name is applied to a culture based on excavations at the site that have produced a distinct assemblage of objects (c.3000BC-2900BC). The assemblage is restricted to the neighbouring region.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jemdet Nasr"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jemdet Nasr", "label": "Jemdet Nasr", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnqhg": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Term referring to material from level III at Tell Jidle as excavated by M.E.L. Mallowan, and dating to ca 1700-1600 BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14026", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jidle III"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14026", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "ca 1700 BC"}, "label": "Jidle III", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tell Jidle", "id": "p08m57hnqhg", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}]}, "p08m57h4gtz": {"id": "p08m57h4gtz", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1558"}, "label": "1558"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14119", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14119", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1555"}, "label": "1555"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Koji Era 1555-1558"]}, "label": "Koji Era 1555-1558", "note": "1555-1558", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57ht87t": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0908"}, "label": "c.908 (c.AH 295)"}, "id": "p08m57ht87t", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114252", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114252", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0848"}, "label": "c.848 (c.AH 233)"}, "note": "c.848-c.908 (c.AH 233-c.AH 295). The Banijurids, who were probably of Iranian origin, were local rulers at Balkh and Andaraba in the region of Tukharistan to the south of the middle Oxus, and also at Panjhir in the Hindu Kush. 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At its height, the empire (also called the New Kingdom) encompassed central Turkey, north western Syria, and Upper Mesopotamia (north eastern Syria and northern Iraq). By 1300 the Hittite Empire bordered on Egypt and both powers vied for control of wealthy cities on the Mediterranean coast. This led to the Battle of Kadesh with Rameses II (1274 BC).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hittite"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "central Turkey, north western Syria, and Upper Mesopotamia", "label": "Hittite", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h6qhk": {"id": "p08m57h6qhk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0650"}, "label": "650"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14593", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14593", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0645"}, "label": "645"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taika Era"]}, "label": "Taika Era", "note": "645-650", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hghhs": {"id": "p08m57hghhs", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "1300 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103823", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103823", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Helladic IIIA"]}, "label": "Late Helladic IIIA", "note": "1400BC-1300BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hdxbz"}, "p08m57h3q5x": {"id": "p08m57h3q5x", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0805"}, "label": "805"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113406", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113406", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0780"}, "label": "780"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dezong"]}, "label": "Dezong", "note": "780-805 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjd6s": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Hopewell is a cultural designation relating to a people who build mounds and have a material culture active in the Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, Mississippi Valley region of the United States.  200BC - 400AD (though recently some scholars have pushed the Ohio Hopewell back to 0 - 400AD)", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72379", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hopewell"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x72379", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "200 BC"}, "label": "Hopewell", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, Mississippi Valley region of the United States", "id": "p08m57hjd6s", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hmjgn": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1530"}, "label": "circa 1530"}, "id": "p08m57hmjgn", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x108793", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x108793", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q736", "label": "Ecuador"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "circa 800"}, "note": "The term refers to a period in Ecuador, from circa 800 to circa 1530.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Manteño"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ecuador", "label": "Manteño", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57htnkn": {"id": "p08m57htnkn", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0779"}, "label": "779"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113382", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113382", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0766"}, "label": "766"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dali"]}, "label": "Dali", "note": "766-779 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hx9wd": {"id": "p08m57hx9wd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1652"}, "label": "1652"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14091", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14091", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1648"}, "label": "1648"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Keian Era"]}, "label": "Keian Era", "note": "1648-1652", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hf7b2": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The term is used in relation to objects produced in ancient Judaea under the Hasmonean (c. 170BC-37BC) and Herodian (37BC-95AD) dynasties and during the two Jewish revolts (The Jewish War 66AD-68AD and The Bar Kochba Revolt 132AD-135AD).     From 301-201BC most of ancient Judaea was under Ptolemaic control; it was then under the Seleucids under Antiochus III Megas. By 40BC Judaea was almost entirely dominated by Rome, and the first king of the Herodian dynasty, Herod I, was appointed by a declaration of the Roman Senate. Coins minted under the Roman Prefects of Judaea ('the Procurators') have the period culture 'Roman Provincial', as do the later imperial coins minted in Judaean cities (e.g. Aelia Capitolina, the new Roman Jerusalem).    The term is not used for the collections in the Department of Greek and Roman. If the object dates to the period before Judaea became a Roman province (about 6AD) the term 'Hellenistic' is used, and if after Rome takes over then the term 'Roman' is used.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113575", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Judaean"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113575", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0135"}, "label": "135 AD"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0169"}, "label": "170 BC"}, "label": "Judaean", "spatialCoverageDescription": "ancient Judaea", "id": "p08m57hf7b2", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzfg4": {"id": "p08m57hzfg4", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1844"}, "label": "1844"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14601", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14601", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tenpo Era"]}, "label": "Tenpo Era", "note": "1830-1844", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hhzdh": {"id": "p08m57hhzdh", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1306"}, "label": "1306"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14055", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14055", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1303"}, "label": "1303"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kagen Era"]}, "label": "Kagen Era", "note": "1303-1306", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h3djv": {"id": "p08m57h3djv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0517"}, "label": "517"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23312", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23312", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0516"}, "label": "516"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xiping"]}, "label": "Xiping", "note": "516-517 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hd46t": {"id": "p08m57hd46t", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0857"}, "label": "857"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14471", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14471", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0854"}, "label": "854"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Saiko Era"]}, "label": "Saiko Era", "note": "854-857", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnhvv": {"id": "p08m57hnhvv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13809", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13809", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3199"}, "label": "3200 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Minoan I"]}, "label": "Early Minoan I", "note": "3200BC-2900BC", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08m57hg6nn"}, "p08m57h8h8d": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "AD 850"}, "id": "p08m57h8h8d", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13798", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13798", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "AD 550"}, "note": "The term covers the period in Nubia and Sudan from AD 550-850. It is subdivided into an earlier and a later phase designated Early Christian Period I (AD 550-700) and Early Christian Period II (AD 700-850) respectively.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Christian Period", "Early Christian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nubia and Sudan", "label": "Early Christian Period", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvrzw": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1231"}, "label": "1231 (AH 628)"}, "id": "p08m57hvrzw", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114378", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114378", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0995"}, "label": "995 (AH 385)"}, "note": "995-1231 (AH 385-AH 628). Khwarazm is the classical Chorasmia, the rich and well irrigated region on the lower Oxus. In later times it was known as the Khanate of Khiva. It may have been an early home of the Iranians. Khwarazm was under Samanid rule until it was added to the Ghaznavid empire under Mahmud in 1017 (AH 408). After the middle of the 11th century Khwarazm was under Seljuq rule. Since the time of Malik Shah the hereditary governors of Khwarazm received the title of Khwarazm Shah. After the conquest of Transoxiana by Genghis Khan in 1220 (AH 617) Khwarazm came first under the rule of Mongols and then Turkish Central Asian steppe peoples.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Khwarazm Shahs"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "classical Chorasmia on the lower Oxus", "label": "Khwarazm Shahs", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hj2vt": {"id": "p08m57hj2vt", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13908", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13908", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "about 900 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Geometric Greek"]}, "label": "Geometric Greek", "note": "About 900-700 BC.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqk5w": {"id": "p08m57hqk5w", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1681"}, "label": "1681"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115786", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115786", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1678"}, "label": "1678"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Honghua"]}, "label": "Honghua", "note": "1678-1681 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hg6nn": {"id": "p08m57hg6nn", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13808", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13808", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3199"}, "label": "3200 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Minoan"]}, "label": "Early Minoan", "note": "3200BC-2000BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hfw9n": {"id": "p08m57hfw9n", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1040"}, "label": "1040"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113922", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113922", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1038"}, "label": "1038"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Baoyuan"]}, "label": "Baoyuan", "note": "1038-1040 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h98w5": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0100", "earliestYear": "0001"}, "label": "1st century AD"}, "id": "p08m57h98w5", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114066", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114066", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q805", "label": "Yemen"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q851", "label": "Saudi Arabia"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0100", "earliestYear": "0001"}, "label": "1st century AD"}, "note": "Refers to the kingdom of Himyar (capital at Zafar). In the 1st century AD the kingdom controlled large parts of Yemen and Saudi Arabia (at its height as far north as Riyadh).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Himyarite"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Himyar", "label": "Himyarite", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hx2xv": {"id": "p08m57hx2xv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1159"}, "label": "1160 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14161", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14161", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34374", "label": "Crete"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "1600 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan"]}, "label": "Late Minoan", "note": "1600BC-1160BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h3ckw": {"id": "p08m57h3ckw", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0848"}, "label": "848"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14047", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14047", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0834"}, "label": "834"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jowa Era"]}, "label": "Jowa Era", "note": "834-848", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2cwc": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0897"}, "label": "897 (AH 284)"}, "id": "p08m57h2cwc", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52012", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52012", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0840"}, "label": "840 (AH 225)"}, "note": "840-897 (AH 225-AH 284). Arab governors appointed by the 'Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid to rule the Jibal (ancient Media) in central and western Iran. The centre of power was at Karaj.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dulafid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jibal (ancient Media) in central and western Iran", "label": "Dulafid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hxfkr": {"id": "p08m57hxfkr", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0420"}, "label": "420"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111495", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111495", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0265"}, "label": "265"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jin dynasties"]}, "label": "Jin dynasties", "note": "265-420.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hdff8": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "This term is restricted to Iron Age numismatics, and applies to coins produced between 80 BC-AD 50. It refers to an area roughly equivalent to modern Essex and Hertfordshire, parts of Kent, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, Bedfordshire, Northamptonshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, in which similar styled coinages are found. The various issuing authorities of this area seem to have relied on the same sources of technology and craftsmanship. Notable rulers in this area include Addedomaros, Dubnovellaunos, Tasciovanus, Dias, Rues and Cunobelin. The ethnic or tribal identities of these rulers and the anonymous issuers of earlier coins remain unclear, but some may have belonged to the Trinovantes or the Catuvellauni. Both are known from Roman sources describing the administrative structure of the later Roman province, but only the former definitely pre-dated the Roman invasion of AD 43. The term \"Northern\" was used by Hobbs in the BM catalogue (1996) but is often considered confusing.  J Creighton, Coins and Power in Iron Age Britain, Cambridge (CUP) 2000.  R Hobbs, British Iron Age Coins in the British Museum, London (BMP) 1996.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114765", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eastern British Iron Age"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114765", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "AD 50"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0079"}, "label": "80 BC"}, "label": "Eastern British Iron Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Essex and Hertfordshire, parts of Kent, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, Bedfordshire, Northamptonshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire", "id": "p08m57hdff8", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hp24h": {"id": "p08m57hp24h", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1058"}, "label": "1058"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14613", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14613", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1053"}, "label": "1053"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tengi Era"]}, "label": "Tengi Era", "note": "1053-1058", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hm5jd": {"id": "p08m57hm5jd", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1142"}, "label": "1142"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13828", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13828", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1141"}, "label": "1141"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eiji Era"]}, "label": "Eiji Era", "note": "1141-1142", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hrq29": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "6000 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hrq29", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x101837", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x101837", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-6499"}, "label": "6500 BC"}, "note": "This term is restricted to Mesopotamian archaeology, specifically for a prehistoric culture dating to 6500BC-6000BC.  It is named after the site where it was first recognised - see also Samarra as a site name.  In the case of the early Islamic material, the Material Culture is usually Abbasid.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Samarran"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mesopotamia", "label": "Samarran", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvcbq": {"id": "p08m57hvcbq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0951"}, "label": "951"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116828", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x116828", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0948"}, "label": "948"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Han Dynasty"]}, "label": "Later Han Dynasty", "note": "948-951", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwcg5": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1788"}, "label": "1788"}, "id": "p08m57hwcg5", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x25069", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x25069", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1428"}, "label": "1428"}, "note": "Dynasty ruling Vietnam from 1428-1788.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Le Dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vietnam", "label": "Le Dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjdc9": {"id": "p08m57hjdc9", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2149"}, "label": "2150 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105786", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x105786", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-2299", "earliestYear": "-2399"}, "label": "ca. 2400/2300 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cypriot I"]}, "label": "Early Cypriot I", "note": "ca. 2400/2300-2150 BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h76fb": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The Vinca culture developed throughout the central Balkans during the middle-late Neolithic (c. 5000-4000 BC). 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The last king, Prithviraja III (q.v.), resisted Muslim attack at Tarain in 1191, but was defeated by Muhammad ibn Sam (q.v.) in a second battle at Tarain in 1192.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chauhan dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sambhar, Amber district, Rajasthan", "label": "Chauhan dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjtp3": {"id": "p08m57hjtp3", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0925"}, "label": "925"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113987", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113987", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0907"}, "label": "907"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shu Kingdom"]}, "label": "Shu Kingdom", "note": "907-925", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h44p7": {"id": "p08m57h44p7", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1372"}, "label": "1372"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14104", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14104", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1370"}, "label": "1370"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kentoku Era"]}, "label": "Kentoku Era", "note": "1370-1372", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7bzs": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "31 BC"}, "id": "p08m57h7bzs", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13945", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13945", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 BC"}, "note": "323 BC-31 BC.   Do not use for cuneiform tablets (instead use Macedonian Dynasty, Seleucid or Late Babylonian for anything without a specific date).   Ptolemaic is frequently used by G&R for Hellenistic terracottas made in Egypt.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "label": "Hellenistic", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hw5xf": {"id": "p08m57hw5xf", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115657", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115657", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1849"}, "label": "1850 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Cycladic II"]}, "label": "Middle Cycladic II", "note": "1850BC-1700BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h9dd2": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1300", "earliestYear": "-1399"}, "label": "14th century BC"}, "id": "p08m57h9dd2", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14269", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14269", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-1400", "earliestYear": "-1499"}, "label": "15th century BC"}, "note": "The important kingdom of Mitanni flourished in the 15th and 14th centuries BC and covered parts of what are presently north-east Syria, south-east Turkey and northern Iraq. 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In some sources, 25-220.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h5rk7": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Epi-Palaeolithic culture of the late Pleistocene in the Levant characterised by geometric microliths and dating from 15,500BC to c.12,900BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112515", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Geometric Kebaran"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112515", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12899"}, "label": "c. 12,900 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-15499"}, "label": "15,500 BC"}, "label": "Geometric Kebaran", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "id": "p08m57h5rk7", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}]}, "p08m57h9kqz": {"id": "p08m57h9kqz", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1368"}, "label": "1368"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113441", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113441", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1341"}, "label": "1341"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhizheng"]}, "label": "Zhizheng", "note": "1341-1368 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpdg3": {"id": "p08m57hpdg3", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0968"}, "label": "968"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14117", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14117", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0964"}, "label": "964"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Koho Era"]}, "label": "Koho Era", "note": "964-968", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2w97": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "80BC-20BC", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115196", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène D2"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115196", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0019"}, "label": "20 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0079"}, "label": "80 BC"}, "label": "La Tène D2", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "id": "p08m57h2w97", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hc638": {"id": "p08m57hc638", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0969"}, "label": "969"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113024", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113024", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0951"}, "label": "951"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Muzong"]}, "label": "Muzong", "note": "951-969 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hbzjk": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Europe; 800-600 BC", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111178", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt C"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111178", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 BC"}, "label": "Hallstatt C", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "id": "p08m57hbzjk", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p08m57hqxg6": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "1100", "earliestYear": "1050"}, "label": "later 11th century"}, "id": "p08m57hqxg6", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41012", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x41012", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0500", "earliestYear": "0401"}, "label": "circa 5th century"}, "note": "In the context of archaeological material the term refers to the date range circa 5thC to later 11thC. For numismatic material use the term Anglo-Saxon rather than the Narrower Terms.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo-Saxon"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "England", "label": "Anglo-Saxon", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hv36g": {"id": "p08m57hv36g", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1175"}, "label": "1175"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14033", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14033", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1171"}, "label": "1171"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Joan Era"]}, "label": "Joan Era", "note": "1171-1175", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwn8f": {"id": "p08m57hwn8f", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0508"}, "label": "508"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23318", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23318", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0504"}, "label": "504"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhengshi"]}, "label": "Zhengshi", "note": "504-508 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hp4m6": {"id": "p08m57hp4m6", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0976"}, "label": "976"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111423", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111423", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Taizu"]}, "label": "Taizu", "note": "960-976 (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnpfm": {"id": "p08m57hnpfm", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1566"}, "label": "1566"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14022", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14022", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1522"}, "label": "1522"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jiajing"]}, "label": "Jiajing", "note": "1522-1566 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkfhx": {"id": "p08m57hkfhx", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1307"}, "label": "1307"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115586", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115586", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1297"}, "label": "1297"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dade"]}, "label": "Dade", "note": "1297-1307 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hbngn": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Europe; 1200-1125 BC", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111176", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt A"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x111176", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1124"}, "label": "1125 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "1200 BC"}, "label": "Hallstatt A", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "id": "p08m57hbngn", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}, "p08m57hbgb6": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2349"}, "label": "2350 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hbgb6", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14581", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14581", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11767", "label": "Mesopotamia"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "circa 3000 BC"}, "note": "Sumerian is not used as a period culture term but as a language (see inscription field), instead see narrower terms. 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Turkish rulers controlling north-eastern Iraq and Kurdistan with a centre at Irbil, also in control of Harran in northern Syria.They arose out of the Turkish military entourage of the Zangids (q.v.).", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Begtiginid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "north-eastern Iraq and Kurdistan; northern Syria", "label": "Begtiginid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hqn3t": {"id": "p08m57hqn3t", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1925"}, "label": "1925"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114222", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114222", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Khai Dinh"]}, "label": "Khai Dinh", "note": "(1916-1925) reign.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hbb33": {"id": "p08m57hbb33", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1749"}, "label": "1750 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x82856", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x82856", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2049"}, "label": "c. 2050 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kerma Moyen", "Middle Kerma"]}, "label": "Kerma Moyen", "note": "c. 2050 BC-1750 BC", "languageTag": "fr"}, "p08m57h4jbc": {"id": "p08m57h4jbc", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0023"}, "label": "23"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14695", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14695", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0009"}, "label": "9"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Xin dynasty"]}, "label": "Xin dynasty", "note": "9-23.  In some sources: 9-25.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hjbfc": {"id": "p08m57hjbfc", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1716"}, "label": "1716"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14536", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14536", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1711"}, "label": "1711"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shotoku Era"]}, "label": "Shotoku Era", "note": "1711-1716", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkmpq": {"id": "p08m57hkmpq", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0904"}, "label": "904"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114528", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114528", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0888"}, "label": "888"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhaozong"]}, "label": "Zhaozong", "note": "888-904 (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7ddk": {"id": "p08m57h7ddk", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0964"}, "label": "964"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14383", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14383", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0961"}, "label": "961"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Owa Era"]}, "label": "Owa Era", "note": "961-964", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnstn": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hnstn", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x95517", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x95517", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-4799"}, "label": "4800 BC"}, "note": "Fars, 4800BC-4500BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Shamsabad"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Fars", "label": "Shamsabad", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2z5j": {"id": "p08m57h2z5j", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0973"}, "label": "973"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14621", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14621", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0970"}, "label": "970"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tenroku Era"]}, "label": "Tenroku Era", "note": "970-973", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hs9rb": {"id": "p08m57hs9rb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0794"}, "label": "794"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14317", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14317", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0710"}, "label": "710"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nara Period", "Nara"]}, "label": "Nara Period", "note": "710-794", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hnp58": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1167"}, "label": "c. 1167"}, "id": "p08m57hnp58", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113559", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113559", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "1000", "earliestYear": "0901"}, "label": "10th century"}, "note": "Rajput dynasty of northern India who founded Delhi as their capital in the 10th century. 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After defeat and being made tributary in turn by the Turks in 553 (q.v. 'Turkic'), some Hephthalites may have joined the Avars (q.v.) in their migration to the steppes and Central Europe.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13947", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hephthalite"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13947", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0553"}, "label": "AD 553"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0440", "earliestYear": "0420"}, "label": "around AD 420-440"}, "label": "Hephthalite", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Altai region, Transoxiana", "id": "p08m57hdwjh", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hw48j": {"id": "p08m57hw48j", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0589"}, "label": "589"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114353", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114353", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0557"}, "label": "557"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chen dynasty"]}, "label": "Chen dynasty", "note": "557-589", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hdttc": {"id": "p08m57hdttc", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1076"}, "label": "1077 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23016", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x23016", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1114"}, "label": "1115 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cheng Wang"]}, "label": "Cheng Wang", "note": "1115BC-1077BC (reign).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hcdt2": {"id": "p08m57hcdt2", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1108"}, "label": "1108"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14057", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14057", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1106"}, "label": "1106"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kajo Era 1106-1108", "Kajo Era"]}, "label": "Kajo Era 1106-1108", "note": "1106-1108", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hv3m2": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "AD 700"}, "id": "p08m57hv3m2", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117593", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117593", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "AD 550"}, "note": "The term covers the period in Nubia and Sudan from AD 550-700.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Christian Period I", "Early Christian I"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nubia and Sudan", "label": "Early Christian Period I", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hj9wx": {"id": "p08m57hj9wx", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0938"}, "label": "938"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112990", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x112990", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0927"}, "label": "927"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tianxian Taizong"]}, "label": "Tianxian Taizong", "note": "927-938 (era)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hbvcb": {"id": "p08m57hbvcb", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0086"}, "label": "87 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14690", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14690", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0140"}, "label": "140"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wudi"]}, "label": "Wudi", "note": "140-87BC (reign)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hgr8j": {"id": "p08m57hgr8j", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1184"}, "label": "1184"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14048", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14048", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1182"}, "label": "1182"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Juei Era"]}, "label": "Juei Era", "note": "1182-1184", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hj2rx": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "275BC-120BC", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115193", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène C"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115193", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0119"}, "label": "120 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0274"}, "label": "275 BC"}, "label": "La Tène C", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "id": "p08m57hj2rx", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hkrpr": {"id": "p08m57hkrpr", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "0700", "earliestYear": "0601"}, "label": "7th century AD"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14172", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14172", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "0500", "earliestYear": "0401"}, "label": "5th century AD"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Sasanian"]}, "label": "Late Sasanian", "note": "5thC-7thC AD.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hsc37": {"id": "p08m57hsc37", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1294"}, "label": "1294"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115542", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115542", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1264"}, "label": "1264"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhiyuan"]}, "label": "Zhiyuan", "note": "1264-1294 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hppss": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "0010"}, "label": "AD 10"}, "id": "p08m57hppss", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13986", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13986", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0179"}, "label": "c. 180 BC"}, "note": "The term refers to a specific independent Greek kingdom (c.180 BC-AD 10), ruling in Afghanistan south of the Hindu Kush mountains and north-western Pakistan up to the Indus and Sutlej rivers (i.e. including the Punjab).  The Indo-Greeks lost Afghanistan and most of Pakistan to Indo-Scythians c. 70 BC, but survived in the Punjab until c. AD 10. They are the successors to the Greco-Bactrians, who broke away from the Seleucid empire c. 250 BC to form an independent Greek kingdom in Bactria (Afghanistan north of the Hindu Kush) and Sogdiana (modern Tajikistan), which was lost to nomadic tribes of the Indo-Scythians and Yuezhi by c. 100 BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Indo-Greek"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Afghanistan and north-western Pakistan", "label": "Indo-Greek", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hzw64": {"id": "p08m57hzw64", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1053"}, "label": "1053"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13829", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13829", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1046"}, "label": "1046"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eijo Era"]}, "label": "Eijo Era", "note": "1046-1053", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpd9k": {"id": "p08m57hpd9k", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1279"}, "label": "1279"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14570", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14570", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0960"}, "label": "960"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Song dynasty"]}, "label": "Song dynasty", "note": "960-1279", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hpqwx": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0639"}, "label": "640 BC"}, "id": "p08m57hpqwx", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14423", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14423", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "700 BC"}, "note": "700BC-640BC.  Used with Corinth as Production place.  The term only applies to pottery.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Proto-Corinthian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Corinth", "label": "Proto-Corinthian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h4p4m": {"id": "p08m57h4p4m", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1211"}, "label": "1211"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14036", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14036", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1207"}, "label": "1207"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jogen Era 1207-1211", "Jogen Era"]}, "label": "Jogen Era 1207-1211", "note": "1207-1211", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hwrbs": {"id": "p08m57hwrbs", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13823", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13823", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edo Period", "Edo"]}, "label": "Edo Period", "note": "1603-1868.  N.B. The Edo period is routinely said to start in 1600, 1603 or 1615, depending on its definition, but the date used here is 1603.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hffr5": {"id": "p08m57hffr5", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0530"}, "label": "530"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114017", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114017", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0528"}, "label": "528"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yong'an"]}, "label": "Yong'an", "note": "528-530 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h8sp2": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 BC"}, "id": "p08m57h8sp2", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14106", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14106", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2799"}, "label": "approximately 2800 BC"}, "note": "The second of the three cultural groups into which the Early Cycladic (q.v.) period is divided, based on consistently recurring types of pottery, bronze and marble objects. The name refers to the islands used by Colin Renfrew to define the culture, although the term applies to material from the Cyclades as a whole. There are not always clear boundaries between cultural groups, but an approximate date range is 2800BC – 2300BC.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Keros-Syros Culture"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyclades", "label": "Keros-Syros Culture", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2zhh": {"id": "p08m57h2zhh", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1308"}, "label": "1308"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14639", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14639", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1306"}, "label": "1306"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tokuji Era"]}, "label": "Tokuji Era", "note": "1306-1308", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hrxhp": {"id": "p08m57hrxhp", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1624"}, "label": "1624"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13903", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13903", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1615"}, "label": "1615"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Genna Era"]}, "label": "Genna Era", "note": "1615-1624", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h2kf3": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1003"}, "label": "1003 (AH 393)"}, "id": "p08m57h2kf3", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52022", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x52022", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0861"}, "label": "861 (AH 247)"}, "note": "861-1003 (AH 247-AH 393). Dynasty in Eastern Persia. Ya'qub and his brother 'Amr derived their name from their founders trade of coppersmith (Saffar). The province of Sistan became the centre of a vast empire which covered almost all of Persia, except for the north-west and the Caspian region. The empire stretched to the frontiers of India. The Saffarids openly proclaimed their contempt for the 'Abbasids and effectively demolished the 'caliphal fiction'.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Saffarid dynasty"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Persia to India", "label": "Saffarid dynasty", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7xc6": {"id": "p08m57h7xc6", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1249"}, "label": "1249"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13954", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13954", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1247"}, "label": "1247"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hoji Era"]}, "label": "Hoji Era", "note": "1247-1249", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hvx6p": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "Originally a nomadic people, thought to be of Iranian origin, who moved into the Ukrainian/south Russian steppes around the 7th century BC. They were finally driven out by the Sarmatians in the 2nd century BC.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14489", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Scythian"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14489", "stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0100", "earliestYear": "-0199"}, "label": "2nd century BC"}, "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0600", "earliestYear": "-0699"}, "label": "7th century BC"}, "label": "Scythian", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Ukrainian/south Russian steppes", "id": "p08m57hvx6p", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}]}, "p08m57h2nnc": {"id": "p08m57h2nnc", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0976"}, "label": "976"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14609", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x14609", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0973"}, "label": "973"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ten'en Era"]}, "label": "Ten'en Era", "note": "973-976", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h96rf": {"stop": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0166", "earliestYear": "-0199"}, "label": "early 2nd century BC"}, "id": "p08m57h96rf", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114178", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114178", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "start": {"in": {"latestYear": "-0500", "earliestYear": "-0599"}, "label": "6th century BC"}, "note": "This term refers to the Greek colonies established at Emporion and Rhode in the 6thC BC which flourished until the Roman conquest of Spain in the late 3rdC BC-early 2ndC BC. It also refers to the indigenous cultures of Spain, or Iberians, contemporary to the aformentioned colonies. This includes the coinage minted by those settlements in the vicinity of Emporion and Rhode and also those minted by those colonies themselves.", "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Graeco-Iberian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greek colonies established at Emporion and Rhode", "label": "Graeco-Iberian", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57htf9q": {"id": "p08m57htf9q", "stop": {"label": "980", "in": {"year": "0980"}}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114113", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x114113", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name. The British Museum parenthetical statment of dates refer to the reigns of two different rulers (Đinh Tiên Hoàng and his son Đinh Phế Đế), who used the same formal era name. The parenthetical dates are therefore not four-part ranges for the era, but the reigns of two separate rulers in the same period; the beginning of the reign of the first is understood here as the beginning of the period, and the end of the reign of the second as the end.", "start": {"label": "970", "in": {"year": "0970"}}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Thai Binh reign period", "Thai Binh reign"]}, "label": "Thai Binh reign period", "note": "Thai Binh reign period (970-979; 979-980)", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57h7f2v": {"id": "p08m57h7f2v", "stop": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "850"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115229", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115229", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q419", "label": "Peru"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "0650"}, "label": "650"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nasca-Huari"]}, "label": "Nasca-Huari", "note": "650-850.  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It corresponds, broadly speaking, to the alternative classifications La Tène A (450 BC-400 BC) and part of La Tène B (400 BC-275 BC).\"", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115192", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène B"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115192", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0274"}, "label": "275 BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 BC"}, "label": "La Tène B", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name. 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"note": "(1889-1907) reign.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hd28w": {"id": "p08m57hd28w", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2749"}, "label": "2750 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103285", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x103285", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "c. 3000 BC"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ninevite 5 Painted"]}, "label": "Ninevite 5 Painted", "note": "c.3000-2750BC", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hdsg5": {"id": "p08m57hdsg5", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "480 BC"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x13613", "url": 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The economic and commercial trends of the Cypro-Geometric period (q.v) culminated in a flowering of cultural activity in the Cypro-Archaic period. The numerous city-kingdoms, whose wealth and power are visible in tombs and increasingly monumental architecture (including urban fortifications), appear as vassals in the historical records of the Assyrian Empire. 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According to Amyx’s chronology (1988, p. 428), based on Payne’s chronology and modified by Hopper, Dunbabin, and Coldstream, the Late Corinthian period extends from 570 to beyond 550 BC.", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hz87q": {"id": "p08m57hz87q", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1796"}, "label": "1796 (AH 1210)"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113399", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x113399", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia (country)"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from dynasty name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1736"}, "label": "1736 (AH 1148)"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Afsharid dynasty"]}, "label": "Afsharid dynasty", "note": "1736-1796 (AH 1148-AH 1210). Dynasty led by chieftain Nadir who was crowned Nadir Shah in 1736 (AH 1148).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57ht6nv": {"id": "p08m57ht6nv", "stop": {"in": {"year": "1311"}, "label": "1311"}, "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115588", "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x115588", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from period name.", "start": {"in": {"year": "1308"}, "label": "1308"}, "type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zhida"]}, "label": "Zhida", "note": "1308-1311 (era).", "languageTag": "en"}, "p08m57hn6p3": {"type": "Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "note": "The Ice Age refers to the period between 2.6 million and 11,700 years ago during which climate varied through alternating warm and cold periods. Modern humans and many other mammal species evolved during this period.  During some cold stages (glaciations) temperatures dropped so much that continental and alpine ice sheets spread over vast areas. With water frozen to ice, sea levels also dropped providing humans and animals with opportunities to spread out across land bridges which were then submerged again during warm periods such as we live in today. Throughout the Ice Age, Britain formed part of mainland of Europe.  However, 'Ice Age' (as used in the British Museum records) is a term in popular use for the period of warm and cold phases between 126,000 and 11,000 years ago or, more narrowly, to the time after 40,000 years ago when fully modern humans arrived in Europe and North America.  The Pleistocene is a geological term used to refer to the same period of climatic changes as the Ice Age.  The Last Ice Age refers to the period of warm and cold phases between 126,000 and c.11, 000 years ago when fully modern people like us (Homo sapiens sapiens) spread around the earth.", "sameAs": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117615", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Last Ice Age"]}, "url": "http://collection.britishmuseum.org/id/thesauri/x117615", "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9050"}, "label": "11,000 years ago"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-124050"}, "label": "126,000 years ago"}, "label": "Last Ice Age", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe and North America", "id": "p08m57hn6p3", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q49", "label": "North America"}]}}}, "p0zpgf9": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/895860433", "title": "The Norton anthology of English literature : revised", "yearPublished": "1968", "creators": [], "contributors": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/5377722399#Person/abrams_meyer_howard_1912", "name": "Meyer Howard Abrams"}, {"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/5377722399#Person/smith_hallett", "name": "Hallett Smith"}, {"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/5377722399#Person/donaldson_e_talbot", "name": "E Talbot Donaldson"}]}, "id": "p0zpgf9", "periods": {"p0zpgf9w94b": {"stop": {"label": "1485", "in": {"year": "1485"}}, "start": {"label": "End of the 7th Century", "in": {"year": "0700"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "note": "The medieval period in English literature extends for more than 800 years, from Cædmon’s Hymn at the end of the 7th century to Everyman at the end of the 15th. (p. 1)\n", "label": "The Middle Ages", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Middle Ages"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/895860433", "locator": "Volume 1, page 1"}, "id": "p0zpgf9w94b", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zpgf9g5s8": {"stop": {"label": "1603", "in": {"year": "1603"}}, "start": {"label": "1485", "in": {"year": "1485"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "The Sixteenth Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Sixteenth Century"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/895860433", "locator": "Volume 1, page 379"}, "id": "p0zpgf9g5s8", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zpgf94kqj": {"stop": {"label": "1660", "in": {"year": "1660"}}, "start": {"label": "1603", "in": {"year": "1603"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "The Seventeenth Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Seventeenth Century"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/895860433", "locator": "Volume 1, page 861"}, "id": "p0zpgf94kqj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zpgf9c2nm": {"stop": {"label": "1798", "in": {"year": "1798"}}, "start": {"label": "1660", "in": {"year": "1660"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "The Restoration and the Eighteenth Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Restoration and the Eighteenth Century"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/895860433", "locator": "Volume 1, page 1303"}, "id": "p0zpgf9c2nm", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zpgf95vjc": {"stop": {"label": "1832", "in": {"year": "1832"}}, "start": {"label": "1798", "in": {"year": "1798"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "note": "Following the common usage of historians of English literature, we will denote by the “Romantic period” the span between the year 1798, in which Wordsworth and Coleridge published their Lyrical Ballads, and 1832, when Sir Walter Scott died, when other major writers of the earlier century were either dead or no longer productive, and when the passage of the first Reform Bill, after more than three decades of political stagnation and repression, inaugurated the Victorian era of cautious readjustment of political power to conform to the economic and social realities of a new industrial age (Volume 2, page 1).", "label": "The Romantic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Romantic Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/895860433", "locator": "Volume 2, page 1"}, "id": "p0zpgf95vjc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zpgf9mztd": {"stop": {"label": "1901", "in": {"year": "1901"}}, "start": {"label": "1832", "in": {"year": "1832"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "The Victorian Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Victorian Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/895860433", "locator": "Volume 2, page 727"}, "id": "p0zpgf9mztd", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0zpgf9qtpt": {"stop": {"label": "1960", "in": {"year": "1960"}}, "start": {"label": "1890", "in": {"year": "1890"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "The Twentieth Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Stop is inferred from latest work (Ted Hughes: Relic) in this volume (p. 1954). ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Twentieth Century", "1890 to the Present"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/895860433", "locator": "Volume 2, page 1373"}, "id": "p0zpgf9qtpt", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0xkgmr": {"id": "p0xkgmr", "source": {"contributors": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/5377722399#Person/abrams_meyer_howard", "name": "Meyer Howard Abrams"}, {"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/5377722399#Person/greenblatt_stephen", "name": "Stephen Greenblatt"}], "creators": [], "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894969754", "title": "The Norton anthology of English literature", "yearPublished": "2013"}, "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0xkgmrrqrr": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1830"}, "label": "1830"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "The Victorian Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Victorian Age"]}, "source": {"locator": "Volume 2, page 533", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894969754"}, "id": "p0xkgmrrqrr", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zpgf9mztd"]}, "p0xkgmrbb3m": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "The Early Seventeenth Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Early Seventeenth Century"]}, "source": {"locator": "Volume 1, page 637", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894969754"}, "id": "p0xkgmrbb3m", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zpgf94kqj"]}, "p0xkgmrm3m2": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "ca. 1485"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0658", "latestYear": "0680"}, "label": "ca. 658-680"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "note": "The works covered in this section of the anthology encompass a period of more than eight hundred years, from Caedmon’s Hymn at the end of the seventh century to Everyman at the beginning of the sixteenth. The date 1485, the year of the accession of Henry VII and the beginning of the Tudor dynasty, is an arbitrary but convenient one to mark the “end” of the Middle Ages in England. (p. 4)", "label": "The Middle Ages", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Middle Ages"]}, "source": {"locator": "Volume 1, page 4", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894969754"}, "id": "p0xkgmrm3m2", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zpgf9w94b"]}, "p0xkgmrjmp3": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "2006"}, "label": "2006"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1899"}, "label": "1899"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Empire", "label": "The Twentieth Century and After", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Twentieth Century and After"]}, "source": {"locator": "Volume 2, pages 983-985", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894969754"}, "id": "p0xkgmrjmp3", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zpgf9qtpt"]}, "p0xkgmr3brp": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1832"}, "label": "1832"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1785"}, "label": "1785"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "note": "The Romantic period … is, tellingly, demarcated differently than any of the other eras that literary historians and anthologists include in their timelines. By convention, the boundaries delimiting those other epochs are either set by the regions of monarchs … or conceptualized as coinciding with the openings and closings of centuries … The date usually serving as the terminus of the Romantic age, 1832, represents a contrast to this pattern, strongly associated as it is with a signal political event, the first major reform of the British Parliament. A diverse range of dates have been identified as marking off the beginning of the Romantic period, but, almost always, each of these, too is associated with an event of tremendous political and social impact. (Volume 2, pages 3–4)", "label": "The Romantic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Romantic Period"]}, "source": {"locator": "Volume 2, page 3", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894969754"}, "id": "p0xkgmr3brp", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zpgf95vjc"]}, "p0xkgmrhmfr": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1785"}, "label": "1785"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1660"}, "label": "1660"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "The Restoration and The Eighteenth Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Restoration and The Eighteenth Century"]}, "source": {"locator": "Volume 1, page 931", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894969754"}, "id": "p0xkgmrhmfr", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zpgf9c2nm"]}, "p0xkgmrb2r6": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1485"}, "label": "1485"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27", "label": "Republic of Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "British Isles", "label": "The Sixteenth Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Sixteenth Century"]}, "source": {"locator": "Volume 1, page 349", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894969754"}, "id": "p0xkgmrb2r6", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0zpgf9g5s8"]}}}, "p053rvt": {"id": "p053rvt", "source": {"citation": "L. Clare - B. Weninger,  The Dispersal of Neolithic Lifeways: Absolute Chronology and Rapid Climate Change, in: M. Özdoğan, N. Başgelen, P. Kuniholm (Eds.), Neolithic in Turkey, Vol 6: 10500-5200 BC: Environment settlement, flora, fauna, dating, symbols of belief, with views from north, south, east, and west (Istanbul 2014), 1–65.", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "creators": [{"name": "L. Clare"}, {"name": "B. Weninger"}], "title": "The Dispersal of Neolithic Lifeways: Absolute Chronology and Rapid Climate Change", "yearPublished": "2014"}, "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p053rvtksmf": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-6599", "latestYear": "-6499"}, "label": "6600/6500BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "7000BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Early Pottery Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Pottery Neolithic", "EPN", "Early Neolithic"]}, "id": "p053rvtksmf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p053rvtmjd3": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-5999", "latestYear": "-5799"}, "label": "6000/5800BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-6599", "latestYear": "-6499"}, "label": "6600/6500BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Late Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic"]}, "id": "p053rvtmjd3", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0tsmch": {"id": "p0tsmch", "source": {"citation": "Tomkins, P.,  Neolithic: Strata IX–VII, VII–VIB, VIA–V, IV, IIIB, IIIA, IIB, IIA and IC Groups,  British School at Athens Studies, Vol. 14, Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan) (2007), pp. 9-48, 1-2.", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "creators": [{"name": "P. Tomkins"}], "title": "Neolithic: Strata IX–VII, VII–VIB, VIA–V, IV, IIIB, IIIA, IIB, IIA and IC Groups,  British School at Athens Studies, Vol. 14, Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan)", "yearPublished": "2007"}, "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0tsmchgsw5": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-6499", "latestYear": "-6399"}, "label": "c. 6500/6400"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "c. 7000"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Initial Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates calibrated BC; \"New Cretan Neolithic Phases\" column", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Initial Neolithic", "Stratum X"]}, "id": "p0tsmchgsw5", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0tsmchcgvt": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3899"}, "label": "c. 3900"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4199"}, "label": "c. 4200"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Final Neolithic IB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates calibrated BC; \"New Cretan Neolithic Phases\" column", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Neolithic IB", "Stratum IIIA; Strata C, B"]}, "id": "p0tsmchcgvt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0tsmchzgww": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3599"}, "label": "c. 3600"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3899"}, "label": "c. 3900"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Final Neolithic II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Neolithic II", "Stratum IIB"]}, "id": "p0tsmchzgww", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0tsmch8t4j": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-5899"}, "label": "c. 5900"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-6499", "latestYear": "-6399"}, "label": "c. 6500/6400"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Early Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates calibrated BC; \"New Cretan Neolithic Phases\" column", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic", "Strata IX-VIII"]}, "id": "p0tsmch8t4j", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0tsmchtjv8": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "c. 3300"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3599"}, "label": "c. 3600"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Final Neolithic III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates calibrated BC; \"New Cretan Neolithic Phases\" column", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Neolithic III", "Stratum IIA"]}, "id": "p0tsmchtjv8", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0tsmchdqgm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-5299"}, "label": "c. 5300"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-5899"}, "label": "c. 5900"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Middle Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates calibrated BC; \"New Cretan Neolithic Phases\" column", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic", "Strata VII-VIB; Stratum P"]}, "id": "p0tsmchdqgm", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0tsmchxd5x": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-4199"}, "label": "c. 4200"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4499", "latestYear": "-4399"}, "label": "c. 4500/4400"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Final Neolithic IA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates calibrated BC; \"New Cretan Neolithic Phases\" column", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Neolithic IA", "Stratum IIIB; Strata F, E, D"]}, "id": "p0tsmchxd5x", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0tsmchhd9g": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "c. 3000"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "c. 3300"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Final Neolithic IV", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates calibrated BC; \"New Cretan Neolithic Phases\" column", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Neolithic IV", "Stratum IC"]}, "id": "p0tsmchhd9g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0tsmchp2qj": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4499", "latestYear": "-4399"}, "label": "c. 4500/4400"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4899"}, "label": "c. 4900"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Late Neolithic II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates calibrated BC; \"New Cretan Neolithic Phases\" column", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic II", "Stratum IV; Strata K, H, G"]}, "id": "p0tsmchp2qj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0tsmchvwxn": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-4899"}, "label": "c. 4900"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-5299"}, "label": "c. 5300"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Late Neolithic I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates calibrated BC; \"New Cretan Neolithic Phases\" column", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic I", "Strata VIB-V; Strata N, M, L"]}, "id": "p0tsmchvwxn", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0qv6m8": {"editorialNote": "The DEFC collection includes periods derived from different bibliographic resources as they are used within the Digitizing Early Farming Cultures (DEFC) online database.", "id": "p0qv6m8", "source": {"citation": "Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) - Digitizing Early Farming Cultures (DEFC). 2014-2017.<https://defc.acdh.oeaw.ac.at>", "contributors": [{"name": "Anatolian Aegean Prehistoric Phenomena (AAPP)"}], "creators": [{"name": "Institut für Orientalische und Europäische Archäologie (OREA)"}, {"name": "Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW)"}], "title": "Digitizing Early Farming Cultures (DEFC)", "url": "https://defc.acdh.oeaw.ac.at", "yearPublished": "2017"}, "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0qv6m8b8vh": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2449"}, "label": "2500/2450BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2699", "latestYear": "-2649"}, "label": "2700/2650BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Helladic IIa (Lerna III A-B)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic IIa (Lerna III A-B)", "Early Helladic IIa", "Lerna III A-B"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8b8vh", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8zbcv": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-3199", "latestYear": "-3099"}, "label": "3200/3100BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades, Thessaly, Macedonia, Thrace", "label": "Chalcolithic Late", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from: Reingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008); \nTsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. \nand\nAlram-Stern, E., A. Dousougli-Zachos, Die deutschen Ausgrabungen 1941 auf der Visviki-Magula/Velestino. Die neolithischen Befunde und Funde. Mit Beiträgen von Maximilian Bergner, † Franz Bertsch, Caroline Dürauer, Alfred Galik, Helmut Kroll, Areti Pentedeka, Ernst Pernicka, Gunter Schöbel, Kostas Zachos. Beiträge zur ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 36 (Bonn 2015) 92.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chalcolithic Late", "Final Neolithic (Late)", "Chalcolithic"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8zbcv", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8hfkj": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2749"}, "label": "2750BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Early Bronze Age I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from: \nT. Efe, Demircihüyük III.2. Die Keramik 2. C. Die Frühbronzezeitliche Keramik der jüngeren Phasen (ab Phase H) (Mainz 1988), 117, Abb. 98.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age I"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8hfkj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m88rhq": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2449"}, "label": "2500/2450BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Thessaly", "label": "Early Thessalian IIb", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Thessalian IIb", "Early Helladic IIb ", "Early Thessalian IIb (Argissa III, Pevkakia 7 Middle-late)"]}, "id": "p0qv6m88rhq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8qw8k": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Thessaly", "label": "Early Thessalian I (Petromagula-Phase)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Thessalian I (Petromagula-Phase)", "Early Thessalian I", "Petromagula-Phase"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8qw8k", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8828g": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2449"}, "label": "2500/2450BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Cycladic IIb (Kastri Group)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cycladic IIb (Kastri Group)"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8828g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m88wqj": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Thessaly", "label": "Middle Thessalian I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Thessalian I", "Early Helladic III", "Middle Thessalian I (Argissa MTh Building phases 1-3, Pevkakia Middle Thessalian Phases 1-3)", "Argissa MTh Building phases 1-3", "Pevkakia Middle Thessalian Phases 1-3"]}, "id": "p0qv6m88wqj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8fb5r": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age I (Sitagroi IV, Dikili Tash IIIA, Pentapolis I)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age I (Sitagroi IV, Dikili Tash IIIA, Pentapolis I)", "Early Bronze Age I", "Sitagroi IV", "Dikili Tash IIIA", "Pentapolis I"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8fb5r", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m86wwk": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "7000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-8799", "latestYear": "-8599"}, "label": "8800/8600BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Anatolia", "label": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nO. Aurenche, J. Cauvin, M.-C. Cauvin , I. Copeland, F. Hours, P.  Sanlaville, Chronologie et organisation de l’espace dans le Proche-Orient de 12 000 à 5 600 avant J.-C. In : Cauvin J. et Sanlaville P. (éd.), Préhistoire du Levant, (Paris 1981), 571–601 and M. Özdoğan, N. Başgelen, P. Kuniholm (Eds.), Neolithic in Turkey, Vol 6: The Euprates Basin, (Istanbul 2011), 281.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic B"]}, "id": "p0qv6m86wwk", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8k3kd": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4599", "latestYear": "-4499"}, "label": "4600/4500BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades, Thessaly, Macedonia, Thrace", "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. \nand\nAlram-Stern, E., A. Dousougli-Zachos, Die deutschen Ausgrabungen 1941 auf der Visviki-Magula/Velestino. Die neolithischen Befunde und Funde. Mit Beiträgen von Maximilian Bergner, † Franz Bertsch, Caroline Dürauer, Alfred Galik, Helmut Kroll, Areti Pentedeka, Ernst Pernicka, Gunter Schöbel, Kostas Zachos. Beiträge zur ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 36 (Bonn 2015) 92.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chalcolithic", "Final Neolithic", "Rachmani"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8k3kd", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m86g6j": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-6499"}, "label": "6500BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "7000BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades, Crete", "label": "Aceramic Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from: \nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008) and\nEvans 1964: J. D. Evans, Excavations in the Neolithic Settlement at Knossos, 1957-60, BSA 59, 1964, 132–240; Vagnetti - Belli 1978: L. Vagnetti - P. Belli, Characters and Problems of the Final Neolithic in Crete, Studi Micenei ed Egeo-anatolici 19, 1978, 125-163.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Aceramic Neolithic"]}, "id": "p0qv6m86g6j", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8pnvk": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2399"}, "label": "2400BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2999", "latestYear": "-2949"}, "label": "3000/2950BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Western Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age I (Servia Phase 8, Mandalo III, Armenochori VII)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age I (Servia Phase 8, Mandalo III, Armenochori VII)", "Early Bronze Age I", "Servia Phase 8", "Mandalo III", "Armenochori VII"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8pnvk", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8x2zm": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Late Chalcolithic (4000-3500)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nU.-D. Schoop, Das anatolische Chalkolithikum. Eine chronologische Untersuchung zur vorbronzezeitlichen Kultursequenz im nördlichen Zentralanatolien und den angrenzenden Gebieten, Urgeschichtliche Studien 1 (Großschönau 2005).  ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Chalcolithic (4000-3500)"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8x2zm", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8mkww": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age I/II (Sitagroi Va, Dikili Tash IIIB)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age I/II (Sitagroi Va, Dikili Tash IIIB)", "Early Bronze Age I/II", "Sitagroi Va", "Dikili Tash IIIB"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8mkww", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8vh8m": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Helladic I Late (Eutresis IV, Talioti)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic I Late (Eutresis IV, Talioti)", "Early Helladic I Late", "Eutresis IV", "Talioti"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8vh8m", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8c2ks": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4249"}, "label": "4250BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Late Chalcolithic (4250-4000)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nU.-D. Schoop, Das anatolische Chalkolithikum. Eine chronologische Untersuchung zur vorbronzezeitlichen Kultursequenz im nördlichen Zentralanatolien und den angrenzenden Gebieten, Urgeschichtliche Studien 1 (Großschönau 2005).  ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Chalcolithic (4250-4000)"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8c2ks", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8c8b9": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-5999", "latestYear": "-5799"}, "label": "6000/5800BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-6499"}, "label": "6500BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades, Thessaly, Macedonia, Thrace", "label": "Early Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from: \nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  \nTsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. \nand\nAlram-Stern, E., A. Dousougli-Zachos, Die deutschen Ausgrabungen 1941 auf der Visviki-Magula/Velestino. Die neolithischen Befunde und Funde. Mit Beiträgen von Maximilian Bergner, † Franz Bertsch, Caroline Dürauer, Alfred Galik, Helmut Kroll, Areti Pentedeka, Ernst Pernicka, Gunter Schöbel, Kostas Zachos. Beiträge zur ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 36 (Bonn 2015) 92.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic", "Protosesklo"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8c8b9", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8bk8s": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age II Late (Sitagroi Vb)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age II Late (Sitagroi Vb)", "Early Bronze Age II Late", "Sitagroi Vb"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8bk8s", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8whcq": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Early Bronze Age III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nT. Efe, Demircihüyük III.2. Die Keramik 2. C. Die Frühbronzezeitliche Keramik der jüngeren Phasen (ab Phase H) (Mainz 1988), 117, Abb. 98.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age III"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8whcq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8s2f9": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Thessaly", "label": "Early Thessalian I Late (Argissa I, Pevkakia 1-3)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Thessalian I Late (Argissa I, Pevkakia 1-3)", "Early Thessalian I Late", "Argissa I", "Pevkakia 1-3"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8s2f9", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m84rxd": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age III (Pentapolis II)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age III (Pentapolis II)", "Early Bronze Age III", "Pentapolis II"]}, "id": "p0qv6m84rxd", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8qvrg": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2749"}, "label": "2750BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Early Bronze Age II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from: \nT. Efe, Demircihüyük III.2. Die Keramik 2. C. Die Frühbronzezeitliche Keramik der jüngeren Phasen (ab Phase H) (Mainz 1988), 117, Abb. 98.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age II"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8qvrg", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8cjgj": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4499", "latestYear": "-4299"}, "label": "4500/4300BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4899"}, "label": "4900BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Early Neolithic II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nEvans 1964: J. D. Evans, Excavations in the Neolithic Settlement at Knossos, 1957-60, BSA 59, 1964, 132–240; Vagnetti - Belli 1978: L. Vagnetti - P. Belli, Characters and Problems of the Final Neolithic in Crete, Studi Micenei ed Egeo-anatolici 19, 1978, 125-163.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic II"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8cjgj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8t5bd": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3699"}, "label": "3700BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Final Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nEvans 1964: J. D. Evans, Excavations in the Neolithic Settlement at Knossos, 1957-60, BSA 59, 1964, 132–240; Vagnetti - Belli 1978: L. Vagnetti - P. Belli, Characters and Problems of the Final Neolithic in Crete, Studi Micenei ed Egeo-anatolici 19, 1978, 125-163.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Neolithic"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8t5bd", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8mh56": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Thessaly", "label": "Early Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8mh56", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8gfj2": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-8799", "latestYear": "-8599"}, "label": "8800/8600BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-10199", "latestYear": "-9999"}, "label": "10200/10000BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Anatolia", "label": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic A", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\n O. Aurenche, J. Cauvin, M.-C. Cauvin , I. Copeland, F. Hours, P. Sanlaville, Chronologie et organisation de l’espace dans le Proche-Orient de 12 000 à 5 600 avant J.-C. In: Cauvin J. et Sanlaville P.\n(éd.), Préhistoire du Levant, (Paris 1981), 571–601\nand\nM. Özdoğan, N. Başgelen, P. Kuniholm (Eds.), Neolithic in Turkey, Vol 6: The Euphrates Basin, (Istanbul 2011), 281.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic A"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8gfj2", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m86ncb": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Helladic I (Eutresis III, Perachora X)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic I (Eutresis III, Perachora X)", "Early Helladic I", "Eutresis III", "Perachora X"]}, "id": "p0qv6m86ncb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8r395": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Helladic III (Lerna IV)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic III (Lerna IV)", "Early Helladic III", "Lerna IV"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8r395", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m85m6c": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Early Minoan Ib", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nD. Wilson, Early Prepalatial (EM I-EM II): EM I Well, West Court House, North-East Magazines and South Front Groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 49-77. Momigliano 2007: N. Momigliano, Late Prepalatial (EM III-MM IA): South Front House Foundation Trench, Upper East Well and House C / RRS Fill groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 79-103.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Minoan Ib"]}, "id": "p0qv6m85m6c", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m87t4r": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age II (Kritsana III-V, Kastanas 28-24)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age II (Kritsana III-V, Kastanas 28-24)", "Early Bronze Age II", "Kritsana III-V", "Kastanas 28-24"]}, "id": "p0qv6m87t4r", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8kbx6": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-4249"}, "label": "4250BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-5499"}, "label": "5500BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Middle Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nU.-D. Schoop, Das anatolische Chalkolithikum. Eine chronologische Untersuchung zur vorbronzezeitlichen Kultursequenz im nördlichen Zentralanatolien und den angrenzenden Gebieten, Urgeschichtliche Studien 1 (Großschönau 2005).  ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Chalcolithic"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8kbx6", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8bxnn": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-5499"}, "label": "5500BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "6000BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Early Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nU.-D. Schoop, Das anatolische Chalkolithikum. Eine chronologische Untersuchung zur vorbronzezeitlichen Kultursequenz im nördlichen Zentralanatolien und den angrenzenden Gebieten, Urgeschichtliche Studien 1 (Großschönau 2005).  ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Chalcolithic"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8bxnn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m865cp": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Early Minoan III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nD. Wilson, Early Prepalatial (EM I-EM II): EM I Well, West Court House, North-East Magazines and South Front Groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 49-77. Momigliano 2007: N. Momigliano, Late Prepalatial (EM III-MM IA): South Front House Foundation Trench, Upper East Well and House C / RRS Fill groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 79-103.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Minoan III"]}, "id": "p0qv6m865cp", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8pghb": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4899", "latestYear": "-4799"}, "label": "4900/4800BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-5399"}, "label": "5400BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades, Thessaly, Macedonia, Thrace", "label": "Late Neolithic I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  \nTsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. \nand\nAlram-Stern, E., A. Dousougli-Zachos, Die deutschen Ausgrabungen 1941 auf der Visviki-Magula/Velestino. Die neolithischen Befunde und Funde. Mit Beiträgen von Maximilian Bergner, † Franz Bertsch, Caroline Dürauer, Alfred Galik, Helmut Kroll, Areti Pentedeka, Ernst Pernicka, Gunter Schöbel, Kostas Zachos. Beiträge zur ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 36 (Bonn 2015) 92.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic I", "Late Neolithic (Early)", "Tsangli-Arapi", "Balkan Middle Neolithic"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8pghb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8q6nn": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2399"}, "label": "2400BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Western Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age II Late-Early Helladic III (Servia Phases 9, 10)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age II Late-Early Helladic III (Servia Phases 9, 10)", "Early Bronze Age II Late-Early Helladic III", "Servia Phases 9, 10"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8q6nn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8sxjn": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age I (Kritsana I/II)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age I (Kritsana I/II)", "Early Bronze Age I", "Kritsana I/II"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8sxjn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m822z3": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-4899"}, "label": "4900BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-6499"}, "label": "6500BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Early Neolithic I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nEvans 1964: J. D. Evans, Excavations in the Neolithic Settlement at Knossos, 1957-60, BSA 59, 1964, 132–240; Vagnetti - Belli 1978: L. Vagnetti - P. Belli, Characters and Problems of the Final Neolithic in Crete, Studi Micenei ed Egeo-anatolici 19, 1978, 125-163.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic I"]}, "id": "p0qv6m822z3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8np9v": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-1999", "latestYear": "-1899"}, "label": "2000/1900BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2299", "latestYear": "-2099"}, "label": "2300/2100BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Western Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age III (Archontiko)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age III (Archontiko)", "Middle Helladic"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8np9v", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8vqnf": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3099"}, "label": "3100BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Early Minoan Ia", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nD. Wilson, Early Prepalatial (EM I-EM II): EM I Well, West Court House, North-East Magazines and South Front Groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 49-77. Momigliano 2007: N. Momigliano, Late Prepalatial (EM III-MM IA): South Front House Foundation Trench, Upper East Well and House C / RRS Fill groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 79-103.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Minoan Ia"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8vqnf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8v27x": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Cycladic I Late (Kampos Group)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cycladic I Late (Kampos Group)"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8v27x", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8v22g": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Cycladic III (Phylakopi I)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cycladic III (Phylakopi I)", "Early Cycladic III", "Phylakopi I"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8v22g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8hsqb": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2449"}, "label": "2500/2450BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Early Minoan IIb", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nD. Wilson, Early Prepalatial (EM I-EM II): EM I Well, West Court House, North-East Magazines and South Front Groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 49-77. Momigliano 2007: N. Momigliano, Late Prepalatial (EM III-MM IA): South Front House Foundation Trench, Upper East Well and House C / RRS Fill groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 79-103.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Minoan IIb"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8hsqb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m83jh3": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Macedonia", "label": "Early Bronze Age III (Kritsana V, VI, Kastanas 22b)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age III (Kritsana V, VI, Kastanas 22b)", "Early Bronze Age III", "Kritsana V, VI", "Kastanas 22b"]}, "id": "p0qv6m83jh3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8s24m": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Helladic I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from: \nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic I"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8s24m", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8k93s": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-3699"}, "label": "3700BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4499", "latestYear": "-4299"}, "label": "4500/4300BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Late Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nEvans 1964: J. D. Evans, Excavations in the Neolithic Settlement at Knossos, 1957-60, BSA 59, 1964, 132–240; Vagnetti - Belli 1978: L. Vagnetti - P. Belli, Characters and Problems of the Final Neolithic in Crete, Studi Micenei ed Egeo-anatolici 19, 1978, 125-163.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8k93s", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8n7wj": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-2149"}, "label": "2200/2150BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2449"}, "label": "2500/2450BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Helladic IIb (Lerna III C-D)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Helladic IIb (Lerna III C-D)", "Early Helladic IIb", "Lerna III C-D"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8n7wj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8xnnc": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2449"}, "label": "2500/2450BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Thessaly", "label": "Early Thessalian IIa", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nAlram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Thessalian IIa", "Early Helladic IIa", "Early Thessalian IIa (Argissa II, Pevkakia 4-7 Early)", "Argissa II", "Pevkakia 4-7 Early"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8xnnc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m84gtf": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2449"}, "label": "2500/2450BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-2699"}, "label": "2700BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crete", "label": "Early Minoan IIa", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nD. Wilson, Early Prepalatial (EM I-EM II): EM I Well, West Court House, North-East Magazines and South Front Groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 49-77. Momigliano 2007: N. Momigliano, Late Prepalatial (EM III-MM IA): South Front House Foundation Trench, Upper East Well and House C / RRS Fill groups, in: N. Momigliano. Knossos Pottery Handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan), London 2007, 79-103.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Minoan IIa"]}, "id": "p0qv6m84gtf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8crbw": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4599", "latestYear": "-4499"}, "label": "4600/4500BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-4799"}, "label": "4800BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades, Thessaly, Macedonia, Thrace", "label": "Late Neolithic II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. \nand\nAlram-Stern, E., A. Dousougli-Zachos, Die deutschen Ausgrabungen 1941 auf der Visviki-Magula/Velestino. Die neolithischen Befunde und Funde. Mit Beiträgen von Maximilian Bergner, † Franz Bertsch, Caroline Dürauer, Alfred Galik, Helmut Kroll, Areti Pentedeka, Ernst Pernicka, Gunter Schöbel, Kostas Zachos. Beiträge zur ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 36 (Bonn 2015) 92.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic II", "Late Neolithic (Late)", "Dimini"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8crbw", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m84rht": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2899"}, "label": "2900BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-3299", "latestYear": "-3099"}, "label": "3300/3100BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Cycladic I (Pelos Group, Plastiras Group)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cycladic I (Pelos Group, Plastiras Group)"]}, "id": "p0qv6m84rht", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m85ktf": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-5399"}, "label": "5400BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-5799"}, "label": "5800BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades, Thessaly, Macedonia, Thrace", "label": "Middle Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. \nand\nAlram-Stern, E., A. Dousougli-Zachos, Die deutschen Ausgrabungen 1941 auf der Visviki-Magula/Velestino. Die neolithischen Befunde und Funde. Mit Beiträgen von Maximilian Bergner, † Franz Bertsch, Caroline Dürauer, Alfred Galik, Helmut Kroll, Areti Pentedeka, Ernst Pernicka, Gunter Schöbel, Kostas Zachos. Beiträge zur ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 36 (Bonn 2015) 92.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic", "Sesklo"]}, "id": "p0qv6m85ktf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0qv6m8m2p8": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2449"}, "label": "2500/2450BC"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-2699", "latestYear": "-2649"}, "label": "2700/2650BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Peloponnese, Central Greece, Epirus-Northwestern Greece, Ionian Islands, Western Greece, Cyclades", "label": "Early Cycladic IIa (Keros-Syros Group)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from:\nReingruber, A., Die Argissa-Magula II. Das frühe und beginnende mittlere Neolithikum im Lichte transägäischer Beziehungen, Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie des Mittelmeer-Kulturraumes 35 (Bonn 2008);  Tsirtsoni, Z., Concluding remarks, in: Z. Tsirtsoni (ed.), The Human Face of Radiocarbon. Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC., 453-464. Alram-Stern 2004, Die ägäische Frühzeit. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cycladic IIa (Keros-Syros Group)"]}, "id": "p0qv6m8m2p8", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0rgttc": {"id": "p0rgttc", "source": {"citation": "U.-D. Schoop, B. A. Greiner, Das anatolische Chalkolithikum. Eine chronologische Untersuchung zur vorbronzezeitlichen Kultursequenz im nördlichen Zentralanatolien und den angrenzenden Gebieten, Urgeschichtliche Studien 1 (Großschönau 2005).  ", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "creators": [{"name": "U.-D. Schoop"}, {"name": "B. A. Greiner"}], "title": "Das anatolische Chalkolithikum. Eine chronologische Untersuchung zur vorbronzezeitlichen Kultursequenz im nördlichen Zentralanatolien und den angrenzenden Gebieten", "yearPublished": "2005"}, "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0rgttc3pw2": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000BC"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-3499"}, "label": "3500BC"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Turkey and Eastern Aegean", "label": "Chalkolithikum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Chalkolithikum"], "en": ["Late Chalcolithic ", "Late Chalcolithic (3500-3000)"]}, "id": "p0rgttc3pw2", "languageTag": "de"}}}, "p0rc4w7": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"creators": [{"name": "Fawzi Abudanh"}], "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "title": "Settlement patterns and military organisation in the region of Udhruh (Southern Jordan) in the Roman and Byzantine periods", "url": "http://hdl.handle.net/10443/232", "yearPublished": "2006", "citation": "F. Abudanh. Settlement Patterns and Military Organization in the Region of Udruh (Southern\nJordan) in the Roman and Byzantine Periods I–Ii. PhD thesis. Newcastle upon Tyne:\nUniversity of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2006."}, "id": "p0rc4w7", "periods": {"p0rc4w79x98": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0834", "latestYear": "0867"}, "label": "mid 9th century AD"}, "start": {"label": "636", "in": {"year": "0636"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Udhruh (Southern Jordan)", "note": "\"By the mid-seventh century (636) a new era commenced in the region of the Levant.\" (page 222)  ", "label": "Early Islamic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Islamic Period", "Umayyad and Abbasid"]}, "id": "p0rc4w79x98", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0rc4w75rs7": {"stop": {"label": "AD 106 ", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "start": {"label": "by the first century B.C.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0311", "latestYear": "-0099"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Udhruh (Southern Jordan)", "note": "\"The Nabataean presence in southern Jordan is indisputably attested in the accounts of Greek and Roman sources as early as 312 B.C.\" (page 9) \n\n\"It is commonly agreed that by the first century B.C. at least, Nabateans had permanent settlements in Edom and throughout most of modern Jordan.\" (page 201) \n\n\"The rest of the country will have remained under the Nabataean control, as part of their kingdom, until AD 106 when Trajan's troops subdued Petra and what was a Nabataean realm became the Roman province of Arabia.\" (page 208)\n\n\"Thus, the size and number of sites occupied during the Nabataean period in the study area is significant, specially when compared with previous settlements, and after the tangible gap in human settlement through the Persian and Hellenistic periods.\" (page 202)", "label": "Nabatean Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Start dates are derived from earliest attested presence of Nabateans and the latest agreed-upon possible date. End date is derived from the beginning of the Roman period.\n\nAuthor mentions a Hellenistic period in connection to the Nabatean period but omits any distinct period of Greek/Hellenistic dominance in the chronology. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nabatean Period"]}, "id": "p0rc4w75rs7", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0rc4w7nnbp": {"stop": {"label": "15th century AD", "in": {"earliestYear": "1400", "latestYear": "1499"}}, "start": {"label": "middle 9th century AD", "in": {"earliestYear": "0833", "latestYear": "0866"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Udhruh (Southern Jordan)", "label": "Middle Islamic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Islamic Period"]}, "id": "p0rc4w7nnbp", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0rc4w7hs7x": {"stop": {"label": "1918", "in": {"year": "1918"}}, "start": {"label": "1516", "in": {"year": "1516"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Udhruh (Southern Jordan)", "note": "\"By the first half of the 16th century, the entire region of Greater Syria and Egypt came under the Ottoman rule. In 1516 Jordan was taken over following the defeat of Mamluk governor of Aleppo.\" (page 229)\n\n\"For the rest four [sic] centuries (until 1918), the country remained under the Ottoman political and administrative systems.\" (page 229)", "label": "Late Islamic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Islamic Period", "Ottoman "]}, "id": "p0rc4w7hs7x", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0rc4w7dzj8": {"stop": {"label": "636", "in": {"year": "0636"}}, "start": {"label": "324", "in": {"year": "0324"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Udhruh (Southern Jordan)", "note": "\"The end of this period in the East, particularly in the Levant, is\nwell established and commonly dated to the year AD 636 when the Muslim army\ndefeated a Byzantine force near the River Yarmuk in northwest Jordan.\" (page 215)", "label": "Byzantine period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine period"]}, "id": "p0rc4w7dzj8", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0rc4w7mg6z": {"stop": {"label": "1918", "in": {"year": "1918"}}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1701", "latestYear": "1800"}, "label": "18th century "}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Udhruh (Southern Jordan)", "note": "\"18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries\" (page 231)\n\n", "label": "Late Ottoman period ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "End date is derived from end of Ottoman period in 1918. (page 229)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Ottoman period "]}, "id": "p0rc4w7mg6z", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0rc4w75sr6": {"stop": {"label": "-538", "in": {"year": "-0538"}}, "start": {"label": "-1199", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Udhruh (Southern Jordan)", "label": "Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age", "Edomite Period, Iron II"]}, "id": "p0rc4w75sr6", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0rc4w7b353": {"stop": {"label": "-331", "in": {"year": "-0331"}}, "start": {"label": "-538", "in": {"year": "-0538"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Udhruh (Southern Jordan)", "label": "Persian Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Persian Period"]}, "id": "p0rc4w7b353", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0rc4w7rwp5": {"stop": {"label": "324", "in": {"year": "0324"}}, "start": {"label": "106", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Udhruh (Southern Jordan)", "label": "Roman period: Provincia Arabia", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "The Roman period encompasses the period \"Third century and the Tetrarch period.\" The 324 C.E. end date is the beginning of the Byzantine period. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman period: Provincia Arabia"]}, "id": "p0rc4w7rwp5", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0fk6s4": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802950569", "title": "Chronologies in old world archaeology", "yearPublished": "1992", "creators": [], "contributors": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/53966443#Person/ehrich_robert_w", "name": "Robert W. Ehrich"}]}, "id": "p0fk6s4", "editorialNote": "Periods are from Chapter Two, \"The Periodization of Palestine from Neolithic through Early Bronze Times\" by Lawrence E. Stager. ", "periods": {"p0fk6s43365": {"stop": {"label": "7300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-7299"}}, "start": {"label": "8500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-8499"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "note": "\"We have reluctantly retained the somewhat awkward and misleading nomenclature 'Pre-Pottery' and 'Pottery' Neolithic because of established usage.\" (page 24)", "label": "PPNA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["PPNA", "Pre-Pottery Neolithic A", "Khiamian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802950569", "locator": "page 23"}, "id": "p0fk6s43365", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fk6s47r4c": {"stop": {"label": "6300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-6299"}}, "start": {"label": "7300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-7299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "note": "\"We have reluctantly retained the somewhat awkward and misleading nomenclature 'Pre-Pottery' and 'Pottery' Neolithic because of established usage.\" (page 24)", "label": "PPNB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Stager notes a highly debated gap between PPNB and the Pottery Neolithic periods. (page 24)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["PPNB", "Pre-Pottery Neolithic B"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802950569", "locator": "page 23"}, "id": "p0fk6s47r4c", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fk6s4vnzp": {"stop": {"label": "mid-fifth millennium ", "in": {"earliestYear": "-4665", "latestYear": "-4332"}}, "start": {"label": "early sixth millennium", "in": {"earliestYear": "-5998", "latestYear": "-5665"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "note": "\"We have reluctantly retained the somewhat awkward and misleading nomenclature 'Pre-Pottery' and 'Pottery' Neolithic because of established usage.\" (page 24)", "label": "Pottery Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Stager notes a highly debated gap between PPNB and the Pottery Neolithic periods. (page 24)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pottery Neolithic"]}, "id": "p0fk6s4vnzp", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fk6s42ghf": {"stop": {"label": "ca. 3500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-3499"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 4000 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-3999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "note": "\"What we have just summarized pertains to the latter part of the period, which came to an end probably ca. 3500 B.C., a CRD terminus based on radiocarbon dates (I-353, I-285, I-1341) from Nahal Mishmar and the initial phase of EB I, which was contemporary with the Early Gerzean, or Naqada II, of Egypt.\" (page 27)\n\"How much before ca. 4000 B.C. early Chalcolithic culture begins, its origin, and its relationship, if any, to the terminal Neolithic must remain unanswered questions.\" (page 27)", "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Alternate label \"Phase IA\" refers to the synopsis of \"Periodization of International Trade\" and corresponds with Amratian and Naqada I in Egypt. (page 40)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chalcolithic", "Phase IA"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802950569", "locator": "pages 26-7"}, "id": "p0fk6s42ghf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fk6s459bb": {"stop": {"label": "ca. 3100 BCE", "in": {"year": "-3099"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 3500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-3499"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "note": "\"this preurban period of EB I has been shrouded in confusing terminology, which reflects chronological uncertainty; this, in turn, has led to muddled periodization.\" (page 28)", "label": "Early Bronze I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Stager notes that the Early Bronze Age can be subdivided further and according to north/south regional variation: Early EB I (North); Early EB I (South); and Middle and Late EB; and EB I Sinae (page 31-5). He uses relative chronologies and does not propose definite periodizations for these subdivisions. On pages 28-30, he outlines scholarly debate on Early Bronze Age chronology with geographical considerations. \n\nAlternate label \"Phase IB\" comes from \"The Periodization of International Trade\" and coincides with Gerzean-Dynasty 0 and Naqada II-III in Egypt. (page 40)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze I", "EB I", "Phase IB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802950569", "locator": "page 30"}, "id": "p0fk6s459bb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fk6s4bh6s": {"stop": {"label": "ca. 2650 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-2649"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 3100 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-3099"}}, "label": "Early Bronze II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Alternate label \"Phase II\" comes from \"The Periodization of International Trade\" and coincides with Dynasties I-III in Egypt. (page 40)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze II", "EB II", " Phase II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802950569", "locator": "page 40"}, "id": "p0fk6s4bh6s", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fk6s4vqz7": {"stop": {"label": "ca. 2250 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-2249"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 2650 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-2649"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "label": "Early Bronze III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": " Alternate label \"Phase III\" comes from \"The Periodization of International Trade\" and corresponds with Dynasties IV-VI in Egypt. (page 41)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze III", "EB III", "Phase III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802950569", "locator": "page 41"}, "id": "p0fk6s4vqz7", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fk6s475tv": {"stop": {"label": "ca. 2000 (?) B.C.", "in": {"year": "-1999"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 2250 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-2249"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Palestine", "label": "EB IV/MB I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Alternate label \"Phase IV\" comes from \"The Periodization of International Trade\" and corresponds with the First Intermediate period in Egypt. (page 41)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["EB IV/MB I", "Phase IV"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/802950569", "locator": "page 41"}, "id": "p0fk6s475tv", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0dkm29": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "title": "The new encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land 4 [Petra - Ziqim].", "yearPublished": "1993", "creators": [], "contributors": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/66485349", "name": "Ephraim Stern"}]}, "id": "p0dkm29", "periods": {"p0dkm2974cv": {"stop": {"label": "1750 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1749"}}, "start": {"label": "2000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Middle Bronze Age IIA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age IIA"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm2974cv", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29hcqf": {"stop": {"label": "2700 BCE", "in": {"year": "-2699"}}, "start": {"label": "3000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-2999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Early Bronze Age II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age II"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29hcqf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29jfdh": {"stop": {"label": "638 CE", "in": {"year": "0638"}}, "start": {"label": "324 CE", "in": {"year": "0324"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Byzantine period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29jfdh", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29x68x": {"stop": {"label": "586 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0585"}}, "start": {"label": "700 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0699"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Iron Age IIC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age IIC"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29x68x", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29w665": {"stop": {"label": "332 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0331"}}, "start": {"label": "586 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0585"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Babylonian and Persian Periods", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Babylonian period and Persian period are grouped together without differentiated dates in chronological table (page 1529). ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Babylonian and Persian Periods"]}, "id": "p0dkm29w665", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29h9r7": {"stop": {"label": "1291 CE", "in": {"year": "1291"}}, "start": {"label": "1099 CE", "in": {"year": "1099"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Crusader period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Crusader period", "Ayyubid period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29h9r7", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm298kf3": {"stop": {"label": "732 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0731"}}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0799", "latestYear": "-0700"}, "label": "8th cent. BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tell Qasile", "label": "Iron IIC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates here are site-specific and do not correspond exactly to the Iron Age IIC periodization (700-586 BCE) in the general chronological table on page 1529. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron IIC"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1212"}, "id": "p0dkm298kf3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29hn4g": {"stop": {"label": "700 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0699"}}, "start": {"label": "900 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0899"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Iron Age IIB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age IIB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29hn4g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29j5bt": {"stop": {"label": "2200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-2199"}}, "start": {"label": "2700 BCE", "in": {"year": "-2699"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Early Bronze Age III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29j5bt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29shzb": {"stop": {"label": "1300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1299"}}, "start": {"label": "1400 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1399"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Late Bronze Age IIA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age IIA"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29shzb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29cb6t": {"stop": {"label": "1000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "start": {"label": "1150 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1149"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Iron Age IB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age IB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29cb6t", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29kd2h": {"stop": {"label": "about the middle of the first century CE", "in": {"year": "0050"}}, "start": {"label": "last quarter of the first century BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0024", "latestYear": "0000"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"MIDDLE NABATEAN PERIOD (ROMAN 1). Most of the architectural remains at Petra belong to the last quarter of the first century BCE to about the middle of the first century CE.\" (page 1184)", "label": "Middle Nabatean Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Nabatean Period", "Roman I"]}, "id": "p0dkm29kd2h", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29fgxj": {"stop": {"label": "70 CE", "in": {"year": "0070"}}, "start": {"label": "37 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0036"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Herodian period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Herodian period is encompassed by Early Roman period. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Herodian period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29fgxj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29ss9r": {"stop": {"label": "8,500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-8499"}}, "start": {"label": "10,800 BCE", "in": {"year": "-10799"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sinai", "label": "Natufian culture", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates for this period are specific to the Sinai and are not made explicit in the general chronological table on page 1529, which groups the Natufian under Epipaleolithic.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Natufian culture"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1385"}, "id": "p0dkm29ss9r", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29sxqc": {"stop": {"label": "1200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "1300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Late Bronze Age IIB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age IIB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29sxqc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29gmkt": {"stop": {"label": "1200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "3300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-3299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age", "Canaanite Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29gmkt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm292h4j": {"stop": {"label": "8,300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-8299"}}, "start": {"label": "18,000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-17999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Epipaleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Corresponding cultural periods are Kebaran, Geometric Kebaran, and Natufian. Corresponding Ice Age in Europe periods are end of Würm III, Würm IV, and the beginning of the Post-glacial. The geological epoch is the end of the Upper Pleistocene (Quaternary) and the beginning of the Holocene. (derived from chronological chart on page 1529)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epipaleolithic", "Mesolithic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm292h4j", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29ht3g": {"stop": {"label": "1550 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1549"}}, "start": {"label": "1750 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1749"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Middle Bronze Age IIB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age IIB"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29ht3g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm292wdr": {"stop": {"label": "106 CE", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "start": {"label": "168 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0167"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "note": "\"Aretas I, the first known Nabatean ruler, is mentioned in 2 Maccabees 5:8. He is the Arabian prince from whom the deposed High Priest Jason requested asylum in 168 BCE. He may be the Aretas, king of the Arabs, mentioned in a Nabatean inscription from Elusa. The Nabatean royal dynasty at Petra may have been founded by Erotimus (Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum, XXXIX, 5, 5-6), probably the Greek name of Aretas II, who reigned at about the end of the second century BCE. Most of the Nabatean kings who reigned in Petra from that date until the abolishment of the Nabatean kingdom in 106 CE are known.\" (page 1181)", "label": "Nabatean kingdom", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nabatean kingdom"]}, "id": "p0dkm292wdr", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm294wgs": {"stop": {"label": "1099 CE", "in": {"year": "1099"}}, "start": {"label": "638 CE", "in": {"year": "0638"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "note": "Early Arab period (Umayyad and Abbasid) (page 1529)", "label": "Early Arab Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "The Early Arab period encompasses the Umayyad period and the Abbasid period, which are not differentiated chronologically here. (page 1529)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Arab Period", "Umayyad and Abbasid"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm294wgs", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29dvdq": {"stop": {"label": "37 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0036"}}, "start": {"label": "332 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0331"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Hellenistic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29dvdq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29z2m4": {"stop": {"label": "12,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-10050"}}, "start": {"label": "15,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-13050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sharon Plain", "note": "\"The earliest of the Epipaleothic cultures is the Kebaran, to which the earliest mortars so far recovered are attributed. This culture, dated to between 20,000 and 15,000 years BP, is characterized by very small flint tools (microliths). Its later stage, characterized by an increasing number of geometrically shaped microliths (rectangles and triangles) is accordingly named the Geometric Kebaran (15,000-12,000 BCE).\" (page 1345)", "label": "Geometric Kebaran", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates here are site-specific and differ from the Sinai Geometric Kebaran (12,500 BCE - 10,900 BCE). The general chronological table on page 1529 groups the Geometric Kebaran under the Epipaleothic and does not provide distinctive dates. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Geometric Kebaran"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1345"}, "id": "p0dkm29z2m4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29q4nc": {"stop": {"label": "18,000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-17999"}}, "start": {"label": "45,000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-44999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period's cultures are subdivided into Phase I (\"Emireh,\" \"Boqer Tahtit\") (45,000 BCE - 35,000 BCE); Phase II (Ahmarian tradition) and Phase III-V (Aurignacian tradition) (35,000-18,000 BCE).\n\n The corresponding Ice Age in Europe periods are Würm III and part of Würm IV. The corresponding geological epoch is the middle of the Upper Pleistocene (Quaternary). (page 1529 chronological tables)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29q4nc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm292q3s": {"stop": {"label": "5,500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-5499"}}, "start": {"label": "8,300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-8299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Corresponding cultures are Phase A, Phase B, and Phase C. Corresponding Ice Age in Europe period is during post-glacial. Corresponding geological epoch is during Holocene. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm292q3s", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm2929sm": {"stop": {"label": "150,000 years BP", "in": {"year": "-148050"}}, "start": {"label": "300,000 years BP", "in": {"year": "-298050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sharon Plain", "label": "Acheulean  ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates here are site-specific, do not necessarily apply to this period at other sites, and are not made explicit in the general chronological table on page 1529, where the Acheulean is encompassed by the Lower Paleolithic. The Sharon Plain Acheulean differs from the Sinai Upper Acheulean (500,000-150,000 years BP). ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Acheulean  "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1344"}, "id": "p0dkm2929sm", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm295x6w": {"stop": {"label": "15,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-13050"}}, "start": {"label": "20,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-18050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "note": "\"The earliest of the Epipaleothic cultures is the Kebaran, to which the earliest mortars so far recovered are attributed. This culture, dated to between 20,000 and 15,000 years BP, is characterized by very small flint tools (microliths).\" (page 1345)", "label": "Kebaran ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "In the general chronological table on page 1529, the Kebaran is grouped under the Epipaleolithic without its own distinctive dates. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kebaran "]}, "id": "p0dkm295x6w", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29kmvv": {"stop": {"label": "586 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0585"}}, "start": {"label": "1200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age", "Israelite Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29kmvv", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29qfk4": {"stop": {"label": "1150 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1149"}}, "start": {"label": "1200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Iron Age IA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age IA"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29qfk4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm296d68": {"stop": {"label": "3000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-2999"}}, "start": {"label": "3300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-3299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Early Bronze Age IA-B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age IA-B"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm296d68", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29rd3w": {"stop": {"label": "37 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0036"}}, "start": {"label": "332 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0331"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"Aretas I, the first known Nabatean ruler, is mentioned in 2 Maccabess 5:8. He is the Arabian prince from who the deposed High Priest Jason requested asylym in 168 BCE....Most of the Nabatean kings who reigned in Petra from that date until the abolishment of the Nabatean kingdom in 106 CE are known.\" (page 1181)", "label": "Early Nabatean Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "The early Nabatean coincides with the Hellenistic, so dates are derived from dating of the Hellenistic period in the chronological table on page 1529. This period does not refer to the Nabatean kingdom (first attested in 168 BCE and abolished by Romans in 106 CE), but rather Nabatean settlement and inhabitation. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Nabatean Period", "Hellenistic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1184"}, "id": "p0dkm29rd3w", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29j944": {"stop": {"label": "3,300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-3299"}}, "start": {"label": "4,500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-4499"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Corresponding cultural periods are Early phase and Ghassulian phase (derived from chronological table on page 1529). ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chalcolithic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29j944", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm293bp7": {"stop": {"label": "1917 CE", "in": {"year": "1917"}}, "start": {"label": "1516 CE", "in": {"year": "1516"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Ottoman period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ottoman period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm293bp7", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29zwjq": {"stop": {"label": "1200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "1550 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1549"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Late Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29zwjq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm293g37": {"stop": {"label": "324 CE", "in": {"year": "0324"}}, "start": {"label": "132 CE", "in": {"year": "0132"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Late Roman period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Roman period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm293g37", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29br45": {"stop": {"label": "2200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-2199"}}, "start": {"label": "3300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-3299"}}, "label": "Early Bronze Age ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29br45", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm297tfn": {"stop": {"label": "1516 CE", "in": {"year": "1516"}}, "start": {"label": "1291 CE", "in": {"year": "1291"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Late Arab period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "The Late Arab period encompasses the Fatimid and Mameluke, which are not differentiated chronologically here. (page 1529)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Arab period", "Fatimid and Mameluke"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm297tfn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm297nr2": {"stop": {"label": "2000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1999"}}, "start": {"label": "2200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-2199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Middle Bronze Age I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age I", "EB IV-Intermediate Bronze"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm297nr2", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm299jb5": {"stop": {"label": "40,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-38050"}}, "start": {"label": "140,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-138050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sharon Plain", "label": "Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates here are site-specific, do not necessarily apply to this period at other sites, and are not made explicit in the general chronological chart on page 1529, which groups Mousterian under Middle Paleolithic. The dates for the Mousterian for the Sharon Plain differ from the Mousterian at Sefunim Cave (120,000-40,000 years BP)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mousterian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1344"}, "id": "p0dkm299jb5", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm292f42": {"stop": {"label": "132 CE", "in": {"year": "0132"}}, "start": {"label": "37 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0036"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Early Roman period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Encompasses the Herodian period, 37 BCE-70 CE (page 1529). ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Roman period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm292f42", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29wb8r": {"stop": {"label": "37 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0036"}}, "start": {"label": "167 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0166"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Late Hellenistic period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Hellenistic period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29wb8r", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29f2qn": {"stop": {"label": "167 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0166"}}, "start": {"label": "332 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0331"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Early Hellenistic period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Hellenistic period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29f2qn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29x4q9": {"stop": {"label": "45,000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-44999"}}, "start": {"label": "120,000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-119999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Corresponds to Micoquian \"pre-Aurignacian\", Yabrudian, Mousterian cultural periods; Riss-Würm, Würm I, Würm II periods in Ice Age in Europe; and the early Upper Pleistocene (Quaternary) geological epoch. (derived from chronological table on page 1529)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29x4q9", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29tdvv": {"stop": {"label": "10,900 BCE", "in": {"year": "-10899"}}, "start": {"label": "12,500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-12499"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sinai", "note": "\"On the basis of carbon-14 dates obtained from organic material from these sites, this culture is dated to about 12,500 to 10,900 BCE.\" (page 1385) ", "label": "Geometric Kebaran", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "The periodization of the Geometric Kebaran in the Sinai differs from the periodization in the Sharon Plain (15,000-12,000 BCE). The general chronological table on page 1529 groups the Geometric Kebaran under the Epipaleolithic without its own distinctive dates.  ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Geometric Kebaran"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1385"}, "id": "p0dkm29tdvv", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29dp6n": {"stop": {"label": "1400 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1399"}}, "start": {"label": "1550 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1549"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Late Bronze Age I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age I", "Canaanite Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29dp6n", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29sd62": {"stop": {"label": "4,500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-4499"}}, "start": {"label": "5,500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-5499"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Pottery Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Based on chronological table on page 1529, this period coincides with part of the post-glacial period of the Ice Age in Europe and the Holocene geological epoch. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pottery Neolithic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29sd62", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29fg52": {"stop": {"label": "1550 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1549"}}, "start": {"label": "2200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-2199"}}, "label": "Middle Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29fg52", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29msk2": {"stop": {"label": "40,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-38050"}}, "start": {"label": "120,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-118050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sefunim Cave", "label": "Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates here are site-specific, do not necessarily apply to this period at other sites, and are not made explicit in the general chronological chart on page 1529, which groups Mousterian under Middle Paleolithic. The dates for the Mousterian for the Sharon Plain (140,000-40,000 years BP) differ from these. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mousterian"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1320"}, "id": "p0dkm29msk2", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29zgnh": {"stop": {"label": "c. 150,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-148050"}}, "start": {"label": "c. 500,000 BP", "in": {"year": "-498050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sinai", "label": "Upper Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Dates here are site-specific and differ from the Acheulean for the Sharon Plain (300,000-150,000 years BP). They do not necessarily correspond to the general chronological table on page 1529, where the Upper Acheulean is encompassed by the Lower Paleolithic. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Acheulean"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1385"}, "id": "p0dkm29zgnh", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29pb75": {"stop": {"label": "thirteenth century BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1299", "latestYear": "-1200"}}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-1599", "latestYear": "-1500"}, "label": "sixteenth century BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tel Qashish", "label": "Late Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period differs from the general, non-site-specific period given in the chronological table on page 1529, where the Late Bronze Age subdivisions cover 1600-1200 BCE. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1203"}, "id": "p0dkm29pb75", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29672r": {"stop": {"label": "900 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0899"}}, "start": {"label": "1000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Iron Age IIA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age IIA"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29672r", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0dkm29jj7s": {"stop": {"label": "120,000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-119999"}}, "start": {"label": "1,000,000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-999999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Holy Land", "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Period corresponds to Abbevillean, Lower and Middle Acheulean, and Upper Acheulean cultural periods; Mindel, Mindel-Riss, and Riss periods in the Ice Age in Europe; the Middle Pleistocene (Quaternary) geological epoch. (derived from chronological table on page 1529)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/643777402", "locator": "page 1529"}, "id": "p0dkm29jj7s", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p088hzz": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "title": "Studies in the history and archaeology of Jordan IV.", "yearPublished": "1992", "creators": [], "contributors": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/4020490413#Organization/jordanie_dairat_al_atar_al_ammah", "name": "Jordanie. Dāʹirat al-Āt̲ār al-ʻĀmmah."}, {"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/4020490413#Organization/maison_de_l_orient_mediterraneen_lyon_france", "name": "Maison de l'Orient méditerranéen (Lyon, France)"}, {"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/4020490413#Meeting/international_conference_on_the_history_and_archaeology_of_jordan_4e_1989_lyon_france", "name": "International Conference on the History and Archaeology of Jordan (4e : 1989 : Lyon, France)"}]}, "editorialNote": "All periods within this source are from one chapter, \"Reassessing the Archaeology of Jordan of the Abbasid Period,\" by Donald Whitcomb, pages 385-390. ", "id": "p088hzz", "periods": {"p088hzz5fxq": {"stop": {"label": "1800", "in": {"year": "1800"}}, "start": {"label": "1600", "in": {"year": "1600"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Late Islamic 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is archaeological, which Whitcomb separates from political periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Islamic 2"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz5fxq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzzrwtz": {"stop": {"label": "1516", "in": {"year": "1516"}}, "start": {"label": "1263", "in": {"year": "1263"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Mamluk ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is political, which Whitcomb separates from archaeological periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mamluk "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzzrwtz", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzzswrm": {"stop": {"label": "1600", "in": {"year": "1600"}}, "start": {"label": "1400", "in": {"year": "1400"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Late Islamic 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is archaeological, which Whitcomb separates from political periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Islamic 1"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzzswrm", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzz9zhx": {"stop": {"label": "1400", "in": {"year": "1400"}}, "start": {"label": "1200", "in": {"year": "1200"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Middle Islamic 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is archaeological, which Whitcomb separates from political periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Islamic 2"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz9zhx", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzz2mw3": {"stop": {"label": "1918", "in": {"year": "1918"}}, "start": {"label": "1800", "in": {"year": "1800"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "modern", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is archaeological, which Whitcomb separates from political periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["modern"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz2mw3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzz9s5p": {"stop": {"label": "1171", "in": {"year": "1171"}}, "start": {"label": "969", "in": {"year": "0969"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Fatimid", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is political, which Whitcomb separates from archaeological periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fatimid", "Crusader"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz9s5p", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzz5fcz": {"stop": {"label": "750", "in": {"year": "0750"}}, "start": {"label": "630", "in": {"year": "0630"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Umayyad", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is political, which Whitcomb separates from archaeological periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Umayyad"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz5fcz", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzzzqpt": {"stop": {"label": "1200", "in": {"year": "1200"}}, "start": {"label": "1000", "in": {"year": "1000"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Middle Islamic 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is archaeological, which Whitcomb separates from political periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Islamic 1"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzzzqpt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzz79b4": {"stop": {"label": "1000", "in": {"year": "1000"}}, "start": {"label": "800", "in": {"year": "0800"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Early Islamic 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is archaeological, which Whitcomb separates from political periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Islamic 2"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz79b4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzzs894": {"stop": {"label": "600", "in": {"year": "0600"}}, "start": {"label": "491", "in": {"year": "0491"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "late Byzantine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is archaeological, which Whitcomb separates from political periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["late Byzantine"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 396"}, "id": "p088hzzs894", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzz2wn3": {"stop": {"label": "969", "in": {"year": "0969"}}, "start": {"label": "630", "in": {"year": "0630"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Caliphal", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is political, which Whitcomb separates from archaeological periodization. The Caliphal period encompasses the Umayyad and Abbasid periods. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Caliphal"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz2wn3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzz2ntq": {"stop": {"label": "1263", "in": {"year": "1263"}}, "start": {"label": "1171", "in": {"year": "1171"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Ayyubid", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is political, which Whitcomb separates from archaeological periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ayyubid"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz2ntq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzzp8gw": {"stop": {"label": "1918", "in": {"year": "1918"}}, "start": {"label": "1516 ", "in": {"year": "1516"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "High Islam", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is political, which Whitcomb separates from archaeological periodization. Encompasses the Fatimid/Crusader, Ayyubid, and Mamluk periods.  (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Islam"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzzp8gw", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzz4jgf": {"stop": {"label": "800", "in": {"year": "0800"}}, "start": {"label": "600", "in": {"year": "0600"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Early Islamic 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is archaeological, which Whitcomb separates from political periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Islamic 1"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "Page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz4jgf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzzdg52": {"stop": {"label": "969", "in": {"year": "0969"}}, "start": {"label": "750", "in": {"year": "0750"}}, "label": "Abbasid ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is political, which Whitcomb separates from archaeological periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Abbasid "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzzdg52", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan"}, "p088hzz7phf": {"stop": {"label": "630 ", "in": {"year": "0630"}}, "start": {"label": "491", "in": {"year": "0491"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "late Byzantine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is political, which Whitcomb separates from archaeological periodization. (page 386)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["late Byzantine"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzz7phf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p088hzzw359": {"stop": {"label": "1918", "in": {"year": "1918"}}, "start": {"label": "1516", "in": {"year": "1516"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Jordan", "label": "Ottoman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization is political, which Whitcomb separates from archaeological periodization (page 386).", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ottoman", "post-medieval"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/869568061", "locator": "page 386"}, "id": "p088hzzw359", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0fzbh6": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/733956594", "title": "Nabataean settlement and self-organized economy in the Central Negev : crisis and renewal", "yearPublished": "2010", "creators": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/107989670", "name": "Tali Erickson-Gini"}], "contributors": []}, "id": "p0fzbh6", "periods": {"p0fzbh63k67": {"stop": {"label": "85 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0084"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 168 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0167"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Negev", "label": "Early Nabataean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage based on map on page 37 (fig 1.36).", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Nabataean"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/733956594", "locator": "page 38"}, "id": "p0fzbh63k67", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fzbh6s7s4": {"stop": {"label": "70 CE", "in": {"year": "0070"}}, "start": {"label": "85 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0084"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Negev", "label": "Middle Nabataean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage based on map on page 37 (fig 1.36).", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Nabataean"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/733956594", "locator": "page 38"}, "id": "p0fzbh6s7s4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fzbh6ck34": {"stop": {"label": "106 CE", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "start": {"label": "70 CE", "in": {"year": "0070"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Negev", "label": "Late Nabataean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage based on map on page 37 (fig 1.36).", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Nabataean"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/733956594", "locator": "page 38"}, "id": "p0fzbh6ck34", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fzbh6675z": {"stop": {"label": "295 CE", "in": {"year": "0295"}}, "start": {"label": "106 CE", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Negev", "label": "Roman Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage based on map on page 37 (fig 1.36).", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/733956594", "locator": "page 38"}, "id": "p0fzbh6675z", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fzbh6x3g9": {"stop": {"label": "635 CE", "in": {"year": "0635"}}, "start": {"label": "295 CE", "in": {"year": "0295"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Negev", "label": "Byzantine Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage based on map on page 37 (fig 1.36).", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/733956594", "locator": "page 38"}, "id": "p0fzbh6x3g9", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p04sp2n": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894123006", "title": "Excavating the Nabataean Incense Road.", "yearPublished": "2013", "creators": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/2213689789#Person/erickson_gini_tali", "name": "Tali Erickson-Gini"}], "contributors": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/2213689789#Person/israel_yigal", "name": "Yigal Israel"}]}, "id": "p04sp2n", "periods": {"p04sp2nbx7j": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0401", "latestYear": "0433"}, "label": "early fifth century CE"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0301", "latestYear": "0400"}, "label": "fourth century CE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nabataean Incense Road", "label": "Early Byzantine Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage is based on the abstract, which states that the Nabataean Incense Road \"extends from Petra to Gaza.\" (page 24)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Byzantine Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894123006", "locator": "page 29"}, "id": "p04sp2nbx7j", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0hsq83": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/473370569", "title": "The archaeology of society in the Holy Land", "yearPublished": "1995", "creators": [], "contributors": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/92754544", "name": "Thomas Evan Levy"}]}, "id": "p0hsq83", "editorialNote": "Pre-Bronze Age periodizations on page xv are uncalibrated and do not provide clear start and end points, and have thus not been included here. 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"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "The Levant", "label": "Iron Age I B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0dkm29", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age I B"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/473370569", "locator": "page xvi "}, "id": "p0hsq834n3d", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0hsq8349nj": {"stop": {"label": "1099 CE", "in": {"year": "1099"}}, "start": {"label": "638 CE", "in": {"year": "0638"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "The Levant", "label": "Early Arab Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0dkm29.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Arab Period", "Umayyad and Abbasid"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/473370569", "locator": "page xvi "}, "id": "p0hsq8349nj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0hsq83z6ms": {"stop": {"label": "1200 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "3500 BCE", "in": {"year": "-3499"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": 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Palestine"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "The Levant", "label": "Middle Bronze Age II B ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0dkm29", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age II B "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/473370569", "locator": "page xvi "}, "id": "p0hsq83hdhk", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0b3hfg": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "title": "Time and its adversaries in the Seleucid empire.", "yearPublished": "2019", "creators": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/4817516530#Person/kosmin_paul_j", "name": "Paul J. Kosmin"}], "contributors": []}, "id": "p0b3hfg", "periods": {"p0b3hfgbbt3": {"stop": {"label": "64 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0063"}}, "start": {"label": "311 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0310"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "The Seleucid Era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Inferred from the following discussions: page 30 states that Seleucus I declared the official Year 1 of the Seleucid Era to be 311 BCE; Figure 1 on page 6 indicates the final Seleucid king, Philip II Barypous, ended his reign in 64 BCE; and page 234 explicitly states the dissolution of the Seleukid kingdom by Pompey in 64 BCE.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Seleucid Era"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "pp. 6, 30, and 234"}, "id": "p0b3hfgbbt3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfggwbx": {"stop": {"label": "316 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0315"}}, "start": {"label": "323 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0322"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Babylonia", "label": "Year-Date Formulae at Babylon Stage 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from the discussion on p. 28: \"Stage 1: From the death of Alexander the great in 323 BCE to Antigonus Monophthalmus' expulsion of Seleucus Nicator from Babylon in 316 BCE, records were dated by the years of king Philip III Arrhidaeus and then, after his posthumous eighth year, by the years of king Alexander IV;\" as well as from Table 2 on p. 29, which presents the same information schematically.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Year-Date Formulae at Babylon Stage 1"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "pp. 28-29"}, "id": "p0b3hfggwbx", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfgktrn": {"stop": {"label": "83 BCE?", "in": {"year": "-0082"}}, "start": {"label": "94 BCE?", "in": {"year": "-0093"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Philip I Philadelphus", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Philip I Philadelphus"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "p. 6, Figure 1"}, "id": "p0b3hfgktrn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfg9zxd": {"stop": {"label": "Into the 2nd century CE", "in": {"year": "0104"}}, "start": {"label": "175/174 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0174", "latestYear": "-0173"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Hindu Kush", "label": "Yona Era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on p. 99 and accompanying footnote 140: \"It is possible that Antimachus I's newly inaugurated dating system is what was later known as the Yona or Yavana (Greek) Era, with an epoch of 175/174 BC; this Greek Era was employed with its Macedonian calendar to north and south of the Hindu Kush into the second century CE [Note 140: It was employed in its 279th year at Surkh Kotal (SK2) and Dasht-e Nawur (DN1=IEOG 319a) by the Kushan King, the grandfather of Kanishka I... Vima Taktu.]\" ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yona Era", "Yavana Era", "\"Greek\" Era"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "p. 99"}, "id": "p0b3hfg9zxd", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfgt8tn": {"stop": {"label": "88 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0087"}}, "start": {"label": "98/97 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0097", "latestYear": "-0096"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Demetrius III Eucaerus", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Demetrius III Eucaerus"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "p. 6, Figure 1"}, "id": "p0b3hfgt8tn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfgg93g": {"stop": {"label": "311 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0310"}}, "start": {"label": "late 316 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0315"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Babylonia", "label": "Year-Date Formulae at Babylon Stage 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from the discussion on p. 28: \"Stage 2: From late 316 to 311 BCE, the preiod of Antigonus Monophthalmus's undisputed dominance in Babylonia and Seleucus's exile in Ptolemy's Egypt, records were no longer dated by the reigning monarch, Alexander IV, who was absent in Macedonia. Instead, scribes introduced a year count of Antigonus in his official capacity as lúrab uqu, the Akkadian term for the Greek title stratêgos (general) of Asia....The beginning of this count, in an important precedent for the Seleucid Era, was retrojected to 317/316 BCE;\" as well as from Table 2 on p. 29, which presents the same information schematically.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Year-Date Formulae at Babylon Stage 2"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "pp. 28-29"}, "id": "p0b3hfgg93g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfgfwdb": {"stop": {"label": "97/96 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0096", "latestYear": "-0095"}}, "start": {"label": "113 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0112"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Antiochus IX Cyzicenus", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antiochus IX Cyzicenus"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "p. 6, Figure 1"}, "id": "p0b3hfgfwdb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfgjrs7": {"stop": {"label": "84/83 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0083", "latestYear": "-0082"}}, "start": {"label": "87 BCE?", "in": {"year": "-0086"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Antiochus XII Dionysus ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antiochus XII Dionysus "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "p. 6, Figure 1"}, "id": "p0b3hfgjrs7", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfgj8ks": {"stop": {"label": "67 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0066"}}, "start": {"label": "69 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0068"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": 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"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Alexander II Zabinas", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander II Zabinas"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "p. 6, Figure 1"}, "id": "p0b3hfgf7xt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfg6bdm": {"stop": {"label": "227 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0226"}}, "start": {"label": "242 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0241"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Antiochus Hierax", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antiochus Hierax"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "p. 6, Figure 1"}, "id": "p0b3hfg6bdm", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfgqm4n": {"stop": {"label": "141 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0140"}}, "start": {"label": "144 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0143"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": 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"label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Antiochus V Eupator", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antiochus V Eupator"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042084018", "locator": "p. 6, Figure 1"}, "id": "p0b3hfgrvxh", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0b3hfgnwsw": {"stop": {"label": "65 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0064"}}, "start": {"label": "67 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0066"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": 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"spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/544", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Požega Valley (Croatia)", "note": "Based on https://www.zotero.org/groups/1612108/iad_database_literature/items/itemKey/6MNQ3ZC4; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/64118010.", "label": "Younger Hallstatt culture/period (Ha D2)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Younger Hallstatt culture/period (Ha D2)"]}, "id": "p0nxc788pbq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc785zf2": {"stop": {"label": "1100 BC", "in": {"year": "-1099"}}, "start": {"label": "1200 BC", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/518", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Požega Valley (Croatia)", "note": "Derived from https://www.bib.irb.hr/868873.", "label": "Older Urnfield 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"spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Croatia", "note": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/694845402. 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 http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/899498640; https://www.zotero.org/groups/1612108/iad_database_literature/items/itemKey/JBBHS4IG; https://www.zotero.org/groups/1612108/iad_database_literature/items/itemKey/NN6BJFQ5.", "label": "Certosa fibula-horizon", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Certosa fibula-horizon", "Younger Hallstatt culture/period (Ha D2)"]}, "id": "p0nxc7864dq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78dt3k": {"stop": {"label": "1100 BC", "in": {"year": "-1099"}}, "start": {"label": "1200 BC", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/471", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Styria (Austria)", "note": "Based on http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/601816609; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880397888; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/899498640; Tiefengraber 2015.", "label": "Older Urnfield culture/period (Ha A1)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Older Urnfield culture/period (Ha A1)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78dt3k", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78cvwf": {"stop": {"label": "600 BC", "in": {"year": "-0599"}}, "start": {"label": "670 BC", "in": {"year": "-0669"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/497", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Styria, Lower Carniola (Slovenia)", "note": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/777133190.", "label": "Stična 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stična 2", "Older Hallstatt culture (Ha C2)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78cvwf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78mfdq": {"stop": {"label": "720 BC", "in": {"year": "-0719"}}, "start": {"label": "800 BC", "in": {"year": "-0799"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/464", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "label": "Early Hallstatt culture/period (Ha C0)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Hallstatt culture/period (Ha C0)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78mfdq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78tv8z": {"stop": {"label": "550 BC", "in": {"year": "-0549"}}, "start": {"label": "650 BC", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/539", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Drava River Valley (Croatia)", "note": "Based on https://www.zotero.org/groups/1612108/iad_database_literature/items/itemKey/6MNQ3ZC4; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/64118010.", "label": "Older Hallstatt culture (Ha C2)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Older Hallstatt culture (Ha C2)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78tv8z", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78gvpb": {"stop": {"label": "1200 BC", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "1350/1300 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1349", "latestYear": "-1299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/549", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transdanubia (Hungary)", "note": "Derived from https://www.zotero.org/groups/1612108/iad_database_literature/items/collectionKey/FQVAXT6F/itemKey/S2K5GUVX.", "label": "Early Urnfield culture/period (Bz D)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Urnfield culture/period (Bz D)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78gvpb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78f25p": {"stop": {"label": "1200 BC", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "1300 BC", "in": {"year": "-1299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/514", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Požega Valley (Croatia)", "note": "Derived from https://www.bib.irb.hr/868873.", "label": "Early Urnfield culture/period (Bz D)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Urnfield culture/period (Bz D)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78f25p", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc787tff": {"stop": {"label": "1050 BC", "in": {"year": "-1049"}}, "start": {"label": "1100 BC", "in": {"year": "-1099"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/472", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Styria (Austria)", "note": "Based on http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/601816609; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880397888; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/899498640; Tiefengraber 2015.", "label": "Middle Urnfield culture/period (Ha A2)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Urnfield culture/period (Ha A2)"]}, "id": "p0nxc787tff", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78qt3k": {"stop": {"label": "550 BC", "in": {"year": "-0549"}}, "start": {"label": "650 BC", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/540", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Croatia (Middle Danube River Valley)", "note": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/694845402.", "label": "Older Hallstatt culture (Ha C2)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Older Hallstatt culture (Ha C2)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78qt3k", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78jr75": {"stop": {"label": "1200 BC", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "1300 BC", "in": {"year": "-1299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/517", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Croatia", "note": "Derived from https://www.bib.irb.hr/868873.", "label": "Early Urnfield culture/period (Bz D)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Urnfield culture/period (Bz D)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78jr75", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78fzc7": {"stop": {"label": "650 BC", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "start": {"label": "750/720 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0749", "latestYear": "-0719"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/555", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transdanubia (Hungary)", "note": "Based on http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/246786191; 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http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/899498640; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/777133190.", "label": "Certosa fibula-horizon", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Certosa fibula-horizon", "Younger Hallstatt culture/period (Ha D2-3)"]}, "id": "p0nxc788944", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78dg8g": {"stop": {"label": "670 BC", "in": {"year": "-0669"}}, "start": {"label": "720 BC", "in": {"year": "-0719"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/465", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "label": "Older Hallstatt culture/period (Ha C1)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Older Hallstatt culture/period (Ha C1)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78dg8g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78cp4m": {"stop": {"label": "450 BC", "in": {"year": "-0449"}}, "start": {"label": "550 BC", "in": {"year": "-0549"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/546", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Croatia (Middle Danube River Valley)", "note": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/694845402.", "label": "Younger Hallstatt culture/period (Ha D2)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Younger Hallstatt culture/period (Ha D2)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78cp4m", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78pcdn": {"stop": {"label": "460 BC", "in": {"year": "-0459"}}, "start": {"label": "520 BC", "in": {"year": "-0519"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/499", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Carniola (Slovenia)", "note": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/777133190.", "label": "Certosa fibula-horizon", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Certosa fibula-horizon", "Younger Hallstatt culture/period (Ha D2-3)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78pcdn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc789drf": {"stop": {"label": "750/720 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0749", "latestYear": "-0719"}}, "start": {"label": "800 BC", "in": {"year": "-0799"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/482", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Carinthia (Austria)", "note": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796231654.", "label": "Frög 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frög 2", "Early Hallstatt culture/period (Ha C0)"]}, "id": "p0nxc789drf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78f6rr": {"stop": {"label": "320 BC", "in": {"year": "-0319"}}, "start": {"label": "800 BC", "in": {"year": "-0799"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/489", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovenia", "label": "Hallstatt culture/period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt culture/period"]}, "id": "p0nxc78f6rr", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78vg8c": {"stop": {"label": "550 BC", "in": {"year": "-0549"}}, "start": {"label": "650 BC", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/556", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transdanubia (Hungary)", "note": "Based on http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/246786191; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1014523956.", "label": "Older Hallstatt culture (Ha C2/D1)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Older Hallstatt culture (Ha C2/D1)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78vg8c", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78mq7b": {"stop": {"label": "800/770 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0799", "latestYear": "-0769"}}, "start": {"label": "950 BC", "in": {"year": "-0949"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/564", "spatialCoverageDescription": "SW-Slovakia", "note": "Based on http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/157885683; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/922875739; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/876538587.", "label": "Lusitanian culture (Ha B2/3)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lusitanian culture (Ha B2/3)", "Late Urnfield culture/period (Ha B2/3)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78mq7b", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc783sxf": {"stop": {"label": "800 BC", "in": {"year": "-0799"}}, "start": {"label": "950 BC", "in": {"year": "-0949"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/463", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "label": "Late Urnfield culture/period (Ha B2/3)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Urnfield culture/period (Ha B2/3)"]}, "id": "p0nxc783sxf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc7858ft": {"stop": {"label": "1050 BC", "in": {"year": "-1049"}}, "start": {"label": "1100 BC", "in": {"year": "-1099"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/492", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Styria, Lower Carniola (Slovenia)", "note": "Based on http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880397888; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/906670644; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/899498640.", "label": "Middle Urnfield culture/period (Ha A2)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Urnfield culture/period (Ha A2)"]}, "id": "p0nxc7858ft", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78p7np": {"stop": {"label": "650 BC", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "start": {"label": "720 BC", "in": {"year": "-0719"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/537", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eastern Croatia (Middle Danube River Valley)", "note": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/694845402.", "label": "Older Hallstatt culture/period (Ha C1)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Older Hallstatt culture/period (Ha C1)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78p7np", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78fqsx": {"stop": {"label": "610/600 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0609", "latestYear": "-0599"}}, "start": {"label": "700/670 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0699", "latestYear": "-0669"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/484", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Carinthia (Austria)", "note": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796231654.", "label": "Frög 4", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frög 4", "Older Hallstatt culture/period (Ha C2)"]}, "id": "p0nxc78fqsx", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc784qp3": {"stop": {"label": "1200 BC", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "1300 BC", "in": {"year": "-1299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/560", "spatialCoverageDescription": "SW-Slovakia", "note": "Based on http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/157885683; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/922875739; http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/876538587.", "label": "Lusitanian culture (Bz D)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lusitanian culture (Bz D)", "Early Urnfield culture/period (Bz D)"]}, "id": "p0nxc784qp3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0nxc78pkgs": {"stop": {"label": "450 BC", "in": {"year": "-0449"}}, "start": {"label": "800 BC", "in": {"year": "-0799"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}], "url": "https://iron-age-danube.eu/archiv/period/detail/559", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Slovakia", "label": "Hallstatt culture/period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt culture/period"]}, "id": "p0nxc78pkgs", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p072r4q": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"creators": [{"name": "Alex R. Knodell"}, {"name": "Susan E. Alcock"}, {"name": "Christopher A. Tuttle"}, {"name": "Christian F. Cloke"}, {"name": "Tali Erickson-Gini"}, {"name": "Ceceilia Feldman"}, {"name": "Gary O. Rollefson"}, {"name": "Micaela Sinibaldi"}, {"name": "Thomas M. Urban"}, {"name": "Clive Vella"}], "contributors": [], "citation": "The Brown University Petra Archaeological Project: Landscape Archaeology in the Northern Hinterland of Petra, Jordan. By Alex R. Knodell, Susan E. Alcock, Christopher A. Tuttle, Christian F. Cloke, Tali Erickson-Gini, Ceceilia Feldman, Gary O. Rollefson, Micaela Sinibaldi, Thomas M. Urban, and Clive Vella. American Journal of Archaeology Vol. 121, No. 4 (October 2017), pp. 621–683. DOI: 10.3764/aja.121.4.0621", "title": "The Brown University Petra Archaeological Project: Landscape Archaeology in the Northern Hinterland of Petra, Jordan", "url": "https://www.ajaonline.org/field-report/3555", "yearPublished": "2017"}, "id": "p072r4q", "editorialNote": "All periods are derived from Table 2 on page 627.  \"All dates are approximate, and not all periods listed here are present in our survey area. Further ceramic analysis, notably in terms of fabric classifications, may modify our present reading of the material.... Periodizations are intended to indicate material culture transitions in a broader historical framework, rather than cultural or religious identities (e.g., Edomite, Nabataean, or Islamic).\" (page 627)", "periods": {"p072r4qgpxz": {"stop": {"label": "900 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0899"}}, "start": {"label": "1000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Iron Age IIa", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38535694 pages 228-49 and http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/761166780. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age IIa"]}, "id": "p072r4qgpxz", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qsrsb": {"stop": {"label": "300 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}, "start": {"label": "539 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0538"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Babylonian/Persian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Babylonian/Persian"]}, "id": "p072r4qsrsb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qxd4z": {"stop": {"label": "5500 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-5499"}}, "start": {"label": "10000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-9999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Start date is derived from that of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and end date is derived from that of the Late (ceramic) Neolithic, which are derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83. Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points; diverging from Levy are \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"]}, "id": "p072r4qxd4z", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qpgxr": {"stop": {"label": "5500 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-5499"}}, "start": {"label": "6350 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-6349"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Late (ceramic) Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points; there are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late (ceramic) Neolithic"]}, "id": "p072r4qpgxr", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qhb8z": {"stop": {"label": "450 c.e.", "in": {"year": "0450"}}, "start": {"label": "50 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0049"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from the start date of the Early Roman period and the end date of the Late Roman period, which are derived from Erickson-Gini, 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6) and Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p04sp2n), though the Roman period in Erickson-Gini 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6675z) does not correspond directly to any Roman period here and the periodization in Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 is not explicit.  \n\nPage 627 recommends Schmid for \"an alternative chronological schema that covers the Nabataean period (here Hellenistic to Roman).\" (Schmid, S.G. 2000. \"Die Feinkeramik der Nabataer: Typologie, Chronologie und kulturhistorische Hintergrunde.\" Petra Ez Zantur. Vol. 2, pt. 1. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.)\n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"]}, "id": "p072r4qhb8z", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q94xq": {"stop": {"label": "539 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0538"}}, "start": {"label": "586 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0585"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Iron Age III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38535694 pages 228-49 and http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/761166780. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age III"]}, "id": "p072r4q94xq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q5dc6": {"stop": {"label": "1000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "start": {"label": "1200 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Iron Age I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38535694 pages 228-49 and http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/761166780. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age I"]}, "id": "p072r4q5dc6", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qrmb7": {"stop": {"label": "15300 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-15299"}}, "start": {"label": "21000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-20999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Early/Middle Epipaleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points. There are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early/Middle Epipaleolithic"]}, "id": "p072r4qrmb7", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qr6nr": {"stop": {"label": "4300 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-4299"}}, "start": {"label": "5500 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-5499"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points; there are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chalcolithic"]}, "id": "p072r4qr6nr", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q8vpv": {"stop": {"label": "539 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0538"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 1000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Kingdom of Edom", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kingdom of Edom"]}, "id": "p072r4q8vpv", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qp3wm": {"stop": {"label": "ca. 2500 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-2499"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 6350 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-6349"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "late prehistory ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points; there are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["late prehistory "]}, "id": "p072r4qp3wm", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q2rsn": {"stop": {"label": "1200 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "1550 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-1549"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Late Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "id": "p072r4q2rsn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qjq6g": {"stop": {"label": "1516 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1516"}}, "start": {"label": "1263 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1263"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"For reasons of practicality, very broad subdivisions within the Islamic periods are indicated with the chronology proposed by Whitcomb (1992), though they have been amended slightly with regard to the end date of the Byzantine and the start of the Early Islamic period.\" (page 627)\n\n", "label": "Mamluk ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Whitcomb, 1992, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzzrwtz.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mamluk "]}, "id": "p072r4qjq6g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qfmds": {"stop": {"label": "19 ka BP", "in": {"year": "-17050"}}, "start": {"label": "1 Ma BP", "in": {"year": "-998050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from start date of Lower Paleolithic and end date of Upper Paleolithic, which are derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points. There are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p072r4qfmds", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qj7t6": {"stop": {"label": "50 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0049"}}, "start": {"label": "300 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Start date is derived from that of the Early Hellenistic and end date is derived from that of the Late Hellenistic. These periodizations are derived from Erickson-Gini 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6 ) and Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p04sp2n). Page 627 recommends Schmid for \"an alternative chronological schema that covers the Nabataean period (here Hellenistic to Roman).\" (Schmid, S.G. 2000. \"Die Feinkeramik der Nabataer: Typologie, Chronologie und kulturhistorische Hintergrunde.\" Petra Ez Zantur. Vol. 2, pt. 1. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.)\n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic"]}, "id": "p072r4qj7t6", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q462q": {"stop": {"label": "1800 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1800"}}, "start": {"label": "650 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0650"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Islamic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Start date is derived from that of the Early Islamic and end date is derived from that of the Late Islamic, which are derived from Whitcomb 1992's (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz) Early Islamic I (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz4jgf) and Late Islamic 2 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz5fxq). ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Islamic"]}, "id": "p072r4q462q", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qtkdz": {"stop": {"label": "106 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 168 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0167"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Nabatean Kingdom", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nabatean Kingdom"]}, "id": "p072r4qtkdz", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0fzbh63k67"]}, "p072r4qcqjb": {"stop": {"label": "1918 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1918"}}, "start": {"label": "1516 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1516"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Ottoman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ottoman"]}, "id": "p072r4qcqjb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q2gv6": {"stop": {"label": "969 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0969"}}, "start": {"label": "630 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0630"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"For reasons of practicality, very broad subdivisions within the Islamic periods are indicated with the chronology proposed by Whitcomb (1992), though they have been amended slightly with regard to the end date of the Byzantine and the start of the Early Islamic period.\" (page 627)", "label": "Umayyad-Abbasid", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Whitcomb, 1992, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz5fcz and http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzzdg52. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Umayyad-Abbasid"]}, "id": "p072r4q2gv6", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qj4f5": {"stop": {"label": "9000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-8999"}}, "start": {"label": "10000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-9999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic A", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points. There are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic A"]}, "id": "p072r4qj4f5", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q8n8r": {"stop": {"label": "250 ka BP", "in": {"year": "-248050"}}, "start": {"label": "1 Ma BP", "in": {"year": "-998050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points. There are also  \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)\n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p072r4q8n8r", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qn2hv": {"stop": {"label": "200 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0199"}}, "start": {"label": "300 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Early Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Erickson-Gini 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6) and Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p04sp2n.)\n\nPage 627 recommends Schmid for \"an alternative chronological schema that covers the Nabataean period (here Hellenistic to Roman).\" (Schmid, S.G. 2000. \"Die Feinkeramik der Nabataer: Typologie, Chronologie und kulturhistorische Hintergrunde.\" Petra Ez Zantur. Vol. 2, pt. 1. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.)\n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Hellenistic"]}, "id": "p072r4qn2hv", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qxj42": {"stop": {"label": "539 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0538"}}, "start": {"label": "1200 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Start date is derived from that of Iron Age I and end date is derived from that of Iron Age III, which are in turn derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38535694 pages 228-49 and http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/761166780.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "id": "p072r4qxj42", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qfcxf": {"stop": {"label": "1171 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1171"}}, "start": {"label": "969 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0969"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"For reasons of practicality, very broad subdivisions within the Islamic periods are indicated with the chronology proposed by Whitcomb (1992), though they have been amended slightly with regard to the end date of the Byzantine and the start of the Early Islamic period.\" (page 627)\n\n", "label": "Fatimid", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Whitcomb 1992, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz9s5p. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fatimid"]}, "id": "p072r4qfcxf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qmdc3": {"stop": {"label": "50 ka BP", "in": {"year": "-48050"}}, "start": {"label": "250 ka BP", "in": {"year": "-248050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points. There are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p072r4qmdc3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qdxnz": {"stop": {"label": "1000 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1000"}}, "start": {"label": "650 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0650"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"For reasons of practicality, very broad subdivisions within the Islamic periods are indicated with the chronology proposed by Whitcomb (1992), though they have been amended slightly with regard to the end date of the Byzantine and the start of the Early Islamic period.\" (page 627)", "label": "Early Islamic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Whitcomb, 1992: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz4jgf and http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz79b4", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Islamic"]}, "id": "p072r4qdxnz", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qktv4": {"stop": {"label": "19 ka BP", "in": {"year": "-17050"}}, "start": {"label": "45 ka BP", "in": {"year": "-43050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points. There are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627) ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic"]}, "id": "p072r4qktv4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qpk7m": {"stop": {"label": "6350 B.C.E", "in": {"year": "-6349"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 1 Ma B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-999999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "early prehistory ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points. There are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["early prehistory "]}, "id": "p072r4qpk7m", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qk9nf": {"stop": {"label": "1400 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1400"}}, "start": {"label": "1000 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1000"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"For reasons of practicality, very broad subdivisions within the Islamic periods are indicated with the chronology proposed by Whitcomb (1992), though they have been amended slightly with regard to the end date of the Byzantine and the start of the Early Islamic period.\" (page 627)\n\n", "label": "Middle Islamic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Whitcomb, 1992: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzzzqpt and http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz9zhx. \n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Islamic"]}, "id": "p072r4qk9nf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q85ks": {"stop": {"label": "450 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0450"}}, "start": {"label": "250 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0250"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Late Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Erickson-Gini, 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6) and Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p04sp2n), though the Roman period in Erickson-Gini 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6675z) does not correspond directly to any Roman period here and the periodization in Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 is unclear.  \nPage 627 recommends Schmid for \"an alternative chronological schema that covers the Nabataean period (here Hellenistic to Roman).\" (Schmid, S.G. 2000. \"Die Feinkeramik der Nabataer: Typologie, Chronologie und kulturhistorische Hintergrunde.\" Petra Ez Zantur. Vol. 2, pt. 1. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.)\n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Roman"]}, "id": "p072r4q85ks", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qk29n": {"stop": {"label": "586 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0585"}}, "start": {"label": "900 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0899"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Iron Age IIb-c", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38535694 pages 228-49 and http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/761166780. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age IIb-c"]}, "id": "p072r4qk29n", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qdm9p": {"stop": {"label": "6350 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-6349"}}, "start": {"label": "6900 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-6899"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic C", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points; there are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic C"]}, "id": "p072r4qdm9p", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qsg94": {"stop": {"label": "2500 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-2499"}}, "start": {"label": "4300 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-4299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Early Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age"]}, "id": "p072r4qsg94", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0hsq83mmxc"]}, "p072r4qm7kj": {"stop": {"label": "10000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-9999"}}, "start": {"label": "15700 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-15699"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Natufian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points. There are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Natufian"]}, "id": "p072r4qm7kj", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qktr7": {"stop": {"label": "1550 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-1549"}}, "start": {"label": "2500 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-2499"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Middle Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age"]}, "id": "p072r4qktr7", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qc48j": {"stop": {"label": "6900 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-6899"}}, "start": {"label": "9000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-8999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from information on page xv of Levy 1995, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83, but Levy gives period in uncalibrated dates with unclear start and end points; there are also \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan.\" (page 627)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic B"]}, "id": "p072r4qc48j", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qhdb4": {"stop": {"label": "650 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0650"}}, "start": {"label": "450 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0450"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Byzantine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine"]}, "id": "p072r4qhdb4", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0fzbh6x3g9"]}, "p072r4qmq9s": {"stop": {"label": "1200 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "start": {"label": "4300 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-4299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Start date is derived from that of the Early Bronze Age, which is in turn derived from http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0hsq83mmxc, page xvi with \"slight adaptations to reflect the specific situation in southern Jordan\" (page 627). End date is derived from that of the Late Bronze Age. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "id": "p072r4qmq9s", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q99nn": {"stop": {"label": "250 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0250"}}, "start": {"label": "100 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0100"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Middle Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Erickson-Gini, 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6) and Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p04sp2n), though the Roman period in Erickson-Gini 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6675z) does not correspond directly to any Roman period here and the periodization in Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 is unclear.  \nPage 627 recommends Schmid for \"an alternative chronological schema that covers the Nabataean period (here Hellenistic to Roman).\" (Schmid, S.G. 2000. \"Die Feinkeramik der Nabataer: Typologie, Chronologie und kulturhistorische Hintergrunde.\" Petra Ez Zantur. Vol. 2, pt. 1. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.)\n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Roman"]}, "id": "p072r4q99nn", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qz7nc": {"stop": {"label": "100 C.E.", "in": {"year": "0100"}}, "start": {"label": "50 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0049"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Early Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Erickson-Gini, 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6) and Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p04sp2n), though the Roman period in Erickson-Gini 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6675z) does not correspond directly to any Roman period here and the periodization in Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 is unclear. \nPage 627 recommends Schmid for \"an alternative chronological schema that covers the Nabataean period (here Hellenistic to Roman).\" (Schmid, S.G. 2000. \"Die Feinkeramik der Nabataer: Typologie, Chronologie und kulturhistorische Hintergrunde.\" Petra Ez Zantur. Vol. 2, pt. 1. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.)\n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Roman"]}, "id": "p072r4qz7nc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qg2zm": {"stop": {"label": "50 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0049"}}, "start": {"label": "200 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Late Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Erickson-Gini 2010 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0fzbh6) and Erickson-Gini, Israel 2013 (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p04sp2n.) Page 627 recommends Schmid for \"an alternative chronological schema that covers the Nabataean period (here Hellenistic to Roman).\" (Schmid, S.G. 2000. \"Die Feinkeramik der Nabataer: Typologie, Chronologie und kulturhistorische Hintergrunde.\" Petra Ez Zantur. Vol. 2, pt. 1. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.)\n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Hellenistic"]}, "id": "p072r4qg2zm", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qmbdt": {"stop": {"label": "1800 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1800"}}, "start": {"label": "1400 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1400"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"For reasons of practicality, very broad subdivisions within the Islamic periods are indicated with the chronology proposed by Whitcomb (1992), though they have been amended slightly with regard to the end date of the Byzantine and the start of the Early Islamic period.\" (page 627)", "label": "Late Islamic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Whitcomb, 1992: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzzswrm and http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz5fxq", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Islamic"]}, "id": "p072r4qmbdt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4qxqb4": {"stop": {"label": "1263 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1263"}}, "start": {"label": "1171 C.E.", "in": {"year": "1171"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"For reasons of practicality, very broad subdivisions within the Islamic periods are indicated with the chronology proposed by Whitcomb (1992), though they have been amended slightly with regard to the end date of the Byzantine and the start of the Early Islamic period.\" (page 627)\n", "label": "Ayyubid", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Whitcomb, 1992: http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p088hzz2ntq. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ayyubid"]}, "id": "p072r4qxqb4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p072r4q6jjw": {"stop": {"label": "500 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0499"}}, "start": {"label": "1000 B.C.E.", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Iron Age II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38535694 pages 228-49 and http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/761166780. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age II"]}, "id": "p072r4q6jjw", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p03xjrf": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "title": "Pompeii, its life and art. Translated into English by Francis W. Kelsey.", "yearPublished": "1899", "creators": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/25364341", "name": "August Mau"}], "contributors": []}, "editorialNote": "This first, English edition is based on an unpublished German manuscript with some additions and adaptations by translator and editor Francis W. Kelsey. ", "id": "p03xjrf", "periods": {"p03xjrfg8cc": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0599", "latestYear": "-0500"}, "label": "sixth century B.C."}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0599", "latestYear": "-0500"}, "label": "sixth century B.C."}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "label": "The first period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period is architectural; it refers to one of the six architectural periods into which Mau divides Pompeii's history. It is succeeded by a second architectural period, the Period of the Limestone Atriums, for which the start date \"cannot be determined even approximately,\" but the end date \"is fixed by the earlier limit of the next period.\" (page 40)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The first period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "locator": "page 39"}, "id": "p03xjrfg8cc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03xjrfz36p": {"stop": {"label": "90 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-0089"}}, "start": {"label": "200 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-0199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"The Tufa Period coincides throughout with the time of the first style of decoration.\" (page 41)", "label": "Incrustation Style", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period is the first of four decorative painting styles, separate from the architectural styles Mau delineates. Dates are derived from the dates of the Tufa Period/third architectural style, since these periods coincide. (page 41)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Incrustation Style", "first style of decoration "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "locator": "page 41"}, "id": "p03xjrfz36p", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03xjrf7pkp": {"stop": {"label": "to the time of Augustus", "in": {"year": "-0026"}}, "start": {"label": "80 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-0079"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"The wall decoration of the fourth period is of the second Pompeian style, which came into vogue just after the founding of the colony, and which we shall call the Architectural Style.\" (page 42)\n\n\"The Architectural Style, already mentioned, remained in vogue to the time of Augustus.\" (page 43)", "label": "Architectural Style", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period is one of four decorative styles, referring to wall painting rather than architecture. The end date is derived from the end date of the coinciding fourth architectural style and the editor's parsing of \"to the time of Augustus\" as 27 B.C.E.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Architectural Style", "second Pompeian style"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "locator": "page 42"}, "id": "p03xjrf7pkp", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03xjrf63k3": {"stop": {"label": "the destruction of the city ", "in": {"year": "0079"}}, "start": {"label": "about the year 50 A.D.", "in": {"year": "0050"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"The fourth or Intricate Style came in about the year 50 A.D.\" (page 43)", "label": "Intricate Style", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period is one of four decorative styles, referring to wall paintings rather than architecture. It corresponds to the fifth and sixth architectural periods. The end date is derived from the editor's parsing of \"the destruction of the city\" as 79 C.E. (page 44) ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Intricate Style", "the fourth style"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "locator": "page 43-44"}, "id": "p03xjrf63k3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03xjrfd793": {"stop": {"label": "90 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-0089"}}, "start": {"label": "200 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-0199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"Certain Oscan inscriptions, an early Latin monumental inscription, and a few words, dating from 78 B.C., scratched upon the plaster of the Basilica, oblige us to place the Tufa Period before the time of the Roman colony; yet not long before, for the next oldest buildings date from the first years of the colony. The time of peace that furnished the background for the period can only have been that between the Second Punic War and the Social War, about 200 to 90 B.C.; the Tufa Period was approximately the second century before Christ.\" (page 40)", "label": "The third period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period is one of the six architectural periods into which Mau divides Pompeian history. It corresponds with the Incrustation Style of wall decorating. It is preceded by a second architectural period, the Period of the Limestone Atriums, for which the start date \"cannot be determined even approximately,\" but the end date \"is fixed by the earlier limit of the next period.\" (page 40)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The third period", "Tufa Period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "locator": "page 40"}, "id": "p03xjrfd793", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03xjrfrq35": {"stop": {"label": "the destruction of the city ", "in": {"year": "0079"}}, "start": {"label": "63 A.D.", "in": {"year": "0063"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"The sixteen years between the earthquake of 63 A.D. and the destruction of the city form the sixth period in the architectural history of Pompeii.\" (page 44) ", "label": "The sixth period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period is architectural rather than decorative and falls within the period of the Intricate Style. The end date is derived from the editor's parsing of \"the destruction of the city\" as 79 C.E. (page 44)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The sixth period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "locator": "page 44"}, "id": "p03xjrfrq35", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03xjrfcw9r": {"stop": {"label": "63 A.D.", "in": {"year": "0063"}}, "start": {"label": "the last decades of the Republic", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0046", "latestYear": "-0026"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "label": "The fifth period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period is architectural rather than decorative. It overlaps with the fourth architectural period and corresponds to Architectural Style, the Ornate Style, and the Intricate Style of wall decoration. The start date is derived from the editor's parsing of \"the last decades of the Republic\" as 47 B.C.E. to 27 B.C.E. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The fifth period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "locator": "page 42"}, "id": "p03xjrfcw9r", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03xjrf8ccs": {"stop": {"label": "50 A.D.", "in": {"year": "0050"}}, "start": {"label": "the time of Augustus", "in": {"year": "-0026"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"The Architectural Style, already mentioned, remained in vogue to the time of Augustus; it then gave place to the third or Ornate Style.\" (page 43)", "label": "Ornate Style", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period is one of four decorative styles, referring to wall painting rather than architecture. It mainly falls within the fifth architectural period. Its start date is derived from the editor's parsing of the \"time of Augustus\" noted as the end of the preceding second style as 27 B.C.E. The end date is derived from the start date of the subsequent fourth decorative period (page 43). ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ornate Style", "third style"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "locator": "page 43"}, "id": "p03xjrf8ccs", "languageTag": "en"}, "p03xjrfz228": {"stop": {"label": "near the end of the Republic", "in": {"year": "-0026"}}, "start": {"label": "80 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-0079"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"The fourth period covers the earlier decades of the Roman colony, from 80 B.C. to near the end of the Republic.\" (page 41)", "label": "The fourth period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period refers to one of the six architectural periods into which Mau divides Pompeii's history. It corresponds to the Architectural Style of wall decoration. The end date for this period is derived from the editor's interpretation of \"near the end of the Republic\" as 27 B.C.E.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The fourth period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/427529380", "locator": "page 41"}, "id": "p03xjrfz228", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p07rxtq": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"partOf": {"id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2652", "title": "Cooling and societal change during the Late Antique Little Ice Age from 536 to around 660 AD", "yearPublished": "2016-02-08", "creators": [{"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/willy-tegel-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Willy Tegel"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/sebastian-wagner-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Sebastian Wagner"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/ulf-buntgen-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Ulf Büntgen"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/jurg-luterbacher-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Jürg Luterbacher"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/fredrik-charpentier-ljungqvist-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/michiel-a-c-de-vaan-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Michiel A. C. de Vaan"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/johann-jungclaus-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Johann Jungclaus"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/nicola-di-cosmo-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Nicola Di Cosmo"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/jed-o-kaplan-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Jed O. Kaplan"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/michael-mccormick-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Michael McCormick"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/alexander-v-kirdyanov-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Alexander V. Kirdyanov"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/vladimir-s-myglan-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Vladimir S. Myglan"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/paul-j-krusic-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Paul J. Krusic"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/michael-sigl-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Michael Sigl"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/jan-esper-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Jan Esper"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/lukas-wacker-cpooe5pzr6j9", "name": "Lukas Wacker"}], "contributors": []}, "locator": "p. 231"}, "editorialNote": "Definition derived from abstract.", "id": "p07rxtq", "periods": {"p07rxtq84xh": {"stop": {"label": "about 660 AD", "in": {"year": "0660"}}, "start": {"label": "536 AD", "in": {"year": "0536"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "most of the Northern Hemisphere", "note": "From abstract: \"Here we use tree-ring chronologies from the Russian Altai and European Alps to reconstruct summer temperatures over the past two millennia. We find an unprecedented, long-lasting and spatially synchronized cooling following a cluster of large volcanic eruptions in 536, 540 and 547 AD... which was probably sustained by ocean and sea-ice feedbacks, as well as a solar minimum. We thus identify the interval from 536 to about 660 AD as the Late Antique Little Ice Age. Spanning most of the Northern Hemisphere, we suggest that this cold phase be considered as an additional environmental factor contributing to the establishment of the Justinian plague, transformation of the eastern Roman Empire and collapse of the Sasanian Empire, movements out of the Asian steppe and Arabian Peninsula, spread of Slavic-speaking peoples and political upheavals in China.\"", "label": "Late Antique Little Ice Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Locator: abstract", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Antique Little Ice Age"]}, "id": "p07rxtq84xh", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0pgmrb": {"id": "p0pgmrb", "source": {"creators": [{"name": "Monica H. Green"}], "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "citation": "Monica H. Green, “Black as Death” [essay review of Bruce Campbell, The Great Transition: Climate, Disease and Society in the Late-Medieval World (2016)], Inference: International Review of Science 4, no. 1 (1 June 2018), http://inference-review.com/article/black-as-death.", "title": "“Black as Death” [essay review of Bruce Campbell, The Great Transition: Climate, Disease and Society in the Late-Medieval World (2016)]", "url": "http://inference-review.com/article/black-as-death", "yearPublished": "2018"}, "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0pgmrbmd5t": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1353"}, "label": "1353"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1346", "latestYear": "1347"}, "label": "1346 or 1347"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia and Africa", "label": "Black Death", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Source notes \"the great Black Death pandemic, 1346-1353\" early in the essay, but later mentions \"the Black Death, which we usually date from 1347 to 1353\".", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Black Death"]}, "id": "p0pgmrbmd5t", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pgmrbgpcs": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1470", "latestYear": "1500"}, "label": "1470s to 1500"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1260", "latestYear": "1339"}, "label": "1260s to 1330s"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia and Africa", "note": "\"For Campbell, a variety of climate-forcing factors and economic shifts argue for designating the Great Transition as its own separate period, with four distinct phases\"; these phases are divided into the 1260s-1330s (end of the Medieval Climate Anomaly), 1340s-1370s, 1370s-1470s, and 1470s-on, ending around 1500, at which point \"[t]his newly configured Europe, one where northern countries took over the economic power formerly wielded by Italy, had now adjusted to the new world the previous two centuries had made. In other words, the Great Transition was completed and the Old World had adjusted to the new climatic and economic balance.\"", "label": "Great Transition", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Start date range inferred from the range offered for the first phase of the Great Transition; stop date range inferred from the range offered for its last phase.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Great Transition"]}, "id": "p0pgmrbgpcs", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pgmrbkrv5": {"stop": {"label": "ca. 1534", "in": {"year": "1534"}}, "start": {"label": "ca. 1416", "in": {"year": "1416"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe and Eurasia", "note": "\"The Spörer minimum, ca. 1416–1534, had effects on the Indian Ocean monsoon, the Nile flood, and the North Atlantic oscillation, resulting in global temperature drops of 0.4–0.8°.\"", "label": "Spörer solar minimum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spörer solar minimum"]}, "id": "p0pgmrbkrv5", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pgmrbps7q": {"stop": {"label": "end of \"500-year period of plague infestation\"", "in": {"year": "1853"}}, "start": {"label": "Black Death pandemic, 1346-1353", "in": {"earliestYear": "1346", "latestYear": "1353"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia and Africa", "label": "Second Plague Pandemic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Stop date inferred from description of \"500-year period of plague infestation that [the Black Plague] initiated in Eurasia and Africa.\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Plague Pandemic"]}, "id": "p0pgmrbps7q", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pgmrb57b5": {"stop": {"label": "1282", "in": {"year": "1282"}}, "start": {"label": "around 900 CE", "in": {"year": "0900"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe and Eurasia", "note": "Source describes \"the MCA, a prolonged, mostly warm period that began around 900 CE which, with one exception in the first half of the eleventh century, was likely due to a high solar irradiance. In the MCA, not only Europe but much of Eurasia flourished... The onset of the Wolf solar minimum signaled the end of this prolonged period.\" A note indicates that this onset began in 1282.", "label": "Medieval Climate Anomaly", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval Climate Anomaly", "MCA"]}, "id": "p0pgmrb57b5", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pgmrbbr4c": {"stop": {"label": "1342", "in": {"year": "1342"}}, "start": {"label": "around 1282", "in": {"year": "1282"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe and Eurasia", "note": "\"A period of low solar irradiance starting around 1282 and continuing until 1342\" (n. 4), citing Campbell 2016 for the definition.", "label": "Wolf solar minimum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wolf solar minimum"]}, "id": "p0pgmrbbr4c", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0pgmrbbz3m": {"stop": {"label": "1317", "in": {"year": "1317"}}, "start": {"label": "1315", "in": {"year": "1315"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Northern Europe", "note": "\"The late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries saw repeated catastrophes, including a sheep-scab epizootic in the 1270s and 1280s, the Great Northern European Famine of 1315–17, and a cattle panzootic of 1319–20.\"", "label": "Great Northern European Famine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Great Northern European Famine"]}, "id": "p0pgmrbbz3m", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0s5mgk": {"id": "p0s5mgk", "source": {"contributors": [], "creators": [{"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/monica-h-green-1elsz2wl17d2z", "name": "Monica H. Green"}], "id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/afriques.2125", "title": "Putting Africa on the Black Death map: Narratives from genetics and history", "yearPublished": "2018-12-24"}, "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0s5mgkhjkb": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "2018"}, "label": "Present Day"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1600", "latestYear": "1799"}, "label": "17th or 18th centuries"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "China"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeast China, World", "note": "\"The Third Plague Pandemic began with new plague activity in southeast China in the 17th or 18th century. These new strains then emerged out of Yunnan Province in the mid-19th century and spread globally via steamships, starting in 1894 out of Hong Kong.\" Note the global start date of 1894; previous incidence is limited to China.", "label": "Third Plague Pandemic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Plague Pandemic"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 2", "partOf": "http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/afriques.2125"}, "id": "p0s5mgkhjkb", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0s5mgk69kh": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "2018"}, "label": "Present Day"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1200", "latestYear": "1299"}, "label": "13th century CE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean littoral, Europe, much of Eurasia, Africa", "label": "Second Plague Pandemic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage description foregone due to the global reach of the Second Plague Pandemic, specified in the text as an \"epidemiological event starting in the 13th century and continuing to the present day—encompassing not simply the Mediterranean littoral and Europe, but much of Eurasia and, as we will see, Africa.\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Plague Pandemic", "Black Death"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 2", "partOf": "http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/afriques.2125"}, "id": "p0s5mgk69kh", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0s5mgk5pjt": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "1722"}, "label": "1722"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "1720"}, "label": "1720"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Continental Europe", "label": "Plague of Provence", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Plague of Provence"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 21", "partOf": "http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/afriques.2125"}, "id": "p0s5mgk5pjt", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0s5mgkd8hz": {"stop": {"label": "ca. 750", "in": {"year": "0750"}}, "start": {"label": "c. 541", "in": {"year": "0541"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe, Africa, Middle East, Central Asia", "note": "Source defines spatial coverage thus: \"The historical (documentary) record for the Justinianic Plague (c. 541 to ca. 750) paints it as a phenomenon centered on the Mediterranean, stretching from Persia to Spain... The genetic (biological) record suggests, in contrast, a far more expansive geography, connecting the Mediterranean with the Tian Shan mountains in Kyrgyzstan, and a deeper chronology for this epidemiological event.\"", "label": "Justinianic Plague", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Locators: section I.1, section III.A.32", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Justinianic Plague"]}, "id": "p0s5mgkd8hz", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0fs84x": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"partOf": {"id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.12994", "title": "Eighteenth century Yersinia pestis genomes reveal the long-term persistence of an historical plague focus", "yearPublished": "2016-01-21", "creators": [{"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/stephen-a-forrest-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Stephen A Forrest"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/nicholas-waglechner-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Nicholas Waglechner"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/alexander-herbig-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Alexander Herbig"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/debi-poinar-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Debi Poinar"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/kirsten-i-bos-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Kirsten I Bos"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/olivier-dutour-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Olivier Dutour"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/jason-sahl-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Jason Sahl"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/verena-j-schuenemann-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Verena J Schuenemann"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/edward-c-holmes-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Edward C Holmes"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/g-brian-golding-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "G Brian Golding"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/johannes-krause-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Johannes Krause"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/paul-keim-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Paul Keim"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/melanie-kuch-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Melanie Kuch"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/hendrik-n-poinar-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Hendrik N Poinar"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/david-m-wagner-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "David M Wagner"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/mathieu-fourment-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Mathieu Fourment"}, {"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/jennifer-klunk-252o2v5vvruy1", "name": "Jennifer Klunk"}], "contributors": []}, "locator": "Introduction"}, "id": "p0fs84x", "periods": {"p0fs84x2nf8": {"stop": {"label": "1722", "in": {"year": "1722"}}, "start": {"label": "1720", "in": {"year": "1720"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Provence (France)", "note": "Source describes period as \"one of the last well-documented European epidemics, the Great Plague of Marseille (1720–1722), that occurred in the Provence region of France at the end of the second pandemic.\"", "label": "Great Plague of Marseille", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Great Plague of Marseille"]}, "id": "p0fs84x2nf8", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fs84xnhfz": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0701", "latestYear": "0800"}, "label": "8th century"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0501", "latestYear": "0600"}, "label": "6th century"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia, Europe, other parts of the world", "note": "\"The first pandemic, also known as the Justinian Plague, occurred from the 6th through the 8th centuries.\"", "label": "first pandemic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Locator: Introduction", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["first pandemic", "Justinian Plague"]}, "id": "p0fs84xnhfz", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fs84xp25g": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1701", "latestYear": "1800"}, "label": "18th century"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1301", "latestYear": "1400"}, "label": "14th century"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia, Europe, other parts of the world", "note": "\"[T]he second pandemic spanned the 14th to the 18th centuries.\"", "label": "second pandemic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Locator: Introduction", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["second pandemic"]}, "id": "p0fs84xp25g", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0fs84x5h3w": {"stop": {"label": "present day", "in": {"year": "2016"}}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1801", "latestYear": "1900"}, "label": "19th century"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia, Europe, other parts of the world", "note": "\"[T]he third pandemic started in the 19th century and persists to the present day.\"", "label": "third pandemic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Locator: Introduction", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["third pandemic"]}, "id": "p0fs84x5h3w", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0r6zb5": {"id": "p0r6zb5", "source": {"citation": "Monica H. Green, “On Learning How to Teach the Black Death,” HPS&ST Note, March 2018, pp. 7-33, https://www.hpsst.com/uploads/6/2/9/3/62931075/2018march.pdf  ", "contributors": [], "creators": [{"name": "Monica H. Green"}], "title": "On Learning How to Teach the Black Death", "url": "https://www.hpsst.com/uploads/6/2/9/3/62931075/2018march.pdf", "yearPublished": "2018"}, "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0r6zb5dvtd": {"stop": {"label": "1363", "in": {"year": "1363"}}, "start": {"label": "1359 (1361 in London)", "in": {"earliestYear": "1359", "latestYear": "1361"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "note": "Source describes this as \"the second major wave\nof plague, the pestis secunda (1359-63, though starting in London, it seems, in 1361)\" (p. 13, n. 2).", "label": "pestis secunda", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/la", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"la": ["pestis secunda"]}, "id": "p0r6zb5dvtd", "languageTag": "la", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}]}}}, "p0jk4xk": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"creators": [{"name": "Sam White"}], "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "citation": "White, Sam. 2014. “The Real Little Ice Age.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 44:3, 327–352. http://muse.jhu.edu/article/526408.\n", "title": "The Real Little Ice Age", "url": "http://muse.jhu.edu/article/526408", "yearPublished": "2014"}, "id": "p0jk4xk", "periods": {"p0jk4xk3k3r": {"stop": {"label": "1820 or c. 1850 A.D.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1820", "latestYear": "1850"}}, "start": {"label": "1251 or c. 1300 A.D.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1251", "latestYear": "1300"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "note": "Source offers at least two different extents for the broadest sense of the term \"Little Ice Age\": \"Between c.1300 and c.1850 A.D. the world became, on average, slightly but significantly colder\" (p. 327); \"Within this era of cooling, broadly defined (1251 to 1820), the world also experienced nine periods of about thirty years each with clustered volcanic and solar forcing and cooler average global temperatures\" (p. 345).", "label": "Little Ice Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Locators: p. 327, p. 345.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Little Ice Age", "LIA"]}, "id": "p0jk4xk3k3r", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jk4xk9v63": {"stop": {"label": "c. 1850", "in": {"year": "1850"}}, "start": {"label": "c. 1400", "in": {"year": "1400"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "note": "Source's \"Definition 1\" for \"Little Ice Age\": \"Parts of Europe and Asia may have begun cooling earlier, but to avoid anthropocentric bias, the lia is identified in this context with global cooling in both hemispheres. According to the most recent data, this cooling began c.1400 and ended when the man-made greenhouse-gas effect cancelled the long-term effects of orbital forcing c.1850. This era also underwent several periods of solar/volcanic forcing, but these short-term events did not fundamentally alter the underlying cooling trend; nor were they unique to these centuries... This definition may best serve the natural sciences\" (p. 348).", "label": "Little Ice Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Locator: p. 348.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Little Ice Age", "LIA", "A Cooling World c.1400 to c.1850"]}, "id": "p0jk4xk9v63", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jk4xkwft3": {"stop": {"label": "c. 1810s", "in": {"earliestYear": "1810", "latestYear": "1819"}}, "start": {"label": "c. 1310s", "in": {"earliestYear": "1310", "latestYear": "1319"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "World, especially Europe and Asia", "note": "Source's \"Definition 2\" for \"Little Ice Age\": \"The LIA was an era of recurring fluctuations that began with the devastating “Great Famine” of Europe in the 1310s and ended with the “last great subsistance crisis of the Western world” in the 1810s. Such fluctuations, driven by variations in solar output and especially volcanic eruptions, were not confined to these centuries, but they were evidently more frequent and severe during this era. These events took place against a backdrop of global cooling, which likely aggravated the severity of the fluctuations but was often too gradual to be directly noticed in temperate regions. Although the cooling trend did not become global until c.1400, it was already evident in the most populated parts of the world by the 1300s—hence the wider periodization\" (pp. 348-349).", "label": "Little Ice Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Locator: pp. 348-349", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Little Ice Age", "LIA", "An Age of Extremes c.1310s to c.1810s"]}, "id": "p0jk4xkwft3", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jk4xk2gz6": {"stop": {"label": "c. 1710", "in": {"year": "1710"}}, "start": {"label": "c. 1580", "in": {"year": "1580"}}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "World, especially Northern Hemisphere", "note": "Source's \"Definition 3\" for \"Little Ice Age\": \"This definition narrows the LIA to its most vital effects during its strongest phase. Although cooling may have begun centuries earlier, it evidently accelerated during the late 1500s, especially in the more populous Northern Hemisphere. The cold of the early fourteenth century may have brought disasters to late medieval Northern Europe and Ming China but only as isolated incidences. From the mid-fourteenth to mid-sixteenth centuries, the demography of Eurasia was mainly determined by loss and recovery from the Black Death, and that of Amerindians by diseases of the Columbian Exchange. Because populations were far from their ecological limits, climate fluctuations had more limited impacts. The late sixteenth century brought a perfect storm of population pressures and rapid cooling. Recently recovered populations across Eurasia faced harvest failures, rising prices, and the threat or reality of famine, while early settlers in North America froze and starved in harsh winters. These pressures led to economic and political crises and then to chronic war and rebellion, first in such environmentally vulnerable regions as the Mediterranean but later across Eurasia. The mid-seventeenth century witnessed the culmination of these disasters, most of all in Europe and China but even in West Africa and Southeast Asia, justifying the designation “general crisis.” Extreme cold and famine continued through the 1690s and in the great winter of 1709. Most of the eighteenth century, however, brought a milder climate\" (p. 350).", "label": "Little Ice Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Locator: p. 350", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Little Ice Age", "LIA", "A General Crisis c.1580 to c.1710"]}, "id": "p0jk4xk2gz6", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0jgnvq": {"id": "p0jgnvq", "source": {"contributors": [], "creators": [], "id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877", "title": "The land of the elephant kings : space, territory, and ideology in the Seleucid Empire", "yearPublished": "2018"}, "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0jgnvqrs52": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "200 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0201"}, "label": "202 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Syria and Asia Minor", "label": "Fifth Syrian War", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fifth Syrian War"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 20", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqrs52", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqmp7x": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0280"}, "label": "281 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0293"}, "label": "294 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Asia", "label": "Second Period of Early Seleucid Involvement in Central Asia ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on page 59: \"There were two periods of early Seleucid royal involvement in Central Asia: the first, between Seleucus' resecuring of Babylonia and the Treaty of the Indus (307-304), and the second, during Antiochus I's coregentship (294-281).\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Period of Early Seleucid Involvement in Central Asia "]}, "source": {"locator": "page 59", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqmp7x", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvq3pj9": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0216"}, "label": "217 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0218"}, "label": "219 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Syria and Asia Minor", "label": "Fourth Syrian War", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fourth Syrian War"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 20", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvq3pj9", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvq47w4": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0063"}, "label": "64 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0310"}, "label": "311 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Asia", "label": "Seleucid Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on page 3: \"The Seleucid empire...extended chronologically from Seleucus I Nicator's conquest of Babylonia in 311 down to Pompey's provincialization of Syria in 64.\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seleucid Empire"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 3", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvq47w4", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqrtnf": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "2015"}, "label": "Present Day"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0310"}, "label": "311 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q805", "label": "Yemen"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Yemen", "label": "Yemeni Jewish Seleucid Era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on page 101: \"To this day the Yemeni Jewish community dates its documents and activities according to Seleucus I's return to Babylon after the battle of Gaza [311 BCE, 1 SE]....\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yemeni Jewish Seleucid Era"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 101", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqrtnf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqg55k": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0333"}, "label": "334 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "The Persian Empire", "label": "Alexander's Conquest of the Persian Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on page 16: \"He [Seleucus I] played a significant but not leading role during Alexander's conquest of the Persian empire (334-323).\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander's Conquest of the Persian Empire"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 16", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqg55k", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqwk9j": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0303"}, "label": "304 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0306"}, "label": "307 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Asia", "label": "First Period of Early Seleucid Involvement in Central Asia", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on page 59: \"There were two periods of early Seleucid royal involvement in Central Asia: the first, between Seleucus' resecuring of Babylonia and the Treaty of the Indus (307-304), and the second, during Antiochus I's coregentship (294-281).\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Period of Early Seleucid Involvement in Central Asia"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 59", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqwk9j", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqp27q": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0240"}, "label": "241 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0245"}, "label": "246 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Syria and Asia Minor", "label": "Third Syrian War", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Syrian War"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 19", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqp27q", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqrckg": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0167"}, "label": "168 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0169"}, "label": "170 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Syria and Asia Minor", "label": "Sixth Syrian War", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sixth Syrian War"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 2", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqrckg", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvq7wjq": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0222"}, "label": "223 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0280"}, "label": "281 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Second Period of Seleucid Political History", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on page 18: \"The second coherent period of Seleucid history covers the vertical inheritance of this [Seleucus I Nicator's] territory during the reigns of Antiochus I Soter (281-261), Antiochus II Theos (261-246), Seleucus II Callinicus (246-225), and Seleucus III Ceraunus (225-223).\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Period of Seleucid Political History"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 18", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvq7wjq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqkqhc": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0163"}, "label": "164 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0222"}, "label": "223 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Third Period of Seleucid Political History", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on page 19: \"The third period, that of the mature kingdom during the reigns of Antiochus III Megas (223-187), Seleucus IV Philopator (187-175), and Antiochus IV Epiphanes (175-164)....\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Period of Seleucid Political History", "Mature Seleucid Kingdom"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 19", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqkqhc", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqsm8t": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0063"}, "label": "64 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0311", "latestYear": "-0310"}, "label": "312/311 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Seleucid Era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Period start derived from discussion on page 100: \"The [Seleucid] era opened in 312 or 311, according to the Macedonian and Babylonian calendars, respectively....\" Period stop inferred from the date of the final dissolution of the Seleucid monarchy, as previously stated on page 3.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seleucid Era"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 100", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqsm8t", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqq27x": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0063", "latestYear": "-0062"}, "label": "64/63 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0163"}, "label": "164 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Fourth Period of Seleucid Political History", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on page 21: \"The fourth phase of Seleucid history, from Antiochus IV's death in 164 to the final dissolution of the kingdom in 64/3....\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fourth Period of Seleucid Political History"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 21", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqq27x", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqpqct": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0280"}, "label": "281 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0304"}, "label": "305 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "Seleucus I Nicator", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from Figure 2 on page 17: \"The house of Seleucus (simplified).\"", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seleucus I Nicator"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 16, figure 2", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqpqct", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqcxcd": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0252"}, "label": "253 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0259"}, "label": "260 BCE"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Syria and Asia Minor", "label": "Second Syrian War", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Syrian War"]}, "source": {"locator": "page 18", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqcxcd", "languageTag": "en"}, "p0jgnvqz83v": {"stop": {"in": {"year": "-0280"}, "label": "281 BCE"}, "start": {"in": {"year": "-0310"}, "label": "311 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Seleucid Empire", "label": "First Period of Seleucid Political History", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from discussion on pages 16: \"The empire's political history falls into four periods, beginning with the rise and reign of its eponymous founder, Seleucus I Nicator.\" ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Period of Seleucid Political History"]}, "source": {"locator": "pages 16-18", "partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028624877"}, "id": "p0jgnvqz83v", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p0mrv3s": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "title": "Introduzione allo studio di Pompei : (la città ed i monumenti publici) : corso universitario di Antichità Pompeiano dell'anno 1948-49", "yearPublished": "1949", "creators": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/73977684", "name": "Amedeo Maiuri"}], "contributors": []}, "id": "p0mrv3s", "editorialNote": "Maiuri refers to the painting periods of Mau (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrf) in his discussion of building periods, but does not explicitly give dates for them, instead giving rough and overlapping phases in relation to the building periods. ", "periods": {"p0mrv3s24cv": {"stop": {"label": "79 d.C.", "in": {"year": "0079"}}, "start": {"label": "80 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0079"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"III Fase - Età romana dalla fondazione della colonia sillana (80 a.C.) alla distruzione della città (79 d.C.)\" (page 88)\n\"Per primo il Fiorelli comprese la necessità di una divisione storica della edilizia pompeiana, e propose questa prima classificazione.\" (page 88)", "label": "III Fase ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "\"Phase III - Roman age from the foundation of the Sullan colony (80 BC) to the destruction of the city (79 AD)\" (page 88) This periodization is derived from Fiorelli (http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6411737), who first divided Pompeian building into phases but did not provide secure dating for any of them: \"Fiorelli was the first to understand the need for a historical division of Pompeian construction, and proposed this first classification.\" (page 88)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["III Fase ", "Età romana"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 88"}, "id": "p0mrv3s24cv", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3s7n99": {"stop": {"label": "63 d.C.", "in": {"year": "0063"}}, "start": {"label": "27 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0026"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"...più completo il Mau che suddivise l'edilizia pompeiana in fasi principali.\" (pages 88-89) \"Dal 27 a.C. al terremoto del 63 d.C. Caratteristica la tecnica del reticolato. È il periodo coevo del II e III e dell'inizio del IV stile della pittura parietale.\" (page 89)", "label": "5° periodo ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "\"Fifth Period\" is derived from Mau's building period (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrfcw9r), though Mau's period allows for several decades before the fall of the Republic for the start date of this period: \"...more complete is the Mau which divided the Pompeian building into main phases.\"(pages 88-89)\n\"From 27 BC to the earthquake of 63 AD. The reticulated technique is characteristic. It is the period of the second and third and the beginning of the fourth style of wall painting.\" (page 89)\" This refers to Mau's painting periods http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrfz36p, http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrf8ccs, and http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrf63k3. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["5° periodo "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 89"}, "id": "p0mrv3s7n99", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3scmp6": {"stop": {"label": "180 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0179"}}, "start": {"label": "300 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "label": "Periodo sannitico secondo", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "\"Periodo sannitico secondo\" translates to \"Second Samnite Period.\" This period refers to the chronology of fortifications at Pompeii. Maiuri does not explain the gap between this period and the Third Samnite Period. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["Periodo sannitico secondo"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 28"}, "id": "p0mrv3scmp6", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3sfqqp": {"stop": {"label": "300 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}, "start": {"label": "400 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0399"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "label": "Periodo sannitico primo", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "\"Periodo sannitico primo\" translates to \"First Samnite Period.\" \"Periodo paleosannitica\" translates to \"Paleo-Samnite Period.\" This period refers to the chronology of fortifications at Pompeii. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["Periodo sannitico primo", "Periodo paleosannitico"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 98"}, "id": "p0mrv3sfqqp", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3stgmf": {"stop": {"label": "90 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0089"}}, "start": {"label": "200 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0199"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"...più completo il Mau che suddivise l'edilizia pompeiana in fasi principali.\" (pages 88-89)\n\"È il periodo del tufo corrispondente alla seconda età sannitica (200-90 a.C.) e al I stile ad incrostazione della pittura parietale pompeiana.\"\n\"Anche questa classificazione del Mau non è ormai più aderente alla realtà e alla luce della nuove scoperte, sopratutto riguardo al periodo  pre-sannitico che ci si presenta con una varietà più complessa e con materiali finora non ancora conosciuti, quali in tufo tenero, usato dapprima da solo e poi insieme calcare. In secondo luogo non tutte le case ad atrio calcareo possono considerarsi oggi d'età sannitica.\" (page 90)", "label": "3° periodo", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "\"Third period,\" \"The period of tufa.\" (page 88) This periodization is derived from Mau (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrfz36p) and references Mau's first painting style (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrfz36p): \"...more complete is the Mau which divided the Pompeian building into main phases.\"(pages 88-89) \"It is the period of tufa corresponding to the Second Samnite Period (200-90 BC) and to the First Incrustation Style of Pompeian wall painting.\" (page 89) \n\nMaiuri provides a disclaimer about Mau's dating of the pre-Samnite and Samnite Periods, offering a more cautious approach to dating based on material: \"Even this classification of the Mau is no longer adheres to reality and in the light of new discoveries, especially with regard to the pre-Samnite Period which presents itself with a more complex variety and with materials so far not yet known, such as in soft tufa, first used alone and then together with limestone. Secondly, not all the limestone atrium houses can be considered today to be of the of the Samnite Age.\" (page 90)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["3° periodo", "il periodo del tufo "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 89"}, "id": "p0mrv3stgmf", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3s65z3": {"stop": {"label": "90 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0089"}}, "start": {"label": "120 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0119"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "label": "Periodo sannitico terzo", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "\"Periodo sannitico terzo\" translates to \"Third Samnite Period.\" This period refers to the chronology of fortifications at Pompeii. Maiuri does not explain the gap between the preceding Second Samnite Period and this one. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["Periodo sannitico terzo"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 99"}, "id": "p0mrv3s65z3", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3s6r78": {"stop": {"label": "VI secolo a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0500"}}, "start": {"label": "VI secolo a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0599"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"più completo il Mau che suddivise l'edilizia pompeiana in fasi principali: I periodo - corrispondente al VI secolo a.C.\" (pages 88-89)\n\n\"Anche questa classificazione del Mau non è ormai più aderente alla realtà e alla luce della nuove scoperte, sopratutto riguardo al periodo pre-sannitico che ci si presenta con una varietà più complessa e con materiali finora non ancora conosciuti, quali in tufo tenero, usato dapprima da solo e poi insieme calcare. In secondo luogo non tutte le case ad atrio calcareo possono considerarsi oggi d'età sannitica.\" (page 90)\n", "label": "I periodo ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "This period refers to the chronology of Roman building and translates to \"Period I\". Mauri derives this periodization from Mau (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrfg8cc), preferring it to Fiorelli's periodization (http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6411737): \"...more complete is the Mau which divided the Pompeian building into main phases: Period I - corresponding to the 6th century BC.\"  (pages 88-89) \nThis period is followed by a second building period, also from Mau (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrf), which does not have explicit dates, but an end around the time of the Second Punic War. (page 89)\n\n Maiuri provides a disclaimer about Mau's dating of the pre-Samnite and Samnite Periods, offering a more cautious approach to dating based on material: \"Even this classification of the Mau is no longer adheres to reality and in the light of new discoveries, especially with regard to the pre-Samnite Period which presents itself with a more complex variety and with materials so far not yet known, such as in soft tufa, first used alone and then together with limestone. Secondly, not all the limestone atrium houses can be considered today to be of the of the Samnite Age.\" (page 90)\n\n", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["I periodo "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 88-89"}, "id": "p0mrv3s6r78", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3spzxt": {"stop": {"label": "79 d.C.", "in": {"year": "0079"}}, "start": {"label": "80 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0079"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "label": "Epoca romana", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "\"Epoca romana\" translates to \"Roman era.\" This period refers to the chronology of fortifications at Pompeii. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["Epoca romana"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 100"}, "id": "p0mrv3spzxt", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3sjb63": {"stop": {"label": "79", "in": {"year": "0079"}}, "start": {"label": "63", "in": {"year": "0063"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"...più completo il Mau che suddivise l'edilizia pompeiana in fasi principali.\" (pages 88-89) \n\"Sono gli ultimi 16 anni della città compresi fra due disastri, quello tellurico del 63 e la tremenda eruzione vesuviana del 79: ultime fase del IV stile.\" (page 90) ", "label": "6° periodo", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "Derived from Mau's building periods (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrfrq35): \"...more complete is the Mau which divided the Pompeian building into main phases.\"(pages 88-89) \"These are the last 16 years of the city between two disasters, the earthquake of 63 and the tremendous Vesuvian eruption of 79: the last phase of the fourth style.\" (page 90) This refers to Mau's fourth wall painting style (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrf63k3). ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["6° periodo"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 90"}, "id": "p0mrv3sjb63", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3spnvw": {"stop": {"label": "presannitica", "in": {"year": "-0419"}}, "start": {"label": "presannitica", "in": {"year": "-0473"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"I Fase - Età calcarea che faceva coincidere con quella presannitica.\" (page 88)\n\"Per primo il Fiorelli comprese la necessità di una divisione storica della edilizia pompeiana, e propose questa prima classificazione.\" (page 88)\n", "label": "I Fase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "Translates to \"Phase I\" and \"Limestone Age.\" Dates are derived from the dates Maiuri gives for the Pre-Samnite/Oscan Period, since this period \"coincided with the Pre-Samnite one.\" (page 88) This periodization is derived from Fiorelli (http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6411737), who first divided Pompeian building into phases but did not provide secure dating for any of them: \"Fiorelli was the first to understand the need for a historical division of Pompeian construction, and proposed this first classification.\" (page 88)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["I Fase", "Età calcarea"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 88"}, "id": "p0mrv3spnvw", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3sn822": {"stop": {"label": "420 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0419"}}, "start": {"label": "474 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0473"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"Da queste esplorazioni condotte nei diversi settori delle mura, il tipo e lo sviluppo della fortificazione pompeiana può essere brevemente riassunto nella seguente esposizione cronologica\" (page 97)\n\"Questo primo periodo della fortificazione pompeiana si chiude con l'espugnazione della città da parte dei Sanniti.\" (page 97)", "label": "Periodo osco", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "\"Periodo osco\" translates to \"Oscan Period,\" and \"Periodo Presannitico\" translates to \"Pre-Samnite Period.\" This period refers to the chronology of fortifications at Pompeii. \nTranslations of source notes: \"From these explorations conducted in the different sectors of the walls, the type and development of the Pompeian fortification can be briefly summarized in the following chronological exposition.\" (page 97)\n\"This first period of the Pompeian fortification ended with the conquest of the city by the Samnites.\" (page 97)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["Periodo osco", "Periodo presannitico"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 97"}, "id": "p0mrv3sn822", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3s7t44": {"stop": {"label": "27 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0027"}}, "start": {"label": "a. 80 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0079"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"...più completo il Mau che suddivise l'edilizia pompeiana in fasi principali.\" (pages 88-89)\n\"Età romana repubblicana (a. 80 - 27 a.C.)\" \"...appare in esso il secondo stile del la pittura parietale.\" (page 89)", "label": "4° periodo   ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "Translates to \"Third Period\" and \"Roman Republican Era.\" Derived from Mau's building period (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrfz228): \"...more complete is the Mau which divided the Pompeian building into main phases.\" (pages 88-89)  It also references Mau's second painting style (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p03xjrf7pkp): \"The second style of wall painting appears in it.\" (page 89) ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["4° periodo   ", "Età romana repubblicana"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 89"}, "id": "p0mrv3s7t44", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3spd6g": {"stop": {"label": "430 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0429"}}, "start": {"label": "474 a.C.", "in": {"year": "-0473"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "label": "epoca di costruzione", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "This period refers to the chronology of fortification at Pompeii. \"Era of construction\" falls within the \"Periodo osco\" (Oscan Period) (page 97)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["epoca di costruzione"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 97"}, "id": "p0mrv3spd6g", "languageTag": "it"}, "p0mrv3sczq3": {"stop": {"label": "età sannitica", "in": {"year": "-0089"}}, "start": {"label": "età sannitica", "in": {"year": "-0399"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Pompeii", "note": "\"Fase III - Età tufacea corrispondente all'età sannitica.\" (page 88)\n\"Per primo il Fiorelli comprese la necessità di una divisione storica della edilizia pompeiana, e propose questa prima classificazione.\" (page 88)", "label": "II Fase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/it", "editorialNote": "Translates to \"Phase III\" and \"Tufa Age.\" Start date is derived from the date Maiuri provides for the First Samnite Period and end date is derived from the date for the Third Samnite Period since this age \"corresponds to the Samnite Era.\" (page 88)\nThis periodization is derived from Fiorelli (http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6411737), who first divided Pompeian building into phases but did not provide secure dating for any of them: \"Fiorelli was the first to understand the need for a historical division of Pompeian construction, and proposed this first classification.\" (page 88)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"it": ["II Fase", "Età tufacea"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/600657650", "locator": "page 88"}, "id": "p0mrv3sczq3", "languageTag": "it"}}}, "p0mrr9c": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"creators": [{"name": "Annette Yoshiko Reed"}], "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "citation": "Reed, A.Y. 2012. “Second Temple Judaism.” Oxford Bibliographies. doi:10.1093/obo/9780195393361-0087.\n", "title": "Second Temple Judaism", "url": "https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195393361/obo-9780195393361-0087.xml", "yearPublished": "2012"}, "id": "p0mrr9c", "periods": {"p0mrr9cn2rq": {"stop": {"label": "70 CE, into the 2nd century CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0070", "latestYear": "0199"}}, "start": {"label": "538 to 515 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0537", "latestYear": "-0514"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39760", "label": "Gaza Strip"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}], "url": "https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195393361/obo-9780195393361-0087.xml", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Land of Israel, Diaspora (especially Egypt)", "note": "““Second Temple Judaism” is a common designation for the Jewish traditions that flourished between the return of exiles from Babylon and the rebuilding of the Jerusalem Temple under Persian patronage from 538 to 515 BCE, and the destruction of the Temple by Roman forces in 70 CE. In practice, research on the period often focuses on the 4th century BCE and following, and stretches into the 2nd century CE” (Introduction).\n\n“Evidence for Second Temple Judaism includes Jewish literature in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek, as well as material and documentary data from the Land of Israel and the Diaspora (especially Egypt)” (Primary Sources in Translation).\n", "label": "Second Temple Judaism", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage extent inferred conservatively from reference to \"the Land of Israel\" and \"the Diaspora (especially Egypt)\"; true extent of \"the Diaspora\" probably greater.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Temple Judaism"]}, "id": "p0mrr9cn2rq", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p04m9wm": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"creators": [{"name": "Seth Schwartz"}], "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "citation": "Schwartz, S. 2004. “Historiography on the Jews in the ‘Talmudic Period’ (70–640 CE).” The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Studies, ed. M. Goodman. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199280322.013.0005. Published online 2009.", "title": "Historiography on the Jews in the ‘Talmudic Period’ (70–640 CE)", "url": "https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199280322.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199280322-e-5", "yearPublished": "2004"}, "id": "p04m9wm", "periods": {"p04m9wmmfkf": {"stop": {"label": "c. 640 CE", "in": {"year": "0640"}}, "start": {"label": "70 CE", "in": {"year": "0070"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "url": "https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199280322.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199280322-e-5", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt, Libya, Judea, Palestine, several other places", "note": "“This article presents a narrative history of the Jews between the destruction of the Second Temple (70 ce) and the Arab conquest of Palestine (c.640 CE). After the destruction, Palestine was made into a standard Roman province in a way which at least curtailed the Jews' traditional autonomy. Nevertheless, the Jews rebelled again, with disastrous results. The Diaspora Revolt (115–17 CE) seems to have ended in the decimation or destruction of the Jewish settlements in Egypt, Libya, and several other places, while the Bar Kokhba Revolt (132–5) brought an end to the Jews' hopes for the restoration of Jerusalem and the Temple and, more tangibly, to Jewish settlement in the district of Judaea. The historiography of the past sixty years on the Jews in the ‘Talmud period’ can be divided into two very broad tendencies, which may be designated Israeli and non-Israeli\" (Abstract).", "label": "Talmudic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage extent inferred conservatively from references to places (Judea, Palestine, Egypt, Libya) in text; actual coverage probably more extensive.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Talmudic Period"]}, "id": "p04m9wmmfkf", "languageTag": "en"}, "p04m9wmjv9q": {"stop": {"label": "117 CE", "in": {"year": "0117"}}, "start": {"label": "115 CE", "in": {"year": "0115"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}], "url": "https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199280322.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199280322-e-5", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt, Libya, Judea, Palestine, several other places", "note": "“This article presents a narrative history of the Jews between the destruction of the Second Temple (70 ce) and the Arab conquest of Palestine (c.640 CE). After the destruction, Palestine was made into a standard Roman province in a way which at least curtailed the Jews' traditional autonomy. Nevertheless, the Jews rebelled again, with disastrous results. The Diaspora Revolt (115–17 CE) seems to have ended in the decimation or destruction of the Jewish settlements in Egypt, Libya, and several other places, while the Bar Kokhba Revolt (132–5) brought an end to the Jews' hopes for the restoration of Jerusalem and the Temple and, more tangibly, to Jewish settlement in the district of Judaea. The historiography of the past sixty years on the Jews in the ‘Talmud period’ can be divided into two very broad tendencies, which may be designated Israeli and non-Israeli\" (Abstract).", "label": "Diaspora Revolt", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Diaspora Revolt"]}, "id": "p04m9wmjv9q", "languageTag": "en"}}}, "p06m4n4": {"type": "Authority", "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "title": "Petra Great Temple. Volume III, Brown University excavations 1993-2008 : architecture and material culture", "yearPublished": "2017", "creators": [], "contributors": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/3890073224#Person/joukowsky_martha_sharp_1936", "name": "Martha Sharp Joukowsky"}]}, "id": "p06m4n4", "periods": {"p06m4n4n33s": {"stop": {"label": "A.D. 640", "in": {"year": "0640"}}, "start": {"label": "A.D. 551", "in": {"year": "0551"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Site Phase XII", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Site Phase XI, which is not clearly periodized with start and end dates, would overlap with Site Phase XII. Phase XI is described as \"Post-A.D. 551 earthquake.\" Later periods do not have clear dates: Site Phase XIII is \"Islamic period\" and Site Phase XIV is \"Modern period.\" (page 17)", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Site Phase XII", "Late Byzantine"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "locator": "page 17"}, "id": "p06m4n4n33s", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06m4n4gt8m": {"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0113", "latestYear": "0114"}, "label": "113/114 earthquake"}, "start": {"label": "A.D. 106", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Site Phase VI", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Site Phase VI"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "locator": "page 17"}, "id": "p06m4n4gt8m", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06m4n4jp3j": {"stop": {"label": "mid-1st c. B.C.", "in": {"year": "-0032"}}, "start": {"label": "mid-1st c. B.C.", "in": {"year": "-0065"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Pre-Site Phase-I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This periodization seems to contradict the date of \"c. Pre-1st c. B.C.\" given on the same page. It also overlaps with the dates given for Site Phase II on the same page. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Site Phase-I", "Pre-Phase I"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "locator": "page 17"}, "id": "p06m4n4jp3j", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06m4n4bg4x": {"stop": {"label": "1st c. A.D. ", "in": {"earliestYear": "0001", "latestYear": "0100"}}, "start": {"label": "c. mid- to late 1st c. B.C.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0065", "latestYear": "0000"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Site Phase III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "This period overlaps with subsequent periods Phase IV and Phase V. No more specific end date is given. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Site Phase III"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "locator": "page 17"}, "id": "p06m4n4bg4x", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06m4n4ww5w": {"stop": {"label": "mid- 2nd c. A.D. ", "in": {"earliestYear": "0133", "latestYear": "0165"}}, "start": {"label": "mid-2nd c. A.D. ", "in": {"earliestYear": "0133", "latestYear": "0165"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Site Phase VII", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "The same periodization is given on page 23. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Site Phase VII"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "locator": "page 17"}, "id": "p06m4n4ww5w", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06m4n4jcs5": {"stop": {"label": "A.D. 325", "in": {"year": "0325"}}, "start": {"label": "A.D. 106", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Roman period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "The end date of this periodization differs from the general chronology in footnote 12 on page 16, which is derived from Rast, 1992, page 45 (http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/246795860). It extends the Late Roman period to 360 A.D.", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman period"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "locator": "page 16"}, "id": "p06m4n4jcs5", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06m4n4w8pp": {"stop": {"label": "1st c. A.D.", "in": {"year": "0099"}}, "start": {"label": "1st c. A.D.", "in": {"year": "0001"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Site Phase V", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Site Phase V"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "locator": "page 17"}, "id": "p06m4n4w8pp", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06m4n4bn2n": {"stop": {"label": "c. 5th c. A.D.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0400", "latestYear": "0499"}}, "start": {"label": "c. 4th c. A.D.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0300", "latestYear": "0399"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "label": "Phase X", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "The preceding Site Phase IX is given as \"A.D. 363 earthquake.\" The succeeding Site Phase XI is given as \"Post-A.D. 551 earthquake,\" which would overlap at least partly with Site Phase XII. Neither Phase IX nor Phase XI are periodized here because they lack secure start and end dates. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phase X"]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "locator": "page 17"}, "id": "p06m4n4bn2n", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06m4n4rbmq": {"stop": {"label": "A.D. 106", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "start": {"label": "312 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-0311"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"The Nabatean period extends from the earliest reference to the Nabateans in 312 B.C. by Diodorus Siculus to the Roman annexation in A.D. 106.\" (page 16) ", "label": "Nabatean period ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "Derived from http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/246795860, page 45. ", "type": "Period", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nabatean period "]}, "source": {"partOf": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959593972", "locator": "page 16"}, "id": "p06m4n4rbmq", "languageTag": "en"}, "p06m4n4g3xs": {"stop": {"label": "the early years of the 1st c. A.D.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0001", "latestYear": "0033"}}, "start": {"label": "the last quarter of the 1st c. B.C.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0024", "latestYear": "-0000"}}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Petra", "note": "\"dated roughly from the last quarter of the 1st c. B.C. to the early years of the 1st c. A.D.\" (page 19)", "label": "Site Phase IV", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "editorialNote": "On page 17, this chronology is given more broadly: \"c. 1st c. B.C. - 1st c. 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"localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0wz8jkpts9"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rom", "start": {"label": "620 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0619"}}, "stop": {"label": "509 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}}, "p093ht3z7nc": {"id": "p093ht3z7nc", "type": "Period", "label": "Republikanische Zeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republican"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0wz8jkhnwr"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rom", "start": {"label": "509 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}, "stop": {"label": "31 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0030"}}}, "p093ht3fhms": {"id": "p093ht3fhms", "type": "Period", "label": "frührepublikanisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Republican"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0wz8jk3mrn"], "broader": "p093ht3z7nc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rom", "start": {"label": "509 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}, "stop": {"label": "367 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0366"}}}, "p093ht3wg2p": {"id": "p093ht3wg2p", "type": "Period", "label": "mittelrepublikanisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Republican"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0wz8jksgfd"], "broader": "p093ht3z7nc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rom", "start": {"label": "367 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0366"}}, "stop": {"label": "202 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0201"}}}, "p093ht37svm": {"id": "p093ht37svm", "type": "Period", "label": "spätrepublikanisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Republican"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0wz8jkj3rn"], "broader": "p093ht3z7nc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rom", "start": {"label": "202 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0201"}}, "stop": {"label": "31 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0030"}}}, "p093ht33kbq": {"id": "p093ht33kbq", "type": "Period", "label": "Frühe Kaiserzeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Imperial"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0wz8jk87w4"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rom", "start": {"label": "31 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0030"}}, "stop": {"label": "68 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0068"}}}, "p093ht3sk4d": {"id": "p093ht3sk4d", "type": "Period", "label": "Mittlere Kaiserzeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Imperial"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0wz8jk25n6"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rom", "start": {"label": "69 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0069"}}, "stop": {"label": "192 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0192"}}}, "p093ht358kw": {"id": "p093ht358kw", "type": "Period", "label": "Späte Kaiserzeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Imperial"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0wz8jkpzj8"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rom", "start": {"label": "193 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0193"}}, "stop": {"label": "306 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0306"}}}, "p093ht3vgtz": {"id": "p093ht3vgtz", "type": "Period", "label": "Spätantike", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Antique"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0wz8jkqg76"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rom", "start": {"label": "ab 306 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0306"}}, "stop": {"label": "none", "in": {"year": "0395"}}, "editorialNote": "No end date for this period provided in the chronological chart, probably because Hölscher does not provide an explicit end date in his chronological chart. We have provided a value of 0395, following Hölscher, so that the temporal coverage can be visualized."}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57170430", "title": "Archäologie und Chronologie : eine Einführung", "yearPublished": "2004", "creators": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/46980683", "name": "Balbina Bäbler"}], "locator": "p. 42"}, "editorialNote": "Definitions drawn from chart at beginning of section 8 in \"Relative Chronologie\", entitled \"Die Einteilung der Stilentwicklung in Epochen\" (p. 42). A citation at the bottom of the chart notes \"Nach T. Hölscher, Klassische Archäologie. Grundwissen, Darmstadt 2002, 34f. 40f.\""}, "p02kbfn": {"id": "p02kbfn", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p02kbfnt7w4": {"id": "p02kbfnt7w4", "type": "Period", "label": "Gumelnița Culture", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4199"}, "label": "4200 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3699"}, "label": "3700 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gumelnița Culture"]}}, "p02kbfnmbrc": {"id": "p02kbfnmbrc", "type": "Period", "label": "Hamangia Culture", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5199"}, "label": "5200 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4599"}, "label": "4600 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hamangia Culture"]}}, "p02kbfn9m89": {"id": "p02kbfn9m89", "type": "Period", "label": "Boian Culture", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boian Culture"]}}, "p02kbfn665m": {"id": "p02kbfn665m", "type": "Period", "label": "Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht32pb9"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"label": "650/640 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0649", "latestYear": "-0639"}}, "stop": {"label": "494/480 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0493", "latestYear": "-0479"}}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}}, "p02kbfn578j": {"id": "p02kbfn578j", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht3gjq6"], "broader": "p02kbfn665m", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"label": "650/640 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0649", "latestYear": "-0639"}}, "stop": {"label": "620 BC", "in": {"year": "-0619"}}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Archaic"]}}, "p02kbfnbsw5": {"id": "p02kbfnbsw5", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht339v4"], "broader": "p02kbfn665m", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0619"}, "label": "620 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0559"}, "label": "560 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Archaic"]}}, "p02kbfn3x44": {"id": "p02kbfn3x44", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht3vw2k"], "broader": "p02kbfn665m", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0559"}, "label": "560 BC"}, "stop": {"label": "494/480 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0493", "latestYear": "-0479"}}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic"]}}, "p02kbfndbhx": {"id": "p02kbfndbhx", "type": "Period", "label": "Classical", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht3d5fh"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"label": "494/480 BC", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0493", "latestYear": "-0479"}}, "stop": {"label": "323 BC", "in": {"year": "-0322"}}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical"]}}, "p02kbfn2ntq": {"id": "p02kbfn2ntq", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Classical", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht3vthw"], "broader": "p02kbfndbhx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0493", "latestYear": "-0479"}, "label": "494/480 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Classical"]}}, "p02kbfnz6hg": {"id": "p02kbfnz6hg", "type": "Period", "label": "High Classical", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht3d83b"], "broader": "p02kbfndbhx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "450 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Classical"]}}, "p02kbfnfj9x": {"id": "p02kbfnfj9x", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Classical", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht3w362"], "broader": "p02kbfndbhx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "400 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Classical"]}}, "p02kbfnbrx6": {"id": "p02kbfnbrx6", "type": "Period", "label": "Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht369w3"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0028", "latestYear": "-0027"}, "label": "29/28 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic"]}}, "p02kbfnj6p9": {"id": "p02kbfnj6p9", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht39wmr"], "broader": "p02kbfnbrx6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0322"}, "label": "323 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0269", "latestYear": "-0259"}, "label": "270/260 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Hellenistic"]}}, "p02kbfnssp8": {"id": "p02kbfnssp8", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Hellenistic I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht3krgb"], "broader": "p02kbfnbrx6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0269", "latestYear": "-0259"}, "label": "270/260 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "200 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Hellenistic I"]}}, "p02kbfnzcw2": {"id": "p02kbfnzcw2", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Hellenistic II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht3krgb"], "broader": "p02kbfnbrx6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "200 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "100 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Hellenistic II"]}}, "p02kbfn9cmf": {"id": "p02kbfn9cmf", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p093ht3tw3n"], "broader": "p02kbfnbrx6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "ca. 100 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0028", "latestYear": "-0027"}, "label": "29/28 BC"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Hellenistic"]}}, "p02kbfntrkb": {"id": "p02kbfntrkb", "type": "Period", "label": "Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0028", "latestYear": "-0027"}, "label": "29/28 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0330"}, "label": "330 AD"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"]}}, "p02kbfnp5nm": {"id": "p02kbfnp5nm", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman-Byzantine"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "0330"}, "label": "330 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0641"}, "label": "641 AD"}}, "p02kbfnjzvg": {"id": "p02kbfnjzvg", "type": "Period", "label": "Ottoman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "1420"}, "label": "1420"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1878"}, "label": "1878"}, "note": "closeMatch with http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p06v8w46tp2.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ottoman"]}}, "p02kbfn2pg2": {"id": "p02kbfn2pg2", "type": "Period", "label": "World War I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "1916"}, "label": "1916"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["World War I"]}}, "p02kbfnhr7c": {"id": "p02kbfnhr7c", "type": "Period", "label": "Interwar", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "1918"}, "label": "1918"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Interwar"]}}, "p02kbfnm62d": {"id": "p02kbfnm62d", "type": "Period", "label": "World War II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "1941"}, "label": "1941"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["World War II"]}}, "p02kbfnnr2r": {"id": "p02kbfnnr2r", "type": "Period", "label": "Communist", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"label": "1945/1949", "in": {"earliestYear": "1945", "latestYear": "1949"}}, "stop": {"label": "1989", "in": {"year": "1989"}}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Communist"]}}, "p02kbfnczjp": {"id": "p02kbfnczjp", "type": "Period", "label": "Post-Communist", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobruja", "start": {"in": {"year": "1989"}, "label": "1989"}, "stop": {"label": "present", "in": {"year": "2020"}}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post-Communist"]}}}, "source": {"citation": "Institute of Archaeology \"Vasile Pârvan\". Romanian Dobruja periodization for ARIADNEplus. 2020.", "title": "Romanian Dobruja Periodization for ARIADNEplus", "yearPublished": "2020", "creators": [{"name": "Institute of Archaeology \"Vasile Pârvan\""}], "contributors": [{"name": "Iulian Bîrzescu"}, {"name": "Cătălin Nicolae"}, {"name": "Tiberiu Vasilescu"}]}}, "p0wz8jk": {"id": "p0wz8jk", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0wz8jkchvj": {"id": "p0wz8jkchvj", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "Frühe Ägäische Bronzezeit I-III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Aegean Bronze Age I-III"], "de": ["frühminoisch", "frühhelladisch", "frühkykladisch"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "3200 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-3199"}}, "stop": {"label": "2100 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2099"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from the title of the chronological table on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkxpc8": {"id": "p0wz8jkxpc8", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "Mittlere Ägäische Bronzezeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Aegean Bronze Age"], "de": ["mittelminoisch", "mittelhelladisch", "mittelkykladisch"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "2100 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2099"}}, "stop": {"label": "1700 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1699"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkzj4c": {"id": "p0wz8jkzj4c", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "MM / MH I-II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan/Middle Helladic I-II"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jkxpc8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "2100 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2099"}}, "stop": {"label": "1800 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1799"}}, "note": "Alte Paläste, Kreta.", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk267v": {"id": "p0wz8jk267v", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "MM / MH III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Minoan/Middle Helladic III"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jkxpc8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1800 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1799"}}, "stop": {"label": "1700 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1699"}}, "note": "Neue Paläste, Kreta.", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk6vmx": {"id": "p0wz8jk6vmx", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "Späte Ägäische Bronzezeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Aegean Bronze Age"], "de": ["spätminoisch", "späthelladisch", "spätkykladisch"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1700 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1699"}}, "stop": {"label": "1050 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1049"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkd2wp": {"id": "p0wz8jkd2wp", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "SM I A / SH I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IA/Late Helladic I"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk6vmx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1700 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1699"}}, "stop": {"label": "1600 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1599"}}, "note": "Schachtgräber Mykene, Eruption Thera", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkw8v3": {"id": "p0wz8jkw8v3", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "SM I B / SH II A", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IB/Late Helladic IIA"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk6vmx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1600 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1599"}}, "stop": {"label": "1500 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1499"}}, "note": "\"Zerstörung der Neuen Paläste\". Date range noted as \"außer Knossos\".", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk7f57": {"id": "p0wz8jk7f57", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "SM II / SH II B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan II/Late Helladic IIB"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk6vmx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1500 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1499"}}, "stop": {"label": "1450 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1449"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkjvng": {"id": "p0wz8jkjvng", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "SM III A1 / SH III A1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan III A1/Late Helladic III A1"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk6vmx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1450 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1449"}}, "stop": {"label": "1400 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1399"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkmdnj": {"id": "p0wz8jkmdnj", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "SM III A2 / SH III A2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan III A2/Late Helladic III A2"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk6vmx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1400 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1399"}}, "stop": {"label": "1350 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1349"}}, "note": "Zerstörung u. Wiederaufbau von Knossos.", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkj69k": {"id": "p0wz8jkj69k", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "SM III B / SH III B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan III B/Late Helladic III B"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk6vmx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1350 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1349"}}, "stop": {"label": "1200 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "note": "\"myken. Burgen um 1200 zerstört\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkd8zt": {"id": "p0wz8jkd8zt", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "SM III C / SH III C", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Minoan IIIC/Late Helladic IIIC"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk6vmx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1200 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "stop": {"label": "1050 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1049"}}, "note": "\"Ende der myken. Kultur\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkphg9": {"id": "p0wz8jkphg9", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "Subminoische/-mykenische Epoche", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Subminoan/Submycenaean", "Dark Ages"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1050 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1049"}}, "stop": {"label": "1000 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "note": "\"Dark Ages\" provided as gloss in English for this period in chart.", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkw454": {"id": "p0wz8jkw454", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "Protogeometrische Epoche", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Protogeometric"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1000 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "stop": {"label": "900 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0899"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk56j7": {"id": "p0wz8jk56j7", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "Geometrische Epoche", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Geometric"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "900 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0899"}}, "stop": {"label": "700 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0699"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkpxx8": {"id": "p0wz8jkpxx8", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "frühgeometrisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Geometric"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk56j7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "900 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0899"}}, "stop": {"label": "850 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0849"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk2fqt": {"id": "p0wz8jk2fqt", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "mittelgeometrisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Geometric"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk56j7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "850 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0849"}}, "stop": {"label": "760 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0759"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkgsxv": {"id": "p0wz8jkgsxv", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "spätgeometrisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["protoarchaisch"], "en": ["Late Geometric", "Protoarchaic"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk56j7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "760 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0759"}}, "stop": {"label": "700 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0699"}}, "note": "\"Entstehung der Polis-Kultur, Erste Gründungen von 'Kolonie'-Städten\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk5z6x": {"id": "p0wz8jk5z6x", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "Archaische Epoche", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "700 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0699"}}, "stop": {"label": "490/80 v.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0489", "latestYear": "-0479"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk6r9h": {"id": "p0wz8jk6r9h", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "früharchaisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["orientalisierend"], "en": ["Early Archaic", "Orientalizing"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk5z6x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "700 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0699"}}, "stop": {"label": "620 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0619"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk7j96": {"id": "p0wz8jk7j96", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "mittelarchaisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Archaic"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk5z6x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "620 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0619"}}, "stop": {"label": "560 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0559"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkwvk4": {"id": "p0wz8jkwvk4", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "spätarchaisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk5z6x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "560 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0559"}}, "stop": {"label": "490/80 v.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0489", "latestYear": "-0479"}}, "note": "\"561-510 Tyrannis der Peisistratiden in Athen\"; \"508/7 Reformen des Kleisthenes\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk8vx3": {"id": "p0wz8jk8vx3", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "Klassische Epoche", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "490/80 v.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0489", "latestYear": "-0479"}}, "stop": {"label": "330/20 v.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0329", "latestYear": "-0319"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkxvwz": {"id": "p0wz8jkxvwz", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "Strenger Stil", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Severe Style"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk8vx3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "490/80 v.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0489", "latestYear": "-0479"}}, "stop": {"label": "450 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0449"}}, "note": "\"490/80 Perserkriege\"; \"478/77 Delisch-Attischer Seebund\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkvm9p": {"id": "p0wz8jkvm9p", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "Hochklassik", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Classical"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk8vx3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "450 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0449"}}, "stop": {"label": "430 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0429"}}, "note": "\"Kimon, Perikles\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jktrdd": {"id": "p0wz8jktrdd", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "Reicher Stil", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Rich Style"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk8vx3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "430 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0429"}}, "stop": {"label": "400 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0399"}}, "note": "\"431-404 Peloponnes. Krieg\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk8ckg": {"id": "p0wz8jk8ckg", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "Spätklassik", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Classical"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk8vx3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "400 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0399"}}, "stop": {"label": "330/20 v.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0329", "latestYear": "-0319"}}, "note": "\"Lykurg von Athen\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk889b": {"id": "p0wz8jk889b", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "Hellenistische Epoche", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "330/20 v.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0329", "latestYear": "-0319"}}, "stop": {"label": "30 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0029"}}, "note": "\"336-323 Alexander d.Gr.; Reiche/Monarchien: -- Makedonian/Pella Antigoniden <br> -- Asien/Antiochia Seleukiden <br> -- Ägypten/Alexandria Ptolemäer <br> -- Kleinasien/Pergamon Attaliden\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\", together with the areas defined by the note on kingdoms."}, "p0wz8jkt6ts": {"id": "p0wz8jkt6ts", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "frühhellenistisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Hellenistic"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk889b", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "330/20 v.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0329", "latestYear": "-0319"}}, "stop": {"label": "230 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0229"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\", together with the areas defined by the note on kingdoms."}, "p0wz8jkj5r6": {"id": "p0wz8jkj5r6", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "hochhellenistisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Hellenistic"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk889b", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "230 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0229"}}, "stop": {"label": "150 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0149"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\", together with the areas defined by the note on kingdoms."}, "p0wz8jkzd2q": {"id": "p0wz8jkzd2q", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "späthellenistisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Hellenistic"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk889b", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Griechische Kultur", "start": {"label": "150 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0149"}}, "stop": {"label": "30 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0029"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from title of chronological chart on p. 34-35: \"Griechische Kultur\", together with the areas defined by the note on kingdoms."}, "p0wz8jkwg9v": {"id": "p0wz8jkwg9v", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "Früheisenzeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Iron Age"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "1000 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "stop": {"label": "620 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0619"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkpts9": {"id": "p0wz8jkpts9", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "Archaische Zeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Königszeit"], "en": ["Archaic", "Regal"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "620 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0619"}}, "stop": {"label": "509 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}, "note": "\"Etruskische Könige in Rom\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkhnwr": {"id": "p0wz8jkhnwr", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "Republikanische Zeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Republican"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "509 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}, "stop": {"label": "31 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0030"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk3mrn": {"id": "p0wz8jk3mrn", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "frührepublikanisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Republican"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jkhnwr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "509 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}, "stop": {"label": "367 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0366"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jksgfd": {"id": "p0wz8jksgfd", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "mittelrepublikanisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Republican"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jkhnwr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "367 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0366"}}, "stop": {"label": "202 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0201"}}, "note": "\"264-241 1. punischer Krieg\"; \"218-201 2. punischer Krieg\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkj3rn": {"id": "p0wz8jkj3rn", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "spätrepublikanisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Republican"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jkhnwr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17167", "label": "Roman Republic"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "202 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0201"}}, "stop": {"label": "31 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0030"}}, "note": "\"149-146 3. punischer Krieg\"; \"146 Eroberung Korinths\"; \"133 'Schenkung' von Pergamon an Rom\"; \"Marius, Sulla; Pompeius, Caesar\"", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk87w4": {"id": "p0wz8jk87w4", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "Frühe Kaiserzeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Imperial"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "31 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0030"}}, "stop": {"label": "68 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0068"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkh2sg": {"id": "p0wz8jkh2sg", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "Iulisch-claudisch", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Julio-Claudian"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk87w4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "31 v.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0030"}}, "stop": {"label": "68 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0068"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkfn27": {"id": "p0wz8jkfn27", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "Vierkaiserjahr", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Year of the Four Emperors"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk87w4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "68 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0068"}}, "stop": {"label": "69 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0069"}}, "note": "This is included as a subperiod under \"Frühe Kaiserzeit\" even though the parent period is described as ending in 68 CE.", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jk25n6": {"id": "p0wz8jk25n6", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "Mittlere Kaiserzeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Imperial"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q851", "label": "Saudi Arabia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "69 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0069"}}, "stop": {"label": "192 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0192"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkr22s": {"id": "p0wz8jkr22s", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "Flavische Dynastie", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Flavian Dynasty"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk25n6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q851", "label": "Saudi Arabia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "69 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0069"}}, "stop": {"label": "96 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0096"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkr7qq": {"id": "p0wz8jkr7qq", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 40"}, "label": "'Adoptivkaiser'", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Adopted Emperors"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jk25n6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q851", "label": "Saudi Arabia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "96 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0096"}}, "stop": {"label": "192 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0192"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkpzj8": {"id": "p0wz8jkpzj8", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 41"}, "label": "Späte Kaiserzeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Imperial"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "193 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0193"}}, "stop": {"label": "312/324 n.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0312", "latestYear": "0324"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkvvm6": {"id": "p0wz8jkvvm6", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 41"}, "label": "Severer", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Severans"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jkpzj8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q145", "label": "United Kingdom"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "193 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0193"}}, "stop": {"label": "235 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0235"}}, "note": "Pertinax is listed separately in 193 CE in the chronological chart.", "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\". No separate entry has been made for Pertinax, although he is not included among the Severans in the chronological chart."}, "p0wz8jk7ndt": {"id": "p0wz8jk7ndt", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 41"}, "label": "Soldatenkaiser", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Soldier-Emperors"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jkpzj8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": 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"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "235 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0235"}}, "stop": {"label": "284 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0284"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkwvq9": {"id": "p0wz8jkwvq9", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 41"}, "label": "Tetrarchen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tetrarchs"]}, "broader": "p0wz8jkpzj8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": 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"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "284 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0284"}}, "stop": {"label": "312/324 n.Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0312", "latestYear": "0324"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\"."}, "p0wz8jkqg76": {"id": "p0wz8jkqg76", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 41"}, "label": "Spätantike", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Antique"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219060", "label": "State of Palestine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Römische Kultur", "start": {"label": "ab 306 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0306"}}, "stop": {"label": "395 n.Chr.", "in": {"year": "0395"}}, "editorialNote": "Spatial coverage inferred from historical developments and title of chronological chart on p. 40-41: \"Epochengliederung der römischen Kultur\". Latest date in the chronological chart is the end of the reign of Theodosius in 395 CE, so this has been taken as the end date of this period according to this authority."}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/936795593", "title": "Klassische Archäologie : Grundwissen", "yearPublished": "2002", "creators": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/423581023#Person/holscher_tonio", "name": "Tonio Hölscher"}], "contributors": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/423581023#Person/borg_barbara", "name": "Barbara Borg"}]}}, "p0gtzvd": {"id": "p0gtzvd", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0gtzvd6jf2": {"id": "p0gtzvd6jf2", "type": "Period", "label": "Paléolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleolithic"], "el": ["Παλαιολιθική"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "start": {"label": 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"Horizonte I Ongamira", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Horizon I Ongamira"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1570"}, "label": "1570"}}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14170286", "title": "Excavaciones arqueológicas en el yacimiento de Ongamira, Córdoba (Rep. Arg.) : nota preliminar", "yearPublished": "1954", "creators": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/30298963", "name": "Oswald Menghin"}], "contributors": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/146037657", "name": "Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo."}, {"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/29660457", "name": "Alberto Rex González"}]}}, "p06w3b8": {"id": "p06w3b8", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p06w3b8c93g": {"id": "p06w3b8c93g", "type": "Period", "url": "https://cehsegreti.org.ar/centro-estudios-historicos-segreti-publicaciones-detalle.php?id=130", "source": {"locator": "20"}, "label": "Bloque temporal 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Temporal Block 1"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9050"}, "label": "-9050"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7350"}, "label": "-7350"}}, "p06w3b83m32": {"id": "p06w3b83m32", "type": "Period", "url": "https://cehsegreti.org.ar/centro-estudios-historicos-segreti-publicaciones-detalle.php?id=130", "source": {"locator": "21"}, "label": "Bloque temporal 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Temporal Block 2"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5550"}, "label": "-5550"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3050"}, "label": "-3050"}}, "p06w3b8ssc5": {"id": "p06w3b8ssc5", "type": "Period", "url": "https://cehsegreti.org.ar/centro-estudios-historicos-segreti-publicaciones-detalle.php?id=130", "source": {"locator": "23"}, "label": "Bloque temporal 3", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Temporal Block 3"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3050"}, "label": "-3050"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "450"}}, "p06w3b8qchr": {"id": "p06w3b8qchr", "type": "Period", "url": "https://cehsegreti.org.ar/centro-estudios-historicos-segreti-publicaciones-detalle.php?id=130", "source": {"locator": "27"}, "label": "Bloque temporal 4", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Temporal Block 4"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1650"}, "label": "1650"}}}, "source": {"citation": "Rivero D. 2015. El surgimiento de la desigualdad social en la prehistoria de las Sierras de Córdoba (Rep. Argentina). En: J. Salazar (compilador), Condiciones de posibilidad de la reproducción social en sociedades prehispánicas y coloniales tempranas en las Sierras Pampeanas (República Argentina), pp. 15-40", "title": "El surgimiento de la desigualdad social en la prehistoria de las Sierras de Córdoba (Rep. Argentina)", "url": "https://cehsegreti.org.ar/centro-estudios-historicos-segreti-publicaciones-detalle.php?id=130", "yearPublished": "2015", "creators": [{"name": "Rivero D"}]}}, "p0bkbfx": {"id": "p0bkbfx", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0bkbfxwww8": {"id": "p0bkbfxwww8", "type": "Period", "url": "http://www2.hum.unrc.edu.ar/ojs/index.php/spas/article/view/583/507", "source": {"locator": "25"}, "label": "Ceramolítico", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ceramolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1900"}, "label": "-1900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1650"}, "label": "1650"}}}, "source": {"url": "http://www2.hum.unrc.edu.ar/ojs/index.php/spas/article/view/583", "citation": "Ana María Rocchietti & Flavio Ribero. 2017. Cazadores prehispánicos de la Comarca de Achiras, Provincia de Córdoba: Análisis de Oportunidad. Revista Sociedades de Paisajes Áridos y Semi-Áridos,  Vol. X, 2017:9-93 ", "title": "Cazadores prehispánicos de la Comarca de Achiras, Provincia de Córdoba: Análisis de Oportunidad", "locator": "25", "yearPublished": "2017", "creators": [{"name": "Rocchietti, Ana María"}, {"name": "Ribero, Flavio"}]}}, "p0bw9m8": {"id": "p0bw9m8", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0bw9m85g3f": {"id": "p0bw9m85g3f", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 77-82"}, "label": "Archaic Stage", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "ca 8500 B.P. (ca 6550 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-6549"}}, "stop": {"label": "1250 B.P. (A.D. 700)", "in": {"year": "0700"}}, "editorialNote": "Date range of general period inferred from start date of earliest phase and end date of latest stage; 8500 BP to 1250 BP also specified in chronological chart on p. 75.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic Stage"]}}, "p0bw9m8qwhn": {"id": "p0bw9m8qwhn", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 82-84"}, "label": "Neoarchaic Stage", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "1250 B.P. (A.D. 700)", "in": {"year": "0700"}}, "stop": {"label": "200 B.P. (A.D. 1750)", "in": {"year": "1750"}}, "editorialNote": "Date range of broader stage inferred from start and end dates of its earliest and latest stages; range of 1250 B.P. to 200 B.P. also provided in chart on p. 75.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neoarchaic Stage"]}}, "p0bw9m8c3c9": {"id": "p0bw9m8c3c9", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 77"}, "label": "Circleville Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "ca 8500 B.P. (ca 6550 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-6549"}}, "stop": {"label": "7000 B.P. (5050 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-5049"}}, "note": "Cited: \"Prewitt, in press; Patternson, 1977\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Circleville Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m83vdh": {"id": "p0bw9m83vdh", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 77"}, "label": "San Geronimo Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "7000 B.P. (5050 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-5049"}}, "stop": {"label": "ca 6000 B.P. 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(3050 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-3049"}}, "note": "Cited: \"new name; Sorrow et al., 1967\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jarrell Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m8p6nf": {"id": "p0bw9m8p6nf", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p.78"}, "label": "Oakalla Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "5000 B.P. (3050 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-3049"}}, "stop": {"label": "ca 4600 B.P. (ca 2650 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-2649"}}, "note": "Cited: \"new name; Sorrow et al., 1967\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oakalla Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m8pzcr": {"id": "p0bw9m8pzcr", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 79"}, "label": "Clear Fork Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "ca 4600 B.P. (ca 2650 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-2649"}}, "stop": {"label": "4000 B.P. (2050 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-2049"}}, "note": "Cited: \"Weir, 1976\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Clear Fork Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m8df3q": {"id": "p0bw9m8df3q", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 79"}, "label": "Marshall Ford Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "4000 B.P. (2050 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-2049"}}, "stop": {"label": "ca 3400 B.P. (ca 1450 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-1449"}}, "note": "Cited: \"new name; Weir, 1976\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Marshall Ford Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m8t4k7": {"id": "p0bw9m8t4k7", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 80"}, "label": "Round Rock Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "ca 3400 B.P. (ca 1450 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-1449"}}, "stop": {"label": "2600 B.P. (650 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "note": "Cited: \"Weir, 1976\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Round Rock Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m86qh2": {"id": "p0bw9m86qh2", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 80-81"}, "label": "San Marcos Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "2600 B.P. (650 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "stop": {"label": "ca 2250 B.P. (ca 300 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}, "note": "Cited: \"Weir, 1976\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["San Marcos Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m853bn": {"id": "p0bw9m853bn", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 81"}, "label": "Uvalde Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "ca 2250 B.P. (ca 300 B.C.)", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}, "stop": {"label": "1750 B.P. (A.D. 200)", "in": {"year": "0200"}}, "note": "Cited: \"new name; Kelly, 1947a\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uvalde Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m88mx8": {"id": "p0bw9m88mx8", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 81-82"}, "label": "Twin Sisters Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "1750 B.P. (A.D. 200)", "in": {"year": "0200"}}, "stop": {"label": "ca 1400 B.P. (ca A.D. 550)", "in": {"year": "0550"}}, "note": "Cited: \"Weir, 1976\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Twin Sisters Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m8bttc": {"id": "p0bw9m8bttc", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 82"}, "label": "Driftwood Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m85g3f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "ca 1400 B.P. (ca A.D. 550)", "in": {"year": "0550"}}, "stop": {"label": "1250 B.P. (A.D. 700)", "in": {"year": "0700"}}, "note": "Cited: \"new name; Weir, 1976\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Driftwood Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m8trxt": {"id": "p0bw9m8trxt", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 82-83"}, "label": "Austin Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m8qwhn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "1250 B.P. (A.D. 700)", "in": {"year": "0700"}}, "stop": {"label": "650 B.P. (A.D. 1300)", "in": {"year": "1300"}}, "note": "Cited: \"Jelks, 1962\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Austin Phase"]}}, "p0bw9m8rf48": {"id": "p0bw9m8rf48", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 83-84"}, "label": "Toyah Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0bw9m8qwhn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "650 B.P. (A.D. 1300)", "in": {"year": "1300"}}, "stop": {"label": "200 B.P. (A.D. 1750)", "in": {"year": "1750"}}, "note": "Cited: \"Jelks, 1962\".", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Toyah Phase"]}}}, "source": {"citation": "Prewitt, E. 1981. “Cultural chronology in Central Texas.” Bulletin of the Texas Archaeological Society 52: 65–90.\n", "title": "Cultural chronology in Central Texas", "yearPublished": "1981", "url": "https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1013900/", "creators": [{"name": "Elton Prewitt"}]}}, "p0qkjhb": {"id": "p0qkjhb", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0qkjhbvhv4": {"id": "p0qkjhbvhv4", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 214, fig. 4"}, "label": "Paleoindian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleo-Indian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9050"}, "label": "11000 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6050"}, "label": "8000 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates in BP from divisions in chart in figure 4. Earliest radiocarbon date for \"Paleoindian\" is 10625 BP, but chart begins at 11000."}, "p0qkjhbrq6c": {"id": "p0qkjhbrq6c", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 211, fig. 1"}, "label": "Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m85g3f"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6550"}, "label": "8500 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "1250 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Start date parsed from general chart in figure 1, with end date provided by chart in figure 2.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}}, "p0qkjhbpd2d": {"id": "p0qkjhbpd2d", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Early Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0qkjhbrq6c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6550"}, "label": "8500 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2650"}, "label": "4600 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Parsed from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Archaic"]}}, "p0qkjhb7dxw": {"id": "p0qkjhb7dxw", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Middle Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0qkjhbrq6c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2650"}, "label": "4600 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "2250 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Archaic"]}}, "p0qkjhbj9mg": {"id": "p0qkjhbj9mg", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Late Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0qkjhbrq6c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "2250 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "1250 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic"]}}, "p0qkjhb4hmc": {"id": "p0qkjhb4hmc", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Neoarchaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8qwhn"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "1250 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "200 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neoarchaic"]}}, "p0qkjhb8cps": {"id": "p0qkjhb8cps", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Historic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "200 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1950"}, "label": "0 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Historic"]}}, "p0qkjhbm5n6": {"id": "p0qkjhbm5n6", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Circleville", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8c3c9"], "broader": "p0qkjhbpd2d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6550"}, "label": "8500 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4850"}, "label": "6800 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Circleville"]}}, "p0qkjhbnpmz": {"id": "p0qkjhbnpmz", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "San Geronimo", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m83vdh"], "broader": "p0qkjhbpd2d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4850"}, "label": "6800 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4150"}, "label": "6100 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["San Geronimo"]}}, "p0qkjhbrv6d": {"id": "p0qkjhbrv6d", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Jarrell", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8gcgw"], "broader": "p0qkjhbpd2d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4150"}, "label": "6100 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3150"}, "label": "5100 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jarrell"]}}, "p0qkjhbf8k8": {"id": "p0qkjhbf8k8", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Oakalla", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8p6nf"], "broader": "p0qkjhbpd2d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3150"}, "label": "5100 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2650"}, "label": "4600 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oakalla"]}}, "p0qkjhbp99p": {"id": "p0qkjhbp99p", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Clear Fork", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8pzcr"], "broader": "p0qkjhb7dxw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2650"}, "label": "4600 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2150"}, "label": "4100 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Clear Fork"]}}, "p0qkjhb4s9r": {"id": "p0qkjhb4s9r", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Marshall Ford", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8df3q"], "broader": "p0qkjhb7dxw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2150"}, "label": "4100 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1550"}, "label": "3500 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Marshall Ford"]}}, "p0qkjhbfg9f": {"id": "p0qkjhbfg9f", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Round Rock", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8t4k7"], "broader": "p0qkjhb7dxw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1550"}, "label": "3500 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0650"}, "label": "2600 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Round Rock"]}}, "p0qkjhbjmhw": {"id": "p0qkjhbjmhw", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "San Marcos", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m86qh2"], "broader": "p0qkjhb7dxw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0650"}, "label": "2600 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "2250 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["San Marcos"]}}, "p0qkjhbpg5s": {"id": "p0qkjhbpg5s", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Uvalde", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m853bn"], "broader": "p0qkjhbj9mg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "2250 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0150"}, "label": "1800 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uvalde"]}}, "p0qkjhbzth5": {"id": "p0qkjhbzth5", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Twin Sisters", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m88mx8"], "broader": "p0qkjhbj9mg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "0150"}, "label": "1800 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "1400 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Twin Sisters"]}}, "p0qkjhbt454": {"id": "p0qkjhbt454", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 215, fig. 5"}, "label": "Driftwood", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8bttc"], "broader": "p0qkjhbj9mg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "1400 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "1250 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "Dates from chart on p. 215.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Driftwood"]}}, "p0qkjhbnbq9": {"id": "p0qkjhbnbq9", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 225-228"}, "label": "Austin", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8trxt"], "broader": "p0qkjhb4hmc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "1350 B.P./1100 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0600", "latestYear": "0850"}}, "stop": {"label": "800 B.P./550 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1150", "latestYear": "1400"}}, "note": "\"... the Austin phase appeared somewhere around 1350 B.P. in the northern area that extends from about Cleburne to Waco. In the middle area that extends from just south of Waco to about Round Rock, the beginning dates are around 1250 B.P. The Austin phase begins in the southern area (extending from about Austin to San Antonio) at about 1100 B.P.... The ending dates show an analogous pattern. The Austin phase ends at about 800 B.P. in the northern area, 700 B.P in the middle area, and 550 B.P. in the southern area\" (p. 225).", "editorialNote": "The chart on p. 215 provides single start and end dates (1250 BP/650 BP), but the text on pp. 225-228 indicates a geographically-dependent progression with start and end dates that run earlier to later from north to south.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Austin"]}}, "p0qkjhb529j": {"id": "p0qkjhb529j", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 225-228"}, "label": "Toyah", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8rf48"], "broader": "p0qkjhb4hmc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "700 B.P./500 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1250", "latestYear": "1450"}}, "stop": {"label": "350 B.P./200 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1600", "latestYear": "1750"}}, "note": "\"The Toyah phase appears at about 700 B.P. in the northern area, at about 600 B.P. in the middle area, and at about 500 B.P. in the southern area... The ending dates are again analogous: 350 B.P. in the northern area, 250 B.P. in the middle area, and 200 B.P. in the southern area\" (p. 225).", "editorialNote": "The chart on p. 215 provides single start and end dates (650 BP/200 BP), but the text on pp. 225-228 indicates a geographically-dependent progression with start and end dates that run earlier to later from north to south.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Toyah"]}}}, "source": {"citation": "Prewitt, E. 1983. “From Circleville to Toyah: comments on Central Texas chronology.” Bulletin of the Texas Archaeological Society 54: 201–238. https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1013859/.", "title": "From Circleville to Toyah: comments on Central Texas chronology", "url": "https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1013859/", "yearPublished": "1983", "creators": [{"name": "Elton Prewitt"}]}, "editorialNote": "Journal volume date is 1983, but published in 1985."}, "p0m448v": {"id": "p0m448v", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0m448vx5q4": {"id": "p0m448vx5q4", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 22-23"}, "label": "Paleoindian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"label": "14,500 B.P. or 13000 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-12550", "latestYear": "-11050"}}, "stop": {"label": "9800 B.P. or 9000 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-7850", "latestYear": "-7050"}}, "editorialNote": "This combines two separate \"Paleoindian\" periods with the same name but different subperiods defined on pp. 22-23, and is in tension the extent of the \"Paleoindian\" period in the chart on p. 11, which seems to start in 13000 BP and end in 9000 BP. The four-part dates here reflect that internal disagreement.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleoindian"]}}, "p0m448vm427": {"id": "p0m448vm427", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 24"}, "label": "Late Paleoindian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oriente Period"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-7450"}, "label": "9400 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6850"}, "label": "8800 B.P."}, "note": "\"Story's Period I, Collins' Period A, Dibble's Oriente Period, Shafer's Golondrina Interval\" (p. 24, with reference to chart on p. 11).", "editorialNote": "This period does not appear separately in the chart on p. 11, although the Oriente period seems to be a subperiod of the Paleoindian, but because Late Paleoindian is listed as a separate heading in the text, it is not included as a subperiod of Paleoindian here."}, "p0m448vxj6h": {"id": "p0m448vxj6h", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 11, fig. 1.1; pp. 26-27"}, "label": "Early Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Viejo Period"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"label": "9000 B.P. or 8900 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-7050", "latestYear": "-6950"}}, "stop": {"label": "6000 B.P. or 5500 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-4050", "latestYear": "-3550"}}, "note": "\"Story's Period II, Collins' Period B, Dibble's Viejo Period, Shafer's Baker Interval\" (p. 26, with reference to chart on p. 11); \"All of the above are but new names for the familiar Early Archaic\" (p. 26).\n", "editorialNote": "The chart on p. 11 provides the generic range 9000-6000 B.P., but the text describes the Early Archaic period as starting in 8900 B.P. and ending in 5500 B.P. The start and end dates from the chart and the text have been combined here. Despite the author's note that the concordance periods mentioned, are all new names for the Early Archaic, only Story's Period II is mostly coterminous with the whole \"Early Archaic\" period, and thus these designations have not been provided as alternate labels. The only label that seems to apply to the specified range applied in the text is Dibble's Viejo Period, and in fact the author later writes \"The Early Archaic or Viejo period continues the latter half of Bryant's Stockton Stage, the xeric trend which spans a 5000-year range\" (p. 27)."}, "p0m448v3gsp": {"id": "p0m448v3gsp", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 11, fig. 1.1; pp. 28-30"}, "label": "Middle Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"label": "6000 B.P. or 5500 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-4050", "latestYear": "-3550"}}, "stop": {"label": "3200 B.P. or 3000 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1250", "latestYear": "-1050"}}, "editorialNote": "As with the Early Archaic period, the chart on p. 11 provides a generic chronological range of 6000-3000 B.P., but the two separate references to this period in the text on pp. 28-30 provide a start of 5500 B.P. and an end of 3200 B.P.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Archaic"]}}, "p0m448vtqnz": {"id": "p0m448vtqnz", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 11, fig. 1.1; pp. 30-34"}, "label": "Late Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"label": "3150 B.P. or 3000 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1200", "latestYear": "-1050"}}, "stop": {"label": "1300 B.P. or 1000 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0650", "latestYear": "0950"}}, "editorialNote": "As with the other Archaic period subdivisions, the date range provided by the chart on p. 11 does not match the earliest start and latest end of the three references to subdivisions of the Late Archaic period in the text on pp. 30-34. The start and end dates here combine those provided by the chart and those provided by the text.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic"]}}, "p0m448vvmv7": {"id": "p0m448vvmv7", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 35-36"}, "label": "Late Prehistoric", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"in": {"year": "0630"}, "label": "1320 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "250 B.P."}, "editorialNote": "This period does not appear at all in the chart on p. 11, but is clearly defined with two subperiods in the text on pp. 35-36.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Prehistoric"]}}, "p0m448v373x": {"id": "p0m448v373x", "type": "Period", "label": "Historic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period VIII"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"label": "post-A.D. 1600, 350 B.P. or 250 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1600", "latestYear": "1700"}}, "stop": {"label": "0 B.P.", "in": {"year": "1950"}}, "note": "\"Story's Period VIII\" (p. 38).", "editorialNote": "The start date range is provided by the explanation in the text on p. 38 and the start date of 250 B.P. in the chart on p. 11 (and by extension in the end-date of the Late Prehistoric period in the text). The end date is inferred from the fact that the article focuses on radiocarbon dates and understands 1950 as the \"present\" in \"B.P.\"."}, "p0m448vg59n": {"id": "p0m448vg59n", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 22"}, "label": "Aurora Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Period I", "Paleoindian Period", "Clovis Interval"]}, "broader": "p0m448vx5q4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12550"}, "label": "14,500 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9950"}, "label": "11,900 B.P."}, "note": "\"Story's Period I, Collins' Paleoindian Period, Dibble's Aurora Period, Shafer's Clovis Interval\" (p. 22, with reference to chart on p. 11)."}, "p0m448v7jdt": {"id": "p0m448v7jdt", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 23"}, "label": "Bonfire Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bonfire Period"]}, "broader": "p0m448vx5q4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-8750"}, "label": "10,700 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7850"}, "label": "9800 B.P."}, "note": "\"Story's Period I, Collins' Paleoindian Period, Dibble's Bonfire Period, Shafer's Folsom-Plainview Interval\" (p. 23, with reference to chart on p. 11)."}, "p0m448vmgzh": {"id": "p0m448vmgzh", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 28"}, "label": "Eagle Nest Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0m448v3gsp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3550"}, "label": "5500 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2150"}, "label": "4100 B.P."}, "note": "\"Story's Period III, Collins' Period C, Dibble's Eagle Nest Period, Shafer's Pandale Interval\" (p. 28, with reference to chart on p. 11).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eagle Nest Period"]}}, "p0m448vhfzk": {"id": "p0m448vhfzk", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 29-30"}, "label": "San Felipe Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0m448v3gsp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2150"}, "label": "4100 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1250"}, "label": "3200 B.P."}, "note": "\"Story's Period IV, Collins' Period D, Dibble's San Felipe Period, Shafer's Pandale Interval\" (p. 29, with reference to chart on p. 11).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["San Felipe Period"]}}, "p0m448v5btd": {"id": "p0m448v5btd", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 30-31"}, "label": "Cibola Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0m448vtqnz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1200"}, "label": "3150 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0350"}, "label": "2300 B.P."}, "note": "\"Story's Period V, Collins' Period E, Dibble's Cibola Period, Shafer's Devils Interval\" (p. 30).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cibola Period"]}}, "p0m448v3d2x": {"id": "p0m448v3d2x", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 11; pp. 32-33"}, "label": "Flanders Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0m448vtqnz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"label": "2400 or 2300? B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0450", "latestYear": "-0350"}}, "stop": {"label": "1850 or 1750 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0100", "latestYear": "0200"}}, "note": "\"Story's Period V, Collins' Periods F and G, Dibble's Flanders Period, Shafer's Devils Interval\" (p. 32).", "editorialNote": "The period date range provided in the text is simply \"2300?\", but the Flanders period is clearly defined in the chart on p. 11 as \"2400-1750 B.P.\", and in the description in the text, which seems to identify the period with the Shumla point type, a vague range as early as 2800 B.P. and as late as 1850 B.P. is discussed. Here the earlier date in the chart and \"2300?\" are taken as the start date range, and the 1750 B.P. in the chart and the 1850 B.P. mentioned in the text are taken as the end date range.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Flanders Period"]}}, "p0m448v9dm2": {"id": "p0m448v9dm2", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 34"}, "label": "Blue Hills Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0m448vtqnz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0350"}, "label": "2300 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0650"}, "label": "1300 B.P."}, "note": "\"Story's Period VI, Collins' Period H, Dibble's Blue Hills Period, Shafer's Devils Interval\" (p. 34). \"This difficulty in separating the cultural manifestations of the Blue Hills period from the preceding Flanders period is mirrored in Shafer's lumping of both and the Cibola period into his Devils Interval\" (p. 34).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Blue Hills Period"]}}, "p0m448v869k": {"id": "p0m448v869k", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 35"}, "label": "Flecha Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0m448vvmv7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"in": {"year": "0630"}, "label": "1320 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "450 B.P."}, "note": "\"Story's Period VII, Collins' Period J, Dibble's Flecha Period, Shafer's Comstock Interval\" (p. 35).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Flecha Period"]}}, "p0m448v3k4t": {"id": "p0m448v3k4t", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp 36-37"}, "label": "Infierno Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0m448vvmv7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Lower Pecos River Region", "start": {"label": "Estimated 450 B.P.", "in": {"year": "1500"}}, "stop": {"label": "Estimated 250 B.P.", "in": {"year": "1700"}}, "note": "\"Story's Period VII, Collins' Period J, Dibble's Infierno Phase, Shafer's Comstock Interval\" (p. 36); \"The Infierno phase is here subsumed under the Late Prehistoric or Flecha period because although 15 radiocarbon dates fall within its estimated span... only one is at all relevant to the cultural phenomena that define this period\" (p. 36). \"A casual observer would probably align the Infierno phase with the Toyah phase of Central Texas because of the superficial similarity in index artifacts when there are major differences between the two. In this case, the construction of regional chronologies has helped keep the two distinct\" (p. 37).", "editorialNote": "Date range expressed in source as \"Estimated 450 to 250 B.P.\" (p. 36).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Infierno Phase"]}}}, "source": {"citation": "Turpin, S.A. 1991. “Time out of mind: the radiocarbon chronology of the Lower Pecos River Region.” Papers on Lower Pecos Prehistory 8: 1–49.", "title": "The radiocarbon chronology of the Lower Pecos River Region", "yearPublished": "1991", "creators": [{"name": "Solveig A. Turpin"}]}, "editorialNote": "While the publication uses general period divisions as headers, it is clear that the author favors the period terms proposed by D. Dibble as apparently reported in E. Prewitt's unpublished 1983 MA thesis in the Department of Geography at the University of Texas at Austin (\"Remote Sensing of Archaeological Remains in the Stockton Plateau Region of Texas\"; this seems to be what is indicated by the column \"Dibble in Prewitt 1983 Periods\" in fig. 1.1, p. 11). Therefore, in some cases the Dibble terms have been used as the primary labels for the periods recorded here."}, "p05ggg5": {"id": "p05ggg5", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p05ggg53kp5": {"id": "p05ggg53kp5", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Kingdom", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11768", "label": "Ancient Egypt"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1995"}, "label": "1996 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1813"}, "label": "1814 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Kingdom"]}}, "p05ggg5vx4v": {"id": "p05ggg5vx4v", "type": "Period", "label": "Second Intermediate Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11768", "label": "Ancient Egypt"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1813"}, "label": "1814 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1530"}, "label": "1531 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Intermediate Period"]}}, "p05ggg5fnwn": {"id": "p05ggg5fnwn", "type": "Period", "label": "New Kingdom", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11768", "label": "Ancient Egypt"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1530"}, "label": "1531 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1071"}, "label": "1072 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New Kingdom"]}}, "p05ggg5cd83": {"id": "p05ggg5cd83", "type": "Period", "label": "Third Intermediate Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q11768", "label": "Ancient Egypt"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Egypt", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1071"}, "label": "1072 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0663"}, "label": "664 B.C."}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Third Intermediate Period"]}}}, "source": {"citation": "M. Bietak, E. Aspöck, K. Burkhart, K. Kopetzky, and J. Posch. 2020. Tell el-Daba Chronology.", "title": "Tell el-Daba Chronology", "yearPublished": "2020", "creators": [{"name": "Manfred Bietak"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Edeltraud Aspöck"}, {"name": "Karl Burkhart"}, {"name": "Karin Kopetzky"}, {"name": "Julian Posch"}]}, "editorialNote": "Period definitions contributed directly by scholars from the Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Institute for Oriental and European Archaeology, according to information provided by M. Bietak. The adapted chronology here is derived from Kenneth A. Kitchen, Regnal and Genealogical Data of Ancient Egypt (Absolute Chronology I). The Historical Chronology of Ancient Egypt, a current assessment, in: M. Bietak (ed.), The Synchronisation of the Civilidations the Eastern Mediterranean in the Second Millennium BC, Proceedings of an International Symposium at Schloss Haindorf 15th – 17th of November 1996 and the Austrian Academy, Vienna, 11th – 12th of May 1998, CChEM I, Vienna: 39­-52; Thomas Schneider, Das Ende der kurzen Chronologie: Eine kritische Bilanz zur Debatte zur absoluten Datierung des Mittleren Reiches und der Zweiten Zwischenzeit, Ägypten  & Levante XVIII (2008): 275-313; Thomas Schneider, Contributions to the Chronology of the  New Kingdom and the Third Intermediate Period, Ägypten & Levante XX (2010): 373-403; and Manfred Bietak, Antagonisms in Historical and Radiocarbon Chronology, in: A.J. Shortland and C.B. Ramsey, Radiocarbon and the Chronologies of Ancient Egypt, Oxford 2014: 76-109."}, "p0jhchf": {"id": "p0jhchf", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0jhchfhtn4": {"id": "p0jhchfhtn4", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 41"}, "label": "Middle Wisconsin Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "start": {"label": "33,500 Years B.P.", "in": {"year": "-31550"}}, "stop": {"label": "22,500 Years B.P.", "in": {"year": "-20550"}}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Wisconsin Period"]}}, "p0jhchf6sqf": {"id": "p0jhchf6sqf", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 44"}, "label": "Wisconsin Full-Glacial Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "start": {"label": "22,500 Years B.P.", "in": {"year": "-20550"}}, "stop": {"label": "14,000 Years B.P.", "in": {"year": "-12050"}}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wisconsin Full-Glacial Period"]}}, "p0jhchfhz69": {"id": "p0jhchfhz69", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 50"}, "label": "Late Glacial Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "start": {"label": "14,000 Years B.P.", "in": {"year": "-12050"}}, "stop": {"label": "10,000 Years B.P.", "in": {"year": "-8050"}}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Glacial Period"]}}, "p0jhchfwwmr": {"id": "p0jhchfwwmr", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 56"}, "label": "Post-Glacial Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Texas", "start": {"label": "10,000 Years B.P.", "in": {"year": "-8050"}}, "stop": {"label": "present", "in": {"year": "1950"}}, "editorialNote": "\"Present\" understood in traditional B.P. dating context as 1950.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post-Glacial Period"]}}}, "source": {"citation": "Bryant, V.M., and R.G. Holloway. 1985. “A late-Quaternary paleoenvironmental record of Texas: an overview of the pollen evidence.” In Pollen Records of Late-Quaternary North American Sediments, edited by Vaughn M. Bryant and Holloway, Richard G., 39–70. Dallas, TX: American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists.", "title": "A Late-Quaternary Paleoenvironmental Record of Texas", "url": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/804398513", "yearPublished": "1985", "creators": [{"name": "Vaughn Bryant"}, {"name": "Richard Holloway"}], "contributors": []}, "editorialNote": "Chapter from an edited volume; WorldCat URL is for the volume as a whole. The authors state on p. 41 that they will use \"the time periods originally proposed by Hafsten (1961)\", citing U. Hafsten, 1961, \"Pleistocene development of vegetation and climate in the southern high plains as evidence by pollen analysis\", in: Wendorf., F. (ed.), Paleoecology of the Llano Estacado, Fort Burgwin Research Center, I, Museum of New Mexico Press, Santa Fe, New Mexico: 59-91."}, "p07fthd": {"id": "p07fthd", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p07fthdqd8t": {"id": "p07fthdqd8t", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 116"}, "label": "Paleoindian period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9550"}, "label": "11,500 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6850"}, "label": "8800 B.P."}, "note": "\"In this discussion, because the fundamental criteria for defining “Paleoindians” (best articulated in Wormington’s proposed concept of a Paleoeastern Tradition [1957]) as nomadic big-game hunters are being challenged, the Paleoindian period is defined as a temporal span from ca. 11,500 to 8800 years B.P.\" (p. 116).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleoindian period"]}}, "p07fthd7n9t": {"id": "p07fthd7n9t", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; pp. 116-118"}, "label": "Early Paleoindian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p07fthdqd8t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9550"}, "label": "11,500 B.P."}, "stop": {"label": "10,000 B.P./9980 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-8050", "latestYear": "-8030"}}, "note": "On material from Horn Shelter no. 2: \"For Fig. 3.9a I have tentatively regarded this material as transitional, between Early and Late Paleoindian; future work or new finds will help clarify the picture\" (p. 118).", "editorialNote": "Start date from start of Paleoindian; end from chart on p. 113 and explanation of Horn Shelter no. 2 dating on p. 118.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Paleoindian"]}}, "p07fthdrsfd": {"id": "p07fthdrsfd", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 118"}, "label": "Late Paleoindian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p07fthdqd8t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-8050"}, "label": "ca. 10,000 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6050"}, "label": "8000 B.P."}, "note": "\"The subperiod here called Late Paleoindian is in many ways archeologically intermediate (or “transitional”) between Early Paleoindian and the Archaic; the question to be answered is how accurately this material culture–based impression reflects their respective human adaptations\" (p. 118).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Paleoindian"]}}, "p07fthdxxsh": {"id": "p07fthdxxsh", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 119"}, "label": "Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0t3585kxnj"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6850"}, "label": "ca. 8800 B.P."}, "stop": {"label": "1300 B.P. or 1200 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0650", "latestYear": "0750"}}, "note": "\"In briefly reviewing the Archaic of central Texas, the cultural chronological framework proposed by L. Johnson and Goode (1994) is adopted with minor adjustments\" (p. 119).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"]}}, "p07fthd99mc": {"id": "p07fthd99mc", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 122"}, "label": "Late Prehistoric", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neo-Archaic", "Post-Archaic", "Neo-American Stage"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8qwhn", "p0t3585fjns"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "ca. 1200 B.P."}, "stop": {"label": "ca. 800 B.P./ca. 1690", "in": {"earliestYear": "1150", "latestYear": "1690"}}, "note": "\"Archeologists working in central Texas have not been able to clearly interpret the extent and importance of the material cultural change that occurred in the region ca. 1200 B.P. This is the somewhat arbitrary break commonly made between the long Archaic period and its successor, the Late Prehistoric. Previously this was referred to as the “Neo-American Stage” (D. Suhm et al. 1954, 20) in the expectation that all three defining traits (pottery, bow and arrow, and agriculture) would eventually be recognized. It now appears that generally for central Texas, only the bow and arrow appeared initially, pottery was added later, and agriculture (or, at least, the possession of tropical cultigens) came last and was of quite minor importance. Because basic hunting and gathering subsistence continued, what is here called the Late Prehistoric has also been labeled the “Neo-Archaic” (Prewitt 1981) or the “Post-Archaic” (L. Johnson and Goode 1994). Two subperiods, early and late (see Fig. 3.9), are here recognized in the Late Prehistoric (Jelks 1962); these correspond to the Austin and Toyah “phases” (I will continue to use the term “interval”) of long standing use in the systematics of the local prehistory (Prewitt 1981). More than projectile point style change distinguishes Austin from Toyah manifestations, and the subperiod level of designation is intended to reflect the importance of these differences. I agree with L. Johnson and Goode (1994, 39– 40) when they note that an equally satisfactory solution would be to place the break between the Archaic and the Late Prehistoric at ca. 800 B.P., when Toyah replaces Austin as the prevailing archeological configuration\" (p. 122)."}, "p07fthdvbjk": {"id": "p07fthdvbjk", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 123"}, "label": "Historic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1690"}, "label": "ca. 1690"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1950"}, "label": "1950"}, "note": "\"I consider three subperiods in the Historic period of central Texas—early, middle, and late. In the first two, vestiges of both indigenous and European peoples and cultures are represented; in the third, the indigenous peoples have virtually disappeared\" (p 123). \"The early Historic subperiod in central Texas begins in the late seventeenth century with the first documented arrival of Europeans... The late Historic subperiod, extending into the twentieth century, encompasses minor numbers of mission Indians, farflung nomadic native groups (primarily the Comanches) until the late nineteenth century, and a rich archeological record of the European-derived cultural presence (D. Fox 1983)\" (pp. 123-124).", "editorialNote": "1950 is taken as the conventional \"present\" for B.P. dating systems, and thus the end point for the final \"Historic\" period.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Historic Period"]}}, "p07fthdjbz5": {"id": "p07fthdjbz5", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 119"}, "label": "Early Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0t35856b5j"], "broader": "p07fthdxxsh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6850"}, "label": "ca. 8800 B.P."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4050"}, "label": "6000 B.P."}, "note": "\"The early part of the Archaic, from ca. 8800 to 6000 B.P., is here subdivided into the three projectile point style intervals: Angostura (see Fig. 3.13b), early split-stem (see Fig. 3.13e, f ), and Martindale- Uvalde (see Fig. 3.13g–k) (see also Fig. 3.9a)\" (p. 119).", "editorialNote": "Because their chronological boundaries are not clearly noted or obvious from the chronological chart, the style intervals for the Early Archaic have not been included, though the chart breaks seem to fall evenly at 8000 and 7000 B.P.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Archaic"]}}, "p07fthdjd2x": {"id": "p07fthdjd2x", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 120"}, "label": "Middle Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0t3585nqbr"], "broader": "p07fthdxxsh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4050"}, "label": "ca. 6000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2050"}, "label": "ca. 4000 B.P."}, "note": "\"The middle subperiod of the Archaic, from ca. 6000 to 4000 B.P., too, is further subdivided into three style intervals: Bell-Andice-Calf Creek, Taylor, and Nolan-Travis (see Figs. 3.9a and 3.14b–g)\" (p. 120).", "editorialNote": "Because the chronological boundaries of the style intervals are not explicitly defined in the text and not clearly noted in the chart on p. 113, they have not been included, although again the chart breaks seem to fall at the round numbers of 5000 B.P. and 4500 B.P.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Archaic"]}}, "p07fthdnmw9": {"id": "p07fthdnmw9", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 121"}, "label": "Late Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0t3585c8d7"], "broader": "p07fthdxxsh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2050"}, "label": "ca. 4000 B.P."}, "stop": {"label": "1300 B.P. or 1200 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0650", "latestYear": "0750"}}, "note": "\"The Late Archaic, ca. 4000 to 1300 or 1200 B.P., began as effective moisture was at its lowest in central Texas, but gradually the climate became substantially more mesic (see Fig. 3.9b). Six style intervals have been postulated for the Late Archaic (see Fig. 3.9a)\" (p. 121).", "editorialNote": "Because the chronology of the style intervals is not explicit from the chart on p. 113 or described in the text, they have not been included, though in the chart Bulverde and Pedernales/Kinney seem to be placed roundly between 4000 and 2500, with the other four between 2500 and 1200.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic"]}}, "p07fthd27hd": {"id": "p07fthd27hd", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 122"}, "label": "Early Late Prehistoric", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Austin interval"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8trxt"], "broader": "p07fthd99mc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "ca. 1200 B.P."}, "stop": {"label": "ca. 800 B.P./ca. 650 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1150", "latestYear": "1300"}}, "note": "\"Two subperiods, early and late (see Fig. 3.9), are here recognized in the Late Prehistoric (Jelks 1962); these correspond to the Austin and Toyah “phases” (I will continue to use the term “interval”) of long-standing use in the systematics of the local prehistory (Prewitt 1981)... The most apparent change seen at the beginning of the early Late Prehistoric (or Austin interval) is from a prevalence of dart points to that of arrow points and, inferentially, from use of the atlatl and dart to that of the bow and arrow (see Fig. 3.16c)\" (p. 122).", "editorialNote": "While the text provides \"ca. 800 B.P.\" as the break between the Austin and Toyah intervals (p. 122), the chart on p. 113 -- without offering clear dates -- suggests a date more on the order of 650 B.P."}, "p07fthdht9w": {"id": "p07fthdht9w", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 123"}, "label": "Late Late Prehistoric", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Toyah interval", "Perdiz interval"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0bw9m8rf48"], "broader": "p07fthd99mc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "800 B.P./650 B.P.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1150", "latestYear": "1300"}}, "stop": {"label": "1690", "in": {"year": "1690"}}, "note": "\"The late subperiod of the Late Prehistoric is expressed as a single style interval, designated on Fig. 3.9a by the Perdiz arrow point (see Fig. 3.16f, g)\" (p. 123).", "editorialNote": "Start dates follow the same logic as the end dates of the early Late Prehistoric: 800 B.P. from the break between Austin and Toyah phases mentioned in the text, 650 B.P. inferred from the chart on p. 113. For the end date, initially the text states \"The early Historic subperiod in central Texas begins in the late seventeenth century with the first documented arrival of Europeans\" (p 123), but subsequently provides the absolute date of 1690, which has been used here. "}, "p07fthdjjrw": {"id": "p07fthdjjrw", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 123"}, "label": "Early Historic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p07fthdvbjk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1690"}, "label": "ca. 1690"}, "stop": {"label": "1720/1730", "in": {"earliestYear": "1720", "latestYear": "1730"}}, "note": "\"The early Historic subperiod in central Texas begins in the late seventeenth century with the first documented arrival of Europeans... Concerted ethnohistorical research (see multiple entries by T. N. Campbell under Indian group names in Branda 1976; Campbell 1988; Hester 1989a, 1989b; Newcomb 1961, 1993) has been used to piece together important yet incomplete accounts that reveal several distinctive features of native cultures in central Texas between ca. 1690 and 1720\" (p. 123); \"The middle Historic subperiod, when much of the record on aboriginal peoples is in reference to remnants of native groups living in the Spanish missions, began in about 1730 and ended in about 1800 as the mission system was failing (Hester 1989a, 1989b)\" (p. 124).", "editorialNote": "Note the disjunction between the stated end of the early Historic subperiod and the stated beginning of the middle Historic subperiod.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Historic"]}}, "p07fthdrw64": {"id": "p07fthdrw64", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 124"}, "label": "Middle Historic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p07fthdvbjk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1730"}, "label": "about 1730"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "about 1800"}, "note": "\"The middle Historic subperiod, when much of the record on aboriginal peoples is in reference to remnants of native groups living in the Spanish missions, began in about 1730 and ended in about 1800 as the mission system was failing (Hester 1989a, 1989b)\" (p. 124).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Historic"]}}, "p07fthdfh68": {"id": "p07fthdfh68", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 113, fig. 3.9a; p. 124"}, "label": "Late Historic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p07fthdvbjk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "about 1800"}, "stop": {"label": "into the twentieth century", "in": {"earliestYear": "1900", "latestYear": "1950"}}, "note": "\"The late Historic subperiod, extending into the twentieth century, encompasses minor numbers of mission Indians, farflung nomadic native groups (primarily the Comanches) until the late nineteenth century, and a rich archeological record of the European-derived cultural presence (D. Fox 1983). As the Comanche presence in central Texas waned in the mid to late nineteenth century, more than eleven millennia of Native American presence in the area came to an end\" (p. 124).", "editorialNote": "The end range for this period balances the textual assertion that the period ended in the mid to late 19th century, the textual assertion that it extended into the 20th century, and the chart, which seems to let it run up to 0 B.P. (1950).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Historic"]}}}, "source": {"citation": "Collins, M.B. 2004. “Archeology in Central Texas.” In The Prehistory of Texas, edited by Timothy K. Perttula, 101–126. Texas A&M Anthropology Series 9. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press.", "title": "Archeology in Central Texas", "url": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/873009758", "yearPublished": "2004", "creators": [{"name": "Michael B. Collins"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Timothy K. Perttula"}]}, "editorialNote": "The citation is to a chapter in an edited volume; the WorldCat link is to the record for the volume as a whole. The chapter appears to be an almost verbatim reproduction of Collins, M.B. 1995. “Forty years of archeology in Central Texas.” Bulletin of the Texas Archeological Society 66: 361–400, and should be considered interchangeable with Collins 1995.\n"}, "p0t3585": {"id": "p0t3585", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0t3585v34n": {"id": "p0t3585v34n", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 5, fig. 2; p. 15; p. 31; p. 34"}, "label": "Dry Edwards Interval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "3200 B.C./2300 B.C.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-3199", "latestYear": "-2299"}}, "stop": {"label": "about 600 or 500 B.C.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0599", "latestYear": "-0499"}}, "editorialNote": "The start dates for the period are inferred from the chart on p. 5, where the beginning of the Dry Edwards Interval seems to be marked at ca. 3000 B.C., and from text on p. 31: \"Closer to the Gulf coast, the Columbus Bend formation of the lower Colorado River is composed of several alluvial members of interest. According to sometimes ambiguous radiocarbon assays for West Point and Columbus, Member 1 appears to have stopped its growth and become stable sometime between 3200 B.C. and 2500 B.C. (Blum 1992:156, 175-178, 189). In actuality, the indicated dry period almost certainly corresponds to the Edwards Interval\"; \"For the Medina, I would date this cessation of flooding, which is surely a dryness indicator, to sometime between 2700 B.C. and 2300 B.C., judging from the available radiocarbon assays (Thorns and Mandel 1992)\". The end dates are provided by the chart on p. 5, where the curve returns to mesic conditions at approximately the 600 B.C. mark, and by the text on p. 15, where correlations between stratigraphy at Fort Hood and the Jonas Terrace site show that \"The growth of Stratum 4 and Member D1 ceased about 600 or 500 B.C., according to the charcoal dates, and shortly thereafter floodplain/terrace aggradation commenced once more, creating alluvial Stratum 3 at Jonas Terrace and alluvial Member D2 at Fort Hood.\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dry Edwards Interval"]}}, "p0t3585b2rd": {"id": "p0t3585b2rd", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 5, fig. 2; p. 8; p. 20"}, "label": "Paleoindian Era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0qkjhbvhv4"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "Before 7000 B.C.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-7699", "latestYear": "-6999"}}, "stop": {"label": "6500 B.C. or earlier", "in": {"year": "-6499"}}, "editorialNote": "The chart on p. 5 simply provides dotted lines with no upper limit for this period; the start date range here is derived from the earliest calibrated radiocarbon date on p. 8 and the beginning date of the chart; the end date is provided by the reference to the start of the Early Archaic period on p. 21.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleoindian Era"]}}, "p0t3585kxnj": {"id": "p0t3585kxnj", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 5, fig. 2; p. 20; p. 39"}, "label": "Archaic Era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0qkjhbrq6c"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "around 6500 B.C. or earlier", "in": {"year": "-6499"}}, "stop": {"label": "A.D. 400/A.D. 1200", "in": {"earliestYear": "0400", "latestYear": "1200"}}, "note": "\"The Early Archaic period of the Plateau, in some places beginning around 6500 B.C. or earlier, as at the Wilson-Leonard site (41WM235), represents almost three millennia when bison were supposedly absent from the region (cf. Dillehay 1974)\" (p.20); \"I provisionally stop the Late Archaic period around A.D. 600... Nevertheless, one should underscore the fact that some cultural and considerable economic continuity tied the end of the Late Archaic period with what came directly afterwards. In fact, of all the period boundaries set in the present paper, that for the ending of the Late Archaic II subperiod is the most subjective and bothersome... If the informed reader wishes to terminate the Late Archaic period at A.D. 1200, I will not argue. Or if the reader wants to stop the period at around A.D. 400 (or later), when very small \"dart\" points of the Darl and Figueroa sort appear in the region, that is another possibility\" (pp. 39-40).", "editorialNote": "Temporal coverage takes start from start of first subperiod, end from end of last subperiod; the label and the period-subperiod relationship is drawn from the chart on p. 5.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic Era"]}}, "p0t3585fjns": {"id": "p0t3585fjns", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 5, fig. 2; p. 18; pp. 39-41"}, "label": "Post-Archaic Era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neo-American period", "Neoindian period", "Neoarchaic period", "Late Prehistoric period"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0qkjhb4hmc"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "A.D. 400/A.D. 1200", "in": {"earliestYear": "0400", "latestYear": "1200"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "A.D. 1600"}, "note": "\"I provisionally stop the Late Archaic period around A.D. 600...Nevertheless, one should underscore the fact that some cultural and considerable economic continuity tied the end of the Late Archaic period with what came directly afterwards. In fact, of all the period boundaries set in the present paper, that for the ending of the Late Archaic II subperiod is the most subjective and bothersome. For one thing, human culture did not change greatly after the beginning of that interval down through the days when Scallorn arrowheads were in vogue. If the informed reader wishes to terminate the Late Archaic period at A.D. 1200, I will not argue. Or if the reader wants to stop the period at around A.D. 400 (or later), when very small \"dart\" points of the Darl and Figueroa sort appear in the region, that is another possibility\" (pp. 39-40). \"The present historical narrative concludes at A.D. 1600, near the end of Toyah days when Perdiz arrowheads were in vogue\" (p. 41).", "editorialNote": "While the author indicates that the Late Archaic period ends around A.D. 600 in the chart on p. 5 and in the text on p. 39, the subsequent expressions about alternatives and uncertainties are represented by the A.D. 400-1200 range. The author indicates a preference for the label \"Post-Archaic\" on p. 18, where it is attributed to Prewitt in an unpublished report, but all of the cited works by Prewitt in fact use \"Neoarchaic\"."}, "p0t35856b5j": {"id": "p0t35856b5j", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 5, fig. 2; p. 20; p. 24"}, "label": "Early Archaic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0qkjhbpd2d"], "broader": "p0t3585kxnj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "around 6500 B.C. or earlier", "in": {"year": "-6499"}}, "stop": {"label": "around 3600 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-3599"}}, "editorialNote": "End date for period taken from chart on p. 5 and from start date of following period.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Archaic Period"]}}, "p0t3585nqbr": {"id": "p0t3585nqbr", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 5, fig. 2; p. 24; p. 29"}, "label": "Middle Archaic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0qkjhb7dxw"], "broader": "p0t3585kxnj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"label": "around 3600 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-3599"}}, "stop": {"label": "around 2300 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-2299"}}, "note": "\"The short Middle Archaic period of some 1300 years commences around 3600 B.C. and can best be taken as a transitional epoch\" (p. 24).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Archaic Period"]}}, "p0t3585c8d7": {"id": "p0t3585c8d7", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 5, fig. 2; p. 29; p. 39-40"}, "label": "Late Archaic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0qkjhbj9mg"], "broader": "p0t3585kxnj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "around 2300 B.C."}, "stop": {"label": "A.D. 400/A.D. 1200", "in": {"earliestYear": "0400", "latestYear": "1200"}}, "note": "\"I provisionally stop the Late Archaic period around A.D. 600... Nevertheless, one should underscore the fact that some cultural and considerable economic continuity tied the end of the Late Archaic period with what came directly afterwards. In fact, of all the period boundaries set in the present paper, that for the ending of the Late Archaic II subperiod is the most subjective and bothersome... If the informed reader wishes to terminate the Late Archaic period at A.D. 1200, I will not argue. Or if the reader wants to stop the period at around A.D. 400 (or later), when very small \"dart\" points of the Darl and Figueroa sort appear in the region, that is another possibility\" (pp. 39-40).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic Period"]}}, "p0t3585t8hz": {"id": "p0t3585t8hz", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 5, fig. 2; p. 29; p. 34"}, "label": "Late Archaic I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0t3585c8d7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "around 2300 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 B.C."}, "note": "\"However dry the climate of the Edwards Interval, Part I of the Late Archaic period (2300 B.C. to 600 B.C.) witnessed no hardships for the aborigines, who apparently came to thrive on upland semi-succulents\" (p. 34).", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic I"]}}, "p0t35858nxt": {"id": "p0t35858nxt", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 5, fig. 2; p. 36"}, "label": "Late Archaic II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0t3585c8d7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1439", "label": "Texas"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Texas", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "600 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "A.D. 600"}, "note": "\"In the Late Archaic II subperiod (largely corresponding to the Middle Woodland in eastern North America), which lasted from 600 B.C. to A.D. 600, fairly mesic conditions had returned to all but the western and southwestern parts of the Edwards Plateau\" (p. 36).", "editorialNote": "While the broader Archaic and Late Archaic periods have a broader end range, and while the author expresses uncertainty about the end date of Late Archaic II, the central definition on p. 36 uses A.D. 600 unequivocally as the end date.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Archaic II"]}}}, "source": {"citation": "Johnson, L., and G.T. Goode. 1994. “A new try at dating and characterizing Holocene climates, as well as archeological periods, on the eastern Edwards Plateau.” Bulletin of the Texas Archeological Society 65: 1–55.", "title": "A New Try at Dating and Characterizing Holocene Climates, as well as Archeological Periods, on the Eastern Edwards Plateau", "url": "https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1013831/m2/1/high_res_d/Vol._65_1994.pdf", "yearPublished": "1994", "creators": [{"name": "LeRoy Johnson"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Glenn Goode"}]}}, "p08vvjk": {"id": "p08vvjk", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p08vvjkjsgg": {"id": "p08vvjkjsgg", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/byza/hd_byza.htm", "label": "Early Byzantine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0330"}, "label": "ca. 330"}, "stop": {"label": "the 700s", "in": {"earliestYear": "0700", "latestYear": "0799"}}, "note": "\"The first golden age of the empire, the Early Byzantine period, extends from the founding of the new capital into the 700s.\"", "broader": "p08vvjk5t32", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Byzantine"]}}, "p08vvjkcfqt": {"id": "p08vvjkcfqt", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/byza/hd_byza.htm", "label": "Middle Byzantine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0843"}, "label": "843"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "note": "\"The resolution of the Iconoclastic controversy in favor of the use of icons\nushered in a second flowering of the empire, the Middle Byzantine period (843–1204).\"", "broader": "p08vvjk5t32", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Byzantine"]}}, "p08vvjksgbh": {"id": "p08vvjksgbh", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/byza/hd_byza.htm", "label": "Latin Occupation", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Latin Occupation"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1261"}, "label": "1261"}, "note": "\"In 1204, armies of the Fourth Crusade invaded from western Europe, conquering the ancient Byzantine imperial capital and founding the “Latin Empire of Constantinople,” while other imperial territories also fell to Crusader rule. The Crusader state in Constantinople was one of several in the thirteenth-century Levant, all under the spiritual authority of the pope as head of the Latin Church of Western Europe... This Crusader state lasted from 1204 until 1261, when Byzantine rule was reestablished in Constantinople and limited portions of the former Byzantine empire were also retaken. The Latin Occupation of 1204–61 had a profound effect on the empire and the Byzantine peoples, causing major political fragmentation as well as the dislocation of Byzantine populations, especially the empire’s nobility and ruling classes.\"", "broader": "p08vvjk5t32"}, "p08vvjkdcnx": {"id": "p08vvjkdcnx", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/byza/hd_byza.htm", "label": "Late Byzantium", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p08vvjk5t32", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Constantinople, Greece, Empire of Trebizond", "start": {"in": {"year": "1261"}, "label": "1261"}, "stop": {"label": "1453/1460", "in": {"earliestYear": "1453", "latestYear": "1460"}}, "note": "\"The focus of Byzantine power was now centered in Constantinople, and extended westward to northern and central Greece, and south into the Peloponnesos. In the east, the Byzantine Empire of Trebizond, which had flourished during the Latin Occupation, continued to exist as an independently ruled Byzantine territory in competition with the Palaiologan-ruled empire with its capital at Constantinople. The last Byzantine lands would be conquered by the Ottoman Turks in the mid-fifteenth century, with Constantinople taken in 1453, and Mistra and Trebizond in 1460.\"", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Byzantium"]}}, "p08vvjk5t32": {"id": "p08vvjk5t32", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/byza/hd_byza.htm", "label": "Byzantium", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0330"}, "label": "ca. 330"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1453"}, "label": "1453"}, "editorialNote": "Period term derived from the heading of the essay on Byzantine culture and chronology."}}, "source": {"citation": "S. Brooks. 2001-2009. \"The Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: Byzantium (ca. 330-1453).\" New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/byza/hd_byza.htm.", "title": "The Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: Byzantium (ca. 330-1453)", "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/byza/hd_byza.htm", "yearPublished": "2001-2009", "creators": [{"name": "Sarah Brooks"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Elizabeth Weinfield"}, {"name": "Philomena Mariani"}], "locator": "https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/byza/hd_byza.htm"}, "editorialNote": "Page notes \"originally published October 2001, last revised October 2009\". This authority represents an essay in the larger Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, general editors Elizabeth Weinfield and Philomena Mariani."}, "p0nt759": {"id": "p0nt759", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0nt759mt2t": {"id": "p0nt759mt2t", "type": "Period", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200331180155/http://chersonesos.org/?p=history_ant", "source": {"locator": "http://chersonesos.org/?p=history_ant#10"}, "label": "Позднеантичный", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ru", "languageTag": "ru", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Antiquity"]}, "spatialCoverage": [], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"label": "третьей четверти III в", "in": {"earliestYear": "0250", "latestYear": "0275"}}, "stop": {"label": "второй четверти - середине VI в", "in": {"earliestYear": "0525", "latestYear": "0575"}}, "note": "\"В третьей четверти III в. начинается заключительный этап римского периода в истории Херсонеса, который иногда рассматривают в качестве самостоятельного и называют позднеантичным. Его начало относится к третьей четверти III, а конец - ко второй четверти - середине VI в.\"\n\nEnglish version: \"The third quarter of the 3rd century AD marked the final stage of the Roman period in the history of Chersonesos, a period which is sometimes considered a separate phase and called Late Antiquity. It begins in the third quarter of the 3rd century AD and ends in the mid-third quarter of the 6th century AD.\"", "editorialNote": "The spatial coverage of this period extends to the site of Tauric Chersonesos (https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/226564) in Crimea, but spatial coverage area cannot be specified because Crimea is currently considered occupied territory by the international community (Ukrainian sovereignty, Russian control)."}, "p0nt759xcps": {"id": "p0nt759xcps", "type": "Period", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200331180155/http://chersonesos.org/?p=history_ant", "source": {"locator": "http://chersonesos.org/?p=history_ant#8"}, "label": "Римский", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ru", "languageTag": "ru", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"label": "середине 60-х гг. I в. н.э.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0063", "latestYear": "0067"}}, "stop": {"label": "не позднее третьей четверти III в.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0250", "latestYear": "0275"}}, "note": "\"Вследствие этого, в середине 60-х гг. I в. н.э., легат римской провинции Мезии Тиберий Плавтий Сильван пришел на помощь Херсонесу и разгромил угрожавших городу варваров. После этого римские власти стали более активно вмешиваться во внутренние дела Херсонеса, что отразилось на чеканке монеты... Около 250 г. римские войска вновь появляются в Крыму, но, судя по имеющимся сейчас данным, они теперь дислоцировались уже только в Херсонесе и, следовательно, масштабы римского военного присутствия в сравнении с более ранним временем сократились. Но на этот раз римские войска здесь оставались недолго и были выведены не позднее третьей четверти III в. Этим заканчивается более чем столетняя история постоянного римского военного присутствия в Таврике.\"\n\nEnglish version: \"In the mid-60s AD the legate of the Roman province of Moesia, Tiberius Plautius Silvanus, aided Chersonesos in defeating the barbarians who were threatening the city. After these events the Roman authorities started to intervene in the internal politics of Chersonesos more forcefully, a circumstance which was reflected in the issue of coinage... In approximately 250 AD Roman troops appeared in Crimea again, but were stationed only in Chersonesos so that the scale of the Roman presence was smaller in comparison with the earlier period. This time the Romans stayed in Chersonesos for a shorter period and finally left in the third quarter of the 3rd century.\"", "editorialNote": "The spatial coverage of this period extends to the site of Tauric Chersonesos (https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/226564) in Crimea, but spatial coverage area cannot be specified because Crimea is currently considered occupied territory by the international community (Ukrainian sovereignty, Russian control)."}, "p0nt759pz84": {"id": "p0nt759pz84", "type": "Period", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200331175421/http://chersonesos.org/?p=history_medi", "source": {"locator": "http://chersonesos.org/?p=history_medi"}, "label": "Средневековый", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ru", "languageTag": "ru", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval", "Byzantine"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"label": "конец VI в.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0567", "latestYear": "0599"}}, "stop": {"label": "1399/1440", "in": {"earliestYear": "1399", "latestYear": "1440"}}, "note": "\"После разделения Великой Римской империи на Западную и Восточную Херсон (сокращенная форма названия города окончательно вытеснила старое приблизительно к концу VI в.) становится одним из пограничных рубежей Византийской империи и на протяжении всего средневекового периода остается главным форпостом Византии в Северном Причерноморье... В 1399 году Херсон был разрушен татарами окончательно и на месте некогда процветавшего города остались уже никогда не возродившиеся руины, и последний рукоположенный в 1440 году митрополит Херсона, жил уже не в городе, а где-то в окрестностях.\"\n\nEnglish version: \"After the division of the Roman empire into the Western and Eastern empires Cherson (this shortened form replaced the ancient name of the city approximately at the end of the 6th century) became one of the frontier regions of Byzantium. During the entire medieval period it served as the major Byzantine outpost in the northern Black Sea region... In 1399 the Tatars finally destroyed Cherson, so that only ruins remained where once stood a prosperous city. The last metropolitan of Cherson was appointed in 1440 and lived in the outskirts of town.\"", "editorialNote": "The spatial coverage of this period extends to the site of Tauric Chersonesos (https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/226564) in Crimea, but spatial coverage area cannot be specified because Crimea is currently considered occupied territory by the international community (Ukrainian sovereignty, Russian control)."}}, "source": {"citation": "Project \"Megarica\". 2016. http://chersonesos.org.", "title": "Chersonesos.org", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200331170523/http://chersonesos.org/?p=index", "yearPublished": "2016", "creators": [{"name": "Project \"Megarica\""}], "contributors": [{"name": "Ludmila Grinenko"}, {"name": "Nikita Khrapunov"}]}}, "p0b6j5m": {"id": "p0b6j5m", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0b6j5mmfbc": {"id": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "type": "Period", "label": "Byzantine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p08vvjk5t32", "p0nt759pz84"], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "0330"}, "label": "330 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1399"}, "label": "1399 CE"}, "note": "Metropolitan Museum Heilbrunn timeline begins Byzantine history at the foundation of Constatinople (https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/byza/hd_byza.htm); chersonesos.org notes final destruction of Chersonesos by Mongols in 1399.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine"]}}, "p0b6j5mmx9p": {"id": "p0b6j5mmx9p", "type": "Period", "label": "11th-12th century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "0989"}, "label": "989 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1199"}, "label": "1199 CE"}, "note": "11th century understood to begin in the years immediately following the destruction of the site by Vladimir of Kyiv in 988/989 CE.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["11th-12th century"]}}, "p0b6j5m3t44": {"id": "p0b6j5m3t44", "type": "Period", "label": "13th century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p08vvjkdcnx", "p0nt759pz84", "p08vvjksgbh"], "broader": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "start": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1299"}, "label": "1299 CE"}, "note": "Broad designation derived from pottery chronology and from the stratigraphic history of the site (final period of occupation), independent of historical/art-historical periodization (hence the start at 1200 rather than with the Fourth Crusade and the capture of Constantinople in 1204). Used for the final phase of occupation in the South Region, which seems to have been destroyed before the end of the 13th century and largely abandoned.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["13th century"]}}, "p0b6j5mchgh": {"id": "p0b6j5mchgh", "type": "Period", "label": "14th century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0nt759pz84", "p08vvjkdcnx"], "broader": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "start": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "1300 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1399"}, "label": "1399 CE"}, "localizedLabels": {"en": ["14th century"]}}, "p0b6j5mtpfd": {"id": "p0b6j5mtpfd", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Byzantine (5th-7th century)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p08vvjkjsgg", "p0nt759mt2t"], "broader": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0699"}, "label": "699 CE"}, "note": "This period definition reflects common usage, pottery chronologies, and site stratification at Chersonesos, starting later than the Metropolitan Museum Heilbrunn timeline and stopping before the period of iconoclasm noted as \"the 700s\" in the Heilbrunn timeline.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Byzantine (5th-7th century)"]}}, "p0b6j5mq3ms": {"id": "p0b6j5mq3ms", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Byzantine (9th-11th century)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p08vvjkcfqt", "p0nt759pz84"], "broader": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204 CE"}, "note": "Conventionally, this period starts with the end of Iconoclasm in 843 CE, but this definition is based on pottery chronologies and is more general in its start date. The end date is the conventional end of the period with the capture of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade and the beginning of the period of Latin control.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Byzantine (9th-11th century)"]}}, "p0b6j5mzmnj": {"id": "p0b6j5mzmnj", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Byzantine (13th-14th century)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p08vvjkdcnx", "p0nt759pz84"], "broader": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1399"}, "label": "1399 CE"}, "note": "From the Latin conquest of Constantinople to the historical date for the final sack of Chersonesos.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Byzantine (13th-14th century)"]}}, "p0b6j5mgvqt": {"id": "p0b6j5mgvqt", "type": "Period", "label": "Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"label": "350/330 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0349", "latestYear": "-0329"}}, "stop": {"label": "60/70 CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0060", "latestYear": "0070"}}, "note": "Start date reflects beginning of floruit of Greek city; end date provided by the historical dates for the firm inclusion of Chersonesos into the Roman orbit.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic"]}}, "p0b6j5mh84m": {"id": "p0b6j5mh84m", "type": "Period", "label": "Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0nt759xcps"], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"label": "60/70 CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0060", "latestYear": "0070"}}, "stop": {"label": "329 CE", "in": {"year": "0329"}}, "note": "Start date provided by chersonesos.org, which notes that the city's close alliance with Romans starts in \"mid 60s\" of the 1st century CE.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"]}}, "p0b6j5m46gm": {"id": "p0b6j5m46gm", "type": "Period", "label": "Modern", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "1783"}, "label": "1783 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2006"}, "label": "2006 CE"}, "note": "Start date provided by the foundation of Sevastopol in 1783; end date provided by the final season of excavation in the South Region.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}}, "p0b6j5m239w": {"id": "p0b6j5m239w", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Antique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "derivedFrom": ["p0nt759mt2t"], "broader": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"label": "250/275 CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0250", "latestYear": "0275"}}, "stop": {"label": "525/575 CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0525", "latestYear": "0575"}}, "note": "This period was not originally applied in the South Region excavations, where this range was covered by a loose intersection between the \"Roman\" and \"Early Byzantine\" periods.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Antique"]}}, "p0b6j5mh78j": {"id": "p0b6j5mh78j", "type": "Period", "label": "Iconoclasm", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dark Ages"]}, "broader": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700 CE"}, "stop": {"label": "841/843 CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0841", "latestYear": "0843"}}, "note": "This period is only obliquely referenced in the Metropolitan Museum Heilbrunn Timeline as \"the Iconoclastic controversy\", which occupies the \"700s and early 800s\". Wikipedia has a more precise definition for the period of Iconoclasm (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Iconoclasm), and divides it into two periods: 730-787 CE and 814-843. The history of the site provided at chersonesos.org notes that Chersonesos was made a thematic capital in 841 CE, so this may be a more natural end date for its \"Dark Ages\" (a term now deprecated)."}, "p0b6j5mq68m": {"id": "p0b6j5mq68m", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0b6j5mgvqt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0334"}, "label": "335 BCE"}, "stop": {"label": "270/260 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0269", "latestYear": "-0259"}}, "note": "Period runs more or less from the beginning to the end of the amphora-stamp series for Chersonesos amphorae; the 270/260 BCE date is also derived from the note at chersonesos.org that this is the period at which the Scythian incursions into the territory of Chersonesos begin.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Hellenistic"]}}, "p0b6j5mv5hb": {"id": "p0b6j5mv5hb", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0b6j5mgvqt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"label": "270/260 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0269", "latestYear": "-0259"}}, "stop": {"label": "110 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0109"}}, "note": "From the beginning of the wars with the Scythians to the appointment of Diophantes by Mithridates, according to http://chersonesos.org.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Hellenistic"]}}, "p0b6j5md9jr": {"id": "p0b6j5md9jr", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Hellenistic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "broader": "p0b6j5mgvqt", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0109"}, "label": "110 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0060", "latestYear": "0070"}, "label": "60/70 CE"}, "note": "Period of growing intervention by the Romans at Chersonesos, according to http://chersonesos.org.", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Hellenistic"]}}, "p0b6j5m3c4q": {"id": "p0b6j5m3c4q", "type": "Period", "label": "12th to mid-13th century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["12th to mid-13th century"]}, "broader": "p0b6j5mmfbc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tauric Chersonesos", "start": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100 CE"}, "stop": {"label": "1220 to 1278 CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "1220", "latestYear": "1278"}}, "note": "Period term used to describe stratigraphic deposits and objects that date broadly to the last two phases of activity in the South Region of Chersonesos, but that cannot be dated specifically to the final phase. This includes objects that were found in the destruction layers but may have been created decades beforehand. The stop year range is a terminus ante quem defined by the earliest date at which we think the destruction of the South Region might have taken place and the latest reasonable date that matches our evidence for the near-total destruction of the city in the 13th century (the material suggests that a date previously proposed to match historical records of an incursion by Nogay Khan in 1299 is too late). "}}, "source": {"citation": "A. Rabinowitz and L. Sedikova. 2020. Chersonesos South Region Periodization.", "title": "Chersonesos South Region Periodization", "yearPublished": "2020", "creators": [{"name": "Adam Rabinowitz"}, {"name": "Larissa Sedikova"}]}, "editorialNote": "Periodization developed in the course of excavations carried out by the joint Institute of Classical Archaeology (University of Texas)/National Preserve of Tauric Chersonesos project in the South Region of Chersonesos in Crimea from 2001-2006, refined for database implementation and final publication between 2008 and 2020."}, "p0wctqt": {"id": "p0wctqt", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0wctqtjkck": {"id": "p0wctqtjkck", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "HES-000289"}, "label": "pravěk", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/cs", "languageTag": "cs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["prehistory"], "cs": ["pravěk"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Czech Republic", "start": {"in": 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"http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/cs", "languageTag": "cs", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle/Late La Tène Period (LtC1–2)"], "cs": ["střední/mladší doba laténská (LtC1–2)"]}, "broader": "p0wctqt5c64", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Czech Republic", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0250"}, "label": "-250"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0120"}, "label": "-120"}}}, "source": {"title": "AMCR Periods Vocabulary", "url": "https://amcr-info.aiscr.cz/", "yearPublished": "2025", "creators": [{"name": "Archaeological Information System of the Czech Republic"}], "contributors": [], "citation": "Archaeological Map of the Czech Republic (AMCR) Periods Vocabulary", "locator": "Locator provided for each term is the ID used for referencing the term in the original database."}}, "p0s2rwk": {"id": "p0s2rwk", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0s2rwkc5hz": {"id": "p0s2rwkc5hz", "type": "Period", "label": "Historic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Historic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "0 BP2000"}, "note": "General term for later phases of complex civilizations"}, "p0s2rwkf8h7": {"id": "p0s2rwkf8h7", "type": "Period", "label": "Smithfield", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Smithfield"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "200 BP2000"}, "note": "Smithfield used specifically without a following letter designation includes assemblages with backed bladelets, long end scrapers at end of sequence from Karoo.", "broader": "p0s2rwkdxrz"}, "p0s2rwkk4mx": {"id": "p0s2rwkk4mx", "type": "Period", "label": "Ceramic Wilton", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ceramic Wilton"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "1900 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "200 BP2000"}, "note": "Wilton, probably hunter-gatherers, but with pottery"}, "p0s2rwk49st": {"id": "p0s2rwk49st", "type": "Period", "label": "Herder", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Herder"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "200 BP2000"}, "note": "Herders are pastoralists with fat-tailed sheep, cows and Khoekhoe pottery"}, "p0s2rwkqncn": {"id": "p0s2rwkqncn", "type": "Period", "label": "Strandloper", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Strandloper"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2000"}, "label": "4000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "200 BP2000"}, "note": "coastally adapted hunter-gatherers with few formal tools, large untrimmed flakes", "broader": "p0s2rwkdxrz"}, "p0s2rwkdxrz": {"id": "p0s2rwkdxrz", "type": "Period", "label": "LSA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Stone Age", "LSA"], "af": ["Later Steentydperk"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-28000"}, "label": "30000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "200 BP2000"}, "note": "ArchStrat LSA includes those assemblages that are of non-specific LSA attribution.\n\nOnly use this ArchStrat if you have no further information."}, "p0s2rwkrbhq": {"id": "p0s2rwkrbhq", "type": "Period", "label": "Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1600"}, "label": "3600 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP2000"}, "note": "Farming societies, agriculturalists with metal, animals, farming, generally defined"}, "p0s2rwkzmr7": {"id": "p0s2rwkzmr7", "type": "Period", "label": "Post-Wilton", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post-Climax Wilton", "Late Wilton", "Inland Wilton", "Smithfield C", "Interior Wilton", "Post-Wilton"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2000"}, "label": "4000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP2000"}, "note": "Small hafted scrapers, associated with backed bladelets but few to no segments, younger than Wilton.\n\nBased on Deacon HJ, Deacon J, 1999. Human Beginnings in South Africa. David Philip Publishers, Cape Town."}, "p0s2rwkjb3t": {"id": "p0s2rwkjb3t", "type": "Period", "label": "Smithfield N", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Smithfield N"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2000"}, "label": "4000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP2000"}, "note": "concave scrapers for wood working, from Natal (N)", "broader": "p0s2rwkdxrz"}, "p0s2rwk492m": {"id": "p0s2rwk492m", "type": "Period", "label": "Smithfield P", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Smithfield P"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2000"}, "label": "4000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP2000"}, "note": "small hafted straight-sided scrapers with steep retouch for wood working, from Pongoland (P)", "broader": "p0s2rwkdxrz"}, "p0s2rwkqqsq": {"id": "p0s2rwkqqsq", "type": "Period", "label": "Smithfield General", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Smithfield General"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "12000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "2000 BP2000"}, "note": "Smithfield, with no clarification, was used before the time when Smithfield was divided into sub-divisions (A, B, C).\n\nSmithfield without a clear definition of time.", "broader": "p0s2rwkdxrz"}, "p0s2rwkb59z": {"id": "p0s2rwkb59z", "type": "Period", "label": "Indian Microlithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Indian Microlithic - S Asia", "Indian Microlithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q917", "label": "Bhutan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q902", "label": "Bangladesh"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-46000"}, "label": "48000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1000"}, "label": "3000 BP2000"}, "note": "Sites with microlithic technologies including backed pieces, microblades, microblade cores. In India the definition of microlithic begins at length of 3 cm (width not defined).\n\nAge range based on max age for Mehtakheri and general min age for late hunter gatherers. Often the younger appearance of microlithic cultures is termed Mesolithic in India but we do not differentiate these in ROAD.", "broader": "p0s2rwkj4cn", "editorialNote": "Label adjusted to \"Indian Microlithic\" as of June 2024."}, "p0s2rwkwbsz": {"id": "p0s2rwkwbsz", "type": "Period", "label": "Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3300"}, "label": "5300 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1500"}, "label": "3500 BP2000"}, "note": "Approximate beginning of the Bronze Age in Levant, through the beginning of the Iron Age in the Hittite Empire."}, "p0s2rwkdztt": {"id": "p0s2rwkdztt", "type": "Period", "label": "Wilton", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Smithfield B", "Wilton"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6000"}, "label": "8000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2000"}, "label": "4000 BP2000"}, "note": "Long and narrow scrapers for leather working, associated with backed bladelets but not segments.\n\nClassic Wilton, microlithic assemblage with high incidence of backed bladelets and especially segments or crescents, borers, small scrapers on truncated flakes and blades, oval double scrapers with steep retouch along both margins (= double segments), ornaments, polished bone tools.\n\nBased on Deacon HJ, Deacon J, 1999. Human Beginnings in South Africa. David Philip Publishers, Cape Town.\n\nSee Lombard et al. 2012 for age.", "broader": "p0s2rwkdxrz"}, "p0s2rwktsx4": {"id": "p0s2rwktsx4", "type": "Period", "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Copper Age", "Chalcolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5000"}, "label": "7000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3000"}, "label": "5000 BP2000"}, "note": "Generally defined."}, "p0s2rwkkkxz": {"id": "p0s2rwkkkxz", "type": "Period", "label": "Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Stone Age", "Neolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9500"}, "label": "11500 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3000"}, "label": "5000 BP2000"}, "note": "Early farming societies, dates based on early start in Levant and late end in Europe."}, "p0s2rwk5zjw": {"id": "p0s2rwk5zjw", "type": "Period", "label": "Mesolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9600"}, "label": "11600 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4500"}, "label": "6500 BP2000"}, "note": "Does not include Epipaleolithic."}, "p0s2rwkpck5": {"id": "p0s2rwkpck5", "type": "Period", "label": "Capsian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Capsian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-8000"}, "label": "10000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5000"}, "label": "7000 BP2000"}, "broader": "p0s2rwk5zjw"}, "p0s2rwksqkd": {"id": "p0s2rwksqkd", "type": "Period", "label": "Albany", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oakhurst", "Smithfield A", "Lockshoek", "Albany"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "12000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5000"}, "label": "7000 BP2000"}, "note": "Albany and Oakhurst assemblages contain few or no microliths, scrapers (round end, D-shaped, duckbill), polished bone tools.\n\nLockshoek is the Karoo variant.\n\nSmithfield A: large round or rectangular scrapers > 30mm for leather working.\n\nBased on Deacon HJ, Deacon J, 1999. Human Beginnings in South Africa. David Philip Publishers, Cape Town.\n\nSee Lombard et al. 2012 for age."}, "p0s2rwkg7bp": {"id": "p0s2rwkg7bp", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Acacus", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Acacus"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6800"}, "label": "8800 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6000"}, "label": "8000 BP2000"}, "note": "Late Acacus characterized by groups with diversified extractive economy, almost exclusive mountain environment settlement pattern and semi-residential occupation. These indicate a reduced mobility and a more intensive exploitation of the local environment, in comparatively more arid conditions, starting ca. 8500 BP (Vernet AAR 2003 review of Garcea 2001).", "broader": "p0s2rwk5zjw"}, "p0s2rwkgggp": {"id": "p0s2rwkgggp", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Acacus", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Acacus"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-7800"}, "label": "9800 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6800"}, "label": "8800 BP2000"}, "note": "Early Acacus characterized by specialized extractive economy, dual settlement pattern (mountains and ergs), and high level of mobility. This system required exploitation of resources over a wide territory. However, no cereal pollen types were recovered in Early Acacus deposits (Vernet AAR 2003 review of Garcea 2001).", "broader": "p0s2rwk5zjw"}, "p0s2rwk4tvb": {"id": "p0s2rwk4tvb", "type": "Period", "label": "Oranian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oranian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-18000"}, "label": "20000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8000"}, "label": "10000 BP2000"}, "note": "Eastern Oranian 14000-10000 in Libya, Final Paleolithic, also called Iberomaurusian", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwkpzxh": {"id": "p0s2rwkpzxh", "type": "Period", "label": "Epigravettian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epigravettian"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-19000"}, "label": "21000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8000"}, "label": "10000 BP2000"}, "note": "The Epigravettian technocomplex is well known in southern and eastern Europe and dates right after the Gravettian. Its material culture is similar to the Gravettian with the use of fine blades, bladelets, and, in many cases, microblades to manufacture backed tools. Bone tools, art, and symbolic artifacts, mostly representing animals and geometric motives, are also very common.\n\nOne site in Armenia, Kalavan-1, is attributed to the Epigravettian, but to date, no Gravettian sites are known from the Caucasus. If it is true it is the southeastern-most occurrence of the Epigravettian.", "editorialNote": "Coverage changed from \"Europe\" to \"Eurasia\" as of June 2024.", "narrower": []}, "p0s2rwks8k2": {"id": "p0s2rwks8k2", "type": "Period", "label": "Epipaleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epipaleolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-22000"}, "label": "24000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8000"}, "label": "10000 BP2000"}, "note": "Late prehistoric hunter-gatherer societies before the advent of agriculture.\n\nTechnically, the Epipaleolithic is defined as the final phase of the Upper Paleolithic. However, we consider the Epipaleolithic as its own category because it falls mainly outside the time range and scope of the ROCEEH project."}, "p0s2rwkwb33": {"id": "p0s2rwkwb33", "type": "Period", "label": "Magosian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Magosian"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwk4546", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-37000"}, "label": "39000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8000"}, "label": "10000 BP2000"}, "note": "Mixed industry of Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age artifacts, dates estimated."}, "p0s2rwkd4n5": {"id": "p0s2rwkd4n5", "type": "Period", "label": "Harifian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Harifian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "14000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9000"}, "label": "11000 BP2000"}, "note": "Harif point, obliquely truncated bladelet with pointed base formed by microburin technique and steep retouch. Summary: Microburin technique used habitually on large sites, absent in small inventories, Harif points, small lunates and triangles, Mostly simple backing, Helwan retouch very rare, Round houses.\n\nFound in desert southern Levant, Negev and Sinai, contemporaneous with late Natufian of northern parts of the Levant (Goring-Morris 1987, 257, Schyle & Uerpmann 1996, 268). Harifian hunter-gatherer culture in seasonal camps defined at Abu Salem in Central Negev (Marks & Scott 1976), discovered 1969 around the plateau of Tar Harif.", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwksjfw": {"id": "p0s2rwksjfw", "type": "Period", "label": "Natufian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Natufian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-13000"}, "label": "15000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9000"}, "label": "11000 BP2000"}, "note": "Natufian most widely known Epipalaeolithic industry in Near East, already discovered in the 1920s. Ground stone tools and blades with sickle gloss indicate use and cultivation of cereals. Summary: Use of classical and Krukowski microburin technique, Lunates, size and style Helwan retouch or simple backing, Picks and sickle blades with gloss, Regular use of ground stone tools like mortars, mullers and pestles.\n\nNatufian occurs in central and northern Palestine, with fewer finds in southern Palestine, the steppe of the Negev and Sinai, high Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountains, and Syro-Arabian Desert. Microliths and geometrics make up >40% of every assemblage.", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwkqk3r": {"id": "p0s2rwkqk3r", "type": "Period", "label": "Robberg", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"af": ["Robberg"], "en": ["Robberg"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwkdxrz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-16000"}, "label": "18000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "12000 BP2000"}, "note": "The Robberg industry is characterized by standardized production of bladelets using punch technique. Cores are often worked in bipolar mode (Mitchell 2002: The Archaeology of Southern Africa). Mainly microlithic, few backed tools, few scrapers of variable size, many unretouched bladelets.\n\nAge based on Lombard et al. 2012, could be back to 22,000."}, "p0s2rwknq95": {"id": "p0s2rwknq95", "type": "Period", "label": "Mushabian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mushabian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-14000"}, "label": "16000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "14000 BP2000"}, "note": "Classic Mushabian characterized by dominance of arch-backed bladelets, La Mouillah points and scalene triangles, all truncated at one end using microburin technique. Helwan lunates also included. Rectangular and trapezoidal microliths mostly absent. Some assemblages contain Ramon points, similar to La Mouillah points. Summary: Microburin technique, Arch-backed bladelets and scalene triangles, La Mouillah points, all truncated at one end using microburin technique.\n\nThe Mushabian was found in southern Jordan, Negev and Sinai and can be divided into an earlier phase (14,500-12,800 BP) of a classical Mushabian and a later phase with the finds from Shunera (Goring-Morris 1987) which overlaps with the Early Natufian (12,800-11,000 BP). It was first discovered during excavations in the northern Sinai in the 1970s (Phillips & Mintz 1977).", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwkw38q": {"id": "p0s2rwkw38q", "type": "Period", "label": "Geometric Kebaran", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Geometric Kebaran"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-15000"}, "label": "17000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "14000 BP2000"}, "note": "Lithics consist of laminar debitage and microliths, >50% rectangular and trapezoidal forms. Addition of 2nd truncation on Geometric Kebaran blanks, resulting in rectangular microliths unlike truncated pieces of Kebaran. Summary: No habitual use of microburin technique, geometric microliths, Mostly rectangular and trapezoidal forms, Rare occurrence of Helwan retouch, Regular finds of shell beads and ornaments.\n\nGeometric Kebaran or Kebaran A dates 14,500-12,500 BP from southern Sinai to Syria. Older sites are found on the coast and may correlate with dry conditions of the LGM. During more humid conditions until the Geometric Kebaran expanded further inland, ending ca. 13,000 BP before the early Natufian climatic deterioration. Finds from the north in the El Kowm Basin of Syria are quite similar to those from southern Sinai.", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwk4tpt": {"id": "p0s2rwk4tpt", "type": "Period", "label": "Iberomaurusian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iberomaurusian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-18000"}, "label": "20000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "14000 BP2000"}, "note": "Small elements like backed bladelets in western North Africa.\n\nAlso called Oranian.", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwkv3zf": {"id": "p0s2rwkv3zf", "type": "Period", "label": "Magdalenian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Magdalenian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-18000"}, "label": "20000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "14000 BP2000"}, "note": "Blade-dominated industry, rich bone industry, figurative art, many different types of ornaments.", "broader": "p0s2rwk499p"}, "p0s2rwkzvzs": {"id": "p0s2rwkzvzs", "type": "Period", "label": "Dabban", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dabban"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "14000 BP2000"}, "note": "Blade-based industry, endscrapers, burins, backed bladelets, chamfered blades.", "broader": "p0s2rwkstb4"}, "p0s2rwkstb4": {"id": "p0s2rwkstb4", "type": "Period", "label": "Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic", "Upper Paleolithic - Africa"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "14000 BP2000"}}, "p0s2rwkn79h": {"id": "p0s2rwkn79h", "type": "Period", "label": "Nizzanian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nizzanian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-16000"}, "label": "18000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-14000"}, "label": "16000 BP2000"}, "note": "Assemblages are characterized by small triangular microliths, and gravette and microgravette points. Further finds include beautiful end scrapers and dihedral burins. The microburin technique is used habitually. Summary: Habitual use of the microburin technique, Small triangular microliths, gravette points and microgravettes.\n\nSites of the Nizzanian are often grouped into older phases of Geometric Kebaran dating to 17-15 ka BP and contemporary with later Kebaran. First sites described are Wadi Jilat 6 and Ein Gev IV (Bar-Yosef 1980, 1981). Newer finds have expanded the distribution of the Nizzanian from the Negev and the coastal plains to the Azraq Basin (Garrard 1998). Sites vary considerably in size, from huge expanses in Wadi Jilat 6 and Karaneh IV, to smaller sizes and ephemeral camps.", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwkrm8q": {"id": "p0s2rwkrm8q", "type": "Period", "label": "Kebaran", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kebaran"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-20000"}, "label": "22000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-16000"}, "label": "18000 BP2000"}, "note": "Simple, lacks complexity and abundance of forms compared to later industries. Differences fluid, assemblages dominated by micropoints (curved backed bladelets with wider base), backed points, obliquely truncated backed bladelets, micropoints, or other backed pieces. Summary: No habitual use of the microburin technique, Mostly non-geometric microliths, First industry with invasive retouch/backing of the pieces, Two large phases, with the later phase yielding truncated pieces.\n\nDates about 20-14 ka uncal BP Fellner (1995a, 22). A widespread phenomenon in the Mediterranean zone and oases of Palestine, Israel, southern Syria, Lebanon and western Jordan, extending into the desert areas of the Negev and Sinai. The desert areas seem to have been settled slightly later, with dates of about 16 ka uncal BP.", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwkp72n": {"id": "p0s2rwkp72n", "type": "Period", "label": "Solutrean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Solutrean"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-22000"}, "label": "24000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-16000"}, "label": "18000 BP2000"}, "note": "Different bifacially retouched tool types, especially leaf points.\n\nIncludes Solutrean and also Badegoulian industries.", "broader": "p0s2rwk499p"}, "p0s2rwkdqt2": {"id": "p0s2rwkdqt2", "type": "Period", "label": "ELSA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Later Stone Age", "ELSA"], "af": ["Vroeë Later Steentydperk"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-16000"}, "label": "18000 BP2000"}, "note": "ELSA is characterised by large scrapers, including circular, convex, concave and informal types, scaled pieces, broad irregular flakes, and micro-blades with predominantly plain striking platforms."}, "p0s2rwkvbjp": {"id": "p0s2rwkvbjp", "type": "Period", "label": "Masraqan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Masraqan"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-22000"}, "label": "24000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-18000"}, "label": "20000 BP2000"}, "note": "Assemblages with finely retouched, elongated bladelets. Blanks narrow, slightly curved, not twisted. Elongated, narrow, single plat cores with intensive prep. Simple end scrapers, burins present. Microburin tech not used. Ambiguous use of backing rare. Summary: Non-geometric microliths, small, partially retouched bladelets, Larger blade tools blades, simple end scrapers, Mostly lat retouch, backing not habitual, No microburin tech, First ground stone tools, rare shell beads, bone tools.\n\nThe Masraqan is a term for sites also labeled late Ahmarian, late Upper Paleolithic, Terminal Upper Paleolithic, Proto-Kebaran and even Kebaran. The sites range from the Sinai and Negev, to Jordan and further north to Lebanon.", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwk4546": {"id": "p0s2rwk4546", "type": "Period", "label": "MSA/LSA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Stone Age/Later Stone Age", "Middle Stone Age to Later Stone Age Transition", "MSA to LSA Transition", "2nd Intermediate", "Second Intermediate", "MSA/LSA"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-18000"}, "label": "20000 BP2000"}, "note": "Transitional phase between Middle Stone Age (MSA) and Later Stone Age (LSA).\n\nFollowing van Riet Lowe, Clark, Klein, Mitchell, Barham, and others, for vague and diverse industries.\n"}, "p0s2rwkkmk9": {"id": "p0s2rwkkmk9", "type": "Period", "label": "Nebekian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nebekian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-22000"}, "label": "24000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-19000"}, "label": "21000 BP2000"}, "note": "Typical tools include finely retouched, elongated, narrow bladelets. Pieces are either arch-backed or obliquely truncated. Bladelets are fragmented due to the microburin technique and represent the oldest examples showing the habitual use of this technique in the Levant. Summary: Elongated backed bladelets, arch-backed bladelets and microliths, First common use of microburin technique (both classical and Krukowski type).\n\nThe term Nebekian was first used by Rust (1950) for the artifacts he excavated in Yabroud, Shelter 3, layers 6 and 7. Madamaghan sites in southern Jordan may belong to the Nebekian if the lunates of these inventories are indeed intrusive. The distribution of the Nebekian seems to be towards the eastern steppic region of the Levant, even though the low number of sites makes this assumption diffcult to prove.", "broader": "p0s2rwks8k2"}, "p0s2rwk499p": {"id": "p0s2rwk499p", "type": "Period", "label": "Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic", "Upper Paleolithic - Eurasia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-41000"}, "label": "43000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-20000"}, "label": "22000 BP2000"}, "note": "General UP techno-complexes from Eurasia."}, "p0s2rwk7pr3": {"id": "p0s2rwk7pr3", "type": "Period", "label": "Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic", "Upper Paleolithic - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-45000"}, "label": "47000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-20000"}, "label": "22000 BP2000"}, "note": "Use this term for Levantine Upper Paleolithic assemblages."}, "p0s2rwkgtzf": {"id": "p0s2rwkgtzf", "type": "Period", "label": "Atlitian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Atlitian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-26000"}, "label": "28000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-22000"}, "label": "24000 BP2000"}, "note": "Upper Palaeolithic assemblage named for the type site, Atlit, in Mount Carmel. There are several layers with Aurignacian-like assemblages and this culture followed the Antelian (formerly Middle Aurignacian). It was among the assemblages that preceded various Mesolithic developments in the Near East. See Copeland 1975 Aurignacian C, last Aurignacian phase, dates estimated.", "broader": "p0s2rwk7pr3"}, "p0s2rwk9j72": {"id": "p0s2rwk9j72", "type": "Period", "label": "Ahmarian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ahmarian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-45000"}, "label": "47000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-22000"}, "label": "24000 BP2000"}, "note": "Straight blades.\n\nMiddle to Upper Paleolithic Transition, Late Ahmarian also known as Masraqan.", "broader": "p0s2rwk7pr3"}, "p0s2rwk5ndd": {"id": "p0s2rwk5ndd", "type": "Period", "label": "Gravettian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gravettian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-33000"}, "label": "35000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-23000"}, "label": "25000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Gravettian techno-complexes from Eurasia.", "broader": "p0s2rwk499p"}, "p0s2rwk489f": {"id": "p0s2rwk489f", "type": "Period", "label": "Levantine Aurignacian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Levantine Aurignacian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-28000"}, "label": "30000 BP2000"}, "note": "Carinated forms, blade industry, bone tools.", "broader": "p0s2rwk7pr3"}, "p0s2rwkgvzp": {"id": "p0s2rwkgvzp", "type": "Period", "label": "Microlithic LSA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Microlithic Later Stone Age", "Microlithic LSA"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1009", "label": "Cameroon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q929", "label": "Central African Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q657", "label": "Chad"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q974", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q971", "label": "Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q983", "label": "Equatorial Guinea"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1000", "label": "Gabon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-48000"}, "label": "50000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-28000"}, "label": "30000 BP2000"}, "note": "Late Pleistocene pre- or aceramic Later Stone Age (LSA) techno-complexes in Central Africa, predating 30,000 BP, microlithic industries on quartz.", "broader": "p0s2rwkdxrz"}, "p0s2rwk5623": {"id": "p0s2rwk5623", "type": "Period", "label": "MSA 4", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Stone Age 4", "MSA 4"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-48000"}, "label": "50000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-28000"}, "label": "30000 BP2000"}, "editorialNote": "More general term (broader spatiotemporal coverage) than Final MSA (defined at Sibudu Cave including Border Cave)."}, "p0s2rwkpxb7": {"id": "p0s2rwkpxb7", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Pietersburg", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"af": ["Laat Pietersburg"], "en": ["Late Pietersburg"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-56000"}, "label": "58000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-28000"}, "label": "30000 BP2000"}, "note": "Conversation between Michaela Ecker and Lyn Wadley in 2011 defined Late Pieterburg as Final Middle Stone Age and post-Howiesonspoort, for example at Border Cave (Beaumont)."}, "p0s2rwk7np7": {"id": "p0s2rwk7np7", "type": "Period", "label": "Post-Still Bay", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"af": ["Post Stilbaai"], "en": ["Post-Still Bay"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-68000"}, "label": "70000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-28000"}, "label": "30000 BP2000"}, "note": "Used only at sites with no Howiesonspoort, late Middle Stone Age sites, generally not used."}, "p0s2rwknqbf": {"id": "p0s2rwknqbf", "type": "Period", "label": "MSA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Stone Age", "MSA"], "af": ["Middel Steentydperk"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-28000"}, "label": "30000 BP2000"}, "note": "ArchStrat Middle Stone Age (MSA) includes those assemblages that are of non-specific MSA attribution.\n\nOnly use this ArchStrat if you have no further information."}, "p0s2rwkzhsq": {"id": "p0s2rwkzhsq", "type": "Period", "label": "Pietersburg", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"af": ["Pietersburg"], "en": ["Pietersburg"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-28000"}, "label": "30000 BP2000"}, "note": "Includes tools and elongate flakes made on hornfels (see Bushman Rock Shelter, Cave of Hearths, Border Cave), but generally not well defined, Sampson used it for all sites north of Johannesburg.\n\nGeneral Middle Stone Age term for a variety of assemblage types, but sometimes used as synonym for Howiesonspoort, before 1965 Still Bay used for all sites with points, see also Bambata."}, "p0s2rwkn8cc": {"id": "p0s2rwkn8cc", "type": "Period", "label": "Aurignacian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Aurignacian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-41000"}, "label": "43000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-30000"}, "label": "32000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Aurignacian techno-complexes from Europe with carinated tools, blade industry, bone tools, figurative art.", "broader": "p0s2rwk499p"}, "p0s2rwkchqc": {"id": "p0s2rwkchqc", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic", "Middle Paleolithic - S Asia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q917", "label": "Bhutan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q902", "label": "Bangladesh"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-448000"}, "label": "450000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-32000"}, "label": "34000 BP2000"}, "note": "Sites with prepared core technologies.\n\nThe age range is very broad and based on the maximum age for Attirampakkam and the minimum age for Jwalapuram, both in southern India. Together these define the MP of India, which tends to overlap with dates of the LP."}, "p0s2rwkb67n": {"id": "p0s2rwkb67n", "type": "Period", "label": "Final MSA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Middle Stone Age", "Volman MSA 4", "Volman Middle Stone Age 4", "Klasies MSA IV", "Klasies Middle Stone Age IV", "Final MSA phase", "Klein's 2nd Intermediate and Magosian-Tshangulan", "Final MSA"], "af": ["Eind Middel Steentydperk"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwk5623", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-41000"}, "label": "43000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-33000"}, "label": "35000 BP2000"}, "note": "Defined at Sibudu Cave for very latest Middle Stone Age industries dated at 38.6 ka (Jacobs et al. 2008), also includes Border Cave.\n\nAlternate labels based on Wurz S, 2002. Variability in the Middle Stone Age Lithic Sequence, 115,000–60,000 Years Ago at Klasies River, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science 29, 1001–1015.", "editorialNote": "More specific term (narrower spatiotemporal coverage) than MSA 4 (defined for Southern Africa more broadly).\n"}, "p0s2rwk9v36": {"id": "p0s2rwk9v36", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Upper Paleolithic", "Early Upper Paleolithic - Eurasia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-41000"}, "label": "43000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-33000"}, "label": "35000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Early Upper Paleolithic techno-complexes from Eurasia.", "broader": "p0s2rwk499p"}, "p0s2rwkdmx5": {"id": "p0s2rwkdmx5", "type": "Period", "label": "Proto-Aurignacian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Proto-Aurignacian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-41000"}, "label": "43000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-33000"}, "label": "35000 BP2000"}, "note": "Many (often retouched) bladelets.\n\nSometimes called Archaic Aurignacian, with the type site as Fumane Cave in Italy.", "broader": "p0s2rwk499p"}, "p0s2rwkfvcf": {"id": "p0s2rwkfvcf", "type": "Period", "label": "Post-Howiesonspoort", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Volman MSA 3", "Volman Middle Stone Age 3", "Klasies MSA III", "Klasies Middle Stone Age III", "Post-Howiesonspoort phase", "Post-Howiesonspoort"], "af": ["Post Howiesonspoort"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-63000"}, "label": "65000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-33000"}, "label": "35000 BP2000"}, "note": "Defined at Sibudu Cave for MSA industries after HP dated at 58.5 ka (Jacobs et al. 2008), also includes Border Cave and expanded to include younger assemblages after HP without specific dating.\n\nAlternate labels based on Wurz S, 2002. Variability in the Middle Stone Age Lithic Sequence, 115,000–60,000 Years Ago at Klasies River, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science 29, 1001–1015.", "editorialNote": "More general term (broader spatiotemporal coverage) than MSA 3 (defined at Sibudu Cave including Border Cave)."}, "p0s2rwkhqmw": {"id": "p0s2rwkhqmw", "type": "Period", "label": "Uluzzian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Uluzzian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-41000"}, "label": "43000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-37000"}, "label": "39000 BP2000"}, "note": "Early Upper Paleolithic technocomplex focusing on flake production. Frequent use of bipolar technique and high frequency of splintered pieces. Several retouched backed pieces, sometimes classifiable as “lunates”.\n\nMinimum age is based on Campanian ignimbrite (39300).", "broader": "p0s2rwk499p"}, "p0s2rwktzs7": {"id": "p0s2rwktzs7", "type": "Period", "label": "Chatelperronian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chatelperronian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-48000"}, "label": "50000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-37000"}, "label": "39000 BP2000"}, "note": "Backed points.\n\nFor now, we still consider Chatelperronian as Middle Paleolithic, dating subject to change.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwktxzf": {"id": "p0s2rwktxzf", "type": "Period", "label": "Emiran", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Emiran"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-45000"}, "label": "47000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Emireh points with base tapered by means of bifacial retouch.\n\nMiddle to Upper Paleolithic Transition, also Emiran.", "broader": "p0s2rwk7pr3"}, "p0s2rwkrq2q": {"id": "p0s2rwkrq2q", "type": "Period", "label": "Initial Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Initial Upper Paleolithic", "Initial Upper Paleolithic - Eurasia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-45000"}, "label": "47000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Earliest Upper Paleolithic in Eurasia.\n\nMiddle Paleolithic to Upper Paleolithic transitional industry, e.g., Emiran.", "broader": "p0s2rwk499p"}, "p0s2rwkgr7p": {"id": "p0s2rwkgr7p", "type": "Period", "label": "Denticulate Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Denticulate Mousterian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-68000"}, "label": "70000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Levallois technology, many denticulates.\n\nBased on late appearance of denticulates in many French sequences, but could be older.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwkbdx5": {"id": "p0s2rwkbdx5", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mousterian", "Late Mousterian - Eurasia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-68000"}, "label": "70000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Based on Richter 2011, 2016 with focus on Marine Isotope Stage 4-3.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwktj4g": {"id": "p0s2rwktj4g", "type": "Period", "label": "Mousterian of Acheulean Tradition", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mousterian of Acheulean Tradition"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-68000"}, "label": "70000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Mousterian of Acheulean Tradition is distinguished by handaxes, often triangular and cordiform.\n\nBased on Soressi dissertation 2002.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwk8kwp": {"id": "p0s2rwk8kwp", "type": "Period", "label": "Szeletian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Szeletian"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-73000"}, "label": "75000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Bifacial industries of the very late Middle Paleolithic, from about end of Marine Isotope Stage 5a or beginning of Marine Isotope Stage 4 to end of Middle Paleolithic.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwkj466": {"id": "p0s2rwkj466", "type": "Period", "label": "Khormusan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Khormusan"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-83000"}, "label": "85000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Old name for technocomplex in Egypt and Sudan, Nubian, was Upper Paleolithic now Middle Paleolithic.", "broader": "p0s2rwkb7rc"}, "p0s2rwkrh4r": {"id": "p0s2rwkrh4r", "type": "Period", "label": "Micoquian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Micoquian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-128000"}, "label": "130000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Bifacial retouch frequent, Keilmesser.\n\nIncludes Keilmesser Group, partially based on Rchter 2011, Jöris 2004, using Marine Isotope Stage 5-3.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwkq2c8": {"id": "p0s2rwkq2c8", "type": "Period", "label": "Aterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Aterian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-148000"}, "label": "150000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Tanged points, Levallois technology.\n\nEspecially in Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, type site is Bir el Ater in Algeria, dates expanded according to Richter et al. 2010 with regard to Aterian at Ifri n Ammar.", "broader": "p0s2rwkb7rc"}, "p0s2rwkb7rc": {"id": "p0s2rwkb7rc", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic", "Middle Paleolithic - Africa"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q958", "label": "South Sudan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1049", "label": "Sudan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "North Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}}, "p0s2rwk3x68": {"id": "p0s2rwk3x68", "type": "Period", "label": "Charentian La Ferrassie", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charentian La Ferrassie"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "High Levallois component.\n\nFollows general dating of Mousterian.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwkw6zf": {"id": "p0s2rwkw6zf", "type": "Period", "label": "Charentian La Quina", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Charentian La Quina"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "No or very few handaxes, many sidescrapers, often Quina type, very low, if any, Levallois component.\n\nFollows general dating of Mousterian.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwkjh5q": {"id": "p0s2rwkjh5q", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic", "Middle Paleolithic - Eurasia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}}, "p0s2rwkwgnt": {"id": "p0s2rwkwgnt", "type": "Period", "label": "Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mousterian", "Mousterian - Eurasia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "Based on Richter 2011, 2016 with focus on Marine Isotope Stage 8-3.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwkwcmr": {"id": "p0s2rwkwcmr", "type": "Period", "label": "Late MSA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Middle Stone Age", "Late MSA"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-48000"}, "label": "50000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-43000"}, "label": "45000 BP2000"}, "note": "Defined at Sibudu Cave for Late Middle Stone Age industries dated at 47.7 ka (Jacobs et al. 2008), also includes Border Cave.\n\nPoorly defined industries from the late Middle Stone Age, possibly equivalent to Magosian-Tshangulan in Zimbabwe.", "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf"}, "p0s2rwk9zmd": {"id": "p0s2rwk9zmd", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Levalloiso-Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Levalloiso-Mousterian", "Late Levalloiso-Mousterian - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-98000"}, "label": "100000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-45000"}, "label": "47000 BP2000"}, "note": "Sub-triangular points, unidirectional and convergent cores.\n\nTabun B-type, Kebara.", "broader": "p0s2rwkzthp"}, "p0s2rwkzthp": {"id": "p0s2rwkzthp", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic", "Middle Paleolithic - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-45000"}, "label": "47000 BP2000"}, "note": "General term for Middle Paleolithic assemblages, whether they are Levallois or not."}, "p0s2rwkzjgb": {"id": "p0s2rwkzjgb", "type": "Period", "label": "Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mousterian", "Mousterian - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-45000"}, "label": "47000 BP2000"}, "note": "General term for Middle Paleolithic assemblages with Levallois technology.", "broader": "p0s2rwkzthp"}, "p0s2rwk8gqf": {"id": "p0s2rwk8gqf", "type": "Period", "label": "non-Levalloiso-Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["non-Levalloiso-Mousterian", "non-Levalloiso-Mousterian - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-45000"}, "label": "47000 BP2000"}, "note": "Non-specific non-Levallois technology.\n\nGeneral term for Middle Paleolithic assemblages with non-Levallois technology.", "broader": "p0s2rwkzthp"}, "p0s2rwkmnsj": {"id": "p0s2rwkmnsj", "type": "Period", "label": "MSA 3", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Stone Age 3", "MSA 3"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwkfvcf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-56000"}, "label": "58000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-48000"}, "label": "50000 BP2000"}, "note": "Defined at Sibudu Cave for MSA industries after HP dated at 58.5 ka (Jacobs et al. 2008), also includes Border Cave.", "editorialNote": "More specific term (narrower spatiotemporal coverage) than Post-Howiesonspoort (defined for Southern Africa more broadly).\n"}, "p0s2rwk3frc": {"id": "p0s2rwk3frc", "type": "Period", "label": "Howiesonspoort", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Howiesons Port", "Howiesonspoort"], "af": ["Howiesons Poort", "Howiesonspoort"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-64000"}, "label": "66000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-56000"}, "label": "58000 BP2000"}, "note": "The Howiesonspoort industry is a technocomplex to be found in the southern region of the African continent (as in South Africa, Namibia, Zambia), characterised by geometric forms of backed parts of blades, sometimes named microliths, crescents or lunates.\n\nThe minimum & maximum ages are estimates/average values. See Lombard et al. 2012 for ages."}, "p0s2rwkhs2p": {"id": "p0s2rwkhs2p", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Pietersburg", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"af": ["Middel Pietersburg"], "en": ["Middle Pietersburg"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-56000"}, "label": "58000 BP2000"}, "note": "Conversation between Michaela Ecker and Lyn Wadley in 2011 defined Middle Pieterburg as pre-Howiesonspoort, but used here more broadly to also include Howiesonspoort."}, "p0s2rwkhrsn": {"id": "p0s2rwkhrsn", "type": "Period", "label": "Pre-Howiesonspoort", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"af": ["Pre Howiesonspoort"], "en": ["Pre-Howiesonspoort"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-98000"}, "label": "100000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-63000"}, "label": "65000 BP2000"}, "note": "Used especially at sites with no Still Bay.", "editorialNote": "More general term (broader spatiotemporal coverage) than MSA 3."}, "p0s2rwkpnk7": {"id": "p0s2rwkpnk7", "type": "Period", "label": "Bambata", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bambata"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-75000"}, "label": "77000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-68000"}, "label": "70000 BP2000"}, "note": "Equates to Rhodesian Still Bay in Zimbabwe.\n\nBefore 1965 Still Bay used for all sites with points, see also Pietersburg.", "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf"}, "p0s2rwk5sfq": {"id": "p0s2rwk5sfq", "type": "Period", "label": "Still Bay", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"af": ["Stilbaai"], "en": ["Still Bay"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-75000"}, "label": "77000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-68000"}, "label": "70000 BP2000"}, "note": "The Still Bay lithic industry is characterized by bifacial points of lanceolate shape, the so-called Still Bay Points.\n\nThe minimum & maximum ages are estimates/average values. See Lombard et al. 2012 for ages."}, "p0s2rwk2374": {"id": "p0s2rwk2374", "type": "Period", "label": "Mossel Bay", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Volman MSA 2b", "Volman Middle Stone Age 2b", "Klasies MSA II", "Klasies Middle Stone Age II", "Mossel Bay phase", "MSA 2b", "Middle Stone Age 2b", "Mossel Bay"], "af": ["Mosselbaai"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-103000"}, "label": "105000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-75000"}, "label": "77000 BP2000"}, "note": "Triangular points with convergent flakes (Goodwin and van Riet Lowe 1929), Wurz uses term for pre-Still Bay of Klasies River.\n\nThe Mossel Bay lithic industry is characterized by bifacial points, sometimes used as a synonym for Still Bay. The minimum and maximum ages are estimated based on Lombard et al. 2012. See Keller 1970 (SAAB) for description.\n\nAlternate labels based on Wurz S, 2002. Variability in the Middle Stone Age Lithic Sequence, 115,000–60,000 Years Ago at Klasies River, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science 29, 1001–1015."}, "p0s2rwk3smr": {"id": "p0s2rwk3smr", "type": "Period", "label": "Pre-Still Bay", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"af": ["Pre Stilbaai"], "en": ["Pre-Still Bay"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-128000"}, "label": "130000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-75000"}, "label": "77000 BP2000"}, "note": "Ante-Still Bay, the time before Still Bay generally speaking, broader than pre-Still Bay proposed by Lombard et al. 2012."}, "p0s2rwkd5xr": {"id": "p0s2rwkd5xr", "type": "Period", "label": "Early MSA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Middle Stone Age", "Early MSA"], "af": ["Vroeë Middel Steentydperk"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-75000"}, "label": "77000 BP2000"}, "note": "Early Middle Stone Age includes those assemblages that are older than Still Bay."}, "p0s2rwkv6vb": {"id": "p0s2rwkv6vb", "type": "Period", "label": "Glen Grey Falls", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Glen Grey Falls"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-148000"}, "label": "150000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-78000"}, "label": "80000 BP2000"}, "note": "Seldom used and poorly defined industry in sequence starting with Glen Grey Falls, Pietersburg, Still Bay, Howiesonspoort, proposed by Goodwin and van Riet Lowe 1929, dates are highly speculative.", "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf"}, "p0s2rwkqfc4": {"id": "p0s2rwkqfc4", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Levalloiso-Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Levalloiso-Mousterian", "Middle Levalloiso-Mousterian - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-98000"}, "label": "100000 BP2000"}, "note": "Shorter blades and oval to rectangular flakes, centripetal and bidirectional cores.\n\nTabun C-type.", "broader": "p0s2rwkzthp"}, "p0s2rwkrdwh": {"id": "p0s2rwkrdwh", "type": "Period", "label": "Klasies River", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["MSA 2a", "Middle Stone Age 2a", "Volman MSA 2a", "Volman Middle Stone Age 2a", "Klasies MSA I", "Klasies Middle Stone Age I", "Klasies River phase", "Klasies River"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-128000"}, "label": "130000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-103000"}, "label": "105000 BP2000"}, "note": "Alternate labels based on Wurz S, 2002. Variability in the Middle Stone Age Lithic Sequence, 115,000–60,000 Years Ago at Klasies River, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science 29, 1001–1015.\n\nSee Lombard et al. 2012 for estimated dates."}, "p0s2rwk3mdp": {"id": "p0s2rwk3mdp", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Acheulean", "Late Acheulean - S Asia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q917", "label": "Bhutan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q902", "label": "Bangladesh"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-118000"}, "label": "120000 BP2000"}, "note": "Conceived for Indian sites with refined bifaces and prepared core technologies. Blumenschine et al. (1983) first classified such assemblages as Middle Paleolithic, but more recently they have been grouped as Lower Paleolithic.\n\nAge range consistent with relatively young sites in Middle Son Valley in India."}, "p0s2rwkkxgq": {"id": "p0s2rwkkxgq", "type": "Period", "label": "Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Acheulean", "Acheulean - S Asia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q917", "label": "Bhutan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q902", "label": "Bangladesh"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1498000"}, "label": "1500000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-118000"}, "label": "120000 BP2000"}, "note": "Conceived for Indian sites with a general Acheulean affiliation, especially including sites with bifacial technology.\n\nWide age range consistent with oldest (Attirampakkam) and youngest (Middle Son Valley) sites in India."}, "p0s2rwktwhb": {"id": "p0s2rwktwhb", "type": "Period", "label": "MSA 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Stone Age 1", "MSA 1"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-128000"}, "label": "130000 BP2000"}, "note": "Volman Middle Stone Age 1, early Middle Stone Age, see Lombard et al. 2012 for estimated age.", "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf"}, "p0s2rwkb97f": {"id": "p0s2rwkb97f", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Middle Paleolithic", "Early Middle Paleolithic - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-258000"}, "label": "260000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-178000"}, "label": "180000 BP2000"}, "note": "Includes those assemblages that are of non-specific Early Middle Paleolithic attribution.\n\nMisliya Cave.", "broader": "p0s2rwkzthp"}, "p0s2rwk6k97": {"id": "p0s2rwk6k97", "type": "Period", "label": "Hummalian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hummalian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-258000"}, "label": "260000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-178000"}, "label": "180000 BP2000"}, "broader": "p0s2rwkzthp"}, "p0s2rwkq335": {"id": "p0s2rwkq335", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Sangoan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Sangoan"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1009", "label": "Cameroon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q929", "label": "Central African Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q657", "label": "Chad"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q974", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q971", "label": "Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q983", "label": "Equatorial Guinea"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1000", "label": "Gabon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Early Stone Age to Middle Stone Age Transition, see Charaman, for now set to same age as Sangoan.", "broader": "p0s2rwk9s3n"}, "p0s2rwk6cpw": {"id": "p0s2rwk6cpw", "type": "Period", "label": "Lupemban", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lupemban"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1009", "label": "Cameroon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q929", "label": "Central African Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q657", "label": "Chad"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q974", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q971", "label": "Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q983", "label": "Equatorial Guinea"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1000", "label": "Gabon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Latest phase of Early Stone Age - Ojallo Industry / Earliest phase of Middle Stone Age  - Pundo Makwar Industry.\n\nEarly Stone Age to Middle Stone Age Transition.", "broader": "p0s2rwk9s3n"}, "p0s2rwkh4jw": {"id": "p0s2rwkh4jw", "type": "Period", "label": "Proto-Still Bay", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"af": ["Proto Stilbaai"], "en": ["Proto-Still Bay"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwk9s3n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1009", "label": "Cameroon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q929", "label": "Central African Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q657", "label": "Chad"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q974", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q971", "label": "Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q983", "label": "Equatorial Guinea"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1000", "label": "Gabon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "More heavy duty picks and core-axes, small scrapers, rare handaxes and cleavers.\n\nEarly Stone Age to Middle Stone Age  Transition, similar to Sangoan."}, "p0s2rwkznpv": {"id": "p0s2rwkznpv", "type": "Period", "label": "Sangoan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sangoan"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1009", "label": "Cameroon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q929", "label": "Central African Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q657", "label": "Chad"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q974", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q971", "label": "Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q983", "label": "Equatorial Guinea"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1000", "label": "Gabon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Poss proto-Still Bay, 1st Intermediate (Klein): Charama, Bembesi in Zimbabwe/ Sango Bay, Twin Rivers, Khami, Pomongwe, Nsongezi, Kalambo Falls in Zambia/ Bambata?\n\nEarly Stone Age to Middle Stone Age  Transition.", "broader": "p0s2rwk9s3n"}, "p0s2rwkwcdz": {"id": "p0s2rwkwcdz", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Pietersburg", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Pietersburg"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Conversation between Michaela Ecker and Lyn Wadley in 2011 defines Early Pietersburg as pre-Still Bay, but consider Proto-Still Bay for comparison.", "broader": "p0s2rwknqbf"}, "p0s2rwkvtbj": {"id": "p0s2rwkvtbj", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Levalloiso-Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Levalloiso-Mousterian", "Early Levalloiso-Mousterian - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Blades, elongated forms, unidirectional and bidirectional cores.\n\nTabun D-type.", "broader": "p0s2rwkzthp"}, "p0s2rwkt9hw": {"id": "p0s2rwkt9hw", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Middle Paleolithic", "Early Middle Paleolithic - Eurasia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-348000"}, "label": "350000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Broad interpretation, but applied to sites in France and Italy.", "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q"}, "p0s2rwk9s3n": {"id": "p0s2rwk9s3n", "type": "Period", "label": "ESA/MSA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Stone Age/Middle Stone Age ", "Early Stone Age to Middle Stone Age Transition", "ESA to MSA Transition", "1st Intermediate", "First Intermediate", "ESA/MSA"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-398000"}, "label": "400000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Transitional phase between Early Stone Age (ESA) and Middle Stone Age (MSA).\n\nFollowing van Riet Lowe, Clark, Klein, Mitchell, Barham, and others, for vague and diverse industries.\n"}, "p0s2rwkzgmz": {"id": "p0s2rwkzgmz", "type": "Period", "label": "Acheulo-Yabrudian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Acheulo-Yabrudian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-398000"}, "label": "400000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Synonymous with Amudian, Mugharan Tradition, Pre-Aurignacian.\n\nLower to Middle Paleolithic Transition, includes Tabun E, Qesem.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwk5gvx": {"id": "p0s2rwk5gvx", "type": "Period", "label": "Amudian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Amudian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-398000"}, "label": "400000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Synonymous with Pre-Aurignacian, Mugharan Tradition, Acheulo-Yabrudian.\n\nLower to Middle Paleolithic Transition, esimate based on dates for Qesem, Yabroud, Zuttiyeh, Tabun.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwk5xwm": {"id": "p0s2rwk5xwm", "type": "Period", "label": "Mugharan Tradition", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mugharan Tradition"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-398000"}, "label": "400000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Synonymous with Amudian, Acheulo-Yabrudian, Pre-Aurignacian.\n\nLower to Middle Paleolithic Transition.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwkr2b6": {"id": "p0s2rwkr2b6", "type": "Period", "label": "Pre-Aurignacian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Aurignacian", "Pre-Aurignacian - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-398000"}, "label": "400000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-198000"}, "label": "200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Synonymous with Amudian, Mugharan Tradition, Acheulo-Yabrudian, includes Levallois and prismatic blade cores.\n\nLower to Middle Paleolithic Transition, defined by Rust for Yabrud, Syria, dates estimated.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwk62wc": {"id": "p0s2rwk62wc", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Acheulean", "Late Acheulean - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-598000"}, "label": "600000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-248000"}, "label": "250000 BP2000"}, "note": "Tabun F, Umm Khatafa.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwkdv6q": {"id": "p0s2rwkdv6q", "type": "Period", "label": "Tayacian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tayacian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-698000"}, "label": "700000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-248000"}, "label": "250000 BP2000"}, "note": "Equivalent to Tabun F-type in Israel.\n\nObsolete techno-complex, use Late Acheulean - Levant, age range probably narrower. Sometimes used to describe Low and Mid Paleolithic flake industries lacking handaxes, bifaces and retouched pieces. Originally used for industries from lower levels at La Micoque, subsequently applied to industries over wide geographical and chronol range. Layers belonging to penultimate glacial period assigned to Tayacian. Also describes primitive flake-tool tradition of Israel, like smaller Clactonian industry."}, "p0s2rwk379x": {"id": "p0s2rwk379x", "type": "Period", "label": "Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Acheulean", "Acheulean - Europe"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-998000"}, "label": "1000000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-248000"}, "label": "250000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Acheulean techno-complexes from Europe.\n\nEarliest possible dates of 700000 in the Loire valley of France, dates from ca. 800000 to 1000000 in Barranc de la Boella, Spain.", "broader": "p0s2rwkp552"}, "p0s2rwksk4h": {"id": "p0s2rwksk4h", "type": "Period", "label": "Yabrudian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Yabrudian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-398000"}, "label": "400000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-258000"}, "label": "260000 BP2000"}, "note": "Lower to Middle Paleolithic Transition.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwkpsb6": {"id": "p0s2rwkpsb6", "type": "Period", "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic", "Lower Paleolithic - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1798000"}, "label": "1800000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-258000"}, "label": "260000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Lower Paleolithic with no further details."}, "p0s2rwk4vvk": {"id": "p0s2rwk4vvk", "type": "Period", "label": "LP/MP Transitional Industries", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic/Middle Paleolithic Transitional Industries", "LP/MP Transitional Industries"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-398000"}, "label": "400000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "note": "Latest phase of Lower Paleolithic or earliest phase of Middle Paleolithic in Europe, defined through Italy at Guado San Nicola.\n\nLower Paleolithic to Middle Paleolithic Transition.\n"}, "p0s2rwkjp52": {"id": "p0s2rwkjp52", "type": "Period", "label": "Clactonian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Clactonian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-628000"}, "label": "630000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "note": "Clactonian techno-complexes from Europe.\n\nEarliest possible dates not known, date estimated on Jöris 2014, Oxygen Isotope Stage 16-9.", "broader": "p0s2rwkp552"}, "p0s2rwkf28k": {"id": "p0s2rwkf28k", "type": "Period", "label": "Fauresmith", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fauresmith"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-648000"}, "label": "650000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "note": "Last phase of the Acheulean.\n\nSee 1st Intermediate phase of Richard G. Klein.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwkjtbj": {"id": "p0s2rwkjtbj", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Acheulean", "Late Acheulean - Africa"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-798000"}, "label": "800000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "note": "Last phase of the Acheulean with well developed and elaborated handaxes.\n\nSites include Transvaal, Montagu, Rooidam. we chose 300 ka for consistency with Acheulean, but according to Deacon & Deacon (1999) up to 250 ka and Mitchell (2002) up to 200 ka.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwk5sjm": {"id": "p0s2rwk5sjm", "type": "Period", "label": "Victoria West", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Victoria West"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q963", "label": "Botswana"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1050", "label": "Eswatini"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1013", "label": "Lesotho"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1030", "label": "Namibia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q258", "label": "South Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q916", "label": "Angola"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1020", "label": "Malawi"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1029", "label": "Mozambique"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q953", "label": "Zambia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q954", "label": "Zimbabwe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-798000"}, "label": "800000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "note": "Proto-Levallois cores, horseshoe-shaped cores, prepared cores (e.g. Montagu Cave).\n\nSee Victoria West I & II, proto-Levallois cores (Goodwin), Stellenbosch, Chellean, described in Barham & Mitchell 2008 as Middle Pleistocene ESA, but with undefined appearance.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwkp552": {"id": "p0s2rwkp552", "type": "Period", "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic", "Lower Paleolithic - Europe"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1498000"}, "label": "1500000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Lower Paleolithic with no further details."}, "p0s2rwk8scs": {"id": "p0s2rwk8scs", "type": "Period", "label": "Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Acheulean", "Acheulean - Africa"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1798000"}, "label": "1800000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "note": "Handaxe cultures of the Acheulean.\n\nSee also Abbevillian.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwknm9c": {"id": "p0s2rwknm9c", "type": "Period", "label": "ESA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Stone Age", "ESA"], "af": ["Vroeë Steentydperk"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2598000"}, "label": "2600000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-298000"}, "label": "300000 BP2000"}, "note": "Includes assemblages that cannot be attributed to a specific phase of the Early Stone Age."}, "p0s2rwkc67v": {"id": "p0s2rwkc67v", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Middle Paleolithic", "Early Middle Paleolithic - S Asia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q917", "label": "Bhutan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q902", "label": "Bangladesh"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-448000"}, "label": "450000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-318000"}, "label": "320000 BP2000"}, "note": "Added for oldest early Middle Paleolithic site in India, Attirampakkam, with prepared core technology and diminutive bifaces (based on date range 321-449 ka).", "broader": "p0s2rwkchqc"}, "p0s2rwkx727": {"id": "p0s2rwkx727", "type": "Period", "label": "Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Acheulean", "Acheulean - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1498000"}, "label": "1500000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-248000"}, "label": "250000 BP2000"}, "note": "Use this term for Levantine Acheulean assemblages.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwk2zd3": {"id": "p0s2rwk2zd3", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Acheulean", "Middle Acheulean - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-798000"}, "label": "800000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-598000"}, "label": "600000 BP2000"}, "note": "Ubeidiya, Latamne, Umm Khatafa, early Middle Pleistocene assemblages.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwkvz7p": {"id": "p0s2rwkvz7p", "type": "Period", "label": "Oldowan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oldowan", "Oldowan - Europe"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1498000"}, "label": "1500000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-698000"}, "label": "700000 BP2000"}, "broader": "p0s2rwkp552"}, "p0s2rwk998h": {"id": "p0s2rwk998h", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Acheulean", "Middle Acheulean - Africa"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-998000"}, "label": "1000000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-798000"}, "label": "800000 BP2000"}, "note": "Middle phase of Acheulean.\n\nSee Victoria West I & II, proto-Levallois cores (Goodwin), Stellenbosch, Chellean.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwkkptv": {"id": "p0s2rwkkptv", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Acheulean", "Early Acheulean - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1498000"}, "label": "1500000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-798000"}, "label": "800000 BP2000"}, "note": "Ubeidiya, Early Pleistocene assemblages.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwkftrf": {"id": "p0s2rwkftrf", "type": "Period", "label": "Developed Oldowan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Developed Oldowan", "Developed Oldowan - Africa"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1698000"}, "label": "1700000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-998000"}, "label": "1000000 BP2000"}, "note": "A) 1.65-1.53 Ma, spheroids, small flake tools, B) 1.53-1.2 Ma, and small percentage of bifacially flaked tools, shaping of anvils, more LCTs, C) 1.2-1.0 Ma, more percussion tools, variable bifaces.\n\nMitchell & Barham (2008) say Oldowan and Acheulean overlap in time.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwkzcfq": {"id": "p0s2rwkzcfq", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Acheulean", "Early Acheulean - Africa"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1798000"}, "label": "1800000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-998000"}, "label": "1000000 BP2000"}, "note": "Oldest phase of the Acheulean.\n\nKokiselei 4, Sterkfontein, Swartkrans.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwkqm5m": {"id": "p0s2rwkqm5m", "type": "Period", "label": "Oldowan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oldowan", "Oldowan - Levant"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1798000"}, "label": "1800000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1198000"}, "label": "1200000 BP2000"}, "note": "Use this term for  Oldowan assemblages in the Levant.\n\nDmanisi, Erq el-Ahmar.", "broader": "p0s2rwkpsb6"}, "p0s2rwk8vhh": {"id": "p0s2rwk8vhh", "type": "Period", "label": "Karari Industry", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Karari Industry"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1009", "label": "Cameroon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q929", "label": "Central African Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q657", "label": "Chad"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q974", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q971", "label": "Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q983", "label": "Equatorial Guinea"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1000", "label": "Gabon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1598000"}, "label": "1600000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1398000"}, "label": "1400000 BP2000"}, "note": "Similar to Developed Oldowan, with a conspicuous incidence of core scrapers.\n\nThe formal category Karari Industry has been proposed to designate assemblages from the Lower Okote Member. This industry displays a rather loose, heterogeneous set of characteristics. Assemblages exemplifying these characteristics are to be understood as a facies of variable sets of toolkits. This industry shares broad, generalized features with near-contemporary industries such as the Developed Oldowan A from Bed II at Olduvai, but also show distinctive patterns of difference.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwk5tt8": {"id": "p0s2rwk5tt8", "type": "Period", "label": "Oldowan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oldowan", "Oldowan - Africa"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2598000"}, "label": "2600000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1498000"}, "label": "1500000 BP2000"}, "note": "See pre-Abbevillian.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwkrsmz": {"id": "p0s2rwkrsmz", "type": "Period", "label": "KBS Industry", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kay Behrensmeyer Site Industry", "KBS Industry"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1009", "label": "Cameroon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q929", "label": "Central African Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q657", "label": "Chad"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q974", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q971", "label": "Republic of the Congo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q983", "label": "Equatorial Guinea"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1000", "label": "Gabon"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Africa", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1898000"}, "label": "1900000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1798000"}, "label": "1800000 BP2000"}, "note": "Like Oldowan but with rarity of retouched flakes (small scrapers).\n\nIndustry deriving from the Kay Behrensmeyer Site (KBS) tuff and KBS member of Koobi Fora. The assemblages are comparable to Olduvai Bed I. The only difference – and therefore the distinction – is the rarity of retouched flakes (small scrapers). But since these assemblages are broadly contemporary, the KBS Industry should be seen as a local variant of the Oldowan industry.", "broader": "p0s2rwknm9c"}, "p0s2rwkgzwv": {"id": "p0s2rwkgzwv", "type": "Period", "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic - S Asia", "Lower Paleolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q917", "label": "Bhutan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q902", "label": "Bangladesh"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1498000"}, "label": "1500000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-118000"}, "label": "120000 BP2000"}, "note": "General LP techno-complexes from S Asia, with ages parallel to the Acheulean. However, there is no clear distinction between those two technocomplexes. Thus far, there is no evidence for pre-Acheulean cultures in South Asia.", "editorialNote": "Date range adjusted as of June 2024."}, "p0s2rwkvgft": {"id": "p0s2rwkvgft", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Upper Paleolithic - E Asia", "Early Upper Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwkv9kq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-41000"}, "label": "43000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-33000"}, "label": "35000 BP2000"}, "note": "General EUP techno-complexes from E Asia."}, "p0s2rwk59gd": {"id": "p0s2rwk59gd", "type": "Period", "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic - E Asia", "Lower Paleolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1798000"}, "label": "1800000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-98000"}, "label": "100000 BP2000"}, "note": "General LP techno-complexes from E Asia."}, "p0s2rwkv9kq": {"id": "p0s2rwkv9kq", "type": "Period", "label": "Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic - E Asia", "Upper Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwk499p", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-41000"}, "label": "43000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-20000"}, "label": "22000 BP2000"}, "note": "General UP techno-complexes from E Asia."}, "p0s2rwkjpgp": {"id": "p0s2rwkjpgp", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic - E Asia", "Middle Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwkt9hw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-58000"}, "label": "60000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-33000"}, "label": "35000 BP2000"}, "note": "In general, MP finds are made of poor quality local raw material, using direct-hard hammer percussion without preparing cores. Regular flakes often used as they are, but some shaped regular tools, mainly side scrapers are present. Technology is often simple free-hand core reduction or bipolar technique. Some diversity does exist, as shown by the Huangniliang site in NE China.\n\nThe Middle Paleolithic in China is also referred to as later Early Paleolithic and Late Paleolithic."}, "p0s2rwkt85p": {"id": "p0s2rwkt85p", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Pleistocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Pleistocene - E Asia", "Early Pleistocene"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2598000"}, "label": "2600000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-778000"}, "label": "780000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Early Pleistocene techno-complexes from E Asia without diagnostic artifacts but dated to Early Pleistocene.\n\nWe need to reconsider this in the future."}, "p0s2rwkqdqs": {"id": "p0s2rwkqdqs", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Acheulean", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Acheulean - E Asia", "Late Acheulean"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwk59gd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-208000"}, "label": "210000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-148000"}, "label": "150000 BP2000"}, "note": "Conceived for Chinese sites with questionable bifaces, as well as picks, cleavers, choppers and spheroids. Example is from Yang et al. 2014 who discusses chopper-chopping tool industry.\n\nAge range is based on mammalian biostratigraphy, so not strictly reliable."}, "p0s2rwkjqsm": {"id": "p0s2rwkjqsm", "type": "Period", "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic - Asia", "Lower Paleolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q399", "label": "Armenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q227", "label": "Azerbaijan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q232", "label": "Kazakhstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q813", "label": "Kyrgyzstan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q863", "label": "Tajikistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q874", "label": "Turkmenistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q265", "label": "Uzbekistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q398", "label": "Bahrain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q796", "label": "Iraq"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q817", "label": "Kuwait"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q842", "label": "Oman"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q846", "label": "Qatar"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q851", "label": "Saudi Arabia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q878", "label": "United Arab Emirates"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q805", "label": "Yemen"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q794", "label": "Iran"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-798000"}, "label": "800000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-98000"}, "label": "100000 BP2000"}, "note": "Includes pebble cultures from Asia, but not South and East Asia, or the Levant."}, "p0s2rwkf3rz": {"id": "p0s2rwkf3rz", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Pleistocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Pleistocene - E Asia", "Middle Pleistocene"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-778000"}, "label": "780000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-128000"}, "label": "130000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Middle Pleistocene techno-complexes from E Asia without diagnostic artifacts but dated to Middle Pleistocene.\n\nWe need to reconsider this in the future."}, "p0s2rwkj4cn": {"id": "p0s2rwkj4cn", "type": "Period", "label": "Upper Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic - S Asia", "Upper Paleolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q917", "label": "Bhutan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q902", "label": "Bangladesh"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-46000"}, "label": "48000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "12000 BP2000"}, "note": "Sites with undefined Upper Paleolithic technologies, usually includes laminar debitage but not microliths.\n\nAge range based on max age for microlithic industries and general min age for Pleistocene."}, "p0s2rwkpv3m": {"id": "p0s2rwkpv3m", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Pleistocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Pleistocene - E Asia", "Late Pleistocene"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148", "label": "People's Republic of China"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q483134", "label": "Korean Peninsula"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865", "label": "Taiwan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "East Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-128000"}, "label": "130000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-28000"}, "label": "30000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Late Pleistocene techno-complexes from E Asia without diagnostic artifacts but dated to Late Pleistocene.\n\nWe need to reconsider this in the future."}, "p0s2rwkvtvz": {"id": "p0s2rwkvtvz", "type": "Period", "label": "Holocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Holocene"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9700"}, "label": "11700 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "0 BP2000"}, "note": "General term for undefined, probably Holocene assemblages."}, "p0s2rwk37b8": {"id": "p0s2rwk37b8", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Middle Paleolithic - Eurasia", "Late Middle Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwkjh5q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-68000"}, "label": "70000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38000"}, "label": "40000 BP2000"}, "note": "General category for Late Middle Paleolithic assemblages from Eurasia, but not the Levant."}, "p0s2rwkp9zv": {"id": "p0s2rwkp9zv", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Middle Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Middle Paleolithic - S Asia", "Late Middle Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p0s2rwkchqc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q668", "label": "India"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843", "label": "Pakistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q889", "label": "Afghanistan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q917", "label": "Bhutan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q837", "label": "Nepal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q902", "label": "Bangladesh"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-118000"}, "label": "120000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-32000"}, "label": "34000 BP2000"}, "note": "Vaguely defined entity based on Bhimbetka caves. At Patne, the authors assign artefacts to advanced MP, which we equate with late MP. They describe a flake based industry with some UP attributes. We base the minimum age on the dates for the MP and the maximum age of the latest Acheulean industries of India. This means that the MP and LP overlap significantly."}, "p0s2rwk98c5": {"id": "p0s2rwk98c5", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Pleistocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Pleistocene - SE Asia", "Late Pleistocene"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q424", "label": "Cambodia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q819", "label": "Laos"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q833", "label": "Malaysia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q836", "label": "Myanmar"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q334", "label": "Singapore"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q869", "label": "Thailand"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q881", "label": "Vietnam"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q921", "label": "Brunei"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q574", "label": "East Timor"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q928", "label": "Philippines"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeast Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-128000"}, "label": "130000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "12000 BP2000"}, "note": "General Late Pleistocene techno-complexes from SE Asia without diagnostic artifacts but dated to Late Pleistocene, including possible Middle and Upper Paleolithic cultures. Project may need to reconsider this in the future."}, "p0s2rwkrjbs": {"id": "p0s2rwkrjbs", "type": "Period", "label": "Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15", "label": "Africa"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Africa, Europe, and Asia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2998000"}, "label": "3000000 BP2000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-18000"}, "label": "20000 BP2000"}, "note": "\"Generic Paleolithic\" period definition not used to describe ROCEEH-ROAD data, but added to authority in order to align ROCEEH dataset properly with ARIADNE.", "editorialNote": "Added per request of ROCEEH-ROAD data manager."}}, "source": {"url": "http://www.roceeh.org/", "title": "ROCEEH Out of Africa Database (ROAD)", "creators": [{"name": "The Role of Culture in Early Expansions of Humans (ROCEEH) research center"}], "citation": "The Role of Culture in Early Expansions of Humans (ROCEEH) research center. \"ROCEEH Out of Africa Database (ROAD).\" 2020.", "yearPublished": "2020", "contributors": [{"name": "Andrew Kandel"}, {"name": "Sarah Wurz"}]}, "editorialNote": "Andrew Kandel who has provided the period data is a member of the team undertaking the The Role of Culture in Early Expansions of Humans (ROCEEH) project. The data originates from the ROCEEH Out of Africa Database (ROAD). Sarah Wurz provided the Afrikaans period labels.\n\nROCEEH deals with the time from ca. 3 million to 20,000 before present. The periods in this authority reflect accepted cultural entities, which ROCEEH calls ArchStrats. The age ranges are approximate and based on publications and ROCEEH's own interpretations. \n"}, "p0w7s2m": {"id": "p0w7s2m", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0w7s2mfzhm": {"id": "p0w7s2mfzhm", "type": "Period", "url": "https://rdu.unc.edu.ar/handle/11086/766", "source": {"locator": "171"}, "label": "Intihuasi I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Intihuasi I"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}}, "p0w7s2mnw46": {"id": "p0w7s2mnw46", "type": "Period", "url": "https://rdu.unc.edu.ar/handle/11086/766", "source": {"locator": "198"}, "label": "Intihuasi IV", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Intihuasi IV"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-7290"}, "label": "-7290"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6569"}, "label": "-6569"}}, "p0w7s2mj9pt": {"id": "p0w7s2mj9pt", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "189"}, "label": "Ayampitinense II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ayampitinense II"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4000"}, "label": "-4000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3000"}, "label": "-3000"}}}, "source": {"citation": "González, A. 1960. La estratigrafía de la gruta de Intihuasi (Prov. de San Luis, R.A.) y sus relaciones con otros sitios precerámicos de Sudamérica. Revista del Instituto de Antropología I: 5-296. Córdoba. \n", "title": "La estratigrafía de la gruta de Intihuasi (Prov. de San Luis, R.A.) y sus relaciones con otros sitios precerámicos de Sudamérica", "url": "https://rdu.unc.edu.ar/handle/11086/766", "yearPublished": "1960", "creators": [{"name": "González, A. R."}], "contributors": [{"name": "Izeta, A. D."}], "locator": ""}}, "p0ztq56": {"id": "p0ztq56", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0ztq567zsz": {"id": "p0ztq567zsz", "type": "Period", "url": "http://www.saantropologia.com.ar/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/05-Pastor.pdf", "source": {"locator": "89"}, "label": "Período Prehispánico Tardío", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late pre-Hispanic Period"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1650"}, "label": "1650"}}}, "source": {"citation": "Pastor, S.; M. Medina; A. Recalde; L. López & E. Berberián. 2012. “Arqueología de la Región Montañosa Central de Argentina. Avances en el Conocimiento de la Historia Prehispánica Tardía”. Relaciones de la Sociedad Argentina de Antropología XXXVII: 89-112", "title": "Arqueología de la Región Montañosa Central de Argentina. Avances en el Conocimiento de la Historia Prehispánica Tardía", "url": "http://www.saantropologia.com.ar/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/05-Pastor.pdf", "yearPublished": "2012", "creators": [{"name": "Pastor, S."}, {"name": "Medina, M."}, {"name": "Recalde, M. A."}, {"name": "López, L."}, {"name": "Berberián  E.E"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Izeta, A. D."}], "locator": "89"}}, "p0q9sw5": {"id": "p0q9sw5", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0q9sw54m3k": {"id": "p0q9sw54m3k", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Empuries/article/view/101755", "source": {"locator": "39"}, "label": "Ayampitinense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ayampitinense"], "es": ["Ayampitinense"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6000"}, "label": "-6000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2500"}, "label": "-2500"}}}, "source": {"citation": "Schobinger, Juan. «Esquema de la prehistoria argentina». Empúries: revista de món clàssic i antiguitat tardana, [en línia], 1959, Núm. 21, p. 29-67, https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Empuries/article/view/101755", "title": "Esquema de la prehistoria argentina", "url": "https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Empuries/article/view/101755", "yearPublished": "1959", "creators": [{"name": "Schobinger, Juan"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Izeta, A. D."}]}}, "p05gbpk": {"id": "p05gbpk", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p05gbpkhvh3": {"id": "p05gbpkhvh3", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Empuries/article/view/103258", "source": {"locator": "3"}, "label": "Primer Período Cultural o Precerámico", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Cultural Period or Pre-ceramic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "-12000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "-500"}}, "p05gbpkdc7d": {"id": "p05gbpkdc7d", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Empuries/article/view/103258", "source": {"locator": "3"}, "label": "Segundo Período Cultural o Cerámico", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Cultural Period or Ceramic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "-500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1534"}, "label": "1534"}}, "p05gbpkkk5g": {"id": "p05gbpkkk5g", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Empuries/article/view/103258", "source": {"locator": "3"}, "label": "Primer Período Cerámico", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["First Ceramic Period"]}, "broader": "p05gbpkdc7d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0400"}, "label": "-400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800"}}, "p05gbpkngkp": {"id": "p05gbpkngkp", "type": "Period", "url": "https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Empuries/article/view/103258", "source": {"locator": "3"}, "label": "Segundo Período Cerámico", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Second Ceramic Period"]}, "broader": "p05gbpkdc7d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1534"}, "label": "1534"}}}, "source": {"url": "https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Empuries/article/view/103258", "locator": "3", "citation": "Serrano, Antonio. «Historia cultural del Tucumán Prehispánico (Una introducción a la Arqueología del Noroeste argentino)». Empúries: revista de món clàssic i antiguitat tardana, [en línia], 1967, Núm. 29, p. 1-91, https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Empuries/article/view/103258", "title": "Historia cultural del Tucumán Prehispánico (Una introducción a la Arqueología del Noroeste argentino)", "yearPublished": "1967", "creators": [{"name": "Antonio Serrano"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Izeta, A. D."}]}}, "p046hph": {"id": "p046hph", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p046hphpgdz": {"id": "p046hphpgdz", "type": "Period", "label": "Burica Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Burica Phase"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Gulf of Chiriquí, Panama", "start": {"label": "A.D. 300-500", "in": {"earliestYear": "0300", "latestYear": "0500"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "A.D. 800"}, "note": "“No radiocarbon dates are available as yet to establish the beginnings of the Burica Phase. I have nevertheless placed them at A.D. 300-500. This estimate is based on the presence of Coclé sherds, probably Early Coclé, and a possible Venado Beach sherd in levels of this phase… The terminal date of A.D. 800 for our Burica Phase is tentatively based on the radiocarbon date for the next phase.” (p. 86)"}, "p046hphwgfm": {"id": "p046hphwgfm", "type": "Period", "label": "San Lorenzo Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["San Lorenzo Phase"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Gulf of Chiriquí, Panama", "start": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "A.D. 800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "around A.D. 1100"}, "note": "“The next occupation in the Chiriquí Gulf is the San Lorenzo Phase which I have tentatively placed between A.D. 800 and A.D. 1100… An estimate for the end of this phase is around A.D. 1100, based on estimates for the beginning of the next phase.” (p. 86)", "narrower": []}, "p046hphr2qz": {"id": "p046hphr2qz", "type": "Period", "label": "Chiriquí Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chiriquí Phase"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Gulf of Chiriquí, Panama", "start": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "around A.D. 1100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "A.D. 1500 or slightly later"}, "note": "“The beginnings of our Chiriquí Phase should be placed in the Gulf at around A.D. 1100… A terminal date for the Chiriquí Phase should be placed at the time of the Conquest (A.D. 1500) or slightly later.” (p. 86)"}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/654159519", "title": "Cultural chronology of the Gulf of Chiriquí, Panama", "yearPublished": "1968", "creators": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/39426256", "name": "Olga F. Linares"}], "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "locator": "p. 86"}, "editorialNote": "The entire work discusses evidence for both relative and absolute chronologies in the are of the Gulf of Chiriquí, but the periods discussed are only given clear absolute dates on page 86."}, "p04k9nh": {"id": "p04k9nh", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p04k9nh58qr": {"id": "p04k9nh58qr", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 74-75"}, "label": "Aguas Buenas", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bugaba Phase", "Burica Phase", "Barriles Phase", "Aguas Buenas"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Western Panama", "start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "A.D. 300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "A.D. 900"}, "note": "“For decades, the A.D. 600  eruption of Volcán Barú was assumed to have been catastrophic enough to have ended Aguas Buenas settlements across much of the region (Linares 1977:313, 1980e:245; Sheets 2004)”, but “it appears that both the A.D. 600 eruption and assumptions about the lack of early populations in the Caribbean watershed need to be rethought. Like the rest of Gran Chiriquí, the Aguas Buenas in Gran Chiriquí might have lasted until A.D. 800 or later (Corrales 2000).” (pp 74-75) \n\n“In Western Panama, the Aguas Buenas has three different names. The most used is the Bugaba (with early and late halves), coined by Spang et al. (1980) to refer to ceramics in highland Chiriquí and the Caribbean coast (Kudarauskas et al. 1980). The second is the Burica (A.D. 400-600), used by Linares (1968) to describe Aguas Buenas materials on the Pacific coast. The least used is the Barriles phase (400  B.C. to A.D. 200), described by Haberland  (1976).” (p. 75)", "editorialNote": "While Palumbo presents “Aguas Buenas” as the primary label in the text, he focuses elsewhere on the term “Bugaba”. He also underlines the heterogeneity of interpretation concerning this period in scholarship on the area; differences emerge in the consideration of the period as a stylistic, demographic/ethic, or political phenomenon."}, "p04k9nhsk6n": {"id": "p04k9nhsk6n", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 76"}, "label": "San Lorenzo Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["San Lorenzo Phase"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p046hphwgfm"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Western Panama", "start": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "A.D. 700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "A.D. 1100"}, "note": "“San Lorenzo ceramics have been described as a temporal phase by Linares (1968a, 1968b)” (p. 76)."}, "p04k9nh8fbg": {"id": "p04k9nh8fbg", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 131"}, "label": "Early Bugaba phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bugaba phase"]}, "broader": "p04k9nh58qr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Western Panama", "start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "A.D. 300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "A.D. 600"}}, "p04k9nhj6gm": {"id": "p04k9nhj6gm", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 138"}, "label": "Late Bugaba Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bugaba Phase"]}, "broader": "p04k9nh58qr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Western Panama", "start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "A.D. 600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "A.D. 900"}}, "p04k9nh2c7q": {"id": "p04k9nh2c7q", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 68"}, "label": "Concepción Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Concepción Phase"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Western Panama", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "300 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "A.D. 400"}, "note": "\"... pottery appears relatively late in the Chiriquí sequence with the introduction of Concepción wares around 300 B.C. The Concepción represents the adoption or introduction of ceramic technology in Western Panama.\" (p. 68)"}, "p04k9nhtbcj": {"id": "p04k9nhtbcj", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 77"}, "label": "Chiriquí Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boruca", "Palmer", "Sierpe", "Chiriquí Phase"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q800", "label": "Costa Rica"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Western Panama; parts of Costa Rica", "start": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "A.D. 900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "A.D. 1500"}, "note": "“The Chiriquí phase (also called the Boruca, Palmer, or Sierpe in parts of Costa Rica) is the best known of all the Gran Chiriquí time periods.” (p. 77)"}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/775371695", "title": "The Development of Complex Society in the Volcán Barú Region of Western Panama", "yearPublished": "2009", "creators": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/1158222270#Agent/palumbo_scott", "name": "Palumbo, Scott"}], "citation": "Palumbo, S. 2009. The Development of Complex Society in the Volcán Barú Region of Western Panama. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Pittsburgh."}, "editorialNote": "Although the information in this dissertation has not been published separately, Palumbo is a cited authority in the field, and the period information in the dissertation is supported by extensive citation of public work. One period, \"Tropical Forest Archaic\", has been omitted here because it is not clear if its dates are expressed correctly (the period is assigned to 4800-2300 BCE, but in other sources its second phase ends in 300 BCE)."}, "p0j5449": {"id": "p0j5449", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0j5449rp49": {"id": "p0j5449rp49", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 29"}, "label": "Talamanca Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Talamanca Phase"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rio Chiriquí region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4599"}, "label": "4600 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 B.C."}, "editorialNote": "This definition is provided in a contribution by Ranere to the edited volume: A. Ranere, “Preceramic shelters in the Talamancan Range”, pp. 16-43.", "broader": "p0j5449tz3h"}, "p0j5449ghdk": {"id": "p0j5449ghdk", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 31"}, "label": "Boquete Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boquete Phase"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rio Chiriquí region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2299"}, "label": "2300 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "300 B.C."}, "editorialNote": "This definition is provided in a contribution by Ranere to the edited volume: A. Ranere, “Preceramic shelters in the Talamancan Range”, pp. 16-43.", "broader": "p0j5449tz3h"}, "p0j5449tz3h": {"id": "p0j5449tz3h", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 234"}, "label": "Tropical Forest Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tropical Forest Archaic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Chiriquí region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4799"}, "label": "4800 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "500 B.C."}, "editorialNote": "This definition is provided in Linares' concluding chapter, but makes reference to the preceding chapters, including Ranere's: O. Linares, \"Conclusions\", pp. 233-247."}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6798821", "title": "Adaptive radiations in prehistoric Panama", "yearPublished": "1980", "contributors": [{"name": ""}], "citation": "Adaptive Radiations in Prehistoric Panama, eds. Olga Linares and Anthony Ranere, Peabody Museum Monographs Number 5, Harvard University: Cambridge, MA, 1980.", "creators": [{"name": "Olga F. Linares"}, {"name": "Anthony James Ranere"}]}, "editorialNote": "Although the periods in this authority are derived from two separate contributions to this work by Linares and Ranere, they are closely connected enough to represent claims that could be considered to be made by the work as a whole."}, "p06tnbv": {"id": "p06tnbv", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p06tnbvxq74": {"id": "p06tnbvxq74", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 236"}, "label": "Talamanca phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Talamanca phase"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q800", "label": "Costa Rica"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Chiriqui", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "6000 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2999"}, "label": "3000 B.C."}, "note": "The older of the two preceramic phases, Talamanca, has been dated by Ranere (1975b: 177) to before 3000 B.C., while Cooke (1976a:22) suggested a dating between 5000 and 3000 B.C. Taking the corrected C14 dates into account, 6000 to 3000 B.C. seems appropriate.” (p. 236)"}, "p06tnbvtdjr": {"id": "p06tnbvtdjr", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "p. 237"}, "label": "Boquete phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Boquete phase"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q804", "label": "Panama"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q800", "label": "Costa Rica"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Chiriqui", "start": {"label": "slightly later than 3000 B.C.", "in": {"year": "-2999"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "around 1000 B.C."}, "note": "The Boquete lithic assemblage “stratigraphically overlies the Talamanca phase at the Casita de Piedra and Trapiche rockshelters (Ranere 1975b: 176-77). The single C14 date, slightly later than 3000 B.C. when adjusted, came from the top of layer D at Casita de Piedra and either antedates the Boquete phase or reflects its very beginning (Linares and Ranere 1971: 350). The end should be around 1000 B.C., since SI-1844 is said to date the transition to the following ceramic phase at Casita de Piedra. Boquete represents a gradual development out of the Talamanca phase.” (p. 237)"}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/10045443", "title": "The Archaeology of Greater Chiriqui", "yearPublished": "1984", "contributors": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/51772945", "name": "Frederick W. Lange"}, {"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/107536065", "name": "Doris Stone"}], "creators": [{"name": "Wolfgang Haberland"}], "citation": "Wolfgang Haberland, 1984. “The Archaeology of Greater Chiriqui”. In Frederick Lange and Doris Stone, eds., The Archaeology of Lower Central America. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, pp. 233-262.\n"}, "editorialNote": "The OCLC URL links to the edited volume, but the definitions come from the contribution by Haberland."}, "p09jqrd": {"id": "p09jqrd", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p09jqrdz935": {"id": "p09jqrdz935", "type": "Period", "label": "Paleolítico", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Palaeolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2598050"}, "label": "ca. 2600000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8050"}, "label": "10000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdg6gh": {"id": "p09jqrdg6gh", "type": "Period", "label": "Paleolítico Inferior", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Palaelothic", "Lower Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdz935", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Old World", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2598050"}, "label": "ca. 2600000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-348050"}, "label": "350000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdzrwb": {"id": "p09jqrdzrwb", "type": "Period", "label": "Olduvayense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oldowan"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdg6gh", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Old World", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2598050"}, "label": "ca. 2600000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-998050"}, "label": "1000000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdvtvv": {"id": "p09jqrdvtvv", "type": "Period", "label": "Achelense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Acheulean"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdg6gh", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Old World", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1698050"}, "label": "ca. 1700000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-348050"}, "label": "350000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdbjhh": {"id": "p09jqrdbjhh", "type": "Period", "label": "Paleolítico Medio", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Palaeolithic", "Middle Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdz935", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-398050"}, "label": "ca. 400000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-33050"}, "label": "35000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdnkgg": {"id": "p09jqrdnkgg", "type": "Period", "label": "Paleolítico Medio Antiguo", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Middle Palaeolithic", "Early Middle Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdbjhh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-398050"}, "label": "ca. 400000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-98050"}, "label": "100000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdbjfw": {"id": "p09jqrdbjfw", "type": "Period", "label": "Paleolítico Medio Reciente", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Middle Palaeolithic", "Late Middle Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdbjhh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-98050"}, "label": "ca. 100000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-98050"}, "label": "100000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdkdn7": {"id": "p09jqrdkdn7", "type": "Period", "label": "Paleolítico Superior", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Palaeolithic", "Upper Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdz935", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-43050"}, "label": "ca. 45000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8050"}, "label": "10000 BP"}}, "p09jqrd46k6": {"id": "p09jqrd46k6", "type": "Period", "label": "Chatelperroniense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Châtelperronian"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France, Spain", "start": {"in": {"year": "-43050"}, "label": "ca. 45000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-36050"}, "label": "38000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdvfbk": {"id": "p09jqrdvfbk", "type": "Period", "label": "Protoauriñaciense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Protoaurignacian"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-41050"}, "label": "ca. 43000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-36050"}, "label": "38000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdv2xr": {"id": "p09jqrdv2xr", "type": "Period", "label": "Auriñaciense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Aurignacian"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-38050"}, "label": "ca. 40000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-28050"}, "label": "30000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdv78f": {"id": "p09jqrdv78f", "type": "Period", "label": "Gravetiense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gravettian"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-32050"}, "label": "ca. 34000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-23050"}, "label": "25000 BP"}}, "p09jqrd9tdg": {"id": "p09jqrd9tdg", "type": "Period", "label": "Epigravetiense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epigravettian"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-22050"}, "label": "ca. 24000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-14050"}, "label": "16000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdm885": {"id": "p09jqrdm885", "type": "Period", "label": "Epiauriñacinese", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epiaurignacian"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-23550"}, "label": "ca. 25500 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-21050"}, "label": "23000 BP"}}, "p09jqrd2t92": {"id": "p09jqrd2t92", "type": "Period", "label": "Solutrense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Solutrean"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-23050"}, "label": "ca. 25000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-17050"}, "label": "19000 BP"}}, "p09jqrd9vns": {"id": "p09jqrd9vns", "type": "Period", "label": "Badegouliense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Badagoulian"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France, Spain", "start": {"in": {"year": "-21550"}, "label": "ca. 23500 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-19550"}, "label": "21500 BP"}}, "p09jqrd6prq": {"id": "p09jqrd6prq", "type": "Period", "label": "Magdaleniense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Magdalenian"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-18050"}, "label": "ca. 20000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12050"}, "label": "14000 BP"}}, "p09jqrd55hj": {"id": "p09jqrd55hj", "type": "Period", "label": "Aziliense", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Azilian"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdkdn7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France, Spain", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12050"}, "label": "ca. 14000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9050"}, "label": "11000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdvg7x": {"id": "p09jqrdvg7x", "type": "Period", "label": "Prehistoria Reciente", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Recent Prehistory"], "es": ["Prehistoria Reciente"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5550"}, "label": "7500 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1150"}, "label": "3100 BP"}}, "p09jqrd25j6": {"id": "p09jqrd25j6", "type": "Period", "label": "Neolítico", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"], "es": ["Neolítico"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdvg7x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5550"}, "label": "ca. 7500 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3050"}, "label": "5000 BP"}}, "p09jqrdbv39": {"id": "p09jqrdbv39", "type": "Period", "label": "Calcolítico", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Calcolithic"], "es": ["Calcolítico"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdvg7x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3350"}, "label": "ca. 5300 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1850"}, "label": "3800 BP"}}, "p09jqrdr7dx": {"id": "p09jqrdr7dx", "type": "Period", "label": "Edad del Bronce", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"], "es": ["Edad del Bronce"]}, "broader": "p09jqrdvg7x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1850"}, "label": "ca. 3800 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1150"}, "label": "3100 BP"}}}, "source": {"citation": "Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, CENIEH", "url": "https://www.cenieh.es/", "yearPublished": "2020"}, "editorialNote": "Superseded by the 2021 version (http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0h9ttq)."}, "p0jqmd7": {"id": "p0jqmd7", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0jqmd78gc8": {"id": "p0jqmd78gc8", "type": "Period", "label": "Roman Climate Optimum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["RCO", "Roman Climate Optimum"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "ca. 200 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0150"}, "label": "ca. AD 150"}, "note": "\"The empire reached its maximal extent and prosperity in the folds of a late Holocene climate period called the Roman Climate Optimum (RCO).\" (p.14)"}, "p0jqmd7ftd8": {"id": "p0jqmd7ftd8", "type": "Period", "label": "Roman Transitional Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Transitional Period"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0150"}, "label": "ca. AD 150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "ca. AD 450"}, "note": "\"... a period of climate disorganization covering three centuries (AD 150-450) set in, which we will propose to call the Roman Transitional Period.\" (p.15)"}, "p0jqmd7fkfq": {"id": "p0jqmd7fkfq", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Antique Little Ice Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Antique Little Ice Age"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "ca. AD 450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "ca. AD 700"}, "note": "\"... from the later fifth century, we sense the stirrings of a decisive reorganization that culminated in the Late Antique Little Ice Age. A spasm of volcanic activity in the AD 530s and 540s brought on the most frigid spell in the entire Late Holocene.\" (p. 15)"}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1148218410", "title": "The Fate of Rome: Climate, Disease, and the End of an Empire", "yearPublished": "2019", "creators": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/4523431065#Person/harper_kyle", "name": "Kyle Harper"}], "locator": "p. 15, table 1.1", "citation": "Harper, K. 2017. The Fate of Rome: Climate, Disease, and the End of an Empire. Princeton N. J.: Princeton University Press.\n"}}, "p0f66wq": {"id": "p0f66wq", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0f66wqth44": {"id": "p0f66wqth44", "type": "Period", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianization_of_Iceland", "label": "Pre-Christian Iceland", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Christian Iceland"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q189", "label": "Iceland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iceland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0870"}, "label": "870"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "note": "Iceland was Christianized in the year 1000 CE, when Christianity became the religion by law. In Icelandic, this event is known as the kristnitaka (literally, \"the taking of Christianity\"). (from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianization_of_Iceland). ", "editorialNote": "The start date of 870 is a widely accepted but rough approximation of the settlement of Iceland."}, "p0f66wqfrs4": {"id": "p0f66wqfrs4", "type": "Period", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settlement_of_Iceland", "label": "Settlement Period, Iceland", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Settlement Period, Iceland"]}, "broader": "p0f66wqth44", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q189", "label": "Iceland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iceland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0870"}, "label": "870"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0930"}, "label": "930"}, "note": "Traditionally, the Icelandic Age of Settlement is considered to have lasted from 874 to 930, at which point most of the island had been claimed and Alþingi (Althingi), the assembly of the Icelandic Commonwealth, was founded at Þingvellir (Thingvellir). (from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settlement_of_Iceland).", "editorialNote": "The start date of 870 is a widely accepted but rough approximation of the settlement of Iceland."}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1141735276", "title": "The settlement of Iceland : a story from the ninth and tenth centuries", "yearPublished": "2019", "creators": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/2897203257#Person/gunnar_karlsson_1939", "name": "Gunnar Karlsson"}]}}, "p09qtgw": {"type": "Authority", "id": "p09qtgw", "sameAs": "http://resource.geosciml.org/vocabulary/timescale/gts2020", "editorialNote": "RDF representation of the Geologic Time Scale, as defined in the International Chronostratigraphic Chart (ICC) from the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). The ICC embraces both chronostratigraphic (time-rock) units and their equivalent geochronologic (geologic-time) units, the former being related to the ‘Stratigraphic points’ referred to below, and the latter (geochronologic units) being employed in this RDF representation. Imported from http://resource.geosciml.org/vocabulary/timescale/gts2020", "source": {"title": "Geologic Time Scale (2020)", "yearPublished": 2020, "creators": [{"name": "International Commission on Stratigraphy"}, {"name": "Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation"}, {"name": "Arizona Geological Survey"}, {"name": "International Union of Geological Sciences"}], "citation": "International Commission on Stratigraphy, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Arizona Geological Survey, and International Union of Geological Sciences. \"Geologic Time Scale (2020).\" 2020. http://resource.geosciml.org/vocabulary/timescale/gts2020"}, "periods": {"p09qtgw2x4f": {"type": "Period", "id": "p09qtgw2x4f", "sameAs": "http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Aalenian", "label": "Aalenian Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"cs": ["Aalen"], "fi": ["Aalen"], "no": ["Aalen"], "pl": ["Aalen"], "et": ["Aaleni"], "en": ["Aalenian"], "pt": ["Aaleniano"], "da": ["Aalenien"], "es": ["Aaleniense"], "nl": ["Aaleniën"], "fr": ["Aalénien"], "de": ["Aalénium"], "lt": ["Alenis"], "sv": ["aalen"], "hu": ["aaleni"], "it": ["aaleniano"], "sl": ["aalenij"], "sk": ["álen"], "bg": ["пален"], "ja": ["アーレニアン期"], "zh": ["阿连期"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "World"}], "start": {"label": "Base of Middle Jurassic", "in": {"earliestYear": -175098050, "latestYear": -173098050}}, "stop": {"label": "Base of Bajocian", "in": {"earliestYear": -171698050, "latestYear": -168898050}}, "broader": "p09qtgwhqph"}, "p09qtgw45nm": {"type": "Period", "id": "p09qtgw45nm", "sameAs": "http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Aeronian", "label": "Aeronian Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"cs": ["Aeron"], "fi": ["Aeron"], "pl": ["Aeron"], "et": ["Aeroni"], "en": ["Aeronian"], "pt": ["Aeroniano"], "da": 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"lt": ["Albis"], "de": ["Albium"], "nl": ["Albiën"], "sk": ["alb"], "hu": ["albai"], "sv": ["alban"], "it": ["albiano"], "sl": ["albij"], "bg": ["плб"], "ja": ["アルビアン期"], "zh": ["阿尔布期"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "World"}], "start": {"label": "Base of Albian", "in": {"year": -112998050}}, "stop": {"label": "Base of Late Cretaceous", "in": {"year": -100498050}}, "broader": "p09qtgwjphz"}, "p09qtgwxgf9": {"type": "Period", "id": "p09qtgwxgf9", "sameAs": "http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Anisian", "label": "Anisian Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"cs": ["Anis"], "fi": ["Anis"], "et": ["Anisi"], "en": ["Anisian"], "pt": ["Anisiano"], "da": ["Anisien"], "fr": ["Anisien"], "es": ["Anisiense"], "de": ["Anisium"], "nl": ["Anisiën"], "lt": ["Anizis"], "pl": ["Anizyk"], "no": ["Ansin"], "sk": ["anis"], "sv": ["anis"], "it": ["anisico"], "hu": ["anisusi"], "sl": 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Many researchers accept the first arrival of Gila Polychrome pottery in the Phoenix Basin for a start date of AD 1300. Others, including us, take the rapid adoption of massive-walled adobe surface structures surrounded by compound walls to fix the start date at AD 1275. However, the difference is immaterial for this discussion.\" pg. 331-332", "editorialNote": "Start date provided as a range to reflect the controversy described in the source note."}, "p03dr36k6pm": {"id": "p03dr36k6pm", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 320"}, "label": "Late Soho Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Soho Phase"]}, "broader": "p03dr365mwt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q816", "label": "Arizona"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South-Central Arizona", "start": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "AD 1200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1275"}, "label": "AD 1275"}}, "p03dr36nx53": {"id": "p03dr36nx53", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 320"}, "label": "Early Soho Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Soho Phase"]}, "broader": "p03dr365mwt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q816", "label": "Arizona"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South-Central Arizona", "start": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "AD 1100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "AD 1200"}}, "p03dr365mwt": {"id": "p03dr365mwt", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 320"}, "label": "Early Classic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Classic Period"]}, "broader": "p03dr36pr3d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q816", "label": "Arizona"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "South-Central Arizona", "start": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "AD 1100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1275"}, "label": "AD 1275"}}}, "source": {"id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2018.94", "title": "Calculating Hohokam Domestic Architecture Building Costs to Test an Environmental Model of Architectural Changes", "yearPublished": "2019-04", "creators": [{"name": "David R. Abbott"}, {"name": "Douglas B. Craig"}, {"name": "Hannah Zanotto"}, {"name": "Veronica Judd"}, {"name": "Brent Kober"}], "citation": "Abbott, D., Craig, D. B., Zanotto, H., Judd, V., & Kober, B. (2019). Calculating Hohokam Domestic Architecture Building Costs to Test an Environmental Model of Architectural Changes. 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For these purposes a tentative start date for the Red Mountain period can be based off of the end date of the Early Agricultural Period (EAP). "}}, "source": {"id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002731600048745", "title": "Extensive and Long-Term Specialization: Hohokam Ceramic Production in the Phoenix Basin, Arizona", "yearPublished": "2009-07", "creators": [{"id": "http://id.crossref.org/contributor/david-r-abbott-30qwc3ankzicz", "name": "David R. 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"page 71"}, "label": "擦文時代", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ja", "languageTag": "ja", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Satsumon period"], "ja": ["擦文時代"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35581", "label": "Hokkaidō"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "北海道", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0501", "latestYear": "0600"}, "label": "6th century"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1101", "latestYear": "1200"}, "label": "12th century"}}, "p0g8mw8qbpz": {"id": "p0g8mw8qbpz", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 71"}, "label": "オホーツク文化期", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ja", "languageTag": "ja", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Okhotsk Culture", "Okhotsk period"], "ja": ["オホーツク文化期"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q35581", "label": "Hokkaidō"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "北海道", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0401", "latestYear": "0500"}, "label": "5th century"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1101", 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"languageTag": "ja", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Kaizuka period", "Early Shellmound period"], "ja": ["貝塚時代前期"]}, "broader": "p0g8mw86szd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q697589", "label": "Okinawa Islands"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "沖縄", "start": {"in": {"year": "-10999"}, "label": "B.C.11000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "B.C.1000"}, "editorialNote": "Added alternative translation."}, "p0g8mw89mgm": {"id": "p0g8mw89mgm", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 71"}, "label": "貝塚時代中期", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ja", "languageTag": "ja", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Kaizuka period", "Middle Shellmound period"], "ja": ["貝塚時代中期"]}, "broader": "p0g8mw86szd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q697589", "label": "Okinawa Islands"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "沖縄", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "B.C.1000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "B.C.100"}, "editorialNote": "stopの期間はおおよそ Added alternative translation."}, "p0g8mw8r4v5": {"id": "p0g8mw8r4v5", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 71"}, "label": "貝塚時代後期", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ja", "languageTag": "ja", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Kaizuka period", "Late Shellmound period"], "ja": ["貝塚時代後期"]}, "broader": "p0g8mw86szd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q697589", "label": "Okinawa Islands"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "沖縄", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "B.C.100"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0901", "latestYear": "1000"}, "label": "10th century"}, "editorialNote": "startの期間はおおよそ Added alternative translation"}, "p0g8mw84h8x": {"id": "p0g8mw84h8x", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 71"}, "label": "グスク時代", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ja", "languageTag": "ja", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gusuku period"], "ja": ["グスク時代"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q697589", "label": "Okinawa Islands"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "沖縄", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0901", "latestYear": "1000"}, "label": "10th century"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1401", "latestYear": "1500"}, "label": "15th century"}}, "p0g8mw8hmgx": {"id": "p0g8mw8hmgx", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 71"}, "label": "琉球王国", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ja", "languageTag": "ja", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ryukyu Dynasty", "Ryūkyū Kingdom"], "ja": ["琉球王国"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q697589", "label": "Okinawa Islands"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "沖縄", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1401", "latestYear": "1500"}, "label": "15th century"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1834", "latestYear": "1868"}, "label": "Mid 19th century"}, "editorialNote": "Added alternative translation."}}, "source": {"citation": "Agency for Cultural Affairs, Government of Japan. 2020. Exhibition of Excavations in the Japanese Archipelago 2020", "title": "Exhibition of Excavations in the Japanese Archipelago 2020", "yearPublished": "2020", "creators": [{"name": "Agency for Cultural Affairs, Government of Japan"}], "locator": "71"}}, "p0s84tq": {"id": "p0s84tq", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0s84tqkhhs": {"id": "p0s84tqkhhs", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": ""}, "label": "Early period (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Frühzeit (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Early period (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0ndpcqbmxk"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0014"}, "label": "15 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "117 AD"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the source. \"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum. While Gassner et al. (page 369) originally include the whole reign of emperor Augustus (BC 31/27–AD 14) for this phase, for Noricum the occupation of the Alps (15 BC) was chosen as the starting date."}, "p0s84tqhf4k": {"id": "p0s84tqhf4k", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": ""}, "label": "Imperial period (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Kaiserzeit (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Imperial period (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0ndpcqvh8h"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "AD 117"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "AD 284"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. \"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0s84tq3x38": {"id": "p0s84tq3x38", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": ""}, "label": "Year of the Four Emperors (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Vierkaiserjahr (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Year of the Four Emperors (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjbtr2v"], "broader": "p0s84tqkhhs", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0068"}, "label": "AD 68"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "AD 69"}, "editorialNote": "During the so-called Year of the Four Emperors (AD 68/69) Galba (AD 68–69), Otho (AD 69), Vitellius (AD 69) and Vespasian (AD 69–79) laid claim to power in the Roman Empire; cf. \"Gassner, Verena; Pülz, Andreas (ed.) (2015): Der römische Limes in Österreich. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. <https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1vw0q15>\" pages 300–301.\nAdapted from the original source. Data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/.>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of."}, "p0s84tq37hm": {"id": "p0s84tq37hm", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": ""}, "label": "Severan dynasty (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Severische Dynastie (römisches Noricum)", "severisch (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Severan (Roman Noricum)", "Severan dynasty (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0ndpcqhj2r"], "broader": "p0s84tqhf4k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "AD 193"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "AD 235"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. \"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0s84tqd3cd": {"id": "p0s84tqd3cd", "type": "Period", "label": "Julio-Claudian dynasty (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Julische-claudische Dynastie (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Julio-Claudian dynasty (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjbw83z"], "broader": "p0s84tqkhhs", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0026"}, "label": "27 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0068"}, "label": "AD 68"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. Data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/.>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of. While originally the whole reign of emperor Augustus (BC 31/27–AD 14) is include for this phase, for Noricum the occupation of the Alps (15 BC, cf. Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter, page 369) was chosen as the starting date."}, "p0s84tqgp9n": {"id": "p0s84tqgp9n", "type": "Period", "label": "Flavian dynasty (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Flavische Dynastie (römisches Noricum)", "flavisch (römisches Noricum)", "Flavian (Roman Noricum) "], "en": ["Flavian dynasty (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjbmszh"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "AD 69"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "AD 96"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. Data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/.>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of."}, "p0s84tqvjs7": {"id": "p0s84tqvjs7", "type": "Period", "label": "Late antiquity (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Spätantike (Römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Late antiquity (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0ndpcqn83v"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "AD 284"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0488"}, "label": "AD 488"}, "editorialNote": "While Gassner et al. (pages 371–372) define Late Antiquity in their book form AD 284 until AD 610, at this place AD 488, when Odoaker ordered parts of the remaining Roman people moving from Noricum to Italy (page 372), is used as a stop of the period. AD 488 is the commonly used date for marking the definite end of *Roman* Noricum and the beginning of the Early Medieval Period in that area (although the Western Roman Empire ceased to be in AD 476); nevertheless, various settlements continued in the Early Medieval Period, as well as seemingly not all Romans moved to Italy and stayed instead in Noricum. "}, "p0s84tqq9bn": {"id": "p0s84tqq9bn", "type": "Period", "label": "Adpotive Emperors/Antonine dynasty (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Adoptivkaiser/Antoninische Dynastie (Römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Adpotive Emperors/Antonine dynasty (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb2htp"], "broader": "p0s84tqhf4k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "AD 96"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0192"}, "label": "AD 192"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. Data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/.>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of."}, "p0s84tqtv24": {"id": "p0s84tqtv24", "type": "Period", "label": "Barracks Emperors (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Soldatenkaiserzeit (römisches Noricum)", "soldatenkaiserzeitlich (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Barracks Emperors (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0ndpcqr499"], "broader": "p0s84tqhf4k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "AD 235"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "AD 284"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. \"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0s84tqkzfk": {"id": "p0s84tqkzfk", "type": "Period", "label": "Tetrarchy (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Tetrarchie (römisches Noricum)", "terarchisch (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Tetrarchy (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjbjdrf"], "broader": "p0s84tqvjs7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "AD 284"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0313"}, "label": "AD 313"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. \"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0s84tqd2z6": {"id": "p0s84tqd2z6", "type": "Period", "label": "Second Year of the Four Emperors (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Zweites Vierkaiserjahr (Roman Noricum)"], "en": ["Second Year of the Four Emperors (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb7d3s"], "broader": "p0s84tqhf4k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "AD 193"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "AD 193"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. Data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/.>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of."}, "p0s84tqb97b": {"id": "p0s84tqb97b", "type": "Period", "label": "Constantinian dynasty (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Konstantinische Dynastie (römisches Noricum)", "konstantinisch"], "en": ["Constantinian dynasty (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjbxt8t"], "broader": "p0s84tqvjs7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0307"}, "label": "AD 307"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0364"}, "label": "AD 364"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. Data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/.>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of."}, "p0s84tqzcgw": {"id": "p0s84tqzcgw", "type": "Period", "label": "Valentinian dynasty (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Valentinianische Dynastie (römisches Noricum)", "valentinianisch (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Valentinian dynasty (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjbczdh"], "broader": "p0s84tqvjs7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0364"}, "label": "AD 364"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0392"}, "label": "AD 392"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. Data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/.>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of."}, "p0s84tqf84t": {"id": "p0s84tqf84t", "type": "Period", "label": "Theodosian period (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theodosianische Zeit (römisches Noricum)", "Theodosian period (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjbf55w"], "broader": "p0s84tqvjs7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0392"}, "label": "AD 392"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0456"}, "label": "AD 456"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. Data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/.>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of."}, "p0s84tq64hh": {"id": "p0s84tq64hh", "type": "Period", "label": "Thracian period (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Thrakische Zeit (römisches Noricum)", "thrakisch (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Thracian (Roman Noricum)", "Thracian period (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjbr94n"], "broader": "p0s84tqvjs7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0457"}, "label": "AD 457"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "AD 476"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. Data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/.>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of."}, "p0s84tq4bt9": {"id": "p0s84tq4bt9", "type": "Period", "label": "Odoacer (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Odoaker (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Odoacer (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0ndpcqr3f7"], "broader": "p0s84tqvjs7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "AD 476"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0493"}, "label": "AD 493"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. \"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0s84tq9w22": {"id": "p0s84tq9w22", "type": "Period", "url": "http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0s84tq", "label": "Roman antiquity (Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Römische Antike (römisches Noricum)"], "en": ["Roman antiquity (Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0s84tqkhhs", "p0s84tqhf4k", "p0s84tqvjs7", "p0ndpcqmz45", "p0cwwznw938", "p0ndpcqn83v"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0049"}, "label": "50 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500 AD"}, "editorialNote": "The period subsumes from the overarching periods defined for Roman Noricum (\"Early Period,\" \"Imperial Period,\" and \"Late Antiquity\"; derived from Hagmann 2021, <http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0s84tq>). Furthermore, this overarching period takes into account the early pre-occupation activities in the area of the urban settlement at the Magdalensberg (\"Stadt auf dem Magdalensberg\", Carinthia/AUT), the beginning of which is put around 50 BC (cf., Gassner et al. 2002–2003, 70. 369). Finally, in addition to the absolute early period, the highly late period between 488 and 500 AD is also considered, in the context of which, according to \"classical\" doctrine and in view of the written tradition (vita Sancti Severini), 488 AD a settlement of the remaining Roman population (so-called \"Romanen\" in German-speaking research) should have already taken place and which represents a historically highly ambiguous period during the transition to the early Middle Ages (cf., Eichert - Richards 2022, <http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0cwwzn>)."}, "p0s84tq35sg": {"id": "p0s84tq35sg", "type": "Period", "url": "http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0ndpcqbmxk", "label": "Early period (northern Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Frühzeit (römisches Nordnoricum)", "Early period (northern Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0s84tqkhhs"], "broader": "p0s84tq2ndm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "50 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "117 AD"}, "editorialNote": "While the early Roman period for southern Noricum started earlier (cf. Hagmann 2021, <http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0ndpcqbmxk>), due to the historical development, a significant establishment of a Roman settlement in the Danubian area (which corresponds to northern Noricum) can only be expected around or after AD 50 (cf., Hagmann, Dominik, 2022. A \"Roman Rural Landscape\" in Northeastern Noricum: Results of Landscape Archaeological Investigations on Rural Settlement of the Roman Imperial Period in Lower Austria. In Franz Pieler/Wolfgang Breibert (eds.), Contributions to the Lower Austrian Regional Archaeology Day 2022, pp. 61-70. Scientific Publications from the Regional Collections of Lower Austria Asparn/Zaya, <https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6751583>)."}, "p0s84tq2ndm": {"id": "p0s84tq2ndm", "type": "Period", "url": "http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0s84tq", "label": "Roman antiquity (northern Roman Noricum)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["römische Antike (römisches Nordnoricum)", "Roman antiquity (northern Roman Noricum)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0s84tq9w22", "p0ndpcqn83v", "p0cwwznw938"], "broader": "p0s84tq9w22", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Noricum", "start": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "50 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500 AD"}, "editorialNote": "The period describes the whole timespan of Roman interactions, specifically for northern Roman Noricum, which corresponds to the Danube region. The period contains the overarching periods defined for northern Roman Noricum (\"Early Period (northern Roman Noricum),\" \"Imperial Period,\" and \"Late Antiquity\"; derived from Hagmann 2021, <http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0s84tq>). While the early Roman period for southern Noricum started earlier (cf. Hagmann 2021, <http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0ndpcqbmxk>), due to the historical development, a significant establishment of a Roman settlement in the Danubian area (which corresponds to northern Noricum) can only be expected around or after AD 50 (cf., Hagmann, Dominik, 2022. A \"Roman Rural Landscape\" in Northeastern Noricum: Results of Landscape Archaeological Investigations on Rural Settlement of the Roman Imperial Period in Lower Austria. In Franz Pieler/Wolfgang Breibert (eds.), Contributions to the Lower Austrian Regional Archaeology Day 2022, pp. 61-70. Scientific Publications from the Regional Collections of Lower Austria Asparn/Zaya, <https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6751583>). Furthermore, in addition to the absolute early period, the highly late period between 488 and 500 AD is also considered, in the context of which, according to \"classical\" doctrine and in view of the written tradition (vita Sancti Severini), 488 AD a settlement of the remaining Roman population (so-called \"Romanen\" in German-speaking research) should have already taken place and which represents a historically highly ambiguous period during the transition to the early Middle Ages (cf., Eichert - Richards 2022, <http://n2t.net/ark:/99152/p0cwwzn>)."}}, "source": {"citation": "Hagmann, Dominik (2021): A Controlled Vocabulary for a Simple and Basic Chronology for the Roman Province of Noricum", "title": "A Controlled Vocabulary for a Simple and Basic Chronology for the Roman Province of Noricum", "url": "https://rrl.univie.ac.at/en/research/rrln/", "yearPublished": "2021", "creators": [{"name": "Hagmann, Dominik"}]}, "editorialNote": "This lightweight controlled vocabulary suits the basic chronology of Noricum in Roman antiquity. While large parts of the periods related to Norican history correspond to the established period classification of the Roman Empire and Late Antiquity, especially in the earlier and later periods, the dating deviates. Furthermore, specific time ranges have partly their own established (and specifically used) terminology, so a separate presentation seems useful. \nThe dataset was created in the course of the PhD project \"Roman Rural Landscapes in Noricum. Archaeological Studies on Roman Settlements in the Hinterland of Northern Noricum,\" which deals with archaeological settlement activities in a precisely defined study area in the northern (today Lower Austrian) hinterland of the former Roman province of Noricum. \nSustainable documentation of the chronology for the former ancient Roman province of Noricum is consequently needed but, in terms of controlled vocabulary, a desiderate. While large parts of such a chronology correspond to the established period classification of the Roman imperial period and late antiquity, especially in the earlier and later phases, the dating deviates regarding Noricum's specific local and regional history. Furthermore, specific time ranges have their own established (and specifically used) terminology, so a separate dataset seems useful. Therefore, this authority is based on significant scholarly publications that provide sustainable information about Noricum's periods, using relevant literature. The most important contributions is \"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" and still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on Austria's present-day territory. This fact is especially actual for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum. Apart from \"Alföldy, Géza (1974): Noricum. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. <https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315779928>\", no other overview is currently (as of 2021) available. Further, data provided by \"Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg. Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2017. <http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/>\" give a comprehensive overview of chronological information for the Roman Empire, where the province of Noricum is part of. Supplementary data was received from \"Gassner, Verena; Pülz, Andreas (ed.) (2015): Der römische Limes in Österreich. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. <https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1vw0q15>\"."}, "p0ndpcq": {"id": "p0ndpcq", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0ndpcq5bth": {"id": "p0ndpcq5bth", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "369"}, "label": "Okkupationsphase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Occupation phase", "Okkupationsphase"]}, "broader": "p0ndpcqbmxk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "31 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0041"}, "label": "AD 41"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions  which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum.", "narrower": []}, "p0ndpcqbmxk": {"id": "p0ndpcqbmxk", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "5-6"}, "label": "Die Frühzeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early period"], "de": ["Die Frühzeit"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "31 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "AD 117"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0ndpcqt6mw": {"id": "p0ndpcqt6mw", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "369"}, "label": "Die neuen Provinzen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The early provinces"], "de": ["Die neuen Provinzen"]}, "broader": "p0ndpcqbmxk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "0041"}, "label": "AD 41"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0068"}, "label": "AD 68"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0ndpcqmz45": {"id": "p0ndpcqmz45", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "70. 369"}, "label": "römisches Emporium auf dem Magdalensberg", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman emporium on Magdalensberg mountain"], "de": ["römisches Emporium auf dem Magdalensberg"]}, "broader": "p0ndpcqvjj5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0049"}, "label": "c. 50 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0040", "latestYear": "0050"}, "label": "noch vor der Mitte des 1. Jahrhunderts n. Chr."}, "note": "Settlement activities on the Magdalensberg mountain ended shortly before the mid of the 1st century AD: \"Der Zeitpunkt der Auflassung wird anhand der Funde noch vor der Mitte des 1. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. angesetzt, danach bricht der Zustrom an Importen jäh ab.\" – p. 70.", "editorialNote": "The settlement on the Magdalensberg belongs to several pre-Roman and Roman phases of Roman Noricum's early history because this settlement has been an emporium/outpost before Roman occupation in pre-Roman times (around 50 BC) and the only one of its kind. Between 15 BC and AD 41 the settlement on the Magdalensberg has been the center of Roman administration of Noricum. Finally, the settlement activities stopped shortly before AD 50 in parallel to establishing the province and the foundation of several cities, which happened around AD 41. This site is essential for the archeological finds, contexts, and chronology and, therefore, the history of the province's early phase; for a discussion cf. e.g., Gleirscher, Paul (2009). Zur antiken Bebauung auf dem Gipfel des Magdalensbergs: Zwischen Oppidum, Königsburg und Heiligtum. Bonner Jahrbücher 207, 103–120. <https://doi.org/10.11588/bjb.2007.0.33144>\n\nSource of the period: \"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0ndpcqvjj5": {"id": "p0ndpcqvjj5", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "369"}, "label": "Zeit der späten Republik", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late republican times"], "de": ["Zeit der späten Republik"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0224"}, "label": "225 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0039"}, "label": "c. 40 BC"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0ndpcqxmp9": {"id": "p0ndpcqxmp9", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "370"}, "label": "Die flavisch-traianische Zeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Flavic-Traianic period"], "de": ["Die flavisch-traianische Zeit"]}, "broader": "p0ndpcqbmxk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "AD 69"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "AD 117"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0ndpcqvh8h": {"id": "p0ndpcqvh8h", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "7–8. 370–371"}, "label": "Die mittlere Kaiserzeit", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["middle imperial period"], "de": ["Die mittlere Kaiserzeit"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "AD 117"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "AD 284"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0ndpcqc8rq": {"id": "p0ndpcqc8rq", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "370"}, "label": "Von Hadrian bis Commodus", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["From Hadrian to Commodus"], "de": ["Von Hadrian bis Commodus"]}, "broader": "p0ndpcqvh8h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "AD 117"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0192"}, "label": "AD 192"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum.", "narrower": []}, "p0ndpcqhj2r": {"id": "p0ndpcqhj2r", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "370"}, "label": "Die Zeit der Severer", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Severan period"], "de": ["Die Zeit der Severer"]}, "broader": "p0ndpcqvh8h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "0193"}, "label": "AD 193"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "AD 235"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0ndpcqr499": {"id": "p0ndpcqr499", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "370–371"}, "label": "Zeit der Soldatenkaiser", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["barracks emperors"], "de": ["Zeit der Soldatenkaiser"]}, "broader": "p0ndpcqvh8h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "AD 235"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "AD 284"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0ndpcqn83v": {"id": "p0ndpcqn83v", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "371"}, "label": "Die Spätantike", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Antiquity"], "de": ["Die Spätantike"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "0284"}, "label": "AD 284"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0610"}, "label": "AD 610"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}, "p0ndpcqr3f7": {"id": "p0ndpcqr3f7", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "372"}, "label": "Odoaker", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Odoacer"], "de": ["Odoaker"]}, "broader": "p0ndpcqn83v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Donauprovinzen", "start": {"in": {"year": "0475"}, "label": "AD 475"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "AD 476"}, "editorialNote": "Adapted from the original source. \"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum."}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246", "title": "Am Rande des Reiches: Die Römer in Österreich", "yearPublished": "2002–2003", "creators": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/64027298", "name": "Verena Gassner"}, {"name": "Sonja Jilek"}, {"name": "Sabine Ladstätter"}], "citation": "Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter"}, "editorialNote": "\"Gassner, Verena; Jilek, Sonja; Ladstätter, Sabine (2002–2003): Am Rande des Reiches. Die Römer in Österreich. Österreichische Geschichte 15 v. Chr.–378 n. Chr. Vienna: Ueberreuter. <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780936246>\" is one of the most important contributions which still represents the most comprehensive account of the Roman period's archaeology for the former Roman provinces on the territory of present-day Austria. This is especially true for the holistic presentation of all aspects of archaeology concerning the province of Noricum. Moreover, this volume presents a comprehensive overview of the various periods of Roman-time Noricum. \nThis authority contains yet the most important entries for the Roman province of Noricum (mostly today's Austria and parts of Slovenia, Italy, and Germany). "}, "p0x2j4s": {"id": "p0x2j4s", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0x2j4s5xb7": {"id": "p0x2j4s5xb7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://web3.rosario-conicet.gov.ar/ojs/index.php/revistaISHIR/article/view/541", "source": {"locator": "54"}, "label": "Período Colonial Temprano", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Colonial Period"], "es": ["Período Colonial Temprano"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Córdoba (provincia, Argentina)", "start": {"in": {"year": "1573"}, "label": "1573"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1620"}, "label": "1620"}}}, "source": {"citation": "Borrastero, Lucas (2015). Las sociedades indígenas y su incorporación al proceso de producción de textiles en el período colonial temprano (Córdoba, 1573-1620). Estudios del ISHiR, 5(12), 54-81. https://web3.rosario-conicet.gov.ar/ojs/index.php/revistaISHIR/article/view/541", "title": "Las sociedades indígenas y su incorporación al proceso de producción de textiles en el período colonial temprano (Córdoba, 1573-1620)", "url": "https://web3.rosario-conicet.gov.ar/ojs/index.php/revistaISHIR/article/view/541", "yearPublished": "2015", "creators": [{"name": "Borrastero, Lucas"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Izeta, A. D."}], "locator": "54"}}, "p0cwscs": {"id": "p0cwscs", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0cwscscdv4": {"id": "p0cwscscdv4", "type": "Period", "label": "Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"pt": ["Paleolítico"], "en": ["Paleolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2499999"}, "label": "2500000 B.C."}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9999"}, "label": "10000 B.C."}}, "p0cwscskmff": {"id": "p0cwscskmff", "type": "Period", "label": "Lower Paleolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"pt": ["Paleolítico Inferior"], "en": ["Lower Paleolithic"]}, "broader": "p0cwscscdv4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Portugal", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2499999"}, "label": 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"type": "Period", "label": "MIS 102", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["MIS 102"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2573050"}, "label": "ca. 2575000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2552050"}, "label": "2554000 BP"}}, "p0h9ttqr9c6": {"id": "p0h9ttqr9c6", "type": "Period", "label": "MIS 103", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["MIS 103"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2593050"}, "label": "ca. 2595000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2573050"}, "label": "2575000 BP"}}, "p0h9ttqmhmw": {"id": "p0h9ttqmhmw", "type": "Period", "label": "MIS 104", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["MIS 104"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "World", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2612050"}, "label": "ca. 2614000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2593050"}, "label": "2595000 BP"}}, "p0h9ttqncqz": {"id": "p0h9ttqncqz", "type": "Period", "label": "early Middle Pleistocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pleistoceno Medio Antiguo", "early Middle Pleistocene"]}, "broader": "p0h9ttqk5r9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-779050"}, "label": "ca. 781000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-779050"}, "label": "781000 BP"}}, "p0h9ttqqwws": {"id": "p0h9ttqqwws", "type": "Period", "label": "late Middle Pleistocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"es": ["Pleistoceno Medio Reciente"], "en": ["late Middle Pleistocene"]}, "broader": "p0h9ttqk5r9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-124050"}, "label": "ca. 126000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-124050"}, "label": "126000 BP"}}, "p0h9ttqw83f": {"id": "p0h9ttqw83f", "type": "Period", "label": "Early–Middle Pleistocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early–Middle Pleistocene transition", "Early–Middle Pleistocene"]}, "broader": "p0h9ttqp2h4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399999"}, "label": "ca. 1400000 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-399999"}, "label": "400000 BC"}}, "p0h9ttq8jn8": {"id": "p0h9ttq8jn8", "type": "Period", "label": "Mousterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"es": ["Musteriense"], "en": ["Mousterian"]}, "broader": "p0h9ttqd99c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46", "label": "Europe"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48", "label": "Asia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Eurasia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-158050"}, "label": "ca. 160000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-38050"}, "label": "40000 BP"}}}, "source": {"citation": "Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, CENIEH", "title": "Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, CENIEH", "url": "https://www.cenieh.es/", "yearPublished": "2021", "creators": [{"name": "Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, CENIEH"}]}, "editorialNote": "The National Research Centre on Human Evolution (CENIEH - Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana) is an RI with open access for the international scientific community, as well as for other public and private sectors such as industries. The research activities in Human Evolution principally cover Palaeoarchaeology (excavations worldwide), Palaeoanthropology (hominins), Prehistoric Technology (stone tools), Geochronology (dating) and Curation and Conservation (collections). The centre actively promotes awareness and knowledge transfer to society. Its equipment and technology offer are specialized in earth sciences and geochronology. Other laboratories provide versatile applications in the fields of geology, archeology, geomaterials, heritage conservation, new materials, and dosimetry. Other services are curation, restoration and management of fossil and lithic collections from excavations in archaeological and paleontological sites. CENIEH is responsible for the conservation, restoration, management and record of archaeological and paleontological collections from Atapuerca and other sites."}, "p02chr4": {"id": "p02chr4", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p02chr45bn8": {"id": "p02chr45bn8", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt2mYePteUrw", "label": "Trias", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Triassic"], "fr": ["Triassique", "Trias"], "de": ["Trias"], "nl": ["Trias"], "it": ["Triassico"], "ar": ["ترياس"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-252200000"}, "label": "-252200000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-201300000"}, "label": "-201300000"}, "note": "Le Trias est un système géologique, subdivision de l'ère Mésozoïque comprise entre −252,2 ± 0,5 et −201,3 ± 0,2 millions d'années. Le Trias est précédé par le Permien et suivi par le Jurassique. Défini et nommé par le géologue allemand Friedrich August von Alberti en 1834, le Trias doit son nom aux trois unités (litho-)stratigraphiques dont il se compose en Europe centrale : Buntsandstein (grès bigarré), Muschelkalk (calcaire coquillier) et Keuper. La régularité de ces dépôts en Europe centrale a permis aux sédimentologues de mettre en évidence les principes de la stratigraphie. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4f76d": {"id": "p02chr4f76d", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtvjRVKSWo8I", "label": "Secondaire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Secondary"], "fr": ["Mésozoïque", "Ère des reptiles", "ère secondaire", "Ère secondaire", "Secondaire"], "ar": ["الحقب الجيولوجي الثاني"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-252170000"}, "label": "-252170000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-66000001"}, "label": "-66000001"}, "note": "Ère géologique ayant duré de 245 à 64 Ma et groupant le Trias, le Jurassique et le Crétacé. Ce terme n'est plus usité dans les pays anglo-saxon. (A. Foucault et J.-F. Raoult, Dictionnaire de géologie, 6e édition 2005)"}, "p02chr4fb93": {"id": "p02chr4fb93", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtVezl7IRpf1", "label": "Jurassique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Jurassic"], "it": ["Giurassico"], "nl": ["Jura"], "de": ["Jura (Geologie)"], "es": ["Jurásico"], "ar": ["العصر الجوراسي"], "fr": ["Jurassique"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-201300000"}, "label": "-201300000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-145000001"}, "label": "-145000001"}, "note": "Le Jurassique est une période géologique qui s’étend de - 201,3 à - 145 millions d'années. Il constitue la période ou le système intermédiaire de l'ère Mésozoïque laquelle est aussi connue sous le nom d'« ère des reptiles ». Le début du Jurassique est marqué par une extinction massive d’espèces (l’extinction du Trias-Jurassique). Le système jurassique se subdivise en trois séries géologiques : Jurassique inférieur, Jurassique moyen et Jurassique supérieur autrefois dénommées, respectivement : Lias, Dogger et Malm. Le Jurassique a été nommé ainsi en 1829 par le géologue et naturaliste français Alexandre Brongniart d’après les calcaires trouvés dans le Jura. Cette période de l’ère Mésozoïque suit le Trias et précède le Crétacé. (D'après Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4v362": {"id": "p02chr4v362", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtogy2tiIftS", "label": "Crétacé", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cretaceous"], "it": ["Cretacico"], "es": ["Cretácico"], "de": ["Kreide"], "nl": ["Krijt"], "ar": ["العصر الطباشيري"], "fr": ["Crétacé"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-145000000"}, "label": "-145000000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-66000000"}, "label": "-66000000"}, "note": "Le Crétacé est une période géologique qui s’étend de ≃ 145,0 à 66,0 Ma. Elle se termine avec la disparition des dinosaures non aviens, des ammonites et de nombreuses autres formes de vie. Cette période est la troisième et dernière de l’ère Mésozoïque ; elle suit le Jurassique et précède le Paléogène. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr48mcm": {"id": "p02chr48mcm", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtwa7QyEY2EZ", "label": "Tertiaire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tertiary"], "es": ["Terciario"], "nl": ["Tertiair"], "de": ["Tertiär"], "it": ["Terziario"], "ar": ["الحقب الجيولوجي الثالث"], "fr": ["Tertiaire"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-66000000"}, "label": "-66000000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2580000"}, "label": "-2580000"}, "note": "Le Tertiaire est l'ancien nom d'une ère géologique s'étendant de - 66 Ma à - 2,58 Ma. La « Commission internationale de stratigraphie » a regroupé au sein de l'ère Cénozoïque ce qui auparavant correspondait aux anciennes ères tertiaire et quaternaire. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4dp3n": {"id": "p02chr4dp3n", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtUTJEO4RLGo", "label": "Oligocène", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Oligocene"], "nl": ["Oligoceen"], "it": ["Oligocene"], "es": ["Oligoceno"], "de": ["Oligozän"], "ar": ["أوليغوسن"], "fr": ["Oligocène"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-33900000"}, "label": "-33900000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-23030000"}, "label": "-23030000"}, "note": "L’Oligocène est une époque géologique qui s’étend de 33,9 ± 0,1 à 23,03 ± 0,05 Ma. Elle suit l’Éocène, et notamment la Grande Coupure, et précède le Miocène. C’est la troisième époque de l’ère Cénozoïque et aussi la troisième du Paléogène. Son nom se réfère à la rareté d’apparition de nouveaux mammifères modernes en comparaison de leur rapide apparition durant l’Éocène.(Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4s95t": {"id": "p02chr4s95t", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtXS0TW2NFtS", "label": "Pliocène", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pliocene"], "nl": ["Plioceen"], "it": ["Pliocene"], "es": ["Plioceno"], "de": ["Pliozän"], "ar": ["بليوسن"], "fr": ["Pliocène"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5331000"}, "label": "-5331000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2580001"}, "label": "-2580001"}, "note": "Sur l'échelle des temps géologiques, le Pliocène est la plus récente époque géologique du Néogène. S'étendant de 5,332 ± 0,005 à 2,588 ± 0,005 millions d’années (depuis que le Gélasien est classé dans le Pléistocène), il est suivi du Pléistocène et précédé par le Miocène. Cette période a été dénommée par Charles Lyell à partir du grec πλεῖον (pleion, « plus ») et καινός (kainos, « nouveau »), « plus récent », en référence aux mammifères déjà essentiellement modernes. Les bornes du Pliocène ne sont pas identifiées à un événement global, mais plutôt au refroidissement continu depuis l’Oligocène. La borne supérieure avait été située pour marquer le début des glaciations du Pléistocène mais est maintenant considérée comme trop récente, les dates des premières glaciations ayant été reculées depuis. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4z7c7": {"id": "p02chr4z7c7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtMcu4ux1v4T", "label": "Quaternaire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Quaternary"], "es": ["Cuaternaria"], "nl": ["Kwartair"], "de": ["Quartär"], "it": ["Quaternario"], "ar": ["الرُّباعي"], "fr": ["Quaternaire"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2580000"}, "label": "-2580000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000"}, "note": "Le Quaternaire est la troisième période géologique de l'ère du Cénozoïque et la plus récente sur l'échelle des temps géologiques. Cette période se caractérise par le retour des glaciations, l'extension du genre Homo et l'extinction des faunes de l'Holocène. (Wikipédia)\n"}, "p02chr4cjmt": {"id": "p02chr4cjmt", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrte1hYeBqffx", "label": "Pléistocène", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pleistocene"], "nl": ["Pleistoceen"], "it": ["Pleistocene"], "es": ["Pleistoceno"], "de": ["Pleistozän"], "ar": ["بليستوسن"], "fr": ["Pléistocène"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2580000"}, "label": "-2580000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9701"}, "label": "-9701"}, "note": "Le Pléistocène (du grec ancien pleistos, nombreux, et kainos, récent) est la plus ancienne époque géologique du Quaternaire et l'avant-dernière sur l'échelle des temps géologiques (tant que la proposition de création de l'Anthropocène n'est pas retenue). Elle s'étend de 2,58 millions d'années à 11 700 ans avant le présent. Le Pléistocène est marqué par les récentes glaciations et sa fin correspond à celle du Paléolithique. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4z5zq": {"id": "p02chr4z5zq", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtISVpH2nT99", "label": "Pléistocène ancien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Pleistocene"], "fr": ["Pléistocène inférieur", "Pléistocène ancien"], "de": ["Altpleistozän"], "nl": ["Onder-Pleistoceen"], "it": ["Pleistocene inferiore"], "es": ["Pleistoceno antiguo"], "ar": ["بليستوسن قديم"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2580000"}, "label": "-2580000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-779001"}, "label": "-779001"}, "note": "Le « Pléistocène inférieur » est un terme non reconnu dans la nomenclature stratigraphique internationale de la Commission internationale de stratigraphie. Dans cette nomenclature, la série du Pléistocène est subdivisée en quatre étages ou âges géologiques, de bas en haut : le Gélasien, le Calabrien, le Pléistocène moyen et le Pléistocène supérieur. Le terme « Pléistocène inférieur » est cependant couramment utilisé pour regrouper les deux étages de la partie inférieure du Pléistocène, le Gélasien et le Calabrien. Cet intervalle de temps a débuté il y a environ 2,58 millions d'années (Ma) et s'est terminé il y a 0,781 Ma (à ± 5 000 ans). (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4qpv6": {"id": "p02chr4qpv6", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtFS9v4PxyYL", "label": "Paléolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Palaeolithic"], "fr": ["époque paléolithique", "Paléolithique"], "de": ["Paläolithikum"], "nl": ["Paleolithicum"], "it": ["Paleolitico"], "es": ["Paleolítico"], "ar": ["باليوليت"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-800000"}, "label": "-800000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12501"}, "label": "-12501"}, "note": "Définition : Le terme Paléolithique a été créé dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle pour désigner l’âge de la Pierre ancienne. Ce terme désigne une période longue de 2.7 m. a. attestant une coindividuation (coévolution) de l’homme et de l’outil (Boëda 2013, 42)."}, "p02chr4c8vt": {"id": "p02chr4c8vt", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtR0559ddRES", "label": "Paléolithique inférieur/moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower/Middle Palaeolithic"], "de": ["Alt/Mittelpaläolithikum"], "nl": ["Oud/Midden-Paleolithicum"], "it": ["Paleolitico inferiore/medio"], "es": ["Paleolítico inferior/medio"], "ar": ["باليوليت قديم\\\\وسيط"], "fr": ["Paléolithique inférieur/moyen"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-800000"}, "label": "-800000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-40001"}, "label": "-40001"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4fz3x": {"id": "p02chr4fz3x", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtVgXMuQrnxx", "label": "Paléolithique inférieur", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Paléolithique ancien", "Paléolithique inférieur"], "en": ["Lower Palaeolithic", "Early Stone Age"], "de": ["Altpaläolithikum"], "nl": ["Oud-Paleolithicum"], "es": ["Paleolítico inferior"], "it": ["Paleolitico inferiore"], "ar": ["باليوليت قديم"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-800000"}, "label": "-800000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-300001"}, "label": "-300001"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4hx2t": {"id": "p02chr4hx2t", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtPwMGYma3Va", "label": "Pléistocène moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Pleistocene"], "fr": ["Pléistocène Ionien", "Pléistocène moyen"], "nl": ["Midden-Pleistoceen"], "de": ["Mittelpleistozän"], "it": ["Pleistocene medio"], "es": ["Pleistoceno medio"], "ar": ["بليستوسن وسيط"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-779000"}, "label": "-779000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-124001"}, "label": "-124001"}, "note": "Le Pléistocène moyen est le troisième étage du Pléistocène. Il est précédé des étages Gélasien et Calabrien et suivi du Pléistocène supérieur (ou « Tarentien »), quatrième et dernier étage de l'époque du Pléistocène1. Le Pléistocène moyen a une durée d'environ 650 000 ans, entre −781 000 et −126 000 ans. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4vnqm": {"id": "p02chr4vnqm", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtT7uGEJ3s0j", "label": "Paléolithique moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Palaeolithic"], "nl": ["Midden-Paleolithicum"], "de": ["Mittelpaläolithikum"], "it": ["Paleolitico medio"], "es": ["Paleolítico medio"], "ar": ["باليوليت وسيط"], "fr": ["Paléolithique moyen"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-300000"}, "label": "-300000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-40001"}, "label": "-40001"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4m63c": {"id": "p02chr4m63c", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtkcYHviAkFR", "label": "Pléistocène supérieur", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Pleistocene"], "fr": ["Pléistocène récent", "Pléistocène Tarentien", "Pléistocène supérieur"], "nl": ["Boven-Pleistoceen"], "de": ["Jungpleistozän"], "it": ["Pleistocene superiore"], "es": ["Pleistoceno superior"], "ar": ["بليستوسن أعلى"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-124000"}, "label": "-124000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9701"}, "label": "-9701"}, "note": "Le Pléistocène supérieur est le dernier étage ou âge de l'époque du Pléistocène, première époque de la période du Quaternaire (la seconde étant l'Holocène). (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4c4bc": {"id": "p02chr4c4bc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt9U8BH9pVRu", "label": "Paléolithique supérieur", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Palaeolithic"], "nl": ["Jong-Paleolithicum"], "de": ["Jungpaläolithikum"], "es": ["Paleolítico superior"], "it": ["Paleolitico superiore"], "ar": ["باليوليت أعلى"], "fr": ["Paléolithique supérieur"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-40000"}, "label": "-40000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12501"}, "label": "-12501"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr43h3c": {"id": "p02chr43h3c", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt9hLpUyQcym", "label": "Chronologie américaine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["New World Chronology"], "de": ["Altamerikanische Kulturen"], "nl": ["Amerikaanse chronologie"], "es": ["Cronología amerindia"], "it": ["Cronologia amerindiana"], "ar": ["التسلسل الزمني للثقافات الهندوأمريكية"], "fr": ["Chronologie américaine"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-23000"}, "label": "-23000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492"}, "note": "Employer ce terme pour les périodes entre la préhistoire et l'arrivée des Espagnols (BL)"}, "p02chr4pdhw": {"id": "p02chr4pdhw", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtOem33zra4M", "label": "Bölling", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bölling"], "de": ["Bölling"], "es": ["Bölling"], "it": ["Bölling"], "nl": ["Bölling"], "ar": ["بولينغ"], "fr": ["Bölling"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-13000"}, "label": "-13000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12101"}, "label": "-12101"}, "note": "L'oscillation de Bølling fut une période interstadiaire entre le Dryas ancien et le Dryas récent, à la fin de la dernière glaciation. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr44sm4": {"id": "p02chr44sm4", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtczbrBj5aJv", "label": "Epipaléolithique et Mésolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Epipalaeolithic and Mesolithic"], "de": ["Epipaläolithikum"], "nl": ["Epipaleolithicum en Mesolithicum"], "it": ["Epipaleolitico e Mesolitico"], "es": ["Epipaleolítico y Mesolítico"], "ar": ["إب باليوليت و ميزوليت"], "fr": ["Epipaléolithique et Mésolithique"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12500"}, "label": "-12500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5501"}, "label": "-5501"}}, "p02chr452hz": {"id": "p02chr452hz", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtNcvU9Ed8ln", "label": "Epipaléolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Paléolithique supérieur final", "Paléolithique final", "Epipaléolithique"], "en": ["Epipalaeolithic"], "it": ["Epipaleolitico"], "es": ["Epipaleolítico"], "de": ["Spätpaläolithikum"], "ar": ["إب باليوليت"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12500"}, "label": "-12500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9601"}, "label": "-9601"}, "note": "L'Épipaléolithique ou Paléolithique final est une phase de la Préhistoire récente, succédant au Paléolithique supérieur environ 12 500 ans avant notre ère et précédant le Mésolithique. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4xhgx": {"id": "p02chr4xhgx", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtLagpHNQNLi", "label": "glaciation de Würm", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Dernier maximum glaciaire", "Weichselien", "Wisconsinien", "Würmien", "Würm", "glaciation de Würm"], "en": ["Würm glaciation"], "es": ["glaciación de Würm"], "it": ["glaciazione Würm"], "nl": ["Würm Glaciaal"], "de": ["Würm-Kaltzeit"], "ar": ["فيرم"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12500"}, "label": "-12500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-11000"}, "label": "-11000"}, "note": "La glaciation de Würm, est le nom donné aux manifestations de la dernière période glaciaire globale du Pléistocène dans les Alpes. (Wikipédia)", "narrower": []}, "p02chr4bk52": {"id": "p02chr4bk52", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtxSiBkZP5dp", "label": "Dryas", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dryas"], "de": ["Dryas"], "es": ["Dryas"], "nl": ["Dryas"], "ar": ["درياس"], "fr": ["Dryas"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-11000"}, "label": "-11000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9600"}, "label": "-9600"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4d8tr": {"id": "p02chr4d8tr", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtG380wfFS4K", "label": "Alleröd", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Allerød", "Alleröd"], "en": ["Alleröd"], "de": ["Alleröd"], "es": ["Alleröd"], "it": ["Alleröd"], "nl": ["Alleröd"], "ar": ["ألرويد"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-10000"}, "label": "-10000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8801"}, "label": "-8801"}, "note": "Phase climatique tempérée de la fin de la dernière glaciation (ou Tardiglaciaire), datée par le radiocarbone d'environ 12 000 à 10 800 ans BP. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4hphv": {"id": "p02chr4hphv", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtspSrlaX1dI", "label": "Holocène", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Postglaciaire", "Holocène"], "en": ["Holocene"], "nl": ["Holoceen"], "es": ["Holoceno"], "de": ["Holozän"], "it": ["Olocene"], "ar": ["هولوسن"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9700"}, "label": "-9700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000"}, "note": "L'Holocène (du grec ancien holos - ὅλος : entier, et kainos - καινός : récent) est une époque géologique s'étendant sur les 10 000 dernières années, toujours en cours de nos jours. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4gqd2": {"id": "p02chr4gqd2", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtm0TQrgSmdN", "label": "Tardiglaciaire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Würm IV", "Tardiglaciaire"], "en": ["Late Glacial"], "es": ["Máximo Tardiglaciar"], "de": ["Spätglazial"], "nl": ["Tardiglaciaal"], "it": ["Tardiglaciale"], "ar": ["العصر الجليدي المتأخر"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9650"}, "label": "-9650"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7700"}, "label": "-7700"}, "note": "Dernière phase du Pléistocène, précédant l'époque actuelle de l'Holocène. Il correspond à l'ultime subdivision de la dernière glaciation (glaciation de Würm dans les Alpes), durant laquelle le climat se réchauffe globalement même s'il est marqué par des oscillations froides. Il précède la période interglaciaire actuelle (on parle encore de postglaciaire), globalement chaude, qu'est l'Holocène. Les limites chronologiques du Tardiglaciaire varient selon les auteurs mais la plupart considèrent qu'il dure de la fin du Dernier Maximum Glaciaire ou LGM (vers environ 18 000 ans BP) à la dernière oscillation froide appelée Dryas récent (vers 11 650 ans BP calibré soit vers 9700 ans av. J.-C.). (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr423wt": {"id": "p02chr423wt", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtNs85SfBRuH", "label": "Mésolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"], "de": ["Mesolithikum"], "it": ["Mesolitico"], "es": ["Mesolítico"], "ar": ["ميزوليت"], "fr": ["Mésolithique"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9600"}, "label": "-9600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5501"}, "label": "-5501"}, "note": "Le Mésolithique est la période (entre environ 10 000 et 5 000 ans av. J.-C. en Europe) chronologiquement et culturellement intermédiaire entre le Paléolithique qui le précède et le Néolithique qui lui succède. Les groupes humains de cette période perpétuent un mode de subsistance basé sur la chasse, la pêche et la cueillette sous un climat tempéré proche du climat actuel. Le Mésolithique est marqué par de tels changements économiques et sociaux que certains auteurs en font la première phase de la Protohistoire européenne. Le Mésolithique s'achève avec la mise en place progressive des espèces végétales et animales domestiques lors du Néolithique européen, même si l'économie mésolithique dure encore localement jusqu'à environ 2 300 av. J.-C. en Europe septentrionale. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4wz3t": {"id": "p02chr4wz3t", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtphVzWKGT8J", "label": "Mésolithique ancien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ancient mesolithic"], "ar": ["ميزوليت قديم"], "fr": ["Mésolithique ancien"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9600"}, "label": "-9600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8301"}, "label": "-8301"}, "editorialNote": "English label not present in original source but required for data entry via http://Perio.do client. Obtained via Google translate", "narrower": []}, "p02chr4mw28": {"id": "p02chr4mw28", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtcf8LOl20Mv", "label": "Néolithique précéramique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["PPN", "Néolithique précéramique"], "en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic"], "it": ["Neolitico preceramico"], "es": ["Neolítico precerámico"], "de": ["Präkeramisches Neolithikum"], "nl": ["Prekeramisch Neolithicum"], "ar": ["نيوليت قبل الفخار"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9000"}, "label": "-9000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7000"}, "label": "-7000"}, "note": "L'expression « Néolithique précéramique » (Pre-Pottery Neolithic en anglais) désigne une phase du Néolithique ancien caractérisée par l'adoption de certains traits tels que la sédentarité, l'agriculture ou le polissage des outils de pierre mais pas la fabrication de céramique. Elle a été introduite par Kathleen Kenyon dans le cadre de l'étude de la séquence de Jéricho puis a été adoptée pour l'ensemble du Néolithique du Proche-Orient."}, "p02chr4b8ww": {"id": "p02chr4b8ww", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtYwNO0YUbVp", "label": "Mésolithique moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Mesolithic"], "ar": ["ميزوليت وسيط"], "fr": ["Mésolithique moyen"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-8300"}, "label": "-8300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6901"}, "label": "-6901"}, "editorialNote": "English label not present in original source but required for data entry via Perio.do client. Obtained via Google Translate", "narrower": []}, "p02chr4txtc": {"id": "p02chr4txtc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtnkWSMMS9VP", "label": "Préboréal", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Pré-boréal", "Pré-Boréal", "Préboréal"], "en": ["Preboreal"], "de": ["Präboreal"], "nl": ["Preboreaal"], "es": ["Preboreal"], "it": ["Preboreale"], "ar": ["ما قبل شمالي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-8300"}, "label": "-8300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7001"}, "label": "-7001"}, "note": "Première phase de l'Holocène, située entre 10 300 et 9 000 ans avant le présent. Elle précède le boréal et succède au pléistocène supérieur. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4s3wh": {"id": "p02chr4s3wh", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtv45WFy4YjO", "label": "Mésolithique final", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mesolithic"], "ar": ["ميزوليت أخير"], "fr": ["Mésolithique final"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6900"}, "label": "-6900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5501"}, "label": "-5501"}, "editorialNote": "English label not present in original source but required for data entry via http://Perio.do client. Obtained via Google translate", "narrower": []}, "p02chr4knmx": {"id": "p02chr4knmx", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtwpx5MU2hlw", "label": "Préhistoire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["âge de la pierre", "âge de pierre", "Préhistoire"], "en": ["Prehistory"], "es": ["Prehistoria"], "nl": ["Prehistorie"], "it": ["Preistoria"], "de": ["Ur- und Frühgeschichte"], "ar": ["ما قبل التاريخ"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-800000"}, "label": "-800000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3001"}, "label": "-3001"}}, "p02chr4snwn": {"id": "p02chr4snwn", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtzTubWFEonX", "label": "Mésolithique récent", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mesolithic"], "ar": ["ميزوليت حديث"], "fr": ["Mésolithique récent"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6900"}, "label": "-6900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6001"}, "label": "-6001"}, "editorialNote": "English label not present in original source but required for data entry via http://Perio.do client. Obtained via Google translate", "narrower": []}, "p02chr4ghc6": {"id": "p02chr4ghc6", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtH8P95EucZz", "label": "Néolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"], "nl": ["Neolithicum"], "de": ["Neolithikum"], "it": ["Neolitico"], "es": ["Neolítico"], "ar": ["نيوليت"], "fr": ["Néolithique"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6000"}, "label": "-6000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2201"}, "label": "-2201"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4zmnf": {"id": "p02chr4zmnf", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtFRtEh1AndU", "label": "Néolithique ancien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic"], "de": ["Frühneolithikum"], "it": ["Neolitico antico"], "es": ["Neolítico antiguo"], "nl": ["Vroeg-Neolithicum"], "ar": ["نيوليت قديم"], "fr": ["Néolithique ancien"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6000"}, "label": "-6000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5301"}, "label": "-5301"}}, "p02chr4m92t": {"id": "p02chr4m92t", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt2Da0ASe5sL", "label": "Néolithique moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic"], "de": ["Jungneolithikum"], "nl": ["Midden-Neolithicum"], "it": ["Neolitico medio"], "es": ["Neolítico medio"], "ar": ["نيوليت وسيط"], "fr": ["Néolithique moyen"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5300"}, "label": "-5300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4501"}, "label": "-4501"}, "editorialNote": "English label not present in original source but required for data entry via http://Perio.do client. Obtained via Google translate", "narrower": []}, "p02chr48cqr": {"id": "p02chr48cqr", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtdnSecgloEJ", "label": "Néolithique récent", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic"], "nl": ["Late Neolithicum"], "it": ["Neolitico recente"], "es": ["Neolítico reciente"], "de": ["Spätneolithikum"], "ar": ["نيوليت حديث"], "fr": ["Néolithique récent"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4500"}, "label": "-4500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2201"}, "label": "-2201"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr47s3b": {"id": "p02chr47s3b", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtkWTHVxnZWN", "label": "Néolithique final", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Final Neolithic"], "nl": ["Eind-Neolithicum"], "de": ["Endneolithikum"], "es": ["Neolítico final"], "it": ["Neolitico finale"], "ar": ["نيوليت أخير"], "fr": ["Néolithique final"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4500"}, "label": "-4500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3951"}, "label": "-3951"}, "note": "Correspond au Chalcolithique sans métal"}, "p02chr45srh": {"id": "p02chr45srh", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtUoS7hUkI8o", "label": "Sub-boréal", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Subboréal", "sous-boréal", "Sub-Boréal", "Sub-boréal"], "en": ["Subboreal"], "nl": ["Subboreaal"], "de": ["Subboreal"], "es": ["Suboreal"], "it": ["Suboreale"], "ar": ["تحت شمالي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3710"}, "label": "-3710"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0851"}, "label": "-851"}, "note": "Avant-dernier étage paléoclimatologique de l'Holocène, le Subboréal s'étend de - 5000 ans à - 2500 ans avant le présent. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4tw9n": {"id": "p02chr4tw9n", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtil5znJ6Z4o", "label": "Chronologie antillaise", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["West Indies chronology"], "de": ["Antillen-Chronologie"], "nl": ["Antilliaanse chronologie"], "es": ["Cronología antillana"], "it": ["Cronologia antillese"], "ar": ["التسلسل الزمني لثقافات الكاريبي"], "fr": ["Chronologie antillaise"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3000"}, "label": "-3000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1915"}, "label": "1915"}}, "p02chr42bc7": {"id": "p02chr42bc7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt6v7rFwj0do", "label": "Chalcolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["âge du cuivre", "Énéolithique", "Épinéolithique", "époque chalcolithique", "Chalcolithique"], "en": ["Copper Age"], "es": ["Chalcolítico"], "de": ["Chalkolithikum"], "it": ["Eneolitico"], "ar": ["الكالكوليت"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3000"}, "label": "-3000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2201"}, "label": "-2201"}, "note": "Parfois appelé Énéolithique, ou encore plus rarement Épinéolithique, période de la protohistoire originellement définie comme une transition entre le Néolithique et l'âge du bronze. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4tg3r": {"id": "p02chr4tg3r", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtHlenwSnkDM", "label": "Protohistoire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["âge des métaux", "époque pré-romaine", "époque protohistorique", "Protohistoire"], "en": ["Protohistory"], "de": ["Frühgeschichte"], "es": ["Protohistoria"], "nl": ["protohistorie"], "it": ["Protostoria"], "ar": ["فجر التاريخ"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "-2200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "-51"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4bdf4": {"id": "p02chr4bdf4", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtGTWPtWn8qu", "label": "âge du Bronze", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"], "fr": ["Age du Bronze", "âge du Bronze"], "nl": ["Bronstijd"], "de": ["Bronzezeit"], "es": ["Edad de bronce"], "it": ["Età del bronzo"], "ar": ["عصر البرونز"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "-2200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0801"}, "label": "-801"}, "note": "La chronologie de l'âge du Bronze faisant référence est celle de J.-J. Hatt « Nouveau projet de chronologie pour l’âge de bronze en France » in : Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, p. 304-306, 1958, vol. 55, no 5-6."}, "p02chr479c3": {"id": "p02chr479c3", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtU9wwh3D5FE", "label": "Bronze ancien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["âge du Bronze ancien", "Age du bronze ancien", "Bronze ancien"], "en": ["Early Bronze Age"], "it": ["Antica età del bronzo"], "es": ["Bronce antiguo"], "de": ["Frühe Bronzezeit"], "nl": ["Vroege Bronstijd"], "ar": ["عصر البرونز القديم"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "-2200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1601"}, "label": "-1601"}, "note": "Correspond à l’apparition de la métallurgie, avant le Ve millénaire av. J.‑C. en Anatolie mais vers le IIe millénaire av. J.‑C. en Europe occidentale comme en France. (Wikipédia)\n"}, "p02chr4rvnw": {"id": "p02chr4rvnw", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtSDQ3S5vPom", "label": "époque mycénienne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép mycénienne", "époque post-palatiale", "ép post-palatiale", "période mycénienne", "période post-palatiale", "époque mycénienne"], "en": ["Mycenaean Period"], "it": ["età micenea"], "nl": ["Myceense periode"], "de": ["Mykenische Epoche"], "es": ["período miceniano"], "ar": ["العصر الميسيني"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1650"}, "label": "-1650"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1101"}, "label": "-1101"}, "note": "après 1400 av. J.-C.- vers 1200 av. J.-C."}, "p02chr4xr3h": {"id": "p02chr4xr3h", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtSZ1b47Qkjp", "label": "Bronze moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du bronze moyen", "Bronze moyen"], "en": ["Middle Bronze Age"], "es": ["Bronce medio"], "it": ["Media età del bronzo"], "nl": ["Midden Bronstijd"], "de": ["Mittlere Bronzezeit"], "ar": ["عصر البرونز الوسيط"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1600"}, "label": "-1600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1401"}, "label": "-1401"}, "note": "Appelé aussi l’« âge du Bronze véritable », il correspond à la culture des tumulus protoceltiques ce qui en Europe centrale se situe vers le IIe millénaire av. J.-C. et vers 1500 av. J.-C. en France. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4qv75": {"id": "p02chr4qv75", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtQGLpWkh9Gt", "label": "Bronze final", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Âge du bronze final", "Age du bronze final", "Âge du bronze récent", "Bronze récent", "Bronze final"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age"], "es": ["Bronce final"], "nl": ["Late Bronstijd"], "de": ["Spätbronzezeit"], "it": ["Tarda età del bronzo"], "ar": ["عصر البرونز الأخير"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1400"}, "label": "-1400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0801"}, "label": "-801"}, "note": "Marqué par le début des grandes invasions, principalement celtiques, il se confond en Europe centrale avec la culture des champs d’urnes. Il commence en Europe occidentale comme en France vers le XIIe siècle av. J.-C. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4n5w5": {"id": "p02chr4n5w5", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtFqN5q3uU3p", "label": "Hallstatt", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["civilisation de Hallstatt", "ép d'Hallstatt", "époque de Hallstatt", "époque d'Hallstatt", "Hallstatt"], "en": ["Hallstatt culture", "Hallstatt"], "es": ["Hallstatt"], "it": ["Hallstatt"], "nl": ["Hallstatt"], "de": ["Hallstattkultur"], "ar": ["هالستات"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1200"}, "label": "-1200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0475"}, "label": "-475"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4tzvw": {"id": "p02chr4tzvw", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtWZ1Q76vmrn", "label": "Bronze récent", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du Bronze récent", "Bronze récent"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age"], "es": ["Bronce reciente"], "it": ["Bronzo recente"], "nl": ["Late Bronstijd"], "de": ["Späte Bronzezeit"], "ar": ["عصر البرونز الحديث"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1200"}, "label": "-1200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1001"}, "label": "-1001"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4w3d2": {"id": "p02chr4w3d2", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt5QppTGWM52", "label": "Bronze récent I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age I"], "fr": ["Bronze final I", "Bronze récent I"], "es": ["Bronce reciente I"], "it": ["Bronzo recente I"], "de": ["Späte Bronzezeit I"], "ar": ["1 عصر البرونز الحديث"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1200"}, "label": "-1200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1101"}, "label": "-1101"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr43t2d": {"id": "p02chr43t2d", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtu4j0whSZHi", "label": "Bronze récent II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Bronze final II", "Bronze récent II"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age II"], "es": ["Bronce reciente II"], "it": ["Bronzo recente II"], "de": ["Späte Bronzezeit II"], "ar": ["2 عصر البرونز الحديث"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "-1100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0901"}, "label": "-901"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4hhwt": {"id": "p02chr4hhwt", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtrb2nqerG4E", "label": "époque orientalisante", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép orientalisante", "époque orientalisante"], "en": ["Orientalizing Period"], "nl": ["Oriëntaliserende periode"], "de": ["Orientalisierende Periode"], "es": ["período orientalizante"], "it": ["periodo orientalizzante"], "ar": ["فترة مشرقية"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1000"}, "label": "-1000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0701"}, "label": "-701"}, "note": "de 750 à 600 pour les archéologues"}, "p02chr4c4vs": {"id": "p02chr4c4vs", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtiK0trY6S4r", "label": "Bronze récent III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age III"], "fr": ["Bronze final III", "Bronze récent III"], "es": ["Bronce reciente III"], "it": ["Bronzo recente III"], "de": ["Späte Bronzezeit III"], "ar": ["عصر البرونز الحديث 3"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0900"}, "label": "-900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0801"}, "label": "-801"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4hm5d": {"id": "p02chr4hm5d", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtiSSJerrMvc", "label": "Subatlantique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Sub-atlantique", "Sub-Atlantique", "Subatlantique"], "en": ["Subatlantic"], "it": ["Subatlantico"], "es": ["Subatlántico"], "nl": ["Subatlanticum"], "de": ["Subatlantikum"], "ar": ["تحت أطلسي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0850"}, "label": "-850"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000"}, "note": "Sur l'échelle des temps géologiques, le Subatlantique est le dernier étage géologique de l'Holocène. Succédant au Subboréal, il s'étend depuis environ -850 (tant que la proposition de création de l'Anthropocène n'est pas retenue). (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr45626": {"id": "p02chr45626", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtW9SpIgIk7Q", "label": "âge du Fer", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Age du Fer", "époque celtique", "âge du Fer"], "en": ["Iron Age"], "es": ["Edad del hierro"], "de": ["Eisenzeit"], "it": ["Età del ferro"], "nl": ["Ijzertijd"], "ar": ["عصر الحديد"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "-51"}, "note": "Période chronologique caractérisée par l'usage de la métallurgie du fer et faisant généralement suite à l'âge du bronze. Cependant, les limites chronologiques de l'âge du fer varient considérablement selon l'aire culturelle et géographique considérée. Ainsi peut-il être considéré comme appartenant à la Préhistoire, à la Protohistoire ou l'Histoire selon les aires géographiques considérées. L'âge du fer débute vers 1100 av. J.-C. dans le monde méditerranéen, vers 800 à 700 av. J.-C. dans le nord de l'Europe et vers 500 av. J.-C. en Afrique. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr46pcp": {"id": "p02chr46pcp", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtB2qQmSnkAM", "label": "Italie archaïque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Rome archaïque", "Italie archaïque"], "en": ["Archaic Italy"], "nl": ["archaïsch Italië"], "es": ["Italia arcaica"], "it": ["Italia arcaica"], "de": ["Vorrömische Epoche"], "ar": ["إيطاليا القديمة"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0401"}, "label": "-401"}, "narrower": []}, "p02chr4rx4z": {"id": "p02chr4rx4z", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtS9zS3EMQiR", "label": "Premier âge du Fer", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1er âge du Fer", "1er Age du fer", "Premier âge du Fer"], "en": ["Iron Age (first period)"], "de": ["Ältere Eisenzeit"], "nl": ["Ijzertijd (eerste periode)"], "it": ["Prima età del ferro"], "es": ["Primera edad del hierro"], "ar": ["عصر الحديد الأول"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0451"}, "label": "-451"}, "note": "Correspondant à la culture de Hallstatt, le Premier âge du Fer est une culture du centre-ouest de l'Europe qui dure d'environ -1200 à -500. Elle succède à l'âge du bronze final et précède la période de La Tène ou Second âge du Fer (fin de la Protohistoire). (D'après Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4j9v7": {"id": "p02chr4j9v7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtdsADoum1fI", "label": "interglaciaire Riss-Würm", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Riss-Würm", "interglaciaire Riss-Würm"], "en": ["Riss-Würm interglacial"], "es": ["interglaciar Riss-Würm"], "it": ["interglaciazione Riss-Würm"], "nl": ["Riss-Würm"], "de": ["Riss-Würm-Interglazial"], "ar": ["ريس ـ فيرم"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0451"}, "label": "-451"}, "note": "Avant-dernière période interglaciaire du Quaternaire. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4nwhb": {"id": "p02chr4nwhb", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtpcAdBe2SFu", "label": "époque archaïque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép archaïque", "Grèce archaïque", "époque archaïque"], "en": ["Archaic Period"], "de": ["Archaik"], "nl": ["Archaïsche periode"], "it": ["periodo arcaico"], "es": ["período arcaico"], "ar": ["فترة قديمة"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0481"}, "label": "-481"}, "note": "Ne concerne que le monde grec : de 800 à 480 pour les historiographes et de 600 à 480 pour les archéologues", "editorialNote": "Abbreviation ép (for époque) not present in PACTOLS thesaurus, but present in list of dated terms received from INRAP. Included as it is a commonly used alternative in French language"}, "p02chr4hrhd": {"id": "p02chr4hrhd", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtproEe0mnKx", "label": "Transition Bronze/Fer", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age/Iron Age transition"], "nl": ["overgang tussen Bronstijd en Ijzertijd"], "es": ["Transición bronce/hierro"], "it": ["Transizione bronzo/ferro"], "de": ["Übergang Bronzezeit/Eisenzeit"], "ar": ["العصر الانتقالي برونز\\\\حديد"], "fr": ["Transition Bronze/Fer"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0775"}, "label": "-775"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0725"}, "label": "-725"}}, "p02chr4ws55": {"id": "p02chr4ws55", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtxT02uJOogm", "label": "Antiquité", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antiquity"], "it": ["Antichità"], "es": ["Antigüedad"], "de": ["Antike"], "nl": ["Oudheid"], "ar": ["تاريخ قديم"], "fr": ["Antiquité"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "-600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0499"}, "label": "499"}}, "p02chr48vk7": {"id": "p02chr48vk7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtof7EHNsS2e", "label": "Antiquité gréco-romaine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Antiquité classique", "ép gréco-romaine", "époque gréco-romaine", "Antiquité gréco-romaine"], "en": ["Greco-Roman Antiquity"], "it": ["Antichità greco-romana"], "es": ["Antigüedad greco-romana"], "de": ["Griechisch-Römische Antike"], "nl": ["Grieks-Romeinse Oudheid"], "ar": ["تاريخ قديم يوناني-روماني"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "-600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0499"}, "label": "499"}}, "p02chr4tsx7": {"id": "p02chr4tsx7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtNzYn31IIAZ", "label": "Antiquité grecque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Greek Antiquity"], "it": ["Antichità greca"], "es": ["Antigüedad griega"], "de": ["Griechische Antike"], "nl": ["Griekse Oudheid"], "ar": ["تاريخ قديم يوناني"], "fr": ["Antiquité grecque"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "-600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0229"}, "label": "-229"}}, "p02chr4zng7": {"id": "p02chr4zng7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtoNSSGgIkbX", "label": "République romaine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["époque républicaine", "ép républicaine", "ép romaine républicaine", "époque romaine républicaine", "Rome-République", "République romaine"], "en": ["Roman Republic"], "it": ["Repubblica romana"], "es": ["República romana"], "nl": ["Romeinse republiek"], "de": ["Römische Republik"], "ar": ["الجمهورية الرومانية"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0509"}, "label": "-509"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0027"}, "label": "-27"}, "note": "509 av. J.-C. - 27 av. J.-C."}, "p02chr4frfc": {"id": "p02chr4frfc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtQvT7LqGMAp", "label": "époque pré-classique grecque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép pré-classique", "époque pré-classique", "ép pré-classique grecque", "époque pré-classique grecque"], "en": ["Preclassical Period"], "it": ["età preclassica"], "es": ["período preclásico"], "nl": ["Preklassieke periode"], "de": ["Vorklassische Zeit"], "ar": ["عصر ما قبل الكلاسيكي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0490"}, "label": "-490"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0461"}, "label": "-461"}, "editorialNote": "Abbreviation ép (for époque) not present in PACTOLS thesaurus, but present in list of dated terms received from INRAP. Included as it is a commonly used alternative in French language"}, "p02chr42dw6": {"id": "p02chr42dw6", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtsjGGaTgSBv", "label": "époque classique grecque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép classique grecque", "époque classique", "ép classique", "époque classique grecque"], "en": ["Classical Greece"], "es": ["Grecia clásica"], "it": ["Grecia classica"], "nl": ["Klassieke periode"], "de": ["Klassische Zeit"], "ar": ["العصر الكلاسيكي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0480"}, "label": "-480"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0323"}, "label": "-323"}, "note": "L’Époque classique est une période de l'histoire de la Grèce antique, située entre l'époque archaïque et l'époque hellénistique. Elle correspond à la majeure partie des ve et ive siècles av. J.-C., c'est-à-dire depuis la victoire athénienne de Salamine contre les Perses en -480 jusqu'à la mort d'Alexandre le Grand en -323. (WP le 07/11/18)", "editorialNote": "Abbreviation ép (for époque) not present in PACTOLS thesaurus, but present in list of dated terms received from INRAP. Included as it is a commonly used alternative in French language"}, "p02chr4v5fm": {"id": "p02chr4v5fm", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtxsgw3KuHHl", "label": "époque étrusque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép étrusque", "époque étrusque"], "en": ["Etruscan Period"], "de": ["Etruskerzeit"], "nl": ["Etruskische periode"], "it": ["periodo etrusco"], "es": ["período etrusco"], "ar": ["الفترة الأتروسكية"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0470"}, "label": "-470"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0351"}, "label": "-351"}, "editorialNote": "Abbreviation ép (for époque) not present in PACTOLS thesaurus, but present in list of dated terms received from INRAP. Included as it is a commonly used alternative in French language\n"}, "p02chr4qkk2": {"id": "p02chr4qkk2", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtRJxa5OT7xR", "label": "La Tène", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène"], "es": ["La Tene"], "it": ["La Tene"], "nl": ["La Tène"], "de": ["La-Tène-Zeit"], "ar": ["لا تين"], "fr": ["La Tène"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0450"}, "label": "-450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "-51"}}, "p02chr4pz3h": {"id": "p02chr4pz3h", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtxVmyWBbIQq", "label": "Second âge du Fer", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e âge du Fer", "2e Age du fer", "Deuxième âge du Fer", "Second âge du Fer"], "en": ["Iron Age (second period)"], "nl": ["Ijzertijd (tweede periode)"], "de": ["Jüngere Eisenzeit"], "it": ["Seconda età del ferro"], "es": ["Segunda edad del hierro"], "ar": ["عصر الحديد الثاني"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0450"}, "label": "-450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "-51"}, "note": "Correspondant à la culture de La Tène, le Second âge du Fer se développe en Europe entre environ 450 av. J.-C. et 25 av. J.-C. Considéré comme l'apogée de la civilisation celtique, il succède au Premier âge du Fer (Hallstatt, 1300-400 av. J.-C.) et s'achève avec la conquête romaine et les migrations germaniques. Son nom provient du site archéologique de La Tène découvert en 1857 à Marin-Epagnier, sur les bords du lac de Neuchâtel en Suisse. (D'après Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr44tnn": {"id": "p02chr44tnn", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtbm5GVtzrbP", "label": "La Tène A", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La Tène I", "La Tène A"], "en": ["La Tène I"], "de": ["Früh-La-Tène-Zeit"], "es": ["La Tene I"], "it": ["La Tene I"], "nl": ["La Tène I"], "ar": ["1 لاتين"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0450"}, "label": "-450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0261"}, "label": "-261"}}, "p02chr4nc2k": {"id": "p02chr4nc2k", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtaFkrKZEXbs", "label": "époque hellénistique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép hellénistique", "Asie hellénistique", "Égypte hellénistique", "Grèce hellénistique", "époque hellénistique"], "en": ["Hellenistic Period"], "it": ["età ellenistica"], "de": ["Hellenismus"], "nl": ["Hellenistische periode"], "es": ["período helenístico"], "ar": ["عصر هلنستي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0323"}, "label": "-323"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0030"}, "label": "-30"}, "note": "323-31 av. J.C. - Période de l'Antiquité qui suit la conquête d’une partie du monde méditerranéen et de l’Asie par Alexandre le Grand jusqu’à la période romaine.", "editorialNote": "Abbreviation ép (for époque) not present in PACTOLS thesaurus, but present in list of dated terms received from INRAP. Included as it is a commonly used alternative in French language\n"}, "p02chr46pbd": {"id": "p02chr46pbd", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtwNKI9ovkGB", "label": "IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIIe siècle av J-C", "IIIe siècle av. J.-C."], "en": ["3rd century BC"], "de": ["3. Jahrhundert v. Chr."], "nl": ["derde eeuw voor Christus"], "it": ["III secolo a. C."], "es": ["siglo III a. C"], "ar": ["القرن الثالث قبل الميلاد"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "-300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0201"}, "label": "-201"}, "editorialNote": "Alternative punctuation for av J-C was present in list of dated terms received from INRAP."}, "p02chr4zcxz": {"id": "p02chr4zcxz", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtpz5a27rtgG", "label": "La Tène B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La Tène II", "La Tène B"], "en": ["La Tène II"], "es": ["La Tene II"], "it": ["La Tene II"], "nl": ["La Tène II"], "de": ["Mittel-La-Tène-Zeit"], "ar": ["لاتين 2"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0260"}, "label": "-260"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0151"}, "label": "-151"}}, "p02chr4t3dk": {"id": "p02chr4t3dk", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt7R8JWIsRGo", "label": "La Tène D", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La Tène finale", "La Tène D"], "en": ["La Tène finale"], "nl": ["Laat La Tène"], "ar": ["لاتين الأخير"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0150"}, "label": "-150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "-51"}}, "p02chr43zrc": {"id": "p02chr43zrc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtei2oEUwwbf", "label": "La Tène C", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["La Tène III", "La Tène C"], "en": ["La Tène III"], "es": ["La Tene III"], "it": ["La Tene III"], "nl": ["La Tène III"], "de": ["Spät-La-Tène-Zeit"], "ar": ["3 لاتين "]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0150"}, "label": "-150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0051"}, "label": "-51"}}, "p02chr4n89v": {"id": "p02chr4n89v", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtQRU0mOfGGo", "label": "époque tardo-républicaine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép tardo-républicaine", "époque tardo-républicaine"], "en": ["Late Republic Period"], "it": ["età tardo-repubblicana"], "nl": ["laat-Republikeinse periode"], "es": ["período tardo-republicano"], "de": ["Späte Republik"], "ar": ["الفترة المتأخرة من عصر الجمهوري"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0133"}, "label": "-133"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0027"}, "label": "-27"}, "editorialNote": "Abbreviation ép (for époque) not present in PACTOLS thesaurus, but present in list of dated terms received from INRAP. Included as it is a commonly used alternative in French language"}, "p02chr4pb72": {"id": "p02chr4pb72", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtnzSW6S4S5D", "label": "Ier siècle av. J.-C.", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ier siècle av J-C", "Ier siècle av. J.-C."], "en": ["1st century BC"], "nl": ["1ste eeuw voor Christus"], "de": ["1. vorchristliche Jahrhundert"], "it": ["I secolo a. C."], "es": ["siglo I a. C"], "ar": ["القرن الأول قبل الميلاد"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0100"}, "label": "-100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0001"}, "label": "-1"}, "editorialNote": "Alternative punctuation for av J-C was present in list of dated terms received from INRAP."}, "p02chr4964n": {"id": "p02chr4964n", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtZTmusVUU24", "label": "Antiquité romaine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["époque romaine", "ép romaine", "Romain", "Antiquité romaine"], "en": ["Roman Antiquity"], "it": ["Antichità romana"], "es": ["Antigüedad romana"], "nl": ["Romeinse Oudheid"], "de": ["Römische Antike"], "ar": ["تاريخ قديم روماني"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "-50"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0499"}, "label": "499"}}, "p02chr4847s": {"id": "p02chr4847s", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtH5r3FYBpwe", "label": "Haut-Empire romain", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Haut-Empire", "Haut Empire", "Rome Haut-Empire", "Rome Haut Empire", "Haut-Empire romain"], "en": ["Early Empire"], "es": ["Alto Imperio"], "it": ["Alto Impero"], "de": ["Frühe Kaiserzeit"], "nl": ["vroeg-Romeinse Keizerrijk"], "ar": ["الامبراطورية العليا"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "-50"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0299"}, "label": "299"}, "note": "Il constitue, avec le Bas-Empire, une des deux découpes historiographiques de l'Empire romain telle que vue par les historiens français. Ces termes sont des concepts très usuels, mais leurs limites chronologiques respectives ne sont pas fixées de façon unanime. Elle désigne la première période de l’Empire romain, qui débute en 27 av. J.-C. avec le principat d'Auguste, et inclut le règne idéalisé des Antonins. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4hd5t": {"id": "p02chr4hd5t", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtIkSWVMVuqB", "label": "Empire romain", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["époque impériale", "ép impériale", "époque romaine impériale", "ép romaine impériale", "Gaule romaine", "Rome Empire", "Empire romain"], "en": ["Roman Empire"], "es": ["Imperio romano"], "it": ["Impero romano"], "nl": ["Romeinse Keizerrijk"], "de": ["Römisches Reich"], "ar": ["الإمبراطورية الرومانية"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0027"}, "label": "-27"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0499"}, "label": "499"}, "note": "Nom donné par les historiens à la domination romaine antique entre 27 av. J.-C. et 476 ap. J.-C. (Wikipédia)", "editorialNote": "Abbreviation ép (for époque) not present in PACTOLS thesaurus, but present in list of dated terms received from INRAP. Included as it is a commonly used alternative in French language"}, "p02chr4hxgd": {"id": "p02chr4hxgd", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt8cH0wF3OJa", "label": "Empire romain d'Occident", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Empire d'Occident", "Empire romain d'Occident"], "en": ["Western Empire"], "es": ["Imperio de Occidente"], "it": ["Impero d'Occidente"], "nl": ["West-Romeinse Rijk"], "de": ["Weströmisches Reich"], "ar": ["امبراطورية الغرب"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0027"}, "label": "-27"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476"}, "note": "jusqu'en 476"}, "p02chr4zj4g": {"id": "p02chr4zj4g", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtglKdV7BFE7", "label": "époque augustéenne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép augustéenne", "Règne d'Auguste", "époque augustéenne"], "en": ["Augustan Age"], "nl": ["bewind van Augustus"], "it": ["regno di Augusto"], "es": ["reino de Augusto"], "de": ["Zeit des Augustus"], "ar": ["عهد أوغسطس"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0027"}, "label": "-27"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "14"}, "note": "27 av. J-C à 14 ap. J.C"}, "p02chr4gzf5": {"id": "p02chr4gzf5", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtxIASpSvPLz", "label": "Ier siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1er s. ap. J.-C.", "1er siècle", "Ier siècle ap. J.-C.", "premier siècle", "Ier siècle ap J-C", "Ier siècle"], "en": ["1st century AD"], "de": ["1. Jahrhundert n. Chr."], "nl": ["eerste eeuw na Christus"], "it": ["I secolo d. C."], "es": ["siglo I d. C"], "ar": ["القرن الأول الميلادي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "0"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100"}, "note": "De l'an 1 à l'an 100."}, "p02chr4bc46": {"id": "p02chr4bc46", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtuPD5XmWr9q", "label": "IIe siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIe siècle ap J-C", "2e siècle", "deuxième siècle", "IIe siècle ap. J.-C.", "IIe siècle après J.-C.", "IIe siècle"], "en": ["2nd century AD"], "de": ["2. Jahrhundert n. Chr."], "it": ["II secolo d. C."], "es": ["siglo II d. C"], "nl": ["tweede eeuw na Christus"], "ar": ["القرن الثاني الميلادي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0199"}, "label": "199"}, "note": "De l'an 101 à l'an 200."}, "p02chr44dpt": {"id": "p02chr44dpt", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtdxi5OGtqbo", "label": "IIIe siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIIe siècle ap J-C", "3e siècle", "IIIe siècle ap. J.-C.", "IIIe siècle après J.-C.", "troisième siècle", "IIIe siècle"], "en": ["3rd century AD"], "de": ["3. Jahrhundert n. Chr."], "nl": ["derde eeuw na Christus"], "it": ["III secolo d. C."], "es": ["siglo III d. C"], "ar": ["القرن الثالث الميلادي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0299"}, "label": "299"}, "note": "De l'an 201 à l'an 300."}, "p02chr45b7p": {"id": "p02chr45b7p", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtwopiLhK1Ek", "label": "Antiquité tardive", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["époque romaine tardive", "ép romaine tardive", "Antiquité tardive"], "en": ["Late Antiquity"], "es": ["Antigüedad tardía"], "nl": ["late oudheid"], "de": ["Spätantike"], "it": ["Tarda antichità"], "ar": ["أواخر التاريخ القديم"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0499"}, "label": "499"}}, "p02chr45md8": {"id": "p02chr45md8", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt0auHUwTKix", "label": "Bas-Empire romain", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Bas-Empire", "Rome-Bas Empire", "Bas-Empire romain"], "en": ["Late Empire"], "es": ["Bajo Imperio"], "it": ["Basso Impero"], "de": ["Hohe Kaiserzeit"], "nl": ["laat-Romeinse Keizerrijk"], "ar": ["الامبراطورية الدنيا"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0499"}, "label": "499"}, "note": "Il constitue avec le Haut-Empire une des deux découpes historiographiques de l'Empire romain dans l'historiographie romaine vue par les historiens français. Ces termes sont des concepts très usuels, mais leurs limites chronologiques respectives ne sont pas fixées de façon unanime. On fixe la plupart du temps cette période entre les années 284 et 476.(Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr49ngz": {"id": "p02chr49ngz", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtJtdfJi709S", "label": "IVe siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IVe siècle ap J-C", "4e siècle", "IVe siècle ap. J.-C.", "IVe siècle après J-C", "quatrième siècle", "IVe siècle"], "en": ["4th century AD"], "de": ["4. Jahrhundert n. Chr."], "it": ["IV secolo d. C."], "es": ["siglo IV d. C"], "nl": ["vierde eeuw na Christus"], "ar": ["القرن الرابع الميلادي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0399"}, "label": "399"}, "note": "De l'an 301 à l'an 400."}, "p02chr47td8": {"id": "p02chr47td8", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt10tmOzyG6A", "label": "Ve siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["5e siècle", "cinquième siècle", "Ve siècle ap. J.-C.", "Ve siècle ap J-C", "Ve siècle après J-C", "Ve siècle"], "en": ["5th century AD"], "de": ["5. Jahrhundert n. Chr."], "es": ["siglo V d. C"], "nl": ["vijfde eeuw na Christus"], "it": ["V secolo d. C."], "ar": ["القرن الخامس الميلادي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0499"}, "label": "499"}, "note": "De l'an 401 à l'an 500."}, "p02chr4zzqm": {"id": "p02chr4zzqm", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtSv5AfuqLth", "label": "Empire byzantin", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Byzance-Empire", "ép byzantine", "époque byzantine", "Empire byzantin"], "en": ["Byzantine Empire"], "nl": ["Byzantijnse Rijk"], "de": ["Byzantinische Reich"], "es": ["Imperio bizantino"], "it": ["Impero bizantino"], "ar": ["الإمبراطورية البيزنطية"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1453"}, "label": "1453"}, "note": "395-1453"}, "p02chr49bbg": {"id": "p02chr49bbg", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt52vb3I1FaL", "label": "époque mérovingienne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép mérovingienne", "Mérovingien", "époque mérovingienne"], "en": ["Merovingian Period"], "it": ["età merovingia"], "nl": ["Merovingische tijd"], "de": ["Merowingerzeit"], "es": ["período merovingio"], "ar": ["الفترة الميروفنجية"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0481"}, "label": "481"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0751"}, "label": "751"}}, "p02chr4693g": {"id": "p02chr4693g", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtnJeQI8LVnr", "label": "époque carolingienne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép carolingienne", "époque carolingienne"], "en": ["Carolingian Period"], "it": ["età carolingia"], "de": ["Karolingerzeit"], "nl": ["Karolingische tijd"], "es": ["período carolingio"], "ar": ["الفترة الكارولنجية"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0751"}, "label": "751"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0999"}, "label": "999"}, "note": "De 751 à 987 en France ou 911 en Germanie (Rob.)"}, "p02chr4zc8c": {"id": "p02chr4zc8c", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtAQyKm9qosx", "label": "époque médiévale", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Moyen Âge", "période médiévale", "Moyen Age", "ép médiévale", "époque médiévale"], "en": ["Medieval Period"], "es": ["ep medieval"], "it": ["età medievale"], "nl": ["middeleeuwen"], "de": ["Mittelalter"], "ar": ["العصور الوسطى"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}}, "p02chr4scv9": {"id": "p02chr4scv9", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtOA7J729U5c", "label": "Haut Moyen Âge", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Haut Moyen Age", "Haut Moyen-Age", "Haut-Moyen Age", "Haut-Moyen-Age", "Haut Moyen Âge"], "en": ["Early Middle Ages"], "es": ["Alto Medioevo"], "it": ["Alto Medioevo"], "de": ["Frühmittelalter"], "nl": ["vroege middeleeuwen"], "ar": ["العصور الوسطى الاولي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0999"}, "label": "999"}, "note": "Période historique qui commence en 476 par la chute du dernier empereur romain d'Occident, et s'achève en l'an 1000."}, "p02chr42kfm": {"id": "p02chr42kfm", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtcX8VinHMAs", "label": "VIe siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["6e siècle", "sixième siècle", "VIe siècle ap J-C", "VIe siècle après J-C", "VIe siècle"], "en": ["6th century"], "nl": ["6de eeuw"], "de": ["6. Jahrhundert"], "es": ["siglo VI"], "it": ["VI secolo"], "ar": ["القرن السادس"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0599"}, "label": "599"}, "note": "De l'an 501 à l'an 600."}, "p02chr43hrz": {"id": "p02chr43hrz", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtYYbnfUPzvA", "label": "VIIe siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["7e siècle", "septième siècle", "VIIe siècle ap J-C", "VIIe siècle après J-C", "VIIe siècle"], "en": ["7th century"], "nl": ["7de eeuw"], "de": ["7. Jahrhundert"], "es": ["siglo VII"], "it": ["VII secolo"], "ar": ["القرن السابع"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0699"}, "label": "699"}, "note": "De l'an 601 à l'an 700."}, "p02chr46f3h": {"id": "p02chr46f3h", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtOD0uWt4YFl", "label": "époque islamique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép islamique", "période islamique", "époque islamique"], "en": ["Islamic World"], "nl": ["Islamitische periode"], "de": ["Muslimische Dynastien"], "it": ["periodo islamico"], "es": ["período islámico"], "ar": ["الفترة الإسلامية"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0622"}, "label": "622"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "750"}}, "p02chr4x2n3": {"id": "p02chr4x2n3", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtcEukQfEDmu", "label": "époque des Omeyyades", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["époque des Umayyades", "ép des Umayyades", "Umayyades", "époque des Omeyyades"], "en": ["Umayyad era"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0661"}, "label": "661"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "750"}, "note": "époque du règne de la dynastie arabe des Omeyyades sur le monde musulman de 661 à 750.", "editorialNote": "English label not present in original source but required for data entry via http://Perio.do client. Obtained via Google translate"}, "p02chr4j88w": {"id": "p02chr4j88w", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtDZvr7Iohs1", "label": "VIIIe siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["8e siècle", "huitième siècle", "VIIIe siècle ap J-C", "VIIIe siècle après J-C", "VIIIe siècle"], "en": ["8th century"], "de": ["8. Jahrhundert"], "nl": ["8ste eeuw"], "es": ["siglo VIII"], "it": ["VIII secolo"], "ar": ["القرن الثامن"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0799"}, "label": "799"}, "note": "De l'an 701 à l'an 800."}, "p02chr43jbp": {"id": "p02chr43jbp", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtKZxpG0Sl0r", "label": "époque abbasside", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép abbasside", "califat abbasside", "Abbassides", "Dynastie des Abbassides", "époque abbasside"], "en": ["Abbasids"], "nl": ["Abbasiden"], "it": ["Abbasidi"], "es": ["Abbasíes"], "de": ["Abbassiden"], "ar": ["العصر العباسي"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "750"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1258"}, "label": "1258"}, "note": "Epoque du califat sunnite qui gouverna le monde musulman de 750 à 1258. Sous les Abbassides, le centre de gravité de l'islam se déplace de la Syrie vers l'Irak où une nouvelle capitale est fondée en 762 : Bagdad. (d'après Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4p6z7": {"id": "p02chr4p6z7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtw8LrIgx2Fa", "label": "IXe siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["9e siècle", "IXe siècle ap. J.-C.", "IXe siècle après J-C", "neuvième siècle", "IXe siècle"], "en": ["9th century"], "nl": ["9de eeuw"], "de": ["9. 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(Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr48tfr": {"id": "p02chr48tfr", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt2ttYsmEdhJ", "label": "XVIe siècle", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["16e siècle", "seizième siècle", "XVIe siècle"], "en": ["16th century"], "nl": ["16de eeuw"], "de": ["16. 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J.-C.-30 ap. J.-C. : du Prédynastique ancien à la mort de Cléopâtre."}, "p02chr4q5z6": {"id": "p02chr4q5z6", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtJnTIFOPswS", "label": "Atlantique (palynozone)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Atlantic", "Atlantic (period)"], "fr": ["Atlantique", "Atlantique (période)", "Atlantique (palynozone)"], "it": ["Atlantico (periodo)"], "es": ["Atlántico (período)"], "nl": ["Atlanticum"], "de": ["Atlantikum"], "ar": ["(أطلسي (فترة"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "-7500"}, "label": "-7500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3801"}, "label": "-3801"}, "note": "L'Atlantique est une palynozone et une chronozone de l'Holocène. Elle correspond à un optimum climatique entre -7500 et -3800. (Wikipédia)"}, "p02chr4zcss": {"id": "p02chr4zcss", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtMgESJ9F9Hp", "label": "Royaumes francs", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["ép franque", "époque franque", "Royaumes francs"], "en": ["Frankish Period"], "it": ["età dei Franchi"], "de": ["Frankenreich"], "nl": ["Frankische periode"], "es": ["período franco"], "ar": ["فترة الفرنجة"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "France", "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0899"}, "label": "899"}, "note": "Royaumes barbares qui se sont succédé ou ont cohabité en Europe occidentale (France, Belgique, Pays-Bas, Allemagne) après le déclin de l'Empire romain d'Occident et la conquête de ces territoires par les Francs au cours du Ve siècle. Ces royaumes ont perduré pendant tout le Haut Moyen Âge, du Ve au IXe siècle.(d'après Wikipédia)"}}, "source": {"title": "PACTOLS chronology periods used in DOLIA data", "yearPublished": "2021", "creators": [{"name": "INRAP: Institut National de Recherches Archeologiques Preventive"}], "url": "https://pactols.frantiq.fr/", "citation": "PACTOLS chronology periods used in DOLIA data"}, "editorialNote": "This is a subset of terms originating from the 'périodisation' hierarchy of PACTOLS thesaurus of the Frantiq network, representing terms frequently used in DOLIA data. For the full hierarchy see https://pactols.frantiq.fr/\nThis data is supplemented with dates supplied by INRAP for use in the ARIADNEplus project"}, "p0p53xq": {"id": "p0p53xq", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0p53xqfhhw": {"id": "p0p53xqfhhw", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pp. 51-52"}, "label": "Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q189", "label": "Iceland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iceland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0870"}, "label": "870"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1550"}, "label": "1550"}, "note": "The period is defined as starting with the settlement of Iceland c. 870 and ending with Reformation in 1550. ", "editorialNote": "The start date of 870 is a widely accepted but rough approximation of the settlement of Iceland.", "narrower": []}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/426386402", "title": "Inngangur að miðöldum", "yearPublished": "2007", "creators": [{"id": "http://viaf.org/viaf/90720646", "name": "Gunnar Karlsson"}]}}, "p0b4fss": {"id": "p0b4fss", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0b4fssncww": {"id": "p0b4fssncww", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Ch. 51, para. 2."}, "label": "Pre-Modern", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Modern"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q189", "label": "Iceland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iceland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0870"}, "label": "870"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1902"}, "label": "1902"}, "note": "“Nevertheless, the installation of an engine in the Stanley in 1902 began a new era in Icelandic history, since the successful mechanization of the Icelandic fishing fleet, which was to modernize the whole society and form the economic basis for the Icelandic welfare state followed from it.” Ch. 51, para. 2.\n\n", "editorialNote": "The start date of 870 is a widely accepted but rough approximation of the settlement of Iceland."}, "p0b4fss4hc6": {"id": "p0b4fss4hc6", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Ch. 51, para. 2."}, "label": "Modern", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q189", "label": "Iceland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iceland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1902"}, "label": "1902"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100"}, "note": "“Nevertheless, the installation of an engine in the Stanley in 1902 began a new era in Icelandic history, since the successful mechanization of the Icelandic fishing fleet, which was to modernize the whole society and form the economic basis for the Icelandic welfare state followed from it.” Ch. 51, para. 2."}, "p0b4fss9srm": {"id": "p0b4fss9srm", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "Ch. 56"}, "label": "WWII Occupation", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["WWII Occupation"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q189", "label": "Iceland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Iceland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1940"}, "label": "1940"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1946"}, "label": "1946"}, "note": "On 10th May 1940 Iceland was invaded by Britain. 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"stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1501", "latestYear": "1600"}, "label": "ca.16th century"}}, "p0fbfth6fnp": {"id": "p0fbfth6fnp", "type": "Period", "label": "Ryūkyū Kingdom", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["琉球王朝"], "en": ["Ryūkyū Kingdom"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q697589", "label": "Okinawa Islands"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Okinawa", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1401", "latestYear": "1500"}, "label": "ca.15th century"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1801", "latestYear": "1900"}, "label": "ca.19th century"}}, "p0fbfth7nz5": {"id": "p0fbfth7nz5", "type": "Period", "label": "Azuchi-Momoyama period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["安土桃山時代"], "en": ["Azuchi-Momoyama period"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13989", "label": "Honshu"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13987", "label": "Kyushu"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13991", "label": "Shikoku"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku", "start": {"in": {"year": "1573"}, "label": "1573"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "broader": "p0fbfth3t7b"}, "p0fbfth3t7b": {"id": "p0fbfth3t7b", "type": "Period", "label": "Early modern Japan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["近世"], "en": ["Early modern Japan"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13989", "label": "Honshu"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13987", "label": "Kyushu"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13991", "label": "Shikoku"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1501", "latestYear": "1600"}, "label": "ca.16th century"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1801", "latestYear": "1900"}, "label": "ca.19th century"}}, "p0fbfth2bf8": {"id": "p0fbfth2bf8", "type": "Period", "label": "Edo period ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["江戸時代"], "en": ["Edo period "]}, "broader": "p0fbfth3t7b", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13989", "label": "Honshu"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13987", "label": "Kyushu"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13991", "label": "Shikoku"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku", "start": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}}, "p0fbfthm36w": {"id": "p0fbfthm36w", "type": "Period", "label": "Modern Japan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["近代"], "en": ["Modern Japan"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "1801", "latestYear": "1900"}, "label": "ca.19th century"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1945"}, "label": "1945"}}, "p0fbfthh5ft": {"id": "p0fbfthh5ft", "type": "Period", "label": "Meiji era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["明治期"], "en": ["Meiji era"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "start": {"in": {"year": "1868"}, "label": "1868"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "broader": "p0fbfthm36w"}, "p0fbfthgpfh": {"id": "p0fbfthgpfh", "type": "Period", "label": "Taishō era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["大正期"], "en": ["Taishō era"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "start": {"in": {"year": "1912"}, "label": "1912"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1926"}, "label": "1926"}, "broader": "p0fbfthm36w"}, "p0fbfthncdz": {"id": "p0fbfthncdz", "type": "Period", "label": "Shōwa era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["昭和期"], "en": ["Shōwa era"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "start": {"in": {"year": "1926"}, "label": "1926"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1989"}, "label": "1989"}, "broader": "p0fbfthm36w"}, "p0fbfthbsr3": {"id": "p0fbfthbsr3", "type": "Period", "label": "Heisei era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["平成期"], "en": ["Heisei era"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "start": {"in": {"year": "1989"}, "label": "1989"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2019"}, "label": "2019"}}, "p0fbfthrjgj": {"id": "p0fbfthrjgj", "type": "Period", "label": "Reiwa era ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"ja": ["令和期"], "en": ["Reiwa era "]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q17", "label": "Japan"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Japan", "start": {"in": {"year": "2019"}, "label": "2019"}, "stop": {"label": "present"}}}, "source": {"title": "Style Manual for English Texts: General Conventions", "url": "http://doi.org/10.24484/sitereports.115465", "yearPublished": "2022", "creators": [{"name": "Rebekah Harmon"}, {"name": "Peter Yanase"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Frank Witkam"}, {"name": "Daniel Borengasser"}, {"name": "Melissa M. Rinne"}, {"name": "Mary Lewine"}, {"name": "Rachel Lam"}, {"name": "Ng HuiLin"}, {"name": "Hotaru Murakami"}, {"name": "Yūichi Takata"}, {"name": "Hiroko Yamaoka"}, {"name": "Kumi Ōte"}], "locator": "61"}, "editorialNote": "This source was compiled by the Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, one of the two state-level research institutes focusing on Japanese cultural heritage.\nSpatial definitions are not included in the original source, but were added after consulting with the editor of the work."}, "p06hps8": {"id": "p06hps8", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p06hps8pg6n": {"id": "p06hps8pg6n", "type": "Period", "label": "Prehistoric", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Prehistoric"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12699"}, "label": "12700 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}}, "p06hps8cb9h": {"id": "p06hps8cb9h", "type": "Period", "label": "Mesolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-7999"}, "label": "8000 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4000"}, "label": "4001 BC"}}, "p06hps84bgf": {"id": "p06hps84bgf", "type": "Period", "label": "Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "4000 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2500"}, "label": "2501 BC"}}, "p06hps8fk76": {"id": "p06hps8fk76", "type": "Period", "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chalcolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2499"}, "label": "2500 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "2201 BC"}}, "p06hps8vvgz": {"id": "p06hps8vvgz", "type": "Period", "label": "Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "2200 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "801 BC"}}, "p06hps8h2jd": {"id": "p06hps8h2jd", "type": "Period", "label": "Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "800 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0399"}, "label": "399 AD"}}, "p06hps8s33k": {"id": "p06hps8s33k", "type": "Period", "label": "Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mediaeval", "Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}}, "p06hps8t5bd": {"id": "p06hps8t5bd", "type": "Period", "label": "Early Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Mediaeval", "Early Medieval"]}, "broader": "p06hps8s33k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1099"}, "label": "1099 AD"}}, "p06hps8vftt": {"id": "p06hps8vftt", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mediaeval", "Late Medieval"]}, "broader": "p06hps8s33k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1599"}, "label": "1599 AD"}}, "p06hps8hv8z": {"id": "p06hps8hv8z", "type": "Period", "label": "Post Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post Mediaeval", "Post Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "1750 AD"}}, "p06hps833s3": {"id": "p06hps833s3", "type": "Period", "label": "Modern", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22890", "label": "Ireland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Island of Ireland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "1750 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000 AD"}}}, "source": {"title": "Archaeological periods for the island of Ireland", "yearPublished": "2022", "citation": "Archaeological periods for the island of Ireland", "contributors": [{"name": "Northern Ireland SMR"}], "creators": [{"name": "Carlin, Neil"}, {"name": "Hannah, Emma"}, {"name": "Corns, Anthony"}]}, "editorialNote": "This is not considered a definitive periodization of the archaeology of Ireland, but rather a tool to be developed for the standardisation across heritage inventories that cover the island of Ireland, and the C14 project undertaken by University College Dublin. Temporal boundaries have not been taken from any one source. Each of the Irish partners has provided a list of boundaries used in their inventories. These have been collated to come up with generic boundaries.\n\nThe periods list is used to reconcile named periods to date ranges in the ARIADNEplus project"}, "p0xxt6t": {"id": "p0xxt6t", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0xxt6t6phb": {"id": "p0xxt6t6phb", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/PA", "label": "Palaeolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleolithic", "Palaeolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tckrq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-500000"}, "label": "-500000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9800"}, "label": "-9800"}, "note": "The 'Old Stone Age' from the earliest appearance of man in the British Isles to the end of the last Ice Age around 10,000 years BCE."}, "p0xxt6th858": {"id": "p0xxt6th858", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/LPA", "label": "Lower Palaeolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic", "Lower Palaeolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t6phb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-500000"}, "label": "-500000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-300000"}, "label": "-300000"}, "note": "The period from the earliest evidence of human activity until approximately 300,000 years BCE."}, "p0xxt6t9vfp": {"id": "p0xxt6t9vfp", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/MPA", "label": "Middle Palaeolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic", "Middle Palaeolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t6phb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-300000"}, "label": "-300000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-45000"}, "label": "-45000"}, "note": "The period from around 300,000 BCE until approximately 45,000 BCE."}, "p0xxt6tm4mq": {"id": "p0xxt6tm4mq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/UPA", "label": "Upper Palaeolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic", "Upper Palaeolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t6phb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "-12000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9800"}, "label": "-9800"}, "note": "The 'Old Stone Age' from the earliest appearance of humans in Britain to the end of the last Ice Age around 10,000 years BCE. Characterized by the development of fine blade flint tools and projectile points made from bony materials."}, "p0xxt6twzn2": {"id": "p0xxt6twzn2", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/PR", "label": "Prehistoric", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Prehistoric"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-500000"}, "label": "-500000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "850"}, "note": "All periods up to the emergence of recorded history mainly known through archaeological research."}, "p0xxt6tckrq": {"id": "p0xxt6tckrq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/EPR", "label": "Early Prehistoric", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Prehistory", "Early Prehistoric"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twzn2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-500000"}, "label": "-500000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4000"}, "label": "-4000"}, "note": "For objects or monuments characteristic of hunter gatherer societies during the Palaeolithic (Old Stone Age) or Mesolithic but cannot be specifically assigned. Use more specific term where appropriate."}, "p0xxt6th5k2": {"id": "p0xxt6th5k2", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/LAT", "label": "Later Prehistoric", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Prehistory", "Late Prehistoric", "Later Prehistory", "Later Prehistoric"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twzn2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4300"}, "label": "-4300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800"}, "note": "For monuments or objects that can be identified only to a date range from the introduction of agriculture in the Neolithic to the Iron Age. Use more specific term where appropriate"}, "p0xxt6twj8n": {"id": "p0xxt6twj8n", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ME", "label": "Mesolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tckrq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9800"}, "label": "-9800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4000"}, "label": "-4000"}, "note": "The Middle Stone Age, falling between the Palaeolithic and the Neolithic; marks the beginning of a move from a hunter gatherer society towards food producing society."}, "p0xxt6t8p7d": {"id": "p0xxt6t8p7d", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/EME", "label": "Early Mesolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Mesolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twj8n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9800"}, "label": "-9800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-7000"}, "label": "-7000"}, "note": "The Early Mesolithic or 'Middle Stone Age' is characterised by mainly simple, relatively large microlith types made on broad blades."}, "p0xxt6t6x6g": {"id": "p0xxt6t6x6g", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/LME", "label": "Late Mesolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mesolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twj8n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-7000"}, "label": "-7000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4000"}, "label": "-4000"}, "note": "The Late Mesolithic is characterised by more elaborate stone tools including more elaborately retouched 'narrow blade' microliths and other edge-blunted forms.", "narrower": []}, "p0xxt6tprqq": {"id": "p0xxt6tprqq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/NE", "label": "Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6th5k2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4300"}, "label": "-4300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2500"}, "label": "-2500"}, "note": "The Neolithic, or New Stone Age, sees the transition from hunter gatherer economies to farming. Monumental architecture, including chambered cairns, develops. Pottery is first used and stone tool technologies become more sophisticated."}, "p0xxt6td8mf": {"id": "p0xxt6td8mf", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ENE", "source": {"locator": ""}, "label": "Early Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tprqq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4300"}, "label": "-4300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3500"}, "label": "-3500"}, "note": "The earliest subdivision of the Neolithic. Characterised include large rectangular houses, cursus monuments. Burial monuments include long and round barrows and cairns. The first pottery forms appear and artefact types include polished stone axeheads."}, "p0xxt6tjhnf": {"id": "p0xxt6tjhnf", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/MNE", "label": "Middle Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tprqq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3500"}, "label": "-3500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2900"}, "label": "-2900"}, "note": "The second subdivision of the Neolithic, or New Stone Age."}, "p0xxt6t83m8": {"id": "p0xxt6t83m8", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/LNE", "label": "Late Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tprqq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3000"}, "label": "-3000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2500"}, "label": "-2500"}, "note": "The third subdivision of the Neolithic sees the widespread appearance of novel burial practices and novel material culture, including Grooved Ware pottery, carved stone balls and maceheads. Monument types include Stone Circles and Henges, and rock art."}, "p0xxt6tcq9w": {"id": "p0xxt6tcq9w", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/CH", "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Copper Age", "Eneolithic", "Chalcolithic"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm9kq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2500"}, "label": "-2500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "-2200"}, "note": "The transitional period at the end of the Neolithic when metal is first used to make tools and weapons. New burial rites and artefacts appear at the same time as these copper implements appear."}, "p0xxt6tfv6h": {"id": "p0xxt6tfv6h", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/BA", "label": "Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6th5k2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "-2200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "note": "After the Neolithic and the first use of metal in the Chalcolithic, the Bronze Age is defined by advances in metal working to produce durable Bronze tools and weapons, accompanied by societal change. New architectural styles and burial practices appear."}, "p0xxt6tm9kq": {"id": "p0xxt6tm9kq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/EBA", "label": "Early Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tfv6h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "-2200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1500"}, "label": "-1500"}, "note": "The earliest subdivision of the Bronze Age often defined by artefact types. Pottery includes late Beakers, Food vessels, Collared and Cordoned Urns while the metal work evolves from simple to more complex forms."}, "p0xxt6t9k7t": {"id": "p0xxt6t9k7t", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/MBA", "label": "Middle Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tfv6h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1500"}, "label": "-1500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "-1100"}, "note": "The second subdivision of the Bronze Age. New forms of metalwork appear, including louped spearheads, dirks and rapiers. Bucket urns appear in the pottery record."}, "p0xxt6tq2d4": {"id": "p0xxt6tq2d4", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/LBA", "label": "Late Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tfv6h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "-1100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "note": "The third and latest subdivision of the Bronze Age. The earliest hillforts appear. Sophisticated metal working forms emerge including sheet metal working and complex casting processes. Flat-rimmed ware appears in the pottery record."}, "p0xxt6tvdbz": {"id": "p0xxt6tvdbz", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/IA", "label": "Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6th5k2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "note": "Tribal centres and elites appear in society at the end of the Bronze Age. There is a wide range of monumental buildings including brochs, duns and crannogs. Iron is used for tool making. The fall of Rome traditionally marks the end of the period."}, "p0xxt6t63pd": {"id": "p0xxt6t63pd", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/EIA", "label": "Early Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Earlier Iron Age", "Early Iron Age"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tvdbz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "-300"}, "note": "The earliest subdivision of the Iron Age in Scotland."}, "p0xxt6t84qd": {"id": "p0xxt6t84qd", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/MIA", "label": "Middle Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Iron Age"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tvdbz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "-300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "note": "The second subdivision of the Iron Age in Scotland."}, "p0xxt6txnf5": {"id": "p0xxt6txnf5", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/LIA", "label": "Late Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Later Iron Age", "Late Iron Age"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tvdbz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "note": "The third sub-division of the Iron Age in Scotland. The label is applied variously to the last part of the Iron Age up to the end of the Roman incursions or from the end of the Roman incursions to the 9th Century Norse incursions."}, "p0xxt6twpmn": {"id": "p0xxt6twpmn", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/LON", "label": "Long Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Long Iron Age"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6th5k2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800"}, "note": "The Long Iron Age reflects the continuity and evolution of society, breaking down the perceived barriers between the Late Bronze Age, the Iron Age and much of the Early Medieval Period ending with the Norse incursions of the 9th century.", "editorialNote": "ScARF Iron Age Panel recognises a Long Iron Age breaking down the perceived barriers between the Late Bronze Age, the Iron Age and the Early Medieval periods"}, "p0xxt6t4d5t": {"id": "p0xxt6t4d5t", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/RO", "label": "Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0075"}, "label": "75"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "note": "A term applied to physical traces of the Roman military incursions into Scotland and objects made within the Roman Republic or Empire from the late 1st century until the 4th century BCE.", "narrower": ["p0xxt6t8hwq", "p0xxt6tkpj3", "p0xxt6t7c6j"]}, "p0xxt6t8hwq": {"id": "p0xxt6t8hwq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ROFL", "label": "Flavian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Flavian"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t4d5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0096"}, "label": "96"}, "note": "Referring to the Flavian dynasty who were Emperors of Rome in 69-96 BCE. In Scotland, evidence usually dates from the early 70s until the mid 80s CE."}, "p0xxt6tkpj3": {"id": "p0xxt6tkpj3", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ROAN", "label": "Antonine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antonine"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t4d5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0138"}, "label": "138"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0192"}, "label": "192"}, "note": "The Antonine dynasty were Emperors of Rome between 138 and 192 CE. In Scotland the period covers Roman reoccupation in Scotland including the construction of the Antonine Wall in the early 140s until its abandonment in the early 160 CEs."}, "p0xxt6t7c6j": {"id": "p0xxt6t7c6j", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ROSE", "label": "Severan", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Severan"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t4d5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0208"}, "label": "208"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0211"}, "label": "211"}, "note": "Referring to the Severan dynasty who were Emperors of Rome in 193-235 C.E. In Scotland, Severan relates to the campaigns of the Emperor Septimius Severus and his sons between 208-211 C.E"}, "p0xxt6t6gdv": {"id": "p0xxt6t6gdv", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/PRO", "label": "Post Roman", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post-Roman", "Post Roman"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0401"}, "label": "401"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900"}, "note": "Loosely defined as the centuries after the breakdown of the Roman Empire."}, "p0xxt6tghvr": {"id": "p0xxt6tghvr", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/PI", "label": "Pictish", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pictish"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6txnf5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "850"}, "note": "A cultural term derived from Picti - painted or tattooed people - was applied by the Romans to the peoples living north of the Forth and Clyde rivers. The distinctive art of the Symbol Stones documents the adoption of Christianity."}, "p0xxt6tt3rz": {"id": "p0xxt6tt3rz", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/NO", "label": "Norse", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Norse"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tw9j7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "850"}, "stop": {"label": "1470", "in": {"earliestYear": "1263", "latestYear": "1470"}}, "note": "A cultural term applied to areas settled by  and often territory controlled by the Norse. The term may be applied to place-names, monument types and artefacts. For much of Scotland Norse rule ended after the Battle of Largs in 1263 but continued until 1470 in the Northern Isles"}, "p0xxt6twqtp": {"id": "p0xxt6twqtp", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/VK", "label": "Viking", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Viking"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0751"}, "label": "751"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "note": "Defined as the period of initial settlement following on from a period of Viking (raiding) activities and initial contact.", "broader": "p0xxt6tw9j7"}, "p0xxt6tz8r6": {"id": "p0xxt6tz8r6", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/SA", "label": "Saxon", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Saxon"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tw9j7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "410"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "note": "A cultural term. It is applied to the distinctive culture and artistic styles that evolved from the merging of native traditions with those of Germanic tribes who had migrated from northern Europe."}, "p0xxt6tb6hk": {"id": "p0xxt6tb6hk", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ASA", "label": "Anglo-Saxon", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglo Saxon", "Anglo-Saxon"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tw9j7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0410"}, "label": "410"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "note": "Both a political and cultural term: applied to the distinctive culture and artistic styles that evolved from the merging of native traditions with those of Germanic tribes who had migrated from northern Europe.", "editorialNote": "Comment in 2022-05-20 dataset:\n\"Changed to non-preferred term in Feb 2021. A-S is not used as a period indexing term within other historic environment records in Scotland. The term has also been appropriated by white supremacists in recent years. It can still be used in free text.\""}, "p0xxt6t42wg": {"id": "p0xxt6t42wg", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/AN", "label": "Anglian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Anglian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "note": "A cultural term for groups of people from northern Germany who occupied large parts of eastern England after the Romans left. The Anglian kingdom of Northumbria included much of the eastern side of Scotland up to the Firth of Forth.", "broader": "p0xxt6tw9j7", "narrower": []}, "p0xxt6tv5hn": {"id": "p0xxt6tv5hn", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/MD", "label": "Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mediaeval", "Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1093"}, "label": "1093"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "note": "The Medieval period or Middle Ages arbitrarily begins with the death of Malcolm III Canmore in 1093 until James VI inherited the English throne in 1603."}, "p0xxt6tw9j7": {"id": "p0xxt6tw9j7", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/EM", "label": "Early Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Mediaeval", "Dark Age", "Early Medieval"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t6gdv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100"}, "note": "Early medieval Scotland can be defined by the adoption of Christianity and emergence of identity from cultural groupings leading to state formation after the end of the Roman Empire. Overlaps with the end of the Long Iron Age."}, "p0xxt6tn4qt": {"id": "p0xxt6tn4qt", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/LEM", "label": "Late Early Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Early Mediaeval", "Late Early Medieval"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tw9j7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100"}, "note": "Used in some areas to describe the transition from the Long Iron Age to the Medieval period, following the Norse invasions of the 9th century"}, "p0xxt6t8995": {"id": "p0xxt6t8995", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/PM", "label": "Post Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Post-Medieval", "Post Mediaeval", "Post-Mediaeval", "Post Medieval"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1603"}, "label": "1603"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900"}, "note": "Arbitrarily commences with the accession of James VI to the English throne until the start of the 20th century."}, "p0xxt6tnp85": {"id": "p0xxt6tnp85", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/GEO", "label": "Georgian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Regency", "Georgian"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t8995", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1714"}, "label": "1714"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837"}, "note": "Dating to the reign of Kings George I, George II, George III, George IV, covering the overall period 1714 CE to 1830-37 CE"}, "p0xxt6t65q7": {"id": "p0xxt6t65q7", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/VIC", "label": "Victorian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Victorian"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t8995", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1837"}, "label": "1837"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "note": "Dating to the reign of Queen Victoria"}, "p0xxt6tz7pb": {"id": "p0xxt6tz7pb", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/IND", "label": "Industrial", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Industrial"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t8995", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "1750"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "1850"}, "note": "Industrial relates to the mechanisation of manufacturing process, following the Industrial Revolution in the mid 18th century."}, "p0xxt6t42qz": {"id": "p0xxt6t42qz", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/WW1", "label": "First World War", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["World War 1", "World War I", "WW1", "WWI", "1st World War", "World War I Period", "First World War"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t7pws", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919"}, "note": "Used to record buildings, defensive monuments and sites dating to, and associated with, the First World War. For other types of building, such as houses, built during this period use EARLY 20TH CENTURY."}, "p0xxt6tjs2g": {"id": "p0xxt6tjs2g", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/WW2", "label": "Second World War", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["2nd World War", "WW2", "WWII", "World War 2", "World War II", "World War II Period", "Second World War"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t7pws", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1939"}, "label": "1939"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1946"}, "label": "1946"}, "note": "Used to record buildings, defensive monuments and sites dating to, and associated with, the Second World War. For other types of building, such as houses, built during this period use MID 20TH CENTURY."}, "p0xxt6tc4c4": {"id": "p0xxt6tc4c4", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/CR", "label": "Crofting", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Crofting"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t8995", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "1850"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100"}, "note": "A system of working the land through small holdings called crofts. Following the highland clearances and the 1884 Crofters War, the Crofters Holdings (Scotland) Act 1886, or Crofters' Charter, granted crofters' rights over rents, security of tenure etc."}, "p0xxt6tzvx3": {"id": "p0xxt6tzvx3", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/PIMP", "label": "Pre-Improvement", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre improvement", "Pre-clearance", "Pre clearance", "Pre-Improvement"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t8995", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1058"}, "label": "1058"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800"}, "note": "In Archaeology, largely applied to traces of the rural settlement and landscape documented or surviving the sweeping agricultural changes of the Age of Improvement. Indicate using the date range MEDIEVAL - 18TH CENTURY"}, "p0xxt6trbkv": {"id": "p0xxt6trbkv", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/IMP", "label": "Improvement", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Age of Improvement", "Improvement"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t8995", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "1750"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "1850"}, "note": "Between about 1750 and 1850 rural, urban commercial and industrial Scotland underwent a dramatic transformation modernising society.\nUse a range of 18th - 19th century instead of this term."}, "p0xxt6tm5h4": {"id": "p0xxt6tm5h4", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ALPIN", "label": "House of Alpin", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Alpin"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0848"}, "label": "848"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1034"}, "label": "1034"}}, "p0xxt6tqggs": {"id": "p0xxt6tqggs", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ALPIN1", "label": "Amlaib", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Amlaib"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm5h4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0973"}, "label": "973"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0977"}, "label": "977"}, "note": "King of the House of Alpin."}, "p0xxt6tst7r": {"id": "p0xxt6tst7r", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ALPIN2", "label": "Kenneth II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kenneth II"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm5h4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0971"}, "label": "971"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0995"}, "label": "995"}, "note": "King of the House of Alpin"}, "p0xxt6t76rz": {"id": "p0xxt6t76rz", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ALPIN3", "label": "Constantine III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine III"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm5h4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0995"}, "label": "995"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0997"}, "label": "997"}, "note": "King of the House of Alpin"}, "p0xxt6tdpcg": {"id": "p0xxt6tdpcg", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ALPIN4", "label": "Kenneth III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kenneth III"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm5h4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0997"}, "label": "997"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1005"}, "label": "1005"}, "note": "King of the House of Alpin"}, "p0xxt6t3xg6": {"id": "p0xxt6t3xg6", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/ALPIN5", "label": "Malcolm II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Malcolm II"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm5h4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1005"}, "label": "1005"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1034"}, "label": "1034"}, "note": "King of the House of Alpin"}, "p0xxt6twfcr": {"id": "p0xxt6twfcr", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD", "label": "House of Dunkeld", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["House of Dunkeld"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1034"}, "label": "1034"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1286"}, "label": "1286"}}, "p0xxt6tgzfk": {"id": "p0xxt6tgzfk", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD1", "label": "Duncan I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Duncan I"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1034"}, "label": "1034"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1040"}, "label": "1040"}, "note": "King of the House of Dunkeld"}, "p0xxt6t32pg": {"id": "p0xxt6t32pg", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD2", "label": "Macbeth", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Macbeth"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1040"}, "label": "1040"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1057"}, "label": "1057"}, "note": "King of the House of Dunkeld"}, "p0xxt6tj5hn": {"id": "p0xxt6tj5hn", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD3", "label": "Lulach", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lulach"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1057"}, "label": "1057"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1058"}, "label": "1058"}, "note": "King of the House of Dunkeld", "narrower": []}, "p0xxt6t25rm": {"id": "p0xxt6t25rm", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD4", "label": "Malcolm III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Malcolm III"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1058"}, "label": "1058"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1093"}, "label": "1093"}, "note": "King of the House of Dunkeld"}, "p0xxt6tdtch": {"id": "p0xxt6tdtch", "type": "Period", "label": "Donald III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Donald Bane", "Donald III"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1093"}, "label": "1093"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1097"}, "label": "1097"}}, "p0xxt6t4f54": {"id": "p0xxt6t4f54", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD6", "label": "Duncan II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Duncan II"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1094"}, "label": "1094"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1094"}, "label": "1094"}, "note": "King of the House of Dunkeld"}, "p0xxt6tbn8v": {"id": "p0xxt6tbn8v", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD7", "label": "Edgar", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Edgar"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1097"}, "label": "1097"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1107"}, "label": "1107"}, "note": "King of the House of Dunkeld"}, "p0xxt6t9rmd": {"id": "p0xxt6t9rmd", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD8", "label": "Alexander I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexander I"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1107"}, "label": "1107"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1124"}, "label": "1124"}, "note": "King of the House of Dunkeld"}, "p0xxt6t2tx2": {"id": "p0xxt6t2tx2", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD9", "label": "David I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["David I"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1124"}, "label": "1124"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1153"}, "label": "1153"}, "note": "King of the House of Dunkeld"}, "p0xxt6tm867": {"id": "p0xxt6tm867", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/DUNKELD10", "label": "Malcolm IV", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Maiden", "Malcolm IV"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twfcr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], 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"p0xxt6t7t32"}, "p0xxt6t78jq": {"id": "p0xxt6t78jq", "type": "Period", "label": "Robert III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Robert III"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1390"}, "label": "1390"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1406"}, "label": "1406"}, "note": "King of the House of Stewart", "narrower": []}, "p0xxt6tqjgb": {"id": "p0xxt6tqjgb", "type": "Period", "label": "Ahrensburgian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ahrensburgian"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm4mq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-10800"}, "label": "-10800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9800"}, "label": "-9800"}, "note": "In Scotland, an Upper Palaeolithic lithic industry characterised by mostly symmetrically tanged points, smaller than Hamburgian points and obliquely blunted pointed Zonhoven points. Some arrowheads have an oblique truncation but many are unmodified.", "editorialNote": "Requested by Perth and Kinross Archaeological Research Framework\nSources:\nBalin, T.B. 2017. Beyond Howburn: the new Scottish Late Upper Palaeolithic, British Archaeology, November – December 2017, 26-31\nBalin, T.B. 2017. Lithic Assemblages. A guide to processing, analysis and interpretation. BAJR Guide 49"}, "p0xxt6tdcq4": {"id": "p0xxt6tdcq4", "type": "Period", "label": "Federmesser", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Federmesser"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm4mq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "-12000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-10800"}, "label": "-10800"}, "note": "In Scotland, an Upper Palaeolithic lithic industry characterised by backed points; most are straight backed but some are curved or angle backed. Tanged points are absent.", "editorialNote": "Requested by Perth and Kinross Archaeological Research Framework\nSources:\nBalin, T.B. 2017. Beyond Howburn: the new Scottish Late Upper Palaeolithic, British Archaeology, November – December 2017, 26-31\nBalin, T.B. 2017. Lithic Assemblages. A guide to processing, analysis and interpretation. BAJR Guide 49"}, "p0xxt6tgkhb": {"id": "p0xxt6tgkhb", "type": "Period", "label": "Fosna-Hensbacka", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Fosna-Hensbacka"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm4mq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-10800"}, "label": "-10800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9800"}, "label": "-9800"}, "note": "In Scotland, an Upper Palaeolithic lithic industry characterised by single-edged points many made with the microburin technique   whose fully retouched side may by curved as well as angled.", "editorialNote": "Requested by Perth and Kinross Archaeological Research Framework\nSources:\nBalin, T.B. 2017. Beyond Howburn: the new Scottish Late Upper Palaeolithic, British Archaeology, November – December 2017, 26-31\nBalin, T.B. 2017. Lithic Assemblages. A guide to processing, analysis and interpretation. BAJR Guide 49"}, "p0xxt6tqsc8": {"id": "p0xxt6tqsc8", "type": "Period", "label": "Hamburgian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hamburgian"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tm4mq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-12700"}, "label": "-12700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-12000"}, "label": "-12000"}, "note": "In Scotland, an Upper Palaeolithic lithic industry characterised by Shouldered Points in the earlier Hamburgian with asymmetrical tangs, notch and spur and obliquely truncated tips known as Havelte points in the Later Hamburgian.", "editorialNote": "Requested by Perth and Kinross Archaeological Research Framework\nSources:\nBalin, T.B. 2017. Beyond Howburn: the new Scottish Late Upper Palaeolithic, British Archaeology, November – December 2017, 26-31\nBalin, T.B. 2017. Lithic Assemblages. A guide to processing, analysis and interpretation. BAJR Guide 49"}, "p0xxt6tkrm6": {"id": "p0xxt6tkrm6", "type": "Period", "label": "James I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James I"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twn75", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1406"}, "label": "1406"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1437"}, "label": "1437"}, "note": "King of the House of Stewart."}, "p0xxt6txxgh": {"id": "p0xxt6txxgh", "type": "Period", "label": "James II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James II"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twn75", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1437"}, "label": "1437"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1460"}, "label": "1460"}, "note": "King of the House of Stewart."}, "p0xxt6tpgzq": {"id": "p0xxt6tpgzq", "type": "Period", "label": "James III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James III"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twn75", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1460"}, "label": "1460"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1488"}, "label": "1488"}, "note": "King of the House of Stewart."}, "p0xxt6tqvsb": {"id": "p0xxt6tqvsb", "type": "Period", "label": "James IV", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James IV"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twn75", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1488"}, "label": "1488"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1513"}, "label": "1513"}, "note": "King of the House of Stewart."}, "p0xxt6tf7dm": {"id": "p0xxt6tf7dm", "type": "Period", "label": "James V", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James V"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twn75", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1513"}, "label": "1513"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1542"}, "label": "1542"}, "note": "King of the House of Stewart."}, "p0xxt6tr44g": {"id": "p0xxt6tr44g", "type": "Period", "label": "James VI", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["James VI"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twn75", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1625"}, "label": "1625"}, "note": "King of the House of Stewart. Also James I of England."}, "p0xxt6tjk5s": {"id": "p0xxt6tjk5s", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Roman Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Roman Iron Age"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0069"}, "label": "69"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "note": "Synonymous with Middle Iron Age"}, "p0xxt6tfj39": {"id": "p0xxt6tfj39", "type": "Period", "label": "Mary", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mary"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6twn75", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1542"}, "label": "1542"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1567"}, "label": "1567"}, "note": "Queen of the House of Stewart. Known as Mary, Queen of Scots."}, "p0xxt6t7t32": {"id": "p0xxt6t7t32", "type": "Period", "label": "Modern", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100"}, "note": "Non-preferred term for monuments and objects from the start of the 20th century to the present. Use the specific century."}, "p0xxt6t6tsq": {"id": "p0xxt6t6tsq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/E01", "label": "Early 1st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early First Century", "Early 1st Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6trf54", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "1", "in": {"year": "0001"}}, "stop": {"label": "40", "in": {"earliestYear": "0030", "latestYear": "0040"}}, "note": "Early part of the 1st century CE"}, "p0xxt6tsmcd": {"id": "p0xxt6tsmcd", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/M01", "label": "Mid 1st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid First Century", "Mid 1st Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6trf54", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "30", "in": {"earliestYear": "0030", "latestYear": "0040"}}, "stop": {"label": "70", "in": {"earliestYear": "0060", "latestYear": "0070"}}, "note": "Mid part of the 1st century CE"}, "p0xxt6t2v7c": {"id": "p0xxt6t2v7c", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/L01", "label": "Late 1st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late First Century", "Late 1st Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6trf54", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "60", "in": {"earliestYear": "0060", "latestYear": "0070"}}, "stop": {"label": "100", "in": {"year": "0100"}}, "note": "Late part of the 1st century CE"}, "p0xxt6tj3fj": {"id": "p0xxt6tj3fj", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/E02", "label": "Early 2nd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Second Century", "Early 2nd Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t4mfr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0101"}, "label": "101"}, "stop": {"label": "140", "in": {"earliestYear": "0130", "latestYear": "0140"}}, "note": "Early part of the 2nd century CE"}, "p0xxt6thb5r": {"id": "p0xxt6thb5r", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/M02", "label": "Mid 2nd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Second Century", "Mid 2nd Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t4mfr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "130", "in": {"earliestYear": "0130", "latestYear": "0140"}}, "stop": {"label": "170", "in": {"earliestYear": "0160", "latestYear": "0170"}}, "note": "Mid part of the 2nd century CE"}, "p0xxt6thpq4": {"id": "p0xxt6thpq4", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/L02", "label": "Late 2nd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Second Century", "Late 2nd Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t4mfr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "160", "in": {"earliestYear": "0160", "latestYear": "0170"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200"}, "note": "Late part of the 2nd century CE"}, "p0xxt6ttf75": {"id": "p0xxt6ttf75", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/E03", "label": "Early 3rd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Third Century", "Early 3rd Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6th22s", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "201"}, "stop": {"label": "240", "in": {"earliestYear": "0230", "latestYear": "0240"}}, "note": "Early part of the 3rd century CE"}, "p0xxt6t75jx": {"id": "p0xxt6t75jx", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/M03", "label": "Mid 3rd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Third Century", "Mid 3rd Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6th22s", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "230", "in": {"earliestYear": "0230", "latestYear": "0240"}}, "stop": {"label": "270", "in": {"earliestYear": "0260", "latestYear": "0270"}}, "note": "Mid part of the 3rd century CE"}, "p0xxt6t8qgq": {"id": "p0xxt6t8qgq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/L03", "label": "Late 3rd Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Third Century", "Late 3rd Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6th22s", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "260", "in": {"earliestYear": "0260", "latestYear": "0270"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "note": "Late part of the 3rd century CE"}, "p0xxt6th947": {"id": "p0xxt6th947", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/E04", "label": "Early 4th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Fourth Century", "Early 4th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tb53r", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0301"}, "label": "301"}, "stop": {"label": "340", "in": {"earliestYear": "0330", "latestYear": "0340"}}, "note": "Early part of the 4th century CE"}, "p0xxt6t469g": {"id": "p0xxt6t469g", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/M04", "label": "Mid 4th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Fourth Century", "Mid 4th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tb53r", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "330", "in": {"earliestYear": "0330", "latestYear": "0340"}}, "stop": {"label": "370", "in": {"earliestYear": "0360", "latestYear": "0370"}}, "note": "Mid part of the 4th century CE"}, "p0xxt6tww6n": {"id": "p0xxt6tww6n", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/L04", "label": "Late 4th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Fourth Century", "Late 4th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tb53r", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "360", "in": {"earliestYear": "0360", "latestYear": "0370"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "note": "Late part of the 4th century CE"}, "p0xxt6t33jj": {"id": "p0xxt6t33jj", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/E05", "label": "Early 5th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Fifth Century", "Early 5th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tsph4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "0401"}, "label": "401"}, "stop": {"label": "440", "in": {"earliestYear": "0430", "latestYear": "0440"}}, "note": "Early part of the 5th century CE"}, "p0xxt6t493g": {"id": "p0xxt6t493g", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/M05", "label": "Mid 5th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Fifth Century", "Mid 5th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tsph4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "430", "in": {"earliestYear": "0430", "latestYear": "0440"}}, "stop": {"label": "470", "in": {"earliestYear": "0460", "latestYear": "0470"}}, "note": "Mid part of the 5th century CE"}, "p0xxt6trcvh": {"id": "p0xxt6trcvh", "type": "Period", "url": 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{"id": "p0xxt6t6sxn", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/L18", "label": "Late 18th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Eighteenth Century", "Late 18th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6tdhm8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "1760", "in": {"earliestYear": "1760", "latestYear": "1770"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800"}, "note": "Late part of the 18th century CE"}, "p0xxt6tmwws": {"id": "p0xxt6tmwws", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/E19", "label": "Early 19th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Nineteenth Century", "Early 19th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t7hbr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": 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"http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/L19", "label": "Late 19th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Nineteenth Century", "Late 19th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t7hbr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "1860", "in": {"earliestYear": "1860", "latestYear": "1870"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900"}, "note": "Late part of the 19th century CE"}, "p0xxt6t4pzq": {"id": "p0xxt6t4pzq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/E20", "label": "Early 20th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Twentieth Century", "Early 20th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t7pws", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "stop": {"label": "1940", "in": {"earliestYear": "1930", "latestYear": "1940"}}, "note": "Early part of the 20th century CE"}, "p0xxt6thmmp": {"id": "p0xxt6thmmp", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/M20", "label": "Mid 20th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Twentieth Century", "Mid 20th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t7pws", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "1930", "in": {"earliestYear": "1930", "latestYear": "1940"}}, "stop": {"label": "1970", "in": {"earliestYear": "1960", "latestYear": "1970"}}, "note": "Mid part of the 20th century CE"}, "p0xxt6tsnrw": {"id": "p0xxt6tsnrw", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/L20", "label": "Late 20th Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Twentieth Century", "Late 20th Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t7pws", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "1960", "in": {"earliestYear": "1960", "latestYear": "1970"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000"}, "note": "Late part of the 20th century CE"}, "p0xxt6t58d4": {"id": "p0xxt6t58d4", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/E21", "label": "Early 21st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Twenty First Century", "Early Twenty-First Century", "Early 21st Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t5sw5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"in": {"year": "2001"}, "label": "2001"}, "stop": {"label": "2040", "in": {"earliestYear": "2030", "latestYear": "2040"}}, "note": "Early part of the 21st century CE"}, "p0xxt6tbczq": {"id": "p0xxt6tbczq", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/M21", "label": "Mid 21st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mid Twenty First Century", "Mid Twenty-First Century", "Mid 21st Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t5sw5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "2030", "in": {"earliestYear": "2030", "latestYear": "2040"}}, "stop": {"label": "2070", "in": {"earliestYear": "2060", "latestYear": "2070"}}, "note": "Mid part of the 21st century CE"}, "p0xxt6tz6zf": {"id": "p0xxt6tz6zf", "type": "Period", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa/concepts/L21", "label": "Late 21st Century", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Twenty First Century", "Late Twenty-First Century", "Late 21st Century"]}, "broader": "p0xxt6t5sw5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22", "label": "Scotland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Scotland", "start": {"label": "2060", "in": {"earliestYear": "2060", "latestYear": "2070"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100"}, "note": "Late part of the 21st century CE"}}, "source": {"title": "Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages (ScAPA)", "yearPublished": "2018", "url": "http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/scapa", "creators": [{"name": "Historic Environment Scotland"}], "citation": "Scottish Archaeological Periods & Ages (ScAPA)", "contributors": [{"name": "Aberdeenshire HER"}, {"name": "Dumfries & Galloway HER"}, {"name": "East & Midlothian HER"}, {"name": "Highlands HER"}, {"name": "Perth & Kinross HER"}, {"name": "Shetland HER"}, {"name": "Stirling HER"}]}, "editorialNote": "Period data compiled as part of the ScAPA project and published as Linked Open Data. The ScAPA project was funded by Historic Environment Scotland, implemented by University of South Wales.\nThis dataset is based on the original compiled and published data, supplemented and revised according to more recent (May 2022) updates provided by HES."}, "p0s8v2s": {"id": "p0s8v2s", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0s8v2sb4qm": {"id": "p0s8v2sb4qm", "type": "Period", "url": "http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/25425", "source": {"locator": "page 83"}, "label": "Presencia Inca", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Inca Presence"], "es": ["Presencia Inca"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "1475"}, "label": "1475 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1536"}, "label": "1536 AD"}}, "p0s8v2s5ptj": {"id": "p0s8v2s5ptj", "type": "Period", "url": "http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/25425", "source": {"locator": "Page 83"}, "label": "Época Colonial", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Colonial Period"], "es": ["Época Colonial"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1768"}, "label": "1768 AD"}}}, "source": {"citation": "Schobinger, J. (1971). Arqueología del Valle de Uspallata. Provincia de Mendoza (sinopsis preliminar). Relaciones de la Sociedad Argentina de Antropología, 5(2), 71-84.", "title": "Arqueología del Valle de Uspallata. 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"http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Proto-Producers Stage"], "es": ["Etapa de proto-productores"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2050"}, "label": "4000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0350"}, "label": "2300 BP"}}, "p08nkj8nqvv": {"id": "p08nkj8nqvv", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 12"}, "label": "Atuel III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Atuel III"], "es": ["Atuel III"]}, "broader": "p08nkj8rrj5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1999"}, "label": "2000 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0349"}, "label": "350 BC"}}, "p08nkj85hdc": {"id": "p08nkj85hdc", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 13"}, "label": "Etapa de Productores de Alimentos", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Food-Producers Stage"], "es": ["Etapa de Productores de Alimentos"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "2250 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0250"}, "label": "250 AD"}}, "p08nkj8bwsk": {"id": "p08nkj8bwsk", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 13"}, "label": "Atuel II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Atuel II"], "es": ["Atuel II"]}, "broader": "p08nkj85hdc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "300 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100 AD"}}, "p08nkj8jv5b": {"id": "p08nkj8jv5b", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pages 14-17"}, "label": "Etapa Agroalfarera", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Agropotter Stage"], "es": ["Etapa Agroalfarera"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "0"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1551"}, "label": "1551 AD"}}, "p08nkj8vj8v": {"id": "p08nkj8vj8v", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 14"}, "label": "Período Temprano", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Period"], "es": ["Período Temprano"]}, "broader": "p08nkj8jv5b", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "0"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0650"}, "label": "650 AD"}}, "p08nkj8kj84": {"id": "p08nkj8kj84", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 14"}, "label": "Período Medio", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Period"], "es": ["Período Medio"]}, "broader": "p08nkj8jv5b", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "0650"}, "label": "650 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0950"}, "label": "950 AD"}}, "p08nkj8kpks": {"id": "p08nkj8kpks", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 16"}, "label": "Período Tardío", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Period"], "es": ["Período Tardío"]}, "broader": "p08nkj8jv5b", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1450"}, "label": "1450 AD"}}, "p08nkj839pq": {"id": "p08nkj839pq", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 17"}, "label": "Período Inca", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Inca Period"], "es": ["Período Inca"]}, "broader": "p08nkj8jv5b", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "1480"}, "label": "1480 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1551"}, "label": "1551 AD"}}, "p08nkj86vsf": {"id": "p08nkj86vsf", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pages 17-18"}, "label": "Etapa de Expansión Mercantilista", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mercantilist Expansion Stage"], "es": ["Etapa de Expansión Mercantilista"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "1551"}, "label": "1551 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1875"}, "label": "1875"}}, "p08nkj858mb": {"id": "p08nkj858mb", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 17"}, "label": "Período Hispano-Indígena", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hispanic-Indigenous Period"], "es": ["Período Hispano-Indígena"]}, "broader": "p08nkj86vsf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "1551"}, "label": "1551 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1650"}, "label": "1650 AD"}}, "p08nkj8s4q6": {"id": "p08nkj8s4q6", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 18"}, "label": "Período Colonial Tardío", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Colonial Period"], "es": ["Período Colonial Tardío"]}, "broader": "p08nkj86vsf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "1650"}, "label": "1650 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "1750 AD"}}, "p08nkj8j85w": {"id": "p08nkj8j85w", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 18"}, "label": "Período Histórico Institucional Temprano", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Institutional Historical Period"], "es": ["Período Histórico Institucional Temprano"]}, "broader": "p08nkj86vsf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "1750"}, "label": "1750 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810 AD"}}, "p08nkj8wbvk": {"id": "p08nkj8wbvk", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 18"}, "label": "Período Histórico Institucional Tardío", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/es", "languageTag": "es", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Historical Institutional Period"], "es": ["Período Histórico Institucional Tardío"]}, "broader": "p08nkj86vsf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q414", "label": "Argentina"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mendoza, Argentina", "start": {"in": {"year": "1810"}, "label": "1810 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1875"}, "label": "1875 AD"}}}, "source": {"citation": "Lagiglia, H. A. (1997). Arqueología de cazadores-recolectores cordilleranos de altura. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Ediciones Ciencias y Arte. San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina.", "title": "Arqueología de cazadores-recolectores cordilleranos de altura", "yearPublished": "1997", "creators": [{"name": "Lagiglia Humberto Antonio"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Aguilar Humberto"}], "locator": "Pages 8-18"}}, "p09hq4n": {"id": "p09hq4n", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p09hq4nzq2h": {"id": "p09hq4nzq2h", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtH0KFlqkqFu", "label": "IIe millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIe millénaire av. 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The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nfzdx": {"id": "p09hq4nfzdx", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XXe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XXe siècle av. 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The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6n4p": {"id": "p09hq4n6n4p", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtjTRLDsgAeY", "label": "XIXe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIXe siècle av. J.-C.", "19e siècle av. 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J.-C.", "1e moitié XVIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 18th century BCE", "1st half 18th century BC", "first half 18th century BCE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n58mr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1799"}, "label": "-1800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1750"}, "label": "-1751"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6k9n": {"id": "p09hq4n6k9n", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XVIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XVIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XVIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié 18e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié XVIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 18th century BCE", "2nd half 18th century BC", "second half 18th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n58mr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1749"}, "label": "-1750"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1700"}, "label": "-1701"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nfgdb": {"id": "p09hq4nfgdb", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crt3T9iJqF5ZN", "label": "XVIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "17e siècle av. J.-C.", "XVIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["17th century BCE", "17th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzq2h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "-1700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1600"}, "label": "-1601"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nprn2": {"id": "p09hq4nprn2", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XVIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XVIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié XVIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 17e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié XVIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 17th century BCE", "1st half 17th century BC", "first half 17th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nfgdb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "-1700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1650"}, "label": "-1651"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4njpt4": {"id": "p09hq4njpt4", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XVIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XVIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XVIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 17e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié XVIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 17th century BCE", "2nd half 17th century BC", "second half 17th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nfgdb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1649"}, "label": "-1650"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1600"}, "label": "-1601"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nnx95": {"id": "p09hq4nnx95", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtinh2FA7iRA", "label": "XVIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVIe siècle av. J.-C.", "16e siècle av. J.-C.", "XVIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["16th century BCE", "16th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzq2h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "-1600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1500"}, "label": "-1501"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4np64f": {"id": "p09hq4np64f", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XVIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XVIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié XVIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 16e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié XVIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 16th century BCE", "1st half 16th century BC", "first half 16th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nnx95", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1599"}, "label": "-1600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1550"}, "label": "-1551"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n4b2b": {"id": "p09hq4n4b2b", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XVIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XVIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XVIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 16e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié XVIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 16th century BCE", "2nd half 16th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nnx95", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1549"}, "label": "-1550"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1500"}, "label": "-1501"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nhvcb": {"id": "p09hq4nhvcb", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtUhHBxLS1qm", "label": "XVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVe siècle av. J.-C.", "15e siècle av. J.-C.", "XVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["15th century BCE", "15th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzq2h", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "-1500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1400"}, "label": "-1401"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4njggk": {"id": "p09hq4njggk", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XVe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié XVe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 15e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié XVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 15th century BCE", "1st half 15th century BC", "first half 15th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nhvcb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "-1500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1450"}, "label": "-1451"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nmsvm": {"id": "p09hq4nmsvm", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XVe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XVe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 15e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié XVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 15th century BCE", "2nd half 15th century BC", "second half 15th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nhvcb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1449"}, "label": "-1450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1400"}, "label": "-1401"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nb8vx": {"id": "p09hq4nb8vx", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtwvh1ceoDoT", "label": "XIVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIVe siècle av. J.-C.", "14e siècle av. J.-C.", "XIVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["14th century BCE", "14th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzq2h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "-1400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1300"}, "label": "-1301"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nzfxt": {"id": "p09hq4nzfxt", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIVe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié XIVe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 14e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié XIVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 14th century BCE", "1st half 14th century BC", "first half 14th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nb8vx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "-1400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1350"}, "label": "-1351"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n44ns": {"id": "p09hq4n44ns", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XIVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XIVe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 14e siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XIVe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié XIVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 14th century BCE", "2nd half 14th century BC", "second half 14th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nb8vx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1349"}, "label": "-1350"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1300"}, "label": "-1301"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n8s9n": {"id": "p09hq4n8s9n", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crttGLEpfaVjB", "label": "XIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "13e siècle av. J.-C.", "XIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["13th century BCE", "13th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzq2h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "-1300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1200"}, "label": "-1201"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nf433": {"id": "p09hq4nf433", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié XIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 13e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié XIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 13th century BCE", "1st half 13th century BC", "first half 13th century BCE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n8s9n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1299"}, "label": "-1300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1250"}, "label": "-1251"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nxvm3": {"id": "p09hq4nxvm3", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 13e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié XIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 13th century BCE", "2nd half 13th century BC", "second half 13th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n8s9n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1249"}, "label": "-1250"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1200"}, "label": "-1201"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4npv4c": {"id": "p09hq4npv4c", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crttukWNBk72S", "label": "XIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "12e siècle av. J.-C.", "XIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["12th century BCE", "12th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzq2h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "-1200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "-1101"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ns8xf": {"id": "p09hq4ns8xf", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié XIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 12e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié XIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 12th century BCE", "1st half 12th century BC", "first half 12th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npv4c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1199"}, "label": "-1200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1150"}, "label": "-1151"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n2wcp": {"id": "p09hq4n2wcp", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 12e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié XIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 12th century BCE", "2nd half 12th century BC", "second half 12th century BCE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npv4c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1149"}, "label": "-1150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1100"}, "label": "-1101"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nr58s": {"id": "p09hq4nr58s", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crt9SfbDYoBWU", "label": "XIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIe siècle av. J.-C.", "11e siècle av. J.-C.", "XIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["11th century BCE", "11th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzq2h", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "-1100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1000"}, "label": "-1001"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nqkkc": {"id": "p09hq4nqkkc", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié XIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 11e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié XIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 11th century BCE", "1st half 11th century BC", "first half 11th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nr58s", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1099"}, "label": "-1100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1050"}, "label": "-1051"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nrcz9": {"id": "p09hq4nrcz9", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 9e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié XIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 11th century BCE", "2nd half 11th century BC", "second half 11th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nr58s", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-1049"}, "label": "-1050"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1000"}, "label": "-1001"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ngf84": {"id": "p09hq4ngf84", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtc3qeIXa36s", "label": "Ie millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ie millénaire av. J.-C.", "Ie millénaire AEC"], "en": ["1st millennium BCE", "1st millennium BC"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "-1000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "-1"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n548r": {"id": "p09hq4n548r", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtz2b5lbnHZz", "label": "Xe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "10e siècle av. J.-C.", "Xe siècle AEC"], "en": ["10th century BCE", "10th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "-1000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0900"}, "label": "-901"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4njqk9": {"id": "p09hq4njqk9", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié Xe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 10e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié Xe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 10th century BCE", "1st half 10th century BC", "first half 10th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n548r", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "-1000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0950"}, "label": "-951"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nmrjp": {"id": "p09hq4nmrjp", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart Xe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "premier quart Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 10e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart Xe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 10th century BCE", "1st quarter 10th century BC", "first quarter 10th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4njqk9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0999"}, "label": "-1000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0975"}, "label": "-976"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nnbvg": {"id": "p09hq4nnbvg", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart Xe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 10e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart Xe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 10th century BCE", "2nd quarter 10th century BC", "second quarter 10th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4njqk9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0974"}, "label": "-975"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0950"}, "label": "-951"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nv5zd": {"id": "p09hq4nv5zd", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié Xe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 10e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié Xe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 10th century BCE", "2nd half 10th century BC", "second half 10th century BCE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n548r", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0949"}, "label": "-950"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0900"}, "label": "-901"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ngz3h": {"id": "p09hq4ngz3h", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart Xe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 10e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart Xe siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 10th century BCE", "3rd quarter 10th century BC", "third quarter 10th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nnbvg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0949"}, "label": "-950"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0925"}, "label": "-926"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6nd3": {"id": "p09hq4n6nd3", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart Xe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart Xe siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 10e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart Xe siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 10th century BCE", "4th quarter 10th century BC", "fourth quarter 10th century BCE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nv5zd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0924"}, "label": "-925"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0900"}, "label": "-901"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nnxrz": {"id": "p09hq4nnxrz", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtensvgRBfE8", "label": "IXe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "9e siècle av. J.-C.", "IXe siècle AEC"], "en": ["9th century BCE", "9th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "-900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-801"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nqmr4": {"id": "p09hq4nqmr4", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IXe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 9e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié IXe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 9th century BCE", "1st half 9th century BC", "first half 9th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nnxrz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "-900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0850"}, "label": "-851"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n4w43": {"id": "p09hq4n4w43", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart IXe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "premier quart IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 9e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart IXe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 9th century BCE", "1st quarter 9th century BC", "first quarter 9th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqmr4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0899"}, "label": "-900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0875"}, "label": "-876"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ndvj5": {"id": "p09hq4ndvj5", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart IXe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 9e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart IXe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 9th century BCE", "2nd quarter 9th century BC", "second quarter 9th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqmr4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0874"}, "label": "-875"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0850"}, "label": "-851"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6fbw": {"id": "p09hq4n6fbw", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IXe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 9e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié IXe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 9th century BCE", "2nd half 9th century BC", "second half 9th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nnxrz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0849"}, "label": "-850"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-801"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nx5cs": {"id": "p09hq4nx5cs", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart IXe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 9e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart IXe siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 9th century BCE", "3rd quarter 9th century BC", "third quarter 9th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n6fbw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0849"}, "label": "-850"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0825"}, "label": "-826"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nvr4p": {"id": "p09hq4nvr4p", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart IXe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart IXe siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 9e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart IXe siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 9th century BCE", "4th quarter 9th century BC", "fourth quarter 9th century BCE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n6fbw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0824"}, "label": "-825"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-801"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n8xk3": {"id": "p09hq4n8xk3", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtGuAGZ9Kaoh", "label": "VIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "8e siècle av. J.-C.", "VIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["8th century BCE", "8th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0700"}, "label": "-701"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nk2vx": {"id": "p09hq4nk2vx", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié VIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 8e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié VIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 8th century BCE", "1st half 8th century BC", "first half 8th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n8xk3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0750"}, "label": "-751"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ntsn6": {"id": "p09hq4ntsn6", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart VIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "premier quart VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 8e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart VIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 8th century BCE", "1st quarter 8th century BC", "first quarter 8th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nk2vx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0775"}, "label": "-776"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nv9nr": {"id": "p09hq4nv9nr", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart VIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 8e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart VIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 8th century BCE", "2nd quarter 8th century BC", "second quarter 8th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nk2vx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0774"}, "label": "-775"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0750"}, "label": "-751"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n5cb6": {"id": "p09hq4n5cb6", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié VIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 8e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié VIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 8th century BCE", "2nd half 8th century BC", "second half 8th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n8xk3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "-750"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0700"}, "label": "-701"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nc546": {"id": "p09hq4nc546", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart VIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 8e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart VIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 8th century BCE", "3rd quarter 8th century BC", "third quarter 8th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n5cb6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "-750"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0725"}, "label": "-726"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nwprq": {"id": "p09hq4nwprq", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart VIIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart VIIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 8e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart VIIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 8th century BCE", "4th quarter 8th century BC", "fourth quarter 8th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n5cb6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0724"}, "label": "-725"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0700"}, "label": "-701"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ngmmc": {"id": "p09hq4ngmmc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtwSM7yEoZTr", "label": "VIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "7e siècle av. J.-C.", "VIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["7th century BCE", "7th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "-700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "-601"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n2wdz": {"id": "p09hq4n2wdz", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié VIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 7e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié VIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 7th century BCE", "1st half 7th century BC", "first half 7th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngmmc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "-700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0650"}, "label": "-651"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ntr4g": {"id": "p09hq4ntr4g", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart VIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première quart VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 7e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart VIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 7th century BCE", "1st quarter 7th century BC", "first quarter 7th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2wdz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0699"}, "label": "-700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0675"}, "label": "-676"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nx4p7": {"id": "p09hq4nx4p7", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart VIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 7e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart VIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 7th century BCE", "2nd quarter 7th century BC", "second quarter 7th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2wdz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0674"}, "label": "-675"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0650"}, "label": "-651"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nndh2": {"id": "p09hq4nndh2", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié VIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 7e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié VIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 7th century BCE", "2nd half 7th century BC", "second half 7th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngmmc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0649"}, "label": "-650"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "-601"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n4dgd": {"id": "p09hq4n4dgd", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart VIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 7e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart VIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 7th century BCE", "3rd quarter 7th century BC", "third quarter 7th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nndh2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0649"}, "label": "-650"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0625"}, "label": "-626"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n948n": {"id": "p09hq4n948n", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart VIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart VIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 7e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart VIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 7th century BCE", "4th quarter 7th century BC", "fourth quarter 7th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nndh2", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0624"}, "label": "-625"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0600"}, "label": "-601"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nzxbf": {"id": "p09hq4nzxbf", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtVM3qzt43XK", "label": "VIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "6e siècle av. J.-C.", "VIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["6th century BCE", "6th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "-600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "-501"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ngqtw": {"id": "p09hq4ngqtw", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié VIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 6e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié VIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 6th century BCE", "1st half 6th century BC", "first half 6th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzxbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "-600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0550"}, "label": "-551"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6kbx": {"id": "p09hq4n6kbx", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart VIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première quart VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 6e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart VIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 6th century BCE", "1st quarter 6th century BC", "first quarter 6th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngqtw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0599"}, "label": "-600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0575"}, "label": "-576"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nnvt3": {"id": "p09hq4nnvt3", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart VIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 6e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart VIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 6th century BCE", "2nd quarter 6th century BC", "second quarter 6th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngqtw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0574"}, "label": "-575"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0550"}, "label": "-551"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4npm65": {"id": "p09hq4npm65", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié VIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 6e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié VIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 6th century BCE", "2nd half 6th century BC", "second half 6th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzxbf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0549"}, "label": "-550"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "-501"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4npw4m": {"id": "p09hq4npw4m", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart VIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 6e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart VIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 6th century BCE", "3rd quarter 6th century BC", "third quarter 6th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npm65", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0549"}, "label": "-550"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0525"}, "label": "-526"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nqmff": {"id": "p09hq4nqmff", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart VIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart VIe siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 6e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart VIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 6th century BCE", "4th quarter 6th century BC", "fourth quarter 6th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npm65", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0524"}, "label": "-525"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "-501"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4njjpv": {"id": "p09hq4njjpv", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtyR3AZBo96S", "label": "Ve siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "5e siècle av. J.-C.", "Ve siècle AEC"], "en": ["5th century BCE", "5th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "-500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0400"}, "label": "-401"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n2qqc": {"id": "p09hq4n2qqc", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié Ve siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 5e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié Ve siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 5th century BCE", "1st half 5th century BC", "first half 5th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4njjpv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "-500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0450"}, "label": "-451"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n3zrp": {"id": "p09hq4n3zrp", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart Ve siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "premier quart Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 5e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart Ve siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 5th century BCE", "1st quarter 5th century BC", "first quarter 5th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2qqc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "-500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0475"}, "label": "-476"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ng26n": {"id": "p09hq4ng26n", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart Ve siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 5e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart Ve siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 5th century BCE", "2nd quarter 5th century BC", "second quarter 5th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2qqc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0474"}, "label": "-475"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0450"}, "label": "-451"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nqg97": {"id": "p09hq4nqg97", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié Ve siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 5e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié Ve siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 5th century BCE", "2nd half 5th century BC", "second half 5th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4njjpv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "-450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0400"}, "label": "-401"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4njrj8": {"id": "p09hq4njrj8", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart Ve siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 5e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart Ve siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 5th century BCE", "3rd quarter 5th century BC", "third quarter 5th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqg97", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "-450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0425"}, "label": "-426"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6jr8": {"id": "p09hq4n6jr8", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart Ve siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart Ve siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 5e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart Ve siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 5th century BCE", "4th quarter 5th century BC", "fourth quarter 5th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqg97", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0424"}, "label": "-425"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0400"}, "label": "-401"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n2bqh": {"id": "p09hq4n2bqh", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtBh9QzkcNE0", "label": "IVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IVe siècle av. J-C.", "4e siècle av. J-C.", "IVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th century BCE", "4th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "-400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "-301"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n47t3": {"id": "p09hq4n47t3", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 4e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié IVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 4th century BCE", "1st half 4th century BC", "first half 4th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2bqh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "-400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0350"}, "label": "-351"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nr4dq": {"id": "p09hq4nr4dq", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart IVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "première quart IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 4e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart IVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 4th century BCE", "1st quarter 4th century BC", "first quarter 4th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n47t3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0399"}, "label": "-400"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0375"}, "label": "-376"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nv4tx": {"id": "p09hq4nv4tx", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart IVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 4e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart IVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 4th century BCE", "2nd quarter 4th century BC", "second quarter 4th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n47t3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0374"}, "label": "-375"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0350"}, "label": "-351"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nbgdn": {"id": "p09hq4nbgdn", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 4e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié IVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 4th century BCE", "2nd half 4th century BC", "second half 4th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2bqh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0349"}, "label": "-350"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "-301"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nwshf": {"id": "p09hq4nwshf", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart IVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 4e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart IVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 4th century BCE", "3rd quarter 4th century BC", "third quarter 4th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nbgdn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0349"}, "label": "-350"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0325"}, "label": "-326"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4np724": {"id": "p09hq4np724", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart IVe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart IVe siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 4e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart IVe siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 4th century BCE", "4th quarter 4th century BC", "fourth quarter 4th century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nbgdn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0324"}, "label": "-325"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0300"}, "label": "-301"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nhpwg": {"id": "p09hq4nhpwg", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtwNKI9ovkGB", "label": "IIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "3e siècle av. J.-C.", "IIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd century BCE", "3rd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "-300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0200"}, "label": "-201"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ng3qc": {"id": "p09hq4ng3qc", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 3e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié IIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 3rd century BCE", "1st half 3rd century BC", "first half 3rd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nhpwg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "-300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0250"}, "label": "-251"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ntbrp": {"id": "p09hq4ntbrp", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart IIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "premier quart IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 3e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart IIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 3rd century BCE", "1st quarter 3rd century BC", "first quarter 3rd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ng3qc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0299"}, "label": "-300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0275"}, "label": "-276"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nwm56": {"id": "p09hq4nwm56", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart IIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 3e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart IIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 3rd century BCE", "2nd quarter 3rd century BC", "second quarter 3rd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ng3qc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0274"}, "label": "-275"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0250"}, "label": "-251"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nn9m5": {"id": "p09hq4nn9m5", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 3e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié IIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 3rd century BCE", "2nd half 3rd century BC", "second half 3rd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nhpwg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0249"}, "label": "-250"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0200"}, "label": "-201"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nq4rg": {"id": "p09hq4nq4rg", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart IIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 3e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart IIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 3rd century BCE", "3rd quarter 3rd century BC", "third quarter 3rd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nn9m5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0249"}, "label": "-250"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0225"}, "label": "-226"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nrpw2": {"id": "p09hq4nrpw2", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart IIIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart IIIe siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 3e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart IIIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 3rd century BCE", "4th quarter 3rd century BC", "fourth quarter 3rd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nn9m5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0224"}, "label": "-225"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0200"}, "label": "-201"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nqrjc": {"id": "p09hq4nqrjc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crteE6s9FdzeL", "label": "IIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e siècle av. J.-C.", "IIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd century BCE", "2nd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "-200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0100"}, "label": "-101"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ngck8": {"id": "p09hq4ngck8", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 2e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié IIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 2nd century BCE", "1st half 2nd century BC", "first half 2nd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqrjc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "-200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0150"}, "label": "-151"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nvgn3": {"id": "p09hq4nvgn3", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart IIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "premier quart IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 2e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart IIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 2nd century BCE", "1st quarter 2nd century BC", "first quarter 2nd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngck8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "-200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0175"}, "label": "-176"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nzq7z": {"id": "p09hq4nzq7z", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart IIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 2e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart IIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 2nd century BCE", "2nd quarter 2nd century BC", "second quarter 2nd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngck8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0174"}, "label": "-175"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0150"}, "label": "-151"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ngc9v": {"id": "p09hq4ngc9v", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 2e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié IIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 2nd century BCE", "2nd half 2nd century BC", "second half 2nd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqrjc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0149"}, "label": "-150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0100"}, "label": "-101"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n8zs4": {"id": "p09hq4n8zs4", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart IIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 2e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart IIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 2nd century BCE", "3rd quarter 2nd century BC", "third quarter 2nd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngc9v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0149"}, "label": "-150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0125"}, "label": "-126"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6svx": {"id": "p09hq4n6svx", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart IIe siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart IIe siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 2e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart IIe siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 2nd century BCE", "4th quarter 2nd century BC", "fourth quarter 2nd century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngc9v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0124"}, "label": "-125"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0100"}, "label": "-101"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n9m89": {"id": "p09hq4n9m89", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtnzSW6S4S5D", "label": "Ie siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "1e siècle av. J.-C.", "Ie siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st century BCE", "1st century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngf84", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "-100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "-1"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ndzhm": {"id": "p09hq4ndzhm", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié Ie siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "première moitié Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié 1e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié Ie siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st half 1st century BCE", "1st half 1st century BC", "first half 1st century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n9m89", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "-100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "-51"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nc3fb": {"id": "p09hq4nc3fb", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart Ie siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "premier quart Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart 1e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e quart Ie siècle AEC"], "en": ["1st quarter 1st century BCE", "1st quarter 1st century BC", "first quarter 1st century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ndzhm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0099"}, "label": "-100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0075"}, "label": "-76"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ndknx": {"id": "p09hq4ndknx", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart Ie siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième quart Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart 1e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e quart Ie siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 1st century BCE", "2nd quarter 1st century BC", "second quarter 1st century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ndzhm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0074"}, "label": "-75"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "-51"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nnxgm": {"id": "p09hq4nnxgm", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié Ie siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié 1e siècle av. J.-C.", "2e moitié Ie siècle AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 1st century BCE", "2nd half 1st century BC", "second half 1st century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n9m89", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0049"}, "label": "-50"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "-1"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nmj66": {"id": "p09hq4nmj66", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart Ie siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "troisième quart Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart 1e siècle av. J.-C.", "3e quart Ie siècle AEC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 1st century BCE", "3rd quarter 1st century BC", "third quarter 1st century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nnxgm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0049"}, "label": "-50"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0025"}, "label": "-26"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n76s6": {"id": "p09hq4n76s6", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart Ie siècle AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "quatrième quart Ie siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart 1e siècle av. J.-C.", "4e quart Ie siècle AEC"], "en": ["4th quarter 1st century BCE", "4th quarter 1st century BC", "fourth quarter 1st century BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nnxgm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-0024"}, "label": "-25"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "-1"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n4255": {"id": "p09hq4n4255", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtenp58SdbiQ", "label": "Ie millénaire EC ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ie millénaire apr. J.-C.", "Ie millénaire EC "], "en": ["1st millennium CE"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ndm7n": {"id": "p09hq4ndm7n", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtxIASpSvPLz", "label": "Ie siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e siècle apr. J.-C.", "Ie siècle EC"], "en": ["1st century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nh5ps": {"id": "p09hq4nh5ps", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié Ie siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 1e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié Ie siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 1st century CE", "first half 1st century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ndm7n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "50"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nrx2q": {"id": "p09hq4nrx2q", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart Ie siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "premier quart Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart 1e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart Ie siècle EC"], "en": ["1st quarter 1st century CE", "first quarter 1st century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nh5ps", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0025"}, "label": "25"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n4gc2": {"id": "p09hq4n4gc2", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart Ie siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième quart Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart 1e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart Ie siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 1st century CE", "second quarter 1st century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nh5ps", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0026"}, "label": "26"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "50"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4np73d": {"id": "p09hq4np73d", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié Ie siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 1e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié Ie siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 1st century CE", "second half 1st century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ndm7n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0051"}, "label": "51"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nbjr5": {"id": "p09hq4nbjr5", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart Ie siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "troisième quart Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart 1e siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart Ie siècle EC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 1st century CE", "third quarter 1st century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4np73d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0051"}, "label": "51"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0075"}, "label": "75"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ncc3f": {"id": "p09hq4ncc3f", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart Ie siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "quatrième quart Ie siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart 1e siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart Ie siècle EC"], "en": ["4th quarter 1st century CE", "fourth quarter 1st century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4np73d", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0076"}, "label": "76"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n7t47": {"id": "p09hq4n7t47", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtuPD5XmWr9q", "label": "IIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "IIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0101"}, "label": "101"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ns7vk": {"id": "p09hq4ns7vk", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 2e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié IIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 2nd century CE", "first half 2nd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n7t47", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0101"}, "label": "101"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0150"}, "label": "150"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nwttc": {"id": "p09hq4nwttc", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart IIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "premier quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart 2e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart IIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st quarter 2nd century CE", "first quarter 2nd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ns7vk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0101"}, "label": "101"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0125"}, "label": "125"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n33xp": {"id": "p09hq4n33xp", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart IIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart 2e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart IIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 2nd century CE", "second quarter 2nd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ns7vk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0126"}, "label": "126"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0150"}, "label": "150"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nntnb": {"id": "p09hq4nntnb", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 2e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié IIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 2nd century CE", "second half 2nd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n7t47", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0151"}, "label": "151"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nf7wn": {"id": "p09hq4nf7wn", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart IIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "troisième quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart 2e siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart IIe siècle EC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 2nd century CE", "third quarter 2nd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nntnb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0151"}, "label": "151"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0175"}, "label": "175"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nv83r": {"id": "p09hq4nv83r", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart IIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "quatrième quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart 2e siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart IIe siècle EC"], "en": ["4th quarter 2nd century CE", "fourth quarter 2nd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nntnb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0176"}, "label": "176"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "200"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nzg3z": {"id": "p09hq4nzg3z", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtdxi5OGtqbo", "label": "IIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "IIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["3rd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "201"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nm69g": {"id": "p09hq4nm69g", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "premier moitié IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 3e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié IIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 3rd century CE", "first half 3rd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzg3z", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "201"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0250"}, "label": "250"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nmg6n": {"id": "p09hq4nmg6n", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart IIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "premier quart IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart 3e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart IIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st quarter 3rd century CE", "first quarter 3rd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nm69g", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "201"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0225"}, "label": "225"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n88b3": {"id": "p09hq4n88b3", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart IIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième quart IIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart 2e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart IIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 3rd century CE", "second quarter 3rd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nm69g", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0226"}, "label": "226"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0250"}, "label": "250"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nz6st": {"id": "p09hq4nz6st", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 3e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié IIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 3rd century CE", "second half 3rd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nzg3z", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0251"}, "label": "251"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "narrower": ["p09hq4nvjdh", "p09hq4n7b2z"]}, "p09hq4nvjdh": {"id": "p09hq4nvjdh", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart IIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "troisième quart IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart 3e siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart IIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 3rd century CE", "third quarter 3rd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nz6st", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0251"}, "label": "251"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0275"}, "label": "275"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n7b2z": {"id": "p09hq4n7b2z", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart IIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "quatrième quart IIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart 3e siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart IIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["4th quarter 3rd century CE", "fourth quarter 3rd century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nz6st", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0276"}, "label": "276"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nsg2k": {"id": "p09hq4nsg2k", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtJtdfJi709S", "label": "IVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "IVe siècle EC"], "en": ["4th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0301"}, "label": "301"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nbjn8": {"id": "p09hq4nbjn8", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 4e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié IVe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 4th century CE", "first half 4th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nsg2k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0301"}, "label": "301"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0350"}, "label": "350"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nrr2f": {"id": "p09hq4nrr2f", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart IVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "premier quart IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart 4e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart IVe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st quarter 4th century CE", "first quarter 4th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nbjn8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0301"}, "label": "301"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0325"}, "label": "325"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nvjfs": {"id": "p09hq4nvjfs", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart IVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième quart IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart 4e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart IVe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 4th century CE", "second quarter 4th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nbjn8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0326"}, "label": "326"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0350"}, "label": "350"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nxq6g": {"id": "p09hq4nxq6g", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 4e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié IVe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 4th century CE", "second half 4th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nsg2k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0351"}, "label": "351"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n5q9g": {"id": "p09hq4n5q9g", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart IVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "troisième quart IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart 4e siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart IVe siècle EC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 4th century CE", "third quarter 4th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nxq6g", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0351"}, "label": "351"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0375"}, "label": "375"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n3f8n": {"id": "p09hq4n3f8n", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart IVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "quatrième quart IVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart 4e siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart IVe siècle EC"], "en": ["4th quarter 4th century CE", "fourth quarter 4th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nxq6g", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0376"}, "label": "376"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n9fd6": {"id": "p09hq4n9fd6", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt10tmOzyG6A", "label": "Ve siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "5e siècle apr. J.-C.", "Ve siècle EC"], "en": ["5th century CE", "5th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0401"}, "label": "401"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nqmkm": {"id": "p09hq4nqmkm", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié Ve siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 5e siècle av. J.-C.", "1e moitié Ve siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 5th century CE", "1st half 5th century AD", "first half 5th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n9fd6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0401"}, "label": "401"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "450"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4njfhm": {"id": "p09hq4njfhm", "type": "Period", "label": "1e quart Ve siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e quart Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "premier quart Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart 5e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e quart Ve siècle EC"], "en": ["1st quarter 5th century CE", "1st quarter 5th century AD", "first quarter 5th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqmkm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0401"}, "label": "401"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0425"}, "label": "425"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nhhzr": {"id": "p09hq4nhhzr", "type": "Period", "label": "2e quart Ve siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e quart Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième quart Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart 5e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e quart Ve siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd quarter 5th century CE", "2nd quarter 5th century AD", "second quarter 5th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqmkm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0426"}, "label": "426"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "450"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nvcd7": {"id": "p09hq4nvcd7", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié Ve siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 5e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié Ve siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 5th century CE", "2nd half 5th century AD", "second half 5th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n9fd6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0451"}, "label": "451"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nc6gd": {"id": "p09hq4nc6gd", "type": "Period", "label": "3e quart Ve siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["3e quart Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "troisième quart Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart 5e siècle apr. J.-C.", "3e quart Ve siècle EC"], "en": ["3rd quarter 5th century CE", "3rd quarter 5th century AD", "third quarter 5th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nvcd7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0451"}, "label": "451"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0475"}, "label": "475"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6t9g": {"id": "p09hq4n6t9g", "type": "Period", "label": "4e quart Ve siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["4e quart Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "quatrième quart Ve siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart 5e siècle apr. J.-C.", "4e quart Ve siècle EC"], "en": ["4th quarter 5th century CE", "4th quarter 5th century AD", "fourth quarter 5th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nvcd7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n2k76": {"id": "p09hq4n2k76", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtcX8VinHMAs", "label": "VIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["VIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "6e siècle apr. J.-C.", "VIe siècle EC"], "en": ["6th century CE", "6th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0501"}, "label": "501"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nk8fx": {"id": "p09hq4nk8fx", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtYYbnfUPzvA", "label": "VIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["VIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "7e siècle apr. J.-C.", "VIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["7th century CE", "7th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0601"}, "label": "601"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ngpmv": {"id": "p09hq4ngpmv", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtDZvr7Iohs1", "label": "VIIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["VIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "8e siècle apr. J.-C.", "VIIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["8th century CE", "8th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0701"}, "label": "701"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nqm4r": {"id": "p09hq4nqm4r", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtw8LrIgx2Fa", "label": "IXe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "9e siècle apr. J.-C.", "IXe siècle EC"], "en": ["9th century CE", "9th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0801"}, "label": "801"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ndphj": {"id": "p09hq4ndphj", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtLRipu8fxhP", "label": "Xe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Xe siècle apr. J.-C.", "10e siècle apr. J.-C.", "Xe siècle EC"], "en": ["10th century CE", "10th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4255", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0901"}, "label": "901"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nc86j": {"id": "p09hq4nc86j", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtkdelPrLwbt", "label": "IIe millénaire EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIe millénaire apr. J.-C.", "IIe millénaire EC"], "en": ["2nd millennium CE", "2nd millennium AD"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1001"}, "label": "1001"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n265q": {"id": "p09hq4n265q", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtd5Dzv6B9KK", "label": "XIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "11e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XIe siècle EC"], "en": ["11th century CE", "11th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1001"}, "label": "1001"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6zdd": {"id": "p09hq4n6zdd", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtk8XMiz0cBl", "label": "XIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "12e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["12th century CE", "12th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1101"}, "label": "1101"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nkn9m": {"id": "p09hq4nkn9m", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtcKcuXkQor4", "label": "XIIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "13e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XIIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["13th century CE", "13th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1201"}, "label": "1201"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "1300"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4npkb3": {"id": "p09hq4npkb3", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtSbDRQ7MHAT", "label": "XIVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "14e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XIVe siècle EC"], "en": ["14th century CE", "14th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1301"}, "label": "1301"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4njrfc": {"id": "p09hq4njrfc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtJBNRTQx0S5", "label": "XVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "15e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XVe siècle EC"], "en": ["15th century CE", "15th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1401"}, "label": "1401"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nzzxq": {"id": "p09hq4nzzxq", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt2ttYsmEdhJ", "label": "XVIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "16e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XVIe siècle EC"], "en": ["16th century CE", "16th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1501"}, "label": "1501"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1600"}, "label": "1600"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nh86f": {"id": "p09hq4nh86f", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt5EJOqZH7wl", "label": "XVIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "17e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XVIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["17th century CE", "17th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1601"}, "label": "1601"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1700"}, "label": "1700"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n534b": {"id": "p09hq4n534b", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt0AGwaqHbyN", "label": "XVIIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "18e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XVIIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["18th century CE", "18th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1701"}, "label": "1701"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ns9gt": {"id": "p09hq4ns9gt", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtlrjJOpjvFx", "label": "XIXe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "19e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XIXe siècle EC"], "en": ["19th century CE", "19th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nkxk3": {"id": "p09hq4nkxk3", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtmvoF8X2tK6", "label": "XXe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "20e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XXe siècle EC"], "en": ["20th century CE", "20th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc86j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nc5vd": {"id": "p09hq4nc5vd", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtTfMyPxrZ4Q", "label": "IIIe millénaire EC ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIIe millénaire apr. J.-C.", "IIIe millénaire EC "], "en": ["3rd millennium CE", "3rd millennium AD"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "2001"}, "label": "2001"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "3000"}, "label": "3000"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n9qwd": {"id": "p09hq4n9qwd", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrteByKqYsfRI", "label": "XXIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XXIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "21e siècle apr. J.-C.", "XXIe siècle EC"], "en": ["21th century CE", "21th century AD"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nc5vd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "2001"}, "label": "2001"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. \n", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nh62q": {"id": "p09hq4nh62q", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtFS9v4PxyYL", "label": "Paléolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Paleolithic"], "fr": ["Paléolithique"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4qpv6"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-799999"}, "label": "-800000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9600"}, "label": "-9601"}, "note": "Définition : Le terme Paléolithique a été créé dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle pour désigner l’âge de la Pierre ancienne. Ce terme désigne une période longue de 2.7 m. a. attestant une coindividuation (coévolution) de l’homme et de l’outil (Boëda 2013, 42).\n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud.\n"}, "p09hq4n3qs6": {"id": "p09hq4n3qs6", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtVgXMuQrnxx", "label": "Paléolithique inférieur", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Paleolithic"], "fr": ["Paléolithique inférieur"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4fz3x"], "broader": "p09hq4nh62q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-799999"}, "label": "-800000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-300000"}, "label": "-300001"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4njmn4": {"id": "p09hq4njmn4", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtT7uGEJ3s0j", "label": "Paléolithique moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Paleolithic"], "fr": ["Paléolithique moyen"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4vnqm"], "broader": "p09hq4nh62q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-299999"}, "label": "-300000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-40000"}, "label": "-40001"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4ng7hm": {"id": "p09hq4ng7hm", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt9U8BH9pVRu", "label": "Paléolithique supérieur", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Paleolithic"], "fr": ["Paléolithique supérieur"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4c4bc"], "broader": "p09hq4nh62q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-39999"}, "label": "-40000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9600"}, "label": "-9601"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4n5h9w": {"id": "p09hq4n5h9w", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtNs85SfBRuH", "label": "Mésolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"], "fr": ["Mésolithique"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr423wt"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9599"}, "label": "-9600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6500"}, "label": "-6501"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nbj8z": {"id": "p09hq4nbj8z", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtphVzWKGT8J", "label": "Mésolithique ancien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Mesolithic"], "fr": ["Mésolithique ancien"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4wz3t"], "broader": "p09hq4n5h9w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9599"}, "label": "-9600"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8300"}, "label": "-8301"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud.", "narrower": []}, "p09hq4nhckg": {"id": "p09hq4nhckg", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtYwNO0YUbVp", "label": "Mésolithique moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Mesolithic"], "fr": ["Mésolithique moyen"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4b8ww"], "broader": "p09hq4n5h9w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-8299"}, "label": "-8300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6900"}, "label": "-6901"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4njd7z": {"id": "p09hq4njd7z", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtzTubWFEonX", "label": "Mésolithique récent", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mesolithic"], "fr": ["Mésolithique récent"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4snwn"], "broader": "p09hq4n5h9w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6899"}, "label": "-6900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6500"}, "label": "-6501"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nqbhx": {"id": "p09hq4nqbhx", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtH8P95EucZz", "label": "Néolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"], "fr": ["Néolithique"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4ghc6"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6499"}, "label": "-6500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "-2201"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4njqnv": {"id": "p09hq4njqnv", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtFRtEh1AndU", "label": "Néolithique ancien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic"], "fr": ["Néolithique ancien"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4zmnf"], "broader": "p09hq4nqbhx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6499"}, "label": "-6500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5300"}, "label": "-5301"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4n4s76": {"id": "p09hq4n4s76", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt2Da0ASe5sL", "label": "Néolithique moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic"], "fr": ["Néolithique moyen"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4m92t"], "broader": "p09hq4nqbhx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5299"}, "label": "-5300"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4500"}, "label": "-4501"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4ntk73": {"id": "p09hq4ntk73", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtdnSecgloEJ", "label": "Néolithique récent", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic"], "fr": ["Néolithique récent"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr48cqr"], "broader": "p09hq4nqbhx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "-4500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2200"}, "label": "-2201"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nzw5p": {"id": "p09hq4nzw5p", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtGTWPtWn8qu", "label": "Âge du Bronze", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"], "fr": ["Âge du Bronze"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4bdf4"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "-2200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-801"}, "note": "La chronologie de l'âge du Bronze faisant référence est celle de J.-J. Hatt « Nouveau projet de chronologie pour l’âge de bronze en France » in : Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, p. 304-306, 1958, vol. 55, no 5-6.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4ngqbr": {"id": "p09hq4ngqbr", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtU9wwh3D5FE", "label": "Bronze ancien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age"], "fr": ["Bronze ancien"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr479c3"], "broader": "p09hq4nzw5p", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "-2200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1650"}, "label": "-1651"}, "note": "Correspond à l’apparition de la métallurgie, avant le Ve millénaire av. J.‑C. en Anatolie mais vers le IIe millénaire av. J.‑C. en Europe occidentale comme en France. (Wikipédia)", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4nhwp8": {"id": "p09hq4nhwp8", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtRoOJKfE5fI", "label": "Bronze ancien 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["BRA1", "Bronze ancien 1"], "en": ["Early Bronze Age 1", "EBA1"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngqbr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2199"}, "label": "-2200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1800"}, "label": "-1801"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4nhhcq": {"id": "p09hq4nhhcq", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtehAN0hJGyT", "label": "Bronze ancien 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["BRA2", "Bronze ancien 2"], "en": ["Early Bronze Age 2", "EBA2"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngqbr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1799"}, "label": "-1800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1650"}, "label": "-1651"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4n9gbt": {"id": "p09hq4n9gbt", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtSZ1b47Qkjp", "label": "Bronze moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age"], "fr": ["Bronze moyen"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4xr3h"], "broader": "p09hq4nzw5p", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1649"}, "label": "-1650"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1350"}, "label": "-1351"}, "note": "Appelé aussi l’« âge du Bronze véritable », il correspond à la culture des tumulus protoceltiques ce qui en Europe centrale se situe vers le IIe millénaire av. J.-C. et vers 1500 av. J.-C. en France. (Wikipédia)", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4n4mrb": {"id": "p09hq4n4mrb", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtUE6eEXOvSl", "label": "Bronze moyen 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["BRM1", "Bronze moyen 1"], "en": ["Middle Bronze Age 1", "MBA1"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n9gbt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1649"}, "label": "-1650"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1500"}, "label": "-1501"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4ngg2k": {"id": "p09hq4ngg2k", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crt6S54eork4d", "label": "Bronze moyen 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["BRM2", "Bronze moyen 2"], "en": ["Middle Bronze Age 2", "MBA2"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n9gbt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1499"}, "label": "-1500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1350"}, "label": "-1351"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4nn4n5": {"id": "p09hq4nn4n5", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtQGLpWkh9Gt", "label": "Bronze final", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"], "fr": ["Bronze final"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4qv75"], "broader": "p09hq4nzw5p", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1349"}, "label": "-1350"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-801"}, "note": "Marqué par le début des grandes invasions, principalement celtiques, il se confond en Europe centrale avec la culture des champs d’urnes. Il commence en Europe occidentale comme en France vers le XIIe siècle av. J.-C. (Wikipédia)", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4nrc5g": {"id": "p09hq4nrc5g", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt6mcW861KBz", "source": {"locator": ""}, "label": "Bronze final 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["BRF1", "Bronze final 1"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age 1", "LBA1"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nn4n5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1349"}, "label": "-1350"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1250"}, "label": "-1251"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4njr7k": {"id": "p09hq4njr7k", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtNgn6kKm1GE", "label": "Bronze final 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["BRF2", "Hallstatt A", "Bronze final 2"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age 2", "LBA2"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nn4n5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1249"}, "label": "-1250"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1050"}, "label": "-1051"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4npqg9": {"id": "p09hq4npqg9", "type": "Period", "label": "Bronze final 2a", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["BRF2a", "Bronze final 2a"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age 2a", "LBA2a"]}, "broader": "p09hq4njr7k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1249"}, "label": "-1250"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1150"}, "label": "-1151"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4nz6fv": {"id": "p09hq4nz6fv", "type": "Period", "label": "Bronze final 2b", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["BRF2b", "Bronze final 2b"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age 2b", "LBA2b"]}, "broader": "p09hq4njr7k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1149"}, "label": "-1150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1050"}, "label": "-1051"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4n8rgv": {"id": "p09hq4n8rgv", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtSi23sdHIiz", "label": "Bronze final 3", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["BRF3", "Hallstatt B", "Bronze final 3"], "en": ["Late Bronze Age 3", "LBA3"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nn4n5", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1049"}, "label": "-1050"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0800"}, "label": "-801"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. 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The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. 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The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Carozza, L., Marcigny, C., and Talon, M. (2009). ‘Ordres et désordres dans l’économie des sociétés durant l’Âge du Bronze en France’, in M. Bartelheim and H. Stäuble (eds.), h e Economic Foundations of the European Bronze Age. Forschungen zur Archäometrie\n- Mordant, Claude. « The Bronze Age in France ». In The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, édité par Harry Fokkens et Anthony Harding, 571‑93. Oxford University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199572861.013.0032.  Und Altertumswissenschat, 5. Rahden/Westf.: Leidorf."}, "p09hq4ncspk": {"id": "p09hq4ncspk", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtW9SpIgIk7Q", "label": "Âge du Fer", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iron Age"], "fr": ["Âge du Fer"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr45626"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0025"}, "label": "-26"}, "note": "Période chronologique caractérisée par l'usage de la métallurgie du fer et faisant généralement suite à l'âge du bronze.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nx7cb": {"id": "p09hq4nx7cb", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtyyKRNIn45B", "label": "Hallstatt C", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt C"], "fr": ["HAC", "Hallstatt C"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ncspk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0620"}, "label": "-621"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Milcent, Pierre-Yves. Le Premier Âge Du Fer En France Centrale. 2 vol. Mémoire, XXXIV. Paris: Société préhistorique française, 2004.\n- Pare, Christopher. « Beiträge Zum Übergang von Der Bronze- Zur Eisenzeit in Mitteleuropa. Teil I: Grundzüge Der Chronologie Im Östlichen Mitteleuropa (11.-8. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) ». Jahrbuch Des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, 1998, 1‑142.\n\n"}, "p09hq4nf9n4": {"id": "p09hq4nf9n4", "type": "Period", "label": "Hallstatt C1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt C1"], "fr": ["HAC1", "Hallstatt C1"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nx7cb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0725"}, "label": "-726"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Milcent, Pierre-Yves. Le Premier Âge Du Fer En France Centrale. 2 vol. Mémoire, XXXIV. Paris: Société préhistorique française, 2004.\n- Pare, Christopher. « Beiträge Zum Übergang von Der Bronze- Zur Eisenzeit in Mitteleuropa. Teil I: Grundzüge Der Chronologie Im Östlichen Mitteleuropa (11.-8. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) ». Jahrbuch Des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, 1998, 1‑142.\n"}, "p09hq4nvft9": {"id": "p09hq4nvft9", "type": "Period", "label": "Hallstatt C1a", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt C1a"], "fr": ["HAC1a", "Hallstatt C1a"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nf9n4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0750"}, "label": "-751"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Milcent, Pierre-Yves. Le Premier Âge Du Fer En France Centrale. 2 vol. Mémoire, XXXIV. Paris: Société préhistorique française, 2004.\n- Pare, Christopher. « Beiträge Zum Übergang von Der Bronze- Zur Eisenzeit in Mitteleuropa. Teil I: Grundzüge Der Chronologie Im Östlichen Mitteleuropa (11.-8. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) ». Jahrbuch Des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, 1998, 1‑142.\n"}, "p09hq4ngvjk": {"id": "p09hq4ngvjk", "type": "Period", "label": "Hallstatt C1b", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt C1b"], "fr": ["HAC1b", "Hallstatt C1b"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nf9n4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0749"}, "label": "-750"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0725"}, "label": "-726"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Milcent, Pierre-Yves. Le Premier Âge Du Fer En France Centrale. 2 vol. Mémoire, XXXIV. Paris: Société préhistorique française, 2004.\n- Pare, Christopher. « Beiträge Zum Übergang von Der Bronze- Zur Eisenzeit in Mitteleuropa. Teil I: Grundzüge Der Chronologie Im Östlichen Mitteleuropa (11.-8. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) ». Jahrbuch Des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, 1998, 1‑142."}, "p09hq4nk8b3": {"id": "p09hq4nk8b3", "type": "Period", "label": "Hallstatt C2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt C2"], "fr": ["HAC2", "Hallstatt C2"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nx7cb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0724"}, "label": "-725"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0620"}, "label": "-621"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Milcent, Pierre-Yves. Le Premier Âge Du Fer En France Centrale. 2 vol. Mémoire, XXXIV. Paris: Société préhistorique française, 2004.\n- Pare, Christopher. « Beiträge Zum Übergang von Der Bronze- Zur Eisenzeit in Mitteleuropa. Teil I: Grundzüge Der Chronologie Im Östlichen Mitteleuropa (11.-8. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) ». Jahrbuch Des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, 1998, 1‑142."}, "p09hq4n76xc": {"id": "p09hq4n76xc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/crtEi7ipFezJq", "label": "Hallstatt D", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt D"], "fr": ["HAD", "Hallstatt D"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ncspk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0619"}, "label": "-620"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0480"}, "label": "-481"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019.\n- Milcent, Pierre-Yves. Le Premier Âge Du Fer En France Centrale. 2 vol. Mémoire, XXXIV. Paris: Société préhistorique française, 2004.\n"}, "p09hq4n77cv": {"id": "p09hq4n77cv", "type": "Period", "label": "Hallstatt D1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt D1"], "fr": ["HAD1", "Hallstatt D1"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n76xc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0619"}, "label": "-620"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0530"}, "label": "-531"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Milcent, Pierre-Yves. Le Premier Âge Du Fer En France Centrale. 2 vol. Mémoire, XXXIV. Paris: Société préhistorique française, 2004."}, "p09hq4nfggw": {"id": "p09hq4nfggw", "type": "Period", "label": "Hallstatt D2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt D2"], "fr": ["HAD2", "Hallstatt D2"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n76xc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0529"}, "label": "-530"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0500"}, "label": "-501"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Milcent, Pierre-Yves. Le Premier Âge Du Fer En France Centrale. 2 vol. Mémoire, XXXIV. Paris: Société préhistorique française, 2004."}, "p09hq4nbzwf": {"id": "p09hq4nbzwf", "type": "Period", "label": "Hallstatt D3", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hallstatt D3"], "fr": ["HAD3", "Hallstatt D3"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n76xc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0499"}, "label": "-500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0480"}, "label": "-481"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019.\n- Milcent, Pierre-Yves. Le Premier Âge Du Fer En France Centrale. 2 vol. Mémoire, XXXIV. Paris: Société préhistorique française, 2004."}, "p09hq4ntk3v": {"id": "p09hq4ntk3v", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtbm5GVtzrbP", "label": "La Tène A", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène A"], "fr": ["LTA", "La Tène A"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr44tnn"], "broader": "p09hq4ncspk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "-480"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0380"}, "label": "-381"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4nndw9": {"id": "p09hq4nndw9", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène A1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène A1"], "fr": ["LTA1", "La Tène A1"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ntk3v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "-480"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0420"}, "label": "-421"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4n7gkg": {"id": "p09hq4n7gkg", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène A1a", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène A1a"], "fr": ["LTA1a", "La Tène A1a"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nndw9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0479"}, "label": "-480"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0450"}, "label": "-451"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4n43g3": {"id": "p09hq4n43g3", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène A1b", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène A1b"], "fr": ["LTA1b", "La Tène A1b"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nndw9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0449"}, "label": "-450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0420"}, "label": "-421"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4n54cn": {"id": "p09hq4n54cn", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène A2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène A2"], "fr": ["LTA2", "La Tène A2"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ntk3v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0419"}, "label": "-420"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0380"}, "label": "-381"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4nj4h9": {"id": "p09hq4nj4h9", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtpz5a27rtgG", "label": "La Tène B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène B"], "fr": ["LTB", "La Tène B"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4zcxz"], "broader": "p09hq4ncspk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0379"}, "label": "-380"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0260"}, "label": "-261"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012.\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4nw4zc": {"id": "p09hq4nw4zc", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène B1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène B1"], "fr": ["LTB1", "La Tène B1"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nj4h9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0379"}, "label": "-380"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0320"}, "label": "-321"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4ntkss": {"id": "p09hq4ntkss", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène B1a", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène B1a"], "fr": ["LTB1a", "La Tène B1a"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nw4zc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0379"}, "label": "-380"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0350"}, "label": "-351"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4n5n2v": {"id": "p09hq4n5n2v", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène B1b", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène B1b"], "fr": ["LTB1b", "La Tène B1b"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nw4zc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0349"}, "label": "-350"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0320"}, "label": "-321"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4n67mq": {"id": "p09hq4n67mq", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène B2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène B2"], "fr": ["LTB2", "La Tène B2"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nj4h9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0319"}, "label": "-320"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0260"}, "label": "-261"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012.\n- Gentner, Steeve. « Céramique, économie et société en rive droite du Rhin supérieur, du Vème à la première moitié du IIIème siècle avant notre ère ». These de doctorat, Strasbourg, 2019."}, "p09hq4nb7qh": {"id": "p09hq4nb7qh", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtei2oEUwwbf", "label": "La Tène C", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène C"], "fr": ["LTC", "La Tène C"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr43zrc"], "broader": "p09hq4ncspk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0259"}, "label": "-260"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0150"}, "label": "-151"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4nqv7g": {"id": "p09hq4nqv7g", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène C1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène C1"], "fr": ["LTC1", "La Tène C1"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nb7qh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0259"}, "label": "-260"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0200"}, "label": "-201"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4ns5qv": {"id": "p09hq4ns5qv", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène C1a", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène C1a"], "fr": ["LTC1a", "La Tène C1a"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqv7g", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0259"}, "label": "-260"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0225"}, "label": "-226"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4nwvtm": {"id": "p09hq4nwvtm", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène C1b", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène C1b"], "fr": ["LTC1b", "La Tène C1b"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqv7g", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0224"}, "label": "-225"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0200"}, "label": "-201"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4nxcb3": {"id": "p09hq4nxcb3", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène C2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène C2"], "fr": ["La Tène C2"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nb7qh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "-200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0150"}, "label": "-151"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4nr4f2": {"id": "p09hq4nr4f2", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène C2a", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène C2a"], "fr": ["LTC2a", "La Tène C2a"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nxcb3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0199"}, "label": "-200"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0175"}, "label": "-176"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4nnc2w": {"id": "p09hq4nnc2w", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène C2b", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène C2b"], "fr": ["LTC2b", "La Tène C2b"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nxcb3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0174"}, "label": "-175"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0150"}, "label": "-151"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4n3gn6": {"id": "p09hq4n3gn6", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtRJxa5OT7xR", "label": "La Tène D", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène D"], "fr": ["LTD", "La Tène D"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4t3dk"], "broader": "p09hq4ncspk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0149"}, "label": "-150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0025"}, "label": "-26"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4npvrp": {"id": "p09hq4npvrp", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène D1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène D1"], "fr": ["LTD1", "La Tène D1"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n3gn6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0149"}, "label": "-150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0075"}, "label": "-76"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4n59r7": {"id": "p09hq4n59r7", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène D1a", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène D1a"], "fr": ["LTD1a", "La Tène D1a"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npvrp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0149"}, "label": "-150"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0125"}, "label": "-126"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4nct5d": {"id": "p09hq4nct5d", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène D1b", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène D1b"], "fr": ["LTD1b", "La Tène D1b"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npvrp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0124"}, "label": "-125"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0075"}, "label": "-76"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4n2bmm": {"id": "p09hq4n2bmm", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène D2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène D2"], "fr": ["LTD2", "La Tène D2"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n3gn6", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0074"}, "label": "-75"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0025"}, "label": "-26"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4ntxph": {"id": "p09hq4ntxph", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène D2a", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène D2a"], "fr": ["LTD2a", "La Tène D2a"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2bmm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0074"}, "label": "-75"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0050"}, "label": "-51"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4nng3z": {"id": "p09hq4nng3z", "type": "Period", "label": "La Tène D2b", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène D2b"], "fr": ["LTD2b", "La Tène D2b"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2bmm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0049"}, "label": "-50"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0025"}, "label": "-26"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. The territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Le territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4n72qj": {"id": "p09hq4n72qj", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtIkSWVMVuqB", "label": "Empire romain d'Occident", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Western Roman Empire"], "fr": ["Empire romain d'Occident"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4hxgd"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476"}, "note": "Selon Wikipédia: \"À sa mort [de Théodose Ier], en 395, l'Empire fut définitivement réparti entre un Occident et un Orient romains. La disparition de l'Empire romain d'Occident est conventionnellement située au moment de l'abdication de l'empereur-usurpateur Romulus Augustule, le 4 septembre 476.\" (Wikipédia, https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire_romain_d%27Occident)", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4n8mnb": {"id": "p09hq4n8mnb", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtglKdV7BFE7", "label": " Époque augustéenne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Augustéen", "Principat", " Époque augustéenne"], "en": ["Augustan period", "Augustan"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4zj4g"], "broader": "p09hq4ndnxt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0024"}, "label": "-25"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "14"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS and on the books:\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS et sur les ouvrages :\n\n- Barral, Philippe, et Stephan Fichtl, éd. Regards sur la chronologie de la fin de l’âge du Fer (IIIe - Ier siècle avant J.-C.) en Gaule non méditerranéenne : actes de la table ronde tenue à Bibracte, Glux-en-Glenne, 15 - 17 octobre 2007 ; Table Ronde sur la Chronologie de la Fin de l’âge du Fer dans l’Est de la France. Collection Bibracte 22. Glux-en-Glenne: Bibracte, Centre Archéologique Européen, 2012."}, "p09hq4n5kfm": {"id": "p09hq4n5kfm", "type": "Period", "label": "Début Ier siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin époque augustéenne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Beginning 1st century CE - End Augustan period"], "fr": ["Début Ier siècle EC - Fin époque augustéenne", "Début Ier siècle EC - Fin Principat", "Début Ier siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin époque augustéenne"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n8mnb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0001"}, "label": "1"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0014"}, "label": "14"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4nsgxz": {"id": "p09hq4nsgxz", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtH5r3FYBpwe", "label": "Haut-Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Roman Empire"], "fr": ["Haut-Empire"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4847s"], "broader": "p09hq4ndnxt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0015"}, "label": "15"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235"}, "note": "Il constitue, avec le Bas-Empire, une des deux découpes historiographiques de l'Empire romain telle que vue par les historiens français. Ces termes sont des concepts très usuels, mais leurs limites chronologiques respectives ne sont pas fixées de façon unanime. Elle désigne la première période de l’Empire romain, qui débute en 27 av. J.-C. avec le principat d'Auguste, et inclut le règne idéalisé des Antonins. (Wikipédia)", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS."}, "p09hq4ns689": {"id": "p09hq4ns689", "type": "Period", "label": "Ier siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Haut-Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["1st century CE - Beginning of Early Empire"], "fr": ["Ier siècle EC - Début Haut-Empire", "Ier siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Haut-Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nsgxz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0015"}, "label": "15"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4njk9v": {"id": "p09hq4njk9v", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié Ier siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Haut-Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié Ier siècle EC - Début Haut-Empire", "1e moitié Ier siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Haut-Empire"], "en": ["1st half of the 1st century CE - Early Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ns689", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0015"}, "label": "15"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0050"}, "label": "50"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4nwgzx": {"id": "p09hq4nwgzx", "type": "Period", "label": "IIIe siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Haut-Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIIe siècle EC - Fin Haut-Empire", "IIIe siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Haut-Empire"], "en": ["3rd century CE - End of Early Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nsgxz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0201"}, "label": "201"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0235"}, "label": "235"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4nf6jf": {"id": "p09hq4nf6jf", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtwopiLhK1Ek", "label": "Bas-Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Antiquité tardive", "Bas-Empire"], "en": ["Later Roman Empire", "Late antiquity"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr45md8", "p02chr45b7p"], "broader": "p09hq4ndnxt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0236"}, "label": "236"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "395"}, "note": "Période de l’histoire européenne et méditerranéenne qui commence à la fin du IIIe siècle mais dont le terme est beaucoup plus flou. Elle n’est employée qu’en référence aux pays ayant appartenu au monde romain : les régions d’Europe occidentale, orientale et méridionale, d’Asie et d’Afrique autour du bassin méditerranéen mais se prolonge bien au-delà de la fin de l’Empire romain d’Occident en 476.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nfttg": {"id": "p09hq4nfttg", "type": "Period", "label": "IIIe siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Bas-Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIIe siècle EC - Début Bas-Empire", "IIIe siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Bas-Empire"], "en": ["3rd century CE - Beginning of Later Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nf6jf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0236"}, "label": "236"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0300"}, "label": "300"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4nmbfp": {"id": "p09hq4nmbfp", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IIIe siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas-Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IIIe siècle EC - Bas-Empire", "1e moitié IIIe siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas-Empire"], "en": ["1st half of the 3rd century CE - Later Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nfttg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0236"}, "label": "236"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0250"}, "label": "250"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4nhrnw": {"id": "p09hq4nhrnw", "type": "Period", "label": "Ve siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Bas-Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ve siècle EC - Fin Bas-Empire", "Ve siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Bas-Empire"], "en": ["5th century CE - End of Later Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nf6jf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0401"}, "label": "401"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4ns2v9": {"id": "p09hq4ns2v9", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié Ve siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas-Empire", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié Ve siècle EC - Bas-Empire", "2e moitié Ve siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas-Empire"], "en": ["2nd half of the 5th century CE - End of Later Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nhrnw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0451"}, "label": "451"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0476"}, "label": "476"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4n4vzw": {"id": "p09hq4n4vzw", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtAQyKm9qosx", "label": "Moyen Âge", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Ages"], "fr": ["Période médiévale", "Époque médiévale", "Moyen Âge"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4zc8c"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0477"}, "label": "477"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1491"}, "label": "1491"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nwxjr": {"id": "p09hq4nwxjr", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtOA7J729U5c", "label": "Haut Moyen Âge", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Middle Ages"], "fr": ["Haut Moyen Âge"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4scv9"], "broader": "p09hq4n4vzw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0477"}, "label": "477"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0986"}, "label": "986"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4n3m26": {"id": "p09hq4n3m26", "type": "Period", "label": "Ve siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Haut Moyen Âge", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ve siècle CE - Début Haut Moyen Âge", "Ve siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Haut Moyen Âge"], "en": ["5th century CE - Beginning of Early Middle Ages"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nwxjr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0477"}, "label": "477"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nkx6s": {"id": "p09hq4nkx6s", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié VIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié VIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié VIe siècle EC", "1e moitié 6e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié VIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 6th century CE", "first half 6th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2k76", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0501"}, "label": "501"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "550"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4ngstf": {"id": "p09hq4ngstf", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié VIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié VIe siècle apr. J.C.", "deuxième moitié VIe siècle apr. J.C.", "2e moitié 6e siècle apr. J.C.", "2e moitié VIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 6th century CE", "second half 6th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n2k76", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0551"}, "label": "551"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0600"}, "label": "600"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nrds3": {"id": "p09hq4nrds3", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié VIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié VIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié VIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 7e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié VIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 7th century CE", "first half 7th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nk8fx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0601"}, "label": "601"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0650"}, "label": "650"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nntqw": {"id": "p09hq4nntqw", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié VIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié VIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié VIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 7e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié VIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 7th century CE", "second half 7th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nk8fx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0651"}, "label": "651"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nhxw9": {"id": "p09hq4nhxw9", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié VIIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié VIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié VIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 8e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié VIIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 8th century CE", "first half 8th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngpmv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0701"}, "label": "701"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "750"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nd67j": {"id": "p09hq4nd67j", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié VIIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié VIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié VIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 8e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié VIIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 8th century CE", "second half 8th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ngpmv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0751"}, "label": "751"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4npg64": {"id": "p09hq4npg64", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IXe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié IXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 9e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié IXe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 9th century CE", "first half 9th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nqm4r", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0801"}, "label": "801"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0850"}, "label": "850"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n92r9": {"id": "p09hq4n92r9", "type": "Period", "label": "Xe siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Haut Moyen Âge", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Xe siècle CE - Fin Haut Moyen Âge", "Xe siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Haut Moyen Âge"], "en": ["10th century CE - End of Early Middle Ages"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nwxjr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0901"}, "label": "901"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0986"}, "label": "986"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4n6wgg": {"id": "p09hq4n6wgg", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié Xe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié Xe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié Xe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 10e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié Xe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 10th century CE", "first half of the 10th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ndphj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0901"}, "label": "901"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0950"}, "label": "950"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nhdfj": {"id": "p09hq4nhdfj", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié Xe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié Xe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié Xe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 10e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié Xe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 10th century CE", "second half 10th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ndphj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "0951"}, "label": "951"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n9n5n": {"id": "p09hq4n9n5n", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié Xe siècle apr. J.-C. - Haut Moyen Âge", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié Xe siècle EC - Haut Moyen Âge", "2e moitié Xe siècle apr. J.-C. - Haut Moyen Âge"], "en": ["2nd half of the 10th century CE - Early Middle Ages"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n92r9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0951"}, "label": "951"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0986"}, "label": "986"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nbtfj": {"id": "p09hq4nbtfj", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtAjWBVFSefH", "label": "Moyen Âge classique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["High Middle Ages"], "fr": ["Moyen Âge classique"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr458g8"], "broader": "p09hq4n4vzw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0987"}, "label": "987"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1328"}, "label": "1328"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nvcmz": {"id": "p09hq4nvcmz", "type": "Period", "label": "Xe siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Moyen Âge classique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Xe siècle EC - Début Moyen Âge classique", "Xe siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Moyen Âge classique"], "en": ["10th century CE - Beginning of High Middle Ages"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nbtfj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0987"}, "label": "987"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1000"}, "label": "1000"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4ncqb4": {"id": "p09hq4ncqb4", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 11e siècle apr. 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La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n9hk6": {"id": "p09hq4n9hk6", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 11e siècle apr. 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La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nkbr5": {"id": "p09hq4nkbr5", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 12e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié XIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half of the 12th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n6zdd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1101"}, "label": "1101"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1150"}, "label": "1150"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nh9kx": {"id": "p09hq4nh9kx", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 12e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié XIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 12th century CE", "second half 12th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n6zdd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1151"}, "label": "1151"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nsk4x": {"id": "p09hq4nsk4x", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 13e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié XIIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 13th century CE", "first half 13th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nkn9m", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1201"}, "label": "1201"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1250"}, "label": "1250"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n9xgd": {"id": "p09hq4n9xgd", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XIIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 13e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié XIIIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 13th century CE", "second half 13th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nkn9m", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1251"}, "label": "1251"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1300"}, "label": "1300"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nt93s": {"id": "p09hq4nt93s", "type": "Period", "label": "XIVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Moyen Âge classique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["14th century CE - End of High Middle Ages"], "fr": ["XIVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Moyen Âge classique"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nbtfj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1301"}, "label": "1301"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1328"}, "label": "1328"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nw23f": {"id": "p09hq4nw23f", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtkWqzTusoxz", "label": "Bas Moyen Âge", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Middle Ages"], "fr": ["Bas Moyen Âge"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr49ctv"], "broader": "p09hq4n4vzw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1329"}, "label": "1329"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1491"}, "label": "1491"}, "note": "Époque distinguée par l'historiographie pour désigner la fin du Moyen Âge en France, en particulier les XIVe et XVe siècles. Elle précède ainsi la Renaissance en succédant au Moyen Âge classique.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4ntqbz": {"id": "p09hq4ntqbz", "type": "Period", "label": "XIVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Bas Moyen Âge ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XIVe siècle CE - Bas Moyen Âge ", "XIVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Bas Moyen Âge "], "en": ["14th century CE - Late Middle Ages"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nw23f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1329"}, "label": "1329"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nkgn9": {"id": "p09hq4nkgn9", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas Moyen Âge", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIVe siècle CE - Bas Moyen Âge", "1e moitié XIVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas Moyen Âge"], "en": ["1st half of the 14th century CE - Late Middle Ages"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ntqbz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1329"}, "label": "1329"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1350"}, "label": "1350"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4n8j2r": {"id": "p09hq4n8j2r", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XIVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 14e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié XIVe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 14th century CE", "first half 14th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npkb3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1301"}, "label": "1301"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1350"}, "label": "1350"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nt3bb": {"id": "p09hq4nt3bb", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XIVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XIVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XIVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 14e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié XIVe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 14th century CE", "second half 14th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npkb3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1351"}, "label": "1351"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1400"}, "label": "1400"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nhnxh": {"id": "p09hq4nhnxh", "type": "Period", "label": "XVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas Moyen Âge ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVe siècle CE - Bas Moyen Âge ", "XVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas Moyen Âge "], "en": ["15th century CE - Late Middle Ages"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nw23f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1401"}, "label": "1401"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1491"}, "label": "1491"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4ntpm4": {"id": "p09hq4ntpm4", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 15e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié XVe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 15th century CE", "first half 15th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4njrfc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1401"}, "label": "1401"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1450"}, "label": "1450"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n3p6v": {"id": "p09hq4n3p6v", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XVe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XVe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 15e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié XVe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 15th century CE", "second half 15th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4njrfc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1451"}, "label": "1451"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n3t77": {"id": "p09hq4n3t77", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas Moyen Âge", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XVe siècle EC - Bas Moyen Âge", "2e moitié XVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Bas Moyen Âge"], "en": ["2nd half of the 15th century CE  - Late Middle Ages"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nhnxh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1451"}, "label": "1451"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1491"}, "label": "1491"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nbhqk": {"id": "p09hq4nbhqk", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtPSEEZSBEJp", "label": "Moderne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Époque Moderne", "Période Moderne", "Moderne"], "en": ["Early Modern period"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr478fd"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4njbs7": {"id": "p09hq4njbs7", "type": "Period", "label": "XVe siècle apr. 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It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4n3k4h": {"id": "p09hq4n3k4h", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XVIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XVIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XVIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 16e siècle apr. 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La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nbzbp": {"id": "p09hq4nbzbp", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XVIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XVIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XVIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 17e siècle apr. 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La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nq74w": {"id": "p09hq4nq74w", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XVIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XVIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XVIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 17e siècle apr. 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La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nt8wc": {"id": "p09hq4nt8wc", "type": "Period", "label": "XVIIIe siècle EC - Fin Moderne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVIIIe siècle apr. 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It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nj9cd": {"id": "p09hq4nj9cd", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XVIIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XVIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XVIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 18e siècle apr. 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La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n3w7q": {"id": "p09hq4n3w7q", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XVIIIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XVIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XVIIIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 18e siècle apr. 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La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nkpnt": {"id": "p09hq4nkpnt", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XVIIIe siècle EC - Moderne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XVIIIe siècle apr. J.-C. - Moderne", "2e moitié XVIIIe siècle EC - Moderne"], "en": ["2nd half of the 18th century CE - Early Modern period"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nt8wc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1751"}, "label": "1751"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1789"}, "label": "1789"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nsxnz": {"id": "p09hq4nsxnz", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt59R77d1H15", "label": "Contemporaine", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["période contemporaine", "époque contemporaine", "Contemporaine"], "en": ["Late Modern period"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr44stv"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1790"}, "label": "1790"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100"}, "note": "Du XIXe siècle à nos jours.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is based on the periodization set up by INRAP and PACTOLS.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle se fonde sur la périodisation mise en place par l'INRAP et PACTOLS.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nhpqz": {"id": "p09hq4nhpqz", "type": "Period", "label": "XVIIIe siècle EC - Début Contemporaine ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["XVIIIe siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Contemporaine ", "XVIIIe siècle EC - Début Contemporaine "], "en": ["18th century CE - Beginning of Late Modern period"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nsxnz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "1790"}, "label": "1790"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1800"}, "label": "1800"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nfz39": {"id": "p09hq4nfz39", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XIXe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XIXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XIXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 19e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié XIXe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 19th century CE", "first half 19th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ns9gt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1801"}, "label": "1801"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1850"}, "label": "1850"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4njqf4": {"id": "p09hq4njqf4", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XIXe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XIXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XIXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 19e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié XIXe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 19th century CE", "second half 19th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ns9gt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1851"}, "label": "1851"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1900"}, "label": "1900"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4n6d56": {"id": "p09hq4n6d56", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XXe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 20e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié XXe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 20th century CE", "first half 20th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nkxk3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1901"}, "label": "1901"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1950"}, "label": "1950"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs.", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4npv33": {"id": "p09hq4npv33", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XXe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XXe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 20e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié XXe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 20th century CE", "second half 20th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nkxk3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "1951"}, "label": "1951"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nd92t": {"id": "p09hq4nd92t", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié XXIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié XXIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "première moitié XXIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié 21e siècle apr. J.-C.", "1e moitié XXIe siècle EC"], "en": ["1st half 21th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n9qwd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "2001"}, "label": "2001"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2050"}, "label": "2050"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nx4f5": {"id": "p09hq4nx4f5", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié XXIe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié XXIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié XXIe siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié 21e siècle apr. J.-C.", "2e moitié XXIe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 21th century CE", "second half 21th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n9qwd", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "2051"}, "label": "2051"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2100"}, "label": "2100"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.The nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.The sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN. La nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.Les sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs. ", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth"}, "p09hq4nmpw5": {"id": "p09hq4nmpw5", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IXe siècle EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IXe siècle par. J.-C.", "deuxième moitié IXe siècle par. J.-C.", "2e moitié 9e siècle par. J.-C.", "2e moitié IXe siècle EC"], "en": ["2nd half 9th century CE", "second half 9th century CE"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n265q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"in": {"year": "0851"}, "label": "851"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900"}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4nz986": {"id": "p09hq4nz986", "type": "Period", "label": "IVe siècle EC – début Empire romain d'Occident", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IVe siècle apr. J.-C. – début Empire romain d'Occident", "IVe siècle EC – début Empire romain d'Occident"], "en": ["4th century CE – Beginning of Western Roman Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n72qj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4ndnxt": {"id": "p09hq4ndnxt", "type": "Period", "label": "Empire romain", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Empire"], "fr": ["Empire romain"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p02chr4hd5t"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"label": "-25", "in": {"year": "-0024"}}, "stop": {"label": "395", "in": {"year": "0395"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It corresponds to the Roman Empire until its separation.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle correspond à l'Empire romain jusqu'à sa séparation."}, "p09hq4npdfn": {"id": "p09hq4npdfn", "type": "Period", "label": "IVe siècle EC - Fin Empire romain", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Empire romain", "IVe siècle EC - Fin Empire romain"], "en": ["4th century CE - End Roman Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nf6jf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0301"}, "label": "301"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "395"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4nx3nn": {"id": "p09hq4nx3nn", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IVe siècle EC – Fin Empire romain", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IVe siècle apr. J.-C. – Fin Empire romain", "2e moitié IVe siècle EC – Fin Empire romain"], "en": ["2nd half 4th century CE - End Roman Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npdfn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0351"}, "label": "351"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0395"}, "label": "395"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology from the Palaeolithic to the present day, for a central-western part of continental Europe and for the Mediterranean region. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale et pour le bassin méditerrannéen. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4n2cvx": {"id": "p09hq4n2cvx", "type": "Period", "label": "Proto-archaïque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Proto-archaic"], "fr": ["Proto-archaïque"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235", "label": "Monaco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q228", "label": "Andorra"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1410", "label": "Gibraltar"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean and Black Sea region", "start": {"label": "-1200", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "stop": {"label": "-801", "in": {"year": "-0800"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. It is based on the chronology set up by Sophie BOUFFIER for the ArkeoGIS project.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée au bassin méditerranéen et à la Mer Noire. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Sophie BOUFFIER pour le projet ArkeoGIS."}, "p09hq4n9v9d": {"id": "p09hq4n9v9d", "type": "Period", "label": "Archaïque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic"], "fr": ["Archaïque"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235", "label": "Monaco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q228", "label": "Andorra"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1410", "label": "Gibraltar"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean and Black Sea region", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0799"}, "label": "-800"}, "stop": {"label": "-501", "in": {"year": "-0500"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. It is based on the chronology set up by Sophie BOUFFIER for the ArkeoGIS project.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée au bassin méditerranéen et à la Mer Noire. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Sophie BOUFFIER pour le projet ArkeoGIS."}, "p09hq4n8z7c": {"id": "p09hq4n8z7c", "type": "Period", "label": "Classique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classic"], "fr": ["Classique"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235", "label": "Monaco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q228", "label": "Andorra"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1410", "label": "Gibraltar"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean and Black Sea region", "start": {"label": "-500", "in": {"year": "-0499"}}, "stop": {"label": "-326", "in": {"year": "-0325"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. It is based on the chronology set up by Sophie BOUFFIER for the ArkeoGIS project.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée au bassin méditerranéen et à la Mer Noire. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Sophie BOUFFIER pour le projet ArkeoGIS."}, "p09hq4n87jk": {"id": "p09hq4n87jk", "type": "Period", "label": "IVe siècle AEC - Fin Classique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IVe siècle av. J.-C. - Fin Classique", "IVe siècle AEC - Fin Classique"], "en": ["4th century BCE - End Classic"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n8z7c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235", "label": "Monaco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q228", "label": "Andorra"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1410", "label": "Gibraltar"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean and Black Sea region", "start": {"label": "-400", "in": {"year": "-0399"}}, "stop": {"label": "-326", "in": {"year": "-0325"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. It is based on the chronology set up by Sophie BOUFFIER for the ArkeoGIS project. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée au bassin méditerranéen et à la Mer Noire. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Sophie BOUFFIER pour le projet ArkeoGIS. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4nqdrj": {"id": "p09hq4nqdrj", "type": "Period", "label": "Hellénistique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic"], "fr": ["Hellénistique"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235", "label": "Monaco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q228", "label": "Andorra"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1410", "label": "Gibraltar"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean and Black Sea region", "start": {"label": "-325", "in": {"year": "-0324"}}, "stop": {"label": "-26", "in": {"year": "-0025"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. It is based on the chronology set up by Sophie BOUFFIER for the ArkeoGIS project.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée au bassin méditerranéen et à la Mer Noire. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Sophie BOUFFIER pour le projet ArkeoGIS."}, "p09hq4n4drr": {"id": "p09hq4n4drr", "type": "Period", "label": "Empire romain d'Orient", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Eastern Roman Empire"], "fr": ["Empire romain d'Orient"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235", "label": "Monaco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q228", "label": "Andorra"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1410", "label": "Gibraltar"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean and Black Sea region", "start": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0636"}, "label": "636"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. It is based on the chronology set up by Sophie BOUFFIER for the ArkeoGIS project.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée au bassin méditerranéen et à la Mer Noire. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Sophie BOUFFIER pour le projet ArkeoGIS."}, "p09hq4nx33w": {"id": "p09hq4nx33w", "type": "Period", "label": "IVe siècle EC - Début Empire romain d'Orient", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IVe siècle apr. J.-C. - Début Empire romain d'Orient", "IVe siècle EC - Début Empire romain d'Orient"], "en": ["4th century CE - Start of the Eastern Roman Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4drr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235", "label": "Monaco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q228", "label": "Andorra"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1410", "label": "Gibraltar"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean and Black Sea region", "start": {"in": {"year": "0396"}, "label": "396"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0400"}, "label": "400"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. It is based on the chronology set up by Sophie BOUFFIER for the ArkeoGIS project. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée au bassin méditerranéen et à la Mer Noire. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Sophie BOUFFIER pour le projet ArkeoGIS. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4nc4h6": {"id": "p09hq4nc4h6", "type": "Period", "label": "VIIe siècle EC - Fin Empire romain d'Orient", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["VIIe siècle apr. J.-C. - Fin Empire romain d'Orient", "VIIe siècle EC - Fin Empire romain d'Orient"], "en": ["7th century CE - End Eastern Roman Empire"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n4drr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45", "label": "Portugal"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29", "label": "Spain"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q235", "label": "Monaco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215", "label": "Slovenia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q224", "label": "Croatia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225", "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q236", "label": "Montenegro"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q222", "label": "Albania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q221", "label": "North Macedonia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1246", "label": "Kosovo"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q219", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159", "label": "Russia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q230", "label": "Georgia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43", "label": "Turkey"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q858", "label": "Syria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822", "label": "Lebanon"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q810", "label": "Jordan"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q801", "label": "Israel"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79", "label": "Egypt"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1016", "label": "Libya"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q948", "label": "Tunisia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q262", "label": "Algeria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1028", "label": "Morocco"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q228", "label": "Andorra"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q233", "label": "Malta"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1410", "label": "Gibraltar"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Mediterranean and Black Sea region", "start": {"in": {"year": "0601"}, "label": "601"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0636"}, "label": "636"}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. It is based on the chronology set up by Sophie BOUFFIER for the ArkeoGIS project. It allows to link the relative chronology to the Gregorian calendar.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée au bassin méditerranéen et à la Mer Noire. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Sophie BOUFFIER pour le projet ArkeoGIS. Elle permet de rattacher la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien."}, "p09hq4nqk5s": {"id": "p09hq4nqk5s", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtil5znJ6Z4o", "label": "Lithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lithic"], "fr": ["Lithique"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q778", "label": "Bahamas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5785", "label": "Cayman Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766", "label": "Jamaica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18221", "label": "Turks and Caicos Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1183", "label": "Puerto Rico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25305", "label": "British Virgin Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q781", "label": "Antigua and Barbuda"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13353", "label": "Montserrat"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q784", "label": "Dominica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q760", "label": "Saint Lucia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q757", "label": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q244", "label": "Barbados"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q769", "label": "Grenada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q754", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25228", "label": "Anguilla"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q763", "label": "Saint Kitts and Nevis"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25279", "label": "Curaçao"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21203", "label": "Aruba"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Antilles", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4599"}, "label": "-4600"}, "stop": {"label": "-3001", "in": {"year": "-3000"}}, "note": "L’âge lithique est marqué par un mode de vie nomade, vivant de chasse et de pêche, sans cultures végétales identifiées, sans utilisation de céramique, et avec une utilisation d’outils en pierre taillés et non polis.\nLes sites sont concentrés uniquement dans les Grandes Antilles et à Trinidad.\n\nThe Lithic Age is marked by a nomadic lifestyle, living from hunting and fishing, with no identified plant crops, no use of ceramics, and the use of carved and unpolished stone tools.\nSites are concentrated only in the Greater Antilles and Trinidad.\n\n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Antilles. It is based on the chronology set up by Alain QUEFFELEC for the studies of stone ornaments.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée aux Antilles. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Alain QUEFFELEC pour les études de parure en pierre."}, "p09hq4nk8p2": {"id": "p09hq4nk8p2", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtrbngfr38zj", "label": "Archaïque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Mésoindien", "Archaïque"], "en": ["Archaic", "Mesoindian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q778", "label": "Bahamas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5785", "label": "Cayman Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766", "label": "Jamaica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18221", "label": "Turks and Caicos Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1183", "label": "Puerto Rico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25305", "label": "British Virgin Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q781", "label": "Antigua and Barbuda"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13353", "label": "Montserrat"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q784", "label": "Dominica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q760", "label": "Saint Lucia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q757", "label": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q244", "label": "Barbados"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q769", "label": "Grenada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q754", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25228", "label": "Anguilla"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q763", "label": "Saint Kitts and Nevis"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25279", "label": "Curaçao"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21203", "label": "Aruba"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Antilles", "start": {"label": "-3000", "in": {"year": "-2999"}}, "stop": {"label": "-501", "in": {"year": "-0500"}}, "note": "L’âge Archaïque est caractérisé par un peuplement de nomades vivant de chasse et de pêche, mais est aussi marqué par l’introduction de plantes depuis le continent, et par les premières utilisations de céramiques, bien que rares. Les productions lithiques intègrent des techniques diverses, débitage et polissage.\nLes sites se situent majoritairement dans les Grandes Antilles et à Trinidad, et aussi dans les Petites Antilles du Nord.\n\nThe Archaic Age is characterised by a nomadic population living from hunting and fishing, but is also marked by the introduction of plants from the continent, and by the first uses of ceramics, although rare. The lithic productions integrate various techniques, cutting and polishing.\nThe sites are mainly located in the Greater Antilles and Trinidad, and also in the Lesser Antilles of the North.\n\n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Antilles. It is based on the chronology set up by Alain QUEFFELEC for the studies of stone ornaments.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée aux Antilles. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Alain QUEFFELEC pour les études de parure en pierre."}, "p09hq4n7sh7": {"id": "p09hq4n7sh7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrthsp0msfrm3", "label": "Céramique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Néoindien", "Céramique"], "en": ["Ceramic", "Neoindian"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q778", "label": "Bahamas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5785", "label": "Cayman Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766", "label": "Jamaica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18221", "label": "Turks and Caicos Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1183", "label": "Puerto Rico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25305", "label": "British Virgin Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q781", "label": "Antigua and Barbuda"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13353", "label": "Montserrat"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q784", "label": "Dominica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q760", "label": "Saint Lucia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q757", "label": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q244", "label": "Barbados"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q769", "label": "Grenada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q754", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25228", "label": "Anguilla"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q763", "label": "Saint Kitts and Nevis"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25279", "label": "Curaçao"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21203", "label": "Aruba"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Antilles", "start": {"label": "-500", "in": {"year": "-0499"}}, "stop": {"label": "1491", "in": {"year": "1491"}}, "note": "L’âge Céramique correspond à l’occupation formative des Antilles par une migration depuis le bassin de l’Orénoque. L’utilisation de la Céramique se développe très fortement, ainsi que l’horticulture. Si la première phase ne concerne que les Petites Antilles et Puerto Rico, les phases suivantes concernent l’ensemble de l’arc caribéen.\n\nThe Ceramic Age corresponds to the formative occupation of the West Indies by a migration from the Orinoco basin. The use of ceramics developed very strongly, as did horticulture. If the first phase concerns only the Lesser Antilles and Puerto Rico, the following phases concern the whole Caribbean arc.\n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Antilles. It is based on the chronology set up by Alain QUEFFELEC for the studies of stone ornaments.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée aux Antilles. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Alain QUEFFELEC pour les études de parure en pierre."}, "p09hq4ntctj": {"id": "p09hq4ntctj", "type": "Period", "label": "Céramique ancien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Néoindien ancien ancien", "Céramique ancien"], "en": ["Early Ceramic", "Early Early Neoindian"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n7sh7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q778", "label": "Bahamas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5785", "label": "Cayman Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766", "label": "Jamaica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18221", "label": "Turks and Caicos Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1183", "label": "Puerto Rico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25305", "label": "British Virgin Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q781", "label": "Antigua and Barbuda"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13353", "label": "Montserrat"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q784", "label": "Dominica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q760", "label": "Saint Lucia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q757", "label": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q244", "label": "Barbados"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q769", "label": "Grenada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q754", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25228", "label": "Anguilla"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q763", "label": "Saint Kitts and Nevis"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25279", "label": "Curaçao"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21203", "label": "Aruba"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Antilles", "start": {"label": "-500", "in": {"year": "-0499"}}, "stop": {"label": "400", "in": {"year": "0400"}}, "note": "Les occupations du Céramique ancien sont caractérisées par une localisation côtière de villages de taille modeste, dont la subsistance se base essentiellement sur la pêche, ainsi que l’horticulture et la chasse d’espèces importées du continent. Les productions matérielles tranchent avec l’âge précédent et son plutôt homogène sur l’aire concernée, en particulier à travers les céramique de type Saladoïde (huecan et cedrosan), la production importante d’éléments de parure en pierres diverses, et un outillage sur coquille de lambi.\n\nThe Early Ceramic occupations are characterised by a coastal location of modest-sized villages, whose subsistence is based essentially on fishing, as well as horticulture and the hunting of species imported from the continent. The material production contrasts with the previous age and is rather homogeneous in the area concerned, in particular through Saladoid type ceramics (huecan and cedrosan), the important production of various stone ornaments, and lambi shell tools.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Antilles. It is based on the chronology set up by Alain QUEFFELEC for the studies of stone ornaments.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée aux Antilles. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Alain QUEFFELEC pour les études de parure en pierre."}, "p09hq4nshtc": {"id": "p09hq4nshtc", "type": "Period", "label": "Céramique moyen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Néoindien ancien récent", "Céramique moyen"], "en": ["Middle Ceramic", "Early Recent Neoindian"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n7sh7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q778", "label": "Bahamas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5785", "label": "Cayman Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766", "label": "Jamaica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18221", "label": "Turks and Caicos Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1183", "label": "Puerto Rico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25305", "label": "British Virgin Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q781", "label": "Antigua and Barbuda"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13353", "label": "Montserrat"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q784", "label": "Dominica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q760", "label": "Saint Lucia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q757", "label": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q244", "label": "Barbados"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q769", "label": "Grenada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q754", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25228", "label": "Anguilla"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q763", "label": "Saint Kitts and Nevis"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25279", "label": "Curaçao"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21203", "label": "Aruba"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Antilles", "start": {"in": {"year": "0401"}, "label": "401"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0800"}, "label": "800"}, "note": "Le Céramique moyen montre une évolution essentiellement endogène des pratiques des sociétés amérindiennes. L’appropriation du territoire se fait plus intense, avec un nombre de sites plus importants dont certains plus à l’intérieur des terres. Les céramiques se modifient, et l’expression symbolique également, avec l’apparition des trois-pointes et, probablement, des premières représentations rupestres.\n\nThe Middle Ceramic period shows an essentially endogenous evolution of the practices of Amerindian societies. The appropriation of the territory was more intense, with a greater number of sites, some of which were further inland. Ceramics were modified, as was symbolic expression, with the appearance of the three-pointed stick and, probably, the first rock representations.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Antilles. It is based on the chronology set up by Alain QUEFFELEC for the studies of stone ornaments.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée aux Antilles. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Alain QUEFFELEC pour les études de parure en pierre."}, "p09hq4nngsw": {"id": "p09hq4nngsw", "type": "Period", "label": "Céramique récent", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Néoindien récent ancien", "Céramique récent"], "en": ["Recent Ceramic", "Recent Early Neoindian"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n7sh7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q778", "label": "Bahamas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5785", "label": "Cayman Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766", "label": "Jamaica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18221", "label": "Turks and Caicos Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1183", "label": "Puerto Rico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25305", "label": "British Virgin Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q781", "label": "Antigua and Barbuda"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13353", "label": "Montserrat"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q784", "label": "Dominica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q760", "label": "Saint Lucia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q757", "label": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q244", "label": "Barbados"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q769", "label": "Grenada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q754", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25228", "label": "Anguilla"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q763", "label": "Saint Kitts and Nevis"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25279", "label": "Curaçao"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21203", "label": "Aruba"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Antilles", "start": {"in": {"year": "0801"}, "label": "801"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1200"}, "label": "1200"}, "note": "Le Céramique récent montre une occupation plus large de l’archipel antillais, ainsi que le début d’une régionalisation, visible en particulier sur les productions céramiques, qui se distinguent géographiquement, et qui perdent également en investissement technique par rapport aux périodes précédentes. La société se complexifie, devient plus hiérarchisée, et l’on retrouve des sites spécialisés, y compris des centres cérémoniels, en particulier dans les Grandes Antilles.\n\nThe Recent Ceramic period shows a wider occupation of the Antillean archipelago, as well as the beginning of a regionalization, visible in particular in the ceramic productions, which are geographically distinct, and which also lose in technical investment compared to the previous periods. Society became more complex and hierarchical, and specialised sites, including ceremonial centres, were found, particularly in the Greater Antilles. \n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Antilles. It is based on the chronology set up by Alain QUEFFELEC for the studies of stone ornaments.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée aux Antilles. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Alain QUEFFELEC pour les études de parure en pierre."}, "p09hq4nfnhh": {"id": "p09hq4nfnhh", "type": "Period", "label": "Céramique final", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Néoindien récent récent", "Céramique final"], "en": ["Late Ceramic", "Recent Recent Neoindian"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n7sh7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q778", "label": "Bahamas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5785", "label": "Cayman Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766", "label": "Jamaica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18221", "label": "Turks and Caicos Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1183", "label": "Puerto Rico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25305", "label": "British Virgin Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q781", "label": "Antigua and Barbuda"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13353", "label": "Montserrat"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q784", "label": "Dominica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q760", "label": "Saint Lucia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q757", "label": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q244", "label": "Barbados"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q769", "label": "Grenada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q754", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25228", "label": "Anguilla"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q763", "label": "Saint Kitts and Nevis"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25279", "label": "Curaçao"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21203", "label": "Aruba"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Antilles", "start": {"in": {"year": "1201"}, "label": "1201"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1491"}, "label": "1491"}, "note": "Le développement de sociétés complexes se poursuit au Céramique final, à l’échelle de l’archipel entier. La régionalisation se poursuit également, avec des différences marquées entre les Grandes Antilles et les Petites Antilles. \n\nThe development of complex societies continues in the Late Ceramic period, on the scale of the entire archipelago. Regionalization also continued, with marked differences between the Greater Antilles and the Lesser Antilles. ", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Antilles. It is based on the chronology set up by Alain QUEFFELEC for the studies of stone ornaments.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée aux Antilles. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Alain QUEFFELEC pour les études de parure en pierre."}, "p09hq4n27bg": {"id": "p09hq4n27bg", "type": "Period", "label": "Historique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Contact", "Historique"], "en": ["Historical", "Contact"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q778", "label": "Bahamas"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q241", "label": "Cuba"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5785", "label": "Cayman Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766", "label": "Jamaica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18221", "label": "Turks and Caicos Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q790", "label": "Haiti"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q786", "label": "Dominican Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1183", "label": "Puerto Rico"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25305", "label": "British Virgin Islands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q781", "label": "Antigua and Barbuda"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13353", "label": "Montserrat"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q784", "label": "Dominica"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q760", "label": "Saint Lucia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q757", "label": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q244", "label": "Barbados"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q769", "label": "Grenada"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q754", "label": "Trinidad and Tobago"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25228", "label": "Anguilla"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q763", "label": "Saint Kitts and Nevis"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q717", "label": "Venezuela"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q739", "label": "Colombia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q25279", "label": "Curaçao"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21203", "label": "Aruba"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Antilles", "start": {"in": {"year": "1492"}, "label": "1492"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2050"}, "label": "2050"}, "note": "L’âge Historique début avec les premiers contacts entre les colons européens et les Amérindiens et se poursuit jusqu’à l’actuel, en passant par la période coloniale. Ces quelques siècles ont vu une révolution démographique, culturelle, environnementale, se dérouler dans cette région du monde, qui, d’un point de vue archéologique, reste encore largement à étudier, afin de s’affronter aux connaissances textuelles très importantes dont nous disposons sur cette période.\n\nThe Historical Age begins with the first contacts between the European settlers and the Amerindians and continues until the present day, passing through the colonial period. These few centuries have seen a demographic, cultural and environmental revolution take place in this region of the world, which, from an archaeological point of view, remains largely unstudied, in order to confront the very important textual knowledge that we have on this period.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, as part of a general chronology applied to the Antilles. It is based on the chronology set up by Alain QUEFFELEC for the studies of stone ornaments.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale appliquée aux Antilles. Elle se fonde sur la chronologie mise en place par Alain QUEFFELEC pour les études de parure en pierre."}, "p09hq4nh7zp": {"id": "p09hq4nh7zp", "type": "Period", "label": "Ve millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["Ve millénaire av. J.-C.", "Ve millénaire AEC"], "en": ["5th millenium BCE", "5th millenium BC"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4999"}, "label": "-5000"}, "stop": {"label": "-4001", "in": {"year": "-4000"}}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4nxxds": {"id": "p09hq4nxxds", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié Ve millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié Ve millénaire av. J.-C.", "1e moitié Ve millénaire AEC"], "en": ["1st half 5th millenium BCE", "1st half 5th millenium BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nh7zp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"label": "-5000", "in": {"year": "-4999"}}, "stop": {"label": "-4501", "in": {"year": "-4500"}}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4nz2wp": {"id": "p09hq4nz2wp", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié Ve millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié Ve millénaire av. J.-C.", "2e moitié Ve millénaire AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 5th millenium BCE", "2nd half 5th millenium BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nh7zp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"label": "-4500", "in": {"year": "-4499"}}, "stop": {"label": "-4001", "in": {"year": "-4000"}}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4nntfj": {"id": "p09hq4nntfj", "type": "Period", "label": "IVe millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IVe millénaire av. J.-C.", "IVe millénaire AEC"], "en": ["4th millenium BCE", "4th millenium BC"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "-4000"}, "stop": {"label": "-3001", "in": {"year": "-3000"}}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4n8h89": {"id": "p09hq4n8h89", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IVe millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IVe millénaire av. J.-C.", "1e moitié IVe millénaire AEC"], "en": ["1st half 4th millenium BCE", "1st half 4th millenium BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nntfj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3999"}, "label": "-4000"}, "stop": {"label": "-3501", "in": {"year": "-3500"}}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4nw2j9": {"id": "p09hq4nw2j9", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IVe millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IVe millénaire av. J.-C.", "2e moitié IVe millénaire AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 4th millenium BCE", "2nd half 4th millenium BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nntfj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"label": "-3500", "in": {"year": "-3499"}}, "stop": {"label": "-3001", "in": {"year": "-3000"}}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4nbr4c": {"id": "p09hq4nbr4c", "type": "Period", "label": "IIIe millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIIe millénaire av. J.-C.", "IIIe millénaire AEC"], "en": ["3rd millenium BCE", "3rd millenium BC"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"label": "-3000", "in": {"year": "-2999"}}, "stop": {"label": "-2001", "in": {"year": "-2000"}}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4njsxr": {"id": "p09hq4njsxr", "type": "Period", "label": "1e moitié IIIe millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["1e moitié IIIe millénaire av. J.-C.", "1e moitié IIIe millénaire AEC"], "en": ["1st half 3rd millenium BCE", "1st half 3rd millenium BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nbr4c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"label": "-3000", "in": {"year": "-2999"}}, "stop": {"label": "-2501", "in": {"year": "-2500"}}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4ncm8q": {"id": "p09hq4ncm8q", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IIIe millénaire AEC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IIIe millénaire av. J.-C.", "2e moitié IIIe millénaire AEC"], "en": ["2nd half 3rd millenium BCE", "2nd half 3rd millenium BC"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nbr4c", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2", "label": "Earth"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Earth", "start": {"label": "-2500", "in": {"year": "-2499"}}, "stop": {"label": "-2001", "in": {"year": "-2000"}}, "editorialNote": "The Gregorian calendar is used as a reference for dating in years by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects.\nThe nomenclature used in periods names refers to the Common Era. The dating goes from -1 to +1, year 0 does not exist.\nThe sub-division in half and quarter of some centuries are dating periods used by some researchers.\n\nLe calendrier Grégorien est utilisé comme référence pour les datations en années par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOPEN.\nLa nomenclature utilisée pour les noms des périodes fait référence à l'Ere Commune. La datation passe de -1 à +1 l'année 0 n'existe pas.\nLes sub-division en moitié et quart de certains siècles sont des périodes de datation utilisés par certains chercheurs."}, "p09hq4nkbbk": {"id": "p09hq4nkbbk", "type": "Period", "label": "IIIe millénaire AEC – Fin Néolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["IIIe millénaire av. J.-C. – Fin Néolithique", "IIIe millénaire AEC – Fin Néolithique"], "en": ["3rd millenium BCE - End Neolithic", "3rd millenium BC - End Neolithic"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ntk73", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "-3000"}, "stop": {"label": "-2201", "in": {"year": "-2200"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is used to connect the relative chronology to the gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle est utilisée pour rattachée la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nrbr8": {"id": "p09hq4nrbr8", "type": "Period", "label": "2e moitié IIIe millénaire AEC – Fin Néolithique", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"fr": ["2e moitié IIIe millénaire av. J.-C. – Fin Néolithique", "2e moitié IIIe millénaire AEC – Fin Néolithique"], "en": ["2nd half 3rd millenium BCE - End Neolithic", "second half 3rd millenium BCE - End Neolithic", "2nd half 3rd millenium BC - End Neolithic"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nkbbk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "label": "France"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21", "label": "England"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31", "label": "Belgium"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55", "label": "Netherlands"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39", "label": "Switzerland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213", "label": "Czech Republic"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q214", "label": "Slovakia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28", "label": "Hungary"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38", "label": "Italy"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Parts of central continental western Europe", "start": {"label": "-2500", "in": {"year": "-2499"}}, "stop": {"label": "-2201", "in": {"year": "-2200"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a general chronology from the Paleolithic to the present day, of a central-western part of continental Europe. It is used to connect the relative chronology to the gregorian calendar.\nThe territory covered by this chronology extends from the eastern part of France in the west to Moldavia in the east, and from the south of the UK through southern Germany to Slovenia and central France on a north/south axis.\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie générale du Paléolithique à nos jours, d'une partie centrale-occidentale de l'Europe continentale. Elle est utilisée pour rattachée la chronologie relative au calendrier grégorien.\nLe territoire recouvert par cette chronologie s'étend de la partie orientale de la France, à l'ouest, jusqu'à la Moldavie à l'est, et du sud du Royaume-Uni en passant par l'Allemagne méridionale jusqu'à la Slovénie et le centre de la France sur un axe nord/sud."}, "p09hq4nkff8": {"id": "p09hq4nkff8", "type": "Period", "label": "Rois latins et sabins", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Latin and Sabine kings"], "fr": ["Rois latins et sabins"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pf7xrcm74"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1048669", "label": "Latium"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0752"}, "label": "-753"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0616"}, "label": "-617"}, "note": "Durant cette première période 4 rois tour à tour Latin et Sabin mettent sur pied les fondations des institutions politiques et religieuses de la ville.\nLa ville est organisée en **curies**, le **Sénat** et les **comices** deviennent officiels. Les 4 premiers rois sont élus.\n\nDuring this first period, 4 kings, in turn Latin and Sabine, laid the foundations of the city's political and religious institutions. The city was organised into **curies**, and the **Senate** and **comices** became official. The first 4 kings were elected.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nc2cg": {"id": "p09hq4nc2cg", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtK36mPtgoKQ", "label": "Romulus", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Romulus"], "fr": ["Romulus"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pf7xrcm74"], "broader": "p09hq4nkff8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1048669", "label": "Latium"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0752"}, "label": "-753"}, "stop": {"label": "-715", "in": {"year": "-0714"}}, "note": "**Romulus** : Petit-fils du roi d'Albe-la-Longue, il fonde Rome et organise l’enlèvement des Sabines, agrandissant ainsi son territoire sur le Quirinal, colline appartenant à l’origine aux Sabins. Régna de -753 à -715 (38 ans).\n\n**Romulus**: Grandson of the king of Alba-Longa, he founded Rome and organised the abduction of the Sabine women, thus extending his territory onto the Quirinal, a hill originally belonging to the Sabines. Reigned from 753 BC to 715 BC (38 years).\n\nCredit : Chrystelle BERTHON. https://odysseum.eduscol.education.fr/petite-chronologie-de-lhistoire-romaine-i . 16/01/2022", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n6qzb": {"id": "p09hq4n6qzb", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtxnDip9eQbI", "label": "Numa Pompilius", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Numa Pompilius"], "fr": ["Numa Pompilius"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pf7xrcm74"], "broader": "p09hq4nkff8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1048669", "label": "Latium"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "start": {"label": "-715", "in": {"year": "-0714"}}, "stop": {"label": "-672", "in": {"year": "-0671"}}, "note": "**Numa Pompilius** : roi d’origine sabine, pacifique et religieux, il crée le collège des Pontifes, fait construire le temple de Janus et fixe les fêtes religieuses dans un calendrier de douze mois.\nRégna de -715 à -673 (42 ans).\n\n**Reigned from 715 BC to 673 BC (42 years)**. A peaceful and religious king of Sabine origin, he created the College of Pontiffs, built the Temple of Janus and established religious festivals in a twelve-month calendar.\n\nCredit : Chrystelle BERTHON. https://odysseum.eduscol.education.fr/petite-chronologie-de-lhistoire-romaine-i . 16/01/2022", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n4vcv": {"id": "p09hq4n4vcv", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtirdm9SyGLD", "label": "Tullus Hostilius", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tullus Hostilius"], "fr": ["Tullus Hostilius"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pf7xrcm74"], "broader": "p09hq4nkff8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1048669", "label": "Latium"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "start": {"label": "-672", "in": {"year": "-0671"}}, "stop": {"label": "-641", "in": {"year": "-0640"}}, "note": "**Tullus Hostilius** : roi romain, guerrier, il organise l’armée, détruit Albe-la-Longue et conquiert tout le Latium.\nRégna de -672 à -641 (31 ans).\n\n**Reigned from 672 BC to 641 BC (31 years).** A Roman king and warrior, he organised his army, destroyed Albe-la-Longue and conquered the whole of Lazio.\n\nCredit : Chrystelle BERTHON. https://odysseum.eduscol.education.fr/petite-chronologie-de-lhistoire-romaine-i . 16/01/2022", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n7mtk": {"id": "p09hq4n7mtk", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtYs9NZcafPJ", "label": "Ancus Marcius", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ancus Marcius"], "fr": ["Ancus Marcius"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pf7xrcm74"], "broader": "p09hq4nkff8", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1048669", "label": "Latium"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "start": {"label": "-640", "in": {"year": "-0639"}}, "stop": {"label": "-616", "in": {"year": "-0615"}}, "note": "**Ancus Marcius** : roi sabin, petit-fils de Numa Pompilius, il est pacifique et religieux. C’est un bâtisseur : Rome ayant intégré les peuples latins, il fait construire un mur et un pont sur le Tibre, fait fonder **Ostie** vers -640 et favorise l’essor du commerce.\nRégna de -640 à -616 (24 ans).\n\nReigned from 640 BC to 616 BC (24 years). A Sabine king and grandson of Numa Pompilius, he was a peaceful and religious man. He was a builder: as Rome had integrated the Latin peoples, he built a wall and a bridge over the Tiber, founded Ostia around 640 BC and encouraged the growth of trade.\n\nCredit : Chrystelle BERTHON. https://odysseum.eduscol.education.fr/petite-chronologie-de-lhistoire-romaine-i . 16/01/2022", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nnjbk": {"id": "p09hq4nnjbk", "type": "Period", "label": "Rois étrusques", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Etruscan kings"], "fr": ["Rois étrusques"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pf7xrcm74"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1048669", "label": "Latium"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "start": {"label": "-616", "in": {"year": "-0615"}}, "stop": {"label": "-510", "in": {"year": "-0509"}}, "note": "Durant cette seconde période, 3 rois étrusques entament une politique de conquête, et la monarchie devient héréditaire.\n\nDuring this second period, 3 Etruscan kings began a policy of conquest, and the monarchy became hereditary.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nrwjm": {"id": "p09hq4nrwjm", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtsbAHl4A16J", "label": "Tarquin l'Ancien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tarquin the Elder"], "fr": ["Tarquin l'Ancien"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pf7xrcm74"], "broader": "p09hq4nnjbk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1048669", "label": "Latium"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "start": {"label": "-616", "in": {"year": "-0615"}}, "stop": {"label": "-578", "in": {"year": "-0577"}}, "note": "**Tarquin l'Ancien** : roi étrusque, tuteur des enfants d'Ancus Marcius, il est un grand bâtisseur : il embellit Rome en agrandissant ses murailles, en créant le forum , il fait commencer la construction du Capitole, équipe la Ville de la Cloaca Maxima, grand égout qui traverse Rome, et du Circus Maximus, le grand Cirque. Il est cependant assassiné car il veut transmettre son pouvoir à l’un de ses protégés, Servius Tullius, alors que les descendants d’Ancus Martius revendiquent sa succession.\nRégna de -616 à -578 (38 ans).\n\nReigned from 616 BC to 578 BC (38 years). An Etruscan king and tutor to the children of Ancus Marcius, he was a great builder: he embellished Rome by extending its walls, creating the Forum, starting construction of the Capitol, equipping the city with the Cloaca Maxima, the great sewer that runs through Rome, and the Circus Maximus, the great Circus. However, he was assassinated because he wanted to pass on his power to one of his protégés, Servius Tullius, while the descendants of Ancus Martius claimed his succession.\n\nCredit : Chrystelle BERTHON. https://odysseum.eduscol.education.fr/petite-chronologie-de-lhistoire-romaine-i . 16/01/2022", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nbn5v": {"id": "p09hq4nbn5v", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtSJrlzeBZ7i", "label": "Servius Tullius", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Servius Tullius"], "fr": ["Servius Tullius"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pf7xrcm74"], "broader": "p09hq4nnjbk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1048669", "label": "Latium"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "start": {"label": "-578", "in": {"year": "-0577"}}, "stop": {"label": "-534", "in": {"year": "-0533"}}, "note": "**Servius Tullius** : roi étrusque, c’est un grand administrateur. Il divise le peuple en quatre tribus territoriales et en sept classes en fonction de leur fortune, le cens. Il organise l'armée en centuries et fait construire la muraille de Rome, dite « de Servius Tullius ». Il crée aussi la première Constitution romaine. Il est cependant assassiné par sa propre fille et son gendre.\nRégna de -578 à -534 (44 ans).\n\nReigned from 578 BC to 534 BC (44 years). This Etruscan king was a great administrator. He divided the people into four territorial tribes and seven classes according to their wealth, the cens. He organised the army into centuries and built the walls of Rome, known as the ‘walls of Servius Tullius’. He also created the first Roman Constitution. However, he was assassinated by his own daughter and son-in-law.\n\nCredit : Chrystelle BERTHON. https://odysseum.eduscol.education.fr/petite-chronologie-de-lhistoire-romaine-i . 16/01/2022"}, "p09hq4n62b3": {"id": "p09hq4n62b3", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtUz1HwpFboe", "label": "Tarquin le Superbe", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lucius Tarquinius Superbus"], "fr": ["Tarquin le Superbe"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pf7xrcm74"], "broader": "p09hq4nnjbk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1048669", "label": "Latium"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Latium", "start": {"label": "-534", "in": {"year": "-0533"}}, "stop": {"label": "-509", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}, "note": "**Tarquin le Superbe** : roi étrusque, fils de Tarquin l’Ancien, il achève l'œuvre de son père en poursuivant sa politique de grands travaux, fait bâtir le temple de Jupiter. Il est cependant guerrier et, son fils étant impliqué dans le viol de Lucrèce, la femme de Tarquin Collatin (neveu du roi), il est renversé, à cause de ses violences, par le peuple. Après vingt-cinq ans de règne, il est exilé et remplacé par deux consuls : Tarquin Collatin et Brutus, l’un de ses proches.\nRégna de -534 à -509 (25 ans).\n\nReigned from 534 BC to 509 BC (25 years). Etruscan king, son of Tarquin the Elder, he completed his father's work by continuing his policy of major works, building the temple of Jupiter. However, he was a warrior and, as his son was involved in the rape of Lucrezia, the wife of Tarquin Collatin (the king's nephew), he was overthrown by the people because of his violence. After reigning for twenty-five years, he was exiled and replaced by two consuls: Tarquin Collatin and Brutus, one of his relatives.\n\nCredit : Chrystelle BERTHON. https://odysseum.eduscol.education.fr/petite-chronologie-de-lhistoire-romaine-i . 16/01/2022", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nbsf9": {"id": "p09hq4nbsf9", "type": "Period", "label": "Lex Valeria à la Lex Hortensia", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lex Valeria to the lex Hortensia"], "fr": ["Lex Valeria à la Lex Hortensia"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-509", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}, "stop": {"label": "-288", "in": {"year": "-0287"}}, "note": "Tite-Live rapporte qu’apres l'expulsion de Tarquin le Superbe deux consuls furent élus par les comices centuriates présidés par le préfet de la Ville, conformément aux commentarii de Servius Tulli. Selon la tradition antique, qui est unanime sur ce point, la premiere loi votée par les comices centuriates sous la présidence d'un consul fut la Lex Valeria de prouocatione, qui interdisait à tout magistrat de faire exécuter ou de faire fouetter un citoyen romain sans lui laisser le droit d'en appeler au peuple“. Comme le dit Cicéron dans le De legibus (Leg. 3, 6), la prouocatio ad populum avait pour róle de limiter le pouvoir de coercitio des magistrats supérieurs, pouvoir qui les autorisait à punir les citoyens qui refusaient de leur obéir. C'est aussi Cicéron qui fait dans le De oratore l’éloge de la prouocatio qu'il qualifie de sauvegarde de la cité et de rempart de la liberté“. \n\nTitus Livius reports that after the expulsion of Tarquin the Superb, two consuls were elected by the centuriate comices presided over by the prefect of the city, in accordance with the commentarii of Servius Tulli. According to ancient tradition, which is unanimous on this point, the first law passed by the comices centuriates under the presidency of a consul was the **Lex Valeria de prouocatione**, which prohibited any magistrate from executing or whipping a Roman citizen without giving him the right to appeal to the people’. As Cicero says in De legibus (Leg. 3, 6), the purpose of prouocatio ad populum was to limit the coercive power of the higher magistrates, which allowed them to punish citizens who refused to obey them. It was also Cicero who, in his De oratore, praised the prouocatio as a safeguard for the city and a bulwark of freedom. -\n\nCredit : Adalberto Giovannini « Les institutions de la République romaine des origines à la mort d’Auguste ». (2015)\nhttps://archive.org/details/oapen-20.500.12657-23581/page/n1/mode/2up", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n966k": {"id": "p09hq4n966k", "type": "Period", "label": "Ère patricienne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Patrician era"], "fr": ["Ère patricienne"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4nbsf9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-509", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}, "stop": {"label": "-368", "in": {"year": "-0367"}}, "note": "Ère patricienne (-509 -367 AEC)\nDurant la période consécutive à la révolution ayant entraîné la chute du dernier roi de Rome, le Sénat et les assemblées ont aussi peu de pouvoirs que sous la Royauté. La devise traditionnelle de la république est **Senatus populusque Romanus (SPQR)**, « le Sénat et le peuple romain ». Elle symbolise l'union consensuelle du Sénat, où siègent les sénateurs (patres) à l'origine les familles de l'élite économique et politique de la cité, et de l'ensemble des citoyens romains, qui par son vote adopte les lois, confère leurs pouvoirs aux magistrats, et consent au versement des impôts et à la levée des armées.\n\nDuring the period following the revolution that led to the fall of the last king of Rome, the Senate and the Assemblies had as few powers as they did under the monarchy. The traditional motto of the republic is **Senatus populusque Romanus (SPQR)**, ‘the Senate and the Roman people’. It symbolises the consensual union of the Senate, where the senators (patres), originally the families of the city's economic and political elite, sit, and all Roman citizens, who by voting pass laws, confer their powers on magistrates, and consent to the payment of taxes and the raising of armies.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nzsqn": {"id": "p09hq4nzsqn", "type": "Period", "label": "Début de l'ère patricienne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Beginning of the patrician era"], "fr": ["Début de l'ère patricienne"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4n966k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-509", "in": {"year": "-0508"}}, "stop": {"label": "-501", "in": {"year": "-0500"}}, "note": "D'après la tradition, Junius Brutus, le neveu du dernier roi, Tarquin le Superbe, aurait été le fondateur de la République romaine, en 509 av. J.-C., aux côtés de Tarquin Collatin, membre de la famille des Tarquins et mari de Lucrèce, dont le viol par Sextus Tarquin, fils du roi, est l'élément déclencheur de la révolution. La tradition mentionne deux noms supplémentaires : Lucretius Tricipitinus, père de la victime, et Valerius Publicola, dont l'existence est attestée par la découverte d'une inscription sur un bloc de tuf (le lapis Satricanus). Selon les annalistes, Tarquin le Superbe est renversé parce qu'il use de ses pouvoirs pour instituer une tyrannie (il multiplie les exécutions arbitraires) et qu'il gouverne seul sans tenir compte du Sénat. C’est cette atteinte à la souveraineté du Sénat, plutôt qu’une tyrannie intolérable, qui pousse les patriciens - d’avantage que le peuple entier - à chasser le dernier roi. Comme le suggère la légende, cette monarchie historique est probablement très vite remplacée et les changements les plus importants qui ont lieu immédiatement après concernent le responsable de l’exécutif. Le Sénat décide d'élire deux chefs, appelés « préteurs » (les magistrats romains qui deviennent le consulat républicain). Les consuls possèdent les mêmes pouvoirs que le roi, avec deux limitations : chacun a un droit de veto sur les actes de son collègue et le mandat de leur magistrature est limité à une seule année. Ces deux restrictions limitent leur pouvoir et réduisent les risques d'établissement d'une autre tyrannie.\n\nAccording to tradition, Junius Brutus, the nephew of the last king, Tarquin the Superb, was the founder of the Roman Republic in 509 BC, along with Tarquin Collatin, a member of the Tarquin family and husband of Lucrezia, whose rape by Sextus Tarquin, the king's son, was the catalyst for the revolution. Tradition mentions two more names: Lucretius Tricipitinus, the victim's father, and Valerius Publicola, whose existence is attested by the discovery of an inscription on a block of tufa (lapis Satricanus). According to the annalists, Tarquin the Superb was overthrown because he used his powers to institute a tyranny (he increased the number of arbitrary executions) and ruled alone without taking the Senate into account. It was this infringement of the Senate's sovereignty, rather than an intolerable tyranny, that prompted the patricians - rather than the people as a whole - to oust the last king. As the legend suggests, this historic monarchy was probably replaced very quickly and the most important changes that took place immediately afterwards concerned the head of the executive. The Senate decided to elect two chiefs, known as ‘praetors’ (the Roman magistrates who became the republican consulate). The consuls had the same powers as the king, with two limitations: each had the right to veto the actions of his colleague and their term of office was limited to a single year. These two restrictions limited their power and reduced the risk of another tyranny being established.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n2swc": {"id": "p09hq4n2swc", "type": "Period", "label": "Fin de l‘ère patricienne", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["End of the patrician era"], "fr": ["Fin de l‘ère patricienne"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4n966k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-375", "in": {"year": "-0374"}}, "stop": {"label": "-368", "in": {"year": "-0367"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n9np4": {"id": "p09hq4n9np4", "type": "Period", "label": "Crises patricio-plébéiennes", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Patrician-Plebeian crises"], "fr": ["Crises patricio-plébéiennes"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4nbsf9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-367", "in": {"year": "-0366"}}, "stop": {"label": "-288", "in": {"year": "-0287"}}, "note": "**Guerre des ordres patriciens et plébéiens (-367 à -287 AEC)**\nCette période voit l’émergence de tendances alarmantes pour l'équilibre politique de l’État, tel que le rapprochement continu des tribuns et des sénateurs. Le Sénat commence à donner aux tribuns un réel pouvoir, tel que la reconnaissance officielle de leur droit de veto. Les tribuns se sentent alors redevables au Sénat. Comme les tribuns et les sénateurs se rapprochent de plus en plus, les sénateurs plébéiens sont souvent en mesure de réserver le tribunat aux membres de leurs propres familles. De plus, en 342 av. J.-C., deux lois importantes sont ratifiées : la première rend illégal le fait de cumuler les magistratures, la deuxième impose un délai de dix ans avant la réélection à une même magistrature. Ces deux lois introduisent un nouveau point faible dans le fonctionnement des institutions, qui peut éventuellement être interprété comme l’amorce du déclin de la République et facilite l’avènement de l’Empire.\n\nWar between the patrician and plebeian orders (-367 to -287 AEC) This period saw the emergence of alarming trends for the political balance of the state, such as the continued rapprochement of the tribunes and senators. The Senate began to give the tribunes real power, such as the official recognition of their right of veto. The tribunes then felt indebted to the Senate. As tribunes and senators became increasingly close, plebeian senators were often able to reserve the tribune seat for members of their own families. In addition, in 342 BC, two important laws were ratified: the first made it illegal to hold more than one magistracy, and the second imposed a ten-year time limit on re-election to the same magistracy. These two laws introduced a new weakness into the functioning of the institutions, which could be interpreted as the beginning of the decline of the Republic and facilitated the advent of the Empire.\n\n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nqbpf": {"id": "p09hq4nqbpf", "type": "Period", "label": "Lois licinio-sextiennes", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leges Liciniae Sextiae"], "fr": ["Lois licinio-sextiennes"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4n9np4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-367", "in": {"year": "-0366"}}, "stop": {"label": "-351", "in": {"year": "-0350"}}, "note": "Les **lois licinio-sextiennes (Leges Liciniae Sextiae)** sont des lois romaines votées en -367 AEC. et qui prennent effet l'année suivante, en -366. Ces lois portent le nom de leurs deux auteurs, les tribuns de la plèbe Caius Licinius Stolon et Lucius Sextius Lateranus.\nElles restaurent définitivement le consulat, dont obligatoirement un des deux magistrats suprêmes doit être plébéien, elles imposent une limitation des possessions de l'ager publicus, et elles comprennent sûrement quelques dispositions pour diminuer les charges pesant sur les débiteurs.\n\nThe **Licinio-Sextian Laws (Leges Liciniae Sextiae)** were Roman laws passed in -367 BC and came into effect the following year, -366. These laws were named after their two authors, the tribunes of the plebs Caius Licinius Stolon and Lucius Sextius Lateranus. They definitively restored the consulship, in which one of the two supreme magistrates had to be a plebeian, they imposed a limit on the possessions of the ager publicus, and they certainly included a few provisions to reduce the burdens on debtors.\n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n55zx": {"id": "p09hq4n55zx", "type": "Period", "label": "Lex Ogulnia", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lex Ogulnia"], "fr": ["Lex Ogulnia"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4n9np4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-300", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}, "stop": {"label": "-288", "in": {"year": "-0287"}}, "note": "Vers un statut politique égal entre plébéiens et patriciens.\nLa **lex Ogulnia** est une loi romaine adoptée en 300 av. J.-C. qui a ouvert les différents sacerdoces aux plébéiens (aux fonctions religieuses de pontifes et d’augures).  Elle fut une étape importante dans la longue lutte entre les plébéiens (plebs) et les patriciens (patricii) et vit l'abolition d'un des derniers privilèges des patriciens. Elle constitue une étape majeure dans l'élaboration des institutions patricio-plébéiennes de la République romaine.\n\nTowards equal political status for plebeians and patricians. The **lex Ogulnia** was a Roman law passed in 300 BC that opened up the various priesthoods to plebeians (to the religious functions of pontiffs and augurs).  It was an important step in the long struggle between the plebeians (plebs) and the patricians (patricii) and saw the abolition of one of the last privileges of the patricians. It was a major stage in the development of the patricio-plebeian institutions of the Roman Republic.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n2kb3": {"id": "p09hq4n2kb3", "type": "Period", "label": "Lex Hortensia à la mort de César", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lex Hortensia to Caesar's death"], "fr": ["Lex Hortensia à la mort de César"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-287", "in": {"year": "-0286"}}, "stop": {"label": "-44", "in": {"year": "-0043"}}, "note": "Gräce à Polybe, Tite-Live et Cicéron, complétés et parfois corrigés par de nombreux autres auteurs et par des inscriptions, les institutions de la Rome républicaine nous sont bien connues depuis la Lex Hortensia de -287. qui rendit contraignantes pour tous les citoyens les lois promulguées par l'assemblée de la plébe. En dépit de certains changements et de divers désordres survenus à partir du tribunat des Gracchus en -133, les principes généraux qui régissaient la vie politique romaine et la gestion de l'Empire restèrent assez stables jusqu'à la dictature de César et à son assassinat en -44.\n\nThanks to Polybius, Titus Livius and Cicero, supplemented and sometimes corrected by numerous other authors and inscriptions, the institutions of republican Rome are well known to us from the Lex Hortensia of 287 BC, which made the laws enacted by the assembly of the plebs binding on all citizens. Despite certain changes and various disorders that arose from the Gracchus tribunate in 133 BC onwards, the general principles that governed Roman political life and the management of the Empire remained fairly stable until Caesar's dictatorship and his assassination in 44 BCE.\n\nCredit : Adalberto Giovannini « Les institutions de la République romaine des origines à la mort d’Auguste ». (2015)\nhttps://archive.org/details/oapen-20.500.12657-23581/page/n1/mode/2up", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.", "narrower": ["p09hq4nt62q", "p09hq4ntnzs"]}, "p09hq4nt62q": {"id": "p09hq4nt62q", "type": "Period", "label": "Institutions patricio-plébéiennes", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Patrician-Plebeian institutions"], "fr": ["Institutions patricio-plébéiennes"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4n2kb3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0286"}, "label": "-287"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0133"}, "label": "-134"}, "note": "Promulguée en -287, la **Lex Hortensia**, connue également sous l'appellation de lois hortensiennes, est le résultat d'un conflit entre les patriciens et les plébéiens nommé le conflit des ordres.\nLa plèbe se retire sur le Janicule pour obtenir l’assignation des terres sabines nouvellement conquises. Quintus Hortensius, nommé dictateur et soutenu par Manius Curius Dentatus, promulgue les lois Hortensiennes qui favorisent la plèbe pour qu’elle revienne dans la cité. Elles amnistient et allègent les dettes et donnent aux plébiscites décidés par les concilia plebis force de loi pour le peuple entier (suppression de la ratification sénatoriale traditionnelle, l’auctoritas patrum[réf. Nécessaire]).\nLe conseil de la plèbe obtient le droit de faire voter un **plébiscite** ( proclamé ou discuter sur une loi par le peuple sans passer par les autres ordres ).\nGräce à Polybe, Tite-Live et Cicéron, complétés et parfois corrigés par de nombreux autres auteurs et par des inscriptions, les institutions de la Rome républicaine nous sont bien connues depuis la /ex Hortensia de 287 av. J.-C. qui rendit contraignantes pour tous les citoyens les lois promulguées par l'assemblée de la plébe. En dépit de certains changements et de divers désordres survenus à partir du tribunat de Ti. Gracchus en 133 av. J.-C., les principes généraux qui régissaient la vie politique romaine et la gestion de l'Empire restèrent assez stables jusqu'à la dictature de César et à son assassinat en 44.\n\nPromulgated in 287 BC, the **Lex Hortensia**, also known as the Hortensian Laws, was the result of a conflict between the patricians and plebeians known as the Conflict of Orders. The plebs withdrew to the Janiculum to obtain the assignment of the newly conquered Sabine lands. Quintus Hortensius, appointed dictator and supported by Manius Curius Dentatus, promulgated the Hortensian laws, which favoured the plebs to return to the city. They granted amnesty and debt relief and gave the plebiscites decided by the concilia plebis the force of law for the entire people (abolition of the traditional senatorial ratification, the auctoritas patrum [ref. Necessary]). The council of the plebs obtained the right to vote a **plebiscite** (proclaimed or discussed on a law by the people without going through the other orders). Thanks to Polybius, Titus Livius and Cicero, supplemented and sometimes corrected by numerous other authors and inscriptions, the institutions of republican Rome are well known to us from the /ex Hortensia of 287 BC, which made the laws enacted by the assembly of the plebs binding on all citizens. Despite certain changes and various disorders that arose from the time of Ti. Gracchus in 133 BC, the general principles governing Roman political life and the management of the Empire remained fairly stable until Caesar's dictatorship and his assassination in 44.\n\nCredit : Adalberto Giovannini « Les institutions de la République romaine des origines à la mort d’Auguste ». (2015)\nhttps://archive.org/details/oapen-20.500.12657-23581/page/n1/mode/2up\n\n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ng8w5": {"id": "p09hq4ng8w5", "type": "Period", "label": "Lois hortensiennes (Lex Hortensia)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lex Hortensia"], "fr": ["Lois hortensiennes (Lex Hortensia)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4nt62q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-287", "in": {"year": "-0286"}}, "stop": {"label": "-251", "in": {"year": "-0250"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nfgxr": {"id": "p09hq4nfgxr", "type": "Period", "label": "Vers la crise de la République", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Towards the crisis of the Republic"], "fr": ["Vers la crise de la République"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4nt62q", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-150", "in": {"year": "-0149"}}, "stop": {"label": "-134", "in": {"year": "-0133"}}, "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ntnzs": {"id": "p09hq4ntnzs", "type": "Period", "label": "Crise de la République", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Crisis of the Republic"], "fr": ["Crise de la République"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4n2kb3", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-133", "in": {"year": "-0132"}}, "stop": {"label": "-44", "in": {"year": "-0043"}}, "note": "Rome est devenue la première puissance du bassin méditerranéen, mais les guerres longues et lointaines et les conquêtes sont sources de tensions sociales : le système du paysan-soldat n’est plus adapté, le blé à bas prix qui afflue de Sicile, de Sardaigne, puis d'Afrique ruine les petits propriétaires, les classes populaires s’appauvrissent.\nLe clivage patricien/plébéien s’est effacé de la vie politique, mais la classe sénatoriale monopolise le pouvoir politique et la richesse foncière, et s’oppose aux affairistes de l’ordre équestre, négociants, publicains et banquiers enrichis par l’exploitation des provinces.\n\nRome had become the leading power in the Mediterranean basin, but long and distant wars and conquests were a source of social tension: the peasant-soldier system was no longer appropriate, cheap wheat from Sicily, Sardinia and Africa was ruining small landowners, and the working classes were becoming poorer. The patrician/plebeian divide had disappeared from political life, but the senatorial class monopolised political power and land wealth, and opposed the businessmen of the equestrian order, merchants, publicans and bankers enriched by the exploitation of the provinces.\n\nCredit : Adalberto Giovannini « Les institutions de la République romaine des origines à la mort d’Auguste ». (2015)\nhttps://archive.org/details/oapen-20.500.12657-23581/page/n1/mode/2up", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.", "narrower": ["p09hq4njfk7"]}, "p09hq4njfk7": {"id": "p09hq4njfk7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtt2YmekcFwR", "label": "Tribunats des Gracques", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gracchan period"], "fr": ["Tribunats des Gracques"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjb66p3"], "broader": "p09hq4ntnzs", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q220", "label": "Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "Ancient Rome"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Rome", "start": {"label": "-133", "in": {"year": "-0132"}}, "stop": {"label": "-121", "in": {"year": "-0120"}}, "note": "**Gracques** est le nom donné à deux frères et hommes d'État romains, Tiberius Gracchus et Caius Gracchus, connus pour leur tentative infructueuse de réformer le système social romain durant la deuxième moitié du IIe siècle av. J.-C. : Tiberius en 133 av. J.-C., puis Caius entre 123 et 121.\n\n**Grachicus** is the name given to two brothers and Roman statesmen, Tiberius Gracchus and Caius Gracchus, who were known for their unsuccessful attempts to reform the Roman social system during the second half of the 2nd century BC: Tiberius in 133 BC, then Caius between 123 and 121.\n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n9xb7": {"id": "p09hq4n9xb7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrthjD2iq08Wd", "label": "Nerva", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nerva"], "fr": ["Nerva"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g34zjk"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"label": "96", "in": {"year": "0096"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0098"}, "label": "98"}, "note": "**Règne du 18 septembre 96 au 27 janvier 98 (1 an)**.\nProclamé empereur par le Sénat après le meurtre de Domitien.\n\n**Reigned from 18 September 96 to 27 January 98 (1 year)**.\nProclaimed emperor by the Senate after the murder of Domitian.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nt7kf": {"id": "p09hq4nt7kf", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtTyiBc0MRaU", "label": "Lucius Aurelius Verus", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lucius Verus"], "fr": ["Lucius Aurelius Verus"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g34zjk"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0161"}, "label": "161"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0169"}, "label": "169"}, "note": "**Règne du 7 mars 161 à janvier 169 (~ 7 ans)**.\nFils adoptif et héritier d'Antonin le Pieux. Co-empereur avec Marc Aurèle jusqu'à sa mort.\n\n**Reigned from 7 March 161 to January 169 (~ 7 years)**.\nAdopted son and heir of Antoninus the Pious. Co-emperor with Marcus Aurelius until his death.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ndjhh": {"id": "p09hq4ndjhh", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtZN5J1VGQbg", "label": "Caracalla", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Caracalla"], "fr": ["Caracalla"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g32pmn"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0211"}, "label": "211"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0216"}, "label": "216"}, "note": "**Règne de 198 au 8 avril 217 (~ 19 ans)**.\nCoempereur avec **Sévère** depuis 198, avec Sévère et **Geta** de 209 à février 211, avec Geta jusqu'en décembre 211.\n\n**Reigned from 198 to 8 April 217 (~ 19 years)**.\nCo-emperor with **Severus** from 198, with Severus and **Geta** from 209 to February 211, with Geta until December 211.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ntp85": {"id": "p09hq4ntp85", "type": "Period", "label": "Constance 1er Chlore (Occident) - Galère (Orient)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantius I \"Chlorus\" (West) – Galerius (East) "], "fr": ["Constance 1er Chlore (Occident) - Galère (Orient)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0jrrjbjdrf"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2277", "label": "Roman Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Roman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0305"}, "label": "305"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0306"}, "label": "306"}, "note": "Constance Chlore : **Règne du 1er mai 305 au 25 juillet 306 (~1 an)**. Adopté en tant que « César » de l'Occident et héritier par Maximien en 293 « Auguste » de l'Occident jusqu'en 306.\nGalère : **Règne du 1er mai 305 – mai 311 (~ 6 ans)**. Adopté en tant que « César » de l'Orient et héritier par Dioclétien de 293 à 305 « Auguste » de l'Orient de 305 à 307.\n\nConstantius Chlorus: **Reigned from 1 May 305 to 25 July 306 (~1 year)**. Adopted as ‘Caesar’ of the West and heir by Maximian in 293 ‘Augustus’ of the West until 306.\nGalerius: **Reign from 1 May 305 - May 311 (~ 6 years)**. Adopted as ‘Caesar’ of the East and heir by Diocletian from 293 to 305 ‘Augustus’ of the East from 305 to 307.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nf522": {"id": "p09hq4nf522", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtwopiLhK1Ek", "label": "Empire byzantin – Empire romain d’Orient", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine Empire - Eastern Roman Empire"], "fr": ["Empire byzantin – Empire romain d’Orient"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0477"}, "label": "477"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0517"}, "label": "517"}, "note": "**Empire byzantin - Empire romain d’Orient** : À l'Est, l'Empire romain d'Orient fut confronté aux migrations de nombreux peuples venus d'Asie et d'Europe du Nord. Toutefois, la partie orientale de l'empire n'avait pas connu l'exode qui avait dépeuplé les villes de la partie occidentale et sa prospérité économique lui permit d'acheter la paix. Théodose II (401-450) fortifia les murailles de Constantinople. Elles résistèrent à tous les assauts jusqu'en 1204.\n**Antiquité tardive** : Période de l’histoire européenne et méditerranéenne qui commence à la fin du IIIe siècle mais dont le terme est beaucoup plus flou. Elle n’est employée qu’en référence aux pays ayant appartenu au monde romain : les régions d’Europe occidentale, orientale et méridionale, d’Asie et d’Afrique autour du bassin méditerranéen mais se prolonge bien au-delà de la fin de l’Empire romain d’Occident en 476.\n\n**Byzantine Empire - Eastern Roman Empire**: In the east, the Eastern Roman Empire was faced with the migration of many peoples from Asia and Northern Europe. However, the eastern part of the empire had not experienced the exodus that had depopulated the cities of the western part, and its economic prosperity enabled it to buy peace. Theodosius II (401-450) fortified the walls of Constantinople. They withstood all assaults until 1204. **Late Antiquity**: A period in European and Mediterranean history that began at the end of the 3rd century, but for which the term is much more vague. It is only used in reference to countries that once belonged to the Roman world: the regions of Western, Eastern and Southern Europe, Asia and Africa around the Mediterranean basin, but extends well beyond the end of the Western Roman Empire in 476.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nt6qc": {"id": "p09hq4nt6qc", "type": "Period", "label": "Empire byzantin - Empire romain universel", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine Empire - Universal Roman Empire"], "fr": ["Empire byzantin - Empire romain universel"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0518"}, "label": "518"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0716"}, "label": "716"}, "note": "Justinien est parfois considéré comme le dernier empereur romain, avant que l'Empire byzantin (Empire romain d'Orient) ne commence à se différencier de l'Empire romain dont il est le continuateur direct. Il est le dernier empereur à chercher à rétablir l'unité et l'universalité de l'Empire romain, ce qui l'amène à mener des guerres expansionnistes, principalement en Italie et en Afrique, tout en défendant victorieusement les frontières contre les Perses ou les Slaves. \nJusqu'à l'avènement d'Héraclius en 610, l'Empire romain d'Orient est la continuation directe de l'Empire romain qu'il tente de reconstituer, guidé dans cette politique par la volonté de retrouver son imperium (« emprise, contrôle, souveraineté ») sur l’Orbis romana (« monde romain »). Toutefois, le fait que l'Empire romain d'Orient règne principalement sur des régions où c'est le grec qui sert de langue commune et qui sont profondément christianisées, en fait un État original combinant structure romaine de l'État, culture hellénique et foi chrétienne.\n\nJustinian is sometimes regarded as the last Roman emperor, before the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) began to differentiate itself from the Roman Empire, of which he was the direct successor. He was the last emperor to seek to re-establish the unity and universality of the Roman Empire, which led him to wage expansionist wars, mainly in Italy and Africa, while successfully defending the borders against the Persians and Slavs. \nUntil the advent of Heraclius in 610, the Eastern Roman Empire was a direct continuation of the Roman Empire, which it attempted to reconstitute, guided in this policy by the desire to regain its imperium (‘hold, control, sovereignty’) over the Orbis romana (‘Roman world’). However, the fact that the Eastern Roman Empire reigned mainly over regions where Greek was the common language and which were deeply Christianised made it an original state combining Roman state structure, Hellenic culture and Christian faith.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n6276": {"id": "p09hq4n6276", "type": "Period", "label": "Dynastie Justiniens", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Justinian dynasty"], "fr": ["Dynastie Justiniens"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nt6qc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0518"}, "label": "518"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0609"}, "label": "609"}, "note": "La dynastie justinienne est une dynastie ayant régné sur l'Empire byzantin de 518 à 610. Fondée par Justin Ier, elle se termine avec Maurice. Les prénoms « Justin », « Justinien » et « Germanus » y sont courants.\n\nThe Justinian dynasty ruled the Byzantine Empire from 518 to 610. Founded by Justin I, it ended with Maurice. The first names ‘Justin’, ‘Justinian’ and ‘Germanus’ were common.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n7nv5": {"id": "p09hq4n7nv5", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtgj8eOByIQN", "label": "Justin Ier", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Justin I"], "fr": ["Justin Ier"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n6276", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0518"}, "label": "518"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0526"}, "label": "526"}, "note": "**Règne du 10 juillet 518 au 1er août 527 (9 ans)**.\nGénéral de basse extraction proclamé empereur par acclamation sur proposition du Sénat à la suite de la mort sans héritier d'Anastase Ier. Associa à son trône son neveu Justinien.\n\n**Reigned from 10 July 518 to 1 August 527 (9 years)**. General of low extraction proclaimed emperor by acclamation on the proposal of the Senate following the death of Anastasius I without heir. He associated his nephew Justinian with his throne.\n", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n6j2b": {"id": "p09hq4n6j2b", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtDAHspgTMBV", "label": "Phocas", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phocas"], "fr": ["Phocas"]}, "broader": "p09hq4n6276", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0602"}, "label": "602"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0609"}, "label": "609"}, "note": "**Règne du 23 novembre 602 au 5 octobre 610 (7 ans)**.\nSoldat dans l'armée des Balkans, usurpateur désigné par ses troupes révoltées.\n\n**Reigned from 23 November 602 to 5 October 610 (7 years)**.\nSoldier in the Balkan army, usurper appointed by his revolting troops.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4npczt": {"id": "p09hq4npczt", "type": "Period", "label": "Dynastie Héraclides", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Heraclian dynasty"], "fr": ["Dynastie Héraclides"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nt6qc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0610"}, "label": "610"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0694"}, "label": "694"}, "note": "La dynastie des Héraclides (610 – 711) a vu se succéder six empereurs qui ont régné pendant un siècle, allant du fondateur de la dynastie, Héraclius (610–641), jusqu’au deuxième renversement de Justinien II en 711.\n\nThe Heraclian dynasty (610 - 711) was succeeded by six emperors who reigned for a century, from the founder of the dynasty, Heraclius (610-641), to the second overthrow of Justinian II in 711.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4np44w": {"id": "p09hq4np44w", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtJDdzmRTpcT", "label": "Constantin IV Pogonate", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine IV"], "fr": ["Constantin IV Pogonate"]}, "broader": "p09hq4npczt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0668"}, "label": "668"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0684"}, "label": "684"}, "note": "**Règne du 15 septembre 668 au 14 septembre 685 (16 ans)**.\nRègne après l'assassinat de son père Constant II, défait l'usurpateur Mézézios en Sicile.\n\n**Reigned from 15 September 668 to 14 September 685 (16 years)**.\nReigns after the assassination of his father Constant II, defeats the usurper Mezezios in Sicily.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n8n6q": {"id": "p09hq4n8n6q", "type": "Period", "label": "Anarchie impériale", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Twenty Years’ Anarchy"], "fr": ["Anarchie impériale"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nt6qc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0695"}, "label": "695"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0716"}, "label": "716"}, "note": "L’expression « Anarchie impériale » est utilisée en français pour désigner la période de grande instabilité politique à laquelle fut confrontée l’Empire byzantin lorsque plusieurs empereurs se succédèrent sur le trône entre la dynastie des Héraclides et la dynastie des Isauriens entre 695 et 717.\n\nThe Twenty Years' Anarchy is a historiographic term used by some modern scholars for the period of acute internal instability in the Byzantine Empire marked by the rapid succession of several emperors to the throne between the first deposition of Justinian II in 695 and the ascent of Leo III the Isaurian to the throne in 717, marking the beginning of the Isaurian dynasty.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nmqv4": {"id": "p09hq4nmqv4", "type": "Period", "label": "Empire byzantin - Empire romain hellénisé", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine Empire - Hellenised Roman Empire"], "fr": ["Empire byzantin - Empire romain hellénisé"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0717"}, "label": "717"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1203"}, "label": "1203"}, "note": "Cette période s’étend du début du VIIIe siècle jusqu’à la prise de Constantinople par les croisés en 1204 lors de la quatrième croisade. Elle vit une succession de reculs et d’expansions de l’Empire sous cinq dynasties : les Isauriens, les Amoriens, Macédoniens, les Comnènes et les Anges. Durant cette période, seuls les hellénophones des côtes, des grandes villes, de l'Hellade et d'Asie mineure occidentale (Grecs), les romanophones des Balkans (Dalmates, Valaques) et les arménophones d'Asie mineure orientale (Arméniens) se considérèrent encore comme des Romains (en grec Ρωμαίoί ou « Romées »). L'état empire multinational se transforma ainsi en un empire plus homogène ethniquement, tandis que les institutions subirent de profondes transformations pour faire face aux diverses menaces.\n\nThis period stretched from the beginning of the 8th century until the capture of Constantinople by the Crusaders in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade. It saw a succession of retreats and expansions of the Empire under five dynasties: the Isaurians, the Amorians, the Macedonians, the Comnenes and the Angels. During this period, only the Greek-speaking people of the coasts, large cities, Helladia and western Asia Minor (Greeks), the Roman-speaking people of the Balkans (Dalmatians, Vlachs) and the Armenian-speaking people of eastern Asia Minor (Armenians) still considered themselves Romans (in Greek Ρωμαίoί or ‘Romées’). The multinational empire state was thus transformed into a more ethnically homogenous empire, while institutions underwent profound transformations to cope with the various threats.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ngxcm": {"id": "p09hq4ngxcm", "type": "Period", "label": "Léon IV le Khazar", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Leo IV \"the Khazar\""], "fr": ["Léon IV le Khazar"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g3h2mv"], "broader": "p09hq4nmqv4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0775"}, "label": "775"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0780"}, "label": "780"}, "note": "**Règne du 14 septembre 775 au 8 septembre 780 (4 ans)**.\nFils du précédent.\n\n**Reigned from 14 September 775 to 8 September 780 (4 years)**.\nSon of the previous.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n9j93": {"id": "p09hq4n9j93", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt0PLSoSmMSZ", "label": "Constantin VI", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine VI"], "fr": ["Constantin VI"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g3h2mv"], "broader": "p09hq4nmqv4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0780"}, "label": "780"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0797"}, "label": "797"}, "note": "**Règne du 8 septembre 780 au 18 août 797 (17 ans)**.\nFils du précédent et d'Irène l'Athénienne.\n\n**Reigned from 8 September 780 to 18 August 797 (17 years)**.\nSon of the previous and Irene.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nj4c4": {"id": "p09hq4nj4c4", "type": "Period", "label": "Dynastie Nicéphoriens", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nikephorian dynasty"], "fr": ["Dynastie Nicéphoriens"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nmqv4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0802"}, "label": "802"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0812"}, "label": "812"}, "note": "La dynastie nicéphorienne de l'Empire byzantin a débuté après la déposition de l'impératrice Irène d'Athènes. Le trône de l'Empire byzantin passe à une dynastie relativement éphémère, la dynastie des Niképhores, du nom de son fondateur, Nicéphore Ier . \n\nThe Nikephorian dynasty of the Byzantine Empire began following the deposition of the Empress Irene of Athens. The throne of the Byzantine Empire passed to a relatively short-lived dynasty, the Nikephorian dynasty, named after its founder, Nikephoros I. ", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nfbtt": {"id": "p09hq4nfbtt", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt20X5rpzp2E", "label": "Nicéphore Ier le Logothète", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nikephoros I \"the Logothete\""], "fr": ["Nicéphore Ier le Logothète"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nj4c4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0802"}, "label": "802"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0811"}, "label": "811"}, "note": "**Règne du 31 octobre 802 au 26 juillet 811 (8 ans)**.\nUsurpateur\n\n**Reigned from 31 October 802 to 26 July 811 (8 years)**. Usurper", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nptz7": {"id": "p09hq4nptz7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtkPNx42xSpp", "label": "Michel Ier Rhangabé", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Michael I Rangabe"], "fr": ["Michel Ier Rhangabé"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nj4c4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0811"}, "label": "811"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0813"}, "label": "813"}, "note": "**Règne du 2 octobre 811 au 10 juillet 813 (2 ans)**.\nRenverse, avec l'aide des sénateurs, son beau-frère incapable de régner à cause de ses blessures.\n\n**Reigned from 2 October 811 to 10 July 813 (2 years)**. With the help of the senators, overthrew his brother-in-law, who was unable to reign due to his injuries.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ndfgf": {"id": "p09hq4ndfgf", "type": "Period", "label": "Dynastie Amoriens (phrygienne)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Amorian dynasty"], "fr": ["Dynastie Amoriens (phrygienne)"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nmqv4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0820"}, "label": "820"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0867"}, "label": "867"}, "note": "La dynastie amorienne fut fondée par Michel l’Amorien en 820. Elle règnera sur l'Empire byzantin jusqu’à l'assassinat de Michel III par son chambellan Basile le Macédonien en 867.\n\nThe Amorian dynasty was founded by Michael the Amorian in 820. It ruled the Byzantine Empire until Michael III was assassinated by his chamberlain Basil the Macedonian in 867.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nmdnz": {"id": "p09hq4nmdnz", "type": "Period", "label": "Michel II l'Amorien", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Michael II \"the Amorian\""], "fr": ["Michel II l'Amorien"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ndfgf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0820"}, "label": "820"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0829"}, "label": "829"}, "note": "**Règne du 24 décembre 820 au 2 octobre 829 (9 ans)**.\nGénéral condamné à l'exécution par Léon V, proclamé empereur par les assassins de Léon V et couronné par le patriarche Théodote Ier le même jour.\n\n**Reigned from 24 December 820 to 2 October 829 (9 years)**.\nGeneral sentenced to execution by Leo V, proclaimed emperor by Leo V's assassins and crowned by Patriarch Theodotus I on the same day.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ndrcv": {"id": "p09hq4ndrcv", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtel3q6j4s8r", "label": "Théophile", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theophilos"], "fr": ["Théophile"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ndfgf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0829"}, "label": "829"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0842"}, "label": "842"}, "note": "**Règne du 2 octobre 829 au 20 janvier 842 (12 ans)**.\nFils de Michel II, co-empereur depuis le 12 mai 821.\n\n**Reigned from 2 October 829 to 20 January 842 (12 years)**.\nSon of Michael II, co-emperor since 12 May 821.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ndwmz": {"id": "p09hq4ndwmz", "type": "Period", "label": "Michel III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Michael III \"the Drunkard\""], "fr": ["Michel III"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ndfgf", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0842"}, "label": "842"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0867"}, "label": "867"}, "note": "**Règne du 20 janvier 842 au 24 septembre 867 (25 ans)**.\nFils de Théophile, co-empereur depuis le 16 mai 840. Il règne sous la régence de sa mère Théodora jusqu'au 15 mars 856.\n\n**Reigned from 20 January 842 to 24 September 867 (25 years)**.\nSon of Theophilos, co-emperor since 16 May 840. Ruled under his mother's regency Theodora until 15 March 856.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ntfkz": {"id": "p09hq4ntfkz", "type": "Period", "label": "Dynastie Macédoniens", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Macedonian dynasty"], "fr": ["Dynastie Macédoniens"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nmqv4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0867"}, "label": "867"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1057"}, "label": "1057"}, "note": "La dynastie macédonienne régna pendant presque deux siècles à Constantinople, soit de 867 à 1057.\nElle doit son nom à son fondateur, Basile Ier qui naquit dans le thème byzantin de Macédoine (district administratif correspondant à la région d'Andrinople en Thrace). Elle a compté plus de vingt souverains.\n\nThe Macedonian dynasty ruled Constantinople for almost two centuries, from 867 to 1057. It owes its name to its founder, Basil I, who was born in the Byzantine theme of Macedonia (an administrative district corresponding to the region of Andrinople in Thrace). It has had more than twenty sovereigns.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ns2xv": {"id": "p09hq4ns2xv", "type": "Period", "label": "Zoé Porphyrogénète", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Zoë Porphyrogenita"], "fr": ["Zoé Porphyrogénète"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ntfkz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1028"}, "label": "1028"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "1050"}, "note": "**Règne du 11 novembre 1028  à juin 1050 (22 ans)**.\nFille du précédent. Après que Basile II ait tenté sans succès de la marier à l'empereur romain germanique Otton III, Constantin VIII l'oblige à épouser Romain Argyre. A la mort de ce dernier en 1034, elle épouse Michel le Paphlagonien, puis adopte le neveu de celui-ci Michel le Calfat, et épouse enfin Constantin Monomaque en 1042.\n\n**Reigned from 11 November 1028 to June 1050 (22 years)**. Daughter of the previous king. After Basil II tried unsuccessfully to marry her off to the Germanic Roman Emperor Otto III, Constantine VIII forced her to marry Roman Argyre. On his death in 1034, she married Michael the Paphlagonian, then adopted his nephew Michael the Calfat, and finally married Constantine Monomachus in 1042.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n42d7": {"id": "p09hq4n42d7", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrt63ol7g6tGj", "label": "Constantin IX Monomaque", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine IX Monomachos"], "fr": ["Constantin IX Monomaque"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ntfkz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1042"}, "label": "1042"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1055"}, "label": "1055"}, "note": "**Règne du 12 juin 1042 au 11 janvier 1055 (12 ans)**.\nSénateur issu de l'aristocratie byzantine, il est choisi par Zoé comme époux après la chute de Michel le Calfat.\n\n**Reigned from 12 June 1042 to 11 January 1055 (12 years)**.\nA senator from the Byzantine aristocracy, he was chosen by Zoe as her husband after the fall of Michael the Calfat.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4npzg4": {"id": "p09hq4npzg4", "type": "Period", "label": "Théodora Porphyrogénète", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theodora Porphyrogenita"], "fr": ["Théodora Porphyrogénète"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ntfkz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1055"}, "label": "1055"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1056"}, "label": "1056"}, "note": "**Règne du 11 janvier 1055 au 31 août 1056 (1 an)**.\nFille de Constantin VIII.\n\n**Reigned from 11 January 1055 to 31 August 1056 (1 year)**. Daughter of Constantine VIII.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nhmrr": {"id": "p09hq4nhmrr", "type": "Period", "label": "Michel VI Bringas", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Michael VI Bringas"], "fr": ["Michel VI Bringas"]}, "broader": "p09hq4ntfkz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1056"}, "label": "1056"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1057"}, "label": "1057"}, "note": "**Règne du 31 août 1056 au 30 août 1057 (1 an)**.\nIssu d'une famille de hauts fonctionnaires, logothète des armées, il est désigné comme le successeur de Théodora. Une rébellion militaire conduite par Isaac Comnène met un terme définitif à la dynastie macédonienne, après quoi l'empereur abdique pour finir ses jours dans un monastère.\n\n**Reign from 31 August 1056 to 30 August 1057 (1 year)**. Born into a family of high-ranking civil servants and a logothete of the armies, he was designated as Theodora's successor. A military rebellion led by Isaac Comnenus put a definitive end to the Macedonian dynasty, after which the emperor abdicated to end his days in a monastery.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ntw37": {"id": "p09hq4ntw37", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtZyI53qtOzx", "label": "Isaac Ier Comnène", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Isaac I Komnenos"], "fr": ["Isaac Ier Comnène"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nmqv4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1057"}, "label": "1057"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1059"}, "label": "1059"}, "note": "**Règne du 1er septembre 1057 au 22 novembre 1059 (2 ans)**.\nCommandant de l'armée d'Orient, il prend la tête d'une conspiration de généraux et vainc les troupes de Michel VI. Il est couronné empereur par le patriarche Michel Cérulaire après que celui-ci ait contraint Michel VI à abdiquer.\n\n**Reigned from 1 September 1057 to 22 November 1059 (2 years)**.\nAs commander of the army of the East, he led a conspiracy of generals and defeated Michael VI's troops. He was crowned emperor by Patriarch Michael Cerularius after the latter had forced Michael VI to abdicate.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nwnwn": {"id": "p09hq4nwnwn", "type": "Period", "label": "Dynastie Doukas", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Doukas dynasty"], "fr": ["Dynastie Doukas"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nmqv4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1060"}, "label": "1060"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1080"}, "label": "1080"}, "note": "Les Doukas (en grec, masculin : Δούκας, féminin : Δούκαινα, pluriel : Δούκαι) forment une ou plusieurs familles ayant appartenu à l'aristocratie byzantine. Le nom apparaît dans les textes au IXe siècle, mais son origine est incertaine. Une branche régna sur l'Empire de 1059 à 1081. Le nom devint avec le temps synonyme de noblesse et fut associé à d'autres noms comme celui des Comnène et Doukas d'Épire et de Thessalonique. Les liens de parenté entre les générations sont souvent difficiles à établir ou douteux, de telle sorte qu'il est impossible d'affirmer avec certitude que tous les personnages ayant porté ce nom aient effectivement appartenu à une seule famille.\n\nThe Doukas (Greek, masculine: Δούκας, feminine: Δούκαινα, plural: Δούκαι) are one or more families who belonged to the Byzantine aristocracy. The name appears in texts in the ninth century, but its origin is uncertain. One branch ruled the Empire from 1059 to 1081. Over time, the name became synonymous with nobility and was associated with other names such as the Comnenes and Doukas of Epirus and Thessalonica. Intergenerational links are often difficult to establish or doubtful, so it is impossible to say with certainty that all the people who bore this name belonged to a single family.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n3fvp": {"id": "p09hq4n3fvp", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtk6ZRs7kxKZ", "label": "Constantin X", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Constantine X Doukas"], "fr": ["Constantin X"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nwnwn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1059"}, "label": "1059"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1067"}, "label": "1067"}, "note": "**Règne du 24 novembre 1059 au 22 mai 1067 (8 ans)**.\nEmpereur avec son frère Jean Doukas comme César.\n\n**Reigned from 24 November 1059 to 22 May 1067 (8 years)**.\nEmperor with his brother John Doukas as Caesar.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n9jkf": {"id": "p09hq4n9jkf", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtL62Z9O706j", "label": "Romain IV Diogène", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Romanos IV Diogenes"], "fr": ["Romain IV Diogène"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nwnwn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1068"}, "label": "1068"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1071"}, "label": "1071"}, "note": "**Règne du 1er janvier 1068 au 24 octobre 1071 (3 ans)**.\nPour prévenir un coup d'état, Eudocie Makrembolitissa, veuve de Constantin X, épouse Romain Diogène qui devient co-empereur avec les enfants mineurs de Constantin X, Michel, Constance et Andronic.\n\n**Reign from 1 January 1068 to 24 October 1071 (3 years)**.\nTo prevent a coup d'état, Eudocie Makrembolitissa, Constantine X's widow, married Roman Diogenes, who became co-emperor with Constantine X's minor children Michael, Constantius and Andronicus.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nd7z2": {"id": "p09hq4nd7z2", "type": "Period", "url": "https://ark.frantiq.fr/ark:/26678/pcrtfcOZqqVyvX", "label": "Michel VII Doukas", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Michael VII Doukas"], "fr": ["Michel VII Doukas"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nwnwn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1071"}, "label": "1071"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1078"}, "label": "1078"}, "note": "**Règne du 24 octobre 1071 au 24 mars 1078 (7 ans)**.\nFils de Constantin X et d'Eudocie Makrembolitissa Déjà co-empereur avec ses frères dès le règne de Constantin X, son règne personnel commence à la chute de Romain Diogène. Il nomme son fils Constantin co-empereur (celui-ci redeviendra à nouveau co-empereur sous Alexis 1er).\n\n**Reigned from 24 October 1071 to 24 March 1078 (7 years)**.\nSon of Constantine X and Eudocie Makrembolitissa Already co-emperor with his brothers during the reign of Constantine X, his personal reign began with the fall of Roman Diogenes. He appointed his son Constantine co-emperor (he would become co-emperor again under Alexius I).", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nbrrp": {"id": "p09hq4nbrrp", "type": "Period", "label": "Nicéphore III Botaniatès", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nikephoros III Botaneiates"], "fr": ["Nicéphore III Botaniatès"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nwnwn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1078"}, "label": "1078"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1081"}, "label": "1081"}, "note": "**Règne du 4 mars 1078 au 4 avril 1081 (3 ans)**.\nChef militaire ayant déjà participé au soulèvement de 1057 contre Michel VI, il se rebelle à nouveau en 1071 face à la dégradation de la situation en Anatolie à la suite de la bataille de Manzikert. Il se fait couronner empereur, contraint Michel Doukas à rentrer dans un monastère, et épouse Marie d'Alanie.\n\n**Reigned from 4 March 1078 to 4 April 1081 (3 years)**.\nA military leader who had already taken part in the 1057 uprising against Michael VI, he rebelled again in 1071 in the face of the deteriorating situation in Anatolia following the battle of Manzikert. He was crowned emperor, forced Michael Doukas to return to a monastery and married Mary of Alania.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ndh86": {"id": "p09hq4ndh86", "type": "Period", "label": "Alexis II Comnène", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Alexios II Komnenos"], "fr": ["Alexis II Comnène"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nwnwn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1180"}, "label": "1180"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1183"}, "label": "1183"}, "note": "**Règne du 24 septembre 1180 à octobre 1183 (3 ans)**.\nFils de Manuel Ier, co-empereur depuis 1171\n\n**Reign from 24 September 1180 to October 1183 (3 years)**.\nSon of Manuel I, co-emperor since 1171.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4ng689": {"id": "p09hq4ng689", "type": "Period", "label": "Andronic Ier Comnène", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Andronikos I Komnenos \"Misophaes\""], "fr": ["Andronic Ier Comnène"]}, "broader": "p09hq4nwnwn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1183"}, "label": "1183"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "note": "**Règne de septembre 1183 au 12 septembre 1185 (2 ans)**.\nFils d'Isaac Komnenos, fils d'Alexios Ier. Renverse la régence d'Alexios II en avril 1182, est couronné co-empereur en 1183 et fait assassiner Alexios II peu après.\n\n**Reign from September 1183 to September 12, 1185 (2 years)**.\nSon of Isaac Komnenos, a son of Alexios I. Overthrew the regency of Alexios II in April 1182, crowned co-emperor in 1183 and shortly thereafter had Alexios II murdered.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n2r7g": {"id": "p09hq4n2r7g", "type": "Period", "label": "Isaac II Ange", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Isaac II Angelos"], "fr": ["Isaac II Ange"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g3cxk6"], "broader": "p09hq4nmqv4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1185"}, "label": "1185"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1195"}, "label": "1195"}, "note": "**Règne du 12 septembre 1185 au 8 avril 1195 (9 ans)**.\nArrière-petit-fils d'Alexis Ier. Résiste à l'ordre d'arrestation d'Andronikos Ier, après quoi il est proclamé empereur par le peuple de Constantinople. Capture et tue Andronikos Ier.\n\n**Reign from 12 September 1185 to 8 April 1195 (9 years)**.\nGreat-grandson of Alexios I. Resisted an order of arrest issued by Andronikos I, after which he was proclaimed emperor by the people of Constantinople. Captured and killed Andronikos I.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n7pwp": {"id": "p09hq4n7pwp", "type": "Period", "label": "Empire byzantin – Empire de Nicée", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Byzantine Empire - Empire of Nicaea"], "fr": ["Empire byzantin – Empire de Nicée"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1260"}, "label": "1260"}, "note": "Vestige de l’Empire byzantin ayant résisté à la prise de Constantinople par les croisés en 1204, l’empire de Nicée, le plus étendu des États grecs, occupait, en Asie Mineure occidentale, une large bande de terre s’étendant de la mer Égée à la mer Noire. Si Nicée demeura sa capitale et le siège du patriarcat pendant toute sa brève histoire (1204-1261), les empereurs établirent leur résidence et le siège du gouvernement à Nymphaion (aujourd’hui Kemalpaşa), ville de Lydie, moins exposée aux armées ennemies.\nLes historiens modernes reconnaissent la lignée des empereurs de la dynastie des Laskaris, régnant à Nicée, comme les empereurs romains légitimes pendant cette période, car l'Empire nicéen a fini par reprendre Constantinople. Pour d'autres lignées d'empereurs prétendants, voir Liste des empereurs trapézantins et Liste des empereurs thessaliens.\n\nA remnant of the Byzantine Empire that resisted the capture of Constantinople by the Crusaders in 1204, the Empire of Nicaea, the largest of the Greek states, occupied a wide strip of land in western Asia Minor stretching from the Aegean Sea to the Black Sea. While Nicaea remained its capital and the seat of the patriarchate throughout its brief history (1204-1261), the emperors established their residence and seat of government at Nymphaion (today's Kemalpaşa), a city in Lydia that was less exposed to enemy armies.\nModern historians recognize the line of emperors of the Laskaris dynasty, reigning in Nicaea, as the legitimate Roman emperors during this period because the Nicene Empire eventually retook Constantinople. For other lines of claimant emperors, see List of Trapezuntine emperors and List of Thessalonian emperors.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4njcv3": {"id": "p09hq4njcv3", "type": "Period", "label": "Théodore Ier Lascaris", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theodore I Laskaris"], "fr": ["Théodore Ier Lascaris"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g3zqrv"], "broader": "p09hq4nj4c4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1204"}, "label": "1204"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1222"}, "label": "1222"}, "note": "**Règne du 19 mars 1205 à novembre 1222 (16 ans)**.\nGendre d'Alexis III. Époux d'Anna Komnène Angelina, fille d'Alexios III. Organise la résistance contre l'Empire latin à Nicée et est proclamé empereur en 1205 après la bataille d'Adrianople, couronné par le patriarche Michel IV le 6 avril 1208.\n\n**Reigned from 19 March 1205 to November 1222 (16 years)**.\nSon-in-law of Alexis III. Husband of Anna Komnene Angelina, a daughter of Alexios III. Organized resistance against the Latin Empire in Nicaea and proclaimed emperor in 1205 after the Battle of Adrianople, crowned by Patriarch Michael IV on 6 April 1208.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nx6v7": {"id": "p09hq4nx6v7", "type": "Period", "label": "Jean III Doukas Vatatzès", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John III Vatatzes"], "fr": ["Jean III Doukas Vatatzès"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g3zqrv"], "broader": "p09hq4n7pwp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1222"}, "label": "1222"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1254"}, "label": "1254"}, "note": "**Règne du 15 décembre 1222 au 3 novembre 1254 (32 ans)**.\nGendre du précédent. Époux d'Irene Laskarina, fille de Théodore I.\n\n**Reigned from 15 December 1222 to 3 November 1254 (32 years)**.\nSon-in-law of the former. Husband of Irene Laskarina, a daughter of Theodore I.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4nwkqn": {"id": "p09hq4nwkqn", "type": "Period", "label": "Théodore II Lascaris", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Theodore II Laskaris"], "fr": ["Théodore II Lascaris"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g3zqrv"], "broader": "p09hq4n7pwp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1254"}, "label": "1254"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1258"}, "label": "1258"}, "note": "**Règne du 3 novembre 1254 au 18 août 1258 (3 ans)**.\nFils du précédent. Fils de Jean III et petit-fils de Théodore Ier, co-empereur depuis environ 1235.\n\n**Reigned from 3 November 1254 to 18 August 1258 (3 years)**.\nSon of the previous Emperor. Son of John III and grandson of Theodore I, co-emperor since around 1235.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n3x9k": {"id": "p09hq4n3x9k", "type": "Period", "label": "Jean IV Lascaris", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["John IV Laskaris"], "fr": ["Jean IV Lascaris"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06c6g3zqrv"], "broader": "p09hq4n7pwp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1258"}, "label": "1258"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1261"}, "label": "1261"}, "note": "**Règne du 18 août 1258 au 25 décembre 1261 (3 ans)**.\nFils du précédent. Fils et co-empereur de Théodore II.\n\n**Reigned from 18 August 1258 to 25 December 1261 (3 years)**.\nSon of the previous. Son and co-emperor of Theodore II.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}, "p09hq4n37kr": {"id": "p09hq4n37kr", "type": "Period", "label": "Empire byzantin tardif", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/fr", "languageTag": "fr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Byzantine Empire"], "fr": ["Empire byzantin tardif"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1261"}, "label": "1261"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1453"}, "label": "1453"}, "note": "L'Empire byzantin a été gouverné par la dynastie des Paléologues entre 1261 et 1453, depuis la restauration de l'autorité byzantine à Constantinople par l'usurpateur Michel VIII Paléologue après sa reprise à l'Empire latin, fondé après la quatrième croisade (1204), jusqu'à la chute de Constantinople aux mains de l'Empire ottoman. Cette période est connue sous le nom d'Empire byzantin tardif.\n\nThe Byzantine Empire was ruled by the Palaiologos dynasty in the period between 1261 and 1453, from the restoration of Byzantine rule to Constantinople by the usurper Michael VIII Palaiologos following its recapture from the Latin Empire, founded after the Fourth Crusade (1204), up to the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire. This period is known as the late Byzantine Empire.", "editorialNote": "This period is used by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, in the framework of a chronology presenting the institutions and their representatives in the Roman-Byzantine world. From the year of the foundation of Rome by Romulus (the Ab Urbe Condita was defined by the monk Denys the Lesser). Until the fall of Constantinople and the death of Constantin XI Palaeologus, Dragases.\n\nThe 3 successive regimes - Monarchy, Republic and Empire - are presented in different periods. These periods are themed according to different criteria: the origin and family of the reigning ruler, the development of the law and changes to the institutions of the regime in place. This chronology is not exhaustive. The annual mandates of the consuls, reigns of less than a year or in chaotic succession are not presented. This chronology is numerical. For technical reasons, some end dates differ from historical dates to give priority to the start date of the following period. The historical dates are indicated in the period descriptions.\n\nThe information assembled and presented is taken from the following open sources: Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia.\n\n---\n\nCette période est utilisée par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, dans le cadre d'une chronologie qui présente les institutions et leurs représentants dans le monde romain-byzantin. À partir de l'année de la fondation de Rome par Romulus (l'Ab Urbe Condita a été définie par le moine Denys le Petit). Jusqu'au jour de la chute de Constantinople et à la mort de Constantin XI Paléologue, Dragasès.\n\nLes 3 régimes successifs la Monarchie, la République, puis l'Empire sont présentés en différentes périodes.\nCes périodes sont thématiques suivant les différents critères que sont l'origine et la famille du régnant, l’évolution du droit et la modification des institutions du régime en place.\nCette chronologie n'est pas exhaustive. Les mandats annuels des consuls, les règnes de moins d'un an ou dans une succession chaotique ne sont pas présentés.\nCette chronologie est numérique. Pour des raisons techniques, certaines dates de fin son différentes des dates historiques pour donner la priorité de la date à la date de début de la période suivante. Les dates historiques sont indiquées dans les descriptions des périodes.\n\nLes informations assemblées et présentées sont issues des sources ouvertes suivantes : Adalberto GIOVANNINI, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Library of Congress, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Wikipedia."}}, "source": {"citation": "ArkeOpen chronology periods made and/or used by ArkeoGIS authors https://arkeogis.org/liste-chronologie/", "title": "ArkeOpen chronology periods used in ArkeoGIS, a FAIR platform based on ontology organized spatiotemporal data about archaeology, history and environment.", "url": "http://arkeogis.org", "yearPublished": "2022", "creators": [{"name": "ArkeoGIS authors"}], "contributors": [{"name": "Lizzie Scholtus"}, {"name": "Philippe Jullien"}]}, "editorialNote": "Periodizations gathered from ArkeoGIS authors and partners on the research level in a series of World countries. Some Period names or dating definitions (start and end point) may be taken from reference books or researchers' works. If this is the case, it is mentioned individually in the editorial notes field of the relevant period.\nThe ArkeoGIS project of the University of Strasbourg and the MISHA is a platform for the standardisation and dissemination of research data.\nIt is multi-chronological and is available worldwide in 4 languages. Each author can propose the cultural chronologies used in the shared data.\nThe deposit on PeriodO is made in order to be able to propose this cultural information during the sharing, in FAIR mode by the ArkeoGIS and ArkeOpen projects, of the authors' normalised, dated and georeferenced dataset.\n\nPériodisations recueillies auprès des auteurs et partenaires d'ArkeoGIS au niveau de la recherche dans une série de pays du monde. Certains noms de périodes ou définitions de datation (point de départ et d'arrivée) peuvent être tirés d'ouvrages de référence ou de travaux de chercheurs. Si tel est le cas, il en est fait mention individuellement dans le champ des notes éditoriales de la période concernée.\nLe projet ArkeoGIS, de l'université de Strasbourg et de la Misha est une plateforme de normalisation et de diffusion de données de la recherche.\nA l'échelle du monde en 4 langues il est multi-chronologique. Chaque auteurs pouvant proposer les chronologies culturelles utilisées dans les données partagées.\nLe dépôt sur PeriodO est effectué afin de pouvoir proposer ces informations culturelles lors du partage, en FAIR mode par les projets ArkeoGIS et ArkeOpen, du jeu de données normalisées, datées et géoréférencées des auteurs."}, "p0cwwzn": {"id": "p0cwwzn", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0cwwznb6mc": {"id": "p0cwwznb6mc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/161607", "label": "History", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Geschichte"], "en": ["History"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "0"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "2000"}, "label": "2000"}, "note": "History as opposed to prehistory"}, "p0cwwzncbcj": {"id": "p0cwwzncbcj", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/126924", "label": "Prehistory", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Urgeschichte"], "en": ["Prehistory"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "-300000"}, "label": "-300000"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0000"}, "label": "0"}, "note": "Prehistory as opposed to history"}, "p0cwwznmb6m": {"id": "p0cwwznmb6m", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25176", "label": "Medieval", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Mittelalterlich"], "en": ["Middle Ages", "Medieval"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznb6mc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1500"}, "label": "1500"}, "note": "Medieval period as used in THANADOS from the end of Late Roman until the end of the Late Middle Ages"}, "p0cwwznw938": {"id": "p0cwwznw938", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/158070", "label": "Early Middle Ages", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Frühmittelalter"], "en": ["Early Middle Ages"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznmb6m", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0500"}, "label": "500"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1100"}, "label": "1100"}, "note": "Early Medieval period in Austria as used in THANADOS from the end of the Late Roman period until the 11th Century"}, "p0cwwznxkpk": {"id": "p0cwwznxkpk", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25167", "label": "Avar Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Awarenzeit"], "en": ["Avar Period"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznw938", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0568"}, "label": "568"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0822"}, "label": "822"}, "note": "Period of Avar burials in Austria"}, "p0cwwznsbnk": {"id": "p0cwwznsbnk", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25168", "label": "Early Avar Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Frühawarenzeit"], "en": ["Early Avar Period"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznxkpk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0568"}, "label": "568"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0630"}, "label": "630"}, "note": "Early Avar Period in Austria", "editorialNote": "Dated after P. Stadler 2010 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/210281812_Ethnische_Gruppen_im_Awarenreich_Archaeology_of_Identity_Archaologie_der_Identitat"}, "p0cwwznjf6x": {"id": "p0cwwznjf6x", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25169", "label": "Middle Avar Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Mittelawarenzeit"], "en": ["Middle Avar Period"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznxkpk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0630"}, "label": "630"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0680"}, "label": "680"}, "editorialNote": "Dated after P. Stadler 2010 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/210281812_Ethnische_Gruppen_im_Awarenreich_Archaeology_of_Identity_Archaologie_der_Identitat"}, "p0cwwznkff8": {"id": "p0cwwznkff8", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25170", "label": "Late Avar Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Spätawarenzeit", "Late Avar Period"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznxkpk", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0680"}, "label": "680"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0822"}, "label": "822"}, "editorialNote": "Dated after P. Stadler 2010 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/210281812_Ethnische_Gruppen_im_Awarenreich_Archaeology_of_Identity_Archaologie_der_Identitat"}, "p0cwwznsb9m": {"id": "p0cwwznsb9m", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/161613", "label": "Carolingian Era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Karolingerzeit", "Carolingian Era"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznw938", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0751"}, "label": "751"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0919"}, "label": "919"}, "narrower": []}, "p0cwwznc77k": {"id": "p0cwwznc77k", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/161612", "label": "Merovingian Era", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Merowingerzeit"], "en": ["Merovingian Era"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznw938", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0450"}, "label": "450"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0750"}, "label": "750"}, "note": "Time span in which Merovingian period finds occur in grave finds from Austria"}, "p0cwwznf37z": {"id": "p0cwwznf37z", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/124569"}, "label": "Arpadian Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Arpadenzeit"], "en": ["Arpadian Age"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznmb6m", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0890"}, "label": "890"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1250"}, "label": "1250"}}, "p0cwwzn367j": {"id": "p0cwwzn367j", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25159", "label": "Eastern Alps Typochronology", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Ostalpenraum Typenchronologie"], "en": ["Eastern Alps Typochronology"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznw938", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "550"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "1050"}, "note": "Typochronological groups for the material culture of the Eastern Alpine region in the Early Middle Ages. After: Stefan Eichert, Die frühmittelalterlichen Grabfunde Kärntens. Die materielle Kultur Karantaniens vom Ende der Spätantike bis ins 11. Jahrhundert. Aus Forschung und Kunst 37, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee 2010.", "narrower": ["p0cwwzn9pcp", "p0cwwzn7thg", "p0cwwzn4q6c", "p0cwwznmddw"]}, "p0cwwzn9pcp": {"id": "p0cwwzn9pcp", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25160", "label": "Transition Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Übergangsphase"], "en": ["Transition Phase"]}, "broader": "p0cwwzn367j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0550"}, "label": "550"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0660"}, "label": "660"}, "note": "Typochronological groups for the material culture of the Eastern Alpine region in the Early Middle Ages. After: Stefan Eichert, Die frühmittelalterlichen Grabfunde Kärntens. Die materielle Kultur Karantaniens vom Ende der Spätantike bis ins 11. Jahrhundert. Aus Forschung und Kunst 37, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee 2010."}, "p0cwwzn7thg": {"id": "p0cwwzn7thg", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25161", "label": "Group A", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gruppe A", "Group A"]}, "broader": "p0cwwzn367j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0660"}, "label": "660"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0780"}, "label": "780"}, "note": "Typochronological groups for the material culture of the Eastern Alpine region in the Early Middle Ages. After: Stefan Eichert, Die frühmittelalterlichen Grabfunde Kärntens. Die materielle Kultur Karantaniens vom Ende der Spätantike bis ins 11. Jahrhundert. Aus Forschung und Kunst 37, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee 2010."}, "p0cwwzn4q6c": {"id": "p0cwwzn4q6c", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25162"}, "label": "Group B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gruppe B", "Group B"]}, "broader": "p0cwwzn367j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0740"}, "label": "740"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0830"}, "label": "830"}, "note": "Typochronological groups for the material culture of the Eastern Alpine region in the Early Middle Ages. After: Stefan Eichert, Die frühmittelalterlichen Grabfunde Kärntens. Die materielle Kultur Karantaniens vom Ende der Spätantike bis ins 11. Jahrhundert. Aus Forschung und Kunst 37, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee 2010."}, "p0cwwznmddw": {"id": "p0cwwznmddw", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25163", "label": "Group C", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gruppe C", "Group C"]}, "broader": "p0cwwzn367j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0780"}, "label": "780"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "1050"}, "note": "Typochronological groups for the material culture of the Eastern Alpine region in the Early Middle Ages. After: Stefan Eichert, Die frühmittelalterlichen Grabfunde Kärntens. Die materielle Kultur Karantaniens vom Ende der Spätantike bis ins 11. Jahrhundert. Aus Forschung und Kunst 37, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee 2010."}, "p0cwwzn7dq5": {"id": "p0cwwzn7dq5", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25164", "label": "Group C1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Group C2"], "en": ["Group C1"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznmddw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0780"}, "label": "780"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0830"}, "label": "830"}}, "p0cwwznk8x4": {"id": "p0cwwznk8x4", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25165", "label": "Group C2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Gruppe C2"], "en": ["Group C2"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznmddw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0830"}, "label": "830"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900"}}, "p0cwwznjrhx": {"id": "p0cwwznjrhx", "type": "Period", "url": "https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25166", "label": "Group C3", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Gruppe C3"], "en": ["Group C3"]}, "broader": "p0cwwznmddw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40", "label": "Austria"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Austria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0900"}, "label": "900"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1050"}, "label": "1050"}}}, "source": {"citation": "\"Stylistic Classification\" From: THANADOS: https://thanados.net/vocabulary/25158 [Accessed: 2022/07/22]\nLicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License", "title": "THANADOS - The Anthropological and Archaeological Database of Sepultures", "url": "https://thanados.net", "yearPublished": "2022", "creators": [{"name": "Stefan Eichert"}, {"name": "Nina Richards"}]}, "editorialNote": "THANADOS is a Digital Humanities web portal for archaeologically and anthropologically investigated burials and their digital dissemination. The regions covered are Austria and the Czech Republic during the the Early Middle Ages (600 until 1100 AD). New sites are added continuously to provide an online open data repository of Early Medieval cemeteries. Several projects that contributed data are featured"}, "p0ghrgf": {"id": "p0ghrgf", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0ghrgfhdqk": {"id": "p0ghrgfhdqk", "type": "Period", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "label": "Пре династије Немањића", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "languageTag": "sr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Before the Nemanjić Dynasty"], "sr": ["Пре династије Немањића"]}, "broader": "p0ghrgf8wvt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23522", "label": "Balkans"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia, Balkans, Byzantine Empire, Vlastimirović Dynasty, Vojislavljević Dynasty, Vukanović Dynasty", "start": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1167"}, "label": "1167"}}, "p0ghrgfnscc": {"id": "p0ghrgfnscc", "type": "Period", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "label": "Од Стефана Немање до краља Милутина", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "languageTag": "sr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["From Stefan Nemanja to the King Milutin"], "sr": ["Од Стефана Немање до краља Милутина"]}, "broader": "p0ghrgf8wvt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23522", "label": "Balkans"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia, Balkans, Serbian Grand Principality, Rascia, Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1167"}, "label": "1167"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1267"}, "label": "1267"}}, "p0ghrgfxcm4": {"id": "p0ghrgfxcm4", "type": "Period", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "label": "Од краља Милутина до распада Српског царства", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "languageTag": "sr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["From the King Milutin to the Fall of the Serbian Empire"], "sr": ["Од краља Милутина до распада Српског царства"]}, "broader": "p0ghrgf8wvt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23522", "label": "Balkans"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia, Balkans, Kingdom of Serbia, Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1267"}, "label": "1267"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1371"}, "label": "1371"}}, "p0ghrgf7nf8": {"id": "p0ghrgf7nf8", "type": "Period", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "label": "Од распада Српског царства до пада под турску власт", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "languageTag": "sr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["From the Fall of the Serbian Empire to the Ottoman Conquest"], "sr": ["Од распада Српског царства до пада под турску власт"]}, "broader": "p0ghrgf8wvt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": 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"spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia, Balkans, Ottoman Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "1459"}, "label": "1459"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1690"}, "label": "1690"}}, "p0ghrgfh29f": {"id": "p0ghrgfh29f", "type": "Period", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "label": "Од Велике сеобе Срба до Првог српског устанка", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "languageTag": "sr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["From the Great Migration of Serbs to the First Serbian Uprising"], "sr": ["Од Велике сеобе Срба до Првог српског устанка"]}, "broader": "p0ghrgfzg9f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23522", "label": "Balkans"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia, Balkans, Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy", "start": {"in": {"year": "1690"}, "label": "1690"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1804"}, "label": "1804"}}, "p0ghrgfvm5m": {"id": "p0ghrgfvm5m", "type": "Period", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "label": "Од Првог српског устанка до Првог светског рата", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "languageTag": "sr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["From the First Serbian Uprising to World War I"], "sr": ["Од Првог српског устанка до Првог светског рата"]}, "broader": "p0ghrgfzg9f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23522", "label": "Balkans"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia, Balkans, Principality of Serbia, Kingdom of Serbia, Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, Austrian Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire ", "start": {"in": {"year": "1804"}, "label": "1804"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}}, "p0ghrgf2c6z": {"id": "p0ghrgf2c6z", "type": "Period", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "label": "Мезолит", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "languageTag": "sr", "localizedLabels": 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"Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23522", "label": "Balkans"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1747689", "label": "ancient Rome"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia, Balkans, Ancient Rome, Byzantine Empire", "start": {"in": {"year": "0100"}, "label": "100"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700"}}, "p0ghrgf8wvt": {"id": "p0ghrgf8wvt", "type": "Period", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "label": "Средњи век", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "languageTag": "sr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Ages"], "sr": ["Средњи век"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23522", "label": "Balkans"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12544", "label": "Byzantine Empire"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia, Balkans", "start": {"in": {"year": "0700"}, "label": "700"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1459"}, "label": "1459"}}, "p0ghrgfzg9f": {"id": "p0ghrgfzg9f", "type": "Period", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "label": "Нови век", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/sr", "languageTag": "sr", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern Period"], "sr": ["Нови век"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q403", "label": "Serbia"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q23522", "label": "Balkans"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Serbia, Balkans", "start": {"in": {"year": "1459"}, "label": "1459"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1914"}, "label": "1914"}}}, "source": {"citation": "Mathematical Institute SANU. (n.d.). Cultural Monuments in Serbia Timeline. Споменици културе у Србији. Retrieved August 2, 2022, from http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php ", "title": " Cultural Monuments in Serbia Timeline", "url": "http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/timeline.php", "creators": [{"name": "Mathematical Institute SANU"}], "yearPublished": "2022", "contributors": [{"name": "Šegan-Radonjić, Marija"}]}}, "p084zsd": {"id": "p084zsd", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p084zsdfcj6": {"id": "p084zsdfcj6", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 13"}, "label": "Transitional Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["age of Iconoclasm", "Byzantine Dark Ages", "Transitional Period"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "The name Cappadocia refers to a historical region of central Anatolia.", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0667", "latestYear": "0700"}, "label": "late seventh century"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0901", "latestYear": "0934"}, "label": "early tenth century"}, "note": "\"Sometimes called the 'age of Iconoclasm' or simply the \"dark ages,\" I prefer the more neutral nomenclature and thus refer to the late seventh through the early tenth centuries as the transitional period.\" (Ousterhout, 13). ", "editorialNote": "I agree with Ousterhout's reasoning that the label \"transitional period\" is preferable to the Iconoclastic period (which may not represent Cappadocian experience) or dark age (which is perceived as derogatory, even when it refers to the dearth of extant sources from the seventh to ninth centuries in Anatolia). "}}, "source": {"citation": "Ousterhout Robert G. 2017. Visualizing Community: Art Material Culture and Settlement in Byzantine Cappadocia. Washington D.C: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.", "title": "Visualizing Community: Art, Material Culture, and Settlement in Byzantine Cappadocia", "url": "https://worldcat.org/en/title/934100132", "yearPublished": "2017", "creators": [{"name": "Robert G. Ousterhout"}], "locator": "13"}, "editorialNote": "This book was written by a scholar of Byzantine architecture, and is the most up to date and comprehensive study of Cappadocian architecture during the Byzantine period. "}, "p0ckt9x": {"id": "p0ckt9x", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0ckt9xcn7g": {"id": "p0ckt9xcn7g", "type": "Period", "label": "PPNA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic A", "PPNA"], "he": [" נאולית קדם-קרמי א"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xjf45", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant, Cyprus", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9749"}, "label": "9750 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8499"}, "label": "8500 BCE"}, "note": "First defined by K. Kenyon based on her excavations at Jericho.", "narrower": []}, "p0ckt9xf9f4": {"id": "p0ckt9xf9f4", "type": "Period", "label": "PPNB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic B", "PPNB"], "he": ["נאולית קדם-קרמי ב"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xjf45", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant, Cyprus", "start": {"in": {"year": "-8499"}, "label": "8500 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "7000 BCE"}, "note": "First defined by K. Kenyon based on her excavations at Jericho."}, "p0ckt9xjf45": {"id": "p0ckt9xjf45", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pages 48-50"}, "label": "Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"he": ["התקופה הנאוליתית"], "en": ["Neolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9749"}, "label": "9750 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5499"}, "label": "5500 BCE"}}, "p0ckt9x2986": {"id": "p0ckt9x2986", "type": "Period", "label": "PPNC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Pottery Neolithic C", "PPNC"], "he": ["נאולית קדם-קרמי ג"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xjf45", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6999"}, "label": "7000 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6499"}, "label": "6500 BCE"}, "note": "Could be a localised culture of the Jordanian highlands, equivalent to late or terminal PPNB elsewhere."}, "p0ckt9x4m4r": {"id": "p0ckt9x4m4r", "type": "Period", "label": "Ln1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic 1", "Pottery Neolithic A", "PNA", "Early Pottery Neolithic", "Ln1"], "he": ["נאולית קרמי א"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xjf45", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-6499"}, "label": "6500 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "6000 BCE"}, "note": "Partly contemporary with the Yarmukian culture and Jericho Stratum IX"}, "p0ckt9xz6c3": {"id": "p0ckt9xz6c3", "type": "Period", "label": "Ln2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic 2", "Pottery Neolithic B", "Late Pottery Neolithic", "Early Chalcolithic", "Ln2"], "he": ["נאולית קרמי ב"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xjf45", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5999"}, "label": "6000 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5499"}, "label": "5500 BCE"}, "note": "Partly contemporary with the Wadi Rabah culture and Jericho Stratum VIII"}, "p0ckt9xqfq9": {"id": "p0ckt9xqfq9", "type": "Period", "label": "Middle Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"he": ["כלקולית תכון"], "en": ["Middle Chalcolithic"]}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5499"}, "label": "5500 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 BCE"}, "note": "Transitional period. Defined by some scholars as the end of the Neolithic period (Wadi Rabah culture), while others see it as part of the Chalcolithic (Ghassulian or other cultures)."}, "p0ckt9xwbht": {"id": "p0ckt9xwbht", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pages 48-50"}, "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"he": ["התקופה הכלקוליתית"], "en": ["Chalcolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 BCE"}, "stop": {"label": "3900/3700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-3899", "latestYear": "-3699"}}, "editorialNote": "Stop of the period: range 3900 - 3700 BCE"}, "p0ckt9xfs6n": {"id": "p0ckt9xfs6n", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pages 50-52"}, "label": "Early Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["EB", "תקופת הברונזה הקדומה", "Early Bronze Age"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "3900/3700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-3899", "latestYear": "-3699"}}, "stop": {"label": "2500/2300 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2299"}}, "note": "The beginning is marked more by changing ceramic styles (and perhaps some other features, such as burial customs) than by apparent social organization. Confirmed by radiocarbon dates.", "editorialNote": "Maximal range of the dates for this period."}, "p0ckt9x3npj": {"id": "p0ckt9x3npj", "type": "Period", "label": "EB I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age I", "EB I"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה הקדומה א"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xfs6n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "3900/3700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-3899", "latestYear": "-3699"}}, "stop": {"label": "3200/3000 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-3199", "latestYear": "-2999"}}, "note": "Transition EB I/EB II is based on the ceramic phenomena, like the appearance of the Abydos Ware and the highly fired metallic ware with pattern combing, the disappearance of the grey burnished ware.", "editorialNote": "The end of the period is a range of 3200 - 3000 BCE.", "narrower": []}, "p0ckt9xg6zz": {"id": "p0ckt9xg6zz", "type": "Period", "label": "EB II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age II", "EB II"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה הקדומה ב"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xfs6n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "3200/3000 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-3199", "latestYear": "-2999"}}, "stop": {"label": "2850/2600 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2849", "latestYear": "-2599"}}, "note": "Transition EB II/EB III is marked by the appearance of the burnished red-and-black Khirbet Kerak ware in the northern valleys. Radiocarbon dates are around 2800 BCE, while according to the low absolute Egyptian chronology, it's 2600 BCE.", "narrower": []}, "p0ckt9x4knx": {"id": "p0ckt9x4knx", "type": "Period", "label": "EB III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age III", "EB III"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה התכונה ג"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xfs6n", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "2850/2600 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2849", "latestYear": "-2599"}}, "stop": {"label": "2500/2300 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2299"}}, "note": "The ARCANE team posits an EB III/Intermediate Bronze transition at 2500/2450 BCE.", "narrower": []}, "p0ckt9xwmw6": {"id": "p0ckt9xwmw6", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pages 52-53"}, "label": "IB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Intermediate Bronze Age", "EB IV", "MB I", "Middle Bronze Age I", "IB"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה הביניימית"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "2500/2300 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2299"}}, "stop": {"label": "2200/1900 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-1899"}}, "note": "Taking into account only radiocarbon dates from southern Levantine sites, the ARCANE team posits an EB III/Intermediate Bronze transition at 2500/2450 BCE for the Levant.\nThe later dates are based on the proposed dates of the destruction of the palaces in the Syrian sphere."}, "p0ckt9xm2xj": {"id": "p0ckt9xm2xj", "type": "Period", "label": "MB I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age I", "MB IIA", "MB I"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה התכונה א"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xk62x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "2200/1900 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-1899"}}, "stop": {"label": "1750 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1749"}}, "note": "For the beginning of the period see dates from Tel Ifshar and Tell el Hayyat; for the transition MBI/II: Tel Nami."}, "p0ckt9xd2mj": {"id": "p0ckt9xd2mj", "type": "Period", "label": "MB II (early)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["MB IIA", "MB II", "Middle Bronze Age II (early)", "MB II (early)"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה התכונה ב (קדומה)"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1749"}, "label": "1750 BCE"}, "stop": {"label": "1700/1600 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1699", "latestYear": "-1599"}}, "note": "There seems to be no clear and generally agreed criteria for separating the early and late subdivisions of MB II (or MB II A and B).", "editorialNote": "The end of the period is given here as a broad range in the middle of the MB II period.", "broader": "p0ckt9xk62x"}, "p0ckt9xhfkr": {"id": "p0ckt9xhfkr", "type": "Period", "label": "MB II (late)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age II (late)", "MB IIC", "MB III", "MB II (late)"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה התכונה ב (מאוחרת)"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "1700/1600 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1699", "latestYear": "-1599"}}, "stop": {"label": "1640/1540 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1639", "latestYear": "-1539"}}, "broader": "p0ckt9xk62x"}, "p0ckt9xk62x": {"id": "p0ckt9xk62x", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pages 53-55"}, "label": "Middle Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["MB", "Middle Bronze Age"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה התכונה"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "2200/1900 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-1899"}}, "stop": {"label": "1640/1540 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1639", "latestYear": "-1539"}}, "narrower": ["p0ckt9xm2xj", "p0ckt9xd2mj", "p0ckt9xhfkr"]}, "p0ckt9xqt9k": {"id": "p0ckt9xqt9k", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pages 56-58"}, "label": "Late Bronze Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["LB", "Late Bronze Age"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה המאוחרת"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "1640/1540 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1639", "latestYear": "-1539"}}, "stop": {"label": "1150/1100 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1149", "latestYear": "-1099"}}, "note": "The transition MB/LB is marked by the appearance and disappearance of several ceramics wares and 'families' while the absolute date is debated."}, "p0ckt9x8dc6": {"id": "p0ckt9x8dc6", "type": "Period", "label": "LB I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age I", "LB I"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה המאוחרת 1"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xqt9k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "1640/1540 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1639", "latestYear": "-1539"}}, "stop": {"label": "1400 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1399"}}, "note": "Defined as pre-El Amarna period and ceramically."}, "p0ckt9x9wdb": {"id": "p0ckt9x9wdb", "type": "Period", "label": "LB IIA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lata Bronze Age IIA", "LB II", "LB IIA"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה המאוחרת 2א"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xqt9k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1399"}, "label": "1400 BCE"}, "stop": {"label": "1330/1300 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1329", "latestYear": "-1299"}}, "note": "El-Amarna period"}, "p0ckt9xpbpz": {"id": "p0ckt9xpbpz", "type": "Period", "label": "LB IIB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age IIB", "LB IIB"], "he": ["תקופת הברונזה המאוחרת 2ב"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xqt9k", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "1330/1300 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1329", "latestYear": "-1299"}}, "stop": {"label": "1200/1150 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1199", "latestYear": "-1149"}}, "note": "post-El Amarna period"}, "p0ckt9x5rwj": {"id": "p0ckt9x5rwj", "type": "Period", "label": "LB/IR", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["IR IA", "LB III", "Transitional Late Bronze - Iron Age period", "LB/IR"], "he": ["תקופת המעבר מתקופת הברונזה המאוחרת לתקופת הברזל"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "1200/1150 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1199", "latestYear": "-1149"}}, "stop": {"label": "1150/1100 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1149", "latestYear": "-1099"}}, "note": "Radiocarbon distributions from terminal Late Bronze destructions usually cover the last decades of the 13th to mid-12th centuries.\nBCE."}, "p0ckt9xfp76": {"id": "p0ckt9xfp76", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pages 58-61"}, "label": "Iron Age", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["IR", "Iron Age"], "he": ["תקופת הברזל"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "1150/1100 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1149", "latestYear": "-1099"}}, "stop": {"label": "608/586 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0607", "latestYear": "-0585"}}, "narrower": ["p0ckt9x4qrv", "p0ckt9x4k8p", "p0ckt9xtbbw", "p0ckt9xdwvt", "p0ckt9xp99g"]}, "p0ckt9x4qrv": {"id": "p0ckt9x4qrv", "type": "Period", "label": "Iron I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["IA IB", "Iron I"], "he": ["תקופת הברזל א"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xfp76", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "1150/1100 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1149", "latestYear": "-1099"}}, "stop": {"label": "1000/925 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0999", "latestYear": "-0924"}}}, "p0ckt9x4k8p": {"id": "p0ckt9x4k8p", "type": "Period", "label": "Iron I / II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early IA IIA", "Iron I / II"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xfp76", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "1000 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "stop": {"label": "900 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0899"}}, "note": "Transitional period, usually subsumed within Iron Ib or Iron IIA"}, "p0ckt9xtbbw": {"id": "p0ckt9xtbbw", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 60"}, "label": "Iron IIA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["IA II", "IA IIA", "Iron IIA"], "he": ["תקופת הברזל 2א"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xfp76", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "1000/900 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0999", "latestYear": "-0899"}}, "stop": {"label": "925/800 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0924", "latestYear": "-0799"}}, "note": "The usual criteria for the beginning of Iron II are the end of the Philistine painted tradition in the southern Levant, the spread of red slipped wares (handburnished in the southern Levant, Phoenician red slip along the northern coasts, Black-on-Red in Cyprus), evolution within the Phoenician bichrome tradition, and foreign imports, most importantly of the Cypro-Geometric III horizon. Again, it must be stressed that all of the above are gradual and independent, and none necessarily correlates with such criteria for state formation as urbanization and public works."}, "p0ckt9xdwvt": {"id": "p0ckt9xdwvt", "type": "Period", "label": "Iron IIB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["IA III", "Iron IIB"], "he": ["תקופת הברזל 2ב"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xfp76", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "925/800 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0924", "latestYear": "-0799"}}, "stop": {"label": "730/700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0729", "latestYear": "-0699"}}}, "p0ckt9xp99g": {"id": "p0ckt9xp99g", "type": "Period", "label": "Iron IIC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"he": ["תקופת הברזל 2ג"], "en": ["Iron IIC"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9xfp76", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "730/700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0729", "latestYear": "-0699"}}, "stop": {"label": "608/586 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0607", "latestYear": "-0585"}}, "narrower": []}, "p0ckt9xhphz": {"id": "p0ckt9xhphz", "type": "Period", "label": "Iron III/Babylonian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Babylonian", "IA III", "Iron III/Babylonian"], "he": ["התקופה הבבלית"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"label": "608/586 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0607", "latestYear": "-0585"}}, "stop": {"label": "530 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0529"}}}, "p0ckt9xdzbw": {"id": "p0ckt9xdzbw", "type": "Period", "label": "Iron III/Persian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Persian", "Iron III/Persian"], "he": ["התקופה הפרסית"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q81483", "label": "Levant"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Levant", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0529"}, "label": "530 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0329"}, "label": "330 BCE"}, "note": "The historical end date (332 BCE) falls within the Persian/Hellenistic transition period."}, "p0ckt9xwcd7": {"id": "p0ckt9xwcd7", "type": "Period", "label": "Aceramic Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Khirokitia Culture", "Aceramic Neolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"in": {"year": "-9749"}, "label": "9750 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-5499"}, "label": "5500 BCE"}}, "p0ckt9x8b5v": {"id": "p0ckt9x8b5v", "type": "Period", "label": "Ceramic Neolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ceramic Neolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"in": {"year": "-5499"}, "label": "5500 BCE"}, "stop": {"label": "3900/3700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-3899", "latestYear": "-3699"}}}, "p0ckt9xh3k6": {"id": "p0ckt9xh3k6", "type": "Period", "label": "Chalcolithic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chalcolithic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "3900/3700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-3899", "latestYear": "-3699"}}, "stop": {"label": "2500/2300 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2299"}}, "narrower": []}, "p0ckt9xz79q": {"id": "p0ckt9xz79q", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 52"}, "label": "EC", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Cypriot", "EC"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "2500/2300 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2499", "latestYear": "-2299"}}, "stop": {"label": "2200/1900 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-1899"}}}, "p0ckt9x5xmg": {"id": "p0ckt9x5xmg", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "page 56"}, "label": "Middle Cypriot", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["MC", "Middle Cypriot"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "2000/1900 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1999", "latestYear": "-1899"}}, "stop": {"label": "1800/1700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1799", "latestYear": "-1699"}}}, "p0ckt9xhztq": {"id": "p0ckt9xhztq", "type": "Period", "label": "MC I - II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Cypriot I - II", "MC I - II"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9x5xmg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "2200/1900 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2199", "latestYear": "-1899"}}, "stop": {"label": "1750 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1749"}}}, "p0ckt9x7k46": {"id": "p0ckt9x7k46", "type": "Period", "label": "MC III - LC IA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["MC III - LC IA"]}, "broader": "p0ckt9x5xmg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"in": {"year": "-1749"}, "label": "1750 BCE"}, "stop": {"label": "1640/1540 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1639", "latestYear": "-1539"}}}, "p0ckt9xzr6q": {"id": "p0ckt9xzr6q", "type": "Period", "label": "LC IB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Cypriot IB", "LC IB"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "1640/1540 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1639", "latestYear": "-1539"}}, "stop": {"label": "1400 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1399"}}}, "p0ckt9xgqxk": {"id": "p0ckt9xgqxk", "type": "Period", "label": "LC IIA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Cypriot IIA", "LC IIA"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "1400 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1399"}}, "stop": {"label": "1330/1300 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1329", "latestYear": "-1299"}}}, "p0ckt9xxsq7": {"id": "p0ckt9xxsq7", "type": "Period", "label": "LC IIB_C", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Cypriot IIB-C", "LC IIB_C"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "1330/1300 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1329", "latestYear": "-1299"}}, "stop": {"label": "1200/1150 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1199", "latestYear": "-1149"}}}, "p0ckt9xxqbf": {"id": "p0ckt9xxqbf", "type": "Period", "label": "LC IIIA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Cypriot IIIA", "LC IIIA"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "1200/1150 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1199", "latestYear": "-1149"}}, "stop": {"label": "1150/1100 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1149", "latestYear": "-1099"}}}, "p0ckt9xfc85": {"id": "p0ckt9xfc85", "type": "Period", "label": "LC IIIB - CG IA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["LC IIIB - CG IA"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "1150/1100 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1149", "latestYear": "-1099"}}, "stop": {"label": "1050 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1049"}}, "narrower": []}, "p0ckt9xrwjd": {"id": "p0ckt9xrwjd", "type": "Period", "label": "CG IB - CG II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cypro-Geometric IB - II", "CG IB - CG II"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "1050 BCE", "in": {"year": "-1049"}}, "stop": {"label": "1000/900 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0999", "latestYear": "-0899"}}}, "p0ckt9xr24m": {"id": "p0ckt9xr24m", "type": "Period", "label": "CG III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cypro-Geometric III", "CG III"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "1000/900 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0999", "latestYear": "-0899"}}, "stop": {"label": "730/700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0729", "latestYear": "-0699"}}}, "p0ckt9xcjv2": {"id": "p0ckt9xcjv2", "type": "Period", "label": "Cypro-Archaic", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cypro-Archaic"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"label": "730/700 BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0729", "latestYear": "-0699"}}, "stop": {"label": "475 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0474"}}, "note": "The beginning of the period broadly coincides with the transition from Iron IIB to Iron IIC.\nThe end is defined historically and by a transition Archaic–Classical Attic and Cypriot pottery."}, "p0ckt9xpzr8": {"id": "p0ckt9xpzr8", "type": "Period", "label": "Cypro-Classical", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cypro-Classical"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q229", "label": "Cyprus"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Cyprus", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0474"}, "label": "475 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0329"}, "label": "330 BCE"}}}, "source": {"url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212972.013.004", "yearPublished": "2013", "creators": [{"name": "Ilan Sharon"}], "citation": "Sharon, I. 2013. “The Chronological Framework.” In A. E. Killebrew and M. Steiner (eds.) The Oxford Handbook for the Archaeology of the Levant Oxford: Oxford University Press.", "title": "Levantine Chronology", "contributors": [{"name": "Sveta Matskevich"}], "locator": "p. 63"}}, "p0pkpgk": {"id": "p0pkpgk", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0pkpgkt2v3": {"id": "p0pkpgkt2v3", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 63-64"}, "label": "Pre-mithraeum building(s)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-mithraeum building(s)"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"label": "before 168 AD", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0299", "latestYear": "0167"}}, "stop": {"label": "168 AD", "in": {"year": "0168"}}, "note": "End of pre-mithraeum phase determined by inscription YUAG accession # 1935.97, WD QID Q98270560 (p. 63, 83).", "editorialNote": "This is the excavators' original phasing of the building; it did not account for differences in campaigns of wall redecoration and structural renovations; phasing has since been updated by Dirven and McCarty 2020; earliest start date extrapolated from the site's foundation date of c. 300 BC."}, "p0pkpgkvf9d": {"id": "p0pkpgkvf9d", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 64-70"}, "label": "Early Mithraeum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["EM", "Early Mithraeum"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0168"}, "label": "168 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0210"}, "label": "c. 210 AD"}, "note": "End of pre-mithraeum phase, start of EM phase determined by inscription YUAG accession # 1935.97, WD QID Q98270560; end of EM and start of MM phase determined by the inscription referring to the rebuilding of a temple to mithras under Antonius Valentinus (CIMRM 1.53; AE 1940.220; PR VII + VIII no. 847, p. 85).", "editorialNote": "This is the excavators' original phasing of the building and did not account for differences in campaigns of wall redecoration and structural renovations; phasing has since been updated by Dirven and McCarty 2020."}, "p0pkpgk57tt": {"id": "p0pkpgk57tt", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 70-76"}, "label": "Middle Mithraeum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["MM", "Middle Mithraeum"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0210"}, "label": "c. 210 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0240"}, "label": "240 AD"}, "note": "End of EM and start of MM phase determined by the inscription referring to the rebuilding of a temple to mithras under Antonius Valentinus (CIMRM 1.53; AE 1940.220; PR VII + VIII no. 847, p. 85).", "editorialNote": "This is the excavators' original phasing of the building and did not account for differences in campaigns of wall redecoration and structural renovations; phasing has since been updated by Dirven and McCarty 2020."}, "p0pkpgkwxn7": {"id": "p0pkpgkwxn7", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 76-80"}, "label": "Late Mithraeum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["LM", "Late Mithraeum"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0240"}, "label": "c. 240 AD"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0256"}, "label": "256 AD"}, "note": "Date for the destruction of the building determined by the date of Sasanian siege c. 256 CE; Mithraeum went out of use when commandeered for the construction of a defensive embankment along wall street.", "editorialNote": "This is the excavators' original phasing of the building and did not account for differences in campaigns of wall redecoration and structural renovations; phasing has since been updated by Dirven and McCarty 2020."}}, "source": {"citation": "Rostovtzeff M. I., F. E. Brown, and C. B. Welles (eds.). 1939. Preliminary Report of the Seventh and Eighth Seasons of Work 1933-1934 and 1934-1935. The Excavations at Dura-Europos: Conducted by Yale University and the French Academy of Inscriptions and Letters. New Haven: Yale University Press.", "title": " Excavations at Dura-Europos, Seventh and eight seasons, 1933-1934, 1934-1935", "url": "https://worldcat.org/en/title/886626539", "yearPublished": "1939", "creators": [{"name": "M. I. Rostovtzeff"}, {"name": " F. E. Brown"}, {"name": " C. B. Welles"}]}, "editorialNote": "This is the excavators' original phasing of the building and did not account for differences in campaigns of wall redecoration and structural renovations; phasing has since been updated by Dirven and McCarty 2020."}, "p0ns3tk": {"id": "p0ns3tk", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0ns3tk5mn7": {"id": "p0ns3tk5mn7", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 19-22"}, "label": "Hellenistic Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Seleucid Period", "Hellenistic Period"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"label": "300 BCE", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}, "stop": {"label": "Late second or early first century BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0131", "latestYear": "-0065"}}, "note": "Baird specifies, \"The precise date of Dura’s foundation is similarly hazy (and in any case, it did not spring fully formed into existence but came into being over a period of time); traditionally it is placed around 300 BCE, based on what we know of the settlement of Syria by the Seleucids.\" (19)...\"The subjugation of Dura under Arsacid rule has traditionally been dated to 113 BCE, based on the reading of the coin evidence by Bellinger. There is actually no secure evidence for the date at which the Arsacids took control of the site; instead, we can only presume this hegemony belongs to the late second or early first century BCE based on what is known of the general breakup of Seleucid control of the region\" (p. 23).", "editorialNote": "113 BCE is the date most frequently used for the start of Dura's Arsacid (Parthian) period, based on Bellinger's problematic reading of the coins. To account for Baird's preferred range of \"late second to early first century BCE\", we have expressed the relative concepts of \"early\" and \"late\" according to PeriodO's preferred practice of dividing centuries into approximately equal thirds."}, "p0ns3tk6npz": {"id": "p0ns3tk6npz", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 23-29"}, "label": "Arsacid Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Parthian Period", "Arsacid Period"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"label": "late second or early first century BCE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0131", "latestYear": "-0065"}}, "stop": {"label": "165-190s CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0165", "latestYear": "0194"}}, "note": "Baird specifies, \"The subjugation of Dura under Arsacid rule has traditionally been dated to 113 BCE, based on the reading of the coin evidence by Bellinger. There is actually no secure evidence for the date at which the Arsacids took control of the site; instead, we can only presume this hegemony belongs to the late second or early first century BCE based on what is known of the general breakup of Seleucid control of the region.\" (p. 23) Arsacid control of the site was briefly interrupted by the Romans c. 116-117 CE (p. 23).", "editorialNote": "113 BCE is the start date date most frequently used for Dura's Arsacid (Parthian) period, based on Bellinger's problematic reading of the coins. To account for Baird's preferred start range of \"late second to early first century BCE\", we have expressed the relative concepts of \"early\" and \"late\" according to PeriodO's preferred practice of dividing centuries into approximately equal thirds. End dates derived from discussion on pages 23-29, citing the date of Lucius Verus's 165 CE Persian campaign as marking the earliest possible moment for sustained Roman control of the city and the 190s CE marking the latest possible moment based on the fact that \"In 194, Dura fell within Emperor Septimius Severus’ new province of Syria Coele\" (p. 30)."}, "p0ns3tk739s": {"id": "p0ns3tk739s", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 23-26"}, "label": "Brief period of Roman control", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Brief period of Roman control"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0116"}, "label": "116 CE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0117"}, "label": "117 CE"}, "note": "The brief period of Roman control of the site under Trajan is attested by an inscription from a triumphal arch dedicated to Trajan whose remains were excavated outside the walls of Dura--see Preliminary Report 7/8: 128–129, no. 868; Baird also notes: \"While historical sources outside Dura are silent on Rome’s intervention at the site under Trajan, a single Greek inscription tells us that it was not a quiet nor unnoticed handover: in 116/17 CE, the inscription records that a man called Alexander (he was also known as Ammaios, it reports), who was the son of one Epinicus, renovated the naos of a temple, as his father had, and that he replaced at his own expense the temple doors, the originals having been taken away by the Romans. So, there was damage to the site (and the seizure of booty) by Roman forces, and the Romans were recorded by name as having desecrated a temple, all within Dura’s Arsacid period; this was an explicit judgement against the Romans\" (p. 23).", "editorialNote": "It is unclear exactly how long the Romans held the city during this brief interlude; it may be less than a year. "}, "p0ns3tkfskp": {"id": "p0ns3tkfskp", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 29-37"}, "label": "Roman Period", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Period"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"label": "165-190s CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0165", "latestYear": "0194"}}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "0256"}, "label": "256 CE"}, "note": "The Roman occupation of Dura \"is usually presumed to date to 165 CE, with the campaign of Lucius Verus against Parthia, and a Greek dedication to Lucius Verus was indeed found in the temple of Artemis at Dura. The situation after 165 is blurry, and it is not certain that after this date the site was under direct Roman control. Ted Kaizer has recently suggested that the territory may have been controlled not by Rome or Parthia but by Palmyra. Nevertheless, the early years of Dura under Roman rule, perhaps starting as early as 165 or as late as the 190s, are not well attested. Specifically, they are not easily archaeologically isolated due to the nature of the excavations, although there are a number of dated inscriptions and parchments within the site which anchor particular structures and events. In either case, Dura would remain under Roman control for less than a century, but it is this, final, period of the site which is the most extensively excavated and studied archaeologically.\" (p. 29) \"The traditional date of 256 CE for the fall of Dura was based on a single coin found on the person of a soldier who was buried hastily in the siege rampart.130 While this is circumstantial, there is no evidence for Roman occupation after this date\" (p. 36).", "editorialNote": "Dates derived from discussion on pages 23-29, citing the date of Lucius Verus's 165 CE Persian campaign as marking the earliest possible moment for sustained Roman control of the city and the 190s CE marking the latest possible moment based on the fact that \"In 194, Dura fell within Emperor Septimius Severus’ new province of Syria Coele\" (p. 30)."}}, "source": {"citation": "Baird Jennifer A. 2018. Dura-Europos. London UK: Bloomsbury Academic.", "title": " Dura-Europos", "url": "https://worldcat.org/en/title/982444423", "yearPublished": "2018", "creators": [{"name": "Jennifer A. Baird "}]}, "editorialNote": "This is a general chronological of the Dura-Euopos site as a whole."}, "p0mx5nb": {"id": "p0mx5nb", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0mx5nb2bqh": {"id": "p0mx5nb2bqh", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 167, 176"}, "label": "Pre-mithraeum building(s)", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-mithraeum building(s)"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pkpgkt2v3"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"label": "Almost 400 years prior to 169 CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0299", "latestYear": "0169"}}, "stop": {"label": "169 CE", "in": {"year": "0169"}}, "note": "End of pre-mithraeum phase determined by inscription YUAG accession # 1935.97, WD QID Q98270560.", "editorialNote": "This source updates the phasing proposed by the building's original excavators in Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939. As of its publication, it is considered the authoritative phasing for the Mithraeum. Note that this source, unlike Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939, decouples the phases of wall painting (Phase A, Phase B, Final Phase) from building construction phases (Mithraeum I, Mithraeum II)."}, "p0mx5nbjmkh": {"id": "p0mx5nbjmkh", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 167, 176"}, "label": "Mithraeum I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mithraeum I"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pkpgkvf9d"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"label": "169 CE (or slightly earlier)", "in": {"year": "0169"}}, "stop": {"label": "209-211", "in": {"earliestYear": "0209", "latestYear": "0211"}}, "note": "End of pre-mithraeum phase, start of Mithraeum I building phase determined by inscription YUAG accession # 1935.97, WD QID Q98270560; end of Mithraeum I and start of Mithraeum II building phase determined by the inscription referring to the rebuilding of a temple to mithras under Antonius Valentinus (CIMRM 1.53; AE 1940.220; PR VII + VIII no. 847, p. 85), found in the fill above the mithraeum (p. 167, 176).", "editorialNote": "Mithraeum I = Early Mithraeum (EM) + Middle Mithraeum (MM) phases from the phasing proposed by the original excavators; Dirven and McCarty 2020 argue that the original excavators' Early Mithraeum (EM) phase was in error. This source updates the phasing proposed by the building's original excavators in Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939. As of its publication, it is considered the authoritative phasing for the Mithraeum. Note that this source, unlike Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939, decouples the phases of wall painting (Phase A, Phase B, Final Phase) from building construction phases (Mithraeum I, Mithraeum II)."}, "p0mx5nb56sq": {"id": "p0mx5nb56sq", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 167, 176"}, "label": "Mithraeum II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mithraeum II"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p0pkpgkwxn7", "p0pkpgk57tt"], "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"label": "209-211 CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0209", "latestYear": "0211"}}, "stop": {"label": "256 CE", "in": {"year": "0256"}}, "note": "Start of Mithraeum II building phase determined by the inscription referring to the rebuilding of a temple to mithras under Antonius Valentinus (CIMRM 1.53; AE 1940.220; PR VII + VIII no. 847, p. 85), found in the fill above the mithraeum (p. 167, 176); end of phase determined by construction of the seige rampart in wall street c. 256 CE (p. 165).", "editorialNote": "This source updates the phasing proposed by the building's original excavators in Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939. As of its publication, it is considered the authoritative phasing for the Mithraeum. Note that this source, unlike Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939, decouples the phases of wall painting (Phase A, Phase B, Final Phase) from building construction phases (Mithraeum I, Mithraeum II)."}, "p0mx5nbc4kr": {"id": "p0mx5nbc4kr", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 169 and note 33"}, "label": "Phase A", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phase A"]}, "broader": "p0mx5nbjmkh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"label": "around 180 CE", "in": {"year": "0180"}}, "stop": {"label": "around 200 CE", "in": {"year": "0200"}}, "note": "One of at least two wall painting phases belonging to Mithraeum I; authors note that phases of wall decoration and structural changes to buildings do not always correspond to the same moment of intervention (169, 176). Note 33 to p. 169: \"If the final decoration is dated to 209/10, the other two phases are perhaps to be dated to around 200 and 180 CE respectively.\"", "editorialNote": "This source updates the phasing proposed by the building's original excavators in Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939. As of its publication, it is considered the authoritative phasing for the Mithraeum. Note that this source, unlike Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939, decouples the phases of wall painting (Phase A, Phase B, Final Phase) from building construction phases (Mithraeum I, Mithraeum II)."}, "p0mx5nbxk28": {"id": "p0mx5nbxk28", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 169 and note 33"}, "label": "Phase B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Phase B"]}, "broader": "p0mx5nbjmkh", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"in": {"year": "0200"}, "label": "around 200 CE"}, "stop": {"label": "209/10 CE", "in": {"earliestYear": "0209", "latestYear": "0210"}}, "note": "One of at least two wall painting phases belonging to Mithraeum I; authors note that phases of wall decoration and structural changes to buildings do not always correspond to the same moment of intervention (169, 176). Note 33 to p. 169: \"If the final decoration is dated to 209/10, the other two phases are perhaps to be dated to around 200 and 180 CE respectively.\"", "editorialNote": "This source updates the phasing proposed by the building's original excavators in Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939. As of its publication, it is considered the authoritative phasing for the Mithraeum. Note that this source, unlike Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939, decouples the phases of wall painting (Phase A, Phase B, Final Phase) from building construction phases (Mithraeum I, Mithraeum II)."}, "p0mx5nb7krq": {"id": "p0mx5nb7krq", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "pg. 168-169 and note 33"}, "label": "Final Phase", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Last Phase", "Final Phase"]}, "broader": "p0mx5nb56sq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464266", "label": "Dura-Europos"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dura-Europos, Syria", "start": {"label": "209/210", "in": {"earliestYear": "0209", "latestYear": "0210"}}, "stop": {"label": " 256 CE", "in": {"year": "0256"}}, "note": "Final wall painting phase belonging to Mithraeum II. Note 33 to p. 169: \"If the final decoration is dated to 209/10, the other two phases are perhaps to be dated to around 200 and 180 CE respectively.\"", "editorialNote": "This source updates the phasing proposed by the building's original excavators in Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939. As of its publication, it is considered the authoritative phasing for the Mithraeum. Note that this source, unlike Rostovtzeff, et al. 1939, decouples the phases of wall painting (Phase A, Phase B, Final Phase) from building construction phases (Mithraeum I, Mithraeum II)."}}, "source": {"citation": "Dirven, Lucinda, and Matthew M. McCarty. “Rethinking the Dura-Europos Mithraeum: Diversification and Stabilization in a Mithraic Community.” In The Archaeology of Mithraism: New Finds and Approaches to Mithras-Worship, edited by Matthew M. McCarty and Mariana Egri, 39:165–82. Peeters Publishers, 2020. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1q26jz8.18.", "title": "Rethinking the Dura-Europos Mithraeum", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1q26jz8.18", "yearPublished": "2020", "creators": [{"name": "Lucinda Dirven"}, {"name": "Matthew McCarty"}]}}, "p0ds9qj": {"id": "p0ds9qj", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0ds9qjjf69": {"id": "p0ds9qjjf69", "type": "Period", "label": "Stone Age ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"el": ["Εποχή του Λίθου"], "en": ["Stone Age "]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41", "label": "Greece"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greece", "start": {"in": {"year": "-349999"}, "label": "350000 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-3199", "latestYear": "-2999"}, "label": "3200/3000 BC"}, "narrower": ["p0ds9qjsdpq", "p0ds9qj2wwg", "p0ds9qj3x2t"]}, "p0ds9qjsdpq": {"id": "p0ds9qjsdpq", "type": "Period", "label": "Paleolithic", "language": 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Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1099"}}}, "p06vx8j82tz": {"id": "p06vx8j82tz", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca Bronzului", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bronze Age"], "ro": ["Epoca Bronzului"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j24zc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "3800-3400 a. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-3799", "latestYear": "-3399"}}, "stop": {"label": "1100 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1099"}}, "note": "Intervalul de inceput al epocii bronzului estre cuprins intre 3800 - 3400 a. Chr. "}, "p06vx8jwkfm": {"id": "p06vx8jwkfm", "type": "Period", "label": "Bronzul timpuriu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Bronze Age"], "ro": ["Bronzul timpuriu"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j82tz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "3700 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-3699"}}, "stop": {"label": "3000-2200 a. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2999", "latestYear": "-2199"}}, "note": "Finalul epocii timpurii a bronzului este plasat intr-un interval destul de larg, intre 3000 a. Chr. de catre I. Motzoi Chicideanu si 2300/2200 a. Chr. de catre Al. Vulpe."}, "p06vx8j6r99": {"id": "p06vx8j6r99", "type": "Period", "label": "Bronzul Mijlociu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Bronze Age"], "ro": ["Bronzul Mijlociu"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j82tz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "3000-2200 a.Chr. ", "in": {"earliestYear": "-2999", "latestYear": "-2199"}}, "stop": {"label": "1600 a.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1599"}}, "note": "Inceputul epocii mijlocii a bronzului este plasat intr-un interval destul de larg, intre 3000 a.Chr. de catre I. Motzoi Chicideanu si 2300/2200 a.Chr. de catre Al. Vulpe.\n"}, "p06vx8j3drv": {"id": "p06vx8j3drv", "type": "Period", "label": "Bronzul târziu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Bronze Age"], "ro": ["Bronzul târziu"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j82tz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "1600 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1599"}}, "stop": {"label": "1150 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1149"}}, "note": "Vulpe Al., 2020, p. 70; Motzoi-Chicideanu, I., Șandor-Chicideanu, M.,  2015, p. 9-53. Finalul epocii bronzului este plasat in secolul XII a. Chr.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/4NHBSHAG/library. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XB8FD7SH/library. "}, "p06vx8j3zzs": {"id": "p06vx8j3zzs", "type": "Period", "label": "Prima Epoca A Fierului", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Halstatt", "Iron Age I"], "ro": ["Prima Epoca A Fierului"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j24zc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "1150 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1149"}}, "stop": {"label": "450 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0449"}}}, "p06vx8j7vfg": {"id": "p06vx8j7vfg", "type": "Period", "label": "Hallstatt timpuriu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Hallstatt"], "ro": ["Hallstatt timpuriu"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j3zzs", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "1200/1150 a. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-1199", "latestYear": "-1149"}}, "stop": {"label": "850/800 a. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-0849", "latestYear": "-0799"}}, "note": "Laszlo, A. 2001, p. 300.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/BILZVTPF/library."}, "p06vx8jqjht": {"id": "p06vx8jqjht", "type": "Period", "label": "Hallstatt târziu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Hallstatt"], "ro": ["Hallstatt târziu"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j3zzs", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "650 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "stop": {"label": "450 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0449"}}}, "p06vx8jcb7p": {"id": "p06vx8jcb7p", "type": "Period", "label": "A Doua Epoca A Fierului ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Latene", "A Doua Epoca A Fierului "], "en": ["La Tène", " Iron Age II "]}, "broader": "p06vx8j24zc", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "450 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0449"}}, "stop": {"label": "106 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0106"}}}, "p06vx8j4cxb": {"id": "p06vx8j4cxb", "type": "Period", "label": "Latene timpuriu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early La Tène"], "ro": ["Latene timpuriu"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jcb7p", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "450 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0449"}}, "stop": {"label": "300 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0299"}}}, "p06vx8j98wc": {"id": "p06vx8j98wc", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca anterioara  Premusterianului in Pleistocenul Inferior", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The era preceding the Premousterian in the Lower Pleistocene"], "ro": ["Epoca anterioara  Premusterianului in Pleistocenul Inferior"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jpdvj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Muntenia de vest-nord-vest intre raurile Arges si Olt, zona in care intra Piemontul Getic, Piemontul Cotmeanai si partea de nord a Campiei Romane", "start": {"label": "1400000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1399999"}}, "stop": {"label": "300000 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-299999"}}, "note": "Paunescu, A. 2001, p. 73-78.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XJEME9S8/item-list"}, "p06vx8jjksc": {"id": "p06vx8jjksc", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca anterioara  Premusterianului in Pleistocenul Mijlociu ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The era preceding the Premousterian in the Middle Pleistocene"], "ro": ["Epoca anterioara  Premusterianului in Pleistocenul Mijlociu "]}, "broader": "p06vx8jpdvj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191078", "label": "Tulcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188505", "label": "Constanța County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobrogea, Campia Olteniei", "start": {"label": "700000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-699999"}}, "stop": {"label": "300000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-299999"}}, "note": "Dobrogea, Campia Olteniei. Paunescu, A. 2001, p. 73-78.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XJEME9S8/item-list"}, "p06vx8jx6dp": {"id": "p06vx8jx6dp", "type": "Period", "label": "Premusterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Premousterian"], "ro": ["Premusterian"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jpdvj", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q178861", "label": "Botoșani County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Estul Transilvaniei, Campia Romana, Campia Jijiei (Sandominic-Cariera de travertin niv I-II; Ipotesti-Milcov_Valea Oboga; Ripiceni=Izvor-strat I-Prundis; Giurgiu; Valea Lupului-Iasi )", "start": {"label": "300000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-299999"}}, "stop": {"label": "120000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-119999"}}, "note": "Estul Transilvaniei, Campia Romana, Campia Jijiei (Sandominic-Cariera de travertin niv I-II; Ipotesti-Milcov_Valea Oboga; Ripiceni=Izvor-strat I-Prundis; Giurgiu; Valea Lupului-Iasi ).  Limita nu este determinata cu certitudine aceasta poate sa fie situata si la 100 000/ 80 000 a. Chr. Paunescu, A. 2001, p. 73-78.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XJEME9S8/item-list"}, "p06vx8jdd5t": {"id": "p06vx8jdd5t", "type": "Period", "label": "Musterian", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mousterian"], "ro": ["Musterian"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jvqmw", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "120000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-119999"}}, "stop": {"label": "35000/30000/28000 a. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "-34999", "latestYear": "-27999"}}, "note": "Limita nu este determinata cu certitudine aceasta poate sa fie situata si la 100 000/ 80 000 a.Chr.  pentru inceput si 35000/30000/28000 pentru sfarsit. Paunescu, A. 2001, p. 74, 78-84.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XJEME9S8/item-list."}, "p06vx8j3hp3": {"id": "p06vx8j3hp3", "type": "Period", "label": "Musterian Inferior", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lower Mousterian "], "ro": ["Musterian Inferior"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jdd5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q178861", "label": "Botoșani County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19660", "label": "Bucharest"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Campia Romana, Campia Jijiei", "start": {"label": "120000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-119999"}}, "stop": {"label": "58000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-57999"}}, "note": "Campia Romana, Campia Jijiei.  Limita nu este determinata cu certitudine aceasta poate sa fie situata si la 100000/ 80000 a.Chr.  pentru inceput. Paunescu, A. 2001, p. 74, 78-84.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XJEME9S8/item-list"}, "p06vx8jw6fr": {"id": "p06vx8jw6fr", "type": "Period", "label": "Musterian Mijlociu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Mousterian "], "ro": ["Musterian Mijlociu"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jdd5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q178861", "label": "Botoșani County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Podisul Getic, Campia Jijiei", "start": {"label": "58000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-57999"}}, "stop": {"label": "45000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-44999"}}, "note": "Paunescu, A. 2001, p. 74, 78-84.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XJEME9S8/item-list."}, "p06vx8jhk5s": {"id": "p06vx8jhk5s", "type": "Period", "label": "Musterian Superior", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Upper Mousterian"], "ro": ["Musterian Superior"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jdd5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188661", "label": "Neamț County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q178861", "label": "Botoșani County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Subcarpatii Getici, Tara Hategului, Campia Jijiei, Carpatii Meridionali (Sudul Transilvaniei).", "start": {"label": "45000 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-44999"}}, "stop": {"label": "34000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-33999"}}, "note": "Datarea pentru Pestera cu Izvor-Cheia din Dobrogea este datata 34860 +790 -720 a. Chr). Paunescu, A. 2001, p. 74, 78-84.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XJEME9S8/item-list."}, "p06vx8jjnb2": {"id": "p06vx8jjnb2", "type": "Period", "label": "Musterian Tardiv", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mousterian"], "ro": ["Musterian Tardiv"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jdd5t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q178861", "label": "Botoșani County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Campia Jijiei, Carpatii Meridionali, Campia Romanatiului ", "start": {"label": "34000 a. 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Exista insa un exemplu si pt 24 750 a.Chr +-1040 ani la p 88-89.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XJEME9S8/item-list."}, "p06vx8jwfbp": {"id": "p06vx8jwfbp", "type": "Period", "label": "Gravetian II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gravettian II"], "ro": ["Gravetian II"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jbnd9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188661", "label": "Neamț County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Moldova, Sudul Transilvaniei (Carpatii Meridionali), Vestul Olteniei", "start": {"label": "19000 a. 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Exista o unitate culturala intre Schela Cladovei si Lepenski Vir in Serbia.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XJEME9S8/item-list."}, "p06vx8j8pr3": {"id": "p06vx8j8pr3", "type": "Period", "label": "Cârcea-Gura Baciului", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cârcea-Gura Baciului"], "ro": ["Cârcea-Gura Baciului"]}, "broader": "p06vx8js6f4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transilvania, Oltenia", "start": {"label": "6400 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-6399"}}, "stop": {"label": "6000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-5999"}}, "note": "Lazarovici, Gh., Maxim Z. 1995, 5;   Ursulescu, N. 2001 (1), p. 125. În literatura de specialitate anumiți autori consideră că grupul cultural Cârcea-Gura Baciului reprezintă o fază pre-Criș sau proto-Criș, deci că precedă Starcevo-Criș (Mantu 2000, 76, notele 2-5); alta datare propusa este intre anii 6000-5900 a. Chr.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/BXZNXJNC\nhttps://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/7XI9IVMS"}, "p06vx8j62kg": {"id": "p06vx8j62kg", "type": "Period", "label": " Starčevo-Criș", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": [" Starčevo-Criș"], "ro": [" Starčevo-Criș"]}, "broader": "p06vx8js6f4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Teritoriul dintre Tisa și Nistru, la nord de Dunăre, fără Bugeac și Bucovina", "start": {"label": "6000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-5999"}}, "stop": {"label": "5100 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-5099"}}, "note": "Fazele I, II, III și IV. Ursulescu, N. 2001 (1), p. 125-131; Biagi, P., Shennan, S., Spataro, M. 2005, p. 35-40; Mantu, C. 2000, p. 89; Lazarovici, Gh. 1979; Luca, S. A., Suciu, C., Dumitrescu-Chioar, F., 2011. Ultima faza a culturii  Starčevo-Criș ar face parte din Neoliticul Dezvoltat; Insa dupa N. Ursulescu aceasta cultura  face parte din Neaoliticul timpuriu.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/P764UFW6/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/F2QBBETN/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/JJGKIWP8/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/47PW47A5/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/MP6J3SW2/item-list."}, "p06vx8jkpzt": {"id": "p06vx8jkpzt", "type": "Period", "label": "Cultura ceramicii pictate, Faza I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Painted Ceramics Culture, Phase I"], "ro": ["Cultura ceramicii pictate, Faza I"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jf23v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crișana, Bazinul Someșului, nord-estul câmpiei Tisei, vestul Maramureșului", "start": {"label": "5600 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-5599"}}, "stop": {"label": "5200 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-5199"}}, "note": "Ursulescu, N. 2001 (1), p.126-127, 132. VIRAG, C., 2004. Hágó, Attila Nándor 2014; \nBăcueț-Crișan, S; Mantu, C.M., 2000, p. 83, 101. În urma a numeroase noi descoperiri, cultura Ciumeşti a fost redefinită de către Gh. Lazarovici drept grupul Pişcolt, deoarece cele mai reprezentative şi mai numeroase materiale au fost descoperite la Pişcolt şi nu la Ciumeşti (Lazarovici - Nemeti 1983, p. 36). Doina Ignat a propus denumirea de grupul Sântandrei -Oradea - Săcuieni - Vărzari, argumentându-şi propunerea prin existenţa unui grup Pişcolt la niveul epocii bronzului fapt care, potrivit autoarei, ar putea crea confuzie. (Virag, Cristian)\nPentru teritoriul României, acest grup a fost cuprins în Complexul Cluj - Cheile Turzii - Lumea Nouă - Iclod (CCTLNI) şi a fost definit ca o civilizaţie a neoliticului dezvoltat, format din grupe cu aspecte culturale înrudite. Grupul Pişcolt se încadrează cronologic la nivel Vinca A2/ A3 - .B, contemporan cu grupele Cluj - Cheile Turzii - Lumea Nouă (Maxim 1999, p. 69; Lazarovici - Nemeti 1983, p. 23).\nInclus de Ursulescu (IR, II, p 124) în Neo-eneoliticul timpuriu\nCristian Virag îl include în Neolitic dezvoltat\nAttila Nándor Hágó  il include în Neolitic mijlociu.\nPainted pottery culture: Grupul Szatmar, cultura ceramicii liniare a Alfold-ului AVK în Ungaria, cultura ceramicii liniare est-slovace, gupul Kopkany și Kopusany în Slovacia, grupul Diakovo în Ucraina.\n", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/P764UFW6/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/NTWGUZFE/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/W36V9PB7/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/GXQC7Z6A/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/JJGKIWP8/item-list."}, "p06vx8j76v4": {"id": "p06vx8j76v4", "type": "Period", "label": "Cultura ceramicii pictate, Faza II", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Painted Ceramics Culture, Phase II"], "ro": ["Cultura ceramicii pictate, Faza II"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jf23v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crișana, Bazinul Someșului, nord-estul câmpiei Tisei, vestul Maramureșului", "start": {"label": "5200 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-5199"}}, "stop": {"label": "5000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-4999"}}, "note": "Ursulescu, N. 2001 (1), p.126-127, 132\nVIRAG, C., 2004\nHágó, Attila Nándor\nBăcueț-Crișan, S.\nMantu, C.M., 2000, p. 83, 101.\nÎn urma a numeroase noi descoperiri, cultura Ciumeşti a fost redefinită de către Gh. Lazarovici drept grupul Pişcolt, deoarece cele mai reprezentative şi mai numeroase materiale au fost descoperite la Pişcolt şi nu la Ciumeşti (Lazarovici - Nemeti 1983, p. 36). Doina Ignat a propus denumirea de grupul Sântandrei -Oradea - Săcuieni - Vărzari, argumentându-şi propunerea prin existenţa unui grup Pişcolt la niveul epocii bronzului fapt care, potrivit autoarei, ar putea crea confuzie. (Virag, Cristian)\nPentru teritoriul României, acest grup a fost cuprins în Complexul Cluj - Cheile Turzii - Lumea Nouă - Iclod (CCTLNI) şi a fost definit ca o civilizaţie a neoliticului dezvoltat, format din grupe cu aspecte culturale înrudite. Grupul Pişcolt se încadrează cronologic la nivel Vinca A2/ A3 - .B, contemporan cu grupele Cluj - Cheile Turzii - Lumea Nouă (Maxim 1999, p. 69; Lazarovici - Nemeti 1983, p. 23).\nInclus de Ursulescu (IR, II, p 124) în Neo-eneoliticul timpuriu\nCristian Virag îl include în Neolitic dezvoltat\nAttila Nándor Hágó  il include în Neolitic mijlociu.\nPainted pottery culture: Grupul Szatmar, cultura ceramicii liniare a Alfold-ului AVK în Ungaria, cultura ceramicii liniare est-slovace, gupul Kopkany și Kopusany în Slovacia, grupul Diakovo în Ucraina.\n", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/P764UFW6/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/NTWGUZFE/item-list .https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/W36V9PB7/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/GXQC7Z6A/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/JJGKIWP8/item-list."}, "p06vx8jz4m6": {"id": "p06vx8jz4m6", "type": "Period", "label": "Cultura ceramicii pictate, Faza III", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Painted Cermamics Culture, Phase III"], "ro": ["Ciumești/Pișcolt", "Cultura ceramicii pictate, Faza III"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jf23v", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crișana, Bazinul Someșului, nord-estul câmpiei Tisei, vestul Maramureșului", "start": {"label": "5000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-4999"}}, "stop": {"label": "4800 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-4799"}}, "note": "Ursulescu, N. 2001 (1), p.126-127, 132; VIRAG, C., 2004; Hágó, Attila Nándor; Băcueț-Crișan, S.; Mantu, C.M., 2000, p. 83, 101.În urma a numeroase noi descoperiri, cultura Ciumeşti a fost redefinită de către Gh. Lazarovici drept grupul Pişcolt, deoarece cele mai reprezentative şi mai numeroase materiale au fost descoperite la Pişcolt şi nu la Ciumeşti (Lazarovici - Nemeti 1983, p. 36). Doina Ignat a propus denumirea de grupul Sântandrei -Oradea - Săcuieni - Vărzari, argumentându-şi propunerea prin existenţa unui grup Pişcolt la niveul epocii bronzului fapt care, potrivit autoarei, ar putea crea confuzie. (Virag, Cristian)\nPentru teritoriul României, acest grup a fost cuprins în Complexul Cluj - Cheile Turzii - Lumea Nouă - Iclod (CCTLNI) şi a fost definit ca o civilizaţie a neoliticului dezvoltat, format din grupe cu aspecte culturale înrudite. Grupul Pişcolt se încadrează cronologic la nivel Vinca A2/ A3 - .B, contemporan cu grupele Cluj - Cheile Turzii - Lumea Nouă (Maxim 1999, p. 69; Lazarovici - Nemeti 1983, p. 23).\nInclus de Ursulescu (IR, II, p 124) în Neo-eneoliticul timpuriu\nCristian Virag îl include în Neolitic dezvoltat\nAttila Nándor Hágó il include în Neolitic mijlociu.\nPainted pottery culture: Grupul Szatmar, cultura ceramicii liniare a Alfold-ului AVK în Ungaria, cultura ceramicii liniare est-slovace, gupul Kopkany și Kopusany în Slovacia, grupul Diakovo în Ucraina.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/P764UFW6/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/NTWGUZFE/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/W36V9PB7/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/GXQC7Z6A/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/JJGKIWP8/item-list."}, "p06vx8j7zqm": {"id": "p06vx8j7zqm", "type": "Period", "label": "Ceramica liniara timpurie", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Linear Pottery"], "ro": ["Ceramica liniara timpurie"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jf23v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188661", "label": "Neamț County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Estul Transilvaniei, Moldova", "start": {"label": "5500 a. 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", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/E26KF7DZ/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/TKFRMG3E/item-list."}, "p06vx8jw8kg": {"id": "p06vx8jw8kg", "type": "Period", "label": "Cucuteni-Ariusd-Tripolie", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Cucuteni", "Cucuteni-Ariusd-Tripolie"], "en": ["Cucuteni-Ariusd-Tripolia", "Cucuteni"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jwkfm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188661", "label": "Neamț County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Moldova ", "start": {"label": "3700 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-3699"}}, "stop": {"label": "3000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2999"}}, "note": "Faza Culturala: Cucuteni C. Vulpe Al., 2001 (I), p.  225-228.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/PB8I9QE3/item-list"}, "p06vx8j4jgr": {"id": "p06vx8j4jgr", "type": "Period", "label": "Coțofeni", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Coțofeni"], "ro": ["Coțofeni"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06vx8j6r99"], "broader": "p06vx8jwkfm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Banat, Transilvania, Oltenia, Vestul Munteniei", "start": {"label": "3700 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-3699"}}, "stop": {"label": "2700 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2699"}}, "note": "Faza Culturala: are trei faze. Bloc Cultural: Blocul cultural Baden-Coțofeni. Vulpe, Al. 2001 (1), p. 227-232; Vulpe Al. 2020, p. 65-68; Ciugudea, H., 2000, p. 15; Pătroi.C, 2019, p. 11-14; Motzoi-Chicideanu, I., 2011, p. 55-56. Sunt multe păreri contrare în ceea ce privește încadrarea culturii Coțofeni într-o epocă preistorică sau alta. Pentru Alexandru Vulpe cultura Coțofeni a reprezentat începutul epocii bronzului în spațiul carpato-danubian (Vulpe Al. 2001, Vulpe Al., 2020, p. 65-72), teoria acestuia fiind împărtășită ulterior și de alții. O altă teorie adoptată de arheologii români este aceea că primele două faze ale culturii Coțofeni aparțin eneoliticului iar ultima fază reprezintă începutul epocii bronzului, trecere determinată de contactele dintre comunitățile Coțofeni și cele aparținând culturilor Glina și Yamnaia. Alte păreri definesc intervalul cronologic în care sunt situate comunitățile Coțofeni drept „perioada de tranziție de la eneolitic la epoca bronzului” (Tuțulescu I. 2016, p.139-141). În fine, alte teorii plasează comunitățile Coțofeni în eneoliticul târziu sau neo-eneolitic (Ciugudean H., 2000, p. 15; Pătroi N, 2019 p. 11). ", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/PB8I9QE3/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/3TNRDDPL/item-list.  https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/T3NN55J6/item-list.  https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/DINQHS8A/item-list."}, "p06vx8j4sgk": {"id": "p06vx8j4sgk", "type": "Period", "label": "Baden", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Baden"], "ro": ["Baden"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jwkfm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Campia Tisei, Crisana, nord-vestul Banatului", "start": {"label": "3700 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-3699"}}, "stop": {"label": "3000 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-2999"}}, "note": "Bloc Cultural: Baden-Coțofeni. Vulpe, Al. 2001 (2),  p. 227-231.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/PB8I9QE3/item-list"}, "p06vx8jdtqp": {"id": "p06vx8jdtqp", "type": "Period", "label": "Cultura Amforelor Sferice", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Cultura Amforelor Globulare", "Cultura Amforelor Sferice"], "en": ["Spherical Amphorae Culture", "Globular Amphora Culture"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06vx8j6r99"], "broader": "p06vx8jwkfm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188661", "label": "Neamț County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q178861", "label": "Botoșani County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nordul și Centrul Moldovei, concentrare mai mare în zona Câmpiei Siretului", "start": {"label": "3500 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-3499"}}, "stop": {"label": "2400 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2399"}}, "note": "Mihăilescu-Bîrliba, V.,Szmyt,  M., 2003, p. 82-112; Motzoi-Chicideanu I. 2011 p. 213-219. Cultura Amforelor Globulare ocupa un vas spațiu care se întindea din din Schleswig-Hollstein, cuprinzând zona de litoral a Mării Baltice din Brandenburg, de acolo în Mecklenburg, Vorpommern  și regiunea Elba mijlocie-Saale, apoi în cea mai mare parte a Poloniei inclusiv, din nou, litoralul baltic, pentru a pătrunde   apoi dinspre Podolia și Volynia către est până  la cursul mijlociu al Niprului. Urmele acestei culturi sunt datate între 3500 a. Chr și 2400 a. Chr. (I Motzoi-Chicideanu). Arheologii români au identificat un subgrup din cadrul acestei culturi în Câmpia Moldovei (V. Mihăilescu-Bîrliba, M. Smyzt 2003).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/5FRQBF5D/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/DINQHS8A/item-list."}, "p06vx8j54bp": {"id": "p06vx8j54bp", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca antică", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Antiquity"], "ro": ["Epoca antică"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188505", "label": "Constanța County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191078", "label": "Tulcea County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Coasta de Vest a Mării Negre (Dobrogea)", "start": {"label": "650 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "stop": {"label": "620 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0620"}}, "note": "Pana la cucerirea romana a Daciei doar Dobrogea o consideram ca fiind inclusa in epoca antica cand teritoriile nord-dunarene se afla in plina epoca a fierului."}, "p06vx8jj5dz": {"id": "p06vx8jj5dz", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca migratiilor", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Perioada de trecere la Evul Mediu", "Epoca migratiilor"], "en": ["Migration Period", "Transition to the Middle Ages"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "275 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0275"}}, "stop": {"label": "secVI/620/650 p.Chr", "in": {"earliestYear": "0500", "latestYear": "0650"}}}, "p06vx8jrgjt": {"id": "p06vx8jrgjt", "type": "Period", "label": "Evul Mediu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Ages"], "ro": ["Evul Mediu"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "sec VI-VII", "in": {"earliestYear": "0500", "latestYear": "0699"}}, "stop": {"label": "secXVI/1600 p. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1500", "latestYear": "1600"}}}, "p06vx8jnhts": {"id": "p06vx8jnhts", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca moderna timpurie", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Modern Period"], "ro": ["Epoca moderna timpurie"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "secXVI/1600 p. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "1500", "latestYear": "1600"}}, "stop": {"label": "1821", "in": {"year": "1821"}}}, "p06vx8jh6ms": {"id": "p06vx8jh6ms", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca moderna", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Modern Period"], "ro": ["Epoca moderna"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"in": {"year": "1821"}, "label": "1821"}, "stop": {"label": "1919", "in": {"year": "1919"}}}, "p06vx8j9txs": {"id": "p06vx8j9txs", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca contemporana", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Contemporary Period"], "ro": ["Epoca contemporana"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"in": {"year": "1919"}, "label": "1919"}, "stop": {"label": "present", "in": {"year": "2024"}}}, "p06vx8jq347": {"id": "p06vx8jq347", "type": "Period", "label": "Dridu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dridu"], "ro": ["Dridu"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jrgjt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "700 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0700"}}, "stop": {"label": "1050 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "1050"}}, "note": "Madgearu, Al., 1997. Conform cu Tratatul de Istorie a Românilor, vol. III, Şt. Olteanu, R. Popa, M. Rusu, p. 97-102 cultura Dridu are faza principala intre secolele IX-XI si o rima faza de formare intre secolele VII-IX.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/N9BN779N/item-list."}, "p06vx8j8wsw": {"id": "p06vx8j8wsw", "type": "Period", "label": "voievodatul Transilvaniei", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Voivodeship of Transylvania"], "ro": ["voievodatul Transilvaniei"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jrgjt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transilvania", "start": {"label": "1111 p. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "1111"}}, "stop": {"label": "1541 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "1541"}}}, "p06vx8jnbbc": {"id": "p06vx8jnbbc", "type": "Period", "label": "Țara românească ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["The Romanian Land", "Wallachia"], "ro": ["Țara românească "]}, "broader": "p06vx8jrgjt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19660", "label": "Bucharest"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": " Muntenia and Oltenia", "start": {"in": {"year": "1310"}, "label": "1310"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1859"}, "label": "1859"}}, "p06vx8jnt47": {"id": "p06vx8jnt47", "type": "Period", "label": "Dobrogea", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Dobrogea in the Middle Ages", "Despotate of Dobrogea"], "ro": ["Dobrogea"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jrgjt", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191078", "label": "Tulcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188505", "label": "Constanța County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Dobrogea", "start": {"in": {"year": "1346"}, "label": "1346"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1388"}, "label": "1388"}}, "p06vx8j75hv": {"id": "p06vx8j75hv", "type": "Period", "label": "Moldova", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Moldova in the Middle Ages", "Principality of Moldovia"], "ro": [" Țara Moldovei", "Moldova"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jnt47", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188661", "label": "Neamț County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217", "label": "Moldova"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19660", "label": "Bucharest"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Muntenia, Oltenia, Transilvania, Moldova", "start": {"in": {"year": "1352"}, "label": "1352"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1859"}, "label": "1859"}}, "p06vx8jvgbq": {"id": "p06vx8jvgbq", "type": "Period", "label": "principatul Transilvaniei", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Principality of Transylvania"], "ro": ["principatul Transilvaniei"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jnhts", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transilvania", "start": {"in": {"year": "1541"}, "label": "1541"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "1821"}, "label": "1821"}}, "p06vx8j5vf2": {"id": "p06vx8j5vf2", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca greaca arhaica", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Archaic Greek Period"], "ro": ["Epoca greaca arhaica"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j54bp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188505", "label": "Constanța County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191078", "label": "Tulcea County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Coasta de Vest a Mării Negre (Dobrogea)", "start": {"label": "650 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-0649"}}, "stop": {"label": "480 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0479"}}, "note": "Avram, A. 2001, p. 538; Avram, A. 2010, p. 563; Iliescu, V. 1970, p. 91; Lungu, V. 2019, p. 123; Alexandrescu 1962, p. 69.(se suprapune in linii mari cu Hallstatt tarziu)                                                                                                                                                       În preajma momentului fondării Histriei, pe cea mai mare parte a teritoriului dobrogean înflorea civilizația Babadag (Alexandrescu, P. 1971, p. 44-45). În aceeași linie de idei, Alexandru Avram: În ajunul colonizării greceşti Dobrogea era locuită de purtătorii unei civilizaţii tipice pentru Hallstatt C şi definite, după aşezarea eponimă, drept cultura Babadag (faza a III-a) (Avram, A. 2010, p. 563). În urmă cu mai mult timp, Alexandru Avram vedea o relație directă între finalul culturii Babadag III și stabilirea primelor apoikia grecești în această regiune (Avram, A. 1991, p. 19-30, citat în Smaranda Andrews, 2010, p. 32). În 2010, același autor susține opusul („Cert este că dispariţia aşezărilor de tip Babadag nu are nimic a face cu fenomenul colonizării greceşti.” Avram, A. 2010, p. 565). Pe de altă parte, Petre Alexandrescu presupune că dizolvarea culturilor Babadag și Basarabi, pe parcursul secolului al VII-lea a. Chr., a fost determinată sub presiunea sciților veniți din stepele nord-pontice și din Nordul Caucazului (Alexandrescu, P. 1971, p. 45).\nSe presupune că cel puţin de pe la sfârşitul secolului al VIII-lea, unii navigatori greci s-au aventurat în Marea Neagră, având loc astfel contacte precoloniale ale grecilor în Pont (Alexandrescu 1999, p. 1 și passim; Avram 2010, p. 562).Cu toate acestea, dincolo de chestiunea de a şti dacă grecii au frecventat sau nu Marea Neagră încă de pe la sfârşitul secolului al VIII-lea - în funcţie de creditul acordat, fie surselor literare, fie evidenţei arheologice - este cert că fondarea primelor aşezări durabile nu a avut loc decât începând de pe la mijlocul secolului al VII-iea (Avram 2010, p. 562).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/5G7KVADS/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/THIWQRBI/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/LXIMS4AQ/item-list.  https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/MG9Y2SHX/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XVUS7DRR/item-list. "}, "p06vx8j92k5": {"id": "p06vx8j92k5", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca greaca clasica", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical Greek Period"], "ro": ["Epoca greaca clasica"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j54bp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188505", "label": "Constanța County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191078", "label": "Tulcea County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Coasta de Vest a Mării Negre (Dobrogea)", "start": {"label": "480 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0479"}}, "stop": {"label": "323 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0322"}}, "note": "Epoca greaca clasica (se suprapune in linii mari cu inceputurile Latene)."}, "p06vx8jm2hj": {"id": "p06vx8jm2hj", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca elenistică", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Hellenistic Period"], "ro": ["Epoca elenistică"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j54bp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191078", "label": "Tulcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188505", "label": "Constanța County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Coasta de Vest a Mării Negre (Dobrogea)", "start": {"label": "323 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0322"}}, "stop": {"label": "28 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-0027"}}, "note": "Ștefan, A. 1971, p. 29-44; Aricescu, A. 1977, p. 24; Nawotka, K. D,  1991, p. 79; Vulpe, Al. 2001, p. 645; Rădulescu, A. 2001, p. 657. În studiul său din 1971, Alexandru Suceveanu tratează subiectul general al anexării Dobrogei de către Romani (Suceveanu, A. 1971, p. 113). Mai târziu, în volumul din 1977 (Viața economică în Dobrogea Romană), Suceveanu discută separat problematica includerii în sfera de influență romană a fiecărui oraș grecesc vest-pontic în parte, considerând că după campania lui Lucullus (72 a. Chr.), orașele grecești din Dobrogea sunt anexate ca stipendiariae. Deși este de acord că după campania lui M. Licinius Crassus din anii 29-28 a. Chr. cetățile grecești intră într-o dependență definitivă față de imperiu, autorul consideră că scrisorile guvernatorilor dintre anii 46-68 p. Chr. sunt o dovadă a faptului că în această perioadă orașele grecești încă nu beneficiau de un foedus. Dupa Lambrino 1933, 287; Petre, A. 1971, p. 98 finalul epocii elenistice este dat de campania lui Lucullus din 72-71 a.Chr in urma careia cetatile grecesti de pe malul de vest al Pontului Euxin intra in subordinea Romei. Ștefan, A. 1971, p. 29-44 a fost combătută de Avram 1998. Rădulescu, A. 2010, p. 689; Avram, A. 1998, p. 115-129; Avram, A. 2001, p. 616; Avram, A. 2010, p. 642-644; Ruscu, L. 2013, p. 12 considera epoca elenistica se considera ca se incheie in 3/2 a.Chr. D", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/23TBTAGQ/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/J6GJER6M/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/65Z2J7AX/item-list.  https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/9EXKZ9QN/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/K47BBL6W/item-list. "}, "p06vx8jw8dz": {"id": "p06vx8jw8dz", "type": "Period", "label": "Epoca Romană", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Roman Period"], "ro": ["Epoca Romană"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j54bp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "46 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0046"}}, "stop": {"label": "620 p. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "0620"}}, "note": "Provinciile romane Moesia, Moesia Inferior si Scythia."}, "p06vx8jt6n4": {"id": "p06vx8jt6n4", "type": "Period", "label": "Chilia Militari", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Chilia Militari"], "ro": ["Chilia Militari"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jw8dz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19660", "label": "Bucharest"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Muntenia centrala si de vest", "start": {"label": "118 p. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "0118"}}, "stop": {"label": "275 p. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "0275"}}, "note": "Bichir, Gh., 1974, p. 28-29; Ionita, I 2001, p. 404-422; Zahariade, M., Lichiardopol, D., 2006, p. 1; Macrea, M., 1968, p. 192. Data de început bazată pe descoperirea ultimelor monede de la Drajna și Mălăiești. Intervalul cand romanii s--au retras din castrele de la Targsor, Drajna și Mălăiești este in intervalul 117-119. Data de final este considerata a doua jumatate a secoluli al III-lea p.Chr. Am considerat necesara sa impingem aceasta data inspre finalul acestui secol daca nu chiar post 320 p.Chr. deoarece extinderea purtatorilor culturii Santana de Mures-Cerneahov  In Muntenia trebuie sa se fi produs dupa extinderea acestei culturi in Moldova.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/4J9EVX4Q/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/CLSF2DTQ/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/TA2NTVTX/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/VEZDPYVY/item-list."}, "p06vx8j4w5p": {"id": "p06vx8j4w5p", "type": "Period", "label": "Poienesti-Vartescoi", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Poienesti-Vartescoi"], "ro": ["Poienesti-Vartescoi"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jw8dz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Moldova Centrală", "start": {"label": "106 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "stop": {"label": "320 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0320"}}, "note": "Bichir, Gh. 1974, p. 26; Ioniță, I., 1982, p. 14. Dupa Gh Bichir aceasta este data de început pentru Moldova Centrală. Arheologic se constată că în timpul celui de-al doilea război dacic (105—106), aşezările La Tène din Moldova au fost distruse (Bîtca Doamnei, Piatra Şoimului (Calu). Răcătău, Brad, Poiana-Dulceşti (La Broşteanu) etc.). Aşezarea din punctul \"Broşteanu\" încetează în pragul sec. al II-lea (anii 105—106), iar primul nivel de locuire al aşezărilor de pe Silişte şi Varniţa, datat cu monede de bronz şi argint de la Traian (AR, anii 112—117). După 319 are loc o conviețuire între carpi și goți); Dupa Sanie, S., 1981, p. 19 inceputul acestei culturi este pe la 170 p.Chr. in Moldova de nord, după invazia costobocilor. In Bichir, Gh., 1973, p. 154. se considera ca gotii se aseaza in Moldova dupa 319 p.Chr.. Dupa Ignat, M. 1999, p. 136 anul de final este plasat prin 315 p.Chr.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/4J9EVX4Q/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/QDTWT4X8/item-list. "}, "p06vx8jspwk": {"id": "p06vx8jspwk", "type": "Period", "label": "Santana de Mureș - Cerneahov", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Santana de Mureș - Cerneahov"], "ro": ["Santana de Mureș - Cerneahov"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jj5dz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19660", "label": "Bucharest"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188661", "label": "Neamț County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q212", "label": "Ukraine"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transilvania, Muntenia, Moldova, Ucraina de nord si centrala", "start": {"label": "300 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0300"}}, "stop": {"label": "425 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0425"}}, "note": "Bichir, Gh., 1973, p. 154; Kazanski 1991, 11; Palade 1992, 206; Mitrea 2005, 138; Constantinescu 2007, 59;  Harhoiu 2008, 66;  Ioniță I. 2010, 484, 809; Stanciu I. 2010, 822-823; Kazanski 2015, 111-124; Lazarescu, V.A., Ciuperca, B., Anton, A.  2015, p. 223-227. Anul 300 pentru inceperea acestei culturi reprezinta o medie intre cei care pun inceputurile acesteia in a doua jumatate a secolului al III-lea si cei care sustin ca data de inceput prima jumatate a secolului al IV-lea.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/WBF3Y4BP/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/4NS32P3A/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/M9URIB4K/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/U6V94YK5/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/GEHNTXND/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/FCAUEWT4/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/AYSAAWSJ/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/WK4R6IX9/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/IA7RJFHY/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/VXZIXTFN/item-list. "}, "p06vx8jz7v2": {"id": "p06vx8jz7v2", "type": "Period", "label": "Ipotesti-Candesti-Ciurel", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Ipotesti-Candesti-Ciurel"], "ro": ["Ipotesti-Candesti-Ciurel"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jj5dz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19660", "label": "Bucharest"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Muntenia", "start": {"label": "425-454 p. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0425", "latestYear": "0454"}}, "stop": {"label": "620/650 p. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0620", "latestYear": "0650"}}, "note": "Teodor, D.,Gh., p. 639-662. Inceputurile acestei culturi ar fi dupa după 454 (Mitrea 2005- Carpica XXXIV)."}, "p06vx8jvvwb": {"id": "p06vx8jvvwb", "type": "Period", "label": "Costisa-Botosana", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Costisa-Botosana"], "ro": ["Costisa-Botosana"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jj5dz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188661", "label": "Neamț County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Moldova", "start": {"label": "425 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0425"}}, "stop": {"label": "620/650 p. Chr", "in": {"earliestYear": "0620", "latestYear": "0650"}}, "note": "Teodor, D.,Gh., p. 639-662."}, "p06vx8jkv7w": {"id": "p06vx8jkv7w", "type": "Period", "label": "Bratei-Taga", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Bratei-Taga"], "ro": ["Bratei-Taga"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jj5dz", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transilvania", "start": {"label": "425 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0425"}}, "stop": {"label": "620/650 p. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0620", "latestYear": "0650"}}, "note": "Teodor, D.,Gh., p. 639-662."}, "p06vx8jb4v8": {"id": "p06vx8jb4v8", "type": "Period", "label": "Lăpuș ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lăpuș "], "ro": ["Lăpuș "]}, "broader": "p06vx8j7vfg", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Maramures si nordul Transilvaniei", "start": {"label": "1300 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1299"}}, "stop": {"label": "1050 a. 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Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2699"}}, "stop": {"label": "2400 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2399"}}, "note": "Vulpe, Al. 2001 (1), p. 235-236. Pentru zona Banatului (Valea inferioară a Mureșului) Gogâltan 2015 datează elemente Glina între 2700 și 2500 a. Chr. (Gogâltan 2015, p. 63).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/PB8I9QE3/item-list."}, "p06vx8jcxfv": {"id": "p06vx8jcxfv", "type": "Period", "label": "Yamnaya", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Yamna", "Yamnaya"], "en": ["Yamna", "Yamnaya"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j6r99", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188661", "label": "Neamț County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182888", "label": "Iași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19660", "label": "Bucharest"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191078", "label": "Tulcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188505", "label": "Constanța County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Moldova, Muntenia, Dobrogea, Banat, Crișana, Câmpia de Vest, Depresiunea Transilvaniei", "start": {"label": "3400 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-3399"}}, "stop": {"label": "2500 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2499"}}, "note": "Gogâltan, F., 2015, p. 63; Frânculeasa, A., 2019, p. 129-168. Pentru spațiul cuprins între Banat, bazinul inferior al Mureșului, Crișana și valea Someșului Mic, Gogâltan datează structuri Yamna între 2800 - 2500 a. Chr. (Gogâltan 2015 p. 63). Cele mai timpurii urme Yamnaya datate C14 au fost descoperite la Galați (3400 cal BC)) și Baia Hamangia (3380-3010 cal BC) (A. Frânculeasa 2013, p. 43).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/TLN9Z684/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/S4BEVQQZ/item-list/ "}, "p06vx8j946d": {"id": "p06vx8j946d", "type": "Period", "label": "grupul Gornea-Foeni", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": [" Gornea-Foeni group"], "ro": ["grupul Gornea-Foeni"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jcxfv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Banat", "start": {"label": "2200 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2199"}}, "stop": {"label": "1950 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-1949"}}, "note": "Gogâltan, F., 2015, p. 63. ", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/TLN9Z684/item-list"}, "p06vx8jh85g": {"id": "p06vx8jh85g", "type": "Period", "label": "grupul Sănislău", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Sanislau group"], "ro": ["grupul Sănislău"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jcxfv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Câmpia Careilor", "start": {"label": "2900 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2899"}}, "stop": {"label": "2300 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2299"}}, "note": "Gogâltan, F., 2017, p. 32. Este datat în Bronzul Timpuriu III sau 2300 - 1950 a. Chr, conform cronologiei propuse de Florin Gogâltan (F. Gogâltan 2017, p. 32).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/P5VUKH7M/item-list"}, "p06vx8jfhmp": {"id": "p06vx8jfhmp", "type": "Period", "label": "Vučedol", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vučedol"], "ro": ["Vučedol"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j6r99", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Banat, Valea inferioară a Mureșului", "start": {"label": "2500 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2499"}}, "stop": {"label": "2300 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2299"}}, "note": "Gogâltan, F., 1999, p. 71-72. ", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/W3JNVVDW/item-list"}, "p06vx8j6vn2": {"id": "p06vx8j6vn2", "type": "Period", "label": "grupul Orlea-Gornești", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": [" Orlea-Gornești group"], "ro": ["grupul Orlea-Gornești"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jfhmp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Banat, Valea inferioară a Mureșului", "start": {"label": "2300 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2299"}}, "stop": {"label": "2150 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2149"}}, "note": "Gogâltan, F., 1999, p. 72-73. ", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/W3JNVVDW/item-list. "}, "p06vx8j9f5f": {"id": "p06vx8j9f5f", "type": "Period", "label": "Costisa", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Costisa"], "ro": ["Costisa"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j6r99", "spatialCoverageDescription": "bazinul Bistritei si pe Versantul de vest al Carpatilor Rasariteni", "start": {"label": "1900 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1899"}}, "stop": {"label": "1600 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1599"}}, "note": "Vulpe, Al. 2001 (2), p. 254-255; Cavruc, V., Dumitroaia, Gh.,  2001; Bolohan N., 2010, p. 229-244; Bolohan, N.,  2013, p. 33 - 56. Alexandru Vulpe data cultura Costișa la începutul primei jumătăți a bronzului mijlociu, într-un inderval de timp corespunzător fazelor IC4- IC3 și IC2- I a ale culturii Monteoru. Acesta considera că așa zisa cultură Costișa s-a format în Podolia și zona subcarpatică pe baza variantelor locale ale ceramicii șnurate, descoperirile din Moldova fiind considerate mai timpurii decât fazele I și II ale culturii Komarov la momentul respectiv. (p.21) ; Reprezintă faza a doua a culturii Komarova, dar care prezintă două aspecte. ( Cavruc, Dumitoaia 2002, p.5).   Datările radiocarbon din așezarea aparținând culturii Costișa de la Siliștea - Pe Cetățuie (județul Neamț) datează din perioada 1937 - 1785 a. Chr și 1689-1631 a. Chr. (N. Bolohan 2013, p. 37). ", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/QI67HV9S/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/FGIT8TB7/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/L7V98KEL/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/AFGGJGHS/item-list"}, "p06vx8jv8vm": {"id": "p06vx8jv8vm", "type": "Period", "label": "Wietenberg ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Wietenberg"], "ro": ["Wietenberg "]}, "broader": "p06vx8j6r99", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190702", "label": "Harghita County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transilvania", "start": {"label": "2000 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1999"}}, "stop": {"label": "1500 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-1499"}}, "note": "Vulpe, Al. 2001 (2), p. 255-258. Studiul lui Gabriel Bălan, Collin Quinn și Gregory Hodgins propune  o periodizare a culturii Wietenberg în trei faze distincte bazate pe formele și ornamentele ceramice: timpurie, clasică și târzie. ornamentele ceramice: timpurie, clasică și târzie. Faza timpurie se clasifică  printr-o ceramică cu tradiții în bronzul timpuriu final  și este similară fazelor I-II potrivit periodizării lui N. Chidioșan și fazelor A1-2 definite de N. Borofka.  Conform datelor C14, această fază poate fi datată în invervalul secolelor XX-XVIII a. Chr. Faza clasică prezintă noi forme și ornamente ceramice, evidențiate în ultimele două niveluri din așezarea de la Derșida. Vase bogat ornamentate, care au stat la baza definirii culturii. Similară fazelor III Chidioșan și B-C Boroffka și poate fi datată în intervalul secolelor XVIII- XVI a. Chr conform datelor C14. Faza târzie prezintă forme și ornamente ceramice diferite de cele din faza clasică. Faza de locuire este restrânsă în jumătatea de vest a spațiului locuit anterior, fapt ce poate fi pus în legătură cu apariția culturii Noua. Este similară fazelor IV Chidioșan și D Boroffka. Conform datelor C14 perioada este cuprinsă între secolele XVI și XV a. Chr. In Ciugudean, H., Quinn, C., 2015, p. 147-178 si Palincaș, N., et all 2019, p. 38-51 este realizata o impartire in patru faze; N. Palincaș propune incheierea fazei a IV-a din Cultura Wietenberg dupa 1400 a.Chr. Dupa Gogâltan, F.,  2009, p. 45-70 este datata faza a patra a culturii Wietenberg in secolul XIII a.Chr. In Gogâltan, F., 1999, p. 73-78. ", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/PB8I9QE3/item-list. ", "narrower": ["p06vx8jvvmx", "p06vx8j3zpf", "p06vx8jhkf6"]}, "p06vx8jvvmx": {"id": "p06vx8jvvmx", "type": "Period", "label": "Wietenberg faza timpurie ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Wietenberg phase"], "ro": ["Wietenberg faza timpurie "]}, "broader": "p06vx8jv8vm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Centrul Transilvaniei - bazinul carpatic", "start": {"label": "2000 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-1999"}}, "stop": {"label": "1800 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-1799"}}, "note": "Bălan, G., Quinn, C.,  Hodgins G., 2016, p. 67-92.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/KJPCDE6Y/item-list."}, "p06vx8j3zpf": {"id": "p06vx8j3zpf", "type": "Period", "label": "Wietenberg faza clasică", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical Wietenberg phase"], "ro": ["Wietenberg faza clasică"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jv8vm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Centrul Transilvaniei - bazinul carpatic", "start": {"label": "1800 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1799"}}, "stop": {"label": "1600 a. Chr", "in": {"year": "-1599"}}, "note": "Bălan, G., Quinn, C.,  Hodgins G., 2016, p. 67-92.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/KJPCDE6Y/item-list"}, "p06vx8jhkf6": {"id": "p06vx8jhkf6", "type": "Period", "label": "Wietenberg faza târzie", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Wietenberg phase"], "ro": ["Wietenberg faza târzie"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jv8vm", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Zona de ocupație se restrânge la Mureșul Mijlociu, Someșul Cald și Someșul Rece.", "start": {"label": "1600 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1599"}}, "stop": {"label": "1500 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1499"}}, "note": "Bălan, G., Quinn, C.,  Hodgins G., 2016, p. 67-92.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/KJPCDE6Y/item-list"}, "p06vx8j7h3w": {"id": "p06vx8j7h3w", "type": "Period", "label": "Otomani", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otomani "], "ro": ["Otomani"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06vx8j3drv"], "broader": "p06vx8j6r99", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crisana, Maramures", "start": {"label": "1700 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1699"}}, "stop": {"label": "1250 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1249"}}, "note": "Vulpe, Al. 2001, p. 249-250, 258-260; Gankarski, J., Mykenami, M., 2002; Fazecaș, G., 1999, p. 51-65. Cultura Otomani- Fuzesabony a  apărut în zona bazinului Tisei, extinzându-se spre vestul României, Slovacia de est, nord-estul Ungariei, Ucraina Transcarpatică și sud-estul Poloniei (Gankarski 2002, p. 8).  Pe teritoriul României: nordul Crișanei, bazinul inferior al Someșului, Câmpia de Vest. Întregul areal cultural este încadrat între 2150 a. Chr și 1250 a. Chr.. Maria Gimbutas încadrează faza timpurie a culturii Otomani la începutul mileniului II î.Chr, faza clasică între 1550- 1400 î.CHr, și faza finală până la 1100 î.Chr. (Gimbutas 1965; Fazecaș 1999, p. 53). Dumitru Berciu (1965) împărțea cultura Otomani în patru faze. (Fazecaș 1999). Ordenlitch revine asupra acestei probleme și împarte prima fază în două subfaze: Ia, încadrată în Br A1 și Ib în Br A2, menținând pentru  celelalte încadrarea propusă anterior. (Ordenlitch 1973, 15, Fazecaș 1999). T. Bader pornește de la cronologia  lui Ordenlitch și propune împărțirea în patru etape menținând limitele Br A-D (Bader 1978, 61; Fazecaș 1999).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/QI67HV9S/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/66F2S8HM/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/7U7GWTXZ/item-list"}, "p06vx8jrqpt": {"id": "p06vx8jrqpt", "type": "Period", "label": "Otomani A", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otomani  A"], "ro": ["Otomani A"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j7h3w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crisana, Maramures", "start": {"label": "1700 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1699"}}, "stop": {"label": "1550 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1549"}}, "note": "Gankarski, J., Mykenami, M., 2002; Fazecaș, G., 1999, p. 51-65. Br. A2 Central European (Reinecke).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/66F2S8HM/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/7U7GWTXZ/item-list."}, "p06vx8jwtxk": {"id": "p06vx8jwtxk", "type": "Period", "label": "Periam-Pecica", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["cultura Mures", "Periam-Pecica"], "en": ["Mures Culture", "Periam-Pecica"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j6r99", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Valea inferioara a Muresului", "start": {"label": "2200 a. Chr.  ", "in": {"year": "-2199"}}, "stop": {"label": "1700 a. Chr.  ", "in": {"year": "-1699"}}, "note": "Vulpe, Al. 2001 (2), p. 261-265; Vulpe, Al., 2010, p. 257; Nicodemus,  O`Shea, J.,  2015, p. 691-702. Datări C14 din cimitirul Mokrin, din Banatul sârbesc, sugerează un interval de timp între 2200 și 1700 a. Chr.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/QI67HV9S/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/4NHBSHAG/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/HEVH23MH/item-list. "}, "p06vx8jkgt4": {"id": "p06vx8jkgt4", "type": "Period", "label": "Vatina", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Vatina"], "ro": ["Vatina"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06vx8j3drv"], "broader": "p06vx8j6r99", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Banat", "start": {"label": "1900 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1899"}}, "stop": {"label": "1500 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1499"}}, "note": "Ljustina, M., Dmitrovic, K., 2015, p. 37-47;Gogâltan, F., 1999, p. 78-79. Cultura Vatin s-a întins din sudul Câmpiei Panonice până în nord-vestul Peninsulei Balcanice, în Banatul sârbesc și Banatul românesc. Cronologia generală pentru întreg arealul cultural este cuprinsă între 2000 și 1500 a. Chr.; Dupa Ljustina, M., Dmitrovic, K., 2015, p. 37-47aceasta cultura avea 3 faze, dupa Gogâltan, F., 1999, p. 78-79 exista doua faze.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/97FL5T5W/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/TLN9Z684/item-list."}, "p06vx8jkdw6": {"id": "p06vx8jkdw6", "type": "Period", "label": "Vatina faza timpurie", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Vatina phase"], "ro": ["Vatina faza timpurie"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jkgt4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Banat", "start": {"label": "1900 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1899"}}, "stop": {"label": "1650 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1649"}}, "note": "Ljustina, M., Dmitrovic, K., 2015, p. 37-47;Gogâltan, F., 1999, p. 78-79. Bronz A2 central European, Helladicul târziu (mormintele cu puț).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/TLN9Z684/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/97FL5T5W/item-list."}, "p06vx8jm2dn": {"id": "p06vx8jm2dn", "type": "Period", "label": "Vatina faza clasică", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Classical Vatina phase"], "ro": ["Vatina faza clasică"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jkgt4", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Banat", "start": {"label": "1650 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1649"}}, "stop": {"label": "1500 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1499"}}, "note": "Gogâltan, F., 1999, p. 78-79. O parte din A3 central european și Bronz B1 european.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/W3JNVVDW/item-list."}, "p06vx8jd775": {"id": "p06vx8jd775", "type": "Period", "label": "Verbicioara", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Verbicioara"], "ro": ["Verbicioara"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j6r99", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188945", "label": "Olt County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Oltenia ", "start": {"label": "1900 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-1899"}}, "stop": {"label": "1500 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-1499"}}, "note": "3-5 faze. Vulpe, Al. 2001 (2), p. 265-267; Vulpe, Al., 2010, p. 261. B. Hansel contestă existența fazelor IV și V ale culturii Verbicioara pe care le include în grupul Govora, atestat mai ales în nordul și estul Olteniei.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/QI67HV9S/item-list"}, "p06vx8jnzfw": {"id": "p06vx8jnzfw", "type": "Period", "label": "Tei", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Tei"], "ro": ["Tei"]}, "derivedFrom": ["p06vx8j3drv"], "broader": "p06vx8j6r99", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179567", "label": "Argeș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188797", "label": "Dâmbovița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191653", "label": "Teleorman County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193055", "label": "Giurgiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191670", "label": "Ilfov County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19660", "label": "Bucharest"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188665", "label": "Prahova County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188959", "label": "Covasna County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182614", "label": "Brașov County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Muntenia  si sud-estul Transilvaniei", "start": {"label": "2200 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2199"}}, "stop": {"label": "1500 a.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1499"}}, "note": "primele 3 faze. Vulpe, Al. 2001 (2),, p. 267-269; Laszlo, A. 2001, p. 300. Fazele IV și V prezintă multe discrepanțe față de cele precedente, precum și strânse asemănări cu grupul Govora din Oltenia, încât cercetătoarea Nona Palincaș a propus denumirea grupului cultural Govora-Fundeni, care evoluează în Bronzul târziu sub forma unei sinteze sub ceramica de tradiția Verbicioara și Tei. (N. Palincaș 1996, p. 239-295). Dupa A. Laszlo (Laszlo, A. 2001, p. 300) faza a cincea a culturii Tei se prelungeste pana pe la 1100 a.Chr.. Dupa Gavrilă, E., 2013, p. 153-168; Leahu, V., 2003, p. 42-43, 202-208 cultura Tei ar fi situata intre 2000/1900 a.Chr. si 1520/1410 a.Chr. iar aria de raspandire este sud-estul României și Bulgaria între Stara Planina (sud) și Carpații Meridionali în nord, bazinul superior al Ialomiței și Mostiștea în est și râul Vedea în Vest. Descoperiri și în sud-estul Transilvaniei.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/QI67HV9S/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/BILZVTPF/item-list."}, "p06vx8jpgr6": {"id": "p06vx8jpgr6", "type": "Period", "label": "Monteoru", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Monteoru"], "ro": ["Monteoru"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j3drv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Nord-estul Munteniei, sudul Moldovei", "start": {"label": "2500 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-2499"}}, "stop": {"label": "1100 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1099"}}, "note": "Vulpe, Al. 2001 (2), p. 250-254; Motzoi-Chicideanu, I., Șandor-Chicideanu, M.,  2015, p. 9-53. 2500 a. Chr. posibil si mai devreme; data de final post 1500 a. Chr.. Ocupă un spațiul cuprins între curbura Carpaților, până spre câmpie, pentru ca în faza de maximă expansiune, să ocupe cea mai mare parte a sudului și centrului Moldovei, cu unele pătrunderi spre est, dincolo de Prut, unde intră în contact cu manifestările culturale Mnogovalikovaja. (Bolohan 2016, p. 98).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/QI67HV9S/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XB8FD7SH/item-list."}, "p06vx8jr97v": {"id": "p06vx8jr97v", "type": "Period", "label": "Gârla Mare ", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gârla Mare "], "ro": ["Gârla Mare "]}, "broader": "p06vx8j3drv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190406", "label": "Gorj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191065", "label": "Dolj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q186838", "label": "Vâlcea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191717", "label": "Mehedinți County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sudul Banatului și Oltenia", "start": {"label": "1650 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1649"}}, "stop": {"label": "1250 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1249"}}, "note": "are patru faze. Șandor-Chicideanu, M., 2003. cultura Zuto-Brdo-Gârla Mare; Ion Motzoi Chicideanu in  2009, http://www.archaeology.ro/imc_gm.pdf consideră că prima etapă a culturii Gârla Mare începe cu faza a III-a a culturii Verbicioara. El propune o cronologie intre 1900 si 1400 a.Chr. Sfârșitul este marcat de apariția grupului cultural Bistreș-Ișalnița. Verbicioara III.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/XB8FD7SH/item-list."}, "p06vx8jqg2g": {"id": "p06vx8jqg2g", "type": "Period", "label": "Suciu", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Suciu"], "ro": ["Suciu"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j3drv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Tara Lapusului, Maramuresul istoric", "start": {"label": "1600 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1599"}}, "stop": {"label": "1200 a.Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "note": "Vulpe, Al. 2001 (1), p. 224; Vulpe, Al. 2001 (2), p. 261; Petrescu-Dȋmboviţa, M. 2001 (3), p.280-281; Petrescu-Dȋmboviţa, M., 2019, p. 274. Unii cercetători o denumesc faza a treia a culturii Suciu cultura Culciu Mare. ", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/TKFRMG3E/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/QI67HV9S/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/MNRY5JP4/item-list."}, "p06vx8j94wb": {"id": "p06vx8j94wb", "type": "Period", "label": "Coslogeni", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Coslogeni"], "ro": ["Coslogeni"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j3drv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188948", "label": "Călărași County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193044", "label": "Ialomița County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188505", "label": "Constanța County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191078", "label": "Tulcea County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sud-estul Munteniei, Dobrogea", "start": {"label": "1350 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1349"}}, "stop": {"label": "1050 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1049"}}, "note": "3 faze. Sabatinovka-Noua-Coslogeni/Noua-Sabatinovka-Coslogeni sau grupul Coslogeni-Yagnilo. Petrescu-Dȋmboviţa, M. 2001 (3), p.285-286; Bojadziev, J., 1992, p. 17;Bolohan 2016, p, 160."}, "p06vx8j94zw": {"id": "p06vx8j94zw", "type": "Period", "label": "Otomani B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otomani  B"], "ro": ["Otomani B"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j7h3w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crisana, Maramures", "start": {"label": "1550 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-1549"}}, "stop": {"label": "1400 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1399"}}, "note": "Gankarski, J., Mykenami, M., 2002; Fazecaș, G., 1999, p. 51-65. Br. B Central European (Reinecke).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/66F2S8HM/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/7U7GWTXZ/item-list."}, "p06vx8j6qxc": {"id": "p06vx8j6qxc", "type": "Period", "label": "Otomani C", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Otomani  C"], "ro": ["Otomani C"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j7h3w", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Crisana, Maramures", "start": {"label": "1400 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1399"}}, "stop": {"label": "1250 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1249"}}, "note": "Gankarski, J., Mykenami, M., 2002; Fazecaș, G., 1999, p. 51-65. Br. C Central European (Reinecke).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/66F2S8HM/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/7U7GWTXZ/item-list."}, "p06vx8j4kbt": {"id": "p06vx8j4kbt", "type": "Period", "label": "Cehăluț", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Cehăluț"], "ro": ["Cehăluț"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j3drv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "între Câmpia Careiului și Colinele Tășnadului, în nord și râurile Crasna și Barcău, în sud", "start": {"label": "1300 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1299"}}, "stop": {"label": "1200 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1199"}}, "note": "grupul cultural Cehăluț-Pișcolt-Hajdúbagos. Gogâltan, F., 2009, p. 45-70; Nemeti, J., 2008, p. Este contemporan Bronzului C/D din cronologia lui Reinecke. T. Bader considera grupul cultural Cehăluț-Pișcolt faza a IV-a a culturii Otomani. Suciu de Sus II și Lăpuș I."}, "p06vx8jwx4j": {"id": "p06vx8jwx4j", "type": "Period", "label": "Gava", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Gava"], "ro": ["Gava"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j3drv", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185586", "label": "Timiș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q187925", "label": "Caraș-Severin County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188813", "label": "Maramureș County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Maramureș, Banat", "start": {"label": "1350 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-1349"}}, "stop": {"label": "1000 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-0999"}}, "note": "complexul cultural Gava-Holihrady. "}, "p06vx8j7pf6": {"id": "p06vx8j7pf6", "type": "Period", "label": "Poienesti-Lukasevka", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Poienesti-Lukasevka"], "ro": ["Poienesti-Lukasevka"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j4cxb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "200 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0199"}}, "stop": {"label": "20 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0019"}}, "note": "Babes, M. 2001, p. 522-528; Iarmulschi 2018, p. 36", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/RI9NMZSK/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/BXQXIGT3/item-list. "}, "p06vx8jwc79": {"id": "p06vx8jwc79", "type": "Period", "label": "cultura geto-dacica clasica", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["classical Geto-Dacian culture"], "ro": ["cultura geto-dacica clasica"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j4cxb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "175 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-0174"}}, "stop": {"label": "106 p. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "note": "Babes, M. 2010, p. 805-808. ", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/PV95GDXS/item-list. "}, "p06vx8j49h8": {"id": "p06vx8j49h8", "type": "Period", "label": "Lipita", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Lipita"], "ro": ["Lipita"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j4cxb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "1 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0001"}}, "stop": {"label": "200 p. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "0200"}}, "note": "Babes, M. 2010,  p. 806; Ionita, I. 2001 (2), p. 432-437. ", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/PV95GDXS/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/CLSF2DTQ/item-list."}, "p06vx8jv8ww": {"id": "p06vx8jv8ww", "type": "Period", "label": "Dacii liberi din Câmpia de Vest", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Free Dacians of the Western Plain"], "ro": ["Dacii liberi din Câmpia de Vest"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j4cxb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165459", "label": "Satu Mare County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "pe întreg teritoriul regiunilor Crişana şi Maramureş (exceptând zona montană)", "start": {"label": "106 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "stop": {"label": "375-376 p. Chr.", "in": {"earliestYear": "0375", "latestYear": "0376"}}, "note": "Santana-Arad. Babes, M.,2010, p. 806; Lazin Gh., Nemeti, I. 1972, p. 211-212; Dumitrașcu, S. 1975, p. 54-58; Dumitrașcu, S. 1981-1982; Dumitrașcu, S. 1981, p. 118-120; Dumitrașcu, S. 1977, p. 70-77; Dumitrașcu, S. 1974-1975, p. 265-266; Gindele, R. 2004; Bader, T., Gindele, R. 2014, p. 201; Comșa, M. 1988; Comșa, M. 1974, p. 66-67; Comșa, M. 1972 (1), p. 210; Comșa, M. 1972 (2). Data pentru finalul epocii este stabilită în legătură cu pătrunderea hunilor în acest areal (Comșa, M. 1974, p. 66-67).", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/PV95GDXS/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/F5KE9GWH/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/B5HZKRRM/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/KVK3NFWE/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/2A9SYDV8/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/FIIINIEC/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/7KX6SHWW/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/YB3NDR38/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/RD5V9D93/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/E2Y3Y4F6/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/HKTH8GWB/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/VUSATZZ8/item-list."}, "p06vx8jbwxj": {"id": "p06vx8jbwxj", "type": "Period", "label": "Poienesti-Vartescoi", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Poienesti-Vartescoi"], "ro": ["Poienesti-Vartescoi"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j4cxb", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179779", "label": "Bacău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q167199", "label": "Vaslui County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Moldova Centrală", "start": {"label": "106 p. Chr.", "in": {"year": "0106"}}, "stop": {"label": "320 p. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "0320"}}, "note": "Bichir, Gh. 1974, p. 26.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/4J9EVX4Q/item-list. Data de început pentru Moldova Centrală. Arheologic se constată că în timpul celui de-al doilea război dacic (105—106), aşezările La Tène din Moldova au fost distruse (Bîtca Doamnei, Piatra Şoimului (Calu). Răcătău, Brad, Poiana-Dulceşti (La Broşteanu) etc.). Aşezarea din punctul „Broşteanu\" încetează în pragul sec. al II-lea (anii 105—106), iar primul nivel de locuire al aşezărilor de pe Silişte şi Varniţa, datat cu monede de bronz şi argint de la Traian (AR, anii 112—117). După 319 are loc o conviețuire între carpi și goți). Dupa Sanie, S., 1981, p. 19, data de început în Moldova de Nord porneste după invazia costobocilor din 170 p.Chr.; Dupa Ioniță, I., 1982, p. 20, data de final a acestei culturi este inspre anul 275 dupace  se retrage administrația romană la Sud de Dunăre și nu mai avem prezență romană la Barboși."}, "p06vx8jz638": {"id": "p06vx8jz638", "type": "Period", "label": "Regatul Traciei", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Thracian Kingdom"], "ro": ["Regatul Traciei"]}, "broader": "p06vx8j54bp", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218", "label": "Romania"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Romania", "start": {"label": "28 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-0027"}}, "stop": {"label": "46 p. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "0046"}}, "note": "(Observatii) Marquardt 1892, p. 198; Premerstein 1898, col. 183; Filow 1906, p. 3-4; Weiss 1911, p. 32; Pârvan, V. 1921, p. 193; Patsch 1937, p. 145-146; Condurachi, E. 1954, p.53; Florescu 1958, p. 7; Stoian 1962, p.38; Pippidi 1965, p. 306-307; Vulpe, R. 1938, p. 48-49.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/E4IRPSB7/library. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/NWC5I36B/library. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/2JCQP698/library. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/AGPJGVQS/library. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/M8UHBM9A/library. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/collections/7GP8GVDT/items/SU4TDP3A/item-list.\nhttps://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/collections/7GP8GVDT/items/NG4F4WS3/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/collections/7GP8GVDT/items/8HDC56QZ/item-list. 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Ursulescu, N. 2001 (2), p.135-139.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/SD6VDTQU/item-list. "}, "p06vx8jc9p9": {"id": "p06vx8jc9p9", "type": "Period", "label": "Turdas faze A si B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"ro": ["Turdas", "Turdas faze A si B"], "en": ["Turdas", "Turdas phases A and B"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jf23v", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Vestul Transilvaniei si Crisana", "start": {"label": "5500 a. 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", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/SD6VDTQU/item-list."}, "p06vx8j6bqq": {"id": "p06vx8j6bqq", "type": "Period", "label": "Turdas faza C", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Turdas phase C"], "ro": ["Turdas", "Turdas faza C"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jxh5x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179559", "label": "Arad County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q179588", "label": "Bihor County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191071", "label": "Hunedoara County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q184797", "label": "Sibiu County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q45868", "label": "Alba County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Transilvania centrala si de vest, Tara Hategului, Crisana", "start": {"label": "5000 a. 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"}, "p06vx8j8nf5": {"id": "p06vx8j8nf5", "type": "Period", "label": "Iclod", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Iclod"], "ro": ["Iclod"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jxh5x", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181513", "label": "Bistrița-Năsăud County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190690", "label": "Sălaj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182624", "label": "Cluj County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190711", "label": "Mureș County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Bazinul Somesului mijlociu (nordul Transilvaniei)", "start": {"label": "4900 a. Chr.", "in": {"year": "-4899"}}, "stop": {"label": "4600 a. Chr. ", "in": {"year": "-4599"}}, "note": "Este denumita cand cultura cand grup. 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Ursulescu, N. 2001 (1), p.121; Petrescu-Dambovita, M. 2001 (2)., p.166-167.", "editorialNote": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/P764UFW6/item-list. https://www.zotero.org/groups/269098/periodo/items/E26KF7DZ/item-list."}, "p06vx8j7xnr": {"id": "p06vx8j7xnr", "type": "Period", "label": "Stoicani-Aldeni", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/ro", "languageTag": "ro", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stoicani-Aldeni"], "ro": ["Stoicani-Aldeni"]}, "broader": "p06vx8jm8xn", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182778", "label": "Vrancea County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188796", "label": "Galați County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q188503", "label": "Brăila County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185309", "label": "Buzău County"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191078", "label": "Tulcea County"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Sudul Moldovei, vestul Buceagului, Nord-estul Munteniei", "start": {"label": "4800 a. 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"spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Poland", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0329", "latestYear": "-0319"}, "label": "330/320 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0259", "latestYear": "-0249"}, "label": "260/250 BC"}}, "p0s9nj94s5c": {"id": "p0s9nj94s5c", "type": "Period", "label": "okres lateński C1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène phase C1"], "pl": ["okres lateński C1"]}, "broader": "p0s9nj9n8nx", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Poland", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0259", "latestYear": "-0249"}, "label": "260/250 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0174", "latestYear": "-0164"}, "label": "175/165 BC"}}, "p0s9nj9kzb2": {"id": "p0s9nj9kzb2", "type": "Period", "label": "okres lateński C2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène phase 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"language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["La Tène phase D2"], "pl": ["okres lateński D2"]}, "broader": "p0s9nj9bts9", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southern Poland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0059"}, "label": "60 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0009", "latestYear": "-0004"}, "label": "10/5 BC"}, "note": "Lack of Celtic settlement in this phase on Polish lands."}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1342481834", "title": "Osadnictwo celtyckie w Zachodniej Małopolsce : ze studiów nad grupą tyniecką", "yearPublished": "2022", "creators": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/12787976266#Person/grygiel_michal", "name": "Michał Grygiel"}]}}, "p0qw2g9": {"id": "p0qw2g9", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0qw2g9xt4f": {"id": "p0qw2g9xt4f", "type": "Period", "label": "okres przedrzymski", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Pre-Roman Period", "Pre-Roman Iron Age"], "pl": ["okres przedrzymski"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0329", "latestYear": "-0319"}, "label": "330/320 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0010", "latestYear": "0020"}, "label": "10/20"}}, "p0qw2g9z26j": {"id": "p0qw2g9z26j", "type": "Period", "label": "starszy okres przedrzymski", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Older Pre-Roman Iron Age"], "pl": ["starszy okres przedrzymski"]}, "broader": "p0qw2g9xt4f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0329", "latestYear": "-0319"}, "label": "330/320 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0259", "latestYear": "-0249"}, "label": "260/250 BC"}}, "p0qw2g9pxzr": {"id": "p0qw2g9pxzr", "type": "Period", "label": "młodszy okres przedrzymski", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Younger Pre-Roman Iron Age"], "pl": ["młodszy okres przedrzymski"]}, "broader": "p0qw2g9xt4f", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0259", "latestYear": "-0249"}, "label": "260/250 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0010", "latestYear": "0020"}, "label": "10/20"}}, "p0qw2g9v9kx": {"id": "p0qw2g9v9kx", "type": "Period", "label": "młodszy okres przedrzymski A1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Younger Pre-Roman Iron Age phase A1"], "pl": ["młodszy okres przedrzymski A1"]}, "broader": "p0qw2g9pxzr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0259", "latestYear": "-0249"}, "label": "260/250 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0124", "latestYear": "-0114"}, "label": "125/115 BC"}}, "p0qw2g99w58": {"id": "p0qw2g99w58", "type": "Period", "label": "młodszy okres przedrzymski A1b", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Younger Pre-Roman Iron Age phase A1b"], "pl": ["młodszy okres przedrzymski A1b"]}, "broader": "p0qw2g9pxzr", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0179", "latestYear": "-0169"}, "label": "180/170 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0124", "latestYear": "-0114"}, "label": "125/115 BC"}, "note": "For the earliest phase of the Przeworsk culture.", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}]}, "p0qw2g95bpn": {"id": "p0qw2g95bpn", "type": "Period", "label": "młodysz okres przedrzymski A2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Younger Pre-Roman Iron Age phase A2"], "pl": ["młodysz okres przedrzymski A2"]}, "broader": "p0qw2g9pxzr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-0124", "latestYear": "-0114"}, "label": "125/115 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-0059"}, "label": "60 BC"}}, "p0qw2g9ktc9": {"id": "p0qw2g9ktc9", "type": "Period", "label": "młodszy okres przedrzymski A3", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/pl", "languageTag": "pl", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Younger Pre-Roman Iron Age phase A3"], "pl": ["młodszy okres przedrzymski A3"]}, "broader": "p0qw2g9pxzr", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "start": {"in": {"year": "-0059"}, "label": "60 BC"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "0010", "latestYear": "0020"}, "label": "10/20"}}}, "source": {"id": "http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1008719530", "title": "Kultura jastorfska na Niżu Polskim : próba określenia chronologii, zasięgu i powiązań = Jastorf culture in the Polish lowland : its approximate chronology, range and connctions", "yearPublished": "2015", "creators": [{"id": "http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/4566292521#Person/grygiel_michal", "name": "Michał Grygiel"}]}}, "p0dx86h": {"id": "p0dx86h", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0dx86hrn8j": {"id": "p0dx86hrn8j", "type": "Period", "label": "Mesolitikum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic"], "nn": ["Mellomsteinalderen", "Mesolitikum"], "nb": ["Mesolitikum"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-9299"}, "label": "9300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3899"}, "label": "3900 BCE"}, "editorialNote": "This is a wider term encompassing all the source's Mesolithic sub-periods", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hnp7t": {"id": "p0dx86hnp7t", "type": "Period", "label": "Neolitikum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Neolithic"], "nn": ["Yngre steinalder", "Neolitikum"], "nb": ["Yngre steinalder", "Neolitikum"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-3899"}, "label": "3900 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BCE"}, "editorialNote": "This is a wider term encompassing all the source's Neolithic sub-periods", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86h2m23": {"id": "p0dx86h2m23", "type": "Period", "label": "Tidligmesolitikum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Mesolithic"], "nb": ["Tidligmesolitikum"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hrn8j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-9299"}, "label": "9300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8299"}, "label": "8300 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hwn75": {"id": "p0dx86hwn75", "type": "Period", "label": "Mesolitikum, Fase 1", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic Phase 1"], "nb": ["Mesolitikum, Fase 1"]}, "broader": "p0dx86h2m23", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-9299"}, "label": "9300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-8299"}, "label": "8300 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86h9k6j": {"id": "p0dx86h9k6j", "type": "Period", "label": "Mellommesolitikum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Mesolithic"], "nb": ["Mellommesolitikum"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hrn8j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-8299"}, "label": "8300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6299"}, "label": "6300 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hnq6s": {"id": "p0dx86hnq6s", "type": "Period", "label": "Mesolitikum, Fase 2", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic Phase 2"], "nb": ["Mesolitikum, Fase 2"]}, "broader": "p0dx86h9k6j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-8299"}, "label": "8300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-6299"}, "label": "6300 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hsgnq": {"id": "p0dx86hsgnq", "type": "Period", "label": "Seinmesolitikum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Mesolithic"], "nb": ["Seinmesolitikum"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hrn8j", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-6299"}, "label": "6300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3899"}, "label": "3900 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86h5jkn": {"id": "p0dx86h5jkn", "type": "Period", "label": "Mesolitikum, Fase 3", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic Phase 3"], "nb": ["Mesolitikum, Fase 3"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hsgnq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-6299"}, "label": "6300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hr4kb": {"id": "p0dx86hr4kb", "type": "Period", "label": "Mesolitikum, Fase 4", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Mesolithic Phase 4"], "nb": ["Mesolitikum, Fase 4"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hsgnq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3899"}, "label": "3900 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hvwh4": {"id": "p0dx86hvwh4", "type": "Period", "label": "Nøstvetfasen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Nøstvet Phase"], "nb": ["Nøstvetfasen"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hsgnq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-6299"}, "label": "6300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hcqch": {"id": "p0dx86hcqch", "type": "Period", "label": "Kjeøyfasen", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Kjeøy Phase"], "nb": ["Kjeøyfasen"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hsgnq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-4499"}, "label": "4500 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3899"}, "label": "3900 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hphfj": {"id": "p0dx86hphfj", "type": "Period", "label": "Tidligneolitikum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Early Neolithic"], "nb": ["Tidligneolitikum"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hnp7t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-3899"}, "label": "3900 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hfjmq": {"id": "p0dx86hfjmq", "type": "Period", "label": "Mellomneolitikum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic"], "nb": ["Mellomneolitikum"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hnp7t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2349"}, "label": "2350 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hjddk": {"id": "p0dx86hjddk", "type": "Period", "label": "Mellomneolitikum A", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic A"], "nb": ["Mellomneolitikum A"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hfjmq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-3299"}, "label": "3300 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2849"}, "label": "2850 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hvj48": {"id": "p0dx86hvj48", "type": "Period", "label": "Mellomneolitikum B", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Middle Neolithic B"], "nb": ["Mellomneolitikum B"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hfjmq", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2849"}, "label": "2850 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-2349"}, "label": "2350 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}, "p0dx86hg84q": {"id": "p0dx86hg84q", "type": "Period", "label": "Seinneolitikum", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/nb", "languageTag": "nb", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Neolithic"], "nb": ["Seinneolitikum"]}, "broader": "p0dx86hnp7t", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q216065", "label": "Eastern Norway"}, {"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q648851", "label": "Southern Norway"}], "start": {"in": {"year": "-2349"}, "label": "2350 BCE"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-1699"}, "label": "1700 BCE"}, "spatialCoverageDescription": "Southeastern Norway"}}, "source": {"id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.141", "title": "Steinalderen i Sørøst-Norge: Faglig program for steinalderundersøkelser ved Kulturhistorisk museum", "yearPublished": "2021-11-15", "creators": [{"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/hege-damlien-12dwxxtw5cfvs", "name": "Hege Damlien"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/inger-marie-berg-hansen-12dwxxtw5cfvs", "name": "Inger Marie Berg-Hansen"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/lene-melheim-12dwxxtw5cfvs", "name": "Lene Melheim"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/axel-mjrum-12dwxxtw5cfvs", "name": "Axel Mjærum"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/per-persson-12dwxxtw5cfvs", "name": "Per Persson"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/almut-schulke-12dwxxtw5cfvs", "name": "Almut Schülke"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/steinar-solheim-12dwxxtw5cfvs", "name": "Steinar Solheim"}], "locator": "p. 15"}, "editorialNote": "The chronology (given in calibrated years BC/BCE) divides the Southeast Norwegian Stone Age into main phases and sub-phases that are recognized by significant cultural characteristics. Based on recent research, the foundation for the divisions is more solid concerning the Mesolithic, while the Neolithic largely builds on South Scandinavian chronology and to a lesser degree is founded in regional data (Damlien et al. 2021:15).\n\nSteinalderen i Sørøst-Norge. Faglig program for steinalderundersøkelser ved Kulturhistorisk museum [The Stone Age in Southeast Norway. Academic program for Stone Age research at the Museum of Cultural History] (Damlien et al. 2021) contains a summary of updated research and results from more than 400 Stone Age sites excavated between 2000 and 2017. It also defines specific future research challenges and goals. The program is in daily use by researchers, as well as the regional and national government as a basis for the culture heritage management in the region."}, "p0j9r72": {"id": "p0j9r72", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p0j9r72sbgb": {"id": "p0j9r72sbgb", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "18-19"}, "label": "Late Band Pottery Culture I", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Stichbandkeramik"], "en": ["Stroke Pottery Culture", "Late Band Pottery Culture I"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland and Eastern Germany", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4900", "latestYear": "-4700"}, "label": "-4900/-4700"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4700", "latestYear": "-4500"}, "label": "-4700/-4500"}, "note": "\"LBPC I is estimated to have begun in 5585–4545 CAL B .C. (95% probability; start LBPC I) (FIG. 9), probably in 4940–4605 CAL B.C. (68% probability). The imprecision of this estimate accurately reflects that we have a single dated sample on short-life material from this phase (Gd-2509 on animal bone from pit 1 at Wegierce 12). The transition from LBPC I to LBPC IIA is estimated to have occurred in 4725–4530 CAL B .C. (95% probability; LBPC I/LBPC IIA) (FIG. 9), probably in 4760–4565 CAL B.C. (68% probability). On current evidence, we can thus say little more than that LBPC I ceramics in Poland probably date to some time within the first half of the 5th millennium CAL B .C., and that LBPC IIA ceramics probably appear in the century or two before 4500 CAL B.C.\"", "editorialNote": "Late Band Pottery Culture (LBPC) I should not start before 4900 as at this time Linear Band Pottery is still attested. As there is only one 14C-date attached to the phasing, the given year dates are rounded to 100 to show imprecisions.", "broader": "p0j9r72g96p"}, "p0j9r729p9b": {"id": "p0j9r729p9b", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "18-19"}, "label": "Late Band Pottery Culture IIA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Stroke Pottery Culture", "Late Band Pottery Culture IIA"], "de": ["Stichbandkeramik", "Stichreihenkeramik"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland and Eastern Germany", "start": {"label": "-4700/-4500", "in": {"earliestYear": "-4700", "latestYear": "-4500"}}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4345", "latestYear": "-4270"}, "label": "-4345/-4270"}, "note": "\"The transition from LBPC IIA to Late Lengyel IIB occurred in 4345–4270 CAL B.C. (95% probability; LBPC IIA/IIB) (FIG . 9), probably in 4335–4310 CAL B. C . (68% probability). \"", "editorialNote": "There are six 14C-dates for this phase in Czerniak et al.'s calculation, therefore more precise datings are given. For the date of the beginning, see end date of LBPC I", "broader": "p0j9r72g96p"}, "p0j9r72g96p": {"id": "p0j9r72g96p", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "18-19"}, "label": "Late Band Pottery Culture", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Stichbandkeramik"], "en": ["Late Band Pottery Culture"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland and Eastern Germany", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4900", "latestYear": "-4700"}, "label": "-4900/-4700"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4400", "latestYear": "-4300"}, "label": "-4400/-4300"}, "editorialNote": "overarching dating of stroke band pottery in Poland as defined by Czerniak et al 2016. contra Grygiel 2008."}, "p0j9r7263xk": {"id": "p0j9r7263xk", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "19-20"}, "label": "Late Lengyel IIB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Brześć-Kujawski Culture", "Late Band Pottery Culture IIB", "Late Lengyel IIB"], "de": ["BKK"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Poland and Kujavy", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4335", "latestYear": "-4310"}, "label": "-4335/-4310"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4210", "latestYear": "-4185"}, "label": "-4210/-4185"}, "note": "\" Late Lengyel IIB to Late Lengyel IIIA occurred in 4310–4240 CAL B .C. (91% probability; IIB/IIIA) (FIG . 9) or 4210–4185 CAL B.C. (4% probability), probably in 4300–4265 CAL B.C. (68% probability).  Again, this date estimate is compatible with the estimate for the equivalent transition at Racot 18, where it occurred in 4285–4200 CAL B.C. (95% probability; Racot IIB/IIIA) (FIG. 10), probably in 4270–4230 CAL B.C.. Both models agree in suggesting that Late Lengyel IIB was a short phase, lasting perhaps only two or three generations. We have five assemblages associated with short-life samples ( plus one residual short-life sample) from Late Lengyel IIB.\"", "editorialNote": "For begin of this phase, see Late Band Pottery Culture IIA, as they transition into each other", "broader": "p0j9r7233z7"}, "p0j9r72hvmm": {"id": "p0j9r72hvmm", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "20"}, "label": "Late Lengyel IIIA", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Late Band Pottery Culture IIIA", "Brześć-Kujawski Culture IIIA", "Late Lengyel IIIA"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Poland and Kujavy", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4210", "latestYear": "-4185"}, "label": "-4210/-4185"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4085", "latestYear": "-4000"}, "label": "-4085/-4000"}, "note": "\"Late Lengyel IIIA ended and Late Lengyel IIIB began in 4140–3975 CAL B .C. (95% probability; IIIA/IIIB) (FIG . 9), probably in 4085–4000 CAL B.C. (68% probability). Once more, this date estimate is compatible with the estimate for the equivalent transition at Racot 18, where it occurred in 4145–4050 CAL B.C. (95% probability; Racot IIIA/IIIB-1) (FIG . 10), probably in 4110–4060 CAL B.C. The dating of Late Lengyel IIIA is relatively robust, with seven assemblages associated with dates on short-life materials.\"", "editorialNote": "For beginning of this phase, see ending of Late Lengyel IIB", "broader": "p0j9r7233z7"}, "p0j9r7233z7": {"id": "p0j9r7233z7", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "20"}, "label": "Late Lengyel", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Brześć-Kujawski Culture", "Late Lengyel"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Poland", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4400", "latestYear": "-4300"}, "label": "-4400/-4300"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-3805", "latestYear": "-3370"}, "label": "-3805/-3370"}, "note": "\"The date when Late Lengyel IIIB ended is more uncertain, since we have only one assemblage associ-\nated with a short-life sample. The model suggests that Late Lengyel IIIB ended in 3905–2715 CAL B.C.\n(95% probability; end IIIB) (FIG. 9), probably in 3805–3370 CAL B.C. (68% probability). This is rather later than the end of Late Lengyel activity at Racot 18, which occurred in 4035–3990 CAL B.C. (95% prob-\nability; End Racot Late Lengyel) (FIG . 10), probably in 3970–3915 CAL B.C. (68% probability). It is currently not clear, however, whether Racot 18 ended before the demise of Late Lengyel IIIB ceramics elsewhere.\nNeither the animal bone from pit B354 at Bodzia 1 (Poz-43555) nor any of the dates on unidentified charcoal from this phase (FIG . 9) need be any later than the 40th century CAL B.C. Late Lengyel IIIB ceramics may\ncontinue later into the 4th millennium but, on present evidence, they need not have done so and, again, only further radiocarbon dates on short-life material associated with diagnostic cultural material will demonstrate\nthis unequivocally.\"\n", "editorialNote": "The very late end date of the 95% range is very improbable, as at this time numerous other cultures are attested (e. g. funnel beaker). Therefore, in this case, the 68% range of the 14C dates was given precedence. "}, "p0j9r72pc85": {"id": "p0j9r72pc85", "type": "Period", "label": "Late Lengyel IIIB", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Breześć-Kujawski-Culture IIIB", "Late Lengyel IIIB"]}, "broader": "p0j9r7233z7", "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36", "label": "Poland"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Greater Poland and Kujavy", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4140", "latestYear": "-3975"}, "label": "-4140/-3975 "}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-3805", "latestYear": "-3370"}, "label": "-3805/-3370"}, "note": "\"Late Lengyel IIIA ended and Late Lengyel IIIB began in 4140–3975 CAL B .C. (95% probability; IIIA/IIIB) (FIG . 9), probably in 4085–4000 CAL B.C. (68% probability). Once more, this date estimate is compatible with the estimate for the equivalent transition at Racot 18, where it occurred in 4145–4050 CAL B.C. (95% probability; Racot IIIA/IIIB-1) (FIG . 10), probably in 4110–4060 CAL B.C. The dating of Late Lengyel IIIA is relatively robust, with seven assemblages associated with dates on short-life materials. The date when Late Lengyel IIIB ended is more uncertain, since we have only one assemblage associated with a short-life sample. The model suggests that Late Lengyel IIIB ended in 3905–2715 CAL B.C. (95% probability; end IIIB) (FIG. 9), probably in 3805–3370 CAL B.C. (68% probability). This is rather later than the end of Late Lengyel activity at Racot 18, which occurred in 4035–3990 CAL B.C. (95% probability; End Racot Late Lengyel) (FIG . 10), probably in 3970–3915 CAL B.C. (68% probability). It is currently not clear, however, whether Racot 18 ended before the demise of Late Lengyel IIIB ceramics elsewhere. Neither the animal bone from pit B354 at Bodzia 1 (Poz-43555) nor any of the dates on unidentified charcoal from this phase (FIG . 9) need be any later than the 40th century CAL B.C. Late Lengyel IIIB ceramics may continue later into the 4th millennium but, on present evidence, they need not have done so and, again, only further radiocarbon dates on short-life material associated with diagnostic cultural material will demonstrate this unequivocally.", "editorialNote": "In this case the late end date is improbable as at that time, a number of other cultures have been attested. Therefore, the 68% range is given."}}, "source": {"id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2016.1215723", "title": "House time: Neolithic settlement development at Racot during the 5th millennium CAL B.C. in the Polish lowlands", "yearPublished": "2016-08-26", "creators": [{"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/lech-czerniak-dyjocobey6z5", "name": "Lech Czerniak"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/elaine-dunbar-dyjocobey6z5", "name": "Elaine Dunbar"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/alistair-barclay-dyjocobey6z5", "name": "Alistair Barclay"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/tomasz-goslar-dyjocobey6z5", "name": "Tomasz Goslar"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/christopher-bronk-ramsey-dyjocobey6z5", "name": "Christopher Bronk Ramsey"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/alasdair-whittle-dyjocobey6z5", "name": "Alasdair Whittle"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/arkadiusz-marciniak-dyjocobey6z5", "name": "Arkadiusz Marciniak"}, {"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/alex-bayliss-dyjocobey6z5", "name": "Alex Bayliss"}]}, "editorialNote": "This paper uses a Bayesian model to explore the development of the settlement of Racot 18 as an example for the development of the Brześć-Kujawski Culture"}, "p066jt9": {"id": "p066jt9", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p066jt92nth": {"id": "p066jt92nth", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "370"}, "label": "Rössener Kultur", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"de": ["Rössener Kultur"], "en": ["Rössen Culture"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Germany", "start": {"in": {"year": "-4800"}, "label": "-4800"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4400", "latestYear": "-4300"}, "label": "-4400/-4300"}, "note": "Grabfunde späte Rössener Kultur:\n1. Oberwiederstedt Grab 90 (menschliche Skelettreste).\nLandesmus. Vorgeschichte Halle (Saale) Hauptkatalognummer (HK) 97:20461 a: Erl-8394 = 5766 B.P. ± 54, delta 13 C -20,6; 1sigma (68,3%) = 4686-4552 B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4763-4464 B.C.\n2. Oberwiederstedt Grab 95 (menschliche Skelettreste).\nLandesmus. Vorgesch. Halle HK 97:20462a: Erl-8395 =5669 B.P.±54, delta 13 C -20,7; 1sigma (68,3%) = 4582-4407 B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4679-4365 B.C.", "editorialNote": "there are two 14C dates of the *late* Rössen culture with ranges between ~4800 and ~4350 cal BC. Because two dates are not enough for a good model and there has been no Bayesian statistics performed, the \"rough\" two stop years at the level of century are given. The beginning of Rössen culture are defined better elsewhere."}, "p066jt9z4nw": {"id": "p066jt9z4nw", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "370"}, "label": "Gaterslebener Gruppe", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Group Gatersleben"], "de": ["Gaterslebener Gruppe"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Germany", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4600", "latestYear": "-4500"}, "label": "-4600/-4500"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4300", "latestYear": "-4200"}, "label": "-4300/-4200"}, "note": "Tierknochen aus Siedlungsgruben der Gaterslebener Gruppe von Eulau\n5. Eulau Befund-Nr. 5_ 1367 (Knochenfragment eines Tieres von Rindgröße). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle o. HK\n(unpubl.): Erl-8397 = 5699 B.P. ± 56, delta 13C -20,9; 1sigma (68,3%) = 4600-4461 B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4691-4375 B.C.\n6. Eulau Befund-Nr. 5_ 137 4 (Teil vom Metatarsus eines Hausrindes). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle o. HK (unpubl.);\nErl-8398 = 5603 B.P. ± 55, delta 13C -21,2; 1sigma (68,3%) = 4487-4364B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4538-4347 B.C. \n7. Eulau Befund-Nr. 5_ 1513 (Langknochenfragment eines Tieres von Rindgröße). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle o. HK\n(unpubl.); Erl-8399 = 5545 B.P. ± 53, delta 13 C -20,4; 1sigma (68,3%) = 4448-4346 B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4491-4272B.C.", "editorialNote": "Three 14C dates from a settlement pit in Eulau, Central Germany, have been dated. The dates range roughly from -4600 to -4200, but the start and end are not clear. "}, "p066jt9cvq6": {"id": "p066jt9cvq6", "type": "Period", "source": {"locator": "370-71"}, "label": "Epi-Rössen/Epi-Lengyel mitteldeutscher Prägung", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"en": ["Central German Epi-Rössen/Epi-Lengyel"], "de": ["Epi-Rössen/Epi-Lengyel mitteldeutscher Prägung"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Germany", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4400", "latestYear": "-4300"}, "label": "-4400/-4300"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-3900", "latestYear": "-3800"}, "label": "-3900/-3800"}, "note": "Älterer Abschnitt des »Epi-Rössen/Epi-Lengyel mitteldeutscher Prägung«/Lokalfazies von Eilsieben (Lkr. Börde)\n\n8. Eilsleben Grube 23/87 (Getreidekorn). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle HK 93:576h (unpubl.): \nErl-8094 = 5580 B.P. ± 65, delta 13C -24,3; 1sigma (68,3 %) = 4460-4352 B.C.; 2o (95,4%) = 4546-4330 B.C.\n\n9. Eilsleben Grube 23/87 (Getreidekorn). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle HK 99:3631 a (unpubl.): \nErl-8095 = 5623.B.P. ± 64, delta 13C -23,9; 1sigma (68,3%) = 4502-4368 BC.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4597-4344 B.C.\n\n10. Eilsleben Grube 24/87 (Getreidekorn). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle HK 99:3632 (unpubl.): \nErl-8097 = 5556 B.P.  ± 62, delta 13C -24,3; 1sigma (68,3%) = 4450-4351 B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4522-4326B.C.\n\nÄlterer Abschnitt des »Epi-Rössen/Epi-Lengyel mitteldeutscher Prägung«/Lokalfazies von Priestewitz-Kmehlen (Kr. Riesa-Großenhain)\n\n11. Kmehlen Grube (Getreide). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Dresden S.: 257-259/67 (Baumann/ Schultze-Motel 1968, 10-11 Abb. 4; Kaufmann 1995, 47-49 Abb. 3); \nBln-231 = 5360± 160B.P.; 1sigma (68,2%) = 4350-4000B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4550-3750 B.C. (vgl. auch Müller 2001, 92).\n\nÄlterer Abschnitt des »Epi-Rössen/Epi-Lengyel mitteldeutscher Prägung«/Lokalfazies von Gröna (Lkr. Salzland)\n\n12. Gröna Grube (Langknochenfragment eines Tieres von Rindgröße). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle HK 70: 112 (Kaufmann/ Nitzschke 1976): \nErl-8402 = 5305 B.P. ± 58, delta 13C -20,6; 1sigma (68,3%) = 4231-4049 B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4318-3989 B.C.\n\nJüngerer Abschnitt des »Epi-Rössen/Epi-Lengyel mitteldeutscher Prägung« (»Schiepziger Gruppe«)\n\n13. Salzmünde-Schiepzig (Saalekreis) Stelle 49, Grube A (Langknochenfragment von Schaf/Ziege). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle HK 48:844m (Beran 1993, Taf. 33, 1-11)\nErl-8403 = 5238 B.P. ± 58, delta 13C -21,3; 1 sigma (68,3%) = 4225-3972 B.C.; 2sgima (95,4%) = 4233-3961 B.C.\n\n14. Salzmünde-Schiepzig Stelle 22 (Grube) (Langknochenfragment vom Schwein). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle HK 38:211 c (Beran 1993, Taf. 34, 1-7):\nErl-8404 = 5152B.P.±61, delta 13C -21,3; 1sigma (68,3%) =4041-3811 B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4223-3787 B.C.\n\n15. Salzmünde-Schiepzig Stelle 68 (Langknochenfragment eines Tieres von Rindgröße). Landesmus. Vorgesch. Halle HK 50:96i (Beran 1993, Taf. 37, 1-14):\nErl-8405 = 5183B.P.±51, delta 13C -20,9; 1sigma (68,3%) =4044-3956 B.C.; 2sigma (95,4%) = 4227-3805 B.C.\n", "editorialNote": "In the source, seven 14C dates are given and assigned to two phases and three \"local styles\". This leads to phases and styles of approximately 100 years with large uncertainties at each end as in parts only one 14C date can be allocated to a style. More 14C dates are needed before the phase can be clearly subdivided. "}, "p066jt9qpwk": {"id": "p066jt9qpwk", "type": "Period", "label": "Jordansmühler Kultur", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/de", "languageTag": "de", "localizedLabels": {"pl": ["Grupa Jordanowska", "Kultura Jordanowska"], "en": ["Jordanow Culture"], "de": ["Jordansmühler Kultur"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183", "label": "Germany"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Central Germany", "start": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-4000", "latestYear": "-3900"}, "label": "-4000/-3900"}, "stop": {"in": {"earliestYear": "-3900", "latestYear": "-3800"}, "label": "-3900/-3800"}, "note": "Jordansmühler Kultur:\n16. Wulfen (Lkr. Anhalt-Bitterfeld) Grube 2 (Knochenreste). Mus. Köthen EK 23/44, A86 (Kaufmann 1995, 57-60 Abb. 7)\n HD-19407 = 5129 ± 35 B.P. (3980-3810 B.C.) (zitiert nach Müller 2001, 244).", "editorialNote": "As there is only one 14C date, this is very imprecise and given only in centuries. The source does not give one or two sigma ranges, letting me assume a 1 sigma range. Therefore the start and end years are noted down with imprecisions of 100 years."}}, "source": {"citation": "Kaufmann, Dieter, \"Schöninger\", \"Schiepziger\" oder \"Salzmünder Gruppe\"? Neue ¹⁴C-Daten zum Übergang vom Älteren zum Jüngeren Mittelneolithikum in Mitteldeutschland, Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 37, 2007, 365-378.", "title": "\"Schöninger\", \"Schiepziger\" oder \"Salzmünder Gruppe\"? Neue ¹⁴C-Daten zum Übergang vom Älteren zum Jüngeren Mittelneolithikum in Mitteldeutschland", "yearPublished": "2007", "creators": [{"name": "Dieter Kaufmann"}]}, "editorialNote": "this paper presents several 14C-dates for the central German middle neolithic"}, "p02z9xf": {"id": "p02z9xf", "type": "Authority", "periods": {"p02z9xf7frc": {"id": "p02z9xf7frc", "type": "Period", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene", "label": "Pleistocene-Indonesia", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"id": ["Pleistosen-Indonesia"], "en": ["Pleistocene-Indonesia"]}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}], "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indonesia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2578050"}, "label": "2580000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-9750"}, "label": "11700 BP"}, "narrower": []}, "p02z9xfqgrq": {"id": "p02z9xfqgrq", "type": "Period", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene", "label": "Early Pleistocene", "language": "http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-1/en", "languageTag": "en", "localizedLabels": {"id": ["Pleistosen Awal"], "en": ["Early Pleistocene"]}, "broader": "p02z9xf7frc", "spatialCoverageDescription": "Indonesia", "start": {"in": {"year": "-2578050"}, "label": "2580000 BP"}, "stop": {"in": {"year": "-298050"}, "label": "300000 BP"}, "spatialCoverage": [{"id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q252", "label": "Indonesia"}]}}, "source": {"id": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/asi.2019.0010", "title": "First Islanders: Prehistory and Human Migration in Island Southeast Asia by Peter Bellwood", "yearPublished": "2019", "creators": [{"id": "https://id.crossref.org/contributor/charles-higham-2ynaca24vwqdy", "name": "Charles Higham"}]}}}, "primaryTopicOf": {"id": "p0dataset/", "inDataset": {"id": "p0d", "changes": "p0h#changes"}}}